omnigraph/docs/user/clusters/index.md

Operating an OmniGraph Cluster

This is the operator's guide to the cluster control plane: how to go from an empty directory to a served deployment, and how to run it day to day — evolving schemas, rotating queries and policies, healing drift, approving destructive changes, and recovering from crashes.

It is a how-to. The reference for every cluster.yaml key, command flag, state-file field, and diagnostic code is cluster-config.md; the HTTP surface is server.md.

The model in one paragraph

You declare the entire deployment — graphs, schemas, stored queries, Cedar policies — as files in one directory (cluster.yaml plus the .pg/.gq/ .yaml files it references). cluster apply converges reality to that declaration and records what it did in a state ledger (__cluster/state.json); cluster plan previews exactly what apply would do, including real schema-migration steps. A server started with omnigraph-server --cluster <dir> serves what was applied — never what is merely written in config. Terraform users will recognize the shape: config is desired state, the ledger is recorded state, plan is the diff, apply is the only thing that changes the world, and irreversible changes require an explicitly recorded approval.

1. Deploy a cluster from zero

Lay out a config directory:

company-brain/
├── cluster.yaml
├── people.pg            # schema for the "knowledge" graph
├── queries/             # stored queries — the .gq files ARE the declaration
│   └── people.gq
└── base.policy.yaml     # a Cedar policy bundle

# cluster.yaml
version: 1
# storage: s3://omnigraph-local/clusters/company-brain   # optional: put the
#   ledger, catalog, and graph data on object storage (default: this folder)
metadata:
  name: company-brain
graphs:
  knowledge:
    schema: people.pg
    queries: queries/            # every `query <name>` in queries/*.gq registers
policies:
  base:
    file: base.policy.yaml
    applies_to: [knowledge]      # graph-bound; use [cluster] for server-level

Bring it to life:

omnigraph cluster validate --config company-brain   # parse + typecheck everything
omnigraph cluster import   --config company-brain   # create the state ledger
omnigraph cluster plan     --config company-brain   # preview: what would apply do?
omnigraph cluster apply    --config company-brain   # converge

That single apply creates the graph (at the derived root company-brain/graphs/knowledge.omni), applies its schema, and publishes the query and policy into the content-addressed catalog (__cluster/resources/…). The output lists every change with its disposition; converged: true means there is nothing left to do — re-running apply is always safe and idempotent.

Load data through the normal graph plane (the control plane manages definitions, not rows):

omnigraph load --data seed.jsonl company-brain/graphs/knowledge.omni

Serve it:

OMNIGRAPH_SERVER_BEARER_TOKENS_JSON='{"act-reader":"s3cret"}' \
  omnigraph-server --cluster company-brain --bind 0.0.0.0:8080

--cluster accepts either a config directory (the storage root resolves through cluster.yaml's storage: key) or a storage-root URI directly (--cluster s3://bucket/prefix) — config-free serving: a serving box needs only the URI and credentials, no checkout of the config repo. The ledger and catalog on the bucket are the deployment artifact.

--cluster is an exclusive boot source: it cannot be combined with a graph URI, --target, or --config, and omnigraph.yaml is never read in this mode. Routing is always multi-graph:

curl -H 'authorization: Bearer s3cret' \
  -X POST http://localhost:8080/graphs/knowledge/queries/find_person \
  -H 'content-type: application/json' -d '{"params":{"name":"Ada"}}'

Bearer tokens and the bind address are deliberately not cluster facts — they are per-replica, set by flag or environment (server.md for the token sources).

2. The day-2 loop: edit → plan → apply → restart

Every change follows the same loop, whatever its kind:

$EDITOR company-brain/people.pg          # or any .gq / policy / cluster.yaml edit
omnigraph cluster plan  --config company-brain
omnigraph cluster apply --config company-brain --as andrew
# restart cluster-booted servers to pick it up

--as <actor> attributes the run: it is recorded in recovery sidecars and audit entries and threaded into the engine's commit history. Set cli: { actor: <you> } in your per-operator omnigraph.yaml to make it the default when --as is omitted (the flag always wins; approve requires one of the two).

What each change kind does:

You edit	Plan shows	Apply does
a .gq file or queries: entry	Update query.<g>.<n>	publishes the new content-addressed blob, updates the ledger
a policy file	Update policy.<n>	same — new blob, ledger update
a policy's applies_to	Update policy.<n> [bindings]	records the new bindings (the file digest is unchanged; bindings are first-class changes)
a .pg schema	Update schema.<g> with the real migration steps embedded	runs the engine's schema apply on the live graph — soft drops only, sidecar-fenced
graphs: gains an entry	Create graph.<g> (+ schema, queries)	initializes the graph at its derived root; dependents apply in the same run
graphs: loses an entry	Delete graph.<g> — blocked, approval_required	nothing, until approved (see §4)

Two properties worth internalizing:

• One apply, ordered correctly. Creates run first, then schema migrations, then catalog writes, then (approved) deletes — so a schema change plus a query that uses the new field converge together in one run.
• Soft drops only. A removed schema property disappears from the current version while prior versions retain the data (reversible until cleanup). Data-loss migrations are not reachable from cluster apply.

Read the plan before applying when the change is non-trivial — for schema updates it embeds the engine's actual migration plan (add_property, drop_property [soft], unsupported: …), so you see data impact before anything runs.

3. Inspect: status, refresh, drift

omnigraph cluster status  --config company-brain --json   # ledger only, read-only
omnigraph cluster refresh --config company-brain          # re-observe live graphs

status never touches the graphs; refresh opens them read-only and records what it finds — manifest versions, live schema digests, catalog blob integrity. If someone changed a graph behind the control plane's back (a direct omnigraph schema apply, a tampered catalog file), refresh marks the resource drifted.

Drift is converged, not just reported. After a refresh records drift, the next plan proposes migrating the live graph back to the declared schema — with the steps visible, including the soft drops of out-of-band fields — and apply executes it like any other change. If the out-of-band change is the one you want, change the config to match instead, and apply converges the ledger.

4. Destructive changes: the approval gate

Removing a graph from cluster.yaml never executes silently:

omnigraph cluster apply --config company-brain
#   Delete graph.scratch [Blocked: approval_required]

omnigraph cluster approve graph.scratch --config company-brain --as andrew
#   cluster approve: delete graph.scratch approved by andrew (approval 01KT…)

omnigraph cluster apply --config company-brain --as andrew
#   Delete graph.scratch [Applied]   ← root removed, subtree tombstoned

The approval artifact (__cluster/approvals/<id>.json) is digest-bound: it authorizes exactly the change you saw when you approved it. Any config or state movement afterwards invalidates it automatically (approval_stale warning) — a stale approval can never authorize a different delete. One approval covers the graph's whole subtree (its schema and queries ride along). Consumed artifacts are kept (rewritten with consumed_at) and summarized in the ledger's approval_records, so the audit trail of who approved what survives the loss of either store.

5. When things go wrong

Crashes are designed for. Every graph-moving operation (create, schema apply, delete) writes a recovery sidecar before acting. If an apply dies mid-run, the next state-mutating command sweeps the sidecars and reconciles — rolling the ledger forward when the operation completed on the graph, retiring stale intent when nothing moved, and flagging anything it cannot verify. You generally fix a crashed run by running cluster apply again.

A held lock (a crashed process left __cluster/lock.json):

omnigraph cluster status --config company-brain      # shows the lock holder + id
omnigraph cluster force-unlock <LOCK_ID> --config company-brain

Force-unlock requires the exact lock id (from status) — there is no blind unlock.

A lost or corrupted state ledger: the cluster is self-describing. cluster import rebuilds state.json from the config plus read-only observation of the live graphs; the next apply re-converges onto the same content-addressed catalog.

A server that refuses to boot with --cluster is telling you the applied revision is not safely servable. Each refusal names its remedy:

Boot error	Meaning	Remedy
cluster_state_missing	no ledger	cluster import, then apply
cluster_recovery_pending	interrupted operation awaiting sweep	run cluster apply (or any state-mutating command), restart
catalog_payload_missing / …_digest_mismatch	catalog blob lost or tampered	cluster refresh, then apply, restart
policy_bindings_missing	ledger predates binding metadata	re-run cluster apply (backfills), restart
cluster_empty	applied revision has no graphs	apply a cluster with ≥1 graph
multiple bundles bind one scope	serving holds one policy bundle per graph + one server-level	split or merge bundles

A held state lock is deliberately not a boot error — the server reads the atomically-replaced ledger without locking, so serving never contends with an in-flight apply.

6. Deployment patterns

• Replicas: any number of --cluster servers can serve the same config directory; boot is read-only. Roll out a change by apply once, then restarting replicas (serving is static per process — there is no hot reload yet). Container/cloud recipes (AWS ECS+EFS, Railway volumes): deployment.md.
• The directory is the deployable unit: config, catalog, ledger, approvals, and graph data all live under it. Back it up as a whole; version the config files (not __cluster/ or graphs/) in git.
• CI-driven convergence: validate and plan --json are read-only and safe in pipelines; gate apply --as ci on plan review. Approvals are the human step by design — keep cluster approve out of automation.
• omnigraph.yaml still has a job: per-operator settings — your cli.actor default for --as, CLI defaults, credentials, and data-plane ergonomics (point graphs.<name>.uri at a derived root like company-brain/graphs/knowledge.omni to use --target <name> for loads). It just no longer describes the deployment — a server boots from one source or the other, never a merge of both.

7. Maintaining a cluster graph

Storage maintenance (optimize / repair / cleanup) is not a control-plane operation — it runs out-of-band, with direct storage access, against the graph's roots. Address a cluster graph by name instead of hand-typing its storage path:

omnigraph optimize --cluster ./company-brain --cluster-graph knowledge
omnigraph cleanup  --cluster ./company-brain --cluster-graph knowledge --keep 10 --confirm
# --cluster also takes the storage-root URI directly (config-free):
omnigraph optimize --cluster s3://bucket/clusters/company-brain --cluster-graph knowledge

The graph's storage URI is resolved from the served cluster state (the same truth a --cluster server boots from); a graph that hasn't been applied yet is not resolvable. Run these from a host with storage access — there are no server routes for them. Conversely, init refuses a cluster-managed path: graphs in a cluster are created by cluster apply, not by hand.

What the control plane does not do (yet)

• No hot reload — applied changes serve on the next restart.
• No data operations — rows move through omnigraph load / ingest / mutate against the graph roots, with branches and merges as usual.
• Stored-query exposure is all-or-nothing per cluster — every applied query is listed and invokable (subject to Cedar invoke_query); per-query exposure policy is a planned phase.
• Pipelines (ETL) are a separate project; the pipelines: key is reserved and rejected loudly.

For the full reference — every key, flag, status, disposition, and diagnostic — see cluster-config.md.