apunkt/factbook.json
1
0
Fork 0
mirror of https://github.com/factbook/factbook.json.git synced 2026-06-10 18:55:12 +02:00
Code Issues Projects Releases Packages Wiki Activity Actions

auto-update week 20

Browse source
This commit is contained in:
Yo Robot 2024-05-17 14:13:55 +00:00
parent 3c5f0e3aa4
commit c84be3ac09
244 changed files with 4116 additions and 1503 deletions
Download patch file Download diff file Expand all files Collapse all files

31
africa/ag.json
View file

@ -787,10 +787,10 @@
},
"Average household expenditures": {
"on food": {
"text": "37.3% of household expenditures (2018 est.)"
"text": "37.3% of household expenditures (2021 est.)"
},
"on alcohol and tobacco": {
"text": "1% of household expenditures (2018 est.)"
"text": "1% of household expenditures (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Household income or consumption by percentage share": {
@ -1163,12 +1163,27 @@
"text": "bulk carrier 1, container ship 4, general cargo 11, oil tanker 14, other 89"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Algiers, Annaba, Arzew, Bejaia, Djendjene, Jijel, Mostaganem, Oran, Skikda"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "17 (2024)"
},
"LNG terminal(s) (export)": {
"text": "Arzew, Bethioua, Skikda"
"large": {
"text": "2"
},
"medium": {
"text": "1"
},
"small": {
"text": "6"
},
"very small": {
"text": "8"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "3"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Alger, Annaba, Arzew, Arzew El Djedid, Bejaia, Mers El Kebir, Oran, Port Methanier, Skikda"
}
}
},
@ -1205,7 +1220,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>conscripts comprise an estimated 70% of the military"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the ANP is responsible for external defense but also has some internal security responsibilities; key areas of concern include border and maritime security, terrorism, regional instability, and tensions with Morocco; Algeria supports the pro-independence Polisario Front in Western Sahara and accuses Morocco of supporting the Algerian separatist Movement for the Autonomy of Kabylie (MAK); border security and counterterrorism have received additional focus since the Arab Spring events of 2011 and the rise of terrorist threats emanating from Libya and the Sahel; the Army and Ministry of Defense (MND) paramilitary forces of the Gendarmerie and the border guards have beefed up their presence along the frontiers with Tunisia, Libya, Niger, and Mali to interdict and deter cross-border attacks by Islamic militant groups; the ANP and MND paramilitary forces have also increased counterterrorism cooperation with some neighboring countries, particularly Tunisia, including joint operations<br><br>the ANP has also played a large role in the country’s politics since independence in 1962, including coups in 1965 and 1991; it was a key backer of BOUTEFLIKA’s election in 1999 and remained a center of power during his 20-year rule; the military was instrumental in BOUTEFLIKA’s resignation in 2019, when it withdrew support and called for him to be removed from office<br><br>the ANP is well-funded and one of the better-equipped militaries in North Africa; over the past decade, it has made large investments in more modern equipment, including armored vehicles, air defense systems, fighter aircraft, unmanned aerial vehicles, and warships, largely from Russia but also China and Western European suppliers; it is a conscript-based force that exercises regularly, including jointly with foreign militaries such as those of Russia, Tunisia, and some Sahel countries; the ANP is part of the African Union’s Standby Force for North Africa; the core combat units of the Land Forces consists of multiple armored and mechanized divisions, as well as a combined airborne and special forces division, plus separate brigades of mechanized or motorized infantry and tanks; the Naval Forces’ principal warships include frigates, corvettes, and attack submarines; in 2015, the Naval Forces acquired from Italy its first amphibious transport dock (LHD) ship, which is capable of carrying helicopters, small landing craft, and more than 300 troops; the Air Force has more than 100 Russian-made combat aircraft, as well as about 200 Russian-made combat helicopters (2023)"
"text": "the ANP is responsible for external defense but also has some internal security responsibilities; key areas of concern include border and maritime security, terrorism, regional instability, and tensions with Morocco; Algeria supports the pro-independence Polisario Front in Western Sahara and accuses Morocco of supporting the Algerian separatist Movement for the Autonomy of Kabylie (MAK); border security and counterterrorism have received additional focus since the Arab Spring events of 2011 and the rise of terrorist threats emanating from Libya and the Sahel; the Army and Ministry of Defense (MND) paramilitary forces of the Gendarmerie and the border guards have beefed up their presence along the frontiers with Tunisia, Libya, Niger, and Mali to interdict and deter cross-border attacks by Islamic militant groups; the ANP and MND paramilitary forces have also increased counterterrorism cooperation with some neighboring countries, particularly Tunisia, including joint operations<br><br>the ANP has also played a large role in the country’s politics since independence in 1962, including coups in 1965 and 1991; it was a key backer of BOUTEFLIKA’s election in 1999 and remained a center of power during his 20-year rule; the military was instrumental in BOUTEFLIKA’s resignation in 2019, when it withdrew support and called for him to be removed from office<br><br>the ANP is one of the better-equipped militaries in North Africa; over the past decade, it has made large investments in more modern equipment, including armored vehicles, air defense systems, fighter aircraft, unmanned aerial vehicles, and warships, largely from Russia but also China and Western European suppliers; it is a conscript-based force that exercises regularly, including jointly with foreign militaries such as those of Russia, Tunisia, and some Sahel countries; the ANP is part of the African Union’s Standby Force for North Africa; the core combat units of the Land Forces consists of multiple armored and mechanized divisions, as well as a combined airborne and special forces division, plus separate brigades of mechanized or motorized infantry and tanks; the Naval Forces’ principal warships include frigates, corvettes, and attack submarines; in 2015, the Naval Forces acquired from Italy its first amphibious transport dock (LHD) ship, which is capable of carrying helicopters, small landing craft, and more than 300 troops; the Air Force has more than 100 Russian-made combat aircraft, as well as about 200 Russian-made combat helicopters (2023)"
}
},
"Space": {

31
africa/ao.json
View file

@ -802,10 +802,10 @@
},
"Average household expenditures": {
"on food": {
"text": "48.6% of household expenditures (2018 est.)"
"text": "49.7% of household expenditures (2021 est.)"
},
"on alcohol and tobacco": {
"text": "1.5% of household expenditures (2018 est.)"
"text": "1.5% of household expenditures (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Household income or consumption by percentage share": {
@ -1192,12 +1192,27 @@
"text": "general cargo 13, oil tanker 8, other 43"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Cabinda, Lobito, Luanda, Namibe"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "21 (2024)"
},
"LNG terminal(s) (export)": {
"text": "Angola Soyo"
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "8"
},
"very small": {
"text": "13"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "17"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Cabinda, Estrela Oil Field, Lobito, Luanda, Malongo Oil Terminal, Namibe, Palanca Terminal, Takula Terminal"
}
}
},
@ -1235,7 +1250,7 @@
"text": "in 2023, Angola agreed to send 500 troops to the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) for 12 months to oversee cantonment of a rebel group known as M23 (2023)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the Angolan Armed Forces were created in 1991 under the Bicesse Accords signed between the Angolan Government and the National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA); the current force is responsible for country&rsquo;s external defense but also has some domestic security responsibilities, including border protection, expulsion of irregular migrants, and small-scale counterinsurgency operations against groups like the Front for the Liberation of the Enclave of Cabinda separatists in Cabinda; the Army and Air Force are some of the largest and better equipped forces in the region; a significant portion of the Army's core combat forces--six infantry divisions--are motorized and supported by approximately 300 Soviet-era tanks, while the Air Force has a fleet of approximately 100 combat aircraft, plus a substantial inventory of transport aircraft and helicopter gunships; while naval modernization has received more attention in recent years, the Navy remains a small force of fast attack and coastal patrol craft (2023)"
"text": "the Angolan Armed Forces were created in 1991 under the Bicesse Accords signed between the Angolan Government and the National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA); the current force is responsible for country&rsquo;s external defense but also has some domestic security responsibilities, including border protection, expulsion of irregular migrants, and small-scale counterinsurgency operations against separatist groups; the Army and Air Force are some of the largest and better equipped forces in the region; a significant portion of the Army's core combat forces--six infantry divisions--are motorized and supported by hundreds of Soviet-era tanks, while the Air Force has a fleet of approximately 100 combat aircraft, plus a substantial inventory of transport aircraft and helicopter gunships; while naval modernization has received more attention in recent years, the Navy remains a small force of fast attack and coastal patrol craft (2023)"
}
},
"Space": {

9
africa/bc.json
View file

@ -1208,15 +1208,6 @@
"text": "the BDF’s key functions include defending the country's territorial integrity on land and in the air, ensuring national security and stability, and aiding civil authorities in support of domestic missions such as disaster relief and anti-poaching; it participates in regional and international security operations; the Ground Force has five small brigades of infantry, light armor, and artillery, plus commandos and a marine unit with boats and river craft for patrolling Botswana's internal waterways and supporting anti-poaching operations; the Air Arm has a small squadron of ageing fighters, as well as some multipurpose helicopters<br><br>Bechuanaland/Botswana did not have a permanent military during colonial times, with the British colonial administrators relying instead on small, lightly armed constabularies such as the Bechuanaland Mounted Police, the Bechuanaland Border Police, and by the early 1960s, the Police Mobile Unit (PMU); after independence in 1966, Botswana militarized the PMU and gave it responsibility for the country’s defense rather than create a conventional military force; however, turmoil in neighboring countries and numerous cross-border incursions by Rhodesian and South African security forces in the 1960s and 1970s demonstrated that the PMU was inadequate for defending the country and led to the establishment of the Botswana Defense Force (BDF) in 1977 (2023)"
}
},
"Space": {
"Space agency/agencies": {
"text": "no national government space agency; Botswana&rsquo;s space program is the responsibility of the Botswana International University of Science, Technology (BIUST) under the Ministry of Tertiary Education, Research, Science, and Technology&nbsp; (2023)"
},
"Space program overview": {
"text": "has a small program focused on acquiring, operating, and exploiting satellites; has received some technical training and support from China (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> further details about the key activities, programs, and milestones of the country’s space program, as well as government spending estimates on the space sector, appear in Appendix S"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {
"Trafficking in persons": {
"tier rating": {

23
africa/bn.json
View file

@ -1193,11 +1193,26 @@
"text": "other 6"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Cotonou"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "1 (2024)"
},
"LNG terminal(s) (import)": {
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "1"
},
"small": {
"text": "0"
},
"very small": {
"text": "0"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "1"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Cotonou"
}
}

5
africa/by.json
View file

@ -1142,11 +1142,6 @@
},
"Waterways": {
"text": "673 km (2022) (mainly on Lake Tanganyika between Bujumbura, Burundi's principal port, and lake ports in Tanzania, Zambia, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo)"
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"lake port(s)": {
"text": "Bujumbura (Lake Tanganyika)"
}
}
},
"Military and Security": {

27
africa/cf.json
View file

@ -1220,17 +1220,28 @@
"text": "oil tanker 1, other 10"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Pointe-Noire"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "5 (2024)"
},
"oil terminal(s)": {
"text": "Djeno"
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"river port(s)": {
"text": "Brazzaville (Congo)"
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"note": "Impfondo (Oubangui) Ouesso (Sangha) Oyo (Alima)"
"small": {
"text": "1"
},
"very small": {
"text": "4"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "4"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Djeno Terminal, Dussafu Terminal, N'kossa Terminal, Pointe Noire, Yombo Terminal"
}
}
},
"Military and Security": {

25
africa/cg.json
View file

@ -1241,12 +1241,27 @@
"text": "general cargo 5, oil tanker 2, other 17"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Banana"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "3 (2024)"
},
"river or lake port(s)": {
"text": "Boma, Bumba, Kinshasa, Kisangani, Matadi, Mbandaka (Congo); Kindu (Lualaba); Bukavu, Goma (Lake Kivu); Kalemie (Lake Tanganyika)"
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "2"
},
"very small": {
"text": "1"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "2"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Banana, Boma, Matadi"
}
}
},

33
africa/cm.json
View file

@ -851,10 +851,10 @@
},
"Average household expenditures": {
"on food": {
"text": "45.3% of household expenditures (2018 est.)"
"text": "45.2% of household expenditures (2021 est.)"
},
"on alcohol and tobacco": {
"text": "2.1% of household expenditures (2018 est.)"
"text": "2% of household expenditures (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Household income or consumption by percentage share": {
@ -1244,14 +1244,31 @@
"text": "bulk carrier 2, general cargo 91, oil tanker 42, other 63"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"oil terminal(s)": {
"text": "Limboh Terminal"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "7 (2024)"
},
"river port(s)": {
"text": "Douala (Wouri)"
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"note": "Garoua (Benoue)"
"medium": {
"text": "1"
},
"small": {
"text": "0"
},
"very small": {
"text": "5"
},
"size unknown": {
"text": "1"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "5"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Douala, Ebome Marine Terminal, Kole Oil Terminal, Kome Kribi 1 Marine Terminal, Kribi Deep Sea Port, Limboh Terminal, Moudi Marine Terminal"
}
}
},
"Military and Security": {

24
africa/cn.json
View file

@ -1094,9 +1094,27 @@
"text": "bulk carrier 17, container ship 7, general cargo 125, oil tanker 36, other 88"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Moroni, Moutsamoudou"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "4 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "0"
},
"very small": {
"text": "4"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "3"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Dzaoudzi, Fomboni, Moroni, Moutsamoudu"
}
}
},

6
africa/ct.json
View file

@ -1146,12 +1146,6 @@
},
"Waterways": {
"text": "2,800 km (2011) (the primary navigable river is the Ubangi, which joins the River Congo; it was the traditional route for the export of products because it connected with the Congo-Ocean railway at Brazzaville; because of the warfare on both sides of the River Congo from 1997, importers and exporters preferred routes through Cameroon)"
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"river port(s)": {
"text": "Bangui (Oubangui)"
},
"note": "Nola (Sangha)"
}
},
"Military and Security": {

24
africa/cv.json
View file

@ -1132,9 +1132,27 @@
"text": "general cargo 14, oil tanker 2, other 28"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Porto Grande"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "2 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "1"
},
"very small": {
"text": "1"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "1"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Porto Da Praia, Porto Grande"
}
}
},

24
africa/dj.json
View file

@ -1141,9 +1141,27 @@
"text": "bulk carrier 1, container ship 1, general cargo 4, oil tanker 13, other 21"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Djibouti"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "2 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "2"
},
"very small": {
"text": "0"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "2"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Djibouti, Doraleh"
}
}
},

39
africa/eg.json
View file

@ -838,10 +838,10 @@
},
"Average household expenditures": {
"on food": {
"text": "33.3% of household expenditures (2018 est.)"
"text": "37.6% of household expenditures (2021 est.)"
},
"on alcohol and tobacco": {
"text": "4.7% of household expenditures (2018 est.)"
"text": "4.7% of household expenditures (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Household income or consumption by percentage share": {
@ -1245,20 +1245,31 @@
"text": "bulk carrier 14, container ship 6, general cargo 23, oil tanker 42, other 356"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Mediterranean Sea - Alexandria, Damietta, El Dekheila, Port Said"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "31 (2024)"
},
"oil terminal(s)": {
"text": "Ain Sukhna terminal, Sidi Kerir terminal"
"large": {
"text": "5"
},
"container port(s) (TEUs)": {
"text": "Port Said (East) (4,764,583) (2021)"
"medium": {
"text": "1"
},
"LNG terminal(s) (export)": {
"text": "Damietta, Idku (Abu Qir Bay), Sumed"
"small": {
"text": "8"
},
"note": "Gulf of Suez - Suez"
"very small": {
"text": "16"
},
"size unknown": {
"text": "1"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "17"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Ain Sukhna Terminal, Al Iskandariyh (Alexandria), As Suways, Bur Sa'id, Damietta, Ras Shukhier"
}
}
},
"Military and Security": {
@ -1302,10 +1313,10 @@
},
"Space": {
"Space agency/agencies": {
"text": "Egyptian Space Agency (EgSA; public economic authority established 2019); National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Science (NARSS; formed in 1994 from the Remote Sensing Center, which was established in 1971) (2023)"
"text": "Egyptian Space Agency (EgSA; public economic authority established 2019); National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Science (NARSS; formed in 1994 from the Remote Sensing Center, which was established in 1971) (2024)"
},
"Space program overview": {
"text": "has a growing program with a focus on developing the capabilities to manufacture satellites and associated support infrastructure; seeks to become a regional space power; operates satellites; builds satellites jointly with foreign partners but developing localized satellite manufacturing capabilities; acquiring through technology transfers and domestic development programs other space-related technologies, including those related to communications, Earth imaging/remote sensing (RS), and satellite payloads and components; cooperating on space-related issues with a variety of foreign governments and commercial space companies, including those of Belarus, Canada, China, the European Space Agency and its member states (particularly France, Germany, Italy), Ghana, India, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Nigeria, Russia, South Africa, Sudan, Uganda, Ukraine, the UAE, and the US; also a member of the Arab Space Coordination Group, established by the UAE in 2019; has a commercial space sector that focuses on satellite communications, satellite design and production, RS, and space applications (2023)",
"text": "has a growing program with a focus on developing the capabilities to manufacture satellites and associated support infrastructure; seeks to become a regional space power; operates satellites; builds satellites jointly with foreign partners but developing localized satellite manufacturing capabilities; acquiring through technology transfers and domestic development programs other space-related technologies, including those related to communications, Earth imaging/remote sensing (RS), and satellite payloads and components; cooperating on space-related issues with a variety of foreign governments and commercial space companies, including those of Belarus, Canada, China, the European Space Agency and its member states (particularly France, Germany, Italy), Ghana, India, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Nigeria, Russia, South Africa, Sudan, Uganda, Ukraine, the UAE, and the US; also a member of the Arab Space Coordination Group, established by the UAE in 2019; has a commercial space sector that focuses on satellite communications, satellite design and production, RS, and space applications (2024)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> further details about the key activities, programs, and milestones of the country’s space program, as well as government spending estimates on the space sector, appear in Appendix S"
}
},

25
africa/ek.json
View file

@ -1084,12 +1084,27 @@
"text": "bulk carrier 1, general cargo 16, oil tanker 7, other 29"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Bata, Luba, Malabo"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "7 (2024)"
},
"LNG terminal(s) (export)": {
"text": "Bioko Island"
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "1"
},
"very small": {
"text": "6"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "6"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Bata, Ceiba Terminal, Cogo, Luba, Malabo, Punta Europa Terminal, Serpentina Terminal"
}
}
},

24
africa/er.json
View file

@ -1094,9 +1094,27 @@
"text": "general cargo 4, oil tanker 1, other 4"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Assab, Massawa"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "2 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "2"
},
"very small": {
"text": "0"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "2"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Assab, Mitsiwa Harbor"
}
}
},

11
africa/et.json
View file

@ -860,10 +860,10 @@
},
"Average household expenditures": {
"on food": {
"text": "56.6% of household expenditures (2018 est.)"
"text": "41.3% of household expenditures (2021 est.)"
},
"on alcohol and tobacco": {
"text": "3.8% of household expenditures (2018 est.)"
"text": "3.1% of household expenditures (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Household income or consumption by percentage share": {
@ -1244,9 +1244,6 @@
"by type": {
"text": "general cargo 10, oil tanker 2"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"text": "Ethiopia is landlocked and uses the ports of Djibouti in Djibouti and Berbera in Somalia"
}
},
"Military and Security": {
@ -1289,10 +1286,10 @@
},
"Space": {
"Space agency/agencies": {
"text": "Ethiopian Space Science and Geospatial Institute (ESSGI; formed in 2022 from the joining of the Ethiopian Space Science and Technology Institute or ESSTI and the Ethiopian Geospatial Information Institute or EGII) (2023)"
"text": "Ethiopian Space Science and Geospatial Institute (ESSGI; formed in 2022 from the joining of the Ethiopian Space Science and Technology Institute or ESSTI and the Ethiopian Geospatial Information Institute or EGII) (2024)"
},
"Space program overview": {
"text": "has a small space program with a focus on acquiring and operating satellites, as well as research and astronomy; jointly builds satellites with foreign partners and operates and exploits remote sensing (RS) satellites; developing the ability to manufacture satellites and their associated payloads; involved in astronomy and in the construction of space observatories; cooperates on space-related issues with a variety of countries, including China, France, India, Russia, and multiple African countries, particularly Kenya, Rwanda, Sudan, Tanzania, and Uganda; shares RS data with neighboring countries (2023)",
"text": "has a small space program with a focus on acquiring and operating satellites, as well as research and astronomy; jointly builds satellites with foreign partners and operates and exploits remote sensing (RS) satellites; developing the ability to manufacture satellites and their associated payloads; involved in astronomy and in the construction of space observatories; cooperates on space-related issues with a variety of countries, including China, France, India, Russia, and multiple African countries, particularly Kenya, Rwanda, Sudan, Tanzania, and Uganda; shares RS data with neighboring countries (2024)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> further details about the key activities, programs, and milestones of the country’s space program, as well as government spending estimates on the space sector, appear in Appendix S"
}
},

22
africa/ga.json
View file

@ -1161,8 +1161,26 @@
"text": "general cargo 5, other 10"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "1 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "0"
},
"very small": {
"text": "1"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "1"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Banjul"
}
}

29
africa/gb.json
View file

@ -1160,12 +1160,27 @@
"text": "bulk carrier 1, general cargo 19, oil tanker 30, other 37"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Libreville, Owendo, Port-Gentil"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "9 (2024)"
},
"oil terminal(s)": {
"text": "Gamba, Lucina"
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "2"
},
"small": {
"text": "2"
},
"very small": {
"text": "5"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "7"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Libreville, Oguendjo Terminal, Port Gentil, Port Owendo"
}
}
},
@ -1206,10 +1221,10 @@
},
"Space": {
"Space agency/agencies": {
"text": "Gabonese Studies and Space Observations Agency (Agence Gabonaise d&rsquo;Etudes et d&rsquo;Observations Spatiales or AGEOS; established 2015) (2023)"
"text": "Gabonese Studies and Space Observations Agency (Agence Gabonaise d&rsquo;Etudes et d&rsquo;Observations Spatiales or AGEOS; established 2015) (2024)"
},
"Space program overview": {
"text": "has a small space program focused on the acquisition, processing, analysis, and furnishing of data from foreign remote sensing (RS) satellites for environmental management, mapping, natural resources, land use planning, and maritime surveillance, as well as research and innovation; has relationships with Brazil, China, the European Space Agency (ESA) and its member states (particularly France), Kenya, Niger, Rwanda, South Africa, and the US; shares RS data with neighboring countries (2023)",
"text": "has a small space program focused on the acquisition, processing, analysis, and furnishing of data from foreign remote sensing (RS) satellites for environmental management, mapping, natural resources, land use planning, and maritime surveillance, as well as research and innovation; has relationships with Brazil, China, the European Space Agency (ESA) and its member states (particularly France), Kenya, Niger, Rwanda, South Africa, and the US; shares RS data with neighboring countries (2024)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> further details about the key activities, programs, and milestones of the country’s space program, as well as government spending estimates on the space sector, appear in Appendix S"
}
},

32
africa/gh.json
View file

@ -823,10 +823,10 @@
},
"Average household expenditures": {
"on food": {
"text": "41.3% of household expenditures (2018 est.)"
"text": "39.2% of household expenditures (2021 est.)"
},
"on alcohol and tobacco": {
"text": "1% of household expenditures (2018 est.)"
"text": "0.5% of household expenditures (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Household income or consumption by percentage share": {
@ -1215,9 +1215,27 @@
"text": "general cargo 8, oil tanker 3, other 41"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Takoradi, Tema"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "4 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "1"
},
"small": {
"text": "1"
},
"very small": {
"text": "2"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "3"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Saltpond, Sekondi, Takoradi, Tema"
}
}
},
@ -1262,10 +1280,10 @@
},
"Space": {
"Space agency/agencies": {
"text": "Ghana Space Science and Technology Center (GSSTC; established 2011); note &ndash; the GSSTC is eventually slated to become the Ghana Space Agency (2023)"
"text": "Ghana Space Science and Technology Center (GSSTC; established 2011); note &ndash; the GSSTC is eventually slated to become the Ghana Space Agency (2024)"
},
"Space program overview": {
"text": "has a small, nascent space program focused on research in space sciences and exploiting remote sensing (RS) technology for natural resource management, weather forecasting, agriculture, and national security issues; relies on foreign imagery for analysis but seeks to develop its own RS satellite capabilities; one of Africa’s leaders in satellite dish research; trains aerospace scientists and engineers; has established relations on space-related issues with China, Japan, and South Africa; cooperating with Egypt, Kenya, Nigeria, Sudan, and Uganda to establish a joint satellite to monitor climate changes in the African continent; partner of the Square Kilometer Array (SKA) international astronomy initiative (2023)",
"text": "has a small, nascent space program focused on research in space sciences and exploiting remote sensing (RS) technology for natural resource management, weather forecasting, agriculture, and national security issues; relies on foreign imagery for analysis but seeks to develop its own RS satellite capabilities; one of Africa’s leaders in satellite dish research; trains aerospace scientists and engineers; has established relations on space-related issues with China, Japan, and South Africa; cooperating with Egypt, Kenya, Nigeria, Sudan, and Uganda to establish a joint satellite to monitor climate changes in the African continent; partner of the Square Kilometer Array (SKA) international astronomy initiative (2024)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> further details about the key activities, programs, and milestones of the country’s space program, as well as government spending estimates on the space sector, appear Appendix S"
}
},

24
africa/gv.json
View file

@ -1181,9 +1181,27 @@
"text": "other 2"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Conakry, Kamsar"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "4 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "1"
},
"small": {
"text": "0"
},
"very small": {
"text": "3"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "2"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Benti, Conakry, Kamsar, Victoria"
}
}
},

33
africa/iv.json
View file

@ -837,10 +837,10 @@
},
"Average household expenditures": {
"on food": {
"text": "39.6% of household expenditures (2018 est.)"
"text": "38.5% of household expenditures (2021 est.)"
},
"on alcohol and tobacco": {
"text": "3.1% of household expenditures (2018 est.)"
"text": "3.2% of household expenditures (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Household income or consumption by percentage share": {
@ -1227,12 +1227,27 @@
"text": "oil tanker 2, other 23"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Abidjan, San-Pedro"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "5 (2024)"
},
"oil terminal(s)": {
"text": "Espoir Offshore Terminal"
"large": {
"text": "1"
},
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "0"
},
"very small": {
"text": "4"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "5"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Abidjan, Baobab Marine Terminal, Espoir Marine Terminal, Port Bouet, San Pedro"
}
}
},
@ -1276,10 +1291,10 @@
},
"Space": {
"Space agency/agencies": {
"text": "announced in 2021 that it was in the process of establishing a national space agency (space issues currently managed by the Ministry of Scientific Research)&nbsp; (2023)"
"text": "announced in 2021 that it was in the process of establishing a national space agency (space issues currently managed by the Ministry of Scientific Research) (2024)"
},
"Space program overview": {
"text": "has as nascent, small program focused on acquiring a remote sensing (RS) satellite for purposes detecting illegal gold mining, facilitating access to drinking water, mapping deforestation, and national security issues (2023)",
"text": "has as small, nascent program focused on acquiring a remote sensing (RS) satellite for purposes detecting illegal gold mining, facilitating access to drinking water, mapping deforestation, and national security issues (2024)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> further details about the key activities, programs, and milestones of the country’s space program, as well as government spending estimates on the space sector, appear in Appendix S"
}
},

29
africa/ke.json
View file

@ -834,10 +834,10 @@
},
"Average household expenditures": {
"on food": {
"text": "52.9% of household expenditures (2018 est.)"
"text": "56.1% of household expenditures (2021 est.)"
},
"on alcohol and tobacco": {
"text": "4.1% of household expenditures (2018 est.)"
"text": "3.7% of household expenditures (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Household income or consumption by percentage share": {
@ -1226,12 +1226,27 @@
"text": "oil tanker 4, other 22"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Kisumu, Mombasa"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "4 (2024)"
},
"LNG terminal(s) (import)": {
"text": "Mombasa"
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "1"
},
"small": {
"text": "2"
},
"very small": {
"text": "1"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "1"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Kilifi, Lamu, Malindi, Mombasa"
}
}
},

24
africa/li.json
View file

@ -1148,9 +1148,27 @@
"text": "bulk carrier 1,895, container ship 1,013, general cargo 170, oil tanker 1,038, other 705"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Buchanan, Monrovia"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "4 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "1"
},
"very small": {
"text": "3"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "3"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Buchanan, Cape Palmas, Greenville, Monrovia"
}
}
},

26
africa/ly.json
View file

@ -1082,15 +1082,27 @@
"text": "general cargo 2, oil tanker 13, other 81"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Marsa al Burayqah (Marsa el Brega), Tripoli"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "14 (2024)"
},
"oil terminal(s)": {
"text": "Az Zawiyah, Ra's Lanuf"
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"LNG terminal(s) (export)": {
"text": "Marsa el Brega"
"medium": {
"text": "2"
},
"small": {
"text": "3"
},
"very small": {
"text": "9"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "10"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Al Burayqah, Az Zawiya, Banghazi, Mersa Tobruq, Mina Tarabulus (Tripoli)"
}
}
},

24
africa/ma.json
View file

@ -1175,9 +1175,27 @@
"text": "general cargo 16, oil tanker 2, other 11"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Antsiranana (Diego Suarez), Mahajanga, Toamasina, Toliara (Tulear)"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "13 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "2"
},
"very small": {
"text": "11"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "5"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Andoany, Antsiranana, Antsohim Bondrona, Iharana, Mahajanga, Maintirano, Manakara, Mananjary, Maroantsetra, Morondava, Toamasina, Tolanaro, Toliara"
}
}
},

5
africa/mi.json
View file

@ -1196,11 +1196,6 @@
},
"Waterways": {
"text": "700 km (2010) (on Lake Nyasa [Lake Malawi] and Shire River)"
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"lake port(s)": {
"text": "Chipoka, Monkey Bay, Nkhata Bay, Nkhotakota, Chilumba (Lake Nyasa)"
}
}
},
"Military and Security": {

5
africa/ml.json
View file

@ -1189,11 +1189,6 @@
},
"Waterways": {
"text": "1,800 km (2011) (downstream of Koulikoro; low water levels on the River Niger cause problems in dry years; in the months before the rainy season the river is not navigable by commercial vessels)"
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"river port(s)": {
"text": "Koulikoro (Niger)"
}
}
},
"Military and Security": {

30
africa/mo.json
View file

@ -844,10 +844,10 @@
},
"Average household expenditures": {
"on food": {
"text": "34% of household expenditures (2018 est.)"
"text": "33.9% of household expenditures (2021 est.)"
},
"on alcohol and tobacco": {
"text": "1.4% of household expenditures (2018 est.)"
"text": "1.4% of household expenditures (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Household income or consumption by percentage share": {
@ -1221,15 +1221,27 @@
"text": "container ship 6, general cargo 5, oil tanker 2, other 81"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Ad Dakhla, Agadir, Casablanca, Jorf Lasfar, Laayoune (El Aaiun), Mohammedia, Safi, Tangier"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "12 (2024)"
},
"container port(s) (TEUs)": {
"text": "Tangier (7,173,870) (2021)"
"large": {
"text": "3"
},
"LNG terminal(s) (import)": {
"text": "Jorf Lasfar (planned)"
"medium": {
"text": "1"
},
"small": {
"text": "3"
},
"very small": {
"text": "5"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "2"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Agadir, Casablanca, Tanger, Tangier-Mediterranean"
}
}
},

24
africa/mp.json
View file

@ -1137,9 +1137,27 @@
"text": "general cargo 1, oil tanker 4, other 27"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Port Louis"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "2 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "1"
},
"very small": {
"text": "1"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "1"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Port Louis, Port Mathurin"
}
}
},

22
africa/mr.json
View file

@ -1206,8 +1206,26 @@
"text": "general cargo 2, other 9"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "2 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "1"
},
"small": {
"text": "1"
},
"very small": {
"text": "0"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "2"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Nouadhibou, Nouakchott"
}
}

25
africa/mz.json
View file

@ -1211,12 +1211,27 @@
"text": "general cargo 9, other 27"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Beira, Maputo, Nacala"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "11 (2024)"
},
"LNG terminal(s) (export)": {
"text": "Coral Sul (FLNG)"
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "2"
},
"small": {
"text": "5"
},
"very small": {
"text": "4"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "3"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Beira, Chinde, Inhambane, Maputo, Mocambique, Pebane, Porto Belo"
}
}
},

30
africa/ni.json
View file

@ -833,10 +833,10 @@
},
"Average household expenditures": {
"on food": {
"text": "59% of household expenditures (2018 est.)"
"text": "59% of household expenditures (2021 est.)"
},
"on alcohol and tobacco": {
"text": "1% of household expenditures (2018 est.)"
"text": "1% of household expenditures (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Household income or consumption by percentage share": {
@ -1228,15 +1228,27 @@
"text": "general cargo 23, oil tanker 128, other 777"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Bonny Inshore Terminal, Calabar, Lagos"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "28 (2024)"
},
"oil terminal(s)": {
"text": "Bonny Terminal, Brass Terminal, Escravos Terminal, Forcados Terminal, Pennington Terminal, Qua Iboe Terminal"
"large": {
"text": "2"
},
"LNG terminal(s) (export)": {
"text": "Bonny Island"
"medium": {
"text": "1"
},
"small": {
"text": "1"
},
"very small": {
"text": "24"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "23"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Antan Oil Terminal, Bonny, Lagos, Pennington Oil Terminal"
}
}
},

2
africa/od.json
View file

@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
{
"Introduction": {
"Background": {
"text": "<p>South Sudan, which gained independence from Sudan on 9 July 2011, is the world’s newest country. Home to a diverse array of mainly Nilotic ethnolinguistic groups that settled in the territory in the 15th through 19th centuries, South Sudanese society is heavily dependent on seasonal fluctuations in precipitation and seasonal migration. The land comprising modern-day South Sudan was conquered first by Egypt and later ruled jointly by Egyptian-British colonial administrators in the late 19th century. Christian missionaries propagated the spread of English and Christianity, rather than Arabic and Islam, leading to significant cultural differences between the northern and southern parts of Sudan. When Sudan gained its independence in 1956, the Southern region received assurances that it would participate fully in the political system. However, the Arab government in Khartoum reneged on its promises, prompting two periods of civil war (1955-1972 and 1983-2005) in which as many as 2.5 million people died - mostly civilians - due largely to starvation and drought. The Second Sudanese civil war was one of the deadliest since WWII and left Southern Sudanese society devastated by humanitarian crises and economic deterioration. Peace talks resulted in a US-backed Comprehensive Peace Agreement, signed in January 2005, which granted the South a six-year period of autonomy followed by a referendum on final status. The result of this referendum, held in January 2011, was a vote of 98% in favor of secession.<br><br>Since independence, South Sudan has struggled to form a viable governing system and has been plagued by widespread corruption, political conflict, and communal violence. In December 2013, conflict erupted between forces loyal to President Salva KIIR, a Dinka, and forces loyal to Vice President Riek MACHAR, a Nuer. The conflict quickly spread throughout the country and unfolded along ethnic lines, killing tens of thousands and creating a dire humanitarian crisis, with millions of South Sudanese displaced and food insecure. KIIR and MACHAR signed a peace agreement in August 2015 that created a Transitional Government of National Unity in April 2016. However, in July 2016, renewed fighting broke out in Juba between KIIR and MACHAR’s forces, plunging the country back into conflict and drawing in additional armed opposition groups, including those in the southern Equatoria region that had largely stayed out of the first round of civil war. A \"revitalized\" peace agreement was signed in September 2018, which mostly ended the fighting. The government and most armed opposition groups agreed that they would form a unified national army, create a transitional government by May 2019, and prepare for elections in December 2022. The transitional government was formed in February 2020, when MACHAR returned to Juba as first vice president. Since 2020, implementation of the peace agreement has been stalled as the parties wrangle over power-sharing arrangements, contributing to an uptick in communal violence and the country’s worst food security crisis since independence, with 7 of 11 million South Sudanese citizens in need of humanitarian assistance.  The parties to the agreement extended the transitional period by an additional two years in 2022, pushing elections to late 2024.</p>"
"text": "<p>South Sudan, which gained independence from Sudan in 2011, is the world’s newest country. Home to a diverse array of mainly Nilotic ethnolinguistic groups that settled in the territory in the 15th through 19th centuries, South Sudanese society is heavily dependent on seasonal migration and seasonal fluctuations in precipitation. Modern-day South Sudan was conquered first by Egypt and later ruled jointly by Egyptian-British colonial administrators in the late 19th century. Christian missionaries helped spread the English language and Christianity in the area, leading to significant cultural differences with the northern part of Sudan, where Arabic and Islam are dominant. When Sudan gained its independence in 1956, the southern region received assurances that it would participate fully in the political system. However, the Arab government in Khartoum reneged on its promises, prompting two periods of civil war (1955-1972 and 1983-2005) in which as many as 2.5 million people died -- mostly civilians -- due largely to starvation and drought. The second Sudanese civil war was one of the deadliest since WWII and left southern Sudanese society devastated. Peace talks resulted in a US-backed Comprehensive Peace Agreement in 2005, which granted the South six years of autonomy followed by a referendum on final status. The result of this referendum, held in 2011, was a vote of 98% in favor of secession.<br><br>Since independence, South Sudan has struggled to form a viable governing system and has been plagued by widespread corruption, political conflict, and communal violence. In 2013, conflict erupted between forces loyal to President Salva KIIR, a Dinka, and forces loyal to Vice President Riek MACHAR, a Nuer. The conflict quickly spread through the country along ethnic lines, killing tens of thousands and creating a humanitarian crisis with millions of South Sudanese displaced. KIIR and MACHAR signed a peace agreement in 2015 that created a Transitional Government of National Unity the next year. However, renewed fighting broke out in Juba between KIIR and MACHAR’s forces, plunging the country back into conflict and drawing in additional armed opposition groups. A \"revitalized\" peace agreement was signed in 2018, mostly ending the fighting and laying the groundwork for a unified national army, a transitional government, and elections. The transitional government was formed in 2020, when MACHAR returned to Juba as first vice president. Since 2020, implementation of the peace agreement has been stalled amid wrangling over power-sharing, which has contributed to an uptick in communal violence and the country’s worst food crisis since independence, with 7 of 11 million South Sudanese citizens in need of humanitarian assistance. The transitional period was extended an additional two years in 2022, pushing elections to late 2024.</p>"
}
},
"Geography": {

24
africa/pu.json
View file

@ -1105,9 +1105,27 @@
"text": "bulk carrier 3, general cargo 12, other 5"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Bissau, Buba, Cacheu, Farim"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "2 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "0"
},
"very small": {
"text": "2"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "1"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Bissau, Rio Cacheu"
}
}
},

5
africa/rw.json
View file

@ -1174,11 +1174,6 @@
},
"Waterways": {
"text": "90 km (2022) (Lake Kivu navigable by shallow-draft barges and native craft)"
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"lake port(s)": {
"text": "Cyangugu, Gisenyi, Kibuye (Lake Kivu)"
}
}
},
"Military and Security": {

24
africa/se.json
View file

@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
{
"Introduction": {
"Background": {
"text": "<p>Seychelles was uninhabited prior to being discovered by Europeans early in the 16th century. A lengthy struggle between France and Great Britain for the islands ended in 1814, when they were ceded to the latter. During colonial rule, a plantation-based economy developed that relied on imported labor, primarily from European colonies in Africa. Seychelles gained independence in 1976 through negotiations with Great Britain. In 1977, prime minister France-Albert RENE launched a coup against the country’s first president and Seychelles became a socialist one-party state until adopting a new constitution and holding elections in 1993. RENE continued to lead Seychelles through two election cycles until he stepped down in 2004. Vice President James Alix MICHEL took over the presidency and in 2006 was elected to a new five-year term; he was reelected in 2011 and again in 2015. In 2016, James MICHEL resigned and handed over the presidency to his vice-president, Danny FAURE. In 2020, Wavel RAMKALAWAN was elected president, the first time an opposition candidate has won the presidency.</p>"
"text": "<p>Seychelles was uninhabited before Europeans discovered the islands early in the 16th century. After a lengthy struggle, France eventually ceded control of the islands to Great Britain in 1814. During colonial rule, a plantation-based economy developed that relied on imported labor, primarily from European colonies in Africa. Seychelles gained independence in 1976 through negotiations with Great Britain. In 1977, Prime Minister France-Albert RENE launched a coup against the country’s first president, and Seychelles became a socialist one-party state until adopting a new constitution and holding elections in 1993. RENE continued to lead Seychelles through two election cycles until he stepped down in 2004. Vice President James Alix MICHEL took over the presidency and in 2006 was elected to a new five-year term; he was reelected in 2011 and again in 2015. In 2016, James MICHEL resigned and handed over the presidency to his vice-president, Danny FAURE. In 2020, Wavel RAMKALAWAN was elected president, the first time an opposition candidate has won the presidency.</p>"
}
},
"Geography": {
@ -1115,8 +1115,26 @@
"text": "general cargo 6, oil tanker 6, other 18"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "1 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "0"
},
"very small": {
"text": "1"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "1"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Victoria"
}
}

32
africa/sf.json
View file

@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
{
"Introduction": {
"Background": {
"text": "<p>Some of the earliest human remains in the fossil record are found in South Africa. By about A.D. 500, Bantu speaking groups began settling into what is now northeastern South Africa displacing Khoisan speaking groups to the southwest. Dutch traders landed at the southern tip of present-day South Africa in 1652 and established a stopover point on the spice route between the Netherlands and the Far East, founding the city of Cape Town. After the British seized the Cape of Good Hope area in 1806, many of the settlers of Dutch descent (Afrikaners, also called \"Boers\" (farmers) at the time) trekked north to found their own republics, Transvaal and Orange Free State. In the 1820s, several decades of wars began as the Zulus expanded their territory, moving out of what is today southeastern South Africa and clashing with other indigenous peoples and with expanding European settlements. The discovery of diamonds (1867) and gold (1886) spurred mass immigration predominately from Europe.<br><br>The Anglo-Zulu War (1879) resulted in the incorporation of the Zulu kingdom's territory into the British Empire. Subsequently, the Afrikaner republics were incorporated into the British Empire after their defeat in the Second South African War (1899-1902). However, the British and the Afrikaners ruled together beginning in 1910 under the Union of South Africa, which left the British Commonwealth to become a fully self-governing republic in 1961 after a Whites-only referendum. In 1948, the National Party was voted into power and instituted a policy of apartheid – billed as \"separate development\" of the races - which favored the White minority and suppressed the Black majority and other non-White groups. The African National Congress (ANC) led the resistance to apartheid and many top ANC leaders, such as Nelson MANDELA, spent decades in South Africa's prisons. Internal protests and insurgency, as well as boycotts by some Western nations and institutions, led to the regime's eventual willingness to unban the ANC and negotiate a peaceful transition to majority rule.</p> <p>The first multi-racial elections in 1994 following the end of apartheid ushered in majority rule under an ANC-led government. South Africa has since struggled to address apartheid-era imbalances in wealth, housing, education, and health care under successive administrations. Cyril RAMAPHOSA, has made some progress in reigning in corruption, though many challenges persist. RAMAPHOSA was reelected ANC leader in 2022 ahead of national elections scheduled for 2024.</p>"
"text": "<p>Some of the earliest human remains in the fossil record were found in South Africa. By about A.D. 500, Bantu-speaking groups began settling into what is now northeastern South Africa, displacing Khoisan-speaking groups to the southwest. Dutch traders landed at the southern tip of present-day South Africa in 1652 and established a stopover point on the spice route between the Netherlands and the Far East, founding the city of Cape Town. After the British seized the Cape of Good Hope area in 1806, many settlers of Dutch descent -- known then as \"Boers,\" or farmers, but later called Afrikaners -- trekked north to found their own republics, Transvaal and Orange Free State. In the 1820s, several decades of wars began as the Zulus expanded their territory, moving out of what is today southeastern South Africa and clashing with other indigenous peoples and the growing European settlements. The discovery of diamonds (1867) and gold (1886) spurred mass immigration, predominantly from Europe.<br><br>The Zulu kingdom's territory was incorporated into the British Empire after the Anglo-Zulu War in 1879, and the Afrikaner republics were incorporated after their defeat in the Second South African War (1899-1902). Beginning in 1910, the British and the Afrikaners ruled together under the Union of South Africa, which left the British Commonwealth to become a fully self-governing republic in 1961 after a Whites-only referendum. In 1948, the National Party was voted into power and instituted a policy of apartheid -– billed as \"separate development\" of the races -- which favored the White minority and suppressed the Black majority and other non-White groups. The African National Congress (ANC) led the resistance to apartheid, and many top ANC leaders such as Nelson MANDELA spent decades in South Africa's prisons. Internal protests and insurgency, as well as boycotts from some Western nations and institutions, led to the regime's eventual willingness to unban the ANC and negotiate a peaceful transition to majority rule.</p> <p>The first multi-racial elections in 1994 ushered in majority rule under an ANC-led government. South Africa has since struggled to address apartheid-era imbalances in wealth, housing, education, and health care under successive administrations. President Cyril RAMAPHOSA, who was reelected as the ANC leader in 2022, has made some progress in reigning in corruption. </p>"
}
},
"Geography": {
@ -834,10 +834,10 @@
},
"Average household expenditures": {
"on food": {
"text": "21.4% of household expenditures (2018 est.)"
"text": "21.3% of household expenditures (2021 est.)"
},
"on alcohol and tobacco": {
"text": "4.9% of household expenditures (2018 est.)"
"text": "5.1% of household expenditures (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Household income or consumption by percentage share": {
@ -1250,15 +1250,27 @@
"text": "bulk carrier 3, general cargo 1, oil tanker 7, other 99"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Cape Town, Durban, Port Elizabeth, Richards Bay, Saldanha Bay"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "8 (2024)"
},
"container port(s) (TEUs)": {
"text": "Durban (2,430,295) (2021)"
"large": {
"text": "2"
},
"LNG terminal(s) (import)": {
"text": "Mossel Bay"
"medium": {
"text": "4"
},
"small": {
"text": "1"
},
"very small": {
"text": "1"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "7"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Cape Town, Durban, Mossel Bay, Port Elizabeth, Richards Bay, Saldanha Bay"
}
}
},

34
africa/sg.json
View file

@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
{
"Introduction": {
"Background": {
"text": "Senegal is one of the few countries in the world with evidence of continuous human life from the Paleolithic period to present. Between the 14th and 16th centuries, the Jolof Empire ruled most of Senegal. Starting in the 15th century, Portugal, the Netherlands, France, and Great Britain traded along the Senegalese coast. Senegal’s location on the western tip of Africa made it a favorable base for the European slave trade. European powers used the Senegalese island of Goree as a base to purchase slaves from the warring chiefdoms on the mainland, and at the height of the slave trade in Senegal, over one-third of the Senegalese population was enslaved. In 1815, France abolished slavery and began expanding inland. During the second half of the 19th century, France took possession of Senegal as a French colony. In 1959, the French colonies of Senegal and French Sudan were merged and granted independence in 1960 as the Mali Federation. The union broke up after only a few months. In 1982, Senegal joined with The Gambia to form the nominal confederation of Senegambia. The envisaged integration of the two countries was never implemented, and the union dissolved in 1989.<br><br>Since the 1980s, the Movement of Democratic Forces in the Casamance -- a separatist movement based in southern Senegal -- has led a low-level insurgency. Several attempts at reaching a comprehensive peace agreement have failed. Since 2012, despite sporadic incidents of violence, an unofficial cease-fire has remained largely in effect. Senegal is one of the most stable democracies in Africa and has a long history of participating in international peacekeeping and regional mediation. The Socialist Party of Senegal ruled for 40 years until Abdoulaye WADE was elected president in 2000 and re-elected in 2007. WADE amended Senegal's constitution over a dozen times to increase executive power and weaken the opposition. In 2012, WADE’s decision to run for a third presidential term sparked public backlash that led to his loss to current President Macky SALL. A 2016 constitutional referendum limited future presidents to two consecutive five-year terms. SALL announced in July 2023 that he would not seek another term in office and will conclude his tenure in April 2024."
"text": "Senegal is one of the few countries in the world with evidence of continuous human life from the Paleolithic period to present. Between the 14th and 16th centuries, the Jolof Empire ruled most of Senegal. Starting in the 15th century, Portugal, the Netherlands, France, and Great Britain traded along the Senegalese coast. Senegal’s location on the western tip of Africa made it a favorable base for the European slave trade. European powers used the Senegalese island of Goree as a base to purchase slaves from the warring chiefdoms on the mainland, and at the height of the slave trade in Senegal, over one-third of the Senegalese population was enslaved. In 1815, France abolished slavery and began expanding inland. During the second half of the 19th century, France took possession of Senegal as a French colony. In 1959, the French colonies of Senegal and French Sudan were merged and granted independence in 1960 as the Mali Federation. The union broke up after only a few months. In 1982, Senegal joined with The Gambia to form the nominal confederation of Senegambia. The envisaged integration of the two countries was never implemented, and the union dissolved in 1989.<br><br>Since the 1980s, the Movement of Democratic Forces in the Casamance -- a separatist movement based in southern Senegal -- has led a low-level insurgency. Several attempts at reaching a comprehensive peace agreement have failed. Since 2012, despite sporadic incidents of violence, an unofficial cease-fire has remained largely in effect. Senegal is one of the most stable democracies in Africa and has a long history of participating in international peacekeeping and regional mediation. The Socialist Party of Senegal ruled for 40 years until Abdoulaye WADE was elected president in 2000 and re-elected in 2007. WADE amended Senegal's constitution over a dozen times to increase executive power and weaken the opposition. In 2012, WADE’s decision to run for a third presidential term sparked public backlash that led to his loss to current President Macky SALL. A 2016 constitutional referendum limited future presidents to two consecutive five-year terms. President Bassirou Diomaye FAYE took office in April 2024."
}
},
"Geography": {
@ -1208,9 +1208,27 @@
"text": "general cargo 5, oil tanker 1, other 30"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Dakar"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "6 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "1"
},
"small": {
"text": "1"
},
"very small": {
"text": "4"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "4"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Dakar, Karabane, Lyndiane, M'bao Oil Terminal, Rufisque, St. Louis"
}
}
},
@ -1252,6 +1270,14 @@
"text": "despite limited resources, the FAS is considered to be a well-equipped, experienced, and effective military; it has a history of non-interference in the country’s political process and positive relations with civil authorities; the FAS is experienced in foreign deployments and has received assistance from the French military, which maintains a presence in Senegal, as well as Germany, Spain, the UK, and the US; the FAS’s primary focuses are border, internal, and maritime security; it is watching the prevalence of multiple active terrorist groups across the region and political instability in neighboring Mali and Guinea and has recently established new military and gendarmerie camps along its eastern border with Mali; the FAS also works with the civilian government in areas such as preventive healthcare, infrastructure development, environmental protection, and disaster response<br><br>the Army is spread amongst seven military zones and organized into a mix of light infantry battalions and light armored reconnaissance squadrons, as well as airborne, special operations, and artillery battalions; the Gendarmerie includes mobile units, as well as the Presidential Guard (aka “The Red Guard”); the Navy is small and its principal warships are coastal patrol craft; in recent years the Navy has acquired some modern naval platforms from France, Israel, and Spain, including several offshore patrol vessels, to improve its ability to monitor Senegal’s coastline and economic exclusion zone, conduct fisheries inspections, counter drug trafficking, and combat piracy; the Air Force is configured for supporting the ground forces and has a small number of light attack aircraft and helicopter gunships, as well as transport and reconnaissance aircraft<br><br>Senegalese security forces have been engaged in a low-level counterinsurgency campaign in the southern Casamance region against various factions of the separatist Movement of Democratic Forces of the Casamance (MDFC) since 1982; the conflict is one of longest running low-level insurgencies in the World, having claimed more than 5,000 lives while leaving another 60,000 displaced; in May 2023, a faction of the MFDC agreed to a peace deal (2023)"
}
},
"Space": {
"Space agency/agencies": {
"text": "Senegalese Space Study Agency (Agence S&eacute;n&eacute;galaise d'Etudes Spatiales or ASES; launched in 2023 under the Ministry of Higher Education, Research, and Innovation) (2024)"
},
"Space program overview": {
"text": "small, nascent program focused on acquiring satellites, largely for socio-economic development and research; conducts research in such fields as astronomy and planetary sciences; has cooperated with the European Space Agency, and the space agencies of France and the US (2024)"
}
},
"Terrorism": {
"Terrorist group(s)": {
"text": "Jama&rsquo;at Nusrat al-Islam wal-Muslimin (JNIM)"

27
africa/sh.json
View file

@ -739,18 +739,27 @@
"text": "30 km (2002) (Saint Helena 20 km, Tristan da Cunha 10 km)"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Saint Helena"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "4 (2024)"
},
"Saint Helena": {
"text": "Jamestown"
"large": {
"text": "1"
},
"Ascension Island": {
"text": "Georgetown"
"medium": {
"text": "1"
},
"Tristan da Cunha": {
"text": "Calshot Harbor (Edinburgh)"
"small": {
"text": "1"
},
"very small": {
"text": "1"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "2"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Edinburgh Of The Seven Seas, Georgetown, Jamestown, North Point"
}
},
"Transportation - note": {

26
africa/sl.json
View file

@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
{
"Introduction": {
"Background": {
"text": "<p>Continuously populated for at least 2,500 years, the dense jungle in the area of Sierra Leone allowed the region to remain relatively protected from invaders from empires in West Africa. Traders introduced Sierra Leone to Islam, which occupies a central role in Sierra Leonean culture and history. In the 17th century, the British set up a trading post near present-day Freetown. The trade originally involved timber and ivory but later expanded to enslaved people. In 1787, following the American Revolution, Sierra Leone became a destination for Black British loyalists from the new United States. After the abolition of the slave trade in 1807, British ships delivered thousands of liberated Africans to Sierra Leone. During the 19th century, the colony gradually expanded inland.</p> <p>In 1961, Sierra Leone became independent of the UK. While Sierra Leone held free and fair elections in 1962 and 1967, Siaka STEVENS - Sierra Leone’s second prime minister - quickly reverted to authoritarian tendencies, outlawing most political parties and ruling from 1967 to 1985. In 1991, Sierra Leonean soldiers launched a civil war against STEVENS’ ruling party. The war caused tens of thousands of deaths and displaced more than 2 million people (about one third of the population). In 1998, a Nigerian-led West African coalition military force intervened, installing Tejan KABBAH - who was originally elected in 1996 - as prime minister. In 2002, KABBAH officially announced the end of the war. Since 1998, Sierra Leone has conducted uninterrupted democratic elections dominated by the two main political parties,the Sierra Leone People’s Party (SLPP) and the All People’s Congress (APC) party. In 2018, Julius Maada BIO of the Sierra Leone People’s Party won the presidential election that saw a high voter turnout despite some allegations of voter intimidation. On June 27, 2023, the Electoral Commission for Sierra Leone announced incumbent President Julius Maada Bio as the winner of the June 2023 presidential election. Independent parallel vote tabulations and analyses by accredited national and international observation missions noted irregularities in the elections results, calling into question the integrity of the results.  On October 19, 2023, following a mediated dialogue, the Government of Sierra Leone and the main opposition party, the All People’s Congress, signed the Agreement for National Unity, which chartered a path forward for greater dialogue and cooperation between political parties, as well as the review and reform of the country’s electoral system.</p>"
"text": "<p>Continuously populated for at least 2,500 years, the area now known as Sierra Leone is covered with dense jungle that allowed the region to remain relatively protected from invading West African empires. Traders introduced Sierra Leone to Islam, which occupies a central role in Sierra Leonean culture and history. In the 17th century, the British set up a trading post near present-day Freetown. The trade originally involved timber and ivory but later expanded to enslaved people. In 1787, after the American Revolution, Sierra Leone became a destination for Black British loyalists from the new United States. When Britain abolished the slave trade in 1807, British ships delivered thousands of liberated Africans to Sierra Leone. During the 19th century, the colony gradually expanded inland.</p> <p>In 1961, Sierra Leone became independent of the UK. Sierra Leone held free and fair elections in 1962 and 1967, but Siaka STEVENS -- Sierra Leone’s second prime minister -- quickly reverted to authoritarian tendencies, outlawing most political parties and ruling from 1967 to 1985. In 1991, Sierra Leonean soldiers launched a civil war against STEVENS’ ruling party. The war caused tens of thousands of deaths and displaced more than 2 million people (about one third of the population). In 1998, a Nigerian-led West African coalition military force intervened, installing Tejan KABBAH -- who was originally elected in 1996 -- as prime minister. In 2002, KABBAH officially announced the end of the war. Since 1998, Sierra Leone has conducted democratic elections dominated by the two main political parties, the Sierra Leone People’s Party (SLPP) and the All People’s Congress (APC) party. In 2018, Julius Maada BIO of the Sierra Leone People’s Party won the presidential election that saw a high voter turnout despite some allegations of voter intimidation. BIO won again in June 2023, although irregularities were noted that called into question the integrity of the results.  In October 2023, the Government of Sierra Leone and the main opposition party, the All People’s Congress, signed the Agreement for National Unity to boost cooperation between political parties and begin the process of reforming the country’s electoral system.</p>"
}
},
"Geography": {
@ -1149,9 +1149,27 @@
"text": "bulk carrier 33, container ship 8, general cargo 320, oil tanker 97, other 126"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Freetown, Pepel, Sherbro Islands"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "3 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "1"
},
"very small": {
"text": "2"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "2"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Bonthe, Freetown, Pepel"
}
}
},

26
africa/so.json
View file

@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
{
"Introduction": {
"Background": {
"text": "<p>Ancient Egypt trade expeditions along the northeastern coast of Africa - including today's Eritrea, Djibouti, and Somalia - occurred at various times between the 25th and 12th centuries B.C. Between A.D. 800 and 1100, immigrant Muslim Arabs and Persians set up coastal trading posts along the Gulf of Aden and the Indian Ocean, solidifying Somalia’s close trading relationship with the Arab Peninsula. In the late 19th century, Britain, France and Italy established colonies in the Somali Peninsula, where they remained until 1960, when British Somaliland gained independence and joined with Italian Somaliland to form the Republic of Somalia, and France maintained control over modern-day Djibouti. The country functioned as a parliamentary democracy until 1969, when General Mohamed SIAD Barre took control in a coup, beginning a 22-year authoritarian socialist dictatorship. In an effort to centralize power, SIAD called for the eradication of the clan, the key cultural and social organizing principle in Somali society. Resistance to SIAD’s socialist leadership, which was causing a rapid deterioration of the country, prompted allied clan militias to overthrow SIAD in early 1991, resulting in state collapse. Subsequent fighting between rival clans for resources and territory overwhelmed the country, resulting in a manmade famine and prompting international intervention. Beginning in 1993, the UN spearheaded a humanitarian mission supported by international forces, but the international community largely withdrew by 1995 following an incident that became known as Black Hawk Down in which two American Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk helicopters were shot down in Mogadishu. The fighting and subsequent siege and rescue resulted in 21 deaths and 82 wounded among the international forces.<br><br>International peace conferences in the 2000s resulted in a number of transitional governments that operated outside of Somalia. Left largely to themselves, Somalis in the country established alternative governance structures; some areas formed their own administrations, such as Somaliland and Puntland, while others developed localized institutions. Many local populations turned to using sharia courts, an Islamic judicial system that implements religious law. Several of these courts came together in 2006 to form the Islamic Courts Union (ICU). The ICU established order in many areas of central and southern Somalia, including Mogadishu, but was forced out when Ethiopia intervened militarily in December 2006 on behalf of the Somali Transitional Federal Government (TFG). While the TFG settled in the capital, the ICU fled to rural areas or from Somalia altogether, reemerging less than a year later as the Islamic insurgent and terrorist movement al-Shabaab, which is still active today. In January 2007, the African Union (AU) established the AU Mission in Somalia peacekeeping force, took over security responsibility for the country, and gave the TFG space to develop Somalia’s new government. By 2012, Somali powerbrokers agreed on a provisional constitution with a loose federal structure and established a central government in Mogadishu termed the Somali Federal Government (SFG). Since then, several interim regional administrations have been established and there have been three presidential elections. However, significant and fundamental governance and security problems remain for the SFG since al-Shabaab controls large portions of the country.<br><br></p>"
"text": "<p>Between A.D. 800 and 1100, immigrant Muslim Arabs and Persians set up coastal trading posts along the Gulf of Aden and the Indian Ocean, solidifying present-day Somalia’s close trading relationship with the Arab Peninsula. In the late 19th century, Britain, France, and Italy established colonies in the Somali Peninsula that lasted until 1960, when British Somaliland gained independence and joined with Italian Somaliland to form the Republic of Somalia. <br><br>The country functioned as a parliamentary democracy until 1969, when General Mohamed SIAD Barre took control in a coup, beginning a 22-year socialist dictatorship. In an effort to centralize power, SIAD called for the eradication of the clan, the key cultural and social organizing principle in Somali society. Resistance to SIAD’s socialist leadership, which was causing a rapid deterioration of the country, prompted allied clan militias to overthrow SIAD in 1991, resulting in state collapse. Subsequent fighting between rival clans for resources and territory overwhelmed the country, causing a manmade famine and prompting international intervention. Beginning in 1993, the UN spearheaded an international humanitarian mission, but the international community largely withdrew by 1995 after an incident that became known as Black Hawk Down, in which two US military helicopters were shot down in Mogadishu. The fighting and subsequent siege and rescue resulted in 21 deaths and 82 wounded among the international forces.<br><br>International peace conferences in the 2000s resulted in a number of transitional governments that operated outside Somalia. Left largely to themselves, Somalis in the country established alternative governance structures; some areas formed their own administrations, such as Somaliland and Puntland, while others developed localized institutions. Many local populations turned to sharia courts, an Islamic judicial system that implements religious law. Several of these courts came together in 2006 to form the Islamic Courts Union (ICU). The ICU established order in many areas of central and southern Somalia, including Mogadishu, but was forced out when Ethiopia intervened militarily in 2006 on behalf of the Somali Transitional Federal Government (TFG). As the TFG settled in the capital, the ICU fled to rural areas or left Somalia altogether, but the organization reemerged less than a year later as the Islamic insurgent and terrorist movement al-Shabaab, which is still active today. <br><br>In 2007, the African Union (AU) established a peacekeeping force, took over security responsibility for the country, and gave the TFG space to develop Somalia’s new government. By 2012, Somali powerbrokers agreed on a provisional constitution with a loose federal structure and established a central government in Mogadishu called the Somali Federal Government (SFG). Since then, the country has seen several interim regional administrations and three presidential elections, but significant governance and security problems remain because al-Shabaab still controls large portions of the country.</p>"
}
},
"Geography": {
@ -1085,9 +1085,27 @@
"text": "general cargo 1, other 3"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Berbera, Kismaayo"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "6 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "1"
},
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "2"
},
"very small": {
"text": "3"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "2"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Baraawe, Berbera, Boosaaso, Kismaayo, Marka, Muqdisho"
}
}
},

26
africa/su.json
View file

@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
{
"Introduction": {
"Background": {
"text": "<p>Long referred to as Nubia, modern-day Sudan was the site of the Kingdom of Kerma (ca. 2500-1500 B.C.) until it was absorbed into the New Kingdom of Egypt. By the 11th century B.C., the Kingdom of Kush gained independence from Egypt; it lasted in various forms until the middle of the 4th century A.D. After the fall of Kush, the Nubians formed three Christian kingdoms of Nobatia, Makuria, and Alodia. The latter two endured until around 1500. Between the 14th and 15th centuries much of Sudan was settled by Arab nomads, and between the 16th–19th centuries it underwent extensive Islamization. Following Egyptian occupation early in the 19th century, the British established an Anglo-Egyptian Sudan - nominally a condominium, but in effect a British colony. <br><br>Military regimes favoring Islamic-oriented governments have dominated national politics since Sudan gained independence from Anglo-Egyptian co-rule in 1956. The 30-year reign of President Omar Hassan Ahmad al-BASHIR, following months of nationwide protests, ended with the military forcing him out in April 2019. In July 2019, the country’s Transitional Military Council signed an agreement with the Forces for Freedom and Change (an umbrella group of civilian actors) to form a transitional government under a Constitutional Declaration. Economist and former international civil servant Abdalla HAMDOUK al-Kinani was selected to serve as prime minister of a transitional government, which was to have guided the country to credible democratic elections in late 2022. In October 2021, the Sudanese military organized a takeover that ousted Prime Minister HAMDOUK and his government and replaced civilian members of the Sovereign Council (Sudan’s collective Head of State) with individuals selected by the military. HAMDOUK was briefly reinstated in November 2021 but resigned in January 2022.</p> <p>As of June 2023, General Abd-al-Fatah al-BURHAN Abd-al-Rahman, the Chair of Sudan’s Sovereign Council and Commander-in-Chief of the Sudanese Armed Forces, serves as de facto head of state and government. He presides over a Sovereign Council consisting of military leaders, former armed opposition group representatives, and civilians appointed by the military. A cabinet of acting ministers handles day-to-day administration. These acting ministers are either senior civil servants (some appointed by former Prime Minister HAMDOUK and some selected by the military) or holdover ministers from Prime Minister HAMDOUK’s former cabinet who were appointed by former armed opposition groups that the military allowed to remain in their positions. The Sudanese Armed Forces have been embroiled in a fight with the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces since mid-April 2023. <br><br>During most of the second half of the 20th century, Sudan was embroiled in two prolonged civil wars rooted in northern economic, political, and social domination of the largely non-Muslim, non-Arab southern portion of the country. The first civil war ended in 1972, but another broke out in 1983. Peace talks gained momentum in 2002-04, and the final North/South Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA), signed in January 2005, granted the southern rebels autonomy for six years followed by a referendum on independence for Southern Sudan. South Sudan became independent in July 2011, but Sudan and South Sudan have yet to fully implement security and economic agreements relating to the normalization of relations between the two countries. <br><br>In the 21st century, Sudan faced conflict in Darfur, Southern Kordofan, and Blue Nile starting in 2003, and between the Sudanese Armed Forces and the Rapid Support Forces in 2023, sparking mass displacement.</p> <p> </p>"
"text": "<p>Long referred to as Nubia, modern-day Sudan was the site of the Kingdom of Kerma (ca. 2500-1500 B.C.) until it was absorbed into the New Kingdom of Egypt. By the 11th century B.C., the Kingdom of Kush gained independence from Egypt; it lasted in various forms until the middle of the 4th century A.D. After the fall of Kush, the Nubians formed three Christian kingdoms of Nobatia, Makuria, and Alodia, with the latter two enduring until around 1500. Between the 14th and 15th centuries, Arab nomads settled much of Sudan, leading to extensive Islamization between the 16th and 19th centuries. Following Egyptian occupation early in the 19th century, an agreement in 1899 set up a joint British-Egyptian government in Sudan, but it was effectively a British colony. <br><br>Military regimes favoring Islamic-oriented governments have dominated national politics since Sudan gained independence from Anglo-Egyptian co-rule in 1956. During most of the second half of the 20th century, Sudan was embroiled in two prolonged civil wars rooted in northern domination of the largely non-Muslim, non-Arab southern portion of the country. The first civil war ended in 1972, but another broke out in 1983. Peace talks gained momentum in 2002-04, and the final North/South Comprehensive Peace Agreement in 2005 granted the southern rebels autonomy for six years, followed by a referendum on independence for Southern Sudan. South Sudan became independent in 2011, but Sudan and South Sudan have yet to fully implement security and economic agreements to normalize relations between the two countries. Sudan has also faced conflict in Darfur, Southern Kordofan, and Blue Nile starting in 2003.<br><br>In 2019, after months of nationwide protests, the 30-year reign of President Omar Hassan Ahmad al-BASHIR ended when the military forced him out. Economist and former international civil servant Abdalla HAMDOUK al-Kinani was selected to serve as the prime minister of a transitional government as the country prepared for elections in 2022. In late 2021, however, the Sudanese military ousted HAMDOUK and his government and replaced civilian members of the Sovereign Council (Sudan’s collective Head of State) with individuals selected by the military. HAMDOUK was briefly reinstated but resigned in January 2022. General Abd-al-Fatah al-BURHAN Abd-al-Rahman, the Chair of Sudan’s Sovereign Council and Commander-in-Chief of the Sudanese Armed Forces, currently serves as de facto head of state and government. He presides over a Sovereign Council consisting of military leaders, former armed opposition group representatives, and military-appointed civilians. A cabinet of acting ministers handles day-to-day administration. </p>"
}
},
"Geography": {
@ -1186,9 +1186,27 @@
"text": "other 14"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Port Sudan"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "4 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "2"
},
"small": {
"text": "2"
},
"very small": {
"text": "0"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "3"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Al Khair Oil Terminal, Beshayer Oil Terminal, Port Sudan, Sawakin Harbor"
}
}
},

31
africa/to.json
View file

@ -586,13 +586,13 @@
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (91 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by closed, party-list proportional representation vote to serve 5-year terms); party lists are required to contain equal numbers of men and women"
"text": "unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (113 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by closed, party-list proportional representation vote to serve 5-year terms); party lists are required to contain equal numbers of men and women"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 20 December 2018 (next election was to be held on 20 April 2024 but has been indefinitely postponed)"
"text": "last held on 29 April 2024 (next election April 2029)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UNIR 59, UFC 7, NET 3, MPDD 2, MRC 1, PDP 1, independent 18; composition - men 73, women 17, percent of women 18.9%"
"text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UNIR 108, ADDI 2, ANC 1, DMP 1, FDR 1 composition - NA"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
@ -1200,12 +1200,27 @@
"text": "bulk carrier 1, container ship 10, general cargo 250, oil tanker 56, other 80"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Kpeme, Lome"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "2 (2024)"
},
"container port(s) (TEUs)": {
"text": "Lome (1,962,304) (2021)"
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "1"
},
"small": {
"text": "0"
},
"very small": {
"text": "1"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "2"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Kpeme, Lome"
}
}
},

24
africa/tp.json
View file

@ -1123,9 +1123,27 @@
"text": "general cargo 15, oil tanker 4, other 6"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Sao Tome"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "2 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "0"
},
"very small": {
"text": "2"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "0"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Santo Antonio, Sao Tome"
}
}
},

28
africa/ts.json
View file

@ -799,10 +799,10 @@
},
"Average household expenditures": {
"on food": {
"text": "21.9% of household expenditures (2018 est.)"
"text": "24.2% of household expenditures (2021 est.)"
},
"on alcohol and tobacco": {
"text": "3.2% of household expenditures (2018 est.)"
"text": "3.4% of household expenditures (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Household income or consumption by percentage share": {
@ -1193,9 +1193,27 @@
"text": "container ship 1, general cargo 8, oil tanker 1, other 62"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Bizerte, Gabes, Rades, Sfax, Skhira"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "16 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "3"
},
"small": {
"text": "7"
},
"very small": {
"text": "6"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "10"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Ashtart Oil Terminal, Banzart, Didon Terminal, Gabes, La Goulette, Menzel Bourguiba, Mersa Sfax, Sousse, Tazerka Oil Terminal, Tunis"
}
}
},

30
africa/tz.json
View file

@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
{
"Introduction": {
"Background": {
"text": "<p>Tanzania contains some of Africa’s most iconic national parks and famous paleoanthropological sites, and its diverse cultural heritage reflects the multiple ethnolinguistic groups that live in the country. Its long history of integration into trade networks spanning the Indian Ocean and the African interior led to the development of Swahili as a common language in much of east Africa and the introduction of Islam into the region. A number of independent coastal and island trading posts in what is now Tanzania came under Portuguese control after 1498 when they began to take control of much of the coast and Indian Ocean trade. By 1700, the Sultanate of Oman had become the dominant power in the region after ousting the Portuguese who were also facing a series of local uprisings. During the following hundred years, Zanzibar - an archipelago off the coast of Tanzania - became a hub of Indian Ocean trade, with Arab and Indian traders establishing and consolidating trade routes with communities in mainland Tanzania that contributed to the expansion of the slave trade. Zanzibar briefly become the capital of the Sultanate of Oman before it split into separate Omani and Zanzibar Sultanates in 1856. Beginning in the mid-1800s, European explorers, traders, and Christian missionaries became more active in the region. The Germans eventually established control over mainland Tanzania - which they called Tanganyika - and the British established control over Zanzibar. Tanganyika later came under British administration after the German defeat in World War I.</p> <p>Tanganyika gained independence from Great Britain in 1961, and Zanzibar followed in 1963 as a constitutional monarchy. In Tanganyika, Julius NYERERE, a charismatic and idealistic socialist, established a one-party political system that centralized power and encouraged national self-reliance and rural development. In 1964, a popular uprising overthrew the Sultan in Zanzibar and either killed or expelled many of the Arabs and Indians who had dominated the isles for more than 200 years. Later that year, Tanganyika and Zanzibar combined to form the United Republic of Tanzania, but Zanzibar retained considerable autonomy. Their two ruling parties combined to form the Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) party in 1977, which has won every presidential election to date. NYERERE handed over power to Ali Hassan MWINYI in 1985 and remained CCM chair until 1990. Tanzania held its first multi-party elections in 1995, but CCM candidates have continued to dominate politics. Political opposition in Zanzibar has led to four contentious elections since 1995, in which the ruling party claimed victory despite international observers' claims of voting irregularities. In 2001, 35 people in Zanzibar died when soldiers fired on protestors following the 2000 election. John MAGUFULI won the 2015 presidential election, and the CCM won a two-thirds majority in Parliament. He was reelected in 2020 and the CCM increased its majority in an election that was also critiqued by observers. MAGUFULI died in March 2021 while in office and was constitutionally succeeded by his vice president, Samia Suluhu HASSAN.</p>"
"text": "<p>Tanzania contains some of Africa’s most iconic national parks and famous paleoanthropological sites, and its diverse cultural heritage reflects the multiple ethnolinguistic groups that live in the country. Its long history of integration into trade networks spanning the Indian Ocean and the African interior led to the development of Swahili as a common language in much of east Africa and the introduction of Islam into the region. A number of independent coastal and island trading posts in what is now Tanzania came under Portuguese control after 1498 when they began to take control of much of the coast and Indian Ocean trade. By 1700, the Sultanate of Oman had become the dominant power in the region after ousting the Portuguese, who were also facing a series of local uprisings. During the next hundred years, Zanzibar -- an archipelago off the coast that is now part of Tanzania -- became a hub of Indian Ocean trade, with Arab and Indian traders establishing and consolidating trade routes with communities in mainland Tanzania that contributed to the expansion of the slave trade. Zanzibar briefly became the capital of the Sultanate of Oman before it split into separate Omani and Zanzibar Sultanates in 1856. Beginning in the mid-1800s, European explorers, traders, and Christian missionaries became more active in the region. The Germans eventually established control over mainland Tanzania -- which they called Tanganyika -- and the British established control over Zanzibar. Tanganyika came under British administration after the German defeat in World War I.</p> <p>Tanganyika gained independence from Great Britain in 1961, and Zanzibar followed in 1963 as a constitutional monarchy. In Tanganyika, Julius NYERERE, a charismatic and idealistic socialist, established a one-party political system that centralized power and encouraged national self-reliance and rural development. In 1964, a popular uprising overthrew the Sultan in Zanzibar and either killed or expelled many of the Arabs and Indians who had dominated the isles for more than 200 years. Later that year, Tanganyika and Zanzibar combined to form the United Republic of Tanzania, but Zanzibar retained considerable autonomy. Their two ruling parties combined to form the Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) party in 1977, which has since won every presidential election. Tanzania held its first multi-party elections in 1995, but CCM candidates have continued to dominate politics. The ruling party has claimed victory in four contentious elections since 1995, despite international observers' claims of voting irregularities. In 2001, 35 people died in Zanzibar when soldiers fired on protestors. John MAGUFULI won the 2015 and 2020 presidential elections, and the CCM won over two-thirds of the seats in Parliament in both elections. MAGUFULI died in 2021 while in office and was succeeded by his vice president, Samia Suluhu HASSAN.</p>"
}
},
"Geography": {
@ -848,10 +848,10 @@
},
"Average household expenditures": {
"on food": {
"text": "33.1% of household expenditures (2018 est.)"
"text": "27.4% of household expenditures (2021 est.)"
},
"on alcohol and tobacco": {
"text": "4.2% of household expenditures (2018 est.)"
"text": "1.6% of household expenditures (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Household income or consumption by percentage share": {
@ -1243,9 +1243,27 @@
"text": "bulk carrier 4, container ship 17, general cargo 170, oil tanker 58, other 132"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Dar es Salaam, Zanzibar"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "8 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "1"
},
"small": {
"text": "3"
},
"very small": {
"text": "4"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "4"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Chake Chake, Dar Es Salaam, Tanga, Zanzibar"
}
}
},

9
africa/ug.json
View file

@ -810,10 +810,10 @@
},
"Average household expenditures": {
"on food": {
"text": "44.2% of household expenditures (2018 est.)"
"text": "44.2% of household expenditures (2021 est.)"
},
"on alcohol and tobacco": {
"text": "1% of household expenditures (2018 est.)"
"text": "0.9% of household expenditures (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Household income or consumption by percentage share": {
@ -1191,11 +1191,6 @@
},
"Waterways": {
"text": "907 km (2022) (there are no long navigable stretches of river in Uganda; parts of the Albert Nile ( 210 km) that flow out of Lake Albert (160 km) in the northwestern part of the country are navigable; several lakes including Lake Victoria (337 km) and Lake Kyoga (199.5) have substantial traffic; Lake Albert is navigable along a 200-km stretch from its northern tip to its southern shores)"
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"lake port(s)": {
"text": "Entebbe, Jinja, Port Bell (Lake Victoria)"
}
}
},
"Military and Security": {

2
africa/uv.json
View file

@ -1207,7 +1207,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>in 2022, government authorities announced a special recruitment for up to 6,000 additional soldiers and 1,500 gendarmes to assist with its fight against terrorist groups operating in the country; the government also put out a recruitment call for up to 100,000 VDP volunteers, and as of 2023 claimed about 50,000 had volunteered (the VDP's original recruited strength was 15,000)<br><strong><br><br></strong>"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the FABF has a mix of older, secondhand, and some modern equipment from a variety of suppliers, including China, France, Russia, South Africa, Turkey, the UK, and the US (2024)"
"text": "the FABF has a mix of older, secondhand, and some modern equipment from a variety of suppliers, including China, Egypt, France, Russia, South Africa, Turkey, the UK, and the US (2024)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-26 years of age for voluntary military service for men and women (2023)",

24
africa/wa.json
View file

@ -1192,9 +1192,27 @@
"text": "general cargo 1, other 14"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Luderitz, Walvis Bay"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "2 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "2"
},
"very small": {
"text": "0"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "2"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Luderitz Bay, Walvis Bay"
}
}
},

5
africa/za.json
View file

@ -1206,11 +1206,6 @@
"by type": {
"text": "general cargo 1, oil tanker 1"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"river port(s)": {
"text": "Mpulungu (Zambezi)"
}
}
},
"Military and Security": {

5
africa/zi.json
View file

@ -1188,11 +1188,6 @@
},
"Waterways": {
"text": "223 km (2022) some navigation possible on Lake Kariba (223 km)"
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"river port(s)": {
"text": "Binga, Kariba (Zambezi)"
}
}
},
"Military and Security": {

24
antarctica/ay.json
View file

@ -230,8 +230,28 @@
"Heliports": {
"text": "5 (2024)"
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"text": "most coastal stations have sparse and intermittent offshore anchorages; a few stations have basic wharf facilities"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "8 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "1"
},
"very small": {
"text": "7"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "0"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Admiralty Bay, Andersen Harbor, Ellefsen Harbor, Mcmurdo Station, Melchior Harbor, Port Foster, Port Lockroy, Scotia Bay"
}
},
"Transportation - note": {
"text": "US coastal stations include McMurdo (77 51 S, 166 40 E) and Palmer (64 43 S, 64 03 W); government use only; all ships are subject to inspection in accordance with Article 7 of the Antarctic Treaty; ships must comply with relevant legal instruments and authorization procedures under the Antarctic Treaty (see \"Legal System\"); The Hydrographic Commission on Antarctica (HCA), a commission of the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO), coordinates and facilitates provision of accurate and appropriate charts and other aids to navigation; membership in HCA is open to any IHO Member State whose government has acceded to the Antarctic Treaty and which contributes resources or data to IHO Chart coverage of the area"

3
antarctica/bv.json
View file

@ -170,9 +170,6 @@
}
},
"Transportation": {
"Ports and terminals": {
"text": "none; offshore anchorage only"
}
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military - note": {

3
antarctica/fs.json
View file

@ -177,9 +177,6 @@
"by type": {
"text": "other 2"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"text": "none; offshore anchorage only"
}
},
"Military and Security": {

5
antarctica/hm.json
View file

@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
{
"Introduction": {
"Background": {
"text": "<p>American sailor John HEARD discovered Heard Island in 1853 and thought it was a glacier that had broken away from Antarctica. Fellow American William MCDONALD discovered the McDonald Islands the following year. Starting in 1855, sealers lived on the islands and harvested elephant seal oil; by the time the practice was ended in 1877, most of the islands’ seals were killed. The UK formally claimed the islands in 1910, and Australian explorer Douglas MAWSON visited Heard Island in 1929. In 1947, the UK transferred the islands to Australia for its Antarctica research, but Australia closed the research station on Heard Island in 1954 when it opened a new research station on the Antarctic continent. McDonald Island has been an active volcano since it emerged from dormancy in 1992, and the island doubled in size after an eruption in 1996. In 1997, the islands were named a UNESCO World Heritage site. Populated by a large number of bird species, seals, and penguins, the islands are primarily used for research, with limited fishing permitted in the surrounding waters.</p> <p style=\"margin: 0in; margin-bottom: .0001pt; line-height: 18.0pt; background: white;\"> </p>"
"text": "<p>American sailor John HEARD discovered Heard Island in 1853 while fellow American William MCDONALD discovered the McDonald Islands the following year. Starting in 1855, sealers lived on the islands and harvested elephant seal oil; by the time the practice was ended in 1877, most of the islands’ seals were killed. The UK formally claimed the islands in 1910, and Australian explorer Douglas MAWSON visited Heard Island in 1929. In 1947, the UK transferred the islands to Australia for its Antarctica research, but Australia closed the research station on Heard Island in 1954 when it opened a new research station on the Antarctic continent. McDonald Island has been an active volcano since it emerged from dormancy in 1992, and the island doubled in size after an eruption in 1996. In 1997, the islands were named a UNESCO World Heritage site. Populated by a large number of bird species, seals, and penguins, the islands are primarily used for research, with limited fishing permitted in the surrounding waters.</p> <p style=\"margin: 0in; margin-bottom: .0001pt; line-height: 18.0pt; background: white;\"> </p>"
}
},
"Geography": {
@ -150,9 +150,6 @@
"Transportation": {
"Heliports": {
"text": "2 (2024)"
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"text": "none; offshore anchorage only"
}
},
"Military and Security": {

24
australia-oceania/aq.json
View file

@ -823,9 +823,27 @@
"text": "241 km (2016)"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Pago Pago"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "1 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "1"
},
"very small": {
"text": "0"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "1"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Pago Pago Harbor"
}
}
},

33
australia-oceania/as.json
View file

@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
{
"Introduction": {
"Background": {
"text": "<p>Aboriginal Australians arrived on the continent at least 60,000 years ago and developed complex hunter-gatherer societies and oral histories. Dutch navigators led by Abel TASMAN were the first Europeans to land in Australia in 1606, and they mapped the western and northern coasts. They named the continent New Holland but made no attempts to permanently settle it. In 1770, English captain James COOK sailed to the east coast of Australia, named it New South Wales, and claimed it for Great Britain. In 1788 and 1825 respectively, Great Britain established New South Wales and then Tasmania as penal colonies. Great Britain and Ireland sent more than 150,000 convicts to Australia before ending the practice in 1868. As Europeans began settling areas away from the coasts, they came into more direct contact with Aboriginal Australians. Europeans also cleared land for agriculture, impacting Aboriginal Australians’ ways of life. These issues, along with disease and a policy in the 1900s that forcefully removed Aboriginal children from their parents, reduced the Aboriginal Australian population from more than 700,000 pre-European contact to a low of 74,000 in 1933.<br><br>Four additional colonies were established in Australia in the mid-1800s: Western Australia (1829), South Australia (1836), Victoria (1851), and Queensland (1859). Gold rushes beginning in the 1850s brought thousands of new immigrants to New South Wales and Victoria, helping to reorient Australia away from its penal colony roots. In the second half of the 1800s, the colonies were all gradually granted self-government, and in 1901, they federated and became the Commonwealth of Australia. Australia contributed more than 400,000 troops to Allied efforts during World War I, and Australian troops played a large role in the defeat of Japanese troops in the Pacific in World War II. Australia severed most constitutional links with the UK in 1942 but remained part of the British Commonwealth. Australia’s post-war economy boomed and by the 1970s, racial policies that prevented most non-Whites from immigrating to Australia were removed, greatly increasing Asian immigration to the country. In recent decades, Australia has become an internationally competitive, advanced market economy due in large part to economic reforms adopted in the 1980s and its proximity to East and Southeast Asia. In 2021, Australia, the UK, and the US announced the AUKUS enhanced trilateral security partnership to maintain and expand the three countries’ edge in military capabilities and critical technologies.</p> <p>In the early 2000s, Australian politics became unstable with frequent attempts to oust party leaders, including five changes of prime minister between 2010 and 2018. As a result, both major parties instituted rules to make it harder to remove a party leader.</p>"
"text": "<p>Aboriginal Australians arrived on the continent at least 60,000 years ago and developed complex hunter-gatherer societies and oral histories. Dutch navigators led by Abel TASMAN were the first Europeans to land in Australia in 1606, and they mapped the western and northern coasts. They named the continent New Holland but made no attempts to permanently settle it. In 1770, Englishman James COOK sailed to the east coast of Australia, named it New South Wales, and claimed it for Great Britain. In 1788 and 1825 respectively, Great Britain established New South Wales and then Tasmania as penal colonies. Great Britain and Ireland sent more than 150,000 convicts to Australia before ending the practice in 1868. As Europeans began settling areas away from the coasts, they came into more direct contact with Aboriginal Australians. Europeans also cleared land for agriculture, impacting Aboriginal Australians’ ways of life. These issues, along with disease and a policy in the 1900s that forcefully removed Aboriginal children from their parents, reduced the Aboriginal Australian population from more than 700,000 pre-European contact to a low of 74,000 in 1933.<br><br>Four additional colonies were established in Australia in the mid-1800s: Western Australia (1829), South Australia (1836), Victoria (1851), and Queensland (1859). Gold rushes beginning in the 1850s brought thousands of new immigrants to New South Wales and Victoria, helping to reorient Australia away from its penal colony roots. In the second half of the 1800s, the colonies were all gradually granted self-government, and in 1901, they federated and became the Commonwealth of Australia. Australia contributed more than 400,000 troops to Allied efforts during World War I, and Australian troops played a large role in the defeat of Japanese troops in the Pacific in World War II. Australia severed most constitutional links with the UK in 1942 but remained part of the British Commonwealth. Australia’s post-war economy boomed and by the 1970s, racial policies that prevented most non-Whites from immigrating to Australia were removed, greatly increasing Asian immigration to the country. In recent decades, Australia has become an internationally competitive, advanced market economy due in large part to economic reforms adopted in the 1980s and its proximity to East and Southeast Asia. </p> <p>In the early 2000s, Australian politics became unstable with frequent attempts to oust party leaders, including five changes of prime minister between 2010 and 2018. As a result, both major parties instituted rules to make it harder to remove a party leader.</p>"
}
},
"Geography": {
@ -820,10 +820,10 @@
},
"Average household expenditures": {
"on food": {
"text": "9.3% of household expenditures (2018 est.)"
"text": "10% of household expenditures (2021 est.)"
},
"on alcohol and tobacco": {
"text": "3.5% of household expenditures (2018 est.)"
"text": "4.2% of household expenditures (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Household income or consumption by percentage share": {
@ -1214,18 +1214,27 @@
"text": "bulk carrier 2, general cargo 76, oil tanker 6, other 520"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "<em><br>Indian Ocean:</em> Adelaide, Darwin, Fremantle, Geelong, Melbourne<br><em>Pacific Ocean:</em> Brisbane, Cairns, Gladstone, Hobart, Newcastle, Port Port Kembla, Sydney"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "66 (2024)"
},
"container port(s) (TEUs)": {
"text": "Melbourne (2,909,288), Sydney (2,761,648) (2021)"
"large": {
"text": "5"
},
"LNG terminal(s) (export)": {
"text": "Australia Pacific, Barrow Island, Burrup (Pluto), Curtis Island, Darwin, Karratha, Bladin Point (Ichthys), Gladstone,&nbsp;Prelude (offshore FLNG), Wheatstone"
"medium": {
"text": "8"
},
"dry bulk cargo port(s)": {
"text": "Dampier (iron ore), Dalrymple Bay (coal), Hay Point (coal), Port Hedland (iron ore), Port Walcott (iron ore)"
"small": {
"text": "24"
},
"very small": {
"text": "29"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "38"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Brisbane, Dampier, Darwin, Fremantle, Geelong, Hobart, Melbourne, Newcastle, Port Adelaide, Port Dalrymple, Port Kembla, Port Lincoln, Sydney"
}
}
},

7
australia-oceania/at.json
View file

@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
{
"Introduction": {
"Background": {
"text": "<p>Indonesian fishermen have long fished in the area around Ashmore Reef and Cartier Island. British explorers were the first Europeans to see Cartier Island and Ashmore Reef in 1800 and 1811, respectively. American whalers frequently sailed by the islands in the 1850s and later settled to mine the phosphate deposits on Ashmore Reef, which were exhausted by 1891. The UK disputed US access to Ashmore Reef and formally annexed it in 1878. Cartier Island was annexed in 1909. In 1931, the UK transferred the islands to Australia, which accepted them in 1934 as part of Western Australia. In 1938, Australia transferred governance to the Northern Territory. During World War II, the islands saw several Allied ship visits, and post-war, Cartier Island became a bombing range. In 1978, governance of Ashmore and Cartier Islands was moved to the federal government. Ashmore Reef and Cartier Island became marine reserves in 1983 and 2000 respectively.<br><br>In 1974, Australia and Indonesia signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) to allow Indonesian fishermen to continue fishing around the islands. The MOU also allows Indonesian fishermen to visit the graves of past fishermen, replenish their fresh water, and shelter in the West Island Lagoon of Ashmore Reef. In the 1990s, Indonesia challenged Australia’s claim to the islands, which was settled in a maritime boundary treaty in 1997. The islands were a popular first point of contact for migrants and refugees seeking to enter Australia, so in 2001, Australia declared the islands to be outside the Australian migration zone.</p>"
"text": "<p>Indonesian fishermen have long fished in the area around Ashmore Reef and Cartier Island. British explorers were the first Europeans to see Cartier Island and Ashmore Reef in 1800 and 1811, respectively. American whalers frequently sailed by the islands in the 1850s and later settled to mine the phosphate deposits on Ashmore Reef, which were exhausted by 1891. The UK disputed US access to Ashmore Reef and formally annexed it in 1878. Cartier Island was annexed in 1909. In 1931, the UK transferred the islands to Australia, which accepted them in 1934 as part of Western Australia. In 1938, Australia transferred governance to the Northern Territory. During World War II, Cartier Island was used as a bombing range. In 1978, governance of Ashmore and Cartier Islands was moved to the federal government. Ashmore Reef and Cartier Island became marine reserves in 1983 and 2000 respectively.<br><br>In 1974, Australia and Indonesia signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) to allow Indonesian fishermen to continue fishing around the islands. The MOU also allows Indonesian fishermen to visit the graves of past fishermen, replenish their fresh water, and shelter in the West Island Lagoon of Ashmore Reef. In the 1990s, Indonesia challenged Australia’s claim to the islands, which was settled in a maritime boundary treaty in 1997. The islands were a popular first point of contact for migrants and refugees seeking to enter Australia, so in 2001, Australia declared the islands to be outside the Australian migration zone.</p>"
}
},
"Geography": {
@ -138,13 +138,10 @@
"Economy": {
},
"Transportation": {
"Ports and terminals": {
"text": "none; offshore anchorage only"
}
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military - note": {
"text": "defense is the responsibility of Australia; periodic visits by the Royal Australian Navy and Royal Australian Air Force"
"text": "defense is the responsibility of Australia"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

31
australia-oceania/bp.json
View file

@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
{
"Introduction": {
"Background": {
"text": "<p>Settlers from Papua arrived on Solomon Islands around 30,000 years ago. About 6,000 years ago, Austronesian settlers came to Solomon Islands and the two groups mixed extensively. Despite significant inter-island trade, no attempts were made to unite the islands into a single political entity. In 1568, Spanish explorer Alvaro de MENDANA became the first European to spot the islands. After a failed Spanish attempt at creating a permanent European settlement on the islands in the late 1500s, Solomon Islands remained free of European contact until 1767 when British explorer Philip CARTERET sailed by the islands. The islands were regularly visited by European explorers and American and British whaling ships into the 1800s, followed by missionaries in the 1840s-50s.<br><br>Germany declared a protectorate over the northern Solomon Islands in 1885, and the UK established a protectorate over the southern islands in 1893. In 1899, Germany transferred its Solomon Islands to the UK in exchange for the UK relinquishing all claims in Samoa. The UK tried to encourage plantation farming, but few Europeans were willing to go to Solomon Islands and the UK left most services - such as education and medical services - to missionaries. In 1942, Japan invaded Solomon Islands and significant battles against Allied forces during the Guadalcanal Campaign proved a turning point in the Pacific war. World War II destroyed large parts of Solomon Islands and a nationalism movement emerged near the end of the war. By 1960, the British relented to allow for some local autonomy. The islands were granted self-government in 1976 and independence two years later under Prime Minister Sir Peter KENILOREA.<br><br>In 1999, longstanding ethnic tensions between ethnic Guale in Honiara and ethnic Malaitans in Honiara’s suburbs erupted in civil war, leading thousands of Malaitans to take refuge in Honiara and Guale to flee the city. In 2000, newly-elected Prime Minister Manasseh SOGAVARE focused on peace agreements and distributing resources equally among groups, but his actions bankrupted the government in 2001 and led to SOGAVARE’s ouster. In 2003, Solomon Islands requested international assistance to reestablish law and order. The Australian-led Regional Assistance Mission to the Solomon Islands, which ended in 2017, was generally effective in improving the security situation. In 2006, riots broke out in Honiara and the city’s Chinatown burned over allegations that the prime minister took money from China. SOGAVARE was reelected prime minister for a fourth time following elections in 2019 and that same year announced Solomon Islands would switch diplomatic recognition from Taiwan to China. When a small group of protestors, mostly from the island of Malaita, approached parliament to lodge a petition calling for SOGAVARE’s removal and more development in Malaita in November 2021, police fired tear gas into the crowd which sparked rioting and looting in Honiara. </p>"
"text": "<p>Settlers from Papua arrived on the Solomon Islands around 30,000 years ago. About 6,000 years ago, Austronesian settlers came to the islands, and the two groups mixed extensively. Despite significant inter-island trade, no attempts were made to unite the islands into a single political entity. In 1568, Spanish explorer Alvaro de MENDANA became the first European to spot the islands. After a failed Spanish attempt at creating a permanent European settlement in the late 1500s, the Solomon Islands remained free of European contact until British explorer Philip CARTERET arrived in 1767. European explorers and US and British whaling ships regularly visited the islands into the 1800s, followed by missionaries in the 1840s and 1850s.<br><br>Germany declared a protectorate over the northern Solomon Islands in 1885, and the UK established a protectorate over the southern islands in 1893. In 1899, Germany transferred its islands to the UK in exchange for the UK relinquishing all claims in Samoa. The UK tried to encourage plantation farming, but few Europeans were willing to go to the Solomon Islands, and the UK left most services -- such as education and medical services -- to missionaries. In 1942, Japan invaded the islands, and significant battles against Allied forces during the Guadalcanal Campaign proved a turning point in the Pacific war. World War II destroyed large parts of the Solomon Islands, and a nationalist movement emerged near the end of the war. By 1960, the British allowed some local autonomy. The islands were granted self-government in 1976 and independence two years later under Prime Minister Sir Peter KENILOREA.<br><br>In 1999, longstanding tensions between ethnic Guale in Honiara and ethnic Malaitans in Honiara’s suburbs erupted in civil war, leading thousands of Malaitans to take refuge in Honiara and prompting Guale to flee the city. In 2000, newly elected Prime Minister Manasseh SOGAVARE focused on peace agreements and distributing resources equally among groups, but his actions bankrupted the government in 2001 and led to his ouster. In 2003, the Solomon Islands requested international assistance to reestablish law and order; the Australian-led Regional Assistance Mission to the Solomon Islands, which ended in 2017, improved the security situation. In 2006, however, riots broke out in Honiara, and the city’s Chinatown was burned amid allegations that the prime minister took money from China. SOGAVARE was reelected prime minister for a fourth time in 2019 and then announced that the Solomon Islands would switch diplomatic recognition from Taiwan to China. When a small group of protestors, mostly from the island of Malaita, approached parliament to lodge a petition calling for SOGAVARE’s removal and more development in Malaita in 2021, police fired tear gas into the crowd which sparked rioting and looting in Honiara. </p>"
}
},
"Geography": {
@ -497,16 +497,13 @@
"text": "King CHARLES III (since 8 September 2022); represented by Governor General David VUNAGI (since 8 July 2019)"
},
"head of government": {
"text": "Prime Minister Manasseh SOGAVARE (since 24 April 2019)"
"text": "Prime Minister Jeremiah MANELE (since 2 May 2024)"
},
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch on the advice of the National Parliament for up to 5 years (eligible for a second term); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually elected prime minister by the National Parliament; deputy prime minister appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister from among members of the National Parliament"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Manasseh SOGAVARE (OUR Party) elected prime minister on 24 April 2019"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
@ -1088,9 +1085,27 @@
"text": "general cargo 8, oil tanker 1, other 16"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Honiara, Malloco Bay, Viru Harbor, Tulagi"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "6 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "2"
},
"very small": {
"text": "4"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "1"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Gizo Harbor, Honiara, Port Noro, Ringgi Cove, Tulaghi, Yandina"
}
}
},

7
australia-oceania/ck.json
View file

@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
{
"Introduction": {
"Background": {
"text": "<p>British Captain William KEELING discovered the Cocos (Keeling) Islands in 1609, and they were named for their coconut trees in 1622. Some maps began referring to them as the Keeling Islands in 1703. In 1825, Scottish trader John CLUNIES-ROSS was trying to get to Christmas Island but was blown off-course and landed on Cocos (Keeling) Islands. The next year, a British trader hired CLUNIES-ROSS's brother to bring slaves and a harem of Malay women to create the first permanent settlement on the island. By the 1830s, the Clunies-Ross family had firmly established themselves as the leaders of the islands, and they ruled Cocos (Keeling) Islands in a feudal style until 1978.<br><br>The UK annexed the islands in 1857 and administered them from Ceylon after 1878 and from Singapore after 1886. The Cocos (Keeling) Islands hosted a cable relaying station and was attacked by the Germans in World War I. The Japanese similarly attacked the islands in World War II. The UK transferred the islands to Australia in 1955, when they were officially named the Cocos (Keeling) Islands, and in 1978, Australia bought all the land held by the Clunies-Ross family, ending their control of the islands. In a referendum in 1984, most islanders voted to integrate with Australia, and Western Australian laws have applied on the islands since 1992.</p> <p> </p>"
"text": "<p>British sea captain William KEELING discovered the Cocos (Keeling) Islands in 1609, and they were named for their coconut trees in 1622. Some maps began referring to them as the Keeling Islands in 1703. In 1825, Scottish trader John CLUNIES-ROSS was trying to get to Christmas Island but was blown off course and landed on Cocos (Keeling) Islands. The next year, a British trader hired CLUNIES-ROSS's brother to bring slaves and a harem of Malay women to create the first permanent settlement on the island. By the 1830s, the Clunies-Ross family had firmly established themselves as the leaders of the islands, and they ruled Cocos (Keeling) Islands in a feudal style until 1978.<br><br>The UK annexed the islands in 1857 and administered them from Ceylon after 1878 and from Singapore after 1886. The Cocos (Keeling) Islands hosted a cable relaying station and was attacked by the Germans in World War I. The Japanese similarly attacked the islands in World War II. The UK transferred the islands to Australia in 1955, when they were officially named the Cocos (Keeling) Islands, and in 1978, Australia bought all the land held by the Clunies-Ross family, ending their control of the islands. In a referendum in 1984, most islanders voted to integrate with Australia, and Western Australian laws have applied on the islands since 1992.</p>"
}
},
"Geography": {
@ -370,11 +370,6 @@
"unpaved": {
"text": "12 km (2007)"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Port Refuge"
}
}
},
"Military and Security": {

24
australia-oceania/cq.json
View file

@ -776,9 +776,27 @@
"text": "536 km (2008)"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Saipan, Tinian, Rota"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "3 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "1"
},
"very small": {
"text": "2"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "1"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Rota, Saipan, Tinian"
}
}
},

3
australia-oceania/cr.json
View file

@ -142,9 +142,6 @@
}
},
"Transportation": {
"Ports and terminals": {
"text": "none; offshore anchorage only"
}
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military - note": {

24
australia-oceania/cw.json
View file

@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
{
"Introduction": {
"Background": {
"text": "Polynesians from Tahiti were probably the first people to settle Rarotonga -- the largest of the Cook Islands -- around A.D. 900. Over time, Samoans and Tongans also settled in Rarotonga, and Rarotongans voyaged to the northern Cook Islands, settling Manihiki and Rakahanga. Pukapuka and Penrhyn in the northern Cook Islands were settled directly from Samoa. Prior to European contact, there was considerable travel and trade between inhabitants of the different islands and atolls, but they were not united in a single political entity. Spanish navigators were the first Europeans to spot the northern Cook Islands in 1595, followed by the first landing in 1606, but no further European contact occurred until the 1760s. In 1773, British explorer James COOK spotted Manuae in the southern Cook Islands, and Russian mapmakers named the islands after COOK in the 1820s. English missionary activity during the 1820s and 1830s converted most of the population to Christianity.<br><br>Fearing France would militarily occupy the islands as it did in Tahiti, Rarotongans asked the UK for protectorate status in the 1840s and 1860s, a request the UK ignored. In 1888, Queen MAKEA TAKAU of Rarotonga formally petitioned for protectorate status, to which the UK reluctantly agreed. In 1901, the UK placed Rarotonga and the rest of the islands in the New Zealand Colony, and in 1915, the Cook Islands Act organized the islands into one political entity. It remained a protectorate until 1965, when New Zealand granted the Cook Islands self-governing status. The Cook Islands has a great deal of local autonomy and is an independent member of international organizations, but it is in free association with New Zealand, which is responsible for its defense and foreign affairs. In September 2023, the US recognized the Cook Islands as a sovereign and independent state."
"text": "Polynesians from Tahiti were probably the first people to settle Rarotonga -- the largest of the Cook Islands -- around A.D. 900. Over time, Samoans and Tongans also settled in Rarotonga, and Rarotongans voyaged to the northern Cook Islands, settling Manihiki and Rakahanga. Pukapuka and Penrhyn in the northern Cook Islands were settled directly from Samoa. Prior to European contact, there was considerable travel and trade between inhabitants of the different islands and atolls, but they were not united in a single political entity. Spanish navigators were the first Europeans to spot the northern Cook Islands in 1595, followed by the first landing in 1606, but no further European contact occurred until the 1760s. In 1773, British explorer James COOK spotted Manuae in the southern Cook Islands, and Russian mapmakers named the islands after COOK in the 1820s. <br><br>Fearing France would militarily occupy the islands as it did in Tahiti, Rarotongans asked the UK for protectorate status in the 1840s and 1860s, a request the UK ignored. In 1888, Queen MAKEA TAKAU of Rarotonga formally petitioned for protectorate status, to which the UK reluctantly agreed. In 1901, the UK placed Rarotonga and the rest of the islands in the New Zealand Colony, and in 1915, the Cook Islands Act organized the islands into one political entity. It remained a protectorate until 1965, when New Zealand granted the Cook Islands self-governing status. The Cook Islands has a great deal of local autonomy and is an independent member of international organizations, but it is in free association with New Zealand, which is responsible for its defense and foreign affairs. In September 2023, the US recognized the Cook Islands as a sovereign and independent state."
}
},
"Geography": {
@ -871,8 +871,26 @@
"text": "bulk carrier 19, general cargo 44, oil tanker 58, other 69"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "1 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "0"
},
"very small": {
"text": "1"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "1"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Avatiu"
}
}

24
australia-oceania/fj.json
View file

@ -1142,9 +1142,27 @@
"text": "general cargo 21, oil tanker 4, other 49"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Lautoka, Levuka, Suva"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "5 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "2"
},
"very small": {
"text": "3"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "4"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Lautoka Harbor, Levuka, Malai, Savusavu Bay, Suva Harbor"
}
}
},

24
australia-oceania/fm.json
View file

@ -969,9 +969,27 @@
"text": "general cargo 17, oil tanker 4, other 17"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Colonia (Tamil Harbor), Molsron Lele Harbor, Pohnepi Harbor"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "4 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "1"
},
"very small": {
"text": "3"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "3"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Colonia, Lele Harbor, Moen, Pohnpei Harbor"
}
}
},

24
australia-oceania/fp.json
View file

@ -945,9 +945,27 @@
"text": "general cargo 14"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Papeete"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "6 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "1"
},
"very small": {
"text": "5"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "1"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Atuona, Baie Taiohae, Papeete, Port Rikitea, Uturoa, Vaitape"
}
}
},

30
australia-oceania/gq.json
View file

@ -608,6 +608,14 @@
"Population below poverty line": {
"text": "23% (2001 est.)"
},
"Average household expenditures": {
"on food": {
"text": "34.6% of household expenditures (2021 est.)"
},
"on alcohol and tobacco": {
"text": "1.3% of household expenditures (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Budget": {
"revenues": {
"text": "$1.24 billion (2016 est.)"
@ -883,8 +891,26 @@
"text": "other 3"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "1 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "1"
},
"small": {
"text": "0"
},
"very small": {
"text": "0"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "1"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Apra Harbor"
}
}

24
australia-oceania/kr.json
View file

@ -1061,9 +1061,27 @@
"text": "bulk carrier 2, general cargo 24, oil tanker 11, other 37"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Betio (Tarawa Atoll), Canton Island, English Harbor"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "3 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "0"
},
"very small": {
"text": "3"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "0"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Canton Island, English Harbor, Tarawa Atoll"
}
}
},

24
australia-oceania/kt.json
View file

@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
{
"Introduction": {
"Background": {
"text": "<p>Although Europeans sighted Christmas Island as early as 1615, it was only named in 1643 by English Captain William MYNORS for the day of its rediscovery. Another English ship sailed past the island in 1688 and found it to be uninhabited. Steep cliffs and dense jungle hampered attempts to explore the island over the next two centuries. The discovery of phosphate on the island in 1887 led to the UK annexing it the following year. In 1898, the Christmas Island Phosphate Company brought in 200 Chinese indentured servants to work the mines, along with Malays, Sikhs, and a small number of Europeans. The UK administered Christmas Island from Singapore.<br><br>Japan invaded the island in 1942, but islanders sabotaged Japanese mining operations, making the mines relatively unproductive. After World War II, Australia and New Zealand bought the Christmas Island Phosphate Company, and in 1958, the UK transferred sovereignty from Singapore to Australia in exchange for $20 million to compensate for the loss of future phosphate income. In 1980, Australia set up the Christmas Island National Park and expanded its boundaries throughout the 1980s until it covered more than 60% of the island’s territory. The phosphate mine was closed in 1987 because of environmental concerns, and Australia has rejected several efforts to reopen it.<br><br>In the 1980s, boats of asylum seekers started landing on Christmas Island, and the migrants claimed refugee status because they were on Australian territory. In 2001, Australia declared Christmas Island to be outside the Australian migration zone and built an immigration detention center on the island. Completed in 2008, the controversial detention center was closed in 2018 but then reopened in 2019. In 2020, the center served as a coronavirus quarantine facility for Australian citizens evacuated from China.</p>"
"text": "<p>Although Europeans sighted Christmas Island in 1615, it was named for the day of its rediscovery in 1643. Steep cliffs and dense jungle hampered attempts to explore the island over the next two centuries. The discovery of phosphate on the island in 1887 led to the UK annexing it the following year. In 1898, 200 Chinese indentured servants were brought in to work the mines, along with Malays, Sikhs, and a small number of Europeans. The UK administered Christmas Island from Singapore.<br><br>Japan invaded the island in 1942, but islanders sabotaged Japanese mining operations, making the mines relatively unproductive. After World War II, Australia and New Zealand bought the company mining the phosphate, and in 1958, the UK transferred sovereignty from Singapore to Australia in exchange for $20 million to compensate for the loss of future phosphate income. In 1980, Australia set up the Christmas Island National Park and expanded its boundaries throughout the 1980s until it covered more than 60% of the island’s territory. The phosphate mine was closed in 1987 because of environmental concerns, and Australia has rejected several efforts to reopen it.<br><br>In the 1980s, boats of asylum seekers started landing on Christmas Island, and the migrants claimed refugee status because they were on Australian territory. In 2001, Australia declared Christmas Island to be outside the Australian migration zone and built an immigration detention center on the island. Completed in 2008, the controversial detention center was closed in 2018 but then reopened in 2019. In 2020, the center served as a coronavirus quarantine facility for Australian citizens evacuated from China.</p>"
}
},
"Geography": {
@ -374,8 +374,26 @@
"text": "110 km (2011)"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "1 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "1"
},
"small": {
"text": "0"
},
"very small": {
"text": "0"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "0"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Flying Fish Cove"
}
}

24
australia-oceania/nc.json
View file

@ -946,9 +946,27 @@
"text": "general cargo 5, oil tanker 1, other 17"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Noumea"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "3 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "1"
},
"very small": {
"text": "2"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "1"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Baie De Kouaoua, Baie Ugue, Noumea"
}
}
},

22
australia-oceania/ne.json
View file

@ -662,8 +662,26 @@
"text": "bulk carrier 5, container ship 2, general cargo 29, oil tanker 4, other 30"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "1 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "0"
},
"very small": {
"text": "1"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "0"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Alofi"
}
}

22
australia-oceania/nf.json
View file

@ -386,8 +386,26 @@
"text": "27 km (2008)"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "1 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "0"
},
"very small": {
"text": "1"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "1"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Kingston"
}
}

24
australia-oceania/nh.json
View file

@ -1088,9 +1088,27 @@
"text": "bulk carrier 11, container ship 3, general cargo 101, other 223"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Forari Bay, Luganville (Santo, Espiritu Santo), Port-Vila"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "3 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "1"
},
"very small": {
"text": "2"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "2"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Forari Bay, Luganville, Port Vila"
}
}
},

22
australia-oceania/nr.json
View file

@ -990,8 +990,26 @@
"text": "other 6"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "1 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "0"
},
"very small": {
"text": "1"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "1"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Nauru"
}
}

30
australia-oceania/nz.json
View file

@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
{
"Introduction": {
"Background": {
"text": "<p>Polynesians settled New Zealand between the late 1200s and the mid-1300s. They called the land Aotearoa, which legend holds is the name of the canoe that Kupe, the first Polynesian in New Zealand, used to sail to the country; the name Aotearoa is now in widespread use as the local Maori name for the country. By the 1500s, competition for land and resources led to intermittent fighting between different Maori tribes as large game became extinct. Dutch explorer Abel TASMAN was the first European to see the islands in 1642 but left after an encounter with local Maori. British Captain James COOK arrived in 1769, followed by whalers, sealers, and traders. The UK only nominally claimed New Zealand and included it as part of New South Wales in Australia. Concerns about increasing lawlessness led the UK to appoint its first British Resident in New Zealand in 1832, although he had few legal powers. In 1835, some Maori tribes from the North Island declared independence. Fearing an impending French settlement and takeover, the majority of Maori chiefs signed the Treaty of Waitangi with the British in 1840. Land tenure issues stemming from the treaty are still being actively negotiated in New Zealand.<br><br>The UK declared New Zealand a separate colony in 1841 and granted limited self-government in 1852. Different traditions of authority and land use led to a series of wars between Europeans and various Maori tribes from the 1840s to the 1870s. Along with disease, these conflicts halved the Maori population. In the 1890s, New Zealand initially expressed interest in joining independence talks with Australia but ultimately opted against it and changed its status to an independent dominion in 1907. New Zealand provided more than 100,000 troops during each World War, many of whom fought as part of the Australia and New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC). New Zealand reaffirmed its independence in 1947, signed the Australia, New Zealand, and US (ANZUS) Treaty in 1951, and then militarily supported the US in the Korean and Vietnam Wars. Beginning in 1984, New Zealand began to adopt nuclear-free policies, contributing to a dispute with the US over naval ship visits that led the US to suspend its defense obligations to New Zealand in 1986.<br><br>In recent years, New Zealand has explored reducing some of its ties to the UK. There in an active, minority movement to change New Zealand to a republic, and in 2015-16, a referendum on changing the New Zealand flag to remove the Union Jack failed, 57% to 43%.</p>"
"text": "<p>Polynesians settled New Zealand between the late 1200s and the mid-1300s. They called the land Aotearoa, which legend holds is the name of the canoe that Kupe, the first Polynesian in New Zealand, used to sail to the country; the name Aotearoa is now in widespread use as the local Maori name for the country. By the 1500s, competition for land and resources led to intermittent fighting between different Maori tribes as large game became extinct. Dutch explorer Abel TASMAN was the first European to see the islands in 1642 but left after an encounter with local Maori. British sea captain James COOK arrived in 1769, followed by whalers, sealers, and traders. The UK only nominally claimed New Zealand and included it as part of New South Wales in Australia. Concerns about increasing lawlessness led the UK to appoint its first British Resident in New Zealand in 1832, although he had few legal powers. In 1835, some Maori tribes from the North Island declared independence. Fearing an impending French settlement and takeover, the majority of Maori chiefs signed the Treaty of Waitangi with the British in 1840. Land tenure issues stemming from the treaty are still being actively negotiated in New Zealand.<br><br>The UK declared New Zealand a separate colony in 1841 and granted limited self-government in 1852. Different traditions of authority and land use led to a series of wars between Europeans and various Maori tribes from the 1840s to the 1870s. Along with disease, these conflicts halved the Maori population. In the 1890s, New Zealand initially expressed interest in joining independence talks with Australia but ultimately opted against it and changed its status to an independent dominion in 1907. New Zealand provided more than 100,000 troops during each World War, many of whom fought as part of the Australia and New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC). New Zealand reaffirmed its independence in 1947 and signed the Australia, New Zealand, and US (ANZUS) Treaty in 1951. Beginning in 1984, New Zealand began to adopt nuclear-free policies, contributing to a dispute with the US over naval ship visits that led the US to suspend its defense obligations to New Zealand in 1986.<br><br>In recent years, New Zealand has explored reducing some of its ties to the UK. There in an active, minority movement to change New Zealand to a republic, and in 2015-16, a referendum on changing the New Zealand flag to remove the Union Jack failed, 57% to 43%.</p>"
}
},
"Geography": {
@ -790,10 +790,10 @@
},
"Average household expenditures": {
"on food": {
"text": "13.4% of household expenditures (2018 est.)"
"text": "12.2% of household expenditures (2021 est.)"
},
"on alcohol and tobacco": {
"text": "4.8% of household expenditures (2018 est.)"
"text": "5.2% of household expenditures (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Remittances": {
@ -1166,9 +1166,27 @@
"text": "container ship 2, general cargo 12, oil tanker 3, other 100"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Auckland, Lyttelton, Manukau Harbor, Marsden Point, Tauranga, Wellington"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "22 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "2"
},
"medium": {
"text": "1"
},
"small": {
"text": "10"
},
"very small": {
"text": "9"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "14"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Auckland, Bluff Harbor, Gisborne, Manukau Harbor, Napier, Nelson, New Plymouth, Otago Harbor, Picton, Tauranga, Timaru, Wellington, Whangarei"
}
}
},

5
australia-oceania/pc.json
View file

@ -344,11 +344,6 @@
}
},
"Transportation": {
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Adamstown (on Bounty Bay)"
}
}
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military - note": {

24
australia-oceania/ps.json
View file

@ -908,9 +908,27 @@
"text": "bulk carrier 49, container ship 8, general cargo 200, oil tanker 52, other 118"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Koror"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "1 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "0"
},
"very small": {
"text": "1"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "1"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Malakal Harbor"
}
}
},

24
australia-oceania/rm.json
View file

@ -955,9 +955,27 @@
"text": "bulk carrier 1,939 container ship 277, general cargo 66, oil tanker 1039, other 859"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Enitwetak Island, Kwajalein, Majuro"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "3 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "0"
},
"very small": {
"text": "3"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "2"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Enitwetak Island, Kwajalein, Majuro Atoll"
}
}
},

3
australia-oceania/tl.json
View file

@ -499,9 +499,6 @@
"total": {
"text": "10 km (2019)"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"text": "none; offshore anchorage only"
}
},
"Military and Security": {

24
australia-oceania/tn.json
View file

@ -1098,9 +1098,27 @@
"text": "container ship 1, general cargo 13, oil tanker 1, other 14"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Nuku'alofa, Neiafu, Pangai"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "3 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "0"
},
"very small": {
"text": "3"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "0"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Neiafu, Nuku Alofa, Pangai"
}
}
},

24
australia-oceania/tv.json
View file

@ -941,9 +941,27 @@
"text": "bulk carrier 21, container ship 3, general cargo 29, oil tanker 19, other 198"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Funafuti"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "1 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "0"
},
"very small": {
"text": "1"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "1"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Funafuti Atoll"
}
}
},

5
australia-oceania/um.json
View file

@ -122,11 +122,6 @@
"Transportation": {
"Airports": {
"text": "2 (2024)"
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Baker, Howland, and Jarvis Islands, and Kingman Reef"
}
}
},
"Military and Security": {

24
australia-oceania/wf.json
View file

@ -618,9 +618,27 @@
"text": "general cargo 1"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Leava, Mata-Utu"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "1 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "0"
},
"very small": {
"text": "1"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "0"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Mata-Utu"
}
}
},

24
australia-oceania/wq.json
View file

@ -241,8 +241,28 @@
"Airports": {
"text": "1 (2024)"
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"text": "none; two offshore anchorages for large ships"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "1 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "0"
},
"very small": {
"text": "1"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "1"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Wake Island"
}
},
"Transportation - note": {
"text": "there are no commercial or civilian flights to and from Wake Island, except in direct support of island missions; emergency landing is available"

24
australia-oceania/ws.json
View file

@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
{
"Introduction": {
"Background": {
"text": "The first Austronesian settlers arrived in Samoa around 1000 B.C., and early Samoans traded and intermarried with Fijian and Tongan nobility. The <em>fa’amatai</em> system of titles and nobility developed, which dominates Samoan politics to this day; all but two seats in the legislature are reserved for <em>matai</em>, or heads of families. Dutch explorer Jacob ROGGEVEEN was the first European to spot the islands in 1722. Christian missionaries arrived in the 1830s and converted most of the population. In the 1850s, Apia became a center for Pacific trading and hosted an American commercial agent and British and German consuls. In 1892, American traders convinced the Samoan king to place his country to the east of the International Date Line to align with the US.<br><br>After the Samoan king died in 1841, rival families competed for his titles, devolving into civil war in 1886 with factions getting support from either Germany, the UK, or the US. All three countries sent warships to Apia in 1889, presaging a larger war, but a cyclone destroyed the ships and Malietoa LAUPEPA was installed as king. Upon LAUPEPA’s death in 1898, a second civil war over succession broke out. When the war ended in 1899, the Western powers abolished the monarchy, giving the western Samoan islands to Germany and the eastern Samoan islands to the US. The UK abandoned claims in Samoa and received former German territory in the Solomon Islands.<br><br>The Mau, a non-violent popular movement to advocate for Samoan independence, formed in 1908. New Zealand annexed Samoa in 1914 after the outbreak of World War I. Opposition to New Zealand’s rule quickly grew. In 1918, a New Zealand ship introduced the Spanish flu, infecting 90% of the population and killing more than 20%. In 1929, New Zealand police shot into a crowd of peaceful protestors, killing 11, in an event known as Black Sunday. In 1962, Samoa became the first Polynesian nation to reestablish its independence as Western Samoa but dropped the “Western” from its name in 1997. The Human Rights Protection Party dominated politics from 1982 until current Prime Minister FIAME Naomi Mata'afa's Fa'atuatua i le Atua Samoa ua Tasi (FAST) party gained a majority in elections in 2021.<br><br>In the late 2000s, Samoa began making efforts to align more closely with Australia and New Zealand. In 2009, Samoa changed its driving orientation to the left side of the road, in line with other Commonwealth countries. In 2011, Samoa jumped forward one day -- skipping December 30 -- by moving back to the west side of the International Date Line, putting the country one hour ahead of New Zealand and three hours ahead of the east coast of Australia, rather than 23 and 21 hours behind, respectively."
"text": "The first Austronesian settlers arrived in Samoa around 1000 B.C., and early Samoans traded and intermarried with Fijian and Tongan nobility. The fa’amatai system of titles and nobility developed, which dominates Samoan politics to this day; all but two seats in the legislature are reserved for matai, or heads of families. A Dutch explorer was the first European to spot the islands in 1722. Christian missionaries arrived in the 1830s and were followed by an influx of American and European settlers and influence. By the 1880s, Germany, the UK, and the US had trading posts and claimed parts of the kingdom. In 1886, an eight-year civil war broke out, with rival matai factions fighting over royal succession and the three foreign powers providing support to the factions. Germany, the UK, and the US all sent warships to Apia in 1889 and came close to conflict, but a cyclone damaged or destroyed the ships of all three navies.  <br><br>At the end of the civil war in 1894, Malietoa LAUPEPA was installed as king, but upon his death in 1898, a second civil war over succession broke out. When the war ended in 1899, the Western powers abolished the monarchy, giving the western Samoan islands to Germany and the eastern Samoan islands to the US. The UK abandoned claims in Samoa and received former German territory in the Solomon Islands. <br><br>New Zealand occupied Samoa during World War I but was accused of negligence and opposed by many Samoans, particularly an organized political movement called the Mau (“Strongly Held View”) that advocated for independence. During the 1918-1919 influenza pandemic, about 20% of the population died. In 1929, New Zealand police shot into a crowd of peaceful Mau protestors, killing 11, in an event known as Black Sunday. In 1962, Samoa became the first Polynesian nation to reestablish its independence as Western Samoa but dropped the “Western” from its name in 1997. The Human Rights Protection Party dominated politics from 1982 until Prime Minister FIAME Naomi Mata'afa's Fa'atuatua i le Atua Samoa ua Tasi (FAST) party gained a majority in elections in 2021."
}
},
"Geography": {
@ -1096,8 +1096,26 @@
"text": "general cargo 3, oil tanker 1, other 9"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "1 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "0"
},
"very small": {
"text": "1"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "1"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Apia"
}
}

30
central-america-n-caribbean/aa.json
View file

@ -955,24 +955,36 @@
"text": "other 1"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Barcadera, Oranjestad"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "2 (2024)"
},
"oil terminal(s)": {
"text": "Sint Nicolaas"
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"cruise port(s)": {
"text": "Oranjestad"
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "1"
},
"very small": {
"text": "1"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "1"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Paardenbaai (Oranjestad), Sint Nicolaas Baai"
}
}
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "no regular military forces; Aruban Militia (ARUMIL); Police Department for local law enforcement, supported by the Royal Netherlands Marechaussee (Gendarmerie), the Dutch Caribbean Police Force (Korps Politie Caribisch Nederland, KPCN), and the Dutch Caribbean Coast Guard (DCCG or Kustwacht Caribisch Gebied (KWCARIB))"
"text": "no regular military forces; Aruban Militia (ARUMIL); Police Department for local law enforcement, supported by the Royal Netherlands Marechaussee (Gendarmerie), the Dutch Caribbean Police Force (Korps Politie Caribisch Nederland, KPCN), and the Dutch Caribbean Coast Guard (DCCG or Kustwacht Caribisch Gebied (KWCARIB)) (2024)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "defense is the responsibility of the Kingdom of the Netherlands; the Aruba security services focus on organized crime and terrorism; the Dutch Government controls foreign and defense policy; the Dutch Caribbean Coast Guard (DCCG) provides maritime security; the Dutch military maintains a presence on Aruba, including a marine company and a naval base (2023)"
"text": "defense is the responsibility of the Kingdom of the Netherlands; the Aruba security services focus on organized crime and terrorism; the Dutch Government controls foreign and defense policy; the Dutch Caribbean Coast Guard (DCCG) provides maritime security; the Dutch military maintains a presence on Aruba, including a marine company and a naval base (2024)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

23
central-america-n-caribbean/ac.json
View file

@ -1020,11 +1020,26 @@
"text": "bulk carrier 24, container ship 109, general cargo 425, oil tanker 6, other 50"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Saint John's"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "1 (2024)"
},
"cruise port(s)": {
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "1"
},
"small": {
"text": "0"
},
"very small": {
"text": "0"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "1"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "St. John's"
}
}

5
central-america-n-caribbean/av.json
View file

@ -701,11 +701,6 @@
"by type": {
"text": "other 2"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Blowing Point, Road Bay"
}
}
},
"Military and Security": {

22
central-america-n-caribbean/bb.json
View file

@ -1082,8 +1082,26 @@
"text": "bulk carrier 90, general cargo 149, oil tanker 5, other 28"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "1 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "1"
},
"very small": {
"text": "0"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "1"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Bridgetown"
}
}

28
central-america-n-caribbean/bf.json
View file

@ -1048,15 +1048,27 @@
"text": "bulk carrier 345, container ship 39, general cargo 58, oil tanker 193, other 639"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Freeport, Nassau, South Riding Point"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "6 (2024)"
},
"cruise port(s)": {
"text": "Freeport, Half Moon Cay, Nassau"
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"container port(s) (TEUs)": {
"text": "Freeport (1,642,780) (2021)"
"medium": {
"text": "1"
},
"small": {
"text": "1"
},
"very small": {
"text": "4"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "4"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Clifton Pier, Cockburn Town, Freeport, Matthew Town, Nassau, South Riding Point"
}
}
},
@ -1092,7 +1104,7 @@
"text": "18-30 years of age for voluntary service for men and women (18-60 for Reserves); no conscription (2024)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "established in 1980; the RBDF's primary responsibilities are disaster relief, maritime security, and counter-narcotics operations; it also provides security at a detention center for migrants and performs some domestic security functions, such as guarding embassies; the RBDF is a naval force, but includes a lightly-armed marine infantry/commando squadron for base and internal security, as well as a few light non-combat aircraft; the maritime element has coastal patrol craft and patrol boats; the RBDF maintains training relationships with the UK and the US (2023)"
"text": "established in 1980; the RBDF's primary responsibilities are disaster relief, maritime security, and counter-narcotics operations; it also provides security at a detention center for migrants and performs some domestic security functions, such as guarding embassies; the RBDF is a naval force, but includes a lightly-armed marine infantry/commando squadron for base and internal security, as well as a few light non-combat aircraft; the maritime element has coastal patrol craft and patrol boats; the RBDF maintains training relationships with the UK and the US (2024)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

25
central-america-n-caribbean/bh.json
View file

@ -1141,8 +1141,29 @@
"text": "bulk carrier 49, general cargo 410, oil tanker 64, other 251"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "2 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "1"
},
"very small": {
"text": "0"
},
"size unknown": {
"text": "1"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "1"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Belize City, Big Creek"
}
}

3
central-america-n-caribbean/bq.json
View file

@ -123,9 +123,6 @@
"Economy": {
},
"Transportation": {
"Ports and terminals": {
"text": "none; offshore anchorage only"
}
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military - note": {

25
central-america-n-caribbean/cj.json
View file

@ -929,12 +929,27 @@
"text": "bulk carrier 29, container ship 3, general cargo 1, oil tanker 20, other 77"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Cayman Brac, George Town"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "2 (2024)"
},
"cruise port(s)": {
"text": "George Town, Grand Cayman"
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "0"
},
"very small": {
"text": "2"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "2"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Cayman Brac, Georgetown"
}
}
},

32
central-america-n-caribbean/cs.json
View file

@ -811,10 +811,10 @@
},
"Average household expenditures": {
"on food": {
"text": "25.7% of household expenditures (2018 est.)"
"text": "31.6% of household expenditures (2021 est.)"
},
"on alcohol and tobacco": {
"text": "1.2% of household expenditures (2018 est.)"
"text": "0.7% of household expenditures (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Household income or consumption by percentage share": {
@ -1189,14 +1189,28 @@
"text": "other 11"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean (Caribbean) - Puerto Limon"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "6 (2024)"
},
"container port(s) (TEUs)": {
"text": "Puerto Limon (1,319,372)"
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"note": "Pacific Ocean - Caldera"
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "1"
},
"very small": {
"text": "5"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "4"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Golfito, Puerto Caldera, Puerto Limon, Puerto Moin, Puerto Quepos, Puntarenas"
}
}
},
"Military and Security": {
@ -1236,7 +1250,7 @@
"text": "Costa Rican Space Agency (ACE; established 2021); ACE is a non-state, public entity subject to guidelines issued by the Ministry of Science, Technology, and Telecommunications (2023)"
},
"Space program overview": {
"text": "has a small, new program focused on promoting the use of space to develop the country’s economy and industry, including acquiring and utilizing satellites; has built a remote sensing (RS) cube satellite; has relations with the space agencies and commercial space industries of the US and members of the Latin American and Caribbean Space Agency (ALCE) (2023)",
"text": "has a small, recently established program focused on promoting the use of space to develop the country’s economy and industry, including acquiring and utilizing satellites; has built a remote sensing (RS) cube satellite; has relations with the space agencies and commercial space industries of the US, members of the European Space Agency, and members of the Latin American and Caribbean Space Agency (2024)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> further details about the key activities, programs, and milestones of the country’s space program, as well as government spending estimates on the space sector, appear in Appendix S"
}
},

27
central-america-n-caribbean/cu.json
View file

@ -1144,9 +1144,30 @@
"text": "general cargo 13, oil tanker 10, other 42"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Antilla, Cienfuegos, Guantanamo, Havana, Matanzas, Mariel, Nuevitas Bay, Santiago de Cuba"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "34 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "6"
},
"medium": {
"text": "3"
},
"small": {
"text": "10"
},
"very small": {
"text": "6"
},
"size unknown": {
"text": "9"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "14"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Antilla, Bahai De La Habana, Bahia De Sagua De Tanamo, Cabanas, Casilda, Cienfuegos, Nuevitas Bay, Puerto Guantanamo, Santiago De Cuba"
}
}
},

22
central-america-n-caribbean/do.json
View file

@ -977,8 +977,26 @@
"text": "general cargo 26, oil tanker 10, other 41"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "2 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "0"
},
"very small": {
"text": "2"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "1"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Portsmouth, Roseau"
}
}

35
central-america-n-caribbean/dr.json
View file

@ -825,10 +825,10 @@
},
"Average household expenditures": {
"on food": {
"text": "26.8% of household expenditures (2018 est.)"
"text": "26.8% of household expenditures (2021 est.)"
},
"on alcohol and tobacco": {
"text": "3.8% of household expenditures (2018 est.)"
"text": "3.8% of household expenditures (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Household income or consumption by percentage share": {
@ -1211,21 +1211,30 @@
"text": "container ship 1, general cargo 2, oil tanker 1, other 36"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Puerto Haina, Puerto Plata, Santo Domingo"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "17 (2024)"
},
"oil terminal(s)": {
"text": "Punta Nizao oil terminal"
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"cruise port(s)": {
"text": "La Romana"
"medium": {
"text": "2"
},
"container port(s) (TEUs)": {
"text": "Caucedo (1,265,459); Haina (495,243)"
"small": {
"text": "7"
},
"LNG terminal(s) (import)": {
"text": "Andres LNG terminal (Boca Chica)"
"very small": {
"text": "6"
},
"size unknown": {
"text": "2"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "7"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Andres (Andres Lng Terminal), Las Calderas, Puerto De Haina, Puerto Plata, Punta Nizao Oil Terminal, San Pedro De Macoris, Santa Barbara De Samana, Santa Cruz De Barahona, Santo Domingo"
}
}
},

38
central-america-n-caribbean/es.json
View file

@ -805,10 +805,10 @@
},
"Average household expenditures": {
"on food": {
"text": "26.5% of household expenditures (2018 est.)"
"text": "26.5% of household expenditures (2021 est.)"
},
"on alcohol and tobacco": {
"text": "0.5% of household expenditures (2018 est.)"
"text": "0.5% of household expenditures (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Household income or consumption by percentage share": {
@ -1178,12 +1178,27 @@
"text": "other 5"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Puerto Cutuco"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "3 (2024)"
},
"oil terminal(s)": {
"text": "Acajutla offshore terminal"
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "0"
},
"very small": {
"text": "3"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "3"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Acajutla, Acajutla Offshore Terminal, La Union"
}
}
},
@ -1223,15 +1238,6 @@
"text": "the Armed Force of El Salvador (FAES) is responsible for defending national sovereignty and ensuring territorial integrity but also has considerable domestic security responsibilities; while the National Civil Police (PNC) is responsible for maintaining public security, the country’s constitution allows the president to use the FAES “in exceptional circumstances” to maintain internal peace and public security; in 2016, the government created a special 1,000-strong joint unit of Army commandos and police to fight criminal gangs; more military personnel were devoted to internal security beginning in 2019 when President BUKELE signed a decree authorizing military involvement in police duties to combat rising gang violence, organized crime, and narcotics trafficking, as well as assisting with border security; since the decree, a considerable portion of the Army has been deployed in support of the PNC; in multiple cases since 2022, for example, as many as 8,000 troops have been deployed alongside thousands of police on single operations against criminal gang members <br><br>the FAES trains regularly, as well as with regional partners and the US, in such areas as internal security and disaster relief operations; it has deployed small numbers of personnel on UN peacekeeping missions and in support of military operations in Iraq (2003-2009); the FAES is deployed throughout the country in zones; the Army’s combat units are six infantry brigades, plus a special security brigade comprised of border guards and military police, and an artillery brigade; the Navy operates patrol boats and has a small force of naval commandos; the Air Force has a few dozen light ground attack fixed-wing aircraft and multirole helicopters<br><br>the military led the country for much of the 20th century; from 1980 to 1992, it fought a bloody civil war against guerrillas from the Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front or FMLN, the paramilitary arm of the Democratic Revolutionary Front (Frente Democrático Revolucionario), a coalition of left-wing dissident political groups backed by Cuba and the Soviet Union; the FAES received considerable US support during the conflict; significant human rights violations occurred during the war and approximately 75,000 Salvadorans, mostly civilians, were killed (2023)"
}
},
"Space": {
"Space agency/agencies": {
"text": "El Salvador Aerospace Institute (ESAI; established 2018) is an aerospace think tank that is authorized by the Salvadoran Government decree to lead the country&rsquo;s national aerospace strategy (2023)"
},
"Space program overview": {
"text": "small, nascent space effort; ESAI serves as a link and coordination body for the aerospace industry with a focus on research, development, and innovation, particularly in the fields of science, technology, and engineering; has sought training and cooperation on space programs from South Korea and Turkey (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> further details about the key activities, programs, and milestones of the country’s space program, as well as government spending estimates on the space sector, appear in Appendix S"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"IDPs": {

24
central-america-n-caribbean/gj.json
View file

@ -1035,9 +1035,27 @@
"text": "general cargo 3, other 3"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Saint George's"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "1 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "1"
},
"very small": {
"text": "0"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "1"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "St. George's"
}
}
},

24
central-america-n-caribbean/gt.json
View file

@ -1207,9 +1207,27 @@
"text": "oil tanker 1, other 8"
}
},
"Ports and terminals": {
"major seaport(s)": {
"text": "Puerto Quetzal, Santo Tomas de Castilla"
"Ports": {
"total ports": {
"text": "3 (2024)"
},
"large": {
"text": "0"
},
"medium": {
"text": "0"
},
"small": {
"text": "2"
},
"very small": {
"text": "1"
},
"ports with oil terminals": {
"text": "2"
},
"key ports": {
"text": "Puerto Barrios, Puerto Quetzal, Santo Tomas De Castilla"
}
}
},

Some files were not shown because too many files have changed in this diff Show more