trustgraph/docs/tech-specs/LOGGING_STRATEGY.md

TrustGraph Logging Strategy

Overview

TrustGraph uses Python's built-in logging module for all logging operations. This provides a standardized, flexible approach to logging across all components of the system.

Default Configuration

Logging Level

• Default Level: INFO
• Debug Mode: DEBUG (enabled via command-line argument)
• Production: WARNING or ERROR as appropriate

Output Destination

All logs should be written to standard output (stdout) to ensure compatibility with containerized environments and log aggregation systems.

Implementation Guidelines

1. Logger Initialization

Each module should create its own logger using the module's __name__:

import logging

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)

2. Centralized Configuration

The logging configuration should be centralized in async_processor.py (or a dedicated logging configuration module) since it's inherited by much of the codebase:

import logging
import argparse

def setup_logging(log_level='INFO'):
    """Configure logging for the entire application"""
    logging.basicConfig(
        level=getattr(logging, log_level.upper()),
        format='%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s',
        handlers=[logging.StreamHandler()]
    )

def parse_args():
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
    parser.add_argument(
        '--log-level',
        default='INFO',
        choices=['DEBUG', 'INFO', 'WARNING', 'ERROR', 'CRITICAL'],
        help='Set the logging level (default: INFO)'
    )
    return parser.parse_args()

# In main execution
if __name__ == '__main__':
    args = parse_args()
    setup_logging(args.log_level)

3. Logging Best Practices

Log Levels Usage

• DEBUG: Detailed information for diagnosing problems (variable values, function entry/exit)
• INFO: General informational messages (service started, configuration loaded, processing milestones)
• WARNING: Warning messages for potentially harmful situations (deprecated features, recoverable errors)
• ERROR: Error messages for serious problems (failed operations, exceptions)
• CRITICAL: Critical messages for system failures requiring immediate attention

Message Format

# Good - includes context
logger.info(f"Processing document: {doc_id}, size: {doc_size} bytes")
logger.error(f"Failed to connect to database: {error}", exc_info=True)

# Avoid - lacks context
logger.info("Processing document")
logger.error("Connection failed")

Performance Considerations

# Use lazy formatting for expensive operations
logger.debug("Expensive operation result: %s", expensive_function())

# Check log level for very expensive debug operations
if logger.isEnabledFor(logging.DEBUG):
    debug_data = compute_expensive_debug_info()
    logger.debug(f"Debug data: {debug_data}")

4. Structured Logging

For complex data, use structured logging:

logger.info("Request processed", extra={
    'request_id': request_id,
    'duration_ms': duration,
    'status_code': status_code,
    'user_id': user_id
})

5. Exception Logging

Always include stack traces for exceptions:

try:
    process_data()
except Exception as e:
    logger.error(f"Failed to process data: {e}", exc_info=True)
    raise

6. Async Logging Considerations

For async code, ensure thread-safe logging:

import asyncio
import logging

async def async_operation():
    logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
    logger.info(f"Starting async operation in task: {asyncio.current_task().get_name()}")

Environment Variables

Support environment-based configuration as a fallback:

import os

log_level = os.environ.get('TRUSTGRAPH_LOG_LEVEL', 'INFO')

Testing

During tests, consider using a different logging configuration:

# In test setup
logging.getLogger().setLevel(logging.WARNING)  # Reduce noise during tests

Monitoring Integration

Ensure log format is compatible with monitoring tools:

• Include timestamps in ISO format
• Use consistent field names
• Include correlation IDs where applicable
• Structure logs for easy parsing (JSON format for production)

Security Considerations

• Never log sensitive information (passwords, API keys, personal data)
• Sanitize user input before logging
• Use placeholders for sensitive fields: user_id=****1234

Migration Path

For existing code using print statements:

1. Replace print() with appropriate logger calls
2. Choose appropriate log levels based on message importance
3. Add context to make logs more useful
4. Test logging output at different levels