apunkt/factbook.json
1
0
Fork 0
mirror of https://github.com/factbook/factbook.json.git synced 2026-06-10 18:55:12 +02:00
Code Issues Projects Releases Packages Wiki Activity Actions

auto-update week 38

Browse source
This commit is contained in:
Yo Robot 2022-09-22 22:30:25 +00:00
parent afda5494a9
commit 6b68ee1a2f
118 changed files with 242 additions and 224 deletions
Download patch file Download diff file Expand all files Collapse all files

4
africa/ag.json
View file

@ -615,7 +615,7 @@
}
},
"Political parties and leaders": {
"text": "Algerian National Front or FNA [Moussa TOUATI]<br>Algerian Popular Movement or MPA [Amara BENYOUNES]<br>Algerian Rally or RA [Ali ZAGHDOUD]<br>Algeria's Hope Rally or TAJ [Fatma Zohra ZEROUATI]<br>Democratic and Social Movement or MDS [Fethi GHARES]<br>Dignity or El Karama [Mohamed DAOUI]<br>El-Bina (Harakat El-Binaa El-Watani) [Abdelkader BENGRINA]<br>El-Islah [Filali GHOUINI]<br>Ennahda [Yazid BENAICHA]<br>Ennour El Djazairi Party (Algerian Radiance Party) or PED [Badreddine BELBAZ]<br>Front for Justice and Development or El Adala [Abdallah DJABALLAH]<br>Future Front or El Mostakbel [Abdelaziz BELAID]<br>Islamic Renaissance Movement or Ennahda Movement [Mohamed DOUIBI]<br>Justice and Development Front or FJD [Abdellah DJABALLAH]<br>Movement for National Reform or Islah [Filali GHOUINI]<br>Movement of National Understanding or MEN<br>Movement of Society for Peace or MSP [Abderrazak MAKRI]<br>National Construction Movement or Harakat Al-bina' Al-watanii [Abdelkader BENGRINA]<br>National Democratic Rally (Rassemblement National Democratique) or RND [Tayeb ZITOUNI]<br>National Front for Social Justice or FNJS [Khaled BOUNEDJEMA]<br>National Liberation Front or FLN [Abou El Fadhel BAADJI]<br>National Party for Solidarity and Development or PNSD [Dalila YALAQUI]<br>National Reform Movement or Islah [Djahid YOUNSI]<br>National Republican Alliance or ANR [Belkacem SAHLI]<br>New Dawn Party or El-Fajr El-Jadid [Tahar BENBAIBECHE]<br>New Generation or Jil Jadid [Soufiane DJILALI]<br>Oath of 1954 or Ahd 54 [Ali Fawzi REBAINE]<br>Party of Justice and Liberty or PLJ [Djamel Ben ZIADI]<br>Rally for Culture and Democracy or RCD [Mohcine BELABBAS]<br>Socialist Forces Front or FFS [Youcef AOUCHICHE]<br>Union for Change and Progress or UCP [Zoubida ASSOUL]<br>Union of Democratic and Social Forces or UFDS [Noureddine BAHBOUH]<br>Vanguard of Liberties or Talaie El Hurriyet [Abdelkader SAADI]<br>Workers Party or PT [Louisa HANOUNE]<br>Youth Party or PJ [Hamana BOUCHARMA]",
"text": "Algerian National Front or FNA [Moussa TOUATI]<br>Algerian Popular Movement or MPA [Amara BENYOUNES]<br>Algerian Rally or RA [Ali ZAGHDOUD]<br>Algeria's Hope Rally or TAJ [Fatma Zohra ZEROUATI]<br>Democratic and Social Movement or MDS [Fethi GHARES]<br>Dignity or El Karama [Mohamed DAOUI]<br>El-Bina (Harakat El-Binaa El-Watani) [Abdelkader BENGRINA]<br>El-Islah [Filali GHOUINI]<br>Ennour El Djazairi Party (Algerian Radiance Party) or PED [Badreddine BELBAZ]<br>Front for Justice and Development or El Adala [Abdallah DJABALLAH]<br>Future Front or El Mostakbel [Abdelaziz BELAID]<br>Islamic Renaissance Movement or Ennahda Movement [Mohamed DOUIBI]<br>Justice and Development Front or FJD [Abdellah DJABALLAH]<br>Movement for National Reform or Islah [Filali GHOUINI]<br>Movement of National Understanding or MEN<br>Movement of Society for Peace or MSP [Abderrazak MAKRI]<br>National Construction Movement (Harakat Al-bina' Al-watanii) [Abdelkader BENGRINA]<br>National Democratic Rally (Rassemblement National Democratique) or RND [Tayeb ZITOUNI]<br>National Front for Social Justice or FNJS [Khaled BOUNEDJEMA]<br>National Liberation Front or FLN [Abou El Fadhel BAADJI]<br>National Party for Solidarity and Development or PNSD [Dalila YALAQUI]<br>National Reform Movement or Islah [Djahid YOUNSI]<br>National Republican Alliance or ANR [Belkacem SAHLI]<br>New Dawn Party (El-Fajr El-Jadid) [Tahar BENBAIBECHE]<br>New Generation (Jil Jadid) [Soufiane DJILALI]<br>Oath of 1954 or Ahd 54 [Ali Fawzi REBAINE]<br>Party of Justice and Liberty or PLJ [Djamel Ben ZIADI]<br>Rally for Culture and Democracy or RCD [Mohcine BELABBAS]<br>Socialist Forces Front or FFS [Youcef AOUCHICHE]<br>Union for Change and Progress or UCP [Zoubida ASSOUL]<br>Union of Democratic and Social Forces or UFDS [Noureddine BAHBOUH]<br>Vanguard of Liberties (Talaie El Hurriyet) [Abdelkader SAADI]<br>Workers Party or PT [Louisa HANOUNE]<br>Youth Party or PJ [Hamana BOUCHARMA]",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> a law banning political parties based on religion was enacted in March 1997"
},
"International organization participation": {
@ -1246,7 +1246,7 @@
"text": "the ANP's inventory includes mostly Russian-sourced equipment; since 2010, Algeria has received arms from a variety of countries, with Russia as the leading supplier (2022)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18 is the legal minimum age for voluntary military service (including women); 19-30 years of age for compulsory service (all Algerian men must register at age 17); conscript service obligation reduced from 18 to 12 months in 2014 (2022)",
"text": "18 is the legal minimum age for voluntary military service for men and women; 19-30 years of age for compulsory service for men (all Algerian men must register at age 17); conscript service obligation reduced from 18 to 12 months in 2014 (2022)",
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>as of 2020, conscripts comprised an estimated 70% of the military"
},
"Military - note": {

6
africa/ao.json
View file

@ -599,10 +599,10 @@
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Joao Manuel Goncalves LOURENCO (since 29 August 2022); Vice President Bornito De Sousa Baltazar DIOGO (since 29 August 2022); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government (2022)"
"text": "President Joao Manuel Goncalves LOURENCO (since 15 September 2022); Vice President Bornito De Sousa Baltazar DIOGO (since 15 September 2022); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government (2022)"
},
"head of government": {
"text": "President Joao Manuel Goncalves LOURENCO (since 29 August 2022); Vice President Bornito De Sousa Baltazar DIOGO (since 29 August 2022) (2022)"
"text": "President Joao Manuel Goncalves LOURENCO (since 15 September 2022); Vice President Bornito De Sousa Baltazar DIOGO (since 15 September 2022) (2022)"
},
"cabinet": {
"text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president"
@ -1281,7 +1281,7 @@
"text": "most Angolan military weapons and equipment are of Russian, Soviet, or Warsaw Pact origin; since 2010, Russia has been&nbsp;the principal supplier of military hardware to Angola (2021)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "20-45 years of age for compulsory male and 18-45 years for voluntary male military service (registration at age 18 is mandatory); 20-45 years of age for voluntary female service; 2-year conscript service obligation; Angolan citizenship required; the Navy is entirely staffed with volunteers (2021)"
"text": "20-45 years of age for compulsory and 18-45 years for voluntary military service for men (registration at age 18 is mandatory); 20-45 years of age for voluntary service for women; 2-year conscript service obligation; Angolan citizenship required; the Navy is entirely staffed with volunteers (2021)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the Angolan Armed Forces were created in 1991 under the Bicesse Accords signed between the Angolan Government and the National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA) <br><br>the Angolan Armed Forces are responsible for external security but also have domestic security responsibilities, including border security, expulsion of irregular migrants, and small-scale actions against groups like the Front for the Liberation of the Enclave of Cabinda separatists in Cabinda (2022)"

2
africa/bc.json
View file

@ -50,7 +50,7 @@
},
"Elevation": {
"highest point": {
"text": "Manyelanong Hill 1,495 m<br>note - the Factbook map is incorrect; it shows the wrong high elevation"
"text": "Manyelanong Hill 1,495 m"
},
"lowest point": {
"text": "junction of the Limpopo and Shashe Rivers 513 m"

4
africa/bn.json
View file

@ -58,7 +58,7 @@
},
"Elevation": {
"highest point": {
"text": "unnamed elevation located 2.5 km southeast of the town of Kotopounga 675 m<br>note - the Factbook map is incorrect; it shows the wrong high elevation"
"text": "unnamed elevation 675 m; located 2.5 km southeast of the town of Kotopounga"
},
"lowest point": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean 0 m"
@ -1260,7 +1260,7 @@
"text": "the FAB is equipped with a small mix of mostly older French and Soviet-era equipment (2021)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-35 years of age for selective compulsory and voluntary military service; a higher education diploma is required; both sexes are eligible for military service; conscript tour of duty - 18 months (2021)"
"text": "18-35 years of age for voluntary and selective compulsory military service; a higher education diploma is required; both sexes are eligible for military service; conscript service is 18 months (2021)"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "260 (plus about 160 police) Mali (MINUSMA) (May 2022)"

4
africa/cg.json
View file

@ -599,7 +599,7 @@
"text": "the DRC has two time zones"
},
"etymology": {
"text": "founded as a trading post in 1881 and named Leopoldville in honor of King Leopold II of the Belgians, who controlled the Congo Free State, the vast central African territory that became the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 1960; in 1966, Leopoldville was renamed Kinshasa, after a village of that name that once stood near the site"
"text": "founded as a trading post in 1881 and named Leopoldville in honor of King LEOPOLD II of the Belgians, who controlled the Congo Free State, the vast central African territory that became the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 1960; in 1966, Leopoldville was renamed Kinshasa, after a village of that name that once stood near the site"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
@ -1332,7 +1332,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "210,067 (Rwanda), 206,967 (Central African Republic), 56,303 (South Sudan) (refugees and asylum seekers), 40,798 (Burundi) (2022)"
"text": "210,067 (Rwanda), 211,953 (Central African Republic), 55,285 (South Sudan) (refugees and asylum seekers), 40,808 (Burundi) (2022)"
},
"IDPs": {
"text": "5.53 million (fighting between government forces and rebels since mid-1990s; conflict in Kasai region since 2016) (2022)"

2
africa/ek.json
View file

@ -497,7 +497,7 @@
"text": "UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"etymology": {
"text": "named after Malabo Lopelo Melaka (1837&ndash;1937), the last king of the Bubi, the ethnic group indigenous to the island of Bioko; the name of the new capital, Ciudad de la Paz, translates to \"City of Peace\" in Spanish"
"text": "named after King MALABO (Malabo Lopelo Melaka) (1837&ndash;1937), the last king of the Bubi, the ethnic group indigenous to the island of Bioko; the name of the new capital, Ciudad de la Paz, translates to \"City of Peace\" in Spanish"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {

8
africa/er.json
View file

@ -1144,7 +1144,7 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Eritrean Defense Forces: Eritrean Ground Forces, Eritrean Navy, Eritrean Air Force (includes Air Defense Force); Hizbawi Serawit (aka People's Army or People's Militia) (2022)"
"text": "Eritrean Defense Forces (EDF): Eritrean Ground Forces, Eritrean Navy, Eritrean Air Force (includes Air Defense Force); Hizbawi Serawit (aka People's Army or People's Militia) (2022)"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
@ -1167,14 +1167,14 @@
"text": "limited available information; estimated 150,000-200,000 personnel, including about 2,000 in the naval and air forces (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the Eritrean Defense Forces inventory is comprised primarily of older Russian and Soviet-era systems; Eritrea was under a UN arms embargo from 2009 to 2018; from the 1990s to 2008, Russia was the leading supplier of arms to Eritrea, followed by Belarus; in 2019, Eritrea expressed interest in purchasing Russian arms, including missile boats, helicopters, and small arms (2021)"
"text": "the EDF inventory is comprised primarily of older Russian and Soviet-era systems; Eritrea was under a UN arms embargo from 2009 to 2018; from the 1990s to 2008, Russia was the leading supplier of arms to Eritrea; in 2019, Eritrea expressed interest in purchasing Russian arms, including missile boats, helicopters, and small arms (2021)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-40 years of age for male and female voluntary and compulsory military service (18-27 for female conscription); 18-month conscript service obligation, which includes 4-6 months of military training and one‐year of military or other national service (military service is most common); note - in practice, military service is often extended indefinitely (2021)",
"text": "Eritrea mandates military service for all citizens between the ages of 18 and 40 (18-27 for women if conscripted); 18-month conscript service obligation, which includes 4-6 months of military training and one‐year of military or other national service (military service is most common); note - in practice, military service is often extended indefinitely (2021)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> as of 2020, women were estimated to make up as much as 30% of the Eritrean military"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "in 2020-2021, the EDF assisted the Ethiopian Government in its war with the Tigray regional government, providing ground forces and combat aircraft; during the fighting, the EDF was accused of committing human rights abuses against civilians (2022)"
"text": "since the country's independence in 1991, the Eritrean military has participated in numerous conflicts, including the Hanish Island Crisis with Yemen (1995), the First Congo War (1996-1997), the Second Sudanese Civil War (1996-1998), the Eritrea-Ethiopia War (1998-2000), the Djiboutian-Eritrean border conflict (2008), and the Tigray War (2020-2022) (2022)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

2
africa/et.json
View file

@ -1320,7 +1320,7 @@
"text": "5-10,000 Somalia (4,500 for ATMIS; the remainder under a bilateral agreement with Somalia; note - bilateral figures are prior to the conflict with Tigray); 250 Sudan (UNISFA); 1,475 South Sudan (UNMISS) (2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "each of the nine states has a regional and/or a \"special\" paramilitary security forces that report to regional civilian authorities and operate separately from federal forces; local militias operate across the country in loose and varying coordination with these regional security and police forces, the Ethiopian Federal Police, and the Ethiopian military<br><br>since November 2020, the Government of Ethiopia has been engaged in a protracted military conflict with the Tigray People’s Liberation Front (TPLF), the former governing party of the Tigray Region; the government deemed a TPLF attack on Ethiopia military forces as a domestic terrorism incident and launched a military offensive in response; the TPLF asserted that its actions were self-defense in the face of planned Ethiopian Government action to remove it from the provincial government; the Ethiopian Government sent large elements of the ENDF into Tigray to remove the TPLF and invited militia and paramilitary forces from the states of Afar and Amara, as well as the military forces of Eritrea, to assist; the fighting included heavy civilian and military casualties with widespread abuses reported; in March 2022, the Ethiopian Government declared a  truce to facilitate the flow of humanitarian aid into the Tigray region; the TPLF reciprocated with a truce of its own; however, fighting between the TPLF and the Ethiopian Government resumed in August 2022<br><br>the military forces of the Tigray regional government are known as the Tigray Defense Force (TDF); the TDF is comprised of state paramilitary forces, local militia, and troops that defected from the ENDF; it was reported to have up to 250,000 fighters at the start of the conflict<br><br>in 2022, the ENDF was also engaged in counterinsurgency operations against anti-government militants in several other states; the largest was in Oromya (Oromia) against the Oromo Liberation Army (OLA; aka Shene), an insurgent group that claimed to be fighting for greater autonomy for the Oromo, Ethiopia's largest ethnic group; the OLA was a member of a coalition of eight anti-government factions known as the United Front of Ethiopia and Confederalist Forces (UFEFCF); formed in 2021, the UFEFCF included the TPLF, as well as rebel groups of variable sizes from several regions of the country; the OLA has also clashed with ethnic militias (aka Fano) from the neighboring state of Amara<br><br>in July 2022, militants from the Somalia-based terrorist group al-Shabaab launched an incursion into Ethiopia's Somali (Sumale) region, attacking villages and security forces; the Ethiopian Government claimed that regional security forces killed hundreds of Shabaab fighters and subsequently deployed additional ENDF troops into Somalia’s Gedo region to prevent further such incursions (2022)"
"text": "each of the states have regional and/or a \"special\" paramilitary security and police forces that report to regional civilian authorities and operate separately from federal forces; local militias operate across the country in loose and varying coordination with these regional security and police forces, the Ethiopian Federal Police, and the Ethiopian military<br><br>since November 2020, the Government of Ethiopia has been engaged in a protracted military conflict with the Tigray People’s Liberation Front (TPLF), the former governing party of the Tigray Region; the government deemed a TPLF attack on Ethiopia military forces as a domestic terrorism incident and launched a military offensive in response; the TPLF asserted that its actions were self-defense in the face of planned Ethiopian Government action to remove it from the provincial government; the Ethiopian Government sent large elements of the ENDF into Tigray to remove the TPLF and invited militia and paramilitary forces from the states of Afar and Amara, as well as the military forces of Eritrea, to assist; the fighting included heavy civilian and military casualties with widespread abuses reported; in March 2022, the Ethiopian Government declared a  truce to facilitate the flow of humanitarian aid into the Tigray region; the TPLF reciprocated with a truce of its own; however, fighting between the TPLF and the Ethiopian Government resumed in August 2022<br><br>the military forces of the Tigray regional government are known as the Tigray Defense Force (TDF); the TDF is comprised of state paramilitary forces, local militia, and troops that defected from the ENDF; it was reported to have up to 250,000 fighters at the start of the conflict<br><br>in 2022, the ENDF was also engaged in counterinsurgency operations against anti-government militants in several other states; the largest was in Oromya (Oromia) against the Oromo Liberation Army (OLA; aka Shene), an insurgent group that claimed to be fighting for greater autonomy for the Oromo, Ethiopia's largest ethnic group; the OLA was a member of a coalition of eight anti-government factions known as the United Front of Ethiopia and Confederalist Forces (UFEFCF); formed in 2021, the UFEFCF included the TPLF, as well as rebel groups of variable sizes from several regions of the country; the OLA has also clashed with ethnic militias (aka Fano) from the neighboring state of Amara<br><br>in July 2022, militants from the Somalia-based terrorist group al-Shabaab launched an incursion into Ethiopia's Somali (Sumale) region, attacking villages and security forces; the Ethiopian Government claimed that regional security forces killed hundreds of Shabaab fighters and subsequently deployed additional ENDF troops into Somalia’s Gedo region to prevent further such incursions (2022)"
}
},
"Terrorism": {

14
africa/ke.json
View file

@ -617,10 +617,10 @@
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Uhuru KENYATTA (since 9 April 2013); Deputy President William RUTO (since 9 April 2013); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government"
"text": "President William RUTO (since 13 September 2022); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government"
},
"head of government": {
"text": "President Uhuru KENYATTA (since 9 April 2013); Deputy President William RUTO (since 9 April 2013); note - position of the prime minister was abolished after the March 2013 elections"
"text": "President William RUTO (since 13 September 2022)"
},
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet appointed by the president, subject to confirmation by the National Assembly"
@ -629,18 +629,18 @@
"text": "president and deputy president directly elected on the same ballot by qualified majority popular vote for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); in addition to receiving an absolute majority popular vote, the presidential candidate must also win at least 25% of the votes cast in at least 24 of the 47 counties to avoid a runoff; election last held on 26 October 2017 (next to be held on 9 August 2022)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<em>2017</em>: Uhuru KENYATTA reelected president; percent of vote - Uhuru KENYATTA (Jubilee Party) 98.3%, Raila ODINGA (ODM) 1%, other 0.7%; note - Kenya held a previous presidential election on 8 August 2017, but Kenya's Supreme Court on 1 September 2017 nullified the results, citing irregularities; the political opposition boycotted the October vote<br><br><em>2013</em>:  Uhuru KENYATTA elected president in first round; percent of vote - Uhuru KENYATTA (TNA) 50.1%, Raila ODINGA (ODM) 43.7%, Musalia MUDAVADI (UDF) 4.0%, other 2.2% "
"text": "<em>2017</em>: Uhuru KENYATTA reelected president; percent of vote - Uhuru KENYATTA (Jubilee Party) 98.3%, Raila ODINGA (ODM) 1%, other 0.7%; note - Kenya held a previous presidential election on 8 August 2017, but Kenya's Supreme Court on 1 September 2017 nullified the results, citing irregularities; the political opposition boycotted the October vote<br><br><em>2013</em>:  Uhuru KENYATTA elected president in first round; percent of vote - Uhuru KENYATTA (TNA) 50.1%, Raila ODINGA (ODM) 43.7%, Musalia MUDAVADI (UDF) 4.0%, other 2.2%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>Senate (68 seats; 47 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote and 20 directly elected by proportional representation vote - 16 women, 2 representing youth, 2 representing the disabled, and the Senate speaker; members serve 5-year terms)<br>National Assembly (350 seats; 290 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote, 47 women in single-seat constituencies elected by simple majority vote, and 12 members nominated by the National Assembly - 6 representing youth and 6 representing the disabled, and the Assembly speaker; members serve 5-year terms)"
"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>Senate (68 seats; 47 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote and 20 directly elected by proportional representation vote - 16 women, 2 representing youth, 2 representing the disabled, and one Senate speaker; members serve 5-year terms)<br>National Assembly (350 seats; 290 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote, 47 women in single-seat constituencies elected by simple majority vote, and 12 members nominated by the National Assembly - 6 representing youth and 6 representing the disabled, and one Assembly speaker; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "Senate - last held on 8 August 2017 (next to be held in August 2022)<br>National Assembly - last held on 8 August 2017 (next to be held on 9 August 2022)"
"text": "Senate - last held on 9 August 2022 (next to be held in August 2027)<br>National Assembly - last held on 9 August 2022 (next to be held in August 2027)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Senate - percent of vote by party/coalition - NA; seats by party/coalition - Jubilee Party 24; National Super Alliance 28, other 14, independent 1; composition - men 46, women 22, percent of women is 32.4%<br><br>National Assembly - percent of vote by party/coalition - NA; seats by party/coalition - Jubilee Party 165, National Super Alliance 119, other 51, independent 13; composition - men 275, women 75, percent of women 21.4%; note - total Parliament percent of women 23%"
"text": "Senate - percent of vote by party/coalition - NA; seats by party/coalition - Kenya Kwanza 34; Azimio La Umoja 33; composition - men 47, women 21, percent of women is 31%<br><br>National Assembly - percent of vote by party/coalition - NA; seats by party/coalition - Azimio La Umoja 173, Kenya Kwanza 161, independent 12, other 3; composition - men 275, women 75, percent of women 21.4%; note - total Parliament percent of women 23%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
@ -655,7 +655,7 @@
}
},
"Political parties and leaders": {
"text": "Assembly Parties:<br>Amani National Congress or ANC [Musalia MUDAVADI]<br>Federal Party of Kenya or FPK [Cyrus JIRONGA]<br>Forum for the Restoration of Democracy-Kenya or FORD-K [Moses WETANGULA] merged into Jubilee Party in 2016<br>Forum for the Restoration of Democracy-People or FORD-P (merged into Jubilee Party in 2016)<br>Jubilee Party [Uhuru KENYATTA]<br>Kenya African National Union or KANU [Gideon MOI]<br>National Rainbow Coalition or NARC [Charity NGILU]<br>Orange Democratic Movement Party of Kenya or ODM [Raila ODINGA]<br>Wiper Democratic Movement-K or WDM-K (formerly Orange Democratic Movement-Kenya or ODM-K) [Kalonzo MUSYOKA]"
"text": "<p>Azimio La Umoja–One Kenya Coalition Party [Raila ODINGA] (includes DAP-K, JP, KANU, KUP, MCC, MDG, ODM, PAA, UDM, UDP, UPA, UPIA, and WDM-K)<br>Amani National Congress or ANC [Musalia MUDAVADI]<br>Chama Cha Kazi or CCK [Moses KURIA]<br>Democratic Action Party or DAP-K [Wafula WAMUNYINYI]<br>Democratic Party or DP [Joseph MUNYAO, Chairman]<br>Forum for the Restoration of Democracy–Kenya or FORD-Kenya  [Moses WETANGULA]<br>Grand Dream Development Party or GDDP [Fabian KYULE]           <br>Independents  <br>Jubilee Party or JP [Uhuru KENYATTA]<br>Kenya African National Union or KANU [Gideon MOI]<br>Kenya Kwanza coalition [William RUTO] (includes ANC, CCK, DP, FORD-Kenya, TSP, and UDA)<br>Kenya Union Party or KUP [John LONYANGAPUO]<br>Maendeleo Chap Chap Party or MCC [Alfred MUTUA]<br>Movement for Democracy and Growth or MDG [David OCHIENG]<br>National Agenda Party or NAP-K [Alfayo AGUFANA]                        <br>National Ordinary People Empowerment Union or NOPEU [Rodgers MPURU, Secretary General}<br>Orange Democratic Movement or ODM [Raila ODINGA]<br>Pamoja African Alliance or PAA [Amason KINGI]<br>The Service Party or TSP [Mwangi KIUNJURI]<br>United Democratic Alliance or UDA [William RUTO]<br>United Democratic Movement or UDM [Philip MURGOR]<br>United Democratic Party or UDP [Cyrus Jirongo]                                                <br>United Party of Independent Alliance or UPIA [Ukur YATANI]                                      <br>United Progressive Alliance or UPA [Kenneth NYAMWAMU]                                        <br>Wiper Democratic Movement-Kenya or WDM-K [Kalonzo MUSYOKA]   <br><br><strong>note:</strong> only parties with seats in the National Assembly and Senate included             </p>"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ACP, AfDB, AU, C, CD, COMESA, EAC, EADB, FAO, G-15, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCT, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINUSMA, MONUSCO, NAM, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNISFA, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNSOM, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WMO, WTO"

2
africa/li.json
View file

@ -545,7 +545,7 @@
"text": "UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"etymology": {
"text": "named after James Monroe (1758-1831), the fifth president of the United States and supporter of the colonization of Liberia by freed slaves; one of two national capitals named for a US president, the other is Washington, D.C."
"text": "named after James MONROE (1758-1831), the fifth president of the United States and supporter of the colonization of Liberia by freed slaves; one of two national capitals named for a US president, the other is Washington, D.C."
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {

2
africa/ma.json
View file

@ -560,7 +560,7 @@
"text": "UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"etymology": {
"text": "the name, which means \"City of the Thousand,\" was bestowed by 17th century King Adrianjakaking to honor the soldiers assigned to guard the city"
"text": "the name, which means \"City of the Thousand,\" was bestowed by 17th century King ADRIANJAKAKING to honor the soldiers assigned to guard the city"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {

6
africa/mo.json
View file

@ -1272,8 +1272,8 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Royal Armed Forces: Royal Moroccan Army (includes the Moroccan Royal Guard), Royal Moroccan Navy (includes Coast Guard, marines), Royal Moroccan Air Force; Ministry of Defense (aka Administration of National Defense): Royal Moroccan Gendarmerie; Ministry of Interior: National Police, Auxiliary Forces  (2022)",
"note": "<strong>note 1: </strong>the National Police manages internal law enforcement in cities; the Royal Gendarmerie is responsible for law enforcement in rural regions and on national highways<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> the Auxiliary Forces provide support to the Gendarmerie and National Police; it includes a Mobile Intervention Corps, a motorized paramilitary security force that supplements the military and the police as needed <br><br> "
"text": "Royal Armed Forces: Royal Moroccan Army (includes the Moroccan Royal Guard), Royal Moroccan Navy (includes Coast Guard, marines), Royal Moroccan Air Force; Ministry of Defense (aka Administration of National Defense): Royal Moroccan Gendarmerie; Ministry of Interior: National Police, Auxiliary Forces (2022)",
"note": "<strong>note 1: </strong>the National Police manages internal law enforcement in cities; the Royal Gendarmerie is responsible for law enforcement in rural regions and on national highways<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> the Auxiliary Forces provide support to the Gendarmerie and National Police; it includes a Mobile Intervention Corps, a motorized paramilitary security force that supplements the military and the police as needed<br><br><strong>note 3: </strong>the Moroccan Royal Guard was established in the 11th century and is considered one of the world's oldest active units still in military service <br><br> "
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2021": {
@ -1305,7 +1305,7 @@
"text": "775 Central African Republic (MINUSCA); 925 Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO) (May 2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>Moroccan military forces were engaged in combat operations against the Polisario Front (aka Frente Popular para la Liberación de Saguia el-Hamra y de Río de Oro or Frente Polisario) from 1975 until a UN-brokered cease-fire in 1991; a 2,500-kilometer long sand berm, built in 1987, separates the forces of Morocco and the Polisario Front<br><br>the UN Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO) was established by Security Council resolution 690 in April 1991 in accordance with settlement proposals accepted in August 1988 by Morocco and the Polisario Front; MINURSO was unable to carry out all the original settlement proposals, but as of 2022 continued to monitor the cease-fire and reduce the threat of mines and unexploded ordnance, and has provided logistic support to the Office of the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)-led confidence building measures with personnel and air and ground assets<br><br>Morocco has Major Non-NATO Ally (MNNA) status with the US; MNNA is a designation under US law that provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense trade and security cooperation; while MNNA status provides military and economic privileges, it does not entail any security commitments</p>"
"text": "Moroccan military forces were engaged in combat operations against the Polisario Front (aka Frente Popular para la Liberación de Saguia el-Hamra y de Río de Oro or Frente Polisario) from 1975 until a UN-brokered cease-fire in 1991; a 2,500-kilometer long sand berm, built in 1987, separates the forces of Morocco and the Polisario Front<br><br>the UN Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO) was established by Security Council resolution 690 in April 1991 in accordance with settlement proposals accepted in August 1988 by Morocco and the Polisario Front; MINURSO was unable to carry out all the original settlement proposals, but as of 2022 continued to monitor the cease-fire and reduce the threat of mines and unexploded ordnance, and has provided logistic support to the Office of the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)-led confidence building measures with personnel and air and ground assets<br><br>Morocco has Major Non-NATO Ally (MNNA) status with the US; MNNA is a designation under US law that provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense trade and security cooperation; while MNNA status provides military and economic privileges, it does not entail any security commitments (2022)"
}
},
"Terrorism": {

2
africa/mp.json
View file

@ -498,7 +498,7 @@
"text": "UTC+4 (9 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"etymology": {
"text": "named after Louis XV, who was king of France in 1736 when the port became the administrative center of Mauritius&nbsp;and a major reprovisioning stop for French ships traveling between Europe and Asia"
"text": "named after LOUIS XV, who was king of France in 1736 when the port became the administrative center of Mauritius and a major reprovisioning stop for French ships traveling between Europe and Asia"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {

6
africa/od.json
View file

@ -1072,14 +1072,14 @@
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>some active SSPDF personnel may be militia; the National/Necessary Unified Forces (NUF) will have about 50-80,000 troops from the SSPDF and armed opposition groups when it is formed; as of August 2022, approximately 20,000 NUF had been trained"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the SSPDF inventory is primarily of Soviet origin; from 2010 to 2015, Russia and the United Arab Emirates were the leading suppliers of arms and equipment; South Sudan has been under a UN arms embargo since 2018 (2022)"
"text": "the SSPDF inventory is primarily of Soviet origin; South Sudan has been under a UN arms embargo since 2018 (2022)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18 is the legal minimum age for compulsory (men) and voluntary (men and women) military service; 12-24 months service (2022)",
"text": "18 is the legal minimum age for compulsory and voluntary military service; conscription only for men; women may volunteer; 12-24 months service (2022)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> in 2019, women made up less than 10% of the active military"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the South Sudan People’s Defense Force (SSPDF), formerly the Sudan People’s Liberation Army (SPLA), was founded as a guerrilla movement against the Sudanese Government in 1983 and participated in the Second Sudanese Civil War (1983-2005); the Juba Declaration that followed the Comprehensive Peace Agreement of 2005 unified the SPLA and the South Sudan Defense Forces (SSDF), the second-largest rebel militia remaining from the civil war, under the SPLA name; in 2017, the SPLA was renamed the South Sudan Defense Forces (SSDF) and in September 2018 was renamed again as the SSPDF<br><br>under the September 2018 peace agreement, all armed groups in South Sudan were to assemble at designated sites where fighters could be either disarmed and demobilized, or integrated into unified military and police forces; the unified forces were then to be retrained and deployed prior to the formation of a national unity government; all fighters were ordered to these sites in July 2019; some progress toward merging the various armed forces into a national army has been made; for example, in 2020, South Sudan announced that it was graduating some unified forces at various training centers across the country, and that same year the SSPDF incorporated some senior officers from the main opposition force, the Sudan People's Liberation Movement Army - in Opposition (SPLM/A-IO) into its rank structure; nevertheless, overall progress has been limited, and as of early 2022, formation of the National Unified Forces was still pending<br><br>the United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) has operated in the country since 2011 with the objectives of consolidating peace and security and helping establish conditions for the successful economic and political development of South Sudan; UNMISS had about 15,000 personnel deployed in the country as of mid-2022<br><br>United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) has operated in the disputed Abyei region along the border between Sudan and South Sudan since 2011; UNISFA's mission includes ensuring security, protecting civilians, strengthening the capacity of the Abyei Police Service, de-mining, monitoring/verifying the redeployment of armed forces from the area, and facilitating the flow of humanitarian aid; as of mid-2022, UNISFA had approximately 2,000 personnel deployed"
"text": "the South Sudan People’s Defense Force (SSPDF), formerly the Sudan People’s Liberation Army (SPLA), was founded as a guerrilla movement against the Sudanese Government in 1983 and participated in the Second Sudanese Civil War (1983-2005); the Juba Declaration that followed the Comprehensive Peace Agreement of 2005 unified the SPLA and the South Sudan Defense Forces (SSDF), the second-largest rebel militia remaining from the civil war, under the SPLA name; in 2017, the SPLA was renamed the South Sudan Defense Forces (SSDF) and in September 2018 was renamed again as the SSPDF<br><br>the United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) has operated in the country since 2011 with the objectives of consolidating peace and security and helping establish conditions for the successful economic and political development of South Sudan; UNMISS had about 15,000 personnel deployed in the country as of mid-2022<br><br>United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) has operated in the disputed Abyei region along the border between Sudan and South Sudan since 2011; UNISFA's mission includes ensuring security, protecting civilians, strengthening the capacity of the Abyei Police Service, de-mining, monitoring/verifying the redeployment of armed forces from the area, and facilitating the flow of humanitarian aid; as of mid-2022, UNISFA had approximately 2,000 personnel deployed"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

2
africa/rw.json
View file

@ -1237,7 +1237,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "76,530 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) 48,352 (Burundi) (2022)"
"text": "76,530 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) 48,349 (Burundi) (2022)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "9,500 (mid-year 2021)"

4
africa/se.json
View file

@ -494,7 +494,7 @@
"text": "UTC+4 (9 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"etymology": {
"text": "founded as L'etablissement in 1778 by French colonists, the town was renamed in 1841 by the British after Queen Victoria (1819-1901); \"victoria\" is the Latin word for \"victory\""
"text": "founded as L'etablissement in 1778 by French colonists, the town was renamed in 1841 by the British after Queen VICTORIA (1819-1901); \"victoria\" is the Latin word for \"victory\""
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
@ -1165,7 +1165,7 @@
"text": "approximately 500 personnel (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the SDF's inventory primarily consists of Soviet-era equipment delivered in the 1970s and 1980s; since 2010, the SDF has received limited amounts of more modern equipment (mostly donations of patrol boats and aircraft) from several suppliers led by China and India (2022)"
"text": "the SDF's inventory primarily consists of Soviet-era equipment delivered in the 1970s and 1980s; since 2010, the SDF has received limited amounts of more modern equipment, mostly donations of patrol boats and aircraft, from several suppliers led by China and India (2022)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-28 (18-25 for officers) years of age for voluntary military service for men and women; 6-year initial commitment; no conscription (2022)"

9
africa/sf.json
View file

@ -1275,7 +1275,8 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "South African National Defense Force (SANDF): South African Army (includes Reserve Force), South African Navy (SAN), South African Air Force (SAAF), South African Military Health Services<br><br>the South African Police Service includes a Special Task Force for counterterrorism, counterinsurgency, and hostage rescue operations (2022)"
"text": "South African National Defense Force (SANDF): South African Army (includes Reserve Force), South African Navy (SAN), South African Air Force (SAAF), South African Military Health Services; Ministry of Police: South African Police Service (2022)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the South African Police Service includes a Special Task Force for counterterrorism, counterinsurgency, and hostage rescue operations"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2021": {
@ -1295,10 +1296,10 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 75,000 personnel (40,000 Army; 7,000 Navy; 10,000 Air Force; 8,000 Military Health Service; 10,000 other, including administrative, logistics, military police); 180,000 South African Police Service (2022)"
"text": "approximately 75,000 active duty personnel (40,000 Army; 7,000 Navy; 10,000 Air Force; 8,000 Military Health Service; 10,000 other, including administrative, logistics, military police); 180,000 South African Police Service (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the SANDF's inventory consists of a mix of domestically-produced and foreign-supplied equipment; South Africa's domestic defense industry produced most of the Army's major weapons systems (some were jointly-produced with foreign companies), while the Air Force and Navy inventories include a mix of European-, Israeli-, and US-origin weapons systems; since 2010, Sweden is the largest supplier of weapons to the SANDF (2021)"
"text": "the SANDF's inventory consists of a mix of domestically-produced and foreign-supplied equipment; South Africa's domestic defense industry produced most of the Army's major weapons systems (some were jointly-produced with foreign companies), while the Air Force and Navy inventories include a mix of European-, Israeli-, and US-origin weapons systems; since 2010, Sweden has been the largest supplier of weapons to the SANDF (2021)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-26 years of age for voluntary military service; women are eligible to serve in noncombat roles; 2-year service obligation (2021)",
@ -1308,7 +1309,7 @@
"text": "1,150 Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO); up to 1,500 Mozambique (part of a Southern African Development Community force to help quell an insurgency) (2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the SANDF was created in 1994 to replace the South African Defense Force (SADF); the SANDF was opened to all South Africans who met military requirements, while the SADF was a mostly white force (only whites were subject to conscription) with non-whites only allowed to join in a voluntary capacity; the SANDF also absorbed members of the guerrilla and militia forces of the various anti-apartheid opposition groups, including the African National Congress, the Pan Africanist Congress, and the Inkatha Freedom Party, as well as the security forces of the formerly independent Bantustan homelands; the SANDF is one of Africa&rsquo;s most capable militaries; it participated regularly in African and UN peacekeeping missions and had the ability to independently deploy throughout Africa; over the past decade, however, its operational readiness and modernization programs have been hampered by funding shortfalls (2022)"
"text": "the SANDF was created in 1994 to replace the South African Defense Force (SADF); the SANDF was opened to all South Africans who met military requirements, while the SADF was a mostly white force (only whites were subject to conscription) with non-whites only allowed to join in a voluntary capacity; the SANDF also absorbed members of the guerrilla and militia forces of the various anti-apartheid opposition groups, including the African National Congress, the Pan Africanist Congress, and the Inkatha Freedom Party, as well as the security forces of the formerly independent Bantustan homelands; the SANDF is one of Africa&rsquo;s most capable militaries; over the past decade, however, its operational readiness and modernization programs have been hampered by funding shortfalls; it participates regularly in African and UN peacekeeping missions and has the ability to independently deploy throughout Africa (2022)"
}
},
"Terrorism": {

6
africa/sg.json
View file

@ -631,7 +631,7 @@
"text": "President Macky SALL (since 2 April 2012)"
},
"head of government": {
"text": "0n 11 December 2021, the National Assembly approved a constitutional amendment re-establishing the position of Prime Minister which SALL eliminated after his re-election in 2019; the new Prime Minister will be appointed in early 2022."
"text": "Prime Minister Amadou BA (since 17 September 2022)<br>"
},
"cabinet": {
"text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president"
@ -1265,7 +1265,7 @@
"text": "1.7% of GDP (2021 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
"text": "1.5% of GDP (2020 est.)"
"text": "1.5% of GDP (2020)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
"text": "1.5% of GDP (2019 est.) (approximately $490 million)"
@ -1281,7 +1281,7 @@
"text": "approximately 19,000 active personnel (12,000 Army; 1,000 Navy/Coast Guard; 1,000 Air Force; 5,000 National Gendarmerie) (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the FAS inventory includes mostly older or second-hand equipment from a variety of countries, including France, South Africa, and Russia/former Soviet Union; in recent years, the FAS has undertaken a modernization program; since 2010, it has received newer equipment from nearly 15 countries, with France as the leading supplier (2022)"
"text": "the FAS inventory includes mostly older or second-hand equipment from a variety of countries, including France, South Africa, and Russia/former Soviet Union; in recent years, the FAS has undertaken a modernization program; since 2010, it has received small amounts of newer equipment from more than 10 countries, with France as the leading supplier (2022)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18 years of age for voluntary military service for men and women; 20 years of age for selective conscript service; 2-year service obligation; women have been accepted into military service since 2008 (2022)"

2
africa/sh.json
View file

@ -382,7 +382,7 @@
"text": "UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"etymology": {
"text": "founded in 1659 and named after James, Duke of York, who would become King James II of England (r. 1785-1788)"
"text": "founded in 1659 and named after James, Duke of York, who would become King JAMES II of England (r. 1785-1788)"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {

4
africa/sl.json
View file

@ -1186,7 +1186,7 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Republic of Sierra Leone Armed Forces (RSLAF): operates under a Joint Force Command with Land Forces, Maritime Forces, and an Air Wing (2022)"
"text": "Republic of Sierra Leone Armed Forces (RSLAF): operates under a Joint Force Command with Land Forces, Maritime Forces, and an Air Wing; Ministry of Internal Affairs: Sierre Leone Police (2022)"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2021": {
@ -1209,7 +1209,7 @@
"text": "approximately 9,000 personnel, mostly ground forces (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the RSLAF's small inventory includes a mix of Soviet-origin and other older foreign-supplied equipment; since 2010, it has received limited quantities of material (mostly donations of second-hand equipment) from China and South Africa (2022)"
"text": "the RSLAF has a small inventory that includes a mix of Soviet-origin and other older foreign-supplied equipment; it has received limited amounts of mostly donations and second-hand equipment since 2010 (2022)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-29 for voluntary military service; women are eligible to serve; no conscription (2022)"

10
africa/so.json
View file

@ -1114,8 +1114,8 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Ministry of Defense: Somali National Army (SNA); Ministry of Internal Security: Somali National Police (SNP, includes a maritime unit and a Turkish-trained commando unit known as Harmacad, or Cheetah) (2022)",
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> Somalia has numerous militia and regional forces operating throughout the country; these forces include ones that are clan- and warlord-based, semi-official paramilitary and special police forces (aka <em>darwish</em>), and externally-sponsored militias; the SNA is attempting to incorporate some of these militia units<br><br><strong>note 2: </strong>Somaliland has army and naval forces under the Somaliland Ministry of Defense and Armed Forces"
"text": "Ministry of Defense: Somali National Army (SNA); Ministry of Internal Security: Somali National Police (SNP, includes a maritime unit and a Turkish-trained commando unit known as Harmacad, or Cheetah); National Security and Intelligence Agency (includes a commando/counterterrorism unit) (2022)",
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> Somalia has numerous militia and regional forces operating throughout the country; these forces include ones that are clan- and warlord-based, semi-official paramilitary and special police forces (aka darwish), and externally-sponsored militias; the SNA is attempting to incorporate some of these militia units<br><br><strong>note 2: </strong>Somaliland has army and naval forces under the Somaliland Ministry of Defense and Armed Forces"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
@ -1135,17 +1135,17 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "estimates vary widely due to inconsistent data and ongoing efforts to integrate various militias; estimated 10-20,000 active duty SNA personnel (2022)",
"text": "estimates vary widely due to inconsistent data and ongoing efforts to integrate various militias; up to 20,000 active duty SNA personnel (2022)",
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> in 2017, the Somali Government announced a plan for the SNA to eventually number about 18,000 troops; the same plan called for 32,000 federal and regional police<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> as of 2021, there were up to 50,000 militia forces were estimated to be operating in the country"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the SNA is lightly armed with an inventory that includes a variety of older, second-hand equipment largely from Italy, Russia, South Africa, and the UK; since 2015, it has received small quantities of second-hand equipment from up to 10 different countries, usually as aid/donations (2021)"
"text": "the SNA is lightly armed with an inventory that includes a variety of older, second-hand equipment largely from Italy, Russia, South Africa, and the UK; since 2015, it has received small quantities of second-hand equipment from a variety of countries, usually as aid/donations (2021)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18 is the legal minimum age for compulsory and voluntary military service; conscription is authorized but not currently utilized (2021)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>as of 2022, large parts of southern and central Somalia remained outside government control and under the control of the insurgent Islamist group al-Shabaab (see Appendix T)<br><br>as of 2022, a significant portion of the SNA was comprised of militia forces that lacked the discipline, structure, weapons, and overall capabilities for effective military operations; of the SNA’s approximately 13 brigades, the most effective were assessed to be the US-trained Danab (\"Lightning\") Advanced Infantry Brigade and those of the Turkish-trained Gorgor (\"Eagle\") Special Division; in 2020-2021, the Danab Brigade conducted most of the SNA’s offensive operations in Somalia and nearly all counterterrorism operations against the al-Shabaab terrorist group; as of 2022, it numbered about 1,500 troops with an eventual projected strength of 3,000, while the Gorgor Division was estimated to have 4,500-5,000 trained troops</p> the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) operated in the country with the approval of the UN from 2007-2022; its peacekeeping mission included assisting Somali forces in providing security for a stable political process, enabling the gradual handing over of security responsibilities from AMISOM to the Somali security forces, and reducing the threat posed by al-Shabaab and other armed opposition groups; in May 2022, AMISOM was reconfigured and replaced with the AU Transition Mission in Somalia (ATMIS); the ATMIS mission is to support the Somalia Federal Government (FGS) in implementing the security objectives of the FGS's security transition plan, a comprehensive strategy developed by the FGS and its international partners in 2018 (updated in 2021) to gradually transfer security responsibilities from ATMIS to Somali security forces; ATMIS is projected to gradually reduce staffing from its 2022 level of about 20,000 personnel (civilians, military, and police) to zero by the end of 2024 <br><br>UN Assistance Mission in Somalia (UNSOM; established 2013) is mandated by the Security Council to work with the FGS to support national reconciliation, provide advice on peace-building and state-building, monitor the human rights situation, and help coordinate the efforts of the international community<br><br>the UN Support Office in Somalia (UNSOS; established 2015) is responsible for providing logistical field support to AMISOM, UNSOM, the Somali National Army, and the Somali Police Force on joint operations with AMISOM<br><br>the European Union Training Mission in Somalia (EUTM-S) has operated in the country since 2010; the EUTM provides advice and training to the Somali military; the US and Turkey maintain separate military training missions in Somalia; the UAE also maintains a military presence in Somalia (Somaliland)"
"text": "as of 2022, the Somali National Army (SNA) and supporting security and militia forces were actively conducting operations against the al-Shabaab terrorist group (see Appendix T); al-Shabaab controlled large parts of southern and central Somalia <br><br>as of 2022, a significant portion of the SNA was comprised of militia forces that were assessed to lack the discipline, structure, weapons, and overall capabilities for effective military operations; of the SNA’s approximately 13 brigades, the most effective were assessed to be the US-trained Danab (\"Lightning\") Advanced Infantry Brigade and those of the Turkish-trained Gorgor (\"Eagle\") Special Division; as of 2022, the Danab Brigade numbered about 1,500 troops with an eventual projected strength of 3,000, while the Gorgor Division was estimated to have 4,500-5,000 trained troops<br><br>the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) operated in the country with the approval of the UN from 2007-2022; its peacekeeping mission included assisting Somali forces in providing security for a stable political process, enabling the gradual handing over of security responsibilities from AMISOM to the Somali security forces, and reducing the threat posed by al-Shabaab and other armed opposition groups; in April 2022, AMISOM was reconfigured and replaced with the AU Transition Mission in Somalia (ATMIS); the ATMIS mission is to support the Somalia Federal Government (FGS) in implementing the security objectives of the FGS's security transition plan, a comprehensive strategy developed by the FGS and its international partners in 2018 and updated in 2021 to gradually transfer security responsibilities from ATMIS to Somali security forces; ATMIS is projected to gradually reduce staffing from its 2022 level of about 20,000 personnel (civilians, military, and police) to zero by the end of 2024 <br><br>UN Assistance Mission in Somalia (UNSOM; established 2013) is mandated by the Security Council to work with the FGS to support national reconciliation, provide advice on peace-building and state-building, monitor the human rights situation, and help coordinate the efforts of the international community; the UN Support Office in Somalia (UNSOS; established 2015) is responsible for providing logistical field support to ATMIS, UNSOM, and the Somali security forces on joint operations with ATMIS<br><br>the European Union Training Mission in Somalia (EUTM-S) has operated in the country since 2010; the EUTM provides advice and training to the Somali military; the US, UK, and Turkey maintain separate military training missions in Somalia (the US has also supported the SNA with air strikes); the UAE maintains a military presence in Somaliland (2022)"
},
"Maritime threats": {
"text": "<p>the International Maritime Bureau’s (IMB) Piracy Reporting Center (PRC) received one incident of piracy and armed robbery in 2021 for the Horn of Africa; while there were no recorded incidents, the IMB PRC warns that Somalia pirates continue to possess the capacity to carry out attacks in the Somali basin and wider Indian Ocean; in particular, the report warns that, \"Masters and crew must remain vigilant and cautious when transiting these waters.\"; the presence of several naval task forces in the Gulf of Aden and additional anti-piracy measures on the part of ship operators, including the use of on-board armed security teams, contributed to the drop in incidents; the EU naval mission, Operation ATALANTA, continues its operations in the Gulf of Aden and Indian Ocean through 2022; naval units from China, India, Japan, Pakistan, South Korea, the US, and other countries also operate in conjunction with EU forces; China has established a logistical base in Djibouti to support its deployed naval units in the Horn of Africa</p>"

8
africa/su.json
View file

@ -1262,14 +1262,14 @@
"text": "the SAF's inventory includes a mix of Chinese, Russian, Soviet-era, Ukrainian, and domestically-produced weapons systems; since 2010, the leading arms providers to the SAF have been Belarus, China, Russia, and Ukraine; North Korea has also provided arms; Sudan has a domestic arms industry that manufactures ammunition, small arms, and armored vehicles, largely based on older Chinese and Russian systems (2022)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-33 years of age for male and female compulsory or voluntary military service; 1-2 year service obligation (2022)",
"note": "note - implementation of conscription is reportedly uneven"
"text": "18-33 years of age for compulsory or voluntary military service for men and women; 1-2 year service obligation (2022)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> implementation of conscription is reportedly uneven"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "Sudan joined the Saudi-led coalition that intervened in Yemen in 2015, reportedly providing as many as 40,000 troops during the peak of the war in 2016-17, mostly from the Rapid Support Forces; by 2021, Sudan had reduced the size of the force to about a brigade (approximately 2-3,000 troops) (2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>the Sudanese military has been a dominant force in the ruling of the country since its independence in 1956; in addition, the Sudanese military and security forces have a large role in the country's economy, reportedly controlling over 200 commercial companies, including businesses involved in gold mining, rubber production, agriculture, and meat exports</p> the United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) has operated in the disputed Abyei region along the border between Sudan and South Sudan since 2011; UNISFA's mission includes ensuring security, protecting civilians, strengthening the capacity of the Abyei Police Service, de-mining, monitoring/verifying the redeployment of armed forces from the area, and facilitating the flow of humanitarian aid; UNISFA had about 2,000 personnel deployed as of mid-2022<br><br>in addition, the United Nations African Union Hybrid Operation in Darfur (UNAMID) operated in the war-torn Darfur region between 2007 and the end of its mandate in July 2021; UNAMID was a joint African Union-UN peacekeeping force with the mission of bringing stability to Darfur, including protecting civilians, facilitating humanitarian assistance, and promoting mediation efforts, while peace talks on a final settlement continued; UNAMID withdrew the last of its personnel in December 2021; note - the October 2020 peace agreement provided for the establishment of a joint security force comprised of 12,000 personnel tasked with securing the Darfur region in the place of UNAMID; in June 2021, Sudan's transitional government announced it would increase the size of this force to 20,000 and expand its mission scope to include the capital and other parts of the country suffering from violence; the force would include the SAF, RSF, police, intelligence, and representatives from armed groups involved in peace negotiations (2022)"
"text": "<p>the Sudanese military has been a dominant force in the ruling of the country since its independence in 1956; in addition, the Sudanese military and security forces have a large role in the country's economy, reportedly controlling over 200 commercial companies, including businesses involved in gold mining, rubber production, agriculture, and meat exports</p> the United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) has operated in the disputed Abyei region along the border between Sudan and South Sudan since 2011; UNISFA's mission includes ensuring security, protecting civilians, strengthening the capacity of the Abyei Police Service, de-mining, monitoring/verifying the redeployment of armed forces from the area, and facilitating the flow of humanitarian aid; UNISFA had about 2,000 personnel deployed as of mid-2022<br><br>in addition, the United Nations African Union Hybrid Operation in Darfur (UNAMID) operated in the war-torn Darfur region between 2007 and the end of its mandate in July 2021; UNAMID was a joint African Union-UN peacekeeping force with the mission of bringing stability to Darfur, including protecting civilians, facilitating humanitarian assistance, and promoting mediation efforts, while peace talks on a final settlement continued; UNAMID withdrew the last of its personnel in December 2021; note - the October 2020 peace agreement provided for the establishment of a Joint Security Keeping Forces (JSKF) comprised of 12,000 personnel tasked with securing the Darfur region in the place of UNAMID; in June 2021, Sudan's transitional government announced it would increase the size of this force to 20,000 and expand its mission scope to include the capital and other parts of the country suffering from violence; the force would include the SAF, RSF, police, intelligence, and representatives from armed groups involved in peace negotiations; in Sep 2022, the first 2,000 members of the JSKF completed trainingmake note of the official name (2022)"
}
},
"Terrorism": {
@ -1284,7 +1284,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "807,532 (South Sudan) (refugees and asylum seekers), 130,379 (Eritrea) (refugees and asylum seekers), 93,480 (Syria) (refugees and asylum seekers), 72,555 (Ethiopia) (refugees and asylum seekers), 24,285 (Central African Republic) (2022)"
"text": "814,071 (South Sudan) (refugees and asylum seekers), 130,379 (Eritrea) (refugees and asylum seekers), 93,480 (Syria) (refugees and asylum seekers), 72,555 (Ethiopia) (refugees and asylum seekers), 24,285 (Central African Republic) (2022)"
},
"IDPs": {
"text": "3,036,593 (civil war 1983-2005; ongoing conflict in Darfur region; government and rebel fighting along South Sudan border; inter-tribal clashes) (2022)"

4
africa/to.json
View file

@ -1262,7 +1262,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> in January 2022, the Togolese Government announced its intent to boost the size of the FAT to more than 20,000 by 2025"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the FAT's small inventory is a mix of older equipment from a variety of countries, including Brazil, France, Germany, Russia/former Soviet Union, the UK, and the US; since 2010, it has received limited amounts of equipment from China, France, South Africa, and the US (2022)"
"text": "the FAT has a small, mixed inventory of mostly older equipment from a variety of countries, including Brazil, China, France, Germany, Russia/former Soviet Union, South Africa, the UK, and the US (2022)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18 years of age for military service; 2-year service obligation; no conscription; women have been able to serve since 2007 (2022)"
@ -1271,7 +1271,7 @@
"text": "730 (plus about 300 police) Mali (MINUSMA) (May 2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the first Togolese Army unit was created in 1963, while the Air Force was established in 1964; the Navy was not established until 1976; since its creation, the Togolese military has a history of interfering in the country’s politics with assassinations, coups, influence, and a large military crackdown in 2005 that killed hundreds; over the past decade, it has made some efforts to reform and professionalize, as well as increase its role in UN peacekeeping activities; Togolese police have also been deployed on peacekeeping operations, and Togo maintains a regional peacekeeping training center for military and police in Lome; the Navy and Air Force have increasingly focused on combating piracy and smuggling in the Gulf of Guinea<br><br>in June 2022, the Togolese Government declared a state of emergency in its northern border region due to the threat from Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin (JNIM), an al-Qa'ida-affiliated terrorist coalition that is based in Mali, but also operates in neighboring Burkina Faso; the declaration followed an attack on a Togolese military post in May that killed 8 soldiers and a Togolese military operation launched the same month to boost border security and prevent terrorist infiltrations (2022)"
"text": "the first Togolese Army unit was created in 1963, while the Air Force was established in 1964; the Navy was not established until 1976; since its creation, the Togolese military has a history of interfering in the country’s politics with assassinations, coups, influence, and a large military crackdown in 2005 that killed hundreds; over the past decade, it has made some efforts to reform and professionalize, as well as increase its role in UN peacekeeping activities; Togolese police have also been deployed on peacekeeping operations, and Togo maintains a regional peacekeeping training center for military and police in Lome; the Navy and Air Force has increased focus on combating piracy and smuggling in the Gulf of Guinea <br><br>in June 2022, the Togolese Government declared a state of emergency in its northern border region due to the threat from Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin (JNIM), a coalition of al-Qa'ida-affiliated militant groups based in Mali that also operates in neighboring Burkina Faso; the declaration followed an attack on a Togolese military post in May that killed 8 soldiers and a Togolese military operation launched the same month to boost border security and prevent terrorist infiltrations (2022)"
},
"Maritime threats": {
"text": "the International Maritime Bureau reports the territorial and offshore waters in the Niger Delta and Gulf of Guinea remain a very high risk for piracy and armed robbery of ships; in 2021, there were 34 reported incidents of piracy and armed robbery at sea in the Gulf of Guinea region; although a significant decrease from the total number of 81 incidents in 2020, it included the one hijacking and three of five ships fired upon worldwide; while boarding and attempted boarding to steal valuables from ships and crews are the most common types of incidents, almost a third of all incidents involve a hijacking and/or kidnapping; in 2021, 57 crew members were kidnapped in seven separate incidents in the Gulf of Guinea, representing 100% of kidnappings worldwide; Nigerian pirates in particular are well armed and very aggressive, operating as far as 200 nm offshore; the Maritime Administration of the US Department of Transportation has issued a Maritime Advisory (2022-001 - Gulf of Guinea-Piracy/Armed Robbery/Kidnapping for Ransom) effective 4 January 2022, which states in part, \"Piracy, armed robbery, and kidnapping for ransom continue to serve as significant threats to US-flagged vessels transiting or operating in the Gulf of Guinea\""

5
africa/tp.json
View file

@ -1153,7 +1153,8 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Armed Forces of Sao Tome and Principe (Forcas Armadas de Sao Tome e Principe, FASTP): Army, Coast Guard of Sao Tome e Principe (Guarda Costeira de Sao Tome e Principe, GCSTP), Presidential Guard, National Guard (2022)"
"text": "Armed Forces of Sao Tome and Principe (Forcas Armadas de Sao Tome e Principe, FASTP): Army, Coast Guard of Sao Tome e Principe (Guarda Costeira de Sao Tome e Principe, GCSTP), Presidential Guard, National Guard (2022)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the Army and Coast Guard are responsible for external security while the public security police and judicial police maintain internal security; both the public security police and the military report to the Ministry of Defense and Internal Affairs; the judicial police report to the Ministry of Justice, Public Administration, and Human Rights"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"text": "Not available"
@ -1168,7 +1169,7 @@
"text": "18 is the legal minimum age for compulsory military service; 17 is the legal minimum age for voluntary service (2021)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>the FASTP is one of the smallest militaries in Africa and consists of only a few companies of ground troops and a few small patrol boats; as of 2021, it did not have an air force</p>"
"text": "the FASTP is one of the smallest militaries in Africa and consists of only a few companies of ground troops and a few small patrol boats (2022)"
},
"Maritime threats": {
"text": "the International Maritime Bureau reports the territorial and offshore waters in the Niger Delta and Gulf of Guinea remain a very high risk for piracy and armed robbery of ships; in 2021, there were 34 reported incidents of piracy and armed robbery at sea in the Gulf of Guinea region; although a significant decrease from the total number of 81 incidents in 2020, it included the one hijacking and three of five ships fired upon worldwide; while boarding and attempted boarding to steal valuables from ships and crews are the most common types of incidents, almost a third of all incidents involve a hijacking and/or kidnapping; in 2021, 57 crew members were kidnapped in seven separate incidents in the Gulf of Guinea, representing 100% of kidnappings worldwide; Nigerian pirates in particular are well armed and very aggressive, operating as far as 200 nm offshore; the Maritime Administration of the US Department of Transportation has issued a Maritime Advisory (2022-001 - Gulf of Guinea-Piracy/Armed Robbery/Kidnapping for Ransom) effective 4 January 2022, which states in part, \"Piracy, armed robbery, and kidnapping for ransom continue to serve as significant threats to US-flagged vessels transiting or operating in the Gulf of Guinea\""

12
africa/tz.json
View file

@ -590,7 +590,7 @@
"text": "UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"etymology": {
"text": "Dar es Salaam was the name given by Majid bin Said, the first sultan of Zanzibar, to the new city he founded on the Indian Ocean coast; the Arabic name is commonly translated as \"abode/home of peace\"; Dodoma, in the native Gogo language, means \"it has sunk\"; supposedly, one day during the rainy season, an elephant drowned in the area; the villagers in that place were so struck by what had occurred, that ever since the locale has been referred to as the place where \"it (the elephant) sunk\""
"text": "Dar es Salaam was the name given by Majid BIN SAID, the first sultan of Zanzibar, to the new city he founded on the Indian Ocean coast; the Arabic name is commonly translated as \"abode/home of peace\"; Dodoma, in the native Gogo language, means \"it has sunk\"; supposedly, one day during the rainy season, an elephant drowned in the area; the villagers in that place were so struck by what had occurred, that ever since the locale has been referred to as the place where \"it (the elephant) sunk\""
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
@ -1274,8 +1274,8 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Tanzania People's Defense Forces (TPDF or Jeshi la Wananchi la Tanzania, JWTZ): Land Forces, Naval Forces, Air Force, National Building Army (Jeshi la Kujenga Taifa, JKT), People's Militia (Reserves); Ministry of Home Affairs: Tanzania Police force (includes paramilitary Police Field Force) (2022)",
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> the National Building Army is a paramilitary organization under the Defense Forces that provides 6 months of military and vocational training to individuals as part of their 2 years of public service; after completion of training, some graduates join the regular Defense Forces while the remainder become part of the People's (or Citizen's) Militia<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> the Police Field Force (aka Field Force Unit) is a special police division with the responsibility for controlling unlawful demonstrations and riots"
"text": "Tanzania People's Defense Forces (TPDF or Jeshi la Wananchi la Tanzania, JWTZ): Land Forces, Naval Forces, Air Force, National Building Army (Jeshi la Kujenga Taifa, JKT), People's Militia (Reserves); Ministry of Home Affairs: Tanzania Police Force (2022)",
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> the National Building Army is a paramilitary organization under the Defense Forces that provides 6 months of military and vocational training to individuals as part of their 2 years of public service; after completion of training, some graduates join the regular Defense Forces while the remainder become part of the People's (or Citizen's) Militia<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> the Tanzania Police Force includes the Police Field Force (aka Field Force Unit), a special police division with the responsibility for controlling unlawful demonstrations and riots"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2021": {
@ -1298,7 +1298,7 @@
"text": "approximately 25,000 active duty personnel (21,000 Land Forces; 1,000 Naval Forces; 3,000 Air Force) (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the TPDF inventory includes mostly Soviet-era and Chinese equipment; since 2010, China has been the leading supplier of arms to the TPDF (2022)"
"text": "the TPDF's inventory includes mostly Soviet-era and Chinese equipment; since 2010, China has been the leading supplier of arms to the TPDF (2022)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-25 years of age for voluntary military service; 6-year commitment (2-year contracts afterwards); selective conscription for 2 years of public service (2022)"
@ -1307,7 +1307,7 @@
"text": "450 Central African Republic (MINUSCA); 850 Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO); 125 Lebanon (UNIFIL) (May 2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "in 2021-2022, Tanzania deployed additional troops to its border with Mozambique and contributed troops to the Southern African Development Community (SADC) intervention force that was assisting the Mozambique Government's fight against Islamic militants"
"text": "in 2021-2022, Tanzania contributed troops to the Southern African Development Community (SADC) intervention force that was assisting the Mozambique Government's fight against Islamic militants"
},
"Maritime threats": {
"text": "<p>the International Maritime Bureau reports that shipping in territorial and offshore waters in the Indian Ocean remain at risk for piracy and armed robbery against ships</p>"
@ -1325,7 +1325,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "126,971 (Burundi), 80,743 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (2022)"
"text": "126,497 (Burundi), 80,743 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (2022)"
}
},
"Trafficking in persons": {

4
africa/ug.json
View file

@ -1279,7 +1279,7 @@
"text": "6,800 Somalia (6,200 ATMIS; 625 UNSOM); 250 Equatorial Guinea (training mission) (2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>the UPDF, which is constitutionally granted seats in parliament, is widely viewed as a key constituency for MUSEVENI; it has been used by MUSEVENI and his political party to break up rallies, raid opposition offices, and surveil rival candidates<br><br>as of 2022, the UPDF was conducting operations along the border with the Democratic Republic of the Congo (including cross-border operations) against a Congo-based (and formerly based in western Uganda) Ugandan rebel group, the Allied Democratic Front (ADF), which was designated as a Foreign Terrorist Organization by the US State Department in March 2021 as the Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (ISIS-DRC; see Appendix T); in addition, elements of the UPDF were deployed in the northeast region of Karamoja against cattle rustlers and criminal gangs</p> <p>beginning in 2012, the UPDF led regional efforts to pursue the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA), a small, violent group of Ugandan origin that conducted widespread attacks against civilians in much of Central Africa; the UPDF withdrew from the mission in 2017 after declaring that the LRA no longer posed a security threat</p> <p>Uganda intervened in the South Sudan civil war in 2013-2016 and UPDF forces have clashed with South Sudanese forces along the border as recently as 2020<br><br>the military traces its history back to the formation of the Uganda Rifles in 1895; the Uganda Rifles were merged with the Central Africa Regiment and the East Africa Rifles to form the King’s African Rifles (“KAR”) in 1902, which participated in both world wars; the UPDF was established in 1995</p>"
"text": "<p>the UPDF, which is constitutionally granted seats in parliament, is widely viewed as a key constituency for MUSEVENI; it has been used by MUSEVENI and his political party to break up rallies, raid opposition offices, and surveil rival candidates<br><br>as of 2022, the UPDF was conducting operations along the border with the Democratic Republic of the Congo (including cross-border operations) against a Congo-based (and formerly based in western Uganda) Ugandan rebel group, the Allied Democratic Front (ADF), which was designated as a Foreign Terrorist Organization by the US State Department in March 2021 as the Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (ISIS-DRC; see Appendix T); in addition, elements of the UPDF were deployed in the northeast region of Karamoja against cattle rustlers and criminal gangs</p> <p>beginning in 2012, the UPDF led regional efforts to pursue the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA), a small, violent group of Ugandan origin that conducted widespread attacks against civilians in much of Central Africa; the UPDF withdrew from the mission in 2017 after declaring that the LRA no longer posed a security threat; Uganda intervened in the South Sudan civil war in 2013-2016 and UPDF forces have clashed with South Sudanese forces along the border as recently as 2020<br><br>the military traces its history back to the formation of the Uganda Rifles in 1895 under the British colonial government; the Uganda Rifles were merged with the Central Africa Regiment and the East Africa Rifles to form the King’s African Rifles (KAR) in 1902, which participated in both world wars, as well as the Mau Mau rebellion in Kenya (1952-1960); in 1962, the Ugandan battalion of the KAR was transformed into the country's first military force, the Uganda Rifles, which was subsequently renamed the Uganda Army; the Uganda People's Defense Force was established in 1995 from the former rebel National Resistance Army following the enactment of the 1995 Constitution of Uganda</p>"
}
},
"Terrorism": {
@ -1294,7 +1294,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "920,768 (South Sudan) (refugees and asylum seekers), 440,365 (Democratic Republic of the Congo), 60,394 (Somalia) (refugees and asylum seekers), 41,851 (Burundi), 26,108 (Rwanda), 24,631 (Eritrea) (2022)"
"text": "911,255 (South Sudan) (refugees and asylum seekers), 440,365 (Democratic Republic of the Congo), 61,853 (Somalia) (refugees and asylum seekers), 40,167 (Burundi), 26,108 (Rwanda), 24,631 (Eritrea) (2022)"
}
},
"Trafficking in persons": {

2
africa/wz.json
View file

@ -530,7 +530,7 @@
"text": "UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"etymology": {
"text": "named after a Swati chief, Mbabane Kunene, who lived in the area at the onset of British settlement"
"text": "named after a Swati chief, Mbabane KUNENE, who lived in the area at the onset of British settlement"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {

4
africa/za.json
View file

@ -562,7 +562,7 @@
"text": "UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"etymology": {
"text": "named after a village called Lusaka, located at Manda Hill, near where Zambia's National Assembly building currently stands; the village was named after a headman (chief) Lusakasa"
"text": "named after a village called Lusaka, located at Manda Hill, near where Zambia's National Assembly building currently stands; the village was named after a headman (chief) LUSAKASA"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
@ -1284,7 +1284,7 @@
"text": "the ZDF's inventory is largely comprised of Chinese, Russian, and Soviet-era armaments; since 2010, China is the leading supplier of arms to Zambia (2021)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-25 years of age for male and female voluntary military service (16 with parental consent); no conscription; 12-year enlistment period (7 years active, 5 in the Reserves) (2021)"
"text": "18-25 years of age for voluntary military service for men and women (16 with parental consent); no conscription; 12-year enlistment period (7 years active, 5 in the Reserves) (2021)"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "930 Central African Republic (MINUSCA) (May 2022)"

2
australia-oceania/as.json
View file

@ -1281,7 +1281,7 @@
"text": "the Australian military's inventory includes a mix of domestically-produced and imported Western weapons systems; since 2015, the US is the largest supplier of arms; the Australian defense industry produces a variety of land and sea weapons platforms; the defense industry also participates in joint development and production ventures with other Western countries, including the US and Canada (2022)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "17 years of age for voluntary military service (with parental consent); no conscription (abolished 1973); women allowed to serve in all roles, including combat arms since 2013 (2022)",
"text": "17 years of age for voluntary military service (with parental consent); no conscription (abolished 1973); women allowed to serve in all roles, including combat arms, since 2013 (2022)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> in 2020-2021, women comprised nearly 20% of the military"
},
"Military deployments": {

6
australia-oceania/bp.json
View file

@ -1137,13 +1137,13 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "no regular military forces; the Royal Solomon Islands Police is responsible for internal and external security and reports to the Ministry of Police, National Security, and Correctional Services (2022)"
"text": "no regular military forces; the Royal Solomon Islands Police Force is responsible for internal and external security and reports to the Ministry of Police, National Security, and Correctional Services (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the maritime branch of the Royal Solomon Islands Police Force operates patrol boats provided by Australia (2021)"
"text": "the maritime branch of the Police Force operates patrol boats provided by Australia (2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "Australia and New Zealand provide material and training assistance to the Royal Solomon Islands Police (2022)"
"text": "Australia and New Zealand provide material and training assistance to the Royal Solomon Islands Police Force (2022)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

2
australia-oceania/nf.json
View file

@ -330,7 +330,7 @@
"text": "+1hr, begins first Sunday in October; ends first Sunday in April"
},
"etymology": {
"text": "the name is a blending of the words \"king's\" and \"town\"; the British king at the time of the town's settlement in the late 18th century was George III"
"text": "the name is a blending of the words \"king's\" and \"town\"; the British king at the time of the town's settlement in the late 18th century was GEORGE III"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {

2
australia-oceania/nz.json
View file

@ -518,7 +518,7 @@
"text": "New Zealand has two time zones: New Zealand standard time (UTC+12) and Chatham Islands time (45 minutes in advance of New Zealand standard time; UTC+12:45)"
},
"etymology": {
"text": "named in 1840 after Arthur Wellesley, the first Duke of Wellington and victorious general at the Battle of Waterloo"
"text": "named in 1840 after Arthur WELLESLEY, the first Duke of Wellington and victorious general at the Battle of Waterloo"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {

2
australia-oceania/pc.json
View file

@ -336,7 +336,7 @@
"text": "UTC-9 (4 hours behind Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"etymology": {
"text": "named after John Adams (1767&ndash;1829), the last survivor of the Bounty mutineers who settled on Pitcairn Island in January 1790"
"text": "named after John ADAMS (1767&ndash;1829), the last survivor of the Bounty mutineers who settled on Pitcairn Island in January 1790"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {

4
australia-oceania/tn.json
View file

@ -1146,7 +1146,7 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "His Majesty's Armed Forces Tonga (Tonga Defense Services): Joint Force headquarters, Tonga Royal Guard, Land Force (Royal Tongan Marines), Tonga Navy, Training Wing, Air Wing, and Support Unit (2022)"
"text": "His Majesty's Armed Forces Tonga (aka Tonga Defense Services): Joint Force headquarters, Tonga Royal Guard, Land Force (Royal Tongan Marines), Tonga Navy, Training Wing, Air Wing, and Support Unit (2022)"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
@ -1169,7 +1169,7 @@
"text": "approximately 650 personnel (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the Tonga military's inventory includes mostly light weapons and equipment from European (primarily the UK) countries and the US, as well as naval patrol vessels from Australia; Australia has been the only supplier of military systems since 2010 (2021)"
"text": "the Tonga military's inventory includes mostly light weapons and equipment from Australia, European (primarily the UK) countries, and the US (2022)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "men and women, 18-25, may volunteer; no conscription (2021)"

2
australia-oceania/ws.json
View file

@ -1131,7 +1131,7 @@
"text": "no regular military forces; Samoa Police Force (Ministry of Police, Prisons, and Correction Services) (2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "informal defense ties exist with NZ, which is required to consider any Samoan request for assistance under the 1962 Treaty of Friendship"
"text": "informal defense ties exist with NZ, which is required to consider any Samoan request for assistance under the 1962 Treaty of Friendship <p>in 2012, the US and Samoa signed a mutual law enforcement agreement which allowed Samoan maritime officials to utilize US Coast Guard and Navy vessels to provide maritime policing in Samoan waters; the US Coast Guard regularly patrols Samoa’s waters</p>"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

2
central-america-n-caribbean/ac.json
View file

@ -1058,7 +1058,7 @@
"text": "the ABDF's equipment inventory is limited to small arms, light weapons, and soft-skin vehicles; the Coast Guard maintains ex-US patrol vessels and some smaller boats (2022)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-23 years of age for voluntary military service for both males and females; no conscription (2022)"
"text": "18-23 years of age for voluntary military service for both men and women; no conscription (2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "has been a member of the Caribbean Regional Security System (RSS) since its creation in 1982; RSS signatories (Barbados, Dominica, Grenada, Saint Kitts, Saint Lucia, and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines) agreed to prepare contingency plans and assist one another, on request, in national emergencies, prevention of smuggling, search and rescue, immigration control, fishery protection, customs and excise control, maritime policing duties, protection of off-shore installations, pollution control, national and other disasters, and threats to national security (2022)"

2
central-america-n-caribbean/cj.json
View file

@ -405,7 +405,7 @@
"text": "UTC-5 (same time as Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"etymology": {
"text": "named after English King George III (1738-1820)"
"text": "named after English King GEORGE III (1738-1820)"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {

2
central-america-n-caribbean/dr.json
View file

@ -552,7 +552,7 @@
"text": "UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"etymology": {
"text": "named after Saint Dominic de Guzman (1170-1221), founder of the Dominican Order"
"text": "named after Saint Dominic de GUZMAN (1170-1221), founder of the Dominican Order"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {

2
central-america-n-caribbean/jm.json
View file

@ -496,7 +496,7 @@
"text": "UTC-5 (same time as Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"etymology": {
"text": "the name is a blending of the words \"king's\" and \"town\"; the English king at the time of the city's founding in 1692 was William III (r. 1689-1702)"
"text": "the name is a blending of the words \"king's\" and \"town\"; the English king at the time of the city's founding in 1692 was WILLIAM III (r. 1689-1702)"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {

2
central-america-n-caribbean/pm.json
View file

@ -622,7 +622,7 @@
}
},
"Political parties and leaders": {
"text": "Alliance Party or PA [Jose MUNOZ Molina]<br>Alternative Independent Socialist Party or PAIS [Jose ALVAREZ]<br>Democratic Change or CD [Romulo ROUX]<br>Democratic Revolutionary Party or PRD [Benicio ROBINSON]<br>Nationalist Republican Liberal Movement or MOLIRENA [Francisco \"Pancho\" ALEMAN]<br>Panamenista Party [Isabel BLANDON Figueroa] (formerly the Arnulfista Party)<br>Popular Party or PP [Daniel Javier BREA Clavel] (formerly Christian Democratic Party or PDC)<br>Realizing Goals Party [Ricardo Alberto MARTINELLI Berrocal]"
"text": "Alliance Party or PA [Jose MUNOZ Molina]<br>Alternative Independent Socialist Party or PAIS [Jose ALVAREZ]<br>Democratic Change or CD [Romulo ROUX]<br>Democratic Revolutionary Party or PRD [Benicio ROBINSON]<br>Nationalist Republican Liberal Movement or MOLIRENA [Francisco \"Pancho\" ALEMAN]<br>Panamenista Party [Jose Isabel BLANDON Figueroa] (formerly the Arnulfista Party)<br>Popular Party or PP [Daniel Javier BREA Clavel] (formerly Christian Democratic Party or PDC)<br>Realizing Goals Party or RM [Ricardo Alberto MARTINELLI Berrocal]"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "BCIE, CAN (observer), CD, CELAC, FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAES, LAIA, MIGA, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, Pacific Alliance (observer), PCA, SICA, UN, UNASUR (observer), UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"

2
central-america-n-caribbean/rq.json
View file

@ -519,7 +519,7 @@
}
},
"Political parties and leaders": {
"text": "Citizens' Victory Movement (Movimiento Victoria Ciudadana) or MVC [Manuel NATAL Alberto]<br>National Democratic Party [Charlie RODRIGUEZ]<br>National Republican Party of Puerto Rico [Jenniffer GONZALEZ]<br>New Progressive Party or PNP [Ricardo ROSSELLO] (pro-US statehood)<br>Popular Democratic Party or PPD [Alejandro GARCIA Padillo] (pro-commonwealth)<br>Project Dignity (Projecto Dignidad) or PD [Cesar VASQUEZ Muniz]<br>Puerto Rican Independence Party or PIP [Ruben BERRIOS Martinez] (pro-independence)"
"text": "Citizens' Victory Movement (Movimiento Victoria Ciudadana) or MVC [Manuel NATAL Albelo]<br>Democratic Party of Puerto Rico [Charlie RODRIGUEZ]<br>New Progressive Party or PNP [Pedro PIERLUISI Urrutia] (pro-US statehood)<br>Popular Democratic Party or PPD [Jose Luis DALMAU] (pro-commonwealth)<br>Project Dignity (Projecto Dignidad) or PD [Cesar VASQUEZ Muniz]<br>Puerto Rican Independence Party or PIP [Ruben BERRIOS Martinez] (pro-independence)<br>Republican Party of Puerto Rico [Jenniffer GONZALEZ]"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "AOSIS (observer), Caricom (observer), Interpol (subbureau), IOC, UNWTO (associate), UPU, WFTU (NGOs)"

2
central-america-n-caribbean/sc.json
View file

@ -1053,7 +1053,7 @@
"text": "18 years of age for voluntary military service (under 18 with written parental permission); no conscription (2021)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "St. Kitts joined the Caribbean Regional Security System (RSS) in 1984; RSS signatories (Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Dominica, Grenada, Saint Lucia, and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines) agreed to prepare contingency plans and assist one another, on request, in national emergencies, prevention of smuggling, search and rescue, immigration control, fishery protection, customs and excise control, maritime policing duties, protection of off-shore installations, pollution control, national and other disasters, and threats to national security (2022)"
"text": "St. Kitts joined the Caribbean Regional Security System (RSS) in 1984; RSS signatories (Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Dominica, Grenada, Saint Lucia, and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines) agreed to prepare contingency plans and assist one another, on request, in national emergencies, prevention of smuggling, search and rescue, immigration control, fishery protection, customs and excise control, maritime policing duties, protection of off-shore installations, pollution control, national and other disasters, and threats to national security<br><br>SKNDF's missions included defense of the country's territorial integrity and sovereignty, protecting natural resources, interdicting narcotics trafficking, and providing humanitarian relief as needed (2022)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

2
central-america-n-caribbean/st.json
View file

@ -475,7 +475,7 @@
"text": "UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"etymology": {
"text": "in 1785, the village of Carenage was renamed Castries, after Charles Eugene Gabriel de La Croix de Castries (1727-1801), who was then the French Minister of the Navy and Colonies"
"text": "in 1785, the village of Carenage was renamed Castries, after Charles Eugene Gabriel de La Croix de CASTRIES (1727-1801), who was then the French Minister of the Navy and Colonies"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {

2
central-america-n-caribbean/td.json
View file

@ -1135,7 +1135,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> as of 2017, women comprised about 14% of the active duty military"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the primary responsibilities for the TTDF are conducting border and maritime security, providing disaster relief, and countering narcotics trafficking in support of law enforcement (2022)"
"text": "the TTDF's primary responsibilities are conducting border and maritime security, providing disaster relief, and countering narcotics trafficking in support of law enforcement (2022)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

2
central-america-n-caribbean/tk.json
View file

@ -395,7 +395,7 @@
"text": "UTC-5 (same time as Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"etymology": {
"text": "named after Sir Francis Cockburn, who served as governor of the Bahamas from 1837 to 1844"
"text": "named after Sir Francis COCKBURN, who served as governor of the Bahamas from 1837 to 1844"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {

2
central-america-n-caribbean/uc.json
View file

@ -381,7 +381,7 @@
"text": "UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"etymology": {
"text": "named after Prince William II of Orange (1626-1650), who served as stadtholder (Dutch head of state) from 1647 to 1650, shortly after the the Dutch captured Curacao from the Spanish in 1634"
"text": "named after Prince WILLIAM II of Orange (1626-1650), who served as stadtholder (Dutch head of state) from 1647 to 1650, shortly after the the Dutch captured Curacao from the Spanish in 1634"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {

5
central-america-n-caribbean/vc.json
View file

@ -451,7 +451,7 @@
"text": "UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"etymology": {
"text": "an earlier French settlement was renamed Kingstown by the British in 1763 when they assumed control of the island; the king referred to in the name is George III (r. 1760-1820)"
"text": "an earlier French settlement was renamed Kingstown by the British in 1763 when they assumed control of the island; the king referred to in the name is GEORGE III (r. 1760-1820)"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
@ -1036,7 +1036,8 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "no regular military forces; Royal Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Police Force (RSVPF; includes the Coast Guard and a paramilitary Special Services Unit) (2022)"
"text": "no regular military forces; Royal Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Police Force (RSVPF; includes the Coast Guard, Special Services Unit, Rapid Response Unit, Drug Squad, and Anti-Trafficking Unit) (2022)",
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>the RSVPF reports to the minister of national security, a portfolio held by the prime minister"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the country has been a member of the Caribbean Regional Security System (RSS) since its creation in 1982; RSS signatories (Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Dominica, Grenada, Saint Kitts, and Saint Lucia) agreed to prepare contingency plans and assist one another, on request, in national emergencies, prevention of smuggling, search and rescue, immigration control, fishery protection, customs and excise control, maritime policing duties, protection of off-shore installations, pollution control, national and other disasters, and threats to national security (2022)"

2
central-america-n-caribbean/vq.json
View file

@ -392,7 +392,7 @@
"text": "UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"etymology": {
"text": "originally called Taphus in Danish - meaning \"tap house\" or \"beer house\" because of its many beer halls - the town received a more dignified name in 1691 when it was named Charlotte Amalie in honor of Danish King Christian V&rsquo;s wife, Charlotte Amalie of Hesse-Kassel (1650&ndash;1714)"
"text": "originally called Taphus in Danish - meaning \"tap house\" or \"beer house\" because of its many beer halls - the town received a more dignified name in 1691 when it was named Charlotte Amalie in honor of Danish King CHRISTIAN V&rsquo;s wife, Charlotte AMALIE of Hesse-Kassel (1650&ndash;1714)"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {

4
central-asia/rs.json
View file

@ -1341,7 +1341,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> in May 2022, Russia's parliament approved a law removing the upper age limit for contractual service in the military<br><br><strong>note 2: </strong>in the spring of 2022, Russia drafted 134,500 conscripts into the military; as of 2021, conscripts reportedly comprised about 30% of the Russian military's active duty personnel; in April of 2019, the Russian Government pledged its intent to end conscription as part of a decade-long effort to shift from a large, conscript-based military to a smaller, more professional force; an existing law allows for a 21-month alternative civil service for conscripts in hospitals, nursing homes and other facilities for those who view military duty as incompatible with their beliefs, but military conscription offices reportedly often broadly ignore requests for such service<br><br><strong>note 3:</strong> as of 2020, women made up about 5% of the active duty military"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "information varies; approximately 3,000-4,000 Armenia; approximately 2,000 Azerbaijan (peacekeepers for Nagorno-Karabakh); estimated 3,000-5,000 Belarus; approximately 7,000-10,000 Georgia; approximately 500 Kyrgyzstan; approximately 1,500 Moldova (Transnistria); estimated 3,000-5,000 Syria; approximately 5,000-7,000 Tajikistan (February 2022)",
"text": "information varies; approximately 3,000 Armenia; approximately 2,000 Armenia/Azerbaijan (peacekeepers for Nagorno-Karabakh); estimated 3,000-5,000 Belarus; approximately 7,000-10,000 Georgia; approximately 500 Kyrgyzstan; approximately 1,500 Moldova (Transnistria); estimated 3,000-5,000 Syria; approximately 5,000 Tajikistan (February 2022)",
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> in February 2022, Russia invaded Ukraine with an estimated 150,000 troops; prior to the invasion, it maintained an estimated 30,000 troops in areas of Ukraine occupied since 2014<br><br><strong>note 2: </strong>prior to the invasion of Ukraine, Russia was assessed to have about 3,000-5,000 private military contractors conducting military and security operations in Africa, including in the Central African Republic, Libya, Mali, and Sudan"
},
"Military - note": {
@ -1360,7 +1360,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "2,490,480 (Ukraine) (as of 5 September 2022)"
"text": "2,593,209 (Ukraine) (as of 12 September 2022)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "56,960 (mid-year 2021); note - Russia's stateless population consists of Roma, Meskhetian Turks, and ex-Soviet citizens from the former republics; between 2003 and 2010 more than 600,000 stateless people were naturalized; most Meskhetian Turks, followers of Islam with origins in Georgia, fled or were evacuated from Uzbekistan after a 1989 pogrom and have lived in Russia for more than the required five-year residency period; they continue to be denied registration for citizenship and basic rights by local Krasnodar Krai authorities on the grounds that they are temporary illegal migrants"

2
central-asia/ti.json
View file

@ -1206,7 +1206,7 @@
"text": "approximately 9,500 active duty troops (8,000 Land and Mobile Forces; 1,500 Air and Air Defense Forces) (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the Tajikistan Armed Forces' inventory is comprised of older Russian and Soviet-era equipment; it has received limited quantities of weapons systems since 2010, most of which was second-hand material from Russia (2021)"
"text": "the military's inventory is comprised of older Russian and Soviet-era equipment; it has received limited quantities of weapons systems since 2010, most of which was second-hand material from Russia (2021)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-27 years of age for compulsory or voluntary military service for men; 24-month conscript service obligation; in August 2021, the Tajik Government began allowing men to pay a fee in order to avoid conscription (2022)"

4
central-asia/tx.json
View file

@ -130,7 +130,7 @@
"text": "Turkmen (official) 72%, Russian 12%, Uzbek 9%, other 7%"
},
"major-language sample(s)": {
"text": "<br>Dünýä Facebooky, esasy maglumat üçin aýrylmaz bir çeşme dir. (Turkmen)<br><br>The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information."
"text": "<br>Dünýä Faktlar Kitaby – esasy maglumatlaryň wajyp çeşmesidir (Turkmen)<br><br>The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information."
}
},
"Religions": {
@ -1176,7 +1176,7 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Armed Forces of Turkmenistan: Land Forces, Navy, Air and Air Defense Forces; Federal Border Guard Service; Ministry of Internal Affairs: Internal Troops (2022)"
"text": "Armed Forces of Turkmenistan: Land Forces, Navy, Air and Air Defense Forces; Federal Border Guard Service; Ministry of Internal Affairs: Internal Troops, national police (2022)"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2019": {

4
central-asia/uz.json
View file

@ -1179,7 +1179,7 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Armed Forces of Uzbekistan: Army, Air and Air Defense Forces; National Guard; Ministry of Interior: Internal Security Troops, Border Guards (2022)",
"text": "Armed Forces of Uzbekistan: Army, Air and Air Defense Forces; National Guard; Ministry of Internal Affairs: Internal Security Troops, Border Guards, police (2022)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the National Guard, also under the Ministry of Defense, ensures public order and security of diplomatic missions, radio and television broadcasting, and other state entities"
},
"Military expenditures": {
@ -1206,7 +1206,7 @@
"text": "the Uzbek Armed Forces use mainly Soviet-era equipment; since 2010, Russia has been the leading supplier of arms, followed by China (2022)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-27 years of age for compulsory military service; 1-year conscript service obligation for males (conscripts have the option of paying for a shorter service of one month while remaining in the reserves until the age of 27); Uzbek citizens who have completed their service terms in the armed forces have privileges in employment and admission to higher educational institutions (2022)"
"text": "18-27 years of age for compulsory military service; 12 month conscript service obligation for men (conscripts have the option of paying for a shorter service of 1 month while remaining in the reserves until the age of 27); Uzbek citizens who have completed their service terms in the armed forces have privileges in employment and admission to higher educational institutions (2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>the Uzbek armed forces were established in January 1992, following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, when the newly-established Ministry for Defense Affairs assumed jurisdiction over all former Soviet ground, air, and air defense units, formations, and installations then deployed on its soil; the building hosting the headquarters for the ex-Soviet Turkestan Military District became the headquarters for the Uzbek armed forces; all former Soviet troops departed Uzbekistan by 1995; as of 2022, Uzbekistan continued to maintain bilateral defense ties with Russia based on a 2005 mutual security agreement</p> <p>as of 2022, Uzbekistan was not part of the Russian-sponsored Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) that is comprised of former Soviet Republics; Uzbekistan joined in the 1990s but withdrew in 1999; it returned in 2006 but left again in 2012</p>"

2
east-n-southeast-asia/mg.json
View file

@ -541,7 +541,7 @@
"text": "Mongolia has two time zones - Ulaanbaatar Time (8 hours in advance of UTC) and Hovd Time (7 hours in advance of UTC)"
},
"etymology": {
"text": "the name means \"red hero\" in Mongolian and honors national hero Damdin Sukhbaatar, leader of the partisan army that with Soviet Red Army help, liberated Mongolia from Chinese occupation in the early 1920s"
"text": "the name means \"red hero\" in Mongolian and honors national hero Damdin SUKHBAATAR, leader of the partisan army that with Soviet Red Army help, liberated Mongolia from Chinese occupation in the early 1920s"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {

2
east-n-southeast-asia/pg.json
View file

@ -227,7 +227,7 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military - note": {
"text": "Spratly Islands consist of more than 100 small islands or reefs of which about 45 are claimed and occupied by China, Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan, and Vietnam<br><br><strong>China: </strong>occupies 7 outposts (Fiery Cross, Mischief, Subi, Cuarteron, Gavin, Hughes, and Johnson reefs); the outposts on Fiery Cross, Mischief, and Subi include air bases with helipads and aircraft hangers, naval port facilities, surveillance radars, air defense and anti-ship missile sites, and other military infrastructure such as communications, barracks, maintenance facilities, and ammunition and fuel bunkers<br><br><strong>Malaysia:  </strong>occupies 5 outposts in the southern portion of the archipelago, closest to the Malaysian state of Sabah (Ardasier Reef, Eric Reef, Mariveles Reef, Shallow Reef, and Investigator Shoal); all the outposts have helicopter landing pads, while Shallow Reef also has an airstrip<br><strong><br>Philippines: </strong>occupies 9 features (Commodore Reef, Second Thomas Shoal, Flat Island, Loaita Cay, Loaita Island, Nanshan Island, Northeast Cay, Thitu Island, and West York Island); Thitu Island has the only Philippine airstrip in the Spratlys<br><br><strong>Taiwan: </strong>maintains a coast guard outpost with an airstrip on Itu Aba Island<br><br><strong>Vietnam: </strong>occupies about 50 outposts spread across 27 features, including facilities on 21 rocks and reefs in the Spratlys, plus 14 platforms known as “economic, scientific, and technological service stations,” or <em>Dịch vụ-Khoa</em> (DK1), on six underwater banks to the southeast that Vietnam does not consider part of the disputed island chain, although China and Taiwan disagree; Spratly Islands outposts are on Alison Reef, Amboyna Cay, Barque Canada Reef, Central Reef, Collins Reef, Cornwallis South Reef, Discovery Great Reef, East Reef, Grierson Reef, Ladd Reef, Landsdowne Reef, Namyit Island, Pearson Reef, Petley Reef, Sand Cay, Sin Cowe Island, South Reef, Southwest Cay, Spratly Island, Tennent Reef, West Reef; Spratly Island includes an airstrip with aircraft hangers; the six underwater banks with outposts include Vanguard, Rifleman, Prince of Wales, Prince Consort, Grainger, and Alexandra; over the past few years, Vietnam has continued to make modest improvements to its outposts, including defensive positions and infrastructure (2022)"
"text": "the Spratly Islands consist of more than 100 small islands or reefs of which about 45 are claimed and occupied by China, Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan, and Vietnam<br><br><strong>China: </strong>occupies 7 outposts (Fiery Cross, Mischief, Subi, Cuarteron, Gavin, Hughes, and Johnson reefs); the outposts on Fiery Cross, Mischief, and Subi include air bases with helipads and aircraft hangers, naval port facilities, surveillance radars, air defense and anti-ship missile sites, and other military infrastructure such as communications, barracks, maintenance facilities, and ammunition and fuel bunkers<br><br><strong>Malaysia:  </strong>occupies 5 outposts in the southern portion of the archipelago, closest to the Malaysian state of Sabah (Ardasier Reef, Eric Reef, Mariveles Reef, Shallow Reef, and Investigator Shoal); all the outposts have helicopter landing pads, while Shallow Reef also has an airstrip<br><strong><br>Philippines: </strong>occupies 9 features (Commodore Reef, Second Thomas Shoal, Flat Island, Loaita Cay, Loaita Island, Nanshan Island, Northeast Cay, Thitu Island, and West York Island); Thitu Island has the only Philippine airstrip in the Spratlys<br><br><strong>Taiwan: </strong>maintains a coast guard outpost with an airstrip on Itu Aba Island<br><br><strong>Vietnam: </strong>occupies about 50 outposts spread across 27 features, including facilities on 21 rocks and reefs in the Spratlys, plus 14 platforms known as “economic, scientific, and technological service stations,” or Dịch vụ-Khoa (DK1), on six underwater banks to the southeast that Vietnam does not consider part of the disputed island chain, although China and Taiwan disagree; Spratly Islands outposts are on Alison Reef, Amboyna Cay, Barque Canada Reef, Central Reef, Collins Reef, Cornwallis South Reef, Discovery Great Reef, East Reef, Grierson Reef, Ladd Reef, Landsdowne Reef, Namyit Island, Pearson Reef, Petley Reef, Sand Cay, Sin Cowe Island, South Reef, Southwest Cay, Spratly Island, Tennent Reef, West Reef; Spratly Island includes an airstrip with aircraft hangers; the six underwater banks with outposts include Vanguard, Rifleman, Prince of Wales, Prince Consort, Grainger, and Alexandra; over the past few years, Vietnam has continued to make modest improvements to its outposts, including defensive positions and infrastructure (2022)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

4
east-n-southeast-asia/pp.json
View file

@ -535,7 +535,7 @@
"text": "Papua New Guinea has two time zones, including Bougainville (UTC+11)"
},
"etymology": {
"text": "named in 1873 by Captain John Moresby (1830-1922) in honor of his father, British Admiral Sir Fairfax Moresby (1786-1877)"
"text": "named in 1873 by Captain John MORESBY (1830-1922) in honor of his father, British Admiral Sir Fairfax MORESBY (1786-1877)"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
@ -618,7 +618,7 @@
}
},
"Political parties and leaders": {
"text": "Allegiance Party or AP [Bryan KRAMER]<br>Advance PNG [Muglua DILU]<br>Destiny Party [Marsh NARAWEC]<br>Liberal Party [John PUNDARI]<br>Melanesian Alliance Party or MAP [Joseph YOPYYOPY]<br>National Alliance Party or NAP [Allan BIRD]<br>New Generation Party or NGP [Keith IDUHU]<br>Our Development Party or ODP [Puka TEMU]<br>Papua and Niugini Union Party or PANGU PATI [vacant]<br>Papua New Guinea Party or PNGP [Belden NAMAH]<br>Papua New Guinea Greens Party [Richard MASERE]<br>Papua New Guinea National Party [Kerenga KUA]<br>People's First Party or PFP [Richard MARU]<br>People's Movement for Change or PMC [Gary JAFFA]<br>People's Labor Party or PLP [Luther WENGE]<br>People's National Congress Party or PNC [Peter Paire O'NEILL]<br>People's Party or PP [Peter IPATAS]<br>People's Progress Party or PPP [Sir Julius CHAN]<br>People's Reform Party or PRP [James DONALD]<br>Social Democratic Party or SDP [Powes PARKOP]<br>Triumph Heritage Empowerment Party or THE [Don POLYE]<br>United Labor Party or PLP [vacant]<br>United Resources Party or URP [William DUMA]"
"text": "Advance PNG [Muglua DILU]<br>Allegiance Party or AP [Bryan KRAMER]<br>Destiny Party [Marsh NARAWEC]<br>Liberal Party [John PUNDARI]<br>Melanesian Alliance Party or MAP [Joseph YOPYYOPY]<br>National Alliance Party or NAP [Allan BIRD]<br>New Generation Party or NGP [Keith IDUHU]<br>Our Development Party or ODP [Puka TEMU]<br>Papua and Niugini Union Party or PANGU PATI [vacant]<br>Papua New Guinea Greens Party [Richard MASERE]<br>Papua New Guinea National Party [Kerenga KUA]<br>Papua New Guinea Party or PNGP [Belden NAMAH]<br>People's First Party or PFP [Richard MARU]<br>People's Labor Party or PLP [Luther WENGE]<br>People's Movement for Change or PMC [Gary JAFFA]<br>People's National Congress Party or PNC [Peter Paire O'NEILL]<br>People's Party or PP [Peter IPATAS]<br>People's Progress Party or PPP [Sir Julius CHAN]<br>People's Reform Party or PRP [James DONALD]<br>Social Democratic Party or SDP [Powes PARKOP]<br>Triumph Heritage Empowerment Party or THE [Don POLYE]<br>United Labor Party or PLP [vacant]<br>United Resources Party or URP [William DUMA]"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ACP, ADB, AOSIS, APEC, ARF, ASEAN (observer), C, CD, CP, EITI (candidate country), FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, MIGA, NAM, OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMISS, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"

2
east-n-southeast-asia/sn.json
View file

@ -1210,7 +1210,7 @@
"text": "information varies; approximately 60,000 active duty troops (45,000 Army; 7,000 Navy; 8,000 Air Force) (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the SAF has a diverse and largely modern mix of domestically-produced and imported weapons; since 2010, it has received armaments from about 10 countries with the US as the chief supplier; Singapore has the most developed arms industry in Southeast Asia and is also its largest importer of weapons (2021)"
"text": "the SAF has a diverse and largely modern mix of domestically-produced and imported weapons; since 2010, the US has been the chief supplier of arms; Singapore has the most developed arms industry in Southeast Asia and is also its largest importer of weapons (2021)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-21 years of age for male compulsory military service; 16 1/2 years of age for voluntary enlistment (with parental consent); 2-year conscript service obligation, with a reserve obligation to age 40 (enlisted) or age 50 (officers); women are not conscripted, but they are allowed to volunteer for all services and branches, including combat arms (2021)",

4
east-n-southeast-asia/th.json
View file

@ -1298,7 +1298,7 @@
"text": "estimates vary widely; approximately 300,000 active duty personnel (200,000 Army; 70,000 Navy; 30,000 Air Force); estimated 20,000 Thai Rangers; estimated 5,000 Internal Security Operations Command personnel (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the RTARF has a diverse array of foreign-supplied weapons systems, including a large amount of obsolescent or second-hand US equipment; since 2010, Thailand has received military equipment from nearly 20 countries with China, South Korea, Sweden, Ukraine, and the US as the leading suppliers (2021)"
"text": "the RTARF has a diverse array of foreign-supplied weapons systems, including a large amount of obsolescent or second-hand US equipment; since 2010, Thailand has received military equipment from nearly 20 countries, including China, South Korea, Sweden, Ukraine, and the US (2022)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18 years of age for voluntary military service for men and women; 21 years of age for compulsory military service (men only); males register at 18 years of age; 2-year conscript service obligation varies by educational qualifications (2021)",
@ -1308,7 +1308,7 @@
"text": "280 South Sudan (UNMISS) (May 2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "including the most recent in 2014, the military has attempted more than 20 coups since the fall of absolute monarchy in 1932<br><br>since 2004, the military has fought against separatist insurgents in the southern provinces of Pattani, Yala, and Narathiwat, as well as parts of Songkhla; the insurgency is rooted in ethnic Malay nationalist resistance to Thai rule that followed the extension of Siamese sovereignty over the Patani Sultanate in the 18th century; the insurgency consists of several armed groups, the largest of which is the Barisan Revolusi Nasional-Koordinasi (BRN-C): since 2020, the Thai military has been negotiating with BRN, and has parallel talks with an umbrella organization, MARA Pattani, that claims to represent the insurgency groups; since 2004, violence associated with the insurgency has claimed more than 7,300 lives (as of 2022); as of 2021, at least 70,000 military, paramilitary, and government-backed militia forces were estimated to be deployed in the south to combat the insurgency<br><br>Thailand has Major Non-NATO Ally (MNNA) status with the US; MNNA is a designation under US law that provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense trade and security cooperation; while MNNA status provides military and economic privileges, it does not entail any security commitments (2022)"
"text": "including the most recent in 2014, the military has attempted more than 20 coups since the fall of absolute monarchy in 1932<br><br>since 2004, the military has fought against separatist insurgents in the southern provinces of Pattani, Yala, and Narathiwat, as well as parts of Songkhla; the insurgency is rooted in ethnic Malay nationalist resistance to Thai rule that followed the extension of Siamese sovereignty over the Patani Sultanate in the 18th century; the insurgency consists of several armed groups, the largest of which is the Barisan Revolusi Nasional-Koordinasi (BRN-C): since 2020, the Thai military has been negotiating with BRN, and has parallel talks with an umbrella organization, MARA Pattani, that claims to represent the insurgency groups; since 2004, violence associated with the insurgency has claimed more than 7,300 lives (as of 2022); the Thai Government has had as many as 100,000 military and paramilitary forces deployed in the south to combat the insurgency<br><br>Thailand has Major Non-NATO Ally (MNNA) status with the US; MNNA is a designation under US law that provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense trade and security cooperation; while MNNA status provides military and economic privileges, it does not entail any security commitments (2022)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

4
east-n-southeast-asia/tt.json
View file

@ -1155,7 +1155,7 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Timor-Leste Defense Force (Falintil-Forcas de Defesa de Timor-L'este, Falintil (F-FDTL)): Joint Headquarters with Land, Air, Naval, Service Support, and Education/Training components; National Police (Pol&iacute;cia Nacional de Timor-Leste, PNTL) (2022)"
"text": "Timor-Leste Defense Force (Falintil-Forcas de Defesa de Timor-L'este, Falintil (F-FDTL)): Joint Headquarters with Land, Air, Naval, Service Support, and Education/Training components; Ministry of Interior: National Police (Pol&iacute;cia Nacional de Timor-Leste, PNTL) (2022)"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2021": {
@ -1178,7 +1178,7 @@
"text": "approximately 2,000 personnel (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "Timor-Leste Defense Force's limited inventory consists of equipment donated by other countries; the only recorded deliveries of major arms to Timor-Leste since 2010 were naval patrol craft from China and South Korea (2021)"
"text": "the military is lightly armed and has a limited inventory consisting of equipment donated by other countries; since 2010 it has received naval patrol craft from China and South Korea (2022)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18 years of age for voluntary military service; 18-month service obligation (2021)"

4
east-n-southeast-asia/tw.json
View file

@ -1049,7 +1049,7 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Taiwan Armed Forces: Army, Navy (includes Marine Corps), Air Force; Taiwan Coast Guard Administration (a law enforcement organization with homeland security functions during peacetime and national defense missions during wartime) (2022)"
"text": "Taiwan Armed Forces: Army, Navy (includes Marine Corps), Air Force; Taiwan Coast Guard Administration (a law enforcement organization with homeland security functions during peacetime and national defense missions during wartime); Ministry of Interior: National Police (2022)"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2021": {
@ -1076,7 +1076,7 @@
"text": "the Taiwan military is armed mostly with second-hand weapons and equipment provided by the US; since 2010, the US continued to be the largest provider of arms; Taiwan also has a domestic defense industry capable of building and upgrading a range of weapons systems, including surface naval craft and submarines (2021)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "starting with those born in 1994, males 18-36 years of age may volunteer for military service or must complete 4 months of compulsory military training (5 weeks of basic training followed by 11 weeks of specialized training with field units); civil service can be substituted for military service in some cases; men born before December 1993 are required to complete compulsory service for 1 year (military or civil); men are subject to training recalls up to four times for periods not to exceed 20 days for 8 years after discharge; women may enlist but are restricted to noncombat roles in most cases; as part of its transition to an all-volunteer military, the last cohort of one-year military conscripts completed their service obligations in December 2018 (2022)",
"text": "starting with those born in 1994, men 18-36 years of age may volunteer for military service or must complete 4 months of compulsory military training (5 weeks of basic training followed by 11 weeks of specialized training with field units); civil service can be substituted for military service in some cases; men born before December 1993 are required to complete compulsory service for 12 months (military or civil); men are subject to training recalls up to four times for periods not to exceed 20 days for 8 years after discharge; women may enlist but are restricted to noncombat roles in most cases; as part of its transition to an all-volunteer military, the last cohort of 12-month military conscripts completed their service obligations in December 2018 (2022)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> as of 2021, women made up about 15% of the active duty military"
},
"Military - note": {

4
east-n-southeast-asia/vm.json
View file

@ -1271,13 +1271,13 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "information is limited and estimates vary; approximately 470,000 active duty troops (400,000 ground; 40,000 naval; 30,000 air); estimated 40,000 Border Defense Force and Coast Guard (2022)"
"text": "information is limited and varied; estimated 470,000 active duty troops (400,000 ground; 40,000 naval; 30,000 air); estimated 40,000 Border Defense Force and Coast Guard (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the PAVN is armed largely with weapons and equipment from Russia and the former Soviet Union; since 2010, Russia has remained the main supplier of newer PAVN military equipment, although in recent years Vietnam has purchased arms from more than a dozen other countries including Belarus, Israel, South Korea, Ukraine, and the US; Vietnam has a limited defense industry (2021)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-27 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service (females eligible for conscription, but in practice only males are drafted); conscription typically takes place twice annually and service obligation is 2 years (Army, Air Defense) and 3 years (Navy and Air Force) (2021)"
"text": "18-27 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service for men and women (in practice only men are drafted); conscription typically takes place twice annually and service obligation is 2 years (Army, Air Defense) and 3 years (Navy and Air Force) (2021)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the PAVN is the military arm of the ruling Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV) and responsible to the Central Military Commission (CMC), the highest party organ on military policy; the CMC is led by the CPV General Secretary <br><br>Vietnam has a security policy of non-alignment, but noted in 2019 that it would consider developing appropriate defense and security relations with other countries depending on circumstances (2022)"

6
europe/au.json
View file

@ -1252,8 +1252,8 @@
"text": "the Austrian military's inventory includes a mix of domestically-produced and imported weapons systems from European countries and the US; the Austrian defense industry produces a range of equipment and partners with other countries (2021)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "registration requirement at age 17, the legal minimum age for voluntary military service; 18 is the legal minimum age for compulsory military service (6 months), or optionally, alternative civil/community service (9 months); males 18 to 50 years old in the militia or inactive reserve are subject to compulsory service; in a January 2012 referendum, a majority of Austrians voted in favor of retaining the system of compulsory military service (with the option of alternative/non-military service) instead of switching to a professional army system (2021)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> as of 2019, women made up about 4% of the military's full-time personnel"
"text": "registration requirement at age 17, the legal minimum age for voluntary military service; men above the age of 18 are subject to compulsory military service; women may volunteer; compulsory service is for 6 months, or optionally, alternative civil/community service (Zivildienst) for 9 months (2022)",
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> as of 2019, women made up about 4% of the military's full-time personnel<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> in a January 2013 referendum, a majority of Austrians voted in favor of retaining the system of compulsory military service (with the option of alternative/non-military service) instead of switching to a professional army system; approximately 40% of those liable to compulsory service have opted in favor of  alternative civil/community service"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "170 Bosnia-Herzegovina (EUFOR stabilization force); 300 Kosovo (NATO/KFOR); 200 Lebanon (UNIFIL) (Aug 2022)"
@ -1274,7 +1274,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "57,887 (Syria), 41,037 (Afghanistan), 9,661 (Iraq), 8,212 (Somalia), 7,046 (Iran), 7,003 (Russia) (mid-year 2021); 80,534 (Ukraine) (as of 6 September 2022)"
"text": "57,887 (Syria), 41,037 (Afghanistan), 9,661 (Iraq), 8,212 (Somalia), 7,046 (Iran), 7,003 (Russia) (mid-year 2021); 81,261 (Ukraine) (as of 13 September 2022)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "3,229 (mid-year 2021)"

2
europe/bo.json
View file

@ -1265,7 +1265,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "12,505 (Ukraine) (as of 6 September 2022)"
"text": "13,422 (Ukraine) (as of 13 September 2022)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "6,104 (mid-year 2021)"

2
europe/bu.json
View file

@ -1270,7 +1270,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "19,014 (Syria) (mid-year 2021); 70,503 (Ukraine) (as of 6 September 2022)"
"text": "19,014 (Syria) (mid-year 2021); 67,467 (Ukraine) (as of 13 September 2022)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "1,143 (mid-year 2021)"

4
europe/cy.json
View file

@ -1255,7 +1255,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "9,820 (Syria) (mid-year 2021); 13,273 (Ukraine) (as of 7 September 2022)"
"text": "9,820 (Syria) (mid-year 2021); 13,642 (Ukraine) (as of 13 September 2022)"
},
"IDPs": {
"text": "242,000 (both Turkish and Greek Cypriots; many displaced since 1974) (2021)"
@ -1263,7 +1263,7 @@
"stateless persons": {
"text": "66 (mid-year 2021)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 41,908 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-July 2022)"
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 43,059 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-August 2022)"
},
"Illicit drugs": {
"text": "<p>vulnerable to money laundering from illegal drugs</p> <p> </p>"

2
europe/da.json
View file

@ -1264,7 +1264,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "19,833 (Syria), 5,634 (Eritrea) (mid-year 2021); 36,866 (Ukraine) (as of 6 September 2022)"
"text": "19,833 (Syria), 5,634 (Eritrea) (mid-year 2021); 34,577 (Ukraine) (as of 13 September 2022)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "11,608 (mid-year 2021)"

15
europe/ee.json
View file

@ -823,8 +823,11 @@
"text": "<p>the EU's Common Security and Defense Policy (CSDP) provides the civilian, military, and political structures for EU crisis management and security issues; the highest bodies are:</p> <p>the <strong>Political and Security Committee (PSC)</strong>, which meets at the ambassadorial level as a preparatory body for the Council of the EU; it assists with defining policies and preparing a crisis response</p> <p>the <strong>European Union Military Committee (EUMC)</strong> is the EU's highest military body; it is composed of the chiefs of defense (CHODs) of the Member States, who are regularly represented by their permanent Military Representatives; the EUMC provides the PSC with advice and recommendations on all military matters within the EU</p> <p>the <strong>Committee for Civilian Aspects of Crisis Management (CIVCOM) </strong>provides advice and recommendations to the PSC in parallel with the EUMC on civilian aspects of crisis management</p> <p>the<strong> Politico-Military Group (PMG)</strong> provides advice and recommendations to the PSC on political aspects of EU military and civil-military issues, including concepts, capabilities and operations and missions, and monitors implementation</p> <p>other bodies set up under the CSDP include; the Security and Defense Policy Directorate (SECDEFPOL), the Integrated approach for Security and Peace Directorate (ISP), the EU Military Staff (EUMS), the Civilian Planning and Conduct Capability (CPCC), the Military  Planning  and  Conduct  Capability (MPCC), the European Defense Agency, the European Security and Defense College (ESDC), the EU Institute for Security Studies, and the EU Satellite Center (2022)</p>"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2021": {
"text": "1.6% of GDP (2021 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
"text": "1.6% of GDP (2020 est.)"
"text": "1.6% of GDP (2020)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
"text": "1.4% of GDP (2019)"
@ -834,13 +837,15 @@
},
"Military Expenditures 2017": {
"text": "1.35% of GDP (2017)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2016": {
"text": "1.3% of GDP (2016)"
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "the 27 EU countries have a cumulative total of approximately 1.34 million active duty troops; the largest EU country military forces belonged to France, Germany, and Italy (2021)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the combined forces of NATO have approximately 3.3 million active duty personnel"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "since 2003, the EU has launched more than 30 civilian and military crisis-management, advisory, and training missions in Africa, Asia, Europe, and the Middle East, as well as counter-piracy operations off the coast of Somalia and a naval operation in the Mediterranean to disrupt human smuggling and trafficking networks and prevent the loss of life at sea (2022)"
"text": "since 2003, the EU has launched more than 30 civilian and military crisis-management, advisory, and training missions in Africa, Asia, Europe, and the Middle East, as well as counter-piracy operations off the coast of Somalia and a naval operation in the Mediterranean to disrupt human smuggling and trafficking networks and prevent the loss of life at sea (2022)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> in response to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, the EU announced that it would develop a rapid deployment force of consisting of up to 5000 troops "
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "EU Battlegroups are rapid reaction multinational military units that form a key part of the EU's capacity to respond to emerging crises and conflicts; their deployment is subject to a unanimous decision by the EU Council; the core of a battlegroup typically consists of one infantry battalion reinforced with combat and combat service support units (about 1,500 troops); the composition of the supporting units may differ depending on the mission; the troops and equipment are drawn from EU member states and under the direction of a lead nation; 2 battlegroups are always on standby for a period of 6 months; the battlegroups were declared operational in 2007, but have never been used operationally due to political and financial obstacles <br><br>the EU partners with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO); NATO is an alliance of 30 countries from North America and Europe; its role is to safeguard the security of its member countries by political and military means; NATO conducts crisis management and peacekeeping missions; member countries that participate in the military aspect of the Alliance contribute forces and equipment, which remain under national command and control until a time when they are required by NATO for a specific purpose (i.e. conflict or crisis, peacekeeping); NATO, however, does possess some common capabilities owned and operated by the Alliance, such as some early warning radar aircraft; relations between NATO and the EU were institutionalized in the early 2000s, building on steps taken during the 1990s to promote greater European responsibility in defense matters; cooperation and coordination covers a broad array of issues, including crisis management, defense and political consultations, civil preparedness, capacity building, military capabilities, maritime security, planning, cyber defense, countering hybrid threats, information sharing, logistics, defense industry, counterterrorism, etc.; NATO and the EU have 21 member countries in common <br><br>Eurocorps, which supports both the EU and NATO, was formally established in 1992 and activated the following year; it originated in 1987 with the French-German Brigade; Belgium (1993), Spain (1994), and Luxembourg (1996) joined over the next few years; five additional countries participate in Eurocorps as associated nations: Greece, Poland, and Turkey (since 2002), Italy and Romania (since 2009 and 2016 respectively); Eurocorps is headquartered in Strasbourg, France (2022)"

2
europe/en.json
View file

@ -1257,7 +1257,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "53,778 (Ukraine) (as of 6 September 2022)"
"text": "54,765 (Ukraine) (as of 13 September 2022)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "71,873 (mid-year 2021); note - following independence in 1991, automatic citizenship was restricted to those who were Estonian citizens prior to the 1940 Soviet occupation and their descendants; thousands of ethnic Russians remained stateless when forced to choose between passing Estonian language and citizenship tests or applying for Russian citizenship; one reason for demurring on Estonian citizenship was to retain the right of visa-free travel to Russia; stateless residents can vote in local elections but not general elections; stateless parents who have been lawful residents of Estonia for at least five years can apply for citizenship for their children before they turn 15 years old"

5
europe/ez.json
View file

@ -1231,7 +1231,8 @@
"text": "approximately 26,000 active personnel (20,000 Army; 6,000 Air Force) (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the Czech military has a mix of Soviet-era and more modern equipment, mostly of Western European origin; since 2010, the leading suppliers of military equipment to Czechia have been Austria and Spain (2021)"
"text": "the Czech military has a mix of Soviet-era and more modern equipment, mostly of Western European origin; since 2010, the leading suppliers of military equipment to Czechia have been Austria and Spain; Czechia has a considerable domestic defense industry; during the Cold War, Czechoslovakia was a major supplier of tanks, armored personnel carriers, military trucks, and trainer aircraft (2021)",
"note": "note: in 2019, Czechia announced a modernization plan to acquire more equipment that was compliant with NATO standards, including aircraft from the US and armored vehicles from Germany and Sweden, as well as domestically-produced arms"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-28 years of age for male and female voluntary military service; conscription abolished 2004 (2021)",
@ -1251,7 +1252,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "427,696 (Ukraine) (as of 6 September 2022)"
"text": "431,462 (Ukraine) (as of 13 September 2022)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "1,498 (mid-year 2021)"

4
europe/fi.json
View file

@ -1252,7 +1252,7 @@
"text": "approximately 22,000 active duty personnel (15,000 Army; 4,000 Navy; 3,000 Air Force) (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the inventory of the Finnish Defense Forces consists of a wide mix of mostly modern US, European, and domestically-produced weapons systems; since 2010, the US has been the leading supplier; the Finnish defense industry produces a variety of military equipment, including wheeled armored vehicles and naval vessels (2021)"
"text": "the military's inventory consists of a wide mix of mostly modern US, European, and domestically-produced weapons systems; since 2010, the US has been the leading supplier; the Finnish defense industry produces a variety of military equipment, including wheeled armored vehicles and naval vessels (2022)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "at age 18, all Finnish men are obligated to serve 5.5-12 months of service within a branch of the military or the Border Guard (length of service depends on the type of duty), and women 18-29 may volunteer for service; there is also an option to perform non-military service which lasts for 8.5 or 11.5 months; after completing their initial conscript obligation, individuals enter the reserves and remain eligible for mobilization until the age of 50 for rank-and-file and 60 for non-commissioned and commissioned officers (2022)",
@ -1271,7 +1271,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "9,053 (Iraq) (mid-year 2021); 36,866 (Ukraine) (as of 6 September 2022)"
"text": "9,053 (Iraq) (mid-year 2021); 38,588 (Ukraine) (as of 13 September 2022)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "3,416 (mid-year 2021)"

4
europe/fr.json
View file

@ -1319,8 +1319,8 @@
"text": "the French military's inventory consists mostly of domestically-produced weapons systems, including some jointly-produced with other European countries; there is a limited mix of armaments from other Western countries, particularly the US; France has a defense industry capable of manufacturing the full spectrum of air, land, and naval military weapons systems (2022)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-25 years of age for male and female voluntary military service; no conscription (abolished 2001); 1-year service obligation; women serve in noncombat posts (2021)",
"note": "<strong>note 1: </strong>in 2019, women comprised approximately approximately 16% of the uniformed armed forces  <br><br><strong>note 2: </strong>men between the ages of 17.5 and 39.5 years of age, of any nationality, may join the French Foreign Legion; those volunteers selected for service sign 5-year contracts"
"text": "18-25 years of age for voluntary military service for men and women; no conscription (abolished 2001); 12-month service obligation; women serve in noncombat posts (2022)",
"note": "<strong>note 1: </strong>in 2019, women comprised approximately approximately 16% of the uniformed armed forces  <br><br><strong>note 2: </strong>men between the ages of 17.5 and 39.5 years of age, of any nationality, may join the French Foreign Legion; those volunteers selected for service sign five-year contracts<br><br><strong>note 3:</strong> in 2018, Parliament passed a law that would require military service for all genders beginning in 2024; Prime Minister MACRON included the measure in his platform hoping that it would reinvigorate a sense of civic duty; the service would include two components: the first would take place around age 16 and include one month of training and civic service, while the second component would last between three months and a year and be more geared towards defense and security duties; France began a pilot for the program in 2019"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "approximately 4,000 Burkina Faso/Chad/Niger (Operation Barkhane, Operation Sabre; note - in 2021, France announced that it would cut the number of troops in this force to about 2,500 by 2023); approximately 300 Central African Republic; 300 Comoros; approximately 900 Cote D'Ivoire; approximately 1,450 Djibouti; 220 Estonia (NATO); approximately 2,000 French Guyana; approximately 900 French Polynesia; approximately 1,000 French West Indies; 350 Gabon; approximately 500 Middle East (Iraq/Jordan/Syria); 600 Lebanon (UNIFIL); approximately 1,400 New Caledonia; approximately 1,700 Reunion Island; 550 Romania (NATO); approximately 350 Senegal; approximately 650 United Arab Emirates (2022)",

2
europe/gr.json
View file

@ -1273,7 +1273,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "38,496 (Syria), 25,188 (Afghanistan), 12,657 (Iraq), 5,002 (West Bank and Gaza) (mid-year 2021); 18,663 (Ukraine) (as of 6 September 2022)"
"text": "38,496 (Syria), 25,188 (Afghanistan), 12,657 (Iraq), 5,002 (West Bank and Gaza) (mid-year 2021); 18,663 (Ukraine) (as of 13 September 2022)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "5,552 (mid-year 2021)"

2
europe/hr.json
View file

@ -1290,7 +1290,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "17,718 (Ukraine) (as of 6 September 2022)"
"text": "17,718 (Ukraine) (as of 13 September 2022)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "2,910 (mid-year 2021)"

2
europe/hu.json
View file

@ -1293,7 +1293,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "29,170 (Ukraine) (as of 6 September 2022)"
"text": "29,170 (Ukraine) (as of 13 September 2022)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "130 (mid-year 2021)"

2
europe/it.json
View file

@ -1289,7 +1289,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "19,441 (Nigeria), 15,337 (Pakistan), 12,962 (Afghanistan), 10,609 (Mali), 7,901 (Somalia), 5,845 (Gambia), 5,079 (Iraq) (mid-year 2021); 159,968 (Ukraine) (as of 7 September 2022)"
"text": "19,441 (Nigeria), 15,337 (Pakistan), 12,962 (Afghanistan), 10,609 (Mali), 7,901 (Somalia), 5,845 (Gambia), 5,079 (Iraq) (mid-year 2021); 159,968 (Ukraine) (as of 13 September 2022)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "3,000 (mid-year 2021)"

2
europe/je.json
View file

@ -386,7 +386,7 @@
"text": "+1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October"
},
"etymology": {
"text": "named after Saint Helier, the patron saint of Jersey, who was reputedly martyred on the island in A.D. 555"
"text": "named after Saint HELIER, the patron saint of Jersey, who was reputedly martyred on the island in A.D. 555"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {

2
europe/lg.json
View file

@ -1265,7 +1265,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "37,601 (Ukraine) (as of 6 September 2022)"
"text": "38,104 (Ukraine) (as of 13 September 2022)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "209,168 (mid-year 2021); note - individuals who were Latvian citizens prior to the 1940 Soviet occupation and their descendants were recognized as Latvian citizens when the country's independence was restored in 1991; citizens of the former Soviet Union residing in Latvia who have neither Latvian nor other citizenship are considered non-citizens (officially there is no statelessness in Latvia) and are entitled to non-citizen passports; children born after Latvian independence to stateless parents are entitled to Latvian citizenship upon their parents' request; non-citizens cannot vote or hold certain government jobs and are exempt from military service but can travel visa-free in the EU under the Schengen accord like Latvian citizens; non-citizens can obtain naturalization if they have been permanent residents of Latvia for at least five years, pass tests in Latvian language and history, and know the words of the Latvian national anthem"

2
europe/lh.json
View file

@ -1278,7 +1278,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "64,769 (Ukraine) (as of 6 September 2022)"
"text": "64,950 (Ukraine) (as of 13 September 2022)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "2,721 (mid-year 2021)"

6
europe/lo.json
View file

@ -516,7 +516,7 @@
"text": "+1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October"
},
"etymology": {
"text": "the name was adopted in 1919 after Czechoslovakia gained its independence and may derive from later transliterations of the 9th century military commander, Braslav, or the 11th century Bohemian Duke Bretislav I; alternatively, the name may derive from the Slovak words \"brat\" (brother) and \"slava\" (glory)"
"text": "the name was adopted in 1919 after Czechoslovakia gained its independence and may derive from later transliterations of the 9th century military commander, Braslav, or the 11th century Bohemian Duke BRETISLAV I; alternatively, the name may derive from the Slovak words \"brat\" (brother) and \"slava\" (glory)"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
@ -1218,7 +1218,7 @@
"text": "approximately 14,000 active duty personnel (8,000 Land Forces; 4,000 Air Forces; 2,000 other, including staff, special operations, and support forces) (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the inventory of the Slovakian military consists mostly of Soviet-era platforms; since 2010, it has imported limited quantities of equipment, particularly from Italy and the US (2021)"
"text": "the military's inventory consists mostly of Soviet-era platforms; since 2010, it has imported limited quantities of equipment, particularly from Italy and the US (2021)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-30 years of age for voluntary military service; conscription in peacetime suspended in 2004; women are eligible to serve (2021)",
@ -1238,7 +1238,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "92,491 (Ukraine) (as of 6 September 2022)"
"text": "93,384 (Ukraine) (as of 13 September 2022)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "1,532 (mid-year 2021)"

2
europe/lu.json
View file

@ -1213,7 +1213,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "6,263 (Ukraine) (as of 6 September 2022)"
"text": "6,561 (Ukraine) (as of 13 September 2022)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "194 (mid-year 2021)"

2
europe/md.json
View file

@ -1235,7 +1235,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "90,439 (Ukraine) (as of 6 September 2022)"
"text": "90,745 (Ukraine) (as of 6 September 2022)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "3,372 (mid-year 2021)"

3
europe/mk.json
View file

@ -1205,6 +1205,9 @@
"text": "<p><em>North Macedonia-Albania</em>: none identified</p> <p><em>North Macedonia-Greece</em>: none identified</p> <p><em>North Macedonia-Kosovo</em>: North Macedonia and Kosovo completed demarcation of their boundary in October 2009</p> <p><em>North Macedonia-Serbia</em>: none identified</p>"
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "5,129 (Ukraine) (as of 13 September 2022)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "553 (mid-year 2021)"
},

2
europe/mt.json
View file

@ -507,7 +507,7 @@
"text": "+1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October"
},
"etymology": {
"text": "named in honor of Jean de Valette, the Grand Master of the Order of Saint John (crusader knights), who successfully led a defense of the island from an Ottoman invasion in 1565"
"text": "named in honor of Jean de VALETTE, the Grand Master of the Order of Saint John (crusader knights), who successfully led a defense of the island from an Ottoman invasion in 1565"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {

6
europe/no.json
View file

@ -523,7 +523,7 @@
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "18 counties (fylker, singular - fylke); Akershus, Aust-Agder, Buskerud, Finnmark, Hedmark, Hordaland, More og Romsdal, Nordland, Oppland, Oslo, Ostfold, Rogaland, Sogn og Fjordane, Telemark, Troms, Trondelag, Vest-Agder, Vestfold"
"text": "11 counties (fylker, singular - fylke); Agder, Innlandet, More og Romsdal, Nordland, Oslo, Rogaland, Troms og Finnmark, Trondelag, Vestfold og Telemark, Vestland, Viken"
},
"Dependent areas": {
"text": "Bouvet Island, Jan Mayen, Svalbard"
@ -602,7 +602,7 @@
}
},
"Political parties and leaders": {
"text": "<p>Center Party or Sp [Trygve Slagsvold VEDUM]<br>Christian Democratic Party or KrF [Olaug BOLLESTAD] <br>Conservative Party or H [Erna SOLBERG] <br>Green Party or MDG [Une Aina BASTHOLM]  <br>Labor Party or Ap [Jonas Gahr STORE] <br>Liberal Party or V [Guri MELBY]<br>Patient Focus or PF [Irene OJALA]<br>Progress Party or FrP [Sylvi LISTHAUG] <br>Red Party or R [Bjonar MOXNES]<br>Socialist Left Party or SV [Audun LYSBAKKEN]</p>"
"text": "<p>Center Party or Sp [Trygve Slagsvold VEDUM]<br>Christian Democratic Party or KrF [Olaug Vervik BOLLESTAD] <br>Conservative Party or H [Erna SOLBERG] <br>Green Party or MDG [Une Aina BASTHOLM]  <br>Labor Party or Ap [Jonas Gahr STORE] <br>Liberal Party or V [Guri MELBY]<br>Patient Focus or PF [Irene OJALA]<br>Progress Party or FrP [Sylvi LISTHAUG] <br>Red Party or R [Bjonar MOXNES]<br>Socialist Left Party or SV [Audun LYSBAKKEN]</p>"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ADB (nonregional member), AfDB (nonregional member), Arctic Council, Australia Group, BIS, CBSS, CD, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, EFTA, EITI (implementing country), ESA, FAO, FATF, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD (partners), IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINUSMA, NATO, NC, NEA, NIB, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, Paris Club, PCA, Schengen Convention, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNITAR, UNMISS, UNRWA, UNTSO, UNWTO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC"
@ -1246,7 +1246,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "15,542 (Syria), 11,965 (Eritrea) (mid-year 2021); 25,868 (Ukraine) (as of 6 September 2022)"
"text": "15,542 (Syria), 11,965 (Eritrea) (mid-year 2021); 26,669 (Ukraine) (as of 13 September 2022)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "4,154 (mid-year 2021)"

4
europe/pl.json
View file

@ -637,7 +637,7 @@
}
},
"Political parties and leaders": {
"text": "Civic Coalition or KO [Grzegorz SCHETYNA and Małgorzata KIDAWA-BLONSKA]<br>Confederation Liberty and Independence or KORWiN [Janusz KORWIN-MIKKE, Robert WINNICKI, Grzegorz BRAUN]<br>Law and Justice or PiS [Jaroslaw KACZYNSKI]<br>Polish Coalition or PSL [Wladyslaw KOSINIAK-KAMYSZ]<br>The Left [Wlodzimierz CZARZASTY]"
"text": "Civic Coalition or KO [collective leadership]<br>Confederation Liberty and Independence or KORWiN [Janusz KORWIN-MIKKE, Robert WINNICKI, Grzegorz BRAUN]<br>Law and Justice or PiS [Jaroslaw KACZYNSKI]<br>Polish Coalition or PSL [Wladyslaw KOSINIAK-KAMYSZ]<br>The Left [Wlodzimierz CZARZASTY]"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "Arctic Council (observer), Australia Group, BIS, BSEC (observer), CBSS, CD, CE, CEI, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, ESA, EU, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MONUSCO, NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OIF (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PCA, Schengen Convention, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNOCI, UN Security Council (temporary), UNWTO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC"
@ -1317,7 +1317,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "9,870 (Russia) (2019); 1,365,810 (Ukraine) (as of 6 September 2022)"
"text": "9,870 (Russia) (2019); 1,379,470 (Ukraine) (as of 13 September 2022)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "1,389 (mid-year 2021)"

2
europe/po.json
View file

@ -601,7 +601,7 @@
}
},
"Political parties and leaders": {
"text": "Democratic Alliance (2022 electoral alliance in the Azores, includes PSD, CDS-PP, PPM)<br>Democratic and Social Center/Popular Party (Partido do Centro Democratico Social-Partido Popular) or CDS-PP [Nuno MELO]<br>Ecologist Party \"The Greens\" or \"Os Verdes\" (Partido Ecologista-Os Verdes) or PEV [Heloisa APOLONIA]<br>Enough (Chega) [Andre VENTURA]<br>Liberal Initiative (Iniciativa Liberal) or IL [Joao COTRIM DE FIGUEIREDO]<br>Madeira First (2022 electoral alliance in Madeira, includes PSD, CDS-PP)<br>People-Animals-Nature Party (Pessoas-Animais-Natureza) or PAN [Ines SOUSA REAL]<br>People's Monarchist Party or PPM [Gonçalo DA CAMARA PEREIRA]<br>Portuguese Communist Party (Partido Comunista Portugues) or PCP [Jeronimo DE SOUSA]<br>Social Democratic Party (Partido Social Democrata) or PSD (original name Partido Popular Democratico or PPD) [Luis MONTENEGRO]<br>Socialist Party (Partido Socialista) or PS [Antonio COSTA]<br>The Left Bloc (Bloco de Esquerda) or BE or O Bloco [Catarina MARTINS]<br>Unitary Democratic Coalition (Coligacao Democratica Unitaria) or CDU [Jeronimo DE SOUSA] (includes PCP and PEV)"
"text": "Democratic Alliance (2022 electoral alliance in the Azores, includes PSD, CDS-PP, PPM)<br>Democratic and Social Center/People's Party (Partido do Centro Democratico Social-Partido Popular) or CDS-PP [Nuno MELO]<br>Ecologist Party \"The Greens\" or \"Os Verdes\" (Partido Ecologista-Os Verdes) or PEV [Heloisa APOLONIA]<br>Enough (Chega) [Andre VENTURA]<br>Liberal Initiative (Iniciativa Liberal) or IL [Joao COTRIM DE FIGUEIREDO]<br>Madeira First (2022 electoral alliance in Madeira, includes PSD, CDS-PP)<br>People-Animals-Nature Party (Pessoas-Animais-Natureza) or PAN [Ines SOUSA REAL]<br>People's Monarchist Party or PPM [Gonçalo DA CAMARA PEREIRA]<br>Portuguese Communist Party (Partido Comunista Portugues) or PCP [Jeronimo DE SOUSA]<br>Social Democratic Party (Partido Social Democrata) or PSD [Luis MONTENEGRO] (formerly the Partido Popular Democratico or PPD)<br>Socialist Party (Partido Socialista) or PS [Antonio COSTA]<br>The Left Bloc (Bloco de Esquerda) or BE or O Bloco [Catarina MARTINS]<br>Unitary Democratic Coalition (Coligacao Democratica Unitaria) or CDU [Jeronimo DE SOUSA] (includes PCP and PEV)"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ADB (nonregional member), AfDB (nonregional member), Australia Group, BIS, CD, CE, CERN, CPLP, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, FATF, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAIA (observer), MIGA, MINUSMA, NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, Pacific Alliance (observer), Paris Club (associate), PCA, Schengen Convention, SELEC (observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC"

8
europe/ri.json
View file

@ -1236,7 +1236,7 @@
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Serbian Armed Forces (Vojska Srbije, VS): Land Forces (includes Riverine Component, consisting of a naval flotilla on the Danube), Air and Air Defense Forces, Serbian Guard; Police Directorate of the Serbian Ministry of Interior: Gendarmerie (2022)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the Serbian Guard is a brigade-sized unit that is directly subordinate to the Serbian Armed Forces Chief of General Staff"
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the Serbian Guard is a brigade-sized unit that is directly subordinate to the Serbian Armed Forces Chief of General Staff; its duties include safeguarding key defense facilities and rendering military honors to top foreign, state, and military officials <br>"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2021": {
@ -1259,7 +1259,7 @@
"text": "information varies; approximately 25,000 active duty troops (15,000 Land Forces; 5,000 Air/Air Defense; 5,000 other); approximately 3,000 Gendarmerie (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the inventory of the Serbian Armed Forces consists of Russian and Soviet-era weapons systems; since 2010, Russia has been the top supplier of military hardware (2021)"
"text": "the inventory of the Serbian Armed Forces consists of Russian and Soviet-era weapons systems; since 2010, Russia has been the largest suppliers of arms to Serbia; China has also provided a growing amount of arms (2022)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18 years of age for voluntary military service for men and women; conscription abolished January 2011 (2021)",
@ -1278,7 +1278,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "17,336 (Croatia), 7,997 (Bosnia and Herzegovina) (mid-year 2021); 18,174 (Ukraine) (includes Kosovo; as of 7 September 2022)"
"text": "17,336 (Croatia), 7,997 (Bosnia and Herzegovina) (mid-year 2021); 18,792 (Ukraine) (includes Kosovo; as of 13 September 2022)"
},
"IDPs": {
"text": "196,995 (most are Kosovar Serbs, some are Roma, Ashkalis, and Egyptian (RAE); some RAE IDPs are unregistered) (2021)"
@ -1286,7 +1286,7 @@
"stateless persons": {
"text": "2,113 (includes stateless persons in Kosovo) (mid-year 2021)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 864,383 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-July 2022); Serbia is predominantly a transit country and hosts an estimated 5,918 migrants and asylum seekers as of May 2022"
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 868,038 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-August 2022); Serbia is predominantly a transit country and hosts an estimated 5,918 migrants and asylum seekers as of May 2022"
},
"Illicit drugs": {
"text": "<p>drug trafficking groups are major players in the procurement and transportation of large quantities of cocaine destined for European markets</p>"

4
europe/ro.json
View file

@ -618,7 +618,7 @@
}
},
"Political parties and leaders": {
"text": "2020 USR-PLUS Alliance [Dan BARNA and Dacian CIOLOS] (dissolved 16 April 2021)<br>Alliance for the Fatherland or APP [Codrin STEFANESCU]<br>Alliance for the Unity of Romanians or AUR [George SIMION]<br>Alliance of Liberals and Democrats or ALDE [Daniel OLTEANU]<br>Christian-Democratic National Peasants' Party or PNT-CD [Aurelian PAVELESCU]<br>Civic Hungarian Party [Zsolt BIRO]<br>Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania or UDMR [Hunor KELEMEN]<br>Ecologist Party of Romania or PER [Danut POP]<br>Force of the Right [Ludovic ORBAN]<br>Greater Romania Party or PRM [Victor IOVICI]<br>Green Party [Silviu DUMITRU]<br>National Liberal Party or PNL [Nicolae CIUCA]<br>Our Romania Alliance [Marian MUNTEANU]<br>Party of Liberty, Unity, and Solidarity or PLUS [Dacian CIOLOS] (dissolved 16 April 2021)<br>Popular Movement Party or PMP [Eugen TOMAC]<br>PRO Romania [Victor PONTA]<br>Romanian Nationhood Party [Ninel PEIA]<br>Save Romania Union Party or USR [Catalin DRULA]<br>Social Democratic Party or PSD [Marcel CIOLACU]<br>Social Liberal Humanist Party or PUSL [Daniel IONASCU] (formerly Humanist Power Party (Social-Liberal) or PPU-SL)<br>United Romania Party or PRU [Robert BUGA]"
"text": "2020 USR-PLUS Alliance [Dan BARNA and Dacian CIOLOS] (dissolved 16 April 2021)<br>Alliance for the Fatherland or APP [Codrin STEFANESCU]<br>Alliance for the Unity of Romanians or AUR [George SIMION]<br>Christian-Democratic National Peasants' Party or PNT-CD [Aurelian PAVELESCU]<br>Civic Hungarian Party [Zsolt BIRO]<br>Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania or UDMR [Hunor KELEMEN]<br>Ecologist Party of Romania or PER [Danut POP]<br>Force of the Right or FD [Ludovic ORBAN]<br>Greater Romania Party or PRM [Victor IOVICI]<br>Green Party [Marius LAZAR and Lavinia COSMA]<br>National Liberal Party or PNL [Nicolae CIUCA]<br>Party of Liberty, Unity, and Solidarity or PLUS [Dacian CIOLOS] (dissolved 16 April 2021)<br>Popular Movement Party or PMP [Eugen TOMAC]<br>PRO Romania or PRO[Victor PONTA]<br>Romanian Nationhood Party [Ninel PEIA]<br>Save Romania Union Party or USR [Catalin DRULA]<br>Social Democratic Party or PSD [Marcel CIOLACU]<br>Social Liberal Humanist Party or PUSL [Daniel IONASCU] (formerly Humanist Power Party (Social-Liberal) or PPU-SL)<br>United Romania Party or PRU [Robert BUGA]"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "Australia Group, BIS, BSEC, CBSS (observer), CD, CE, CEI, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, ESA, EU, FAO, G-9, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAIA (observer), MIGA, MONUSCO, NATO, NSG, OAS (observer), OIF, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, SELEC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC"
@ -1281,7 +1281,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "86,178 (Ukraine) (as of 5 August 2022)"
"text": "81,158 (Ukraine) (as of 11 September 2022)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "314 (mid-year 2021)"

6
europe/si.json
View file

@ -1221,7 +1221,7 @@
"text": "approximately 6,000 active duty troops (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the inventory of the Slovenian Armed Forces is a mix of Soviet-era and smaller quantities of more modern Russian and Western equipment; since 2010, it has received limited amounts of military equipment from several countries led by France and Russia (2021)"
"text": "the military's inventory is a mix of Soviet-era and smaller quantities of more modern Russian and Western equipment; since 2010, it has received limited amounts of military equipment from several countries led by France and Russia (2021)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-25 years of age for voluntary military service (men and women); conscription abolished in 2003 (2021)",
@ -1241,12 +1241,12 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "7,279 (Ukraine) (as of 6 September 2022)"
"text": "7,604 (Ukraine) (as of 13 September 2022)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "10 (2020)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:  </strong>544,590 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-July 2022)"
"note": "<strong>note:  </strong>547,645 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-August 2022)"
},
"Illicit drugs": {
"text": "minor transit point for cocaine and Southwest Asian heroin bound for Western Europe, and for precursor chemicals"

3
europe/sm.json
View file

@ -878,7 +878,8 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "no regular military forces; Voluntary Military Corps (Corpi Militari), which includes a Uniformed Militia (performs ceremonial duties and limited police support functions) and Guard of the Great and General Council (defends the Captains Regent and the Great and General Council, participates in official ceremonies, cooperates with the maintenance of public order on special occasions, and performs guard duties during parliamentary sittings); the Police Corps includes the Gendarmerie, which is responsible for maintaining public order, protecting citizens and their property, and providing assistance during disasters (2022)"
"text": "Military Corps (National Guard): Guard of the Rock (or Fortress Guard), Uniformed Militia, Guard of the Great and General Council, Corps of the Gendarmerie; Ministry of Internal Affairs: Civil Police Corps (2022)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the captains regent oversee the Gendarmerie and National Guard when they are performing duties related to public order and security; the Ministry of Foreign Affairs exercises control over such administrative functions as personnel and equipment, and the courts exercise control over the Gendarmerie when it acts as judicial police"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18 is the legal minimum age for voluntary military service; no conscription; government has the authority to call up all San Marino citizens from 16-60 years of age to serve in the military (2021)"

8
europe/sp.json
View file

@ -1253,7 +1253,7 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Spanish Armed Forces: Army (Ejercito de Tierra), Spanish Navy (Armada Espanola, AE, includes Marine Corps), Spanish Air Force (Ejercito del Aire Espanola, EdA); Civil Guard (Guardia Civil) (2022)",
"text": "Spanish Armed Forces: Army (Ejercito de Tierra), Spanish Navy (Armada Espanola, AE; includes Marine Corps), Spanish Air Force (Ejercito del Aire Espanola, EdA); Civil Guard (Guardia Civil) (2022)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the Civil Guard is a military force with police duties (including coast guard) under both the Ministry of Defense and the Ministry of the Interior; it also responds to the needs of the Ministry of Finance"
},
"Military expenditures": {
@ -1280,7 +1280,7 @@
"text": "the inventory of the Spanish military is comprised of domestically-produced and imported Western weapons systems; France, Germany, and the US have been the leading suppliers of military hardware since 2010; Spain's defense industry manufactures land, air, and sea weapons systems and is integrated within the European defense-industrial sector (2021)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-26 years of age for voluntary military service by a Spanish citizen or legal immigrant, 2-3 year obligation; women allowed to serve in all branches, including combat units; no conscription (abolished 2001), but Spanish Government retains right to mobilize citizens 19-25 years of age in a national emergency (2021)",
"text": "18-26 years of age for voluntary military service by a Spanish citizen or legal immigrant, 2-3 year obligation; women allowed to serve in all branches, including combat units; no conscription (abolished 2001), but the Spanish Government retains the right to mobilize citizens 19-25 years of age in a national emergency (2021)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> as of 2019, women comprised about 13% of the military's full-time personnel"
},
"Military deployments": {
@ -1288,7 +1288,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>in response to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, some NATO countries, including Spain, have sent additional troops and equipment to the battlegroups deployed in NATO territory in eastern Europe"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "Spain joined NATO in 1982 but refrained from participating in the integrated military structure until 1996<br><br>the Spanish Marine Corps, established in 1537, is the oldest marine corps in the world"
"text": "Spain joined NATO in 1982 but refrained from participating in the integrated military structure until 1996<br><br>the Spanish Marine Corps, established in 1537, is the oldest marine corps in the world; the Spanish Army has an infantry regiment, formed in the 13th century, that is considered the oldest still active military unit in the western world "
}
},
"Terrorism": {
@ -1303,7 +1303,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "14,823 (Syria) (mid-year 2021); 418,200 (Venezuela) (economic and political crisis; includes Venezuelans who have claimed asylum, are recognized as refugees, or have received alternative legal stay) (2021); 140,391 (Ukraine) (as of 4 September 2022)"
"text": "14,823 (Syria) (mid-year 2021); 418,200 (Venezuela) (economic and political crisis; includes Venezuelans who have claimed asylum, are recognized as refugees, or have received alternative legal stay) (2021); 141,846 (Ukraine) (as of 11 September 2022)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "692 (mid-year 2021)"

12
europe/sw.json
View file

@ -573,7 +573,7 @@
"text": "King CARL XVI GUSTAF (since 15 September 1973); Heir Apparent Princess VICTORIA Ingrid Alice Desiree (daughter of the monarch, born 14 July 1977)"
},
"head of government": {
"text": "Prime Minister Magdalena ANDERSSON (since 30 November 2021); Deputy Prime Minister Morgan JOHANSSON (since 10 September 2019)"
"text": "Prime Minister Magdalena ANDERSSON (since 30 November 2021); resigned on 15 September 2022 but will remain in caretaker status until a new government is formed; Deputy Prime Minister Morgan JOHANSSON (since 10 September 2019)"
},
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet appointed by the prime minister"
@ -587,10 +587,10 @@
"text": "unicameral Parliament or Riksdag (349 seats; 310 members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by open party-list proportional representation vote and 39 members in \"at-large\" seats directly elected by open party-list proportional representation vote; members serve 4-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 9 September 2018 (next to be held on 11 September 2022)"
"text": "last held on 11 September 2022"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - SAP 28.3%, M 19.8%, SD 17.5%, C 8.6%, V 8%, KD 6.3%, L 5.5%, MP 4.4%, other 1.6%; seats by party - SAP 100, M 70, SD 62, C 31, V 28, KD 22, L 20, MP 16; composition as of mid-2022 - men 188, women 161, percent of women 46%"
"text": "percent of vote by party - SAP 30.3%, M 19.1%, SD 20.5%, C 6.7%, V 6.7%, KD 5.3%, L 4.6%, MP 5.1%, other 1.7%; seats by party - SAP 107, M 68, SD 73, C 24, V 24, KD 19, L 16, MP 18; composition as of mid-2022 - men 188, women 161, percent of women 46%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
@ -605,7 +605,7 @@
}
},
"Political parties and leaders": {
"text": "Center Party (Centerpartiet) or C [Annie LOOF]<br>Christian Democrats (Kristdemokraterna) or KD [Ebba BUSCH]<br>Green Party (Miljopartiet de Grona) or MP [Marta STEVENI and Per BOLUND]<br>Left Party (Vansterpartiet) or V [Nooshi DADGOSTAR]<br>Liberal Party (Liberalerna) or L [Johan PEHRSON]<br>Moderate Party (Moderaterna) or M [Ulf KRISTERSSON]<br>Sweden Democrats (Sverigedemokraterna) or SD [Jimmie AKESSON]<br>Swedish Social Democratic Party (Socialdemokraterna) or SAP [Magdalena ANDERSSON]"
"text": "Center Party (Centerpartiet) or C [Annie LOOF resigned on 15 September 2022]<br>Christian Democrats (Kristdemokraterna) or KD [Ebba BUSCH]<br>Green Party (Miljopartiet de Grona) or MP [Marta STEVENI and Per BOLUND]<br>Left Party (Vansterpartiet) or V [Nooshi DADGOSTAR]<br>Liberal Party (Liberalerna) or L [Johan PEHRSON]<br>Moderate Party (Moderaterna) or M [Ulf KRISTERSSON]<br>Sweden Democrats (Sverigedemokraterna) or SD [Jimmie AKESSON]<br>Swedish Social Democratic Party (Socialdemokraterna) or SAP [Magdalena ANDERSSON]"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ADB (nonregional member), AfDB (nonregional member), Arctic Council, Australia Group, BIS, CBSS, CD, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EITI (implementing country), EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, FATF, G-9, G-10, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD (partners), IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINUSMA, MONUSCO, NC, NEA, NIB, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, Paris Club, PCA, PFP, Schengen Convention, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMISS, UNMOGIP, UNRWA, UN Security Council (temporary), UNSOM, UNTSO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC"
@ -1249,7 +1249,7 @@
"text": "approximately 200 Mali (MINUSMA) (2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>Sweden maintains a policy of military non-alignment, but cooperates with NATO and regional countries; it joined NATO’s Partnership for Peace program in 1994 and has contributed to NATO-led missions, including those in Afghanistan, Iraq, and Kosovo; Sweden applied for NATO membership in May 2022</p> <p>the Swedish military cooperates closely with the military forces of other Nordic countries through the Nordic Defense Cooperation (NORDEFCO), which consists of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden; areas of cooperation include armaments, education, human resources, training and exercises, and operations; NORDEFCO was established in 2009<strong> </strong></p> <p>Sweden is a signatory of the EU’s Common Security and Defense Policy and contributes to CSDP missions and operations</p>"
"text": "Sweden maintains a policy of military non-alignment, but cooperates with NATO and regional countries; it joined NATO’s Partnership for Peace program in 1994 and has contributed to NATO-led missions, including those in Afghanistan, Iraq, and Kosovo; Sweden applied for NATO membership in May 2022<br><br>the Swedish military cooperates closely with the military forces of other Nordic countries through the Nordic Defense Cooperation (NORDEFCO), which consists of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden; areas of cooperation include armaments, education, human resources, training and exercises, and operations; NORDEFCO was established in 2009<br><br>Sweden is a signatory of the EU’s Common Security and Defense Policy and contributes to CSDP missions and operations (2022)"
}
},
"Terrorism": {
@ -1264,7 +1264,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "114,995 (Syria), 28,744 (Afghanistan), 26,911 (Eritrea), 11,574 (Somalia), 11,153 (Iraq), 7,516 (Iran) (2020); 46,468 (Ukraine) (as of 6 September 2022)"
"text": "114,995 (Syria), 28,744 (Afghanistan), 26,911 (Eritrea), 11,574 (Somalia), 11,153 (Iraq), 7,516 (Iran) (2020); 46,938 (Ukraine) (as of 13 September 2022)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "50,098 (mid-year 2021); note - the majority of stateless people are from the Middle East and Somalia"

6
europe/sz.json
View file

@ -1251,10 +1251,10 @@
"text": "the Swiss Armed Forces maintain a full-time professional cadre of about 4,000 personnel along with approximately 18-20,000 conscripts brought in annually for 18-23 weeks of training; approximately 120,000 reserve forces (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the Swiss Armed Forces inventory includes a mix of domestically-produced and imported weapons systems; the US has been the leading supplier of military armaments to Switzerland since 2010; the Swiss defense industry produces a range of military land vehicles (2021)"
"text": "the military's inventory includes a mix of domestically-produced and imported weapons systems; the US has been the leading supplier of military armaments to Switzerland since 2010; the Swiss defense industry produces a range of military land vehicles (2021)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-30 years of age for male compulsory military service; 18 years of age for voluntary male and female military service; every Swiss male has to serve at least 245 days in the armed forces; conscripts receive 18 weeks of mandatory training, followed by six 19-day intermittent recalls for training during the next 10 years (2021)",
"text": "18-30 years of age for compulsory military service for men; 18 years of age for voluntary military service; women may volunteer; every Swiss male has to serve at least 245 days in the armed forces; conscripts receive 18 weeks of mandatory training, followed by six 19-day intermittent recalls for training during the next 10 years (2022)",
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>conscientious objectors can choose 390 days of community service instead of military service"
},
"Military deployments": {
@ -1276,7 +1276,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "38,219 (Eritrea), 20,043 (Syria), 14,649 (Afghanistan), 6,069 (Sri Lanka), 6,197 (Turkey) (mid-year 2021); 62,432 (Ukraine) (as of 6 September 2022)"
"text": "38,219 (Eritrea), 20,043 (Syria), 14,649 (Afghanistan), 6,069 (Sri Lanka), 6,197 (Turkey) (mid-year 2021); 61,239 (Ukraine) (as of 13 September 2022)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "684 (mid-year 2021)"

2
europe/uk.json
View file

@ -1273,7 +1273,7 @@
"text": "the inventory of the British military is comprised of a mix of domestically-produced and imported Western weapons systems; the US has been the leading supplier of armaments to the UK since 2010; the UK defense industry is capable of producing a wide variety of air, land, and sea weapons systems and is one of the world's top weapons suppliers (2021)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "slight variations by service, but generally 16-36 years of age for enlisted (with parental consent under 18) and 18-29 for officers; minimum length of service 4 years; women serve in military services including ground combat roles; conscription abolished in 1963 (2021)",
"text": "slight variations by service, but generally 16-36 years of age for enlisted (with parental consent under 18) and 18-29 for officers; minimum length of service 4 years; women serve in military services including combat roles; conscription abolished in 1963 (2021)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> as of 2019, women made up about 11% of the military's full-time personnel"
},
"Military deployments": {

6
europe/up.json
View file

File diff suppressed because one or more lines are too long

10
middle-east/ae.json
View file

@ -61,7 +61,7 @@
},
"Elevation": {
"highest point": {
"text": "Jabal Bil 'Ays 1,905 m<br>note - the Factbook map is incorrect; it shows the wrong location of the high elevation"
"text": "Jabal Bil 'Ays 1,905 m"
},
"lowest point": {
"text": "Persian Gulf 0 m"
@ -515,7 +515,7 @@
"text": "UTC+4 (9 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"etymology": {
"text": "in Arabic, \"abu\" means \"father\" and \"dhabi\" refers to \"gazelle\"; the name may derive from an abundance of gazelles that used to live in the area, as well as a folk tale involving the \"Father of the Gazelle,\" Shakhbut bin Dhiyab al Nahyan, whose hunting party tracked a gazelle to a spring on the island where Abu Dhabi was founded"
"text": "in Arabic, \"abu\" means \"father\" and \"dhabi\" refers to \"gazelle\"; the name may derive from an abundance of gazelles that used to live in the area, as well as a folk tale involving the \"Father of the Gazelle,\" Shakhbut BIN DHIYAB AL NAHYAN, whose hunting party tracked a gazelle to a spring on the island where Abu Dhabi was founded"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
@ -1227,17 +1227,17 @@
"text": "approximately 65,000 active personnel (45,000 Land Forces; 3,000 Navy; 5,000 Air Force; 12,000 Presidential Guard) (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the UAE Armed Forces inventory is comprised of wide variety of mostly modern imported equipment; since 2010, the UAE has acquired military equipment from more than 20 countries with France, Russia, and the US as the leading suppliers; in recent years, the UAE has tried to boost its domestic defense industry (2022)"
"text": "the military's inventory is comprised of wide variety of mostly modern imported equipment; since 2010, the UAE has acquired military equipment from more than 20 countries with France, Russia, and the US as the leading suppliers; in recent years, the UAE has tried to boost its domestic defense industry (2022)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-30 years of age for compulsory military service for men (compulsory service initiated in 2014); 17 years of age for male volunteers with parental approval; males can volunteer up to age 40; 24-month general service obligation, 16 months for secondary school graduates; women can volunteer to serve for 9 months regardless of education (2022)",
"text": "18-30 years of age for compulsory military service for men (compulsory service initiated in 2014); 17 years of age for volunteers with parental approval; men can volunteer up to age 40; 24-month general service obligation, 16 months for secondary school graduates; women can volunteer to serve for 9 months regardless of education (2022)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> compulsory service may be completed in the uniformed military, the Ministry of Interior, the State Security Service, or other institutions designated by the military leadership"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "estimates vary; reportedly a few hundred remain in Yemen; maintains military bases in Eritrea and Somalia (2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the UAE hosts a multi-service French military base, which includes the French naval command for the Indian Ocean (ALINDIEN); the UAE has a defense cooperation agreement with the US and hosted about 3,500 US troops, mostly air and naval personnel<br><br>in 2015, UAE intervened militarily in Yemen as part of the Saudi-led coalition in support of the Republic of Yemen Government with an estimated 3,500 troops, as well as supporting air and naval forces; UAE withdrew its main military force from Yemen in 2019, but has retained a small military presence while working with proxies in southern Yemen, most notably the Southern Transitional Council (STC)<br><br>the UAE's military traces its origins to the establishment of the Trucial Oman Scouts in 1951, a joint UK-Abu Dhabi organization modeled after Jordan’s Arab Legion, which became the Abu Dhabi Defense Force in 1965; the modern Emirati armed forces were formed in 1976 (2022)"
"text": "the UAE hosts a multi-service French military base, which includes the French naval command for the Indian Ocean (ALINDIEN); the UAE has a defense cooperation agreement with the US and hosts about 3,500 US troops, mostly air and naval personnel<br><br>in 2015, UAE intervened militarily in Yemen as part of the Saudi-led coalition in support of the Republic of Yemen Government with an estimated 3,500 troops, as well as supporting air and naval forces; UAE withdrew its main military force from Yemen in 2019, but has retained a small military presence while working with proxies in southern Yemen, most notably the Southern Transitional Council (STC)<br><br>the UAE's military traces its origins to the establishment of the Trucial Oman Scouts in 1951, a joint UK-Abu Dhabi organization modeled after Jordan’s Arab Legion, which became the Abu Dhabi Defense Force in 1965; the modern Emirati armed forces were formed in 1976 (2022)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

2
middle-east/am.json
View file

@ -1209,7 +1209,7 @@
"text": "the inventory of the Armenian Armed Forces includes mostly Russian and Soviet-era equipment (2022)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-27 years of age for voluntary (men and women) or compulsory (men only) military service; 2-year conscript service obligation, which can be served as an officer upon deferment for university studies if enrolled in officer-producing program; 17-year-olds are eligible to become cadets at military higher education institutes, where they are classified as military personnel; citizens aged 27 to 50 are registered in the military reserve and may be called to serve if mobilization is declared (2021)",
"text": "18-36 years of age for voluntary/contractual (men and women) or compulsory (men only) military service; contractual military service contracts are concluded for 3-12 months, or for a term of 3-5 years; 2-year conscript service obligation, which can be served as an officer upon deferment for university studies if enrolled in officer-producing program; 17-year-olds are eligible to become cadets at military higher education institutes, where they are classified as military personnel; citizens aged 27 to 50 are registered in the military reserve and may be called to serve if mobilization is declared (2021)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> as of 2021, conscripts comprised about half of the military's active personnel; as of 2018, women made up about 13% of the active duty military"
},
"Military - note": {

2
middle-east/gg.json
View file

@ -1247,7 +1247,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "26,232 (Ukraine) (as of 6 September 2022)"
"text": "26,031 (Ukraine) (as of 13 September 2022)"
},
"IDPs": {
"text": "305,000 (displaced in the 1990s as a result of armed conflict in the breakaway republics of Abkhazia and South Ossetia; displaced in 2008 by fighting between Georgia and Russia over South Ossetia) (2021)"

2
middle-east/iz.json
View file

@ -1290,7 +1290,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "15,272 (Turkey), 7,881 (West Bank and Gaza Strip) (mid-year 2021); 263,783 (Syria) (2022)"
"text": "15,272 (Turkey), 7,881 (West Bank and Gaza Strip) (mid-year 2021); 265,384 (Syria) (2022)"
},
"IDPs": {
"text": "1,184,818 (displacement in central and northern Iraq since January 2014) (2022)"

2
middle-east/le.json
View file

@ -613,7 +613,7 @@
}
},
"Political parties and leaders": {
"text": "<p>Al-Ahbash or Association of Islamic Charitable Projects or AICP [Adnan TARABULSI]<br>Amal Movement (\"Hope Movement\") [Nabih BERRI]<br>Azm Movement [Najib MIQATI]<br>Ba’th Arab Socialist Party of Lebanon [Fayiz SHUKR]<br>Free Patriotic Movement or FPM [Gibran BASSIL]<br>Future Movement Bloc or FM [Sa'ad al-HARIRI]<br>Hizballah [Hassan NASRALLAH]<br>Islamic Action Front or IAF [Sheikh Zuhayr al-JU’AYD]<br>Kata'ib Party [Sami GEMAYEL]<br>Lebanese Democratic Party [Talal ARSLAN]<br>Lebanese Forces or LF [Samir JA'JA]<br>Marada Movement [Sulayman FRANJIEH]<br>Progressive Socialist Party or PSP [Walid JUNBLATT]<br>Social Democrat Hunshaqian Party [Sabuh KALPAKIAN]<br>Syrian Social Nationalist Party or SSNP [Rabi BANAT]<br>Tashnaq or Armenian Revolutionary Federation [Hagop PAKRADOUNIAN]</p>"
"text": "<p>Al-Ahbash or Association of Islamic Charitable Projects or AICP [Shaykh Hussam QARAQIRA]<br>Amal Movement (\"Hope Movement\") [Nabih BERRI]<br>Azm Movement [Najib MIQATI]<br>Ba’th Arab Socialist Party of Lebanon [leader disputed]<br>Free Patriotic Movement or FPM [Gibran BASSIL]<br>Future Movement Bloc or FM [Sa'ad al-HARIRI]<br>Hizballah [Hassan NASRALLAH]<br>Islamic Action Front or IAF [Sheikh Zuhayr al-JU’AYD]<br>Kata'ib Party [Sami GEMAYEL]<br>Lebanese Democratic Party [Talal ARSLAN]<br>Lebanese Forces or LF [Samir JA'JA]<br>Marada Movement [Sulayman FRANJIEH]<br>Progressive Socialist Party or PSP [Walid JUNBLATT]<br>Social Democrat Hunshaqian Party [Sabuh KALPAKIAN]<br>Syrian Social Nationalist Party or SSNP [Rabi BANAT]<br>Tashnaq or Armenian Revolutionary Federation [Hagop PAKRADOUNIAN]</p>"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ABEDA, AFESD, AMF, CAEU, FAO, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, LAS, MIGA, NAM, OAS (observer), OIC, OIF, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNRWA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer)"

2
middle-east/mu.json
View file

@ -513,7 +513,7 @@
"text": "UTC+4 (9 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"etymology": {
"text": "the name, whose meaning is uncertain, traces back almost two millennia; two 2nd century A.D. scholars, the geographer Ptolemy and the historian Arrian, both mention an Arabian Sea coastal town of Moscha, which most likely referred to Muscat"
"text": "the name, whose meaning is uncertain, traces back almost two millennia; two 2nd century A.D. scholars, the geographer PTOLEMY and the historian ARRIAN, both mention an Arabian Sea coastal town of Moscha, which most likely referred to Muscat"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {

Some files were not shown because too many files have changed in this diff Show more