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52
middle-east/ae.json
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@ -362,20 +362,6 @@
"text": "56.55 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Total water withdrawal": {
"municipal": {
"text": "617 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"industrial": {
"text": "69 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"agricultural": {
"text": "3.312 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Total renewable water resources": {
"text": "150 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"Climate": {
"text": "desert; cooler in eastern mountains"
},
@ -399,6 +385,14 @@
"text": "91.6% (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "87.3% of total population (2021)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "1.5% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
}
},
"Revenue from forest resources": {
"forest revenues": {
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
@ -409,14 +403,6 @@
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "87.3% of total population (2021)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "1.5% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
}
},
"Major infectious diseases": {
"text": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout UAE; as of 6 October 2021, UAE has reported a total of 737,073 cases of COVID-19 or 7,452.41 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with 21.27 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 6 October 2021, 93.95% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
},
@ -430,6 +416,20 @@
"percent of municipal solid waste recycled": {
"text": "20% (2015 est.)"
}
},
"Total water withdrawal": {
"municipal": {
"text": "617 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"industrial": {
"text": "69 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"agricultural": {
"text": "3.312 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Total renewable water resources": {
"text": "150 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Government": {
@ -624,10 +624,10 @@
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity)": {
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2019": {
"text": "$655.789 billion (2019 est.)"
"text": "$655.79 billion note: data are in 2017 dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2018": {
"text": "$644.968 billion (2018 est.)"
"text": "$644.97 billion note: data are in 2017 dollars (2018 est.)"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2017": {
"text": "$637.384 billion (2017 est.)"
@ -647,10 +647,10 @@
},
"Real GDP per capita": {
"Real GDP per capita 2019": {
"text": "$67,119 (2019 est.)"
"text": "$67,100 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Real GDP per capita 2018": {
"text": "$66,968 (2018 est.)"
"text": "$67,000 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2018 est.)"
},
"Real GDP per capita 2017": {
"text": "$67,184 (2017 est.)"

92
middle-east/aj.json
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@ -378,20 +378,6 @@
"text": "44.87 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Total water withdrawal": {
"municipal": {
"text": "449.6 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"industrial": {
"text": "3.062 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"agricultural": {
"text": "9.27 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Total renewable water resources": {
"text": "34.675 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"Climate": {
"text": "dry, semiarid steppe"
},
@ -415,6 +401,15 @@
"text": "31.1% (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "56.8% of total population (2021)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "1.38% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data include Nagorno-Karabakh"
},
"Revenue from forest resources": {
"forest revenues": {
"text": "0.02% of GDP (2018 est.)"
@ -425,19 +420,24 @@
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "56.8% of total population (2021)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "1.38% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data include Nagorno-Karabakh"
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "2,930,349 tons (2015 est.)"
}
},
"Total water withdrawal": {
"municipal": {
"text": "449.6 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"industrial": {
"text": "3.062 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"agricultural": {
"text": "9.27 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Total renewable water resources": {
"text": "34.675 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Government": {
@ -629,14 +629,14 @@
"text": "<p>Prior to the decline in global oil prices since 2014, Azerbaijan's high economic growth was attributable to rising energy exports and to some non-export sectors. Oil exports through the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan Pipeline, the Baku-Novorossiysk, and the Baku-Supsa Pipelines remain the main economic driver, but efforts to boost Azerbaijan's gas production are underway. The expected completion of the geopolitically important Southern Gas Corridor (SGC) between Azerbaijan and Europe will open up another source of revenue from gas exports. First gas to Turkey through the SGC is expected in 2018 with project completion expected by 2020-21.</p><p></p><p>Declining oil prices caused a 3.1% contraction in GDP in 2016, and a 0.8% decline in 2017, highlighted by a sharp reduction in the construction sector. The economic decline was accompanied by higher inflation, a weakened banking sector, and two sharp currency devaluations in 2015. Azerbaijan’s financial sector continued to struggle. In May 2017, Baku allowed the majority state-owed International Bank of Azerbaijan (IBA), the nation’s largest bank, to default on some of its outstanding debt and file for restructuring in Azerbaijani courts; IBA also filed in US and UK bankruptcy courts to have its restructuring recognized in their respective jurisdictions.</p><p></p><p>Azerbaijan has made limited progress with market-based economic reforms. Pervasive public and private sector corruption and structural economic inefficiencies remain a drag on long-term growth, particularly in non-energy sectors. The government has, however, made efforts to combat corruption, particularly in customs and government services. Several other obstacles impede Azerbaijan's economic progress, including the need for more foreign investment in the non-energy sector and the continuing conflict with Armenia over the Nagorno-Karabakh region. While trade with Russia and the other former Soviet republics remains important, Azerbaijan has expanded trade with Turkey and Europe and is seeking new markets for non-oil/gas exports - mainly in the agricultural sector - with Gulf Cooperation Council member countries, the US, and others. It is also improving Baku airport and the Caspian Sea port of Alat for use as a regional transportation and logistics hub.</p><p></p><p>Long-term prospects depend on world oil prices, Azerbaijan's ability to develop export routes for its growing gas production, and its ability to improve the business environment and diversify the economy. In late 2016, the president approved a strategic roadmap for economic reforms that identified key non-energy segments of the economy for development, such as agriculture, logistics, information technology, and tourism. In October 2017, the long-awaited Baku-Tbilisi-Kars railway, stretching from the Azerbaijani capital to Kars in north-eastern Turkey, began limited service.</p>"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity)": {
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2020": {
"text": "$138.51 billion note: data are in 2017 dollars (2020 est.)"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2019": {
"text": "$144.374 billion (2019 est.)"
"text": "$144.74 billion note: data are in 2017 dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2018": {
"text": "$141.24 billion (2018 est.)"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2017": {
"text": "$139.152 billion (2017 est.)"
"text": "$141.24 billion note: data are in 2017 dollars (2018 est.)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data are in 2010 dollars"
},
@ -652,14 +652,14 @@
}
},
"Real GDP per capita": {
"Real GDP per capita 2020": {
"text": "$13,700 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2020 est.)"
},
"Real GDP per capita 2019": {
"text": "$14,404 (2019 est.)"
"text": "$14,400 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Real GDP per capita 2018": {
"text": "$14,210 (2018 est.)"
},
"Real GDP per capita 2017": {
"text": "$14,121 (2017 est.)"
"text": "$14,200 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2018 est.)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data are in 2010 dollars"
},
@ -803,11 +803,14 @@
}
},
"Exports": {
"Exports 2017": {
"text": "$15.15 billion (2017 est.)"
"Exports 2020": {
"text": "$15.21 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2020 est.)"
},
"Exports 2016": {
"text": "$13.21 billion (2016 est.)"
"Exports 2019": {
"text": "$23.63 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Exports 2018": {
"text": "$25.48 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Exports - partners": {
@ -817,11 +820,14 @@
"text": "crude petroleum, natural gas, refined petroleum, tomatoes, gold (2019)"
},
"Imports": {
"Imports 2017": {
"text": "$9.037 billion (2017 est.)"
"Imports 2020": {
"text": "$15.54 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2020 est.)"
},
"Imports 2016": {
"text": "$9.004 billion (2016 est.)"
"Imports 2019": {
"text": "$17.71 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Imports 2018": {
"text": "$17.71 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Imports - partners": {
@ -959,7 +965,7 @@
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "a landlocked country with historically poor infrastructure; state control of telecom systems; progress with Digital Hub project despite economic contraction in 2020; government launched e-school and e-service programs; risk of delays in infrastructure and launch of new technologies, including 5G due to slow market demand; LTE supports most data traffic while mobile broadband subscribership grows rapidly; fixed-line broadband market has slight upward trend; Internet access is expensive and suffers from outages and intentional government disruption; importer of broadcasting equipment from Russia (2021) (2020)"
"text": "a landlocked country with historically poor infrastructure; state control of telecom systems; progress with Digital Hub project despite economic contraction in 2020; government launched e-school and e-service programs; risk of delays in infrastructure and launch of new technologies, including 5G due to slow market demand; LTE supports most data traffic while mobile broadband subscribership grows rapidly; fixed-line broadband market has slight upward trend; Internet access is expensive and suffers from outages and intentional government disruption; importer of broadcasting equipment from Russia (2021)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "teledensity of some 17 fixed-lines per 100 persons; mobile-cellular teledensity has increased to 107 telephones per 100 persons; satellite service connects Baku to a modern switch in its exclave of Naxcivan (Nakhchivan) (2019)"
@ -1110,7 +1116,7 @@
"text": "18-35 years of age for compulsory military service; service obligation 18 months or 12 months for university graduates; 17 years of age for voluntary service; 17 year olds are considered to be on active service at cadet military schools (2020)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "since November 2020, Russia has deployed about 2,000 peacekeeping troops to the area in and around Nagorno-Karabakh as part of a cease-fire agreement between Armenia and Azerbaijan; fighting erupted between the two countries over the Nagorno-Karabakh region in September of 2020; Nagorno-Karabakh lies within Azerbaijan but has been under control of ethnic Armenian forces (the \"Nagorno-Karabakh Defense Army\") backed by Armenia since a separatist war there ended in 1994; six weeks of fighting resulted in about 6,000 deaths and ended after Armenia ceded swathes of Nagorno-Karabakh territory; tensions remain high, and Armenia has accused Azerbaijani forces of a series of border intrusions and of seizing pockets of territory including along a lake shared by the two countries since the fighting ended"
"text": "since November 2020, Russia has deployed about 2,000 peacekeeping troops to the area in and around Nagorno-Karabakh as part of a cease-fire agreement between Armenia and Azerbaijan; fighting erupted between the two countries over the Nagorno-Karabakh region in September of 2020; Nagorno-Karabakh lies within Azerbaijan but has been under control of ethnic Armenian forces (the \"Nagorno-Karabakh Defense Army\") backed by Armenia since a separatist war there ended in 1994; six weeks of fighting resulted in about 6,000 deaths and ended after Armenia ceded swathes of Nagorno-Karabakh territory; tensions remained high through 2021, and Armenia has accused Azerbaijani forces of a series of border intrusions and of seizing pockets of territory including along a lake shared by the two countries since the fighting ended"
}
},
"Terrorism": {

90
middle-east/am.json
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@ -373,20 +373,6 @@
"text": "2.91 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Total water withdrawal": {
"municipal": {
"text": "616.4 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"industrial": {
"text": "122.4 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"agricultural": {
"text": "2.127 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Total renewable water resources": {
"text": "7.769 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"Climate": {
"text": "highland continental, hot summers, cold winters"
},
@ -410,6 +396,14 @@
"text": "31.2% (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "63.4% of total population (2021)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "0.23% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
}
},
"Revenue from forest resources": {
"forest revenues": {
"text": "0.28% of GDP (2018 est.)"
@ -420,18 +414,24 @@
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "63.4% of total population (2021)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "0.23% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "492,800 tons (2014 est.)"
}
},
"Total water withdrawal": {
"municipal": {
"text": "616.4 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"industrial": {
"text": "122.4 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"agricultural": {
"text": "2.127 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Total renewable water resources": {
"text": "7.769 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Government": {
@ -619,14 +619,14 @@
"text": "<p>Under the old Soviet central planning system, Armenia developed a modern industrial sector, supplying machine tools, textiles, and other manufactured goods to sister republics, in exchange for raw materials and energy. Armenia has since switched to small-scale agriculture and away from the large agro industrial complexes of the Soviet era. Armenia has only two open trade borders - Iran and Georgia - because its borders with Azerbaijan and Turkey have been closed since 1991 and 1993, respectively, as a result of Armenia's ongoing conflict with Azerbaijan over the separatist Nagorno-Karabakh region.</p><p></p><p>Armenia joined the World Trade Organization in January 2003. The government has made some improvements in tax and customs administration in recent years, but anti-corruption measures have been largely ineffective. Armenia will need to pursue additional economic reforms and strengthen the rule of law in order to raise its economic growth and improve economic competitiveness and employment opportunities, especially given its economic isolation from Turkey and Azerbaijan.</p><p></p><p>Armenia's geographic isolation, a narrow export base, and pervasive monopolies in important business sectors have made it particularly vulnerable to volatility in the global commodity markets and the economic challenges in Russia. Armenia is particularly dependent on Russian commercial and governmental support, as most key Armenian infrastructure is Russian-owned and/or managed, especially in the energy sector. Remittances from expatriates working in Russia are equivalent to about 12-14% of GDP. Armenia joined the Russia-led Eurasian Economic Union in January 2015, but has remained interested in pursuing closer ties with the EU as well, signing a Comprehensive and Enhanced Partnership Agreement with the EU in November 2017. Armenia’s rising government debt is leading Yerevan to tighten its fiscal policies – the amount is approaching the debt to GDP ratio threshold set by national legislation.</p>"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity)": {
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2020": {
"text": "$37.31 billion note: data are in 2017 dollars (2020 est.)"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2019": {
"text": "$40.384 billion (2019 est.)"
"text": "$40.38 billion note: data are in 2017 dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2018": {
"text": "$37.531 billion (2018 est.)"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2017": {
"text": "$35.676 billion (2017 est.)"
"text": "$37.53 billion note: data are in 2017 dollars (2018 est.)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data are in 2017 dollars"
},
@ -642,14 +642,14 @@
}
},
"Real GDP per capita": {
"Real GDP per capita 2020": {
"text": "$12,600 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2020 est.)"
},
"Real GDP per capita 2019": {
"text": "$13,654 (2019 est.)"
"text": "$13,700 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Real GDP per capita 2018": {
"text": "$12,715 (2018 est.)"
},
"Real GDP per capita 2017": {
"text": "$12,115 (2017 est.)"
"text": "$12,700 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2018 est.)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data are in 2017 dollars"
},
@ -790,11 +790,14 @@
}
},
"Exports": {
"Exports 2017": {
"text": "$2.361 billion (2017 est.)"
"Exports 2020": {
"text": "$3.82 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2020 est.)"
},
"Exports 2016": {
"text": "$1.891 billion (2016 est.)"
"Exports 2019": {
"text": "$5.64 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Exports 2018": {
"text": "$4.91 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Exports - partners": {
@ -804,11 +807,14 @@
"text": "copper ore, gold, tobacco, liquors, iron alloys (2019)"
},
"Imports": {
"Imports 2017": {
"text": "$3.771 billion (2017 est.)"
"Imports 2020": {
"text": "$5 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2020 est.)"
},
"Imports 2016": {
"text": "$2.835 billion (2016 est.)"
"Imports 2019": {
"text": "$7.47 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Imports 2018": {
"text": "$6.61 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Imports - partners": {
@ -946,7 +952,7 @@
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "<p>telecom market struggles to provide an effective national telecom service; country remains dependent on the economic health of  Russian and EU economies; fixed-line penetration falling, driven by growth in mobile and fixed-line broadband; growth of 4G networks and falling prices due to growing competition; fixed broadband is growing but remains low by international comparisons; flat mobile market; strong growth predicted for mobile broadband market; government participating in a project to ensure eventual nationwide 5G network; government approved plans for a new data center built via public-private partnership; communication technologies sectors have attracted foreign investment; top importer of broadcast equipment from China (2021)</p> (2020)"
"text": "<p>telecom market struggles to provide an effective national telecom service; country remains dependent on the economic health of  Russian and EU economies; fixed-line penetration falling, driven by growth in mobile and fixed-line broadband; growth of 4G networks and falling prices due to growing competition; fixed broadband is growing but remains low by international comparisons; flat mobile market; strong growth predicted for mobile broadband market; government participating in a project to ensure eventual nationwide 5G network; government approved plans for a new data center built via public-private partnership; communication technologies sectors have attracted foreign investment; top importer of broadcast equipment from China </p> (2021)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "15 per 100 fixed-line, 122 per 100 mobile-cellular; reliable fixed-line and mobile-cellular services are available across Yerevan and in major cities and towns; mobile-cellular coverage available in most rural areas (2019)"
@ -1085,7 +1091,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "14,730 (Syria - ethnic Armenians) (2019)"
"text": "91,766 (Armenia), 14,741 (Syria - ethnic Armenians) (2020)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "1,000 (2020)"

76
middle-east/ba.json
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@ -87,6 +87,9 @@
"Irrigated land": {
"text": "40 sq km (2012)"
},
"Major aquifers": {
"text": "Arabian Aquifer System"
},
"Population distribution": {
"text": "smallest population of the Gulf States, but urbanization rate exceeds 90%; largest settlement concentration is found on the far northern end of the island in and around Manamah and Al Muharraq"
},
@ -95,9 +98,6 @@
},
"Geography - note": {
"text": "close to primary Middle Eastern petroleum sources; strategic location in Persian Gulf, through which much of the Western world's petroleum must transit to reach open ocean"
},
"Major aquifers": {
"text": "Arabian Aquifer System"
}
},
"People and Society": {
@ -352,20 +352,6 @@
"text": "15.47 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Total water withdrawal": {
"municipal": {
"text": "275.6 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"industrial": {
"text": "14.1 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"agricultural": {
"text": "144.7 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Total renewable water resources": {
"text": "116 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"Climate": {
"text": "arid; mild, pleasant winters; very hot, humid summers"
},
@ -389,6 +375,14 @@
"text": "88% (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "89.6% of total population (2021)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "1.99% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
}
},
"Revenue from forest resources": {
"forest revenues": {
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
@ -399,14 +393,6 @@
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "89.6% of total population (2021)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "1.99% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "951,943 tons (2016 est.)"
@ -420,6 +406,20 @@
},
"Major aquifers": {
"text": "Arabian Aquifer System"
},
"Total water withdrawal": {
"municipal": {
"text": "275.6 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"industrial": {
"text": "14.1 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"agricultural": {
"text": "144.7 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Total renewable water resources": {
"text": "116 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Government": {
@ -606,14 +606,14 @@
"text": "<p>Oil and natural gas play a dominant role in Bahrain’s economy. Despite the Government’s past efforts to diversify the economy, oil still comprises 85% of Bahraini budget revenues. In the last few years lower world energy prices have generated sizable budget deficits - about 10% of GDP in 2017 alone. Bahrain has few options for covering these deficits, with low foreign assets and fewer oil resources compared to its GCC neighbors. The three major US credit agencies downgraded Bahrain’s sovereign debt rating to \"junk\" status in 2016, citing persistently low oil prices and the government’s high debt levels. Nevertheless, Bahrain was able to raise about $4 billion by issuing foreign currency denominated debt in 2017.</p><p></p><p>Other major economic activities are production of aluminum - Bahrain's second biggest export after oil and gas –finance, and construction. Bahrain continues to seek new natural gas supplies as feedstock to support its expanding petrochemical and aluminum industries. In April 2018 Bahrain announced it had found a significant oil field off the country’s west coast, but is still assessing how much of the oil can be extracted profitably.</p><p></p><p>In addition to addressing its current fiscal woes, Bahraini authorities face the long-term challenge of boosting Bahrain’s regional competitiveness — especially regarding industry, finance, and tourism — and reconciling revenue constraints with popular pressure to maintain generous state subsidies and a large public sector. Since 2015, the government lifted subsidies on meat, diesel, kerosene, and gasoline and has begun to phase in higher prices for electricity and water. As part of its diversification plans, Bahrain implemented a Free Trade Agreement (FTA) with the US in August 2006, the first FTA between the US and a Gulf state. It plans to introduce a Value Added Tax (VAT) by the end of 2018.</p>"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity)": {
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2020": {
"text": "$69.65 billion note: data are in 2017 dollars (2020 est.)"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2019": {
"text": "$73.87 billion (2019 est.)"
"text": "$73.95 billion note: data are in 2017 dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2018": {
"text": "$72.55 billion (2018 est.)"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2017": {
"text": "$71.282 billion (2017 est.)"
"text": "$72.51 billion note: data are in 2017 dollars (2018 est.)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data are in 2010 dollars"
},
@ -629,14 +629,14 @@
}
},
"Real GDP per capita": {
"Real GDP per capita 2020": {
"text": "$40,900 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2020 est.)"
},
"Real GDP per capita 2019": {
"text": "$45,011 (2019 est.)"
"text": "$45,100 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Real GDP per capita 2018": {
"text": "$46,227 (2018 est.)"
},
"Real GDP per capita 2017": {
"text": "$47,710 (2017 est.)"
"text": "$46,200 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2018 est.)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data are in 2010 dollars"
},
@ -772,7 +772,7 @@
},
"Exports": {
"Exports 2018": {
"text": "$27.635 billion (2018 est.)"
"text": "$30.1 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2018 est.)"
},
"Exports 2017": {
"text": "$26.762 billion (2017 est.)"
@ -786,7 +786,7 @@
},
"Imports": {
"Imports 2018": {
"text": "$23.399 billion (2018 est.)"
"text": "$27.19 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2018 est.)"
},
"Imports 2017": {
"text": "$22.132 billion (2017 est.)"
@ -927,7 +927,7 @@
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "<p>Bahrain is one of the most technically advanced and connected countries in the world; NGN for increased mobile and Wi-Fi traffic; mobile infrastructure and fiber-optic Internet allows greater Internet penetration and competitive prices; government provides free Internet in schools and public areas, and national broadband with sole control over network; regulator controlled by monarchy; Internet freedom restricted through blocks; well served by satellite and submarine cable access; importer of broadcasting equipment from UAE (2021)</p> (2020)"
"text": "<p>Bahrain is one of the most technically advanced and connected countries in the world; NGN for increased mobile and Wi-Fi traffic; mobile infrastructure and fiber-optic Internet allows greater Internet penetration and competitive prices; government provides free Internet in schools and public areas, and national broadband with sole control over network; regulator controlled by monarchy; Internet freedom restricted through blocks; well served by satellite and submarine cable access; importer of broadcasting equipment from UAE</p> (2021)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "17 per 100 fixed-line, 116 per 100 mobile-cellular; modern fiber-optic integrated services; digital network with rapidly expanding mobile-cellular telephones (2019)"

88
middle-east/gg.json
View file

@ -381,20 +381,6 @@
"text": "6.05 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Total water withdrawal": {
"municipal": {
"text": "359,974,627.7 cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"industrial": {
"text": "402,206,287.9 cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"agricultural": {
"text": "1,060,819,084.4 cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Total renewable water resources": {
"text": "63.33 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"Climate": {
"text": "warm and pleasant; Mediterranean-like on Black Sea coast"
},
@ -418,6 +404,15 @@
"text": "25.1% (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "59.9% of total population (2021)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "0.35% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data include Abkhazia and South Ossetia"
},
"Revenue from forest resources": {
"forest revenues": {
"text": "0.07% of GDP (2018 est.)"
@ -428,19 +423,24 @@
"text": "0.01% of GDP (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "59.9% of total population (2021)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "0.35% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data include Abkhazia and South Ossetia"
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "800,000 tons (2015 est.)"
}
},
"Total water withdrawal": {
"municipal": {
"text": "359,974,627.7 cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"industrial": {
"text": "402,206,287.9 cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"agricultural": {
"text": "1,060,819,084.4 cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Total renewable water resources": {
"text": "63.33 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Government": {
@ -628,14 +628,14 @@
"text": "<p>Georgia's main economic activities include cultivation of agricultural products such as grapes, citrus fruits, and hazelnuts; mining of manganese, copper, and gold; and producing alcoholic and nonalcoholic beverages, metals, machinery, and chemicals in small-scale industries. The country imports nearly all of its needed supplies of natural gas and oil products. It has sizeable hydropower capacity that now provides most of its electricity needs.</p><p></p><p>Georgia has overcome the chronic energy shortages and gas supply interruptions of the past by renovating hydropower plants and by increasingly relying on natural gas imports from Azerbaijan instead of from Russia. Construction of the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan oil pipeline, the South Caucasus gas pipeline, and the Baku-Tbilisi-Kars railroad are part of a strategy to capitalize on Georgia's strategic location between Europe and Asia and develop its role as a transit hub for gas, oil, and other goods.</p><p></p><p>Georgia's economy sustained GDP growth of more than 10% in 2006-07, based on strong inflows of foreign investment, remittances, and robust government spending. However, GDP growth slowed following the August 2008 conflict with Russia, and sank to negative 4% in 2009 as foreign direct investment and workers' remittances declined in the wake of the global financial crisis. The economy rebounded in the period 2010-17, but FDI inflows, the engine of Georgian economic growth prior to the 2008 conflict, have not recovered fully. Unemployment remains persistently high.</p><p></p><p>The country is pinning its hopes for faster growth on a continued effort to build up infrastructure, enhance support for entrepreneurship, simplify regulations, and improve professional education, in order to attract foreign investment and boost employment, with a focus on transportation projects, tourism, hydropower, and agriculture. Georgia had historically suffered from a chronic failure to collect tax revenues; however, since 2004 the government has simplified the tax code, increased tax enforcement, and cracked down on petty corruption, leading to higher revenues. The government has received high marks from the World Bank for improvements in business transparency. Since 2012, the Georgian Dream-led government has continued the previous administration's low-regulation, low-tax, free market policies, while modestly increasing social spending and amending the labor code to comply with International Labor Standards. In mid-2014, Georgia concluded an association agreement with the EU, paving the way to free trade and visa-free travel. In 2017, Georgia signed Free Trade Agreement (FTA) with China as part of Tbilisi’s efforts to diversify its economic ties. Georgia is seeking to develop its Black Sea ports to further facilitate East-West trade.</p>"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity)": {
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2020": {
"text": "$52.33 billion note: data are in 2017 dollars (2020 est.)"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2019": {
"text": "$55.776 billion (2019 est.)"
"text": "$55.76 billion note: data are in 2017 dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2018": {
"text": "$53.129 billion (2018 est.)"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2017": {
"text": "$50.662 billion (2017 est.)"
"text": "$53.12 billion note: data are in 2017 dollars (2018 est.)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data are in 2017 dollars"
},
@ -651,14 +651,14 @@
}
},
"Real GDP per capita": {
"Real GDP per capita 2020": {
"text": "$14,100 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2020 est.)"
},
"Real GDP per capita 2019": {
"text": "$14,992 (2019 est.)"
"text": "$15,000 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Real GDP per capita 2018": {
"text": "$14,257 (2018 est.)"
},
"Real GDP per capita 2017": {
"text": "$13,590 (2017 est.)"
"text": "$14,300 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2018 est.)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data are in 2017 dollars"
},
@ -800,11 +800,14 @@
}
},
"Exports": {
"Exports 2017": {
"text": "$3.566 billion (2017 est.)"
"Exports 2020": {
"text": "$5.94 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2020 est.)"
},
"Exports 2016": {
"text": "$2.831 billion (2016 est.)"
"Exports 2019": {
"text": "$9.54 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Exports 2018": {
"text": "$8.9 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Exports - partners": {
@ -814,11 +817,14 @@
"text": "copper, cars, iron alloys, wine, packaged medicines (2019)"
},
"Imports": {
"Imports 2017": {
"text": "$7.415 billion (2017 est.)"
"Imports 2020": {
"text": "$8.94 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2020 est.)"
},
"Imports 2016": {
"text": "$6.747 billion (2016 est.)"
"Imports 2019": {
"text": "$11.11 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Imports 2018": {
"text": "$10.77 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Imports - partners": {

60
middle-east/gz.json
View file

@ -340,6 +340,35 @@
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data represent combined total from the Gaza Strip and the West Bank."
},
"Climate": {
"text": "temperate, mild winters, dry and warm to hot summers"
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "77% of total population (2021)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "2.85% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data represent Gaza Strip and the West Bank"
},
"Revenue from forest resources": {
"forest revenues": {
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "1.387 million tons (2016 est.)"
},
"municipal solid waste recycled annually": {
"text": "6,935 tons (2013 est.)"
},
"percent of municipal solid waste recycled": {
"text": "0.5% (2013 est.)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data represent combined total from the Gaza Strip and the West Bank."
},
"Total water withdrawal": {
"municipal": {
"text": "181.2 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
@ -355,35 +384,6 @@
"Total renewable water resources": {
"text": "837 million cubic meters (2017 est.)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data represent combined total from the Gaza Strip and the West Bank."
},
"Climate": {
"text": "temperate, mild winters, dry and warm to hot summers"
},
"Revenue from forest resources": {
"forest revenues": {
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "77% of total population (2021)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "2.85% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data represent Gaza Strip and the West Bank"
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "1.387 million tons (2016 est.)"
},
"municipal solid waste recycled annually": {
"text": "6,935 tons (2013 est.)"
},
"percent of municipal solid waste recycled": {
"text": "0.5% (2013 est.)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data represent combined total from the Gaza Strip and the West Bank."
}
},
"Government": {
@ -705,7 +705,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "1,460,315 (Palestinian refugees) (2020)"
"text": "1,476,706 (Palestinian refugees) (2020)"
},
"IDPs": {
"text": "131,000 (includes persons displaced within the Gaza Strip due to the intensification of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict since June 2014 and other Palestinian IDPs in the Gaza Strip and West Bank who fled as long ago as 1967, although confirmed cumulative data do not go back beyond 2006) (2020)"

70
middle-east/ir.json
View file

@ -96,6 +96,9 @@
"Irrigated land": {
"text": "95,530 sq km (2012)"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Indian Ocean drainage: <em>(Persian Gulf)</em> Tigris and Euphrates (918,044 sq km)"
},
"Population distribution": {
"text": "population is concentrated in the north, northwest, and west, reflecting the position of the Zagros and Elburz Mountains; the vast dry areas in the center and eastern parts of the country, around the deserts of the Dasht-e Kavir and Dasht-e Lut, have a much lower population density"
},
@ -104,9 +107,6 @@
},
"Geography - note": {
"text": "strategic location on the Persian Gulf and Strait of Hormuz, which are vital maritime pathways for crude oil transport"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Indian Ocean drainage: <em>(Persian Gulf)</em> Tigris and Euphrates (918,044 sq km)"
}
},
"People and Society": {
@ -396,20 +396,6 @@
"text": "158.71 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Total water withdrawal": {
"municipal": {
"text": "6.2 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"industrial": {
"text": "1.1 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"agricultural": {
"text": "86 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Total renewable water resources": {
"text": "137.045 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"Climate": {
"text": "mostly arid or semiarid, subtropical along Caspian coast"
},
@ -433,6 +419,14 @@
"text": "63.1% (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "76.3% of total population (2021)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "1.32% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
}
},
"Revenue from forest resources": {
"forest revenues": {
"text": "0.01% of GDP (2017 est.)"
@ -443,14 +437,6 @@
"text": "0.01% of GDP (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "76.3% of total population (2021)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "1.32% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
}
},
"Major infectious diseases": {
"degree of risk": {
"text": "intermediate (2020)"
@ -476,6 +462,20 @@
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Indian Ocean drainage: <em>(Persian Gulf)</em> Tigris and Euphrates (918,044 sq km)"
},
"Total water withdrawal": {
"municipal": {
"text": "6.2 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"industrial": {
"text": "1.1 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"agricultural": {
"text": "86 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Total renewable water resources": {
"text": "137.045 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Government": {
@ -636,14 +636,14 @@
"text": "<p>Iran's economy is marked by statist policies, inefficiencies, and reliance on oil and gas exports, but Iran also possesses significant agricultural, industrial, and service sectors. The Iranian government directly owns and operates hundreds of state-owned enterprises and indirectly controls many companies affiliated with the country's security forces. Distortions - including corruption, price controls, subsidies, and a banking system holding billions of dollars of non-performing loans - weigh down the economy, undermining the potential for private-sector-led growth.</p><p></p><p>Private sector activity includes small-scale workshops, farming, some manufacturing, and services, in addition to medium-scale construction, cement production, mining, and metalworking. Significant informal market activity flourishes and corruption is widespread.</p><p></p><p>The lifting of most nuclear-related sanctions under the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) in January 2016 sparked a restoration of Iran’s oil production and revenue that drove rapid GDP growth, but economic growth declined in 2017 as oil production plateaued. The economy continues to suffer from low levels of investment and declines in productivity since before the JCPOA, and from high levels of unemployment, especially among women and college-educated Iranian youth.</p><p></p><p>In May 2017, the re-election of President Hasan RUHANI generated widespread public expectations that the economic benefits of the JCPOA would expand and reach all levels of society. RUHANI will need to implement structural reforms that strengthen the banking sector and improve Iran’s business climate to attract foreign investment and encourage the growth of the private sector. Sanctions that are not related to Iran’s nuclear program remain in effect, and these—plus fears over the possible re-imposition of nuclear-related sanctions—will continue to deter foreign investors from engaging with Iran.</p>"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity)": {
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2020": {
"text": "$1,044,310,000,000 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2020 est.)"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2019": {
"text": "$1,027,238,000,000 (2019 est.)"
"text": "$1,027,240,000,000 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2018": {
"text": "$1.102 trillion (2018 est.)"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2017": {
"text": "$1,172,665,000,000 (2017 est.)"
"text": "$1.102 trillion note: data are in 2017 dollars (2018 est.)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data are in 2017 dollars"
},
@ -659,14 +659,14 @@
}
},
"Real GDP per capita": {
"Real GDP per capita 2020": {
"text": "$12,400 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2020 est.)"
},
"Real GDP per capita 2019": {
"text": "$12,389 (2019 est.)"
"text": "$12,400 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Real GDP per capita 2018": {
"text": "$13,472 (2018 est.)"
},
"Real GDP per capita 2017": {
"text": "$14,536 (2017 est.)"
"text": "$13,500 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2018 est.)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data are in 2017 dollars"
},

84
middle-east/is.json
View file

@ -379,20 +379,6 @@
"text": "13.02 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Total water withdrawal": {
"municipal": {
"text": "983 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"industrial": {
"text": "72 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"agricultural": {
"text": "1.249 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Total renewable water resources": {
"text": "1.78 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"Climate": {
"text": "temperate; hot and dry in southern and eastern desert areas"
},
@ -416,6 +402,14 @@
"text": "69.1% (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "92.7% of total population (2021)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "1.51% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
}
},
"Revenue from forest resources": {
"forest revenues": {
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
@ -426,14 +420,6 @@
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "92.7% of total population (2021)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "1.51% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "5.4 million tons (2015 est.)"
@ -444,6 +430,20 @@
"percent of municipal solid waste recycled": {
"text": "25% (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Total water withdrawal": {
"municipal": {
"text": "983 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"industrial": {
"text": "72 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"agricultural": {
"text": "1.249 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Total renewable water resources": {
"text": "1.78 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Government": {
@ -561,7 +561,7 @@
"text": "judges selected by the 9-member Judicial Selection Committee, consisting of the Minister of Justice (chair), the president of the Supreme Court, two other Supreme Court justices, 1 other Cabinet minister, 2 Knesset members, and 2 representatives of the Israel Bar Association; judges can serve up to mandatory retirement at age 70"
},
"subordinate courts": {
"text": "district and magistrate courts; national and regional labor courts; family and juvenile courts; special and religious courts"
"text": "district and magistrate courts; national and regional labor courts; family and juvenile courts; special and Rabbinical courts"
}
},
"Political parties and leaders": {
@ -636,14 +636,14 @@
"text": "<p>Israel has a technologically advanced free market economy. Cut diamonds, high-technology equipment, and pharmaceuticals are among its leading exports. Its major imports include crude oil, grains, raw materials, and military equipment. Israel usually posts sizable trade deficits, which are offset by tourism and other service exports, as well as significant foreign investment inflows.</p> <p> </p> <p>Since March 2020, economic growth has slowed compared to recent historical averages, but Israel's slump has been less severe than in other Middle Eastern countries because of its swift vaccine roll-out and diversified economic base. Between 2016 and 2019, growth averaged 3.6% per year, led by exports. Israel's new government is hoping to pass the country's first budget in two years, which, combined with prudent fiscal policy and strong global trade ties would probably enable Israel to recover from economic challenges caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.</p> <p> </p> <p>Natural gas fields discovered off Israel's coast since 2009 have brightened Israel's energy security outlook. The Tamar and Leviathan fields were some of the world's largest offshore natural gas finds in the last decade. In 2020, Israel began exporting gas to Egypt and Jordan.</p> <p> </p> <p>Income inequality and high housing and commodity prices continue to be a concern for many Israelis. Israel's income inequality and poverty rates are among the highest of OECD countries, and there is a broad perception among the public that a small number of \"tycoons\" have a cartel-like grip over the major parts of the economy. Government officials have called for reforms to boost the housing supply and to increase competition in the banking sector to address these public grievances. Despite calls for reforms, the restricted housing supply continues to impact younger Israelis seeking to purchase homes. Tariffs and non-tariff barriers, coupled with guaranteed prices and customs tariffs for farmers kept food prices high. Private consumption is expected to drive growth through 2021, with consumers benefitting from low inflation and a strong currency.</p> <p> </p> <p>In the long term, Israel faces structural issues including low labor participation rates for its fastest growing social segments - the ultraorthodox and Arab-Israeli communities. Also, Israel's progressive, globally competitive, knowledge-based technology sector employs only about 8% of the workforce, with the rest mostly employed in manufacturing and services - sectors which face downward wage pressures from global competition. Expenditures on educational institutions remain low compared to most other OECD countries with similar GDP per capita.</p>"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity)": {
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2020": {
"text": "$353.39 billion note: data are in 2017 dollars (2020 est.)"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2019": {
"text": "$394.7 billion (2019 est.)"
"text": "$362.23 billion note: data are in 2017 dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2018": {
"text": "$351.254 billion (2018 est.)"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2017": {
"text": "$339.528 billion (2017 est.)"
"text": "$350.15 billion note: data are in 2017 dollars (2018 est.)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data are in 2010 dollars"
},
@ -660,13 +660,13 @@
},
"Real GDP per capita": {
"Real GDP per capita 2020": {
"text": "$41,953 (2020 est.)"
"text": "$38,300 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2020 est.)"
},
"Real GDP per capita 2019": {
"text": "$40,145 (2019 est.)"
"text": "$40,000 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Real GDP per capita 2018": {
"text": "$39,543 (2018 est.)"
"text": "$39,400 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2018 est.)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data are in 2010 dollars"
},
@ -824,14 +824,14 @@
}
},
"Exports": {
"Exports 2020": {
"text": "$113.87 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2020 est.)"
},
"Exports 2019": {
"text": "$104.992 billion (2019 est.)"
"text": "$115.57 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Exports 2018": {
"text": "$101.389 billion (2018 est.)"
},
"Exports 2017": {
"text": "$95.196 billion (2017 est.)"
"text": "$110.05 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Exports - partners": {
@ -841,14 +841,14 @@
"text": "diamonds, packaged medicines, medical instruments, integrated circuits, refined petroleum (2019)"
},
"Imports": {
"Imports 2020": {
"text": "$96.53 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2020 est.)"
},
"Imports 2019": {
"text": "$116.23 billion (2019 est.)"
"text": "$108.26 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Imports 2018": {
"text": "$111.652 billion (2018 est.)"
},
"Imports 2017": {
"text": "$104.252 billion (2017 est.)"
"text": "$107.74 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Imports - partners": {
@ -1150,7 +1150,7 @@
"text": "18 years of age for compulsory (Jews, Druze) military service; 17 years of age for voluntary (Christians, Muslims, Circassians) military service; both sexes are obligated to military service; conscript service obligation - 32 months for enlisted men and about 24 months for enlisted women (varies based on military occupation), 48 months for officers; pilots commit to 9-year service; reserve obligation to age 41-51 (men), age 24 (women) (2020)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF) has operated in the Golan between Israel and Syria since 1974 to monitor the ceasefire following the 1973 Arab-Israeli War and supervise the areas of separation between the two countries; as of August 2021, UNDOF consisted of about 1,250 personnel<br> <p>as of 2021 and since the outbreak of the Syrian civil war in 2011, Israel has routinely carried out air strikes in Syria targeting Iranian, Iranian-backed militia and Hizballah forces, and some Syrian Government troops; over the same period, the IDF has carried out numerous strikes against Hizballah in Lebanon in response to attacks on Israeli territory; Israel fought a month-long war in Lebanon with Hizballah in 2006 (see Appendix-T for details on Hizballah)</p> <p>as of 2021, the IDF also conducted frequent operations against the HAMAS and Palestine Islamic Jihad (PIJ) terrorist groups operating out of the Gaza Strip; since seizing control of the Gaza Strip in 2007, HAMAS has claimed responsibility for numerous rocket attacks into Israel and organized protests at the border between Gaza and Israel, resulting in violent clashes, casualties, and reprisal military actions by the IDF; HAMAS and Israel fought an 11-day conflict in May of 2021, which ended in an informal truce; sporadic clashes continued through 2021, including incendiary balloon attacks from Palestinian territory and retaliatory IDF strikes; PIJ has conducted numerous attacks on Israel since the 1980s, including a barrage of mortar and rocket strikes in February 2020 (see Appendix-T for more details on HAMAS and Palestine Islamic Jihad)<br><br>Israel has Major Non-NATO Ally (MNNA) status with the US; MNNA is a designation under US law that provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense trade and security cooperation; while MNNA status provides military and economic privileges, it does not entail any security commitments</p>"
"text": "the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF) has operated in the Golan between Israel and Syria since 1974 to monitor the ceasefire following the 1973 Arab-Israeli War and supervise the areas of separation between the two countries; as of August 2021, UNDOF consisted of about 1,250 personnel<br><br> <p>as of 2021 and since the outbreak of the Syrian civil war in 2011, Israel has routinely carried out air strikes in Syria targeting Iranian, Iranian-backed militia and Hizballah forces, and some Syrian Government troops; over the same period, the IDF has carried out numerous strikes against Hizballah in Lebanon in response to attacks on Israeli territory; Israel fought a month-long war in Lebanon with Hizballah in 2006 (see Appendix-T for details on Hizballah)</p> <p>as of 2021, the IDF also conducted frequent operations against the HAMAS and Palestine Islamic Jihad (PIJ) terrorist groups operating out of the Gaza Strip; since seizing control of the Gaza Strip in 2007, HAMAS has claimed responsibility for numerous rocket attacks into Israel and organized protests at the border between Gaza and Israel, resulting in violent clashes, casualties, and reprisal military actions by the IDF; HAMAS and Israel fought an 11-day conflict in May of 2021, which ended in an informal truce; sporadic clashes continued through 2021, including incendiary balloon attacks from Palestinian territory and retaliatory IDF strikes; PIJ has conducted numerous attacks on Israel since the 1980s, including a barrage of mortar and rocket strikes in February 2020 (see Appendix-T for more details on HAMAS and Palestine Islamic Jihad)<br><br>Israel has Major Non-NATO Ally (MNNA) status with the US; MNNA is a designation under US law that provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense trade and security cooperation; while MNNA status provides military and economic privileges, it does not entail any security commitments</p>"
}
},
"Terrorism": {

102
middle-east/iz.json
View file

@ -90,6 +90,12 @@
"Irrigated land": {
"text": "35,250 sq km (2012)"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Indian Ocean drainage: <em>(Persian Gulf)</em> Tigris and Euphrates (918,044 sq km)"
},
"Major aquifers": {
"text": "Arabian Aquifer System"
},
"Population distribution": {
"text": "population is concentrated in the north, center, and eastern parts of the country, with many of the larger urban agglomerations found along extensive parts of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers; much of the western and southern areas are either lightly populated or uninhabited"
},
@ -98,12 +104,6 @@
},
"Geography - note": {
"text": "strategic location on Shatt al Arab waterway and at the head of the Persian Gulf"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Indian Ocean drainage: <em>(Persian Gulf)</em> Tigris and Euphrates (918,044 sq km)"
},
"Major aquifers": {
"text": "Arabian Aquifer System"
}
},
"People and Society": {
@ -381,20 +381,6 @@
"text": "17.44 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Total water withdrawal": {
"municipal": {
"text": "1.23 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"industrial": {
"text": "2.05 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"agricultural": {
"text": "35.27 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Total renewable water resources": {
"text": "89.86 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"Climate": {
"text": "mostly desert; mild to cool winters with dry, hot, cloudless summers; northern mountainous regions along Iranian and Turkish borders experience cold winters with occasionally heavy snows that melt in early spring, sometimes causing extensive flooding in central and southern Iraq"
},
@ -418,6 +404,14 @@
"text": "80% (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "71.1% of total population (2021)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "2.91% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
}
},
"Revenue from forest resources": {
"forest revenues": {
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
@ -428,14 +422,6 @@
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "71.1% of total population (2021)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "2.91% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
}
},
"Major infectious diseases": {
"degree of risk": {
"text": "intermediate (2020)"
@ -460,6 +446,20 @@
},
"Major aquifers": {
"text": "Arabian Aquifer System"
},
"Total water withdrawal": {
"municipal": {
"text": "1.23 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"industrial": {
"text": "2.05 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"agricultural": {
"text": "35.27 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Total renewable water resources": {
"text": "89.86 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Government": {
@ -644,14 +644,14 @@
"text": "<p>Iraq's GDP growth slowed to 1.1% in 2017, a marked decline compared to the previous two years as domestic consumption and investment fell because of civil violence and a sluggish oil market. The Iraqi Government received its third tranche of funding from its 2016 Stand-By Arrangement (SBA) with the IMF in August 2017, which is intended to stabilize its finances by encouraging improved fiscal management, needed economic reform, and expenditure reduction. Additionally, in late 2017 Iraq received more than $1.4 billion in financing from international lenders, part of which was generated by issuing a $1 billion bond for reconstruction and rehabilitation in areas liberated from ISIL. Investment and key sector diversification are crucial components to Iraq’s long-term economic development and require a strengthened business climate with enhanced legal and regulatory oversight to bolster private-sector engagement. The overall standard of living depends on global oil prices, the central government passage of major policy reforms, a stable security environment post-ISIS, and the resolution of civil discord with the Kurdish Regional Government (KRG).</p><p></p><p>Iraq's largely state-run economy is dominated by the oil sector, which provides roughly 85% of government revenue and 80% of foreign exchange earnings, and is a major determinant of the economy's fortunes. Iraq's contracts with major oil companies have the potential to further expand oil exports and revenues, but Iraq will need to make significant upgrades to its oil processing, pipeline, and export infrastructure to enable these deals to reach their economic potential.</p><p></p><p>In 2017, Iraqi oil exports from northern fields were disrupted following a KRG referendum that resulted in the Iraqi Government reasserting federal control over disputed oil fields and energy infrastructure in Kirkuk. The Iraqi government and the KRG dispute the role of federal and regional authorities in the development and export of natural resources. In 2007, the KRG passed an oil law to develop IKR oil and gas reserves independent of the federal government. The KRG has signed about 50 contracts with foreign energy companies to develop its reserves, some of which lie in territories taken by Baghdad in October 2017. The KRG is able to unilaterally export oil from the fields it retains control of through its own pipeline to Turkey, which Baghdad claims is illegal. In the absence of a national hydrocarbons law, the two sides have entered into five provisional oil- and revenue-sharing deals since 2009, all of which collapsed.</p><p></p><p>Iraq is making slow progress enacting laws and developing the institutions needed to implement economic policy, and political reforms are still needed to assuage investors' concerns regarding the uncertain business climate. The Government of Iraq is eager to attract additional foreign direct investment, but it faces a number of obstacles, including a tenuous political system and concerns about security and societal stability. Rampant corruption, outdated infrastructure, insufficient essential services, skilled labor shortages, and antiquated commercial laws stifle investment and continue to constrain growth of private, nonoil sectors. Under the Iraqi constitution, some competencies relevant to the overall investment climate are either shared by the federal government and the regions or are devolved entirely to local governments. Investment in the IKR operates within the framework of the Kurdistan Region Investment Law (Law 4 of 2006) and the Kurdistan Board of Investment, which is designed to provide incentives to help economic development in areas under the authority of the KRG.</p><p></p><p>Inflation has remained under control since 2006. However, Iraqi leaders remain hard-pressed to translate macroeconomic gains into an improved standard of living for the Iraqi populace. Unemployment remains a problem throughout the country despite a bloated public sector. Overregulation has made it difficult for Iraqi citizens and foreign investors to start new businesses. Corruption and lack of economic reforms - such as restructuring banks and developing the private sector – have inhibited the growth of the private sector.</p>"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity)": {
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2020": {
"text": "$372.27 billion note: data are in 2017 dollars (2020 est.)"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2019": {
"text": "$427.736 billion (2019 est.)"
"text": "$415.32 billion note: data are in 2017 dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2018": {
"text": "$409.705 billion (2018 est.)"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2017": {
"text": "$412.027 billion (2017 est.)"
"text": "$397.64 billion note: data are in 2017 dollars (2018 est.)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data are in 2010 dollars"
},
@ -667,14 +667,14 @@
}
},
"Real GDP per capita": {
"Real GDP per capita 2020": {
"text": "$9,300 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2020 est.)"
},
"Real GDP per capita 2019": {
"text": "$10,881 (2019 est.)"
"text": "$10,600 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Real GDP per capita 2018": {
"text": "$10,660 (2018 est.)"
},
"Real GDP per capita 2017": {
"text": "$10,972 (2017 est.)"
"text": "$10,300 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2018 est.)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data are in 2010 dollars"
},
@ -815,11 +815,14 @@
}
},
"Exports": {
"Exports 2017": {
"text": "$61.4 billion (2017 est.)"
"Exports 2020": {
"text": "$50.61 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2020 est.)"
},
"Exports 2016": {
"text": "$41.72 billion (2016 est.)"
"Exports 2019": {
"text": "$88.9 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Exports 2018": {
"text": "$91.93 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Exports - partners": {
@ -829,11 +832,14 @@
"text": "crude petroleum, refined petroleum, gold, dates, petroleum coke (2019)"
},
"Imports": {
"Imports 2017": {
"text": "$39.47 billion (2017 est.)"
"Imports 2020": {
"text": "$54.72 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2020 est.)"
},
"Imports 2016": {
"text": "$19.57 billion (2016 est.)"
"Imports 2019": {
"text": "$72.28 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Imports 2018": {
"text": "$56.88 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Imports - partners": {
@ -1108,7 +1114,7 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Ministry of Defense: Iraqi Army, Army Aviation Command, Iraqi Navy, Iraqi Air Force, Iraqi Air Defense Command, Special Forces Command<br><br>National-Level Security Forces: Iraqi Counterterrorism Service (CTS; a Special Forces Division aka the \"Golden Division\"), Prime Minister's Special Forces Division, Presidential Brigades<br><br>Ministry of Interior: Federal Police Forces Command, Border Guard Forces Command, Federal Intelligence and Investigations Agency, Emergency Response Division, Facilities Protection Directorate, and Energy Police Directorate<br><br>Popular Mobilization Commission and Affiliated Forces (PMF); Ministry of Pershmerga (Kurdistan Regional Government) (2020)",
"text": "Ministry of Defense: Iraqi Army, Army Aviation Command, Iraqi Navy, Iraqi Air Force, Iraqi Air Defense Command, Special Forces Command<br><br>National-Level Security Forces: Iraqi Counterterrorism Service (CTS; a Special Forces Division aka the \"Golden Division\"), Prime Minister's Special Forces Division, Presidential Brigades<br><br>Ministry of Interior: Federal Police Forces Command, Border Guard Forces Command, Federal Intelligence and Investigations Agency, Emergency Response Division, Facilities Protection Directorate, and Energy Police Directorate<br><br>Popular Mobilization Commission and Affiliated Forces (PMF); Ministry of Pershmerga (Kurdistan Regional Government) (2021)",
"note": "note: the PMF is a collection of approximately 50 paramilitary militias of different sizes and with varying political interests"
},
"Military expenditures": {
@ -1153,7 +1159,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "15,167 (Turkey), 7,858 (West Bank and Gaza Strip), 5,041 (Iran) (2018); 248,721 (Syria) (2021)"
"text": "15,169 (Turkey), 7,868 (West Bank and Gaza Strip), 5,061 (Iran) (2020); 248,721 (Syria) (2021)"
},
"IDPs": {
"text": "1,198,940 (displacement in central and northern Iraq since January 2014) (2021)"

98
middle-east/jo.json
View file

@ -87,6 +87,12 @@
"Irrigated land": {
"text": "964 sq km (2012)"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Indian Ocean drainage: <em>(Persian Gulf)</em> Tigris and Euphrates (918,044 sq km)"
},
"Major aquifers": {
"text": "Arabian Aquifer System"
},
"Population distribution": {
"text": "population heavily concentrated in the west, and particularly the northwest, in and around the capital of Amman; a sizeable, but smaller population is located in the southwest along the shore of the Gulf of Aqaba"
},
@ -95,12 +101,6 @@
},
"Geography - note": {
"text": "strategic location at the head of the Gulf of Aqaba and as the Arab country that shares the longest border with Israel and the occupied West Bank; the Dead Sea, the lowest point in Asia and the second saltiest body of water in the world (after Lac Assal in Djibouti), lies on Jordan's western border with Israel and the West Bank; Jordan is almost landlocked but does have a 26 km southwestern coastline with a single port, Al 'Aqabah (Aqaba)"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Indian Ocean drainage: <em>(Persian Gulf)</em> Tigris and Euphrates (918,044 sq km)"
},
"Major aquifers": {
"text": "Arabian Aquifer System"
}
},
"People and Society": {
@ -387,20 +387,6 @@
"text": "6.04 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Total water withdrawal": {
"municipal": {
"text": "456.9 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"industrial": {
"text": "32.5 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"agricultural": {
"text": "554.7 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Total renewable water resources": {
"text": "937 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"Climate": {
"text": "mostly arid desert; rainy season in west (November to April)"
},
@ -424,6 +410,14 @@
"text": "87.5% (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "91.6% of total population (2021)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "0.98% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
}
},
"Revenue from forest resources": {
"forest revenues": {
"text": "0.02% of GDP (2018 est.)"
@ -434,14 +428,6 @@
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "91.6% of total population (2021)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "0.98% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
}
},
"Major infectious diseases": {
"text": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout Jordan; as of 6 October 2021, Jordan has reported a total of 828,572 cases of COVID-19 or 8,120.76 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with 105.48 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 5 October 2021, 36.52% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
},
@ -461,6 +447,20 @@
},
"Major aquifers": {
"text": "Arabian Aquifer System"
},
"Total water withdrawal": {
"municipal": {
"text": "456.9 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"industrial": {
"text": "32.5 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"agricultural": {
"text": "554.7 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Total renewable water resources": {
"text": "937 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Government": {
@ -644,14 +644,14 @@
"text": "<p>Jordan's economy is among the smallest in the Middle East, with insufficient supplies of water, oil, and other natural resources, underlying the government's heavy reliance on foreign assistance. Other economic challenges for the government include chronic high rates of unemployment and underemployment, budget and current account deficits, and government debt.</p><p></p><p>King ABDALLAH, during the first decade of the 2000s, implemented significant economic reforms, such as expanding foreign trade and privatizing state-owned companies that attracted foreign investment and contributed to average annual economic growth of 8% for 2004 through 2008. The global economic slowdown and regional turmoil contributed to slower growth from 2010 to 2017 - with growth averaging about 2.5% per year - and hurt export-oriented sectors, construction/real estate, and tourism. Since the onset of the civil war in Syria and resulting refugee crisis, one of Jordan’s most pressing socioeconomic challenges has been managing the influx of approximately 660,000 UN-registered refugees, more than 80% of whom live in Jordan’s urban areas. Jordan’s own official census estimated the refugee number at 1.3 million Syrians as of early 2016.</p><p></p><p>Jordan is nearly completely dependent on imported energy—mostly natural gas—and energy consistently makes up 25-30% of Jordan’s imports. To diversify its energy mix, Jordan has secured several contracts for liquefied and pipeline natural gas, developed several major renewables projects, and is currently exploring nuclear power generation and exploitation of abundant oil shale reserves. In August 2016, Jordan and the IMF agreed to a $723 million Extended Fund Facility that aims to build on the three-year, $2.1 billion IMF program that ended in August 2015 with the goal of helping Jordan correct budgetary and balance of payments imbalances.</p>"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity)": {
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2020": {
"text": "$100.16 billion note: data are in 2017 dollars (2020 est.)"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2019": {
"text": "$101.738 billion (2019 est.)"
"text": "$101.74 billion note: data are in 2017 dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2018": {
"text": "$99.786 billion (2018 est.)"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2017": {
"text": "$97.893 billion (2017 est.)"
"text": "$99.79 billion note: data are in 2017 dollars (2018 est.)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data are in 2017 dollars"
},
@ -667,14 +667,14 @@
}
},
"Real GDP per capita": {
"Real GDP per capita 2020": {
"text": "$9,800 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2020 est.)"
},
"Real GDP per capita 2019": {
"text": "$10,071 (2019 est.)"
"text": "$10,100 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Real GDP per capita 2018": {
"text": "$10,023 (2018 est.)"
},
"Real GDP per capita 2017": {
"text": "$10,010 (2017 est.)"
"text": "$10,000 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2018 est.)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data are in 2010 dollars"
},
@ -820,11 +820,11 @@
}
},
"Exports": {
"Exports 2018": {
"text": "$13.109 billion (2018 est.)"
"Exports 2019": {
"text": "$16.29 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Exports 2017": {
"text": "$12.718 billion (2017 est.)"
"Exports 2018": {
"text": "$15.09 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Exports - partners": {
@ -834,11 +834,11 @@
"text": "fertilizers, calcium phosphates, packaged medicines, clothing and apparel, phosphoric acid (2019)"
},
"Imports": {
"Imports 2018": {
"text": "$19.669 billion (2018 est.)"
"Imports 2019": {
"text": "$22.04 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Imports 2017": {
"text": "$19.353 billion (2017 est.)"
"Imports 2018": {
"text": "$22.92 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Imports - partners": {
@ -1095,7 +1095,7 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Jordanian Armed Forces (JAF): Royal Jordanian Army (includes Special Operations Forces, Border Guards, Royal Guard), Royal Jordanian Air Force, Royal Jordanian Coast Guard; Ministry of Interior: General Directorate of Gendarmerie Forces, Public Security Directorate (2020)"
"text": "Jordanian Armed Forces (JAF): Royal Jordanian Army (includes Special Operations Forces, Border Guards, Royal Guard), Royal Jordanian Air Force, Royal Jordanian Coast Guard; Ministry of Interior: General Directorate of Gendarmerie Forces, Public Security Directorate (2021)"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
@ -1121,7 +1121,7 @@
"text": "the JAF inventory is comprised of a wide mix of imported weapons, mostly second-hand equipment from Europe, the Gulf States, and the US; since 2010, the Netherlands and the US are the leading suppliers of military hardware to Jordan (2020)"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "100 Mali (MINUSMA) (Jan 2021)"
"text": "400 Mali (MINUSMA) (Sep 2021)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "17 years of age for voluntary male military service (women can volunteer to serve in noncombat military positions in the Royal Jordanian Arab Army Women's Corps and RJAF); initial service term 2 years, with option to reenlist for 18 years; conscription abolished in 1991; however, in 2020, Jordan announced the reinstatement of compulsory military service for jobless men aged between 25 and 29 with 12 months of service, made up of three months of military training and nine months of professional and technical training; in 2019, announced a voluntary 4-month National Military Service program for men and women aged between 18-25 years who have been unemployed for at least six months; service would include one month for military training with the remaining three months dedicated to vocational training in the sectors of construction and tourism (2020)"
@ -1141,7 +1141,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "2,272,411 (Palestinian refugees) (2020); 670,364 (Syria), 66,760 (Iraq), 13,902 (Yemen), 6,024 Sudan (2021)"
"text": "2,307,011 (Palestinian refugees) (2020); 670,364 (Syria), 66,760 (Iraq), 13,902 (Yemen), 6,024 Sudan (2021)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "17 (2020)"

82
middle-east/ku.json
View file

@ -87,6 +87,12 @@
"Irrigated land": {
"text": "105 sq km (2012)"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Indian Ocean drainage: <em>(Persian Gulf)</em> Tigris and Euphrates (918,044 sq km)"
},
"Major aquifers": {
"text": "Arabian Aquifer System"
},
"Population distribution": {
"text": "densest settlement is along the Persian Gulf, particularly in Kuwait City and on Bubiyan Island; significant population threads extend south and west along highways that radiate from the capital, particularly in the southern half of the country"
},
@ -95,12 +101,6 @@
},
"Geography - note": {
"text": "strategic location at head of Persian Gulf"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Indian Ocean drainage: <em>(Persian Gulf)</em> Tigris and Euphrates (918,044 sq km)"
},
"Major aquifers": {
"text": "Arabian Aquifer System"
}
},
"People and Society": {
@ -356,20 +356,6 @@
"text": "6.21 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Total water withdrawal": {
"municipal": {
"text": "448.3 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"industrial": {
"text": "23.3 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"agricultural": {
"text": "778.4 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Total renewable water resources": {
"text": "20 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"Climate": {
"text": "dry desert; intensely hot summers; short, cool winters"
},
@ -393,6 +379,14 @@
"text": "91.1% (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "100% of total population (2021)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "1.35% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
}
},
"Revenue from forest resources": {
"forest revenues": {
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
@ -403,14 +397,6 @@
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "100% of total population (2021)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "1.35% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "1.75 million tons (2010 est.)"
@ -421,6 +407,20 @@
},
"Major aquifers": {
"text": "Arabian Aquifer System"
},
"Total water withdrawal": {
"municipal": {
"text": "448.3 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"industrial": {
"text": "23.3 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"agricultural": {
"text": "778.4 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Total renewable water resources": {
"text": "20 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Government": {
@ -603,10 +603,10 @@
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity)": {
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2019": {
"text": "$209.738 billion (2019 est.)"
"text": "$209.74 billion note: data are in 2017 dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2018": {
"text": "$208.845 billion (2018 est.)"
"text": "$208.85 billion note: data are in 2017 dollars (2018 est.)"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2017": {
"text": "$206.274 billion (2017 est.)"
@ -626,10 +626,10 @@
},
"Real GDP per capita": {
"Real GDP per capita 2019": {
"text": "$49,854 (2019 est.)"
"text": "$49,900 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Real GDP per capita 2018": {
"text": "$50,479 (2018 est.)"
"text": "$50,500 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2018 est.)"
},
"Real GDP per capita 2017": {
"text": "$50,856 (2017 est.)"
@ -766,11 +766,11 @@
}
},
"Exports": {
"Exports 2018": {
"text": "$84.825 billion (2018 est.)"
"Exports 2019": {
"text": "$72.83 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Exports 2017": {
"text": "$89.098 billion (2017 est.)"
"Exports 2018": {
"text": "$85.2 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Exports - partners": {
@ -780,11 +780,11 @@
"text": "crude petroleum, refined petroleum, aircraft, natural gas, industrial hydrocarbon products (2019)"
},
"Imports": {
"Imports 2018": {
"text": "$54.556 billion (2018 est.)"
"Imports 2019": {
"text": "$59.65 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Imports 2017": {
"text": "$55.025 billion (2017 est.)"
"Imports 2018": {
"text": "$68.2 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Imports - partners": {
@ -1063,7 +1063,7 @@
"text": "the inventory of the Kuwaiti Armed Forces consists of a range of European- and US-sourced weapons systems; the US is the leading supplier of arms to Kuwait since 2010 (2020)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "17-21 years of age for voluntary military service; Kuwait reintroduced one-year mandatory service for men aged 18-35 in May 2017 after having suspended conscription in 2001; service is divided in two phases &ndash; four months for training and eight months for military service (2018)"
"text": "17-21 years of age for voluntary military service; Kuwait reintroduced one-year mandatory service for men aged 18-35 in May 2017 after having suspended conscription in 2001; service is divided in two phases &ndash; four months for training and eight months for military service (2019)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "Kuwait has Major Non-NATO Ally (MNNA) status with the US; MNNA is a designation under US law that provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense trade and security cooperation; while MNNA status provides military and economic privileges, it does not entail any security commitments"

86
middle-east/le.json
View file

@ -353,20 +353,6 @@
"text": "3.37 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Total water withdrawal": {
"municipal": {
"text": "240 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"industrial": {
"text": "900 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"agricultural": {
"text": "700 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Total renewable water resources": {
"text": "4.503 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"Climate": {
"text": "Mediterranean; mild to cool, wet winters with hot, dry summers; the Lebanon Mountains experience heavy winter snows"
},
@ -390,6 +376,14 @@
"text": "23.3% (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "89.1% of total population (2021)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "-1.23% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
}
},
"Revenue from forest resources": {
"forest revenues": {
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
@ -400,14 +394,6 @@
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "89.1% of total population (2021)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "-1.23% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
}
},
"Major infectious diseases": {
"text": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout Lebanon; as of 6 October 2021, Lebanon has reported a total of 626,926 cases of COVID-19 or 9,185.13 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with 122.54 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 6 October 2021, 24.21% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
},
@ -426,6 +412,20 @@
"percent of municipal solid waste recycled": {
"text": "8% (2014 est.)"
}
},
"Total water withdrawal": {
"municipal": {
"text": "240 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"industrial": {
"text": "900 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"agricultural": {
"text": "700 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Total renewable water resources": {
"text": "4.503 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Government": {
@ -616,14 +616,14 @@
"text": "<p>Lebanon has a free-market economy and a strong laissez-faire commercial tradition. The government does not restrict foreign investment; however, the investment climate suffers from red tape, corruption, arbitrary licensing decisions, complex customs procedures, high taxes, tariffs, and fees, archaic legislation, and inadequate intellectual property rights protection. The Lebanese economy is service-oriented; main growth sectors include banking and tourism.</p><p></p><p>The 1975-90 civil war seriously damaged Lebanon's economic infrastructure, cut national output by half, and derailed Lebanon's position as a Middle Eastern banking hub. Following the civil war, Lebanon rebuilt much of its war-torn physical and financial infrastructure by borrowing heavily, mostly from domestic banks, which saddled the government with a huge debt burden. Pledges of economic and financial reforms made at separate international donor conferences during the 2000s have mostly gone unfulfilled, including those made during the Paris III Donor Conference in 2007, following the July 2006 war. The \"CEDRE\" investment event hosted by France in April 2018 again rallied the international community to assist Lebanon with concessional financing and some grants for capital infrastructure improvements, conditioned upon long-delayed structural economic reforms in fiscal management, electricity tariffs, and transparent public procurement, among many others.</p><p></p><p>The Syria conflict cut off one of Lebanon's major markets and a transport corridor through the Levant. The influx of nearly one million registered and an estimated 300,000 unregistered Syrian refugees has increased social tensions and heightened competition for low-skill jobs and public services. Lebanon continues to face several long-term structural weaknesses that predate the Syria crisis, notably, weak infrastructure, poor service delivery, institutionalized corruption, and bureaucratic over-regulation. Chronic fiscal deficits have increased Lebanon’s debt-to-GDP ratio, the third highest in the world; most of the debt is held internally by Lebanese banks. These factors combined to slow economic growth to the 1-2% range in 2011-17, after four years of averaging 8% growth. Weak economic growth limits tax revenues, while the largest government expenditures remain debt servicing, salaries for government workers, and transfers to the electricity sector. These limitations constrain other government spending, limiting its ability to invest in necessary infrastructure improvements, such as water, electricity, and transportation. In early 2018, the Lebanese government signed long-awaited contract agreements with an international consortium for petroleum exploration and production as part of the country’s first offshore licensing round. Exploration is expected to begin in 2019.</p>"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity)": {
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2020": {
"text": "$79.51 billion note: data are in 2017 dollars (2020 est.)"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2019": {
"text": "$99.761 billion (2019 est.)"
"text": "$99.76 billion note: data are in 2017 dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2018": {
"text": "$106.925 billion (2018 est.)"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2017": {
"text": "$109.025 billion (2017 est.)"
"text": "$106.93 billion note: data are in 2017 dollars (2018 est.)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data are in 2017 dollars"
},
@ -639,14 +639,14 @@
}
},
"Real GDP per capita": {
"Real GDP per capita 2020": {
"text": "$11,600 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2020 est.)"
},
"Real GDP per capita 2019": {
"text": "$14,552 (2019 est.)"
"text": "$14,600 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Real GDP per capita 2018": {
"text": "$15,612 (2018 est.)"
},
"Real GDP per capita 2017": {
"text": "$16,005 (2017 est.)"
"text": "$15,600 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2018 est.)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data are in 2017 dollars"
},
@ -786,11 +786,11 @@
}
},
"Exports": {
"Exports 2017": {
"text": "$3.524 billion (2017 est.)"
"Exports 2019": {
"text": "$18.17 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Exports 2016": {
"text": "$3.689 billion (2016 est.)"
"Exports 2018": {
"text": "$19.16 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Exports - partners": {
@ -800,11 +800,11 @@
"text": "gold, jewelry, shotguns, diamonds, scrap copper (2019)"
},
"Imports": {
"Imports 2017": {
"text": "$18.34 billion (2017 est.)"
"Imports 2019": {
"text": "$31.34 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Imports 2016": {
"text": "$17.71 billion (2016 est.)"
"Imports 2018": {
"text": "$32.78 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Imports - partners": {
@ -1092,13 +1092,13 @@
"text": "the Lebanese Armed Forces (LAF) have approximately 80,000 active troops (77,000 Army; 1,500 Navy; 1,500 AF) (2021)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the LAF inventory includes a wide mix of mostly older equipment, largely from the US and European countries, particularly France and Germany; since 2010, the US is the leading supplier of armaments (mostly second hand equipment) to Lebanon (2019 est.)"
"text": "the LAF inventory includes a wide mix of mostly older equipment, largely from the US and European countries, particularly France and Germany; since 2010, the US is the leading supplier of armaments (mostly second hand equipment) to Lebanon (2020)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "17-25 years of age for voluntary military service (including women); no conscription (2019)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>as of late 2021, the Lebanese military faced multiple challenges, including securing the border with war- torn Syria from infiltrations of militants linked to the Islamic State and al-Qa’ida terrorist groups and maintaining stability along its volatile border with Israel, where the Iranian-backed and Lebanon-based militant group Hizballah conducted a war with Israel in 2006 and tensions remained high, including occasional armed skirmishes; in 2021, the military also faced a financial crisis as government debt and national economic difficulties undercut its ability to fully pay and supply personnel, which has sparked domestic and international fears that the armed forces may disintegrate <br><br></p> the United Nations Interim Force In Lebanon (UNIFIL) has operated in the country since 1978, originally under UNSCRs 425 and 426 to confirm Israeli withdrawal from Lebanon, restore international peace and security and assist the Lebanese Government in restoring its effective authority in the area; following the July-August 2006 war, the UN Security Council adopted resolution 1701 enhancing UNIFIL and deciding that in addition to the original mandate, it would, among other things, monitor the cessation of hostilities; accompany and support the Lebanese Armed Forces (LAF) as they deploy throughout the south of Lebanon; and extend its assistance to help ensure humanitarian access to civilian populations and the voluntary and safe return of displaced persons; UNIFIL had about 10,000 personnel deployed in the country as of September 2021"
"text": "<p>as of late 2021, the Lebanese military faced multiple challenges, including securing the border with war-torn Syria from infiltrations of militants linked to the Islamic State and al-Qa’ida terrorist groups and maintaining stability along its volatile border with Israel, where the Iranian-backed and Lebanon-based militant group Hizballah conducted a war with Israel in 2006 and tensions remained high, including occasional armed skirmishes; in 2021, the military also faced a financial crisis as government debt and national economic difficulties undercut its ability to fully pay and supply personnel, which has sparked domestic and international fears that the armed forces may disintegrate <br><br></p> the United Nations Interim Force In Lebanon (UNIFIL) has operated in the country since 1978, originally under UNSCRs 425 and 426 to confirm Israeli withdrawal from Lebanon, restore international peace and security, and assist the Lebanese Government in restoring its effective authority in the area; following the July-August 2006 war, the UN Security Council adopted resolution 1701 enhancing UNIFIL and deciding that in addition to the original mandate, it would, among other things, monitor the cessation of hostilities; accompany and support the Lebanese Armed Forces (LAF) as they deploy throughout the south of Lebanon; and extend its assistance to help ensure humanitarian access to civilian populations and the voluntary and safe return of displaced persons; UNIFIL had about 10,000 personnel deployed in the country as of September 2021"
}
},
"Terrorism": {
@ -1113,7 +1113,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "476,033 (Palestinian refugees) (2020); 855,172 (Syria) (2021)"
"text": "479,537 (Palestinian refugees) (2020); 851,717 (Syria) (2021)"
},
"IDPs": {
"text": "7,000 (2020)"

74
middle-east/mu.json
View file

@ -93,6 +93,9 @@
"Irrigated land": {
"text": "590 sq km (2012)"
},
"Major aquifers": {
"text": "Arabian Aquifer System"
},
"Population distribution": {
"text": "the vast majority of the population is located in and around the Al Hagar Mountains in the north of the country; another smaller cluster is found around the city of Salalah in the far south; most of the country remains sparsely poplulated"
},
@ -380,20 +383,6 @@
"text": "5.6 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Total water withdrawal": {
"municipal": {
"text": "130 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"industrial": {
"text": "135 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"agricultural": {
"text": "1.607 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Total renewable water resources": {
"text": "1.4 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"Climate": {
"text": "dry desert; hot, humid along coast; hot, dry interior; strong southwest summer monsoon (May to September) in far south"
},
@ -417,6 +406,14 @@
"text": "95.3% (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "87% of total population (2021)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "2.32% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
}
},
"Revenue from forest resources": {
"forest revenues": {
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
@ -427,18 +424,27 @@
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "87% of total population (2021)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "2.32% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "1,734,885 tons (2014 est.)"
}
},
"Major aquifers": {
"text": "Arabian Aquifer System"
},
"Total water withdrawal": {
"municipal": {
"text": "130 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"industrial": {
"text": "135 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"agricultural": {
"text": "1.607 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Total renewable water resources": {
"text": "1.4 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Government": {
@ -620,10 +626,10 @@
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity)": {
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2019": {
"text": "$135.814 billion (2019 est.)"
"text": "$135.79 billion note: data are in 2017 dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2018": {
"text": "$138.089 billion (2018 est.)"
"text": "$136.92 billion note: data are in 2017 dollars (2018 est.)"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2017": {
"text": "$135.696 billion (2017 est.)"
@ -643,10 +649,10 @@
},
"Real GDP per capita": {
"Real GDP per capita 2019": {
"text": "$27,299 (2019 est.)"
"text": "$27,300 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Real GDP per capita 2018": {
"text": "$28,593 (2018 est.)"
"text": "$28,400 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2018 est.)"
},
"Real GDP per capita 2017": {
"text": "$29,082 (2017 est.)"
@ -782,11 +788,11 @@
}
},
"Exports": {
"Exports 2017": {
"text": "$103.3 billion (2017 est.)"
"Exports 2019": {
"text": "$43.69 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Exports 2016": {
"text": "$27.54 billion (2016 est.)"
"Exports 2018": {
"text": "$46.32 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Exports - partners": {
@ -796,11 +802,11 @@
"text": "crude petroleum, natural gas, refined petroleum, iron products, fertilizers (2019)"
},
"Imports": {
"Imports 2017": {
"text": "$24.12 billion (2017 est.)"
"Imports 2019": {
"text": "$32.55 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Imports 2016": {
"text": "$21.29 billion (2016 est.)"
"Imports 2018": {
"text": "$35.37 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Imports - partners": {

92
middle-east/qa.json
View file

@ -93,6 +93,9 @@
"Irrigated land": {
"text": "130 sq km (2012)"
},
"Major aquifers": {
"text": "Arabian Aquifer System"
},
"Population distribution": {
"text": "most of the population is clustered in or around the capital of Doha on the eastern side of the peninsula"
},
@ -354,20 +357,6 @@
"text": "8.34 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Total water withdrawal": {
"municipal": {
"text": "477.2 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"industrial": {
"text": "143.7 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"agricultural": {
"text": "291.7 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Total renewable water resources": {
"text": "58 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"Climate": {
"text": "arid; mild, pleasant winters; very hot, humid summers"
},
@ -391,6 +380,14 @@
"text": "94.4% (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "99.3% of total population (2021)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "1.66% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
}
},
"Revenue from forest resources": {
"forest revenues": {
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
@ -401,14 +398,6 @@
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "99.3% of total population (2021)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "1.66% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "1,000,990 tons (2012 est.)"
@ -419,6 +408,23 @@
"percent of municipal solid waste recycled": {
"text": "3% (2014 est.)"
}
},
"Major aquifers": {
"text": "Arabian Aquifer System"
},
"Total water withdrawal": {
"municipal": {
"text": "477.2 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"industrial": {
"text": "143.7 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"agricultural": {
"text": "291.7 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Total renewable water resources": {
"text": "58 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Government": {
@ -601,14 +607,14 @@
"text": "<p>Qatar’s oil and natural gas resources are the country’s main economic engine and government revenue source, driving Qatar’s high economic growth and per capita income levels, robust state spending on public entitlements, and booming construction spending, particularly as Qatar prepares to host the World Cup in 2022. Although the government has maintained high capital spending levels for ongoing infrastructure projects, low oil and natural gas prices in recent years have led the Qatari Government to tighten some spending to help stem its budget deficit.</p><p></p><p>Qatar’s reliance on oil and natural gas is likely to persist for the foreseeable future. Proved natural gas reserves exceed 25 trillion cubic meters - 13% of the world total and, among countries, third largest in the world. Proved oil reserves exceed 25 billion barrels, allowing production to continue at current levels for about 56 years. Despite the dominance of oil and natural gas, Qatar has made significant gains in strengthening non-oil sectors, such as manufacturing, construction, and financial services, leading non-oil GDP to steadily rise in recent years to just over half the total.</p><p></p><p>Following trade restriction imposed by Saudi Arabia, the UAE, Bahrain, and Egypt in 2017, Qatar established new trade routes with other countries to maintain access to imports.</p>"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity)": {
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2020": {
"text": "$245.66 billion note: data are in 2017 dollars (2020 est.)"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2019": {
"text": "$255.01 billion (2019 est.)"
"text": "$255.01 billion note: data are in 2017 dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2018": {
"text": "$253.049 billion (2018 est.)"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2017": {
"text": "$249.963 billion (2017 est.)"
"text": "$253.05 billion note: data are in 2017 dollars (2018 est.)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data are in 2010 dollars"
},
@ -624,14 +630,14 @@
}
},
"Real GDP per capita": {
"Real GDP per capita 2020": {
"text": "$85,300 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2020 est.)"
},
"Real GDP per capita 2019": {
"text": "$90,044 (2019 est.)"
"text": "$90,000 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Real GDP per capita 2018": {
"text": "$90,970 (2018 est.)"
},
"Real GDP per capita 2017": {
"text": "$91,739 (2017 est.)"
"text": "$91,000 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2018 est.)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data are in 2010 dollars"
},
@ -761,11 +767,14 @@
}
},
"Exports": {
"Exports 2017": {
"text": "$67.5 billion (2017 est.)"
"Exports 2020": {
"text": "$70.93 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2020 est.)"
},
"Exports 2016": {
"text": "$57.25 billion (2016 est.)"
"Exports 2019": {
"text": "$92.05 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Exports 2018": {
"text": "$102.56 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Exports - partners": {
@ -775,11 +784,14 @@
"text": "natural gas, crude petroleum, refined petroleum, ethylene polymers, fertilizers (2019)"
},
"Imports": {
"Imports 2017": {
"text": "$30.77 billion (2017 est.)"
"Imports 2020": {
"text": "$59.06 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2020 est.)"
},
"Imports 2016": {
"text": "$31.93 billion (2016 est.)"
"Imports 2019": {
"text": "$66.77 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Imports 2018": {
"text": "$65.81 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Imports - partners": {

98
middle-east/sa.json
View file

@ -93,6 +93,12 @@
"Irrigated land": {
"text": "16,200 sq km (2012)"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Indian Ocean drainage: <em>(Persian Gulf)</em> Tigris and Euphrates (918,044 sq km)"
},
"Major aquifers": {
"text": "Arabian Aquifer System"
},
"Population distribution": {
"text": "historically a population that was mostly nomadic or semi-nomadic, the Saudi population has become more settled since petroleum was discovered in the 1930s; most of the economic activities - and with it the country's population - is concentrated in a wide area across the middle of the peninsula, from Ad Dammam in the east, through Riyadh in the interior, to Mecca-Medina in the west near the Red Sea"
},
@ -356,20 +362,6 @@
"text": "45.47 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Total water withdrawal": {
"municipal": {
"text": "3.15 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"industrial": {
"text": "1 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"agricultural": {
"text": "19.2 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Total renewable water resources": {
"text": "2.4 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"Climate": {
"text": "harsh, dry desert with great temperature extremes"
},
@ -393,6 +385,14 @@
"text": "18.8% (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "84.5% of total population (2021)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "1.69% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
}
},
"Revenue from forest resources": {
"forest revenues": {
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
@ -403,14 +403,6 @@
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "84.5% of total population (2021)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "1.69% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "16,125,701 tons (2015 est.)"
@ -421,6 +413,26 @@
"percent of municipal solid waste recycled": {
"text": "15% (2015 est.)"
}
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Indian Ocean drainage: <em>(Persian Gulf)</em> Tigris and Euphrates (918,044 sq km)"
},
"Major aquifers": {
"text": "Arabian Aquifer System"
},
"Total water withdrawal": {
"municipal": {
"text": "3.15 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"industrial": {
"text": "1 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"agricultural": {
"text": "19.2 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Total renewable water resources": {
"text": "2.4 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Government": {
@ -600,14 +612,14 @@
"text": "<p>Saudi Arabia has an oil-based economy with strong government controls over major economic activities. It possesses about 16% of the world's proven petroleum reserves, ranks as the largest exporter of petroleum, and plays a leading role in OPEC. The petroleum sector accounts for roughly 87% of budget revenues, 42% of GDP, and 90% of export earnings.</p><p></p><p>Saudi Arabia is encouraging the growth of the private sector in order to diversify its economy and to employ more Saudi nationals. Approximately 6 million foreign workers play an important role in the Saudi economy, particularly in the oil and service sectors; at the same time, however, Riyadh is struggling to reduce unemployment among its own nationals. Saudi officials are particularly focused on employing its large youth population.</p><p></p><p>In 2017, the Kingdom incurred a budget deficit estimated at 8.3% of GDP, which was financed by bond sales and drawing down reserves. Although the Kingdom can finance high deficits for several years by drawing down its considerable foreign assets or by borrowing, it has cut capital spending and reduced subsidies on electricity, water, and petroleum products and recently introduced a value-added tax of 5%. In January 2016, Crown Prince and Deputy Prime Minister MUHAMMAD BIN SALMAN announced that Saudi Arabia intends to list shares of its state-owned petroleum company, ARAMCO - another move to increase revenue and outside investment. The government has also looked at privatization and diversification of the economy more closely in the wake of a diminished oil market. Historically, Saudi Arabia has focused diversification efforts on power generation, telecommunications, natural gas exploration, and petrochemical sectors. More recently, the government has approached investors about expanding the role of the private sector in the health care, education and tourism industries. While Saudi Arabia has emphasized their goals of diversification for some time, current low oil prices may force the government to make more drastic changes ahead of their long-run timeline.</p>"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity)": {
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2020": {
"text": "$1,543,240,000,000 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2020 est.)"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2019": {
"text": "$1,609,323,000,000 (2019 est.)"
"text": "$1,609,320,000,000 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2018": {
"text": "$1,604,007,000,000 (2018 est.)"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2017": {
"text": "$1,565,891,000,000 (2017 est.)"
"text": "$1,604,010,000,000 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2018 est.)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data are in 2017 dollars"
},
@ -623,14 +635,14 @@
}
},
"Real GDP per capita": {
"Real GDP per capita 2020": {
"text": "$44,300 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2020 est.)"
},
"Real GDP per capita 2019": {
"text": "$46,962 (2019 est.)"
"text": "$47,000 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Real GDP per capita 2018": {
"text": "$47,597 (2018 est.)"
},
"Real GDP per capita 2017": {
"text": "$47,309 (2017 est.)"
"text": "$47,600 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2018 est.)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data are in 2017 dollars"
},
@ -773,11 +785,14 @@
}
},
"Exports": {
"Exports 2017": {
"text": "$221.1 billion (2017 est.)"
"Exports 2020": {
"text": "$184.11 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2020 est.)"
},
"Exports 2016": {
"text": "$183.6 billion (2016 est.)"
"Exports 2019": {
"text": "$285.86 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Exports 2018": {
"text": "$314.92 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Exports - partners": {
@ -787,11 +802,14 @@
"text": "crude petroleum, refined petroleum, polymers, industrial alcohols, natural gas (2019)"
},
"Imports": {
"Imports 2017": {
"text": "$119.3 billion (2017 est.)"
"Imports 2020": {
"text": "$179.8 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2020 est.)"
},
"Imports 2016": {
"text": "$127.8 billion (2016 est.)"
"Imports 2019": {
"text": "$218.94 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Imports 2018": {
"text": "$209.59 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Imports - partners": {

36
middle-east/sy.json
View file

@ -91,6 +91,9 @@
"Irrigated land": {
"text": "14,280 sq km (2012)"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Indian Ocean drainage: <em>(Persian Gulf)</em> Tigris and Euphrates (918,044 sq km)"
},
"Population distribution": {
"text": "significant population density along the Mediterranean coast; larger concentrations found in the major cities of Damascus, Aleppo (the country's largest city), and Hims (Homs); more than half of the population lives in the coastal plain, the province of Halab, and the Euphrates River valley",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the ongoing civil war has altered the population distribution"
@ -100,9 +103,6 @@
},
"Geography - note": {
"text": "the capital of Damascus - located at an oasis fed by the Barada River - is thought to be one of the world's oldest continuously inhabited cities; there are 42 Israeli settlements and civilian land use sites in the Israeli-controlled Golan Heights (2017)"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Indian Ocean drainage: <em>(Persian Gulf)</em> Tigris and Euphrates (918,044 sq km)"
}
},
"People and Society": {
@ -383,20 +383,6 @@
"text": "12.93 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Total water withdrawal": {
"municipal": {
"text": "1.475 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"industrial": {
"text": "615.4 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"agricultural": {
"text": "14.67 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Total renewable water resources": {
"text": "16.802 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"Climate": {
"text": "mostly desert; hot, dry, sunny summers (June to August) and mild, rainy winters (December to February) along coast; cold weather with snow or sleet periodically in Damascus"
},
@ -446,6 +432,20 @@
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Indian Ocean drainage: <em>(Persian Gulf)</em> Tigris and Euphrates (918,044 sq km)"
},
"Total water withdrawal": {
"municipal": {
"text": "1.475 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"industrial": {
"text": "615.4 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"agricultural": {
"text": "14.67 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Total renewable water resources": {
"text": "16.802 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Government": {
@ -1100,7 +1100,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "13,311 (Iraq) (2019); 562,312 (Palestinian Refugees) (2020)"
"text": "12,399 (Iraq) (2020); 568,730 (Palestinian Refugees) (2020)"
},
"IDPs": {
"text": "6.568 million (ongoing civil war since 2011) (2020)"

92
middle-east/tu.json
View file

@ -91,6 +91,9 @@
"Irrigated land": {
"text": "52,150 sq km (2012)"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Indian Ocean drainage: <em>(Persian Gulf)</em> Tigris and Euphrates (918,044 sq km)"
},
"Population distribution": {
"text": "the most densely populated area is found around the Bosporus in the northwest where 20% of the population lives in Istanbul; with the exception of Ankara, urban centers remain small and scattered throughout the interior of Anatolia; an overall pattern of peripheral development exists, particularly along the Aegean Sea coast in the west, and the Tigris and Euphrates River systems in the southeast"
},
@ -99,9 +102,6 @@
},
"Geography - note": {
"text": "strategic location controlling the Turkish Straits (Bosporus, Sea of Marmara, Dardanelles) that link the Black and Aegean Seas; the 3% of Turkish territory north of the Straits lies in Europe and goes by the names of European Turkey, Eastern Thrace, or Turkish Thrace; the 97% of the country in Asia is referred to as Anatolia; Istanbul, which straddles the Bosporus, is the only metropolis in the world located on two continents; Mount Ararat, the legendary landing place of Noah's ark, is in the far eastern portion of the country"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Indian Ocean drainage: <em>(Persian Gulf)</em> Tigris and Euphrates (918,044 sq km)"
}
},
"People and Society": {
@ -388,20 +388,6 @@
"text": "57.53 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Total water withdrawal": {
"municipal": {
"text": "6.016 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"industrial": {
"text": "2.898 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"agricultural": {
"text": "50.05 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Total renewable water resources": {
"text": "211.6 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"Climate": {
"text": "temperate; hot, dry summers with mild, wet winters; harsher in interior"
},
@ -425,6 +411,14 @@
"text": "35.4% (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "76.6% of total population (2021)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "1.11% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
}
},
"Revenue from forest resources": {
"forest revenues": {
"text": "0.08% of GDP (2018 est.)"
@ -435,14 +429,6 @@
"text": "0.05% of GDP (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "76.6% of total population (2021)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "1.11% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
}
},
"Major infectious diseases": {
"respiratory diseases": {
"text": "Covid-19 (2020)"
@ -456,6 +442,20 @@
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Indian Ocean drainage: <em>(Persian Gulf)</em> Tigris and Euphrates (918,044 sq km)"
},
"Total water withdrawal": {
"municipal": {
"text": "6.016 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"industrial": {
"text": "2.898 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"agricultural": {
"text": "50.05 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Total renewable water resources": {
"text": "211.6 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Government": {
@ -646,14 +646,14 @@
"text": "<p>Turkey's largely free-market economy is driven by its industry and, increasingly, service sectors, although its traditional agriculture sector still accounts for about 25% of employment. The automotive, petrochemical, and electronics industries have risen in importance and surpassed the traditional textiles and clothing sectors within Turkey's export mix. However, the recent period of political stability and economic dynamism has given way to domestic uncertainty and security concerns, which are generating financial market volatility and weighing on Turkey’s economic outlook.</p><p></p><p>Current government policies emphasize populist spending measures and credit breaks, while implementation of structural economic reforms has slowed. The government is playing a more active role in some strategic sectors and has used economic institutions and regulators to target political opponents, undermining private sector confidence in the judicial system. Between July 2016 and March 2017, three credit ratings agencies downgraded Turkey’s sovereign credit ratings, citing concerns about the rule of law and the pace of economic reforms.</p><p></p><p>Turkey remains highly dependent on imported oil and gas but is pursuing energy relationships with a broader set of international partners and taking steps to increase use of domestic energy sources including renewables, nuclear, and coal. The joint Turkish-Azerbaijani Trans-Anatolian Natural Gas Pipeline is moving forward to increase transport of Caspian gas to Turkey and Europe, and when completed will help diversify Turkey's sources of imported gas.</p><p></p><p>After Turkey experienced a severe financial crisis in 2001, Ankara adopted financial and fiscal reforms as part of an IMF program. The reforms strengthened the country's economic fundamentals and ushered in an era of strong growth, averaging more than 6% annually until 2008. An aggressive privatization program also reduced state involvement in basic industry, banking, transport, power generation, and communication. Global economic conditions and tighter fiscal policy caused GDP to contract in 2009, but Turkey's well-regulated financial markets and banking system helped the country weather the global financial crisis, and GDP growth rebounded to around 9% in 2010 and 2011, as exports and investment recovered following the crisis.</p><p></p><p>The growth of Turkish GDP since 2016 has revealed the persistent underlying imbalances in the Turkish economy. In particular, Turkey’s large current account deficit means it must rely on external investment inflows to finance growth, leaving the economy vulnerable to destabilizing shifts in investor confidence. Other troublesome trends include rising unemployment and inflation, which increased in 2017, given the Turkish lira’s continuing depreciation against the dollar. Although government debt remains low at about 30% of GDP, bank and corporate borrowing has almost tripled as a percent of GDP during the past decade, outpacing its emerging-market peers and prompting investor concerns about its long-term sustainability.</p>"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity)": {
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2020": {
"text": "$2,393,960,000,000 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2020 est.)"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2019": {
"text": "$2,371,374,000,000 (2019 est.)"
"text": "$2,352,640,000,000 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2018": {
"text": "$2,349,836,000,000 (2018 est.)"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2017": {
"text": "$2,282,304,000,000 (2017 est.)"
"text": "$2,331,270,000,000 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2018 est.)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data are in 2010 dollars"
},
@ -669,14 +669,14 @@
}
},
"Real GDP per capita": {
"Real GDP per capita 2020": {
"text": "$28,400 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2020 est.)"
},
"Real GDP per capita 2019": {
"text": "$28,424 (2019 est.)"
"text": "$28,200 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Real GDP per capita 2018": {
"text": "$28,545 (2018 est.)"
},
"Real GDP per capita 2017": {
"text": "$28,141 (2017 est.)"
"text": "$28,300 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2018 est.)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data are in 2010 dollars"
},
@ -821,14 +821,14 @@
}
},
"Exports": {
"Exports 2020": {
"text": "$203.29 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2020 est.)"
},
"Exports 2019": {
"text": "$310.671 billion (2019 est.)"
"text": "$245.84 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Exports 2018": {
"text": "$296.288 billion (2018 est.)"
},
"Exports 2017": {
"text": "$271.866 billion (2017 est.)"
"text": "$237.54 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Exports - partners": {
@ -838,14 +838,14 @@
"text": "cars and vehicle parts, refined petroleum, delivery trucks, jewelry, clothing and apparel (2019)"
},
"Imports": {
"Imports 2020": {
"text": "$232.01 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2020 est.)"
},
"Imports 2019": {
"text": "$258.385 billion (2019 est.)"
"text": "$227.06 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Imports 2018": {
"text": "$272.933 billion (2018 est.)"
},
"Imports 2017": {
"text": "$291.523 billion (2017 est.)"
"text": "$248.09 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Imports - partners": {
@ -1172,7 +1172,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "3,718,322 (Syria) (2021); 173,250 (Iraq) (asylum seekers), 116,400 (Afghanistan) (asylum seekers), 27,000 (Iran) (asylum seekers) (2020)"
"text": "173,250 (Iraq) (asylum seekers), 116,400 (Afghanistan) (asylum seekers), 27,000 (Iran) (asylum seekers) (2020); 3,721,057 (Syria) (2021)"
},
"IDPs": {
"text": "1.099 million (displaced from 1984-2005 because of fighting between the Kurdish PKK and Turkish military; most IDPs are Kurds from eastern and southeastern provinces; no information available on persons displaced by development projects) (2020)"

85
middle-east/we.json
View file

@ -362,22 +362,6 @@
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data represent combined total from the Gaza Strip and the West Bank."
},
"Total water withdrawal": {
"municipal": {
"text": "181.2 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"industrial": {
"text": "32 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"agricultural": {
"text": "162 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data represent combined total from the Gaza Strip and the West Bank."
},
"Total renewable water resources": {
"text": "837 million cubic meters (2017 est.)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data represent combined total from the Gaza Strip and the West Bank."
},
"Climate": {
"text": "temperate; temperature and precipitation vary with altitude, warm to hot summers, cool to mild winters"
},
@ -402,11 +386,6 @@
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> includes Gaza Strip"
},
"Revenue from forest resources": {
"forest revenues": {
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "77% of total population (2021)"
@ -416,6 +395,11 @@
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data represent Gaza Strip and the West Bank"
},
"Revenue from forest resources": {
"forest revenues": {
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "1.387 million tons (2016 est.)"
@ -427,6 +411,22 @@
"text": "0.5% (2013 est.)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data represent combined total from the Gaza Strip and the West Bank."
},
"Total water withdrawal": {
"municipal": {
"text": "181.2 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"industrial": {
"text": "32 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"agricultural": {
"text": "162 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data represent combined total from the Gaza Strip and the West Bank."
},
"Total renewable water resources": {
"text": "837 million cubic meters (2017 est.)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data represent combined total from the Gaza Strip and the West Bank."
}
},
"Government": {
@ -447,16 +447,15 @@
"text": "<p>In 2017, the economic outlook in the West Bank - the larger of the two areas comprising the Palestinian Territories – remained fragile, as security concerns and political friction slowed economic growth. Unemployment in the West Bank remained high at 19.0% in the third quarter of 2017, only slightly better than 19.6% at the same point the previous year, while the labor force participation rate remained flat, year-on-year.</p><p></p><p>Longstanding Israeli restrictions on imports, exports, and movement of goods and people continue to disrupt labor and trade flows and the territory’s industrial capacity, and constrain private sector development. The PA’s budget benefited from an effort to improve tax collection, coupled with lower spending in 2017, but the PA for the foreseeable future will continue to rely heavily on donor aid for its budgetary needs and infrastructure development.</p>"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity)": {
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2014": {
"text": "$21.22 billion (2014 est.)"
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2020": {
"text": "$25.91 billion note: data are in 2017 dollars and includes Gaza Strip (2020 est.)"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2013": {
"text": "$20.15 billion (2013 est.)"
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2019": {
"text": "$29.26 billion note: data are in 2017 dollars and includes Gaza Strip (2019 est.)"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2012": {
"text": "$19.95 billion (2012 est.)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data are in 2014 US dollars; includes Gaza Strip"
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2018": {
"text": "$28.87 billion note: data are in 2017 dollars and includes Gaza Strip (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Real GDP growth rate": {
"Real GDP growth rate 2014": {
@ -471,14 +470,14 @@
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> excludes Gaza Strip"
},
"Real GDP per capita": {
"Real GDP per capita 2020": {
"text": "$5,400 note: data are in 2017 dollars and includes Gaza Strip (2020 est.)"
},
"Real GDP per capita 2019": {
"text": "$6,220 (2019 est.)"
"text": "$6,200 note: data are in 2017 dollars and includes Gaza Strip (2019 est.)"
},
"Real GDP per capita 2018": {
"text": "$6,318 (2018 est.)"
},
"Real GDP per capita 2017": {
"text": "$6,402 (2017 est.)"
"text": "$6,300 note: data are in 2017 dollars and includes Gaza Strip (2018 est.)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> includes Gaza Strip"
},
@ -619,11 +618,11 @@
}
},
"Exports": {
"Exports 2017": {
"text": "$2.126 billion (2017 est.)"
"Exports 2019": {
"text": "$2.65 billion note: data are in current year dollars and includes Gaza Strip (2019 est.)"
},
"Exports 2016": {
"text": "$1.827 billion (2016 est.)"
"Exports 2018": {
"text": "$2.6 billion note: data are in current year dollars and includes Gaza Strip (2018 est.)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> excludes Gaza Strip"
},
@ -631,11 +630,11 @@
"text": "stone, olives, fruit, vegetables, limestone"
},
"Imports": {
"Imports 2017": {
"text": "$6.565 billion (2017 est.)"
"Imports 2019": {
"text": "$9.15 billion note: data are in current year dollars and includes Gaza Strip (2019 est.)"
},
"Imports 2016": {
"text": "$6.207 billion (2016 est.)"
"Imports 2018": {
"text": "$9.02 billion note: data are in current year dollars and includes Gaza Strip (2018 est.)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data include the Gaza Strip"
},
@ -861,7 +860,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "858,758 (Palestinian refugees) (2020)"
"text": "871,537 (Palestinian refugees) (2020)"
},
"IDPs": {
"text": "131,000 (includes persons displaced within the Gaza strip due to the intensification of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict since June 2014 and other Palestinian IDPs in the Gaza Strip and West Bank who fled as long ago as 1967, although confirmed cumulative data do not go back beyond 2006) (2020)"

44
middle-east/ym.json
View file

@ -400,20 +400,6 @@
"text": "8.03 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Total water withdrawal": {
"municipal": {
"text": "265 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"industrial": {
"text": "65 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"agricultural": {
"text": "3.235 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Total renewable water resources": {
"text": "2.1 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"Climate": {
"text": "mostly desert; hot and humid along west coast; temperate in western mountains affected by seasonal monsoon; extraordinarily hot, dry, harsh desert in east"
},
@ -437,6 +423,14 @@
"text": "54.5% (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "38.5% of total population (2021)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "3.71% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)"
}
},
"Revenue from forest resources": {
"forest revenues": {
"text": "0.04% of GDP (2018 est.)"
@ -447,14 +441,6 @@
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "38.5% of total population (2021)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "3.71% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)"
}
},
"Major infectious diseases": {
"degree of risk": {
"text": "high (2020)"
@ -484,6 +470,20 @@
"percent of municipal solid waste recycled": {
"text": "8% (2016 est.)"
}
},
"Total water withdrawal": {
"municipal": {
"text": "265 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"industrial": {
"text": "65 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"agricultural": {
"text": "3.235 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Total renewable water resources": {
"text": "2.1 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Government": {