omnigraph/docs/user/branches-commits.md
Ragnor Comerford e62d9166fb
fix: optimize publishes compaction; recovery roll-back converges manifest (#141)
* test(optimize): cover manifest publish + HEAD-drift reconcile

Red against the pre-fix optimize, which ran compact_files without
publishing the compacted version to __manifest:

- maintenance: optimize must publish so the manifest table_version
  tracks the compacted Lance HEAD and a later schema apply succeeds;
  and must reconcile a pre-existing manifest-behind-HEAD drift (forged
  via raw Lance compaction) so strict writes commit again.
- end_to_end + composite_flow: post-optimize query / strict update /
  reopen in the full lifecycle (the canonical flow previously omitted
  post-optimize writes as a documented "known limitation").
- failpoints: a crash between compaction and the manifest publish rolls
  forward on next open.

* fix(optimize): publish compaction to manifest and reconcile HEAD drift

optimize ran Lance compact_files without publishing the new version to
__manifest, so the manifest table_version lagged the Lance HEAD: reads
stayed pinned to the pre-compaction version, and the next schema apply or
strict update/delete failed its HEAD-vs-manifest precondition with
"stale view ... refresh and retry" (open-time recovery rollback inflated
the gap on retry).

optimize now publishes each compacted table's version under the
per-(table, main) write queue, guarded by a manifest CAS and a
SidecarKind::Optimize recovery sidecar (loose-match; roll-forward is safe
because compaction is content-preserving). When a table has nothing left
to compact but its Lance HEAD is already ahead of the manifest pin
(pre-fix drift, or a recovery restore commit), optimize reconciles the
manifest forward to HEAD (metadata-only, no sidecar). Caches and the
CSR/CSC graph index are invalidated after a publish.

Docs updated (maintenance, storage, branches-commits, writes, testing).

* test(recovery): rollback convergence + optimize-defer regressions

Red against the current code, landed before the fix:
- recovery: after the open-time sweep rolls a sidecar back, the manifest
  must track Lance HEAD (no residual drift) so a follow-up schema apply
  succeeds — the original "+1 per retry" loop. Today roll-back restores
  without publishing, so the manifest lags HEAD and the apply fails its
  HEAD-vs-manifest precondition.
- maintenance: optimize must refuse while a recovery sidecar is pending —
  operating on an unrecovered graph could publish a partial write the
  sweep would roll back.

Also removes optimize_reconciles_preexisting_manifest_head_drift: the
ad-hoc drift reconcile it covered is replaced by recovery-side convergence.

* fix(recovery): converge manifest on roll-back; optimize defers on pending recovery

Root of PR #141's review findings and the original "+1 per retry" loop:
a Lance HEAD ahead of the manifest was ambiguous (benign content-preserving
drift vs. a partial write a sidecar will roll back), and optimize's reconcile
guessed it benign. Close the class instead of guessing:

- Recovery roll-back now PUBLISHES the restored version (via a
  push_table_update_at_head helper shared with roll-forward), so the manifest
  tracks the Lance HEAD after recovery — symmetric with roll-forward. This
  fixes the +1 loop (after one roll-back the retry's HEAD-vs-manifest
  precondition passes) and removes the only remaining source of orphaned
  drift. The audit still records the logical rolled-back-to version; the
  manifest is published at the restore commit (identical content).
- optimize drops the ad-hoc drift reconcile and instead REFUSES when a
  __recovery sidecar is pending, so it only ever operates on a recovered
  graph (manifest == HEAD); its compaction publish can no longer commit a
  partial write. With the reconcile gone, the blob-skip-vs-reconcile gap is
  moot.

Updates the rollback recovery-test helper (manifest == HEAD after roll-back),
the failpoints assertions, and the user/dev docs.

* test(recovery): fix rollback assertion for manifest convergence

The roll-back-publishes change makes the manifest version advance after a
SchemaApply roll-back (to the old-schema content), so the
schema_apply_without_schema_staging_rolls_back_on_next_open assertion must
be `version > pre`, not `version == pre`. This update was dropped during
the commit churn and surfaced as a CI Test Workspace failure; the
old-schema-preserved intent stays covered by count_rows + _schema.pg + the
RolledBack convergence invariant.
2026-06-08 02:50:12 +03:00

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5.7 KiB
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# Branches, Commits, Snapshots
## L1 — Lance per-dataset branches
Lance supports branching at the dataset level: a branch is a named lineage of versions, and `fork_branch_from_state(source_branch, target_branch, source_version)` creates a copy-on-write fork.
## L2 — Graph-level branches
OmniGraph builds *graph branches* on top by branching every sub-table coherently:
- `branch_create(name)` / `branch_create_from(target, name)` — disallowed name `main`; fails if branch exists; ensures the schema-apply lock is idle. Atomic and authority-first like `branch_delete`: it flips the `__manifest` branch (authority), then creates the derived commit-graph branch, force-dropping any orphaned commit-graph ref left by an incomplete prior delete (the manifest branch is fresh, so a same-named commit-graph branch is provably a zombie). If commit-graph creation fails, the manifest branch is rolled back so the name never half-exists.
- `branch_list()` — returns public branches, **filters the internal** `__schema_apply_lock__` branch.
- `branch_delete(name)` — refuses if there are descendants on the branch, or if it is the current branch. The manifest is the single authority for branch existence: deletion flips the `__manifest` branch ref first (one atomic op), after which the branch is gone from every snapshot. The owned per-table forks and the commit-graph branch are derived state, reclaimed best-effort with `force_delete_branch` after the flip. A failure during that reclaim (transient object-store error) does not fail the call or block the authority flip; the leftover forks are unreachable orphans that the [`cleanup`](maintenance.md) reconciler converges. One consequence: if a delete's best-effort reclaim fails, reusing that branch name before the next `cleanup` surfaces a clear error pointing at `cleanup` (the stale fork would otherwise collide on first write).
- **Lazy forking**: a branch only forks a sub-table when that sub-table is first mutated on it. Pure-read branches share fragments with their source. A fork collision is classified by the manifest authority, not by Lance branch versions: if the live manifest already records the fork on the active branch, a concurrent first-write won and the caller gets a retryable "refresh and retry"; if the manifest does not, a physical branch there is an orphan and the caller is pointed at `cleanup`.
- `sync_branch(branch)` — re-binds the in-memory handle to the latest head of the branch.
## L2 — Commit graph (`db/commit_graph.rs`)
In-memory shape of a graph commit:
```
GraphCommit {
graph_commit_id: ULID,
manifest_branch: Option<String>,
manifest_version: u64,
parent_commit_id: Option<String>,
merged_parent_commit_id: Option<String>, // populated for merge commits
actor_id: Option<String>, // joined in-memory from _graph_commit_actors.lance, NOT a column on _graph_commits.lance
created_at: i64 (microseconds since epoch),
}
```
Storage is split across two Lance datasets (both with stable row IDs):
- `_graph_commits.lance` — every column above *except* `actor_id`.
- `_graph_commit_actors.lance` — optional separate `(graph_commit_id, actor_id)` map, created on demand. The `actor_id` field above is populated by joining this dataset in-memory at load time.
Notes:
- Every successful publish (load / change / merge / schema_apply) appends one commit.
- Merge commits have two parents; linear commits have one.
- API: `list_commits(branch)`, `get_commit(id)`, `head_commit_id_for_branch(branch)`.
## L2 — Snapshots & time travel
- `snapshot()` — current snapshot for the bound branch; cached.
- `snapshot_of(target)` — snapshot at a `ReadTarget` (branch | snapshot id).
- `snapshot_at_version(v: u64)` — historical snapshot from any manifest version.
- `entity_at(table_key, id, version)` — single-entity time travel without building a full snapshot.
- A `Snapshot` is a `(version, HashMap<table_key, SubTableEntry>)` — cheap to build, snapshot-isolated cross-table reads.
## L2 — Internal system branches
Internal or legacy branch refs:
- `__schema_apply_lock__` — serializes schema migrations; filtered from `branch_list()` but visible to internals.
- `__run__<run-id>` — legacy from the pre-v0.4.0 Run state machine (removed in MR-771). These are swept off `__manifest` on the first read-write open by the v2→v3 internal-schema migration (MR-770), and `__run__*` is no longer a reserved name. Known limitation: a pre-v0.4.0 graph opened **read-only** still surfaces any stale `__run__*` branch in `branch_list()` until its first read-write open (the migration is write-path-only, like all manifest migrations).
## L2 — Recovery audit trail
The five migrated writers (`MutationStaging::finalize`, `schema_apply`, `branch_merge`, `ensure_indices`, `optimize_all_tables`) protect their multi-table commits with a sidecar at `__recovery/{ulid}.json` written before Phase B and deleted after Phase C. The next `Omnigraph::open` (gated on `OpenMode::ReadWrite`) runs the recovery sweep in `crates/omnigraph/src/db/manifest/recovery.rs`: classify per-table state, decide all-or-nothing per sidecar, roll forward / back, record an audit row.
Audit rows live in `_graph_commit_recoveries.lance` (sibling to `_graph_commits.lance`) and reference the commit graph by `graph_commit_id`. The linked recovery commit is identified by that same `graph_commit_id`, and `actor_id="omnigraph:recovery"` is stored in `_graph_commit_actors.lance` (joined by `graph_commit_id`) — `_graph_commits.lance` itself does not carry the `actor_id` column. To find recoveries for a specific original actor: `omnigraph commit list --filter actor=omnigraph:recovery`, then join to `_graph_commit_recoveries.lance` by `graph_commit_id` to read `recovery_for_actor`. Schema: see `crates/omnigraph/src/db/recovery_audit.rs`.