apunkt/factbook.json
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europe/bo.json
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@ -85,6 +85,9 @@
"Irrigated land": {
"text": "1,140 sq km (2012)"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: <em>(Black Sea) </em>Dnieper (533,966 sq km)"
},
"Population distribution": {
"text": "a fairly even distribution throughout most of the country, with urban areas attracting larger and denser populations"
},
@ -93,9 +96,6 @@
},
"Geography - note": {
"text": "landlocked; glacial scouring accounts for the flatness of Belarusian terrain and for its 11,000 lakes"
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: <em>(Black Sea) </em>Dnieper (533,966 sq km)"
}
},
"People and Society": {
@ -379,20 +379,6 @@
"text": "17.19 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Total water withdrawal": {
"municipal": {
"text": "523 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"industrial": {
"text": "443 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"agricultural": {
"text": "431 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Total renewable water resources": {
"text": "57.9 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"Climate": {
"text": "cold winters, cool and moist summers; transitional between continental and maritime"
},
@ -416,6 +402,14 @@
"text": "13.6% (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "79.9% of total population (2021)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "0.28% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
}
},
"Revenue from forest resources": {
"forest revenues": {
"text": "1.02% of GDP (2018 est.)"
@ -426,14 +420,6 @@
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "79.9% of total population (2021)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "0.28% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "4.28 million tons (2015 est.)"
@ -447,6 +433,20 @@
},
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
"text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: <em>(Black Sea) </em>Dnieper (533,966 sq km)"
},
"Total water withdrawal": {
"municipal": {
"text": "523 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"industrial": {
"text": "443 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
},
"agricultural": {
"text": "431 million cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Total renewable water resources": {
"text": "57.9 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
},
"Government": {
@ -635,14 +635,14 @@
"text": "<p>As part of the former Soviet Union, Belarus had a relatively well-developed industrial base, but it is now outdated, inefficient, and dependent on subsidized Russian energy and preferential access to Russian markets. The country’s agricultural base is largely dependent on government subsidies. Following the collapse of the Soviet Union, an initial burst of economic reforms included privatization of state enterprises, creation of private property rights, and the acceptance of private entrepreneurship, but by 1994 the reform effort dissipated. About 80% of industry remains in state hands, and foreign investment has virtually disappeared. Several businesses have been renationalized. State-owned entities account for 70-75% of GDP, and state banks make up 75% of the banking sector.</p><p></p><p>Economic output declined for several years following the break-up of the Soviet Union, but revived in the mid-2000s. Belarus has only small reserves of crude oil and imports crude oil and natural gas from Russia at subsidized, below market, prices. Belarus derives export revenue by refining Russian crude and selling it at market prices. Russia and Belarus have had serious disagreements over prices and quantities for Russian energy. Beginning in early 2016, Russia claimed Belarus began accumulating debt – reaching $740 million by April 2017 – for paying below the agreed price for Russian natural gas and Russia cut back its export of crude oil as a result of the debt. In April 2017, Belarus agreed to pay its gas debt and Russia restored the flow of crude.</p><p></p><p>New non-Russian foreign investment has been limited in recent years, largely because of an unfavorable financial climate. In 2011, a financial crisis lead to a nearly three-fold devaluation of the Belarusian ruble. The Belarusian economy has continued to struggle under the weight of high external debt servicing payments and a trade deficit. In mid-December 2014, the devaluation of the Russian ruble triggered a near 40% devaluation of the Belarusian ruble.</p><p></p><p>Belarus’s economy stagnated between 2012 and 2016, widening productivity and income gaps between Belarus and neighboring countries. Budget revenues dropped because of falling global prices on key Belarusian export commodities. Since 2015, the Belarusian government has tightened its macro-economic policies, allowed more flexibility to its exchange rate, taken some steps towards price liberalization, and reduced subsidized government lending to state-owned enterprises. Belarus returned to modest growth in 2017, largely driven by improvement of external conditions and Belarus issued sovereign debt for the first time since 2011, which provided the country with badly-needed liquidity, and issued $600 million worth of Eurobonds in February 2018, predominantly to US and British investors.</p>"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity)": {
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2020": {
"text": "$179.97 billion note: data are in 2017 dollars (2020 est.)"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2019": {
"text": "$181.286 billion (2019 est.)"
"text": "$181.61 billion note: data are in 2017 dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2018": {
"text": "$179.098 billion (2018 est.)"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2017": {
"text": "$173.63 billion (2017 est.)"
"text": "$179.1 billion note: data are in 2017 dollars (2018 est.)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data are in 2010 dollars"
},
@ -658,14 +658,14 @@
}
},
"Real GDP per capita": {
"Real GDP per capita 2020": {
"text": "$19,100 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2020 est.)"
},
"Real GDP per capita 2019": {
"text": "$19,150 (2019 est.)"
"text": "$19,300 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Real GDP per capita 2018": {
"text": "$18,885 (2018 est.)"
},
"Real GDP per capita 2017": {
"text": "$18,280 (2017 est.)"
"text": "$18,900 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2018 est.)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data are in 2010 dollars"
},
@ -810,11 +810,14 @@
}
},
"Exports": {
"Exports 2017": {
"text": "$28.65 billion (2017 est.)"
"Exports 2020": {
"text": "$37.04 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2020 est.)"
},
"Exports 2016": {
"text": "$22.98 billion (2016 est.)"
"Exports 2019": {
"text": "$41.97 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Exports 2018": {
"text": "$42.27 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Exports - partners": {
@ -824,11 +827,14 @@
"text": "refined petroleum, fertilizers, cheese, delivery trucks, crude petroleum (2019)"
},
"Imports": {
"Imports 2017": {
"text": "$31.58 billion (2017 est.)"
"Imports 2020": {
"text": "$35.16 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2020 est.)"
},
"Imports 2016": {
"text": "$25.61 billion (2016 est.)"
"Imports 2019": {
"text": "$42.38 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2019 est.)"
},
"Imports 2018": {
"text": "$41.34 billion note: data are in current year dollars (2018 est.)"
}
},
"Imports - partners": {
@ -966,7 +972,7 @@
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "<p>government owns and administers backbone network and much of telecom market with no independent regulator; government and telecom regulator are concluding three major programs aimed at developing the telecom sector and digital economy to enable 5G services and extension of fiber infrastructure; growing applications for smart cities; developing mobile broadband and data services to rural areas; commercial LTE services extended to 80% of the population; operators provide standalone 5G service and NB-IoT services; international connection through fiber optic and terrestrial link, nascent satellite system; importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2021)</p> (2020)"
"text": "<p>government owns and administers backbone network and much of telecom market with no independent regulator; government and telecom regulator are concluding three major programs aimed at developing the telecom sector and digital economy to enable 5G services and extension of fiber infrastructure; growing applications for smart cities; developing mobile broadband and data services to rural areas; commercial LTE services extended to 80% of the population; operators provide standalone 5G service and NB-IoT services; international connection through fiber optic and terrestrial link, nascent satellite system; importer of broadcasting equipment from China</p> (2021)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line teledensity is improving although rural areas continue to be underserved, 48 per 100 fixed-line; mobile-cellular teledensity now approaches 123 telephones per 100 persons (2019)"