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auto-update week 48
This commit is contained in:
Yo Robot
parent
82d71301df
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ef09edb347
226 changed files with 2332 additions and 2213 deletions
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@ -318,13 +318,13 @@
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},
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"School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
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"total": {
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"text": "14 years"
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"text": "16 years"
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},
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"male": {
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"text": "14 years"
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"text": "15 years"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "15 years (2017)"
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"text": "17 years (2020)"
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}
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},
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"Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": {
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@ -1064,10 +1064,10 @@
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},
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"Merchant marine": {
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"total": {
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"text": "640"
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"text": "623"
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},
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"by type": {
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"text": "container ship 3, general cargo 120, oil tanker 19, other 498 (2020)"
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"text": "bulk carrier 1, container ship 3, general cargo 117, oil tanker 19, other 483 (2021)"
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}
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},
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"Ports and terminals": {
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@ -1107,7 +1107,7 @@
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"text": "the United Arab Emirates Armed Forces have approximately 65,000 total active personnel (45,000 Land Forces; 3,000 Navy; 5,000 Air Force; 12,000 Presidential Guard) (2021)"
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},
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"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
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"text": "the UAE Armed Forces inventory is comprised of wide variety of mostly modern imported equipment; since 2010, the UAE has acquired military equipment from more than 20 countries with the US as the leading supplier by far, followed by France and Russia (2020)"
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"text": "the UAE Armed Forces inventory is comprised of wide variety of mostly modern imported equipment; since 2010, the UAE has acquired military equipment from more than 20 countries with the US as the leading supplier, followed by France and Russia; in recent years, the UAE has tried to boost its domestic defense industry (2020)"
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},
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"Military deployments": {
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"text": "estimates vary; reportedly a few hundred remain in Yemen (2021)"
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@ -92,7 +92,7 @@
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}
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},
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"Population distribution": {
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"text": "highest population density is found in the far eastern area of the county, in and around Baku; apart from smaller urbanized areas, the rest of the country has a fairly light and evenly distributed population"
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"text": "highest population density is found in the far eastern area of the country, in and around Baku; apart from smaller urbanized areas, the rest of the country has a fairly light and evenly distributed population"
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},
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"Natural hazards": {
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"text": "droughts"
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@ -127,7 +127,7 @@
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"note": "<strong>note:</strong> Russian is widely spoken"
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},
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"Religions": {
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"text": "Muslim 96.9% (predominantly Shia), Christian 3%, other <0.1, unaffiliated <0.1 (2010 est.)",
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"text": "Muslim 97.3% (predominantly Shia), Christian 2.6%, other <0.1, unaffiliated <0.1 (2020 est.)",
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"note": "<strong>note:</strong> religious affiliation for the majority of Azerbaijanis is largely nominal, percentages for actual practicing adherents are probably much lower"
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},
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"Age structure": {
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@ -185,7 +185,7 @@
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"text": "0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2021 est.)"
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},
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"Population distribution": {
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"text": "highest population density is found in the far eastern area of the county, in and around Baku; apart from smaller urbanized areas, the rest of the country has a fairly light and evenly distributed population"
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"text": "highest population density is found in the far eastern area of the country, in and around Baku; apart from smaller urbanized areas, the rest of the country has a fairly light and evenly distributed population"
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},
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"Urbanization": {
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"urban population": {
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@ -345,7 +345,7 @@
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"text": "13 years"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "14 years (2019)"
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"text": "14 years (2020)"
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}
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},
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"Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": {
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@ -1080,10 +1080,10 @@
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},
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"Merchant marine": {
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"total": {
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"text": "303"
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"text": "305"
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},
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"by type": {
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"text": "general cargo 38, oil tanker 45, other 220 (2020)"
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"text": "general cargo 38, oil tanker 43, other 224 (2021)"
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}
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},
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"Ports and terminals": {
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@ -1126,7 +1126,7 @@
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"text": "18-35 years of age for compulsory military service; service obligation 18 months or 12 months for university graduates; 17 years of age for voluntary service; 17 year olds are considered to be on active service at cadet military schools (2020)"
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},
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"Military - note": {
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"text": "since November 2020, Russia has deployed about 2,000 peacekeeping troops to the area in and around Nagorno-Karabakh as part of a cease-fire agreement between Armenia and Azerbaijan; fighting erupted between the two countries over the Nagorno-Karabakh region in September of 2020; Nagorno-Karabakh lies within Azerbaijan but has been under control of ethnic Armenian forces (the \"Nagorno-Karabakh Defense Army\") backed by Armenia since a separatist war there ended in 1994; six weeks of fighting resulted in about 6,000 deaths and ended after Armenia ceded swathes of Nagorno-Karabakh territory; tensions remained high through 2021, and Armenia has accused Azerbaijani forces of a series of border intrusions and of seizing pockets of territory including along a lake shared by the two countries since the fighting ended"
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"text": "since November 2020, Russia has deployed about 2,000 peacekeeping troops to the area in and around Nagorno-Karabakh as part of a cease-fire agreement between Armenia and Azerbaijan; fighting erupted between the two countries over the Nagorno-Karabakh region in September of 2020; Nagorno-Karabakh lies within Azerbaijan but has been under control of ethnic Armenian forces (the \"Nagorno-Karabakh Defense Army\") backed by Armenia since a separatist war there ended in 1994; six weeks of fighting resulted in about 6,000 deaths and ended after Armenia ceded swathes of Nagorno-Karabakh territory; tensions remained high through 2021, and both sides have accused the other of provocations since the fighting ended; Armenia has accused Azerbaijani forces of a series of border intrusions and of seizing pockets of territory"
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}
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},
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"Terrorism": {
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@ -340,7 +340,7 @@
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"text": "13 years"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "14 years (2019)"
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"text": "14 years (2020)"
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}
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},
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"Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": {
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@ -1092,7 +1092,7 @@
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"text": "18-27 years of age for voluntary or compulsory military service; 2-year conscript service obligation, which can be served as an officer upon deferment for university studies if enrolled in officer-producing program; 17 year olds are eligible to become cadets at military higher education institutes, where they are classified as military personnel (2019)"
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},
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"Military - note": {
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"text": "since November 2020, Russia has deployed about 2,000 peacekeeping troops to the area in and around Nagorno-Karabakh as part of a cease-fire agreement between Armenia and Azerbaijan; fighting erupted between the two countries over the Nagorno-Karabakh region in September of 2020; Nagorno-Karabakh lies within Azerbaijan but has been under control of ethnic Armenian forces (the \"Nagorno-Karabakh Defense Army\") backed by Armenia since a separatist war there ended in 1994; six weeks of fighting resulted in about 6,000 deaths and ended after Armenia ceded swathes of Nagorno-Karabakh territory; tensions remain high, and Armenia has accused Azerbaijani forces of a series of border intrusions and of seizing pockets of territory including along a lake shared by the two countries since the fighting ended<br><br>Armenia has been a member of the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) since 1994 and contributes troops to CSTO's rapid reaction force"
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"text": "since November 2020, Russia has deployed about 2,000 peacekeeping troops to the area in and around Nagorno-Karabakh as part of a cease-fire agreement between Armenia and Azerbaijan; fighting erupted between the two countries over the Nagorno-Karabakh region in September of 2020; Nagorno-Karabakh lies within Azerbaijan but has been under control of ethnic Armenian forces (the \"Nagorno-Karabakh Defense Army\") backed by Armenia since a separatist war there ended in 1994; six weeks of fighting resulted in about 6,000 deaths and ended after Armenia ceded swathes of Nagorno-Karabakh territory; tensions remained high through 2021, and both sides have accused the other of provocations since the fighting ended; Armenia has accused Azerbaijani forces of a series of border intrusions and of seizing pockets of territory <br><br>Armenia has been a member of the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) since 1994 and contributes troops to CSTO's rapid reaction force"
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}
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},
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"Transnational Issues": {
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@ -1013,10 +1013,10 @@
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},
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"Merchant marine": {
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"total": {
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"text": "234"
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"text": "205"
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},
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"by type": {
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"text": "general cargo 11, oil tanker 4, other 219 (2020)"
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"text": "general cargo 12, oil tanker 4, other 189 (2021)"
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}
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},
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"Ports and terminals": {
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@ -337,24 +337,24 @@
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},
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"School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
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"total": {
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"text": "15 years"
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},
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"male": {
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"text": "16 years"
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},
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"male": {
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"text": "15 years"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "16 years (2019)"
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"text": "16 years (2020)"
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}
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},
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"Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": {
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"total": {
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"text": "30.4%"
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"text": "39.4%"
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},
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"male": {
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"text": "28.9%"
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"text": "40.1%"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "32.9% (2019 est.)"
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"text": "38.3% (2020 est.)"
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}
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}
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},
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@ -946,23 +946,23 @@
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"Communications": {
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"Telephones - fixed lines": {
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"total subscriptions": {
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"text": "518,624"
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"text": "378,498 (2020)"
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},
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"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
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"text": "10.52 (2019 est.)"
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"text": "9.49 (2020 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
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"total subscriptions": {
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"text": "5,384,462"
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"text": "5,100,101 (2020)"
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},
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"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
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"text": "109.27 (2019 est.)"
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"text": "127.9 (2020 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Telecommunication systems": {
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"general assessment": {
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"text": "<p>despite economic challenges, the telecom market is one of Georgia's fastest growth sectors; LTE services cover the majority of citizens; regulators have strategy to introduce 5G; fixed-line telecommunications network has limited coverage outside Tbilisi; multiple mobile-cellular providers provide services to an increasing subscribership throughout the country; broadband subscribers steadily increasing; with investment in infrastructure, customers are moving from copper to fiber networks (2021)</p> (2020)"
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"text": "despite economic challenges, the telecom market is one of Georgia's fastest growth sectors; LTE services cover the majority of citizens; regulators have strategy to introduce 5G; fixed-line telecommunications network has limited coverage outside Tbilisi; multiple mobile-cellular providers provide services to an increasing subscribership throughout the country; broadband subscribers steadily increasing; with investment in infrastructure, customers are moving from copper to fiber networks (2020)"
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},
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"domestic": {
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"text": "fixed-line 13 per 100, cellular telephone networks cover the entire country; mobile-cellular teledensity roughly 135 per 100 persons; intercity facilities include a fiber-optic line between T'bilisi and K'ut'aisi (2019)"
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@ -988,10 +988,10 @@
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},
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"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
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"total": {
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"text": "941,509"
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"text": "997,785 (2020)"
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},
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"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
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"text": "19.11 (2019 est.)"
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"text": "25.01 (2020 est.)"
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}
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}
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},
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@ -1076,10 +1076,10 @@
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},
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"Merchant marine": {
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"total": {
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"text": "81"
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"text": "25"
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},
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"by type": {
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"text": "bulk carrier 2, general cargo 22, oil tanker 2, other 55 (2020)"
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"text": "bulk carrier 2, general cargo 3, other 20 (2021)"
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}
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},
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"Ports and terminals": {
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@ -250,7 +250,7 @@
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"text": "2.77 physicians/1,000 population (2018)"
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},
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"Hospital bed density": {
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"text": "1.3 beds/1,000 population (2018)"
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"text": "1.3 beds/1,000 population (2019)"
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},
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"Sanitation facility access": {
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"improved: urban": {
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@ -310,22 +310,22 @@
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"text": "13 years"
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},
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"male": {
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"text": "13 years"
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"text": "12 years"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "14 years (2013)"
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"text": "14 years (2020)"
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},
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"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data represent Gaza Strip and the West Bank"
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},
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"Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": {
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"total": {
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"text": "40.2%"
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"text": "42.1%"
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},
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"male": {
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"text": "34.8%"
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"text": "36.6%"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "67.2% (2019 est.)"
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"text": "70% (2020 est.)"
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},
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"note": "<strong>note:</strong> includes the West Bank"
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}
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@ -691,6 +691,9 @@
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},
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"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
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"text": "the military wing of HAMAS is armed with light weapons, including an inventory of improvised rocket, anti-tank missile, and mortar capabilities; HAMAS acquires its weapons through smuggling or local construction; Iran provides military support to HAMAS (2020)"
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},
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"Military - note": {
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"text": "<p>since seizing control of the Gaza Strip in 2007, HAMAS has claimed responsibility for numerous rocket attacks into Israel and organized protests at the border between Gaza and Israel, resulting in violent clashes, casualties, and reprisal military actions by the Israel Defense Forces (IDF); HAMAS and Israel fought an 11-day conflict in May of 2021, which ended in an informal truce; sporadic clashes continued through 2021, including incendiary balloon attacks from Gaza and retaliatory IDF strikes; Palestine Islamic Jihad (PIJ) has conducted numerous attacks on Israel since the 1980s, including a barrage of mortar and rocket strikes in 2020, also prompting IDF counter-strikes; see Appendix-T for more details on HAMAS and PIJ</p>"
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}
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},
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"Terrorism": {
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@ -102,7 +102,7 @@
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}
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},
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"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
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"text": "Euphrates (shared with Turkey [s], Syria, and Iraq [m]) - 3,596 km; Tigris (shared with Turkey, Syria, and Iraq [m]) - 1,950 km; Helmand (shared with Afghanistan [s]) - 1,130 km<br><strong>note</strong> – <strong>[s]</strong> after country name indicates river source; <strong>[m]</strong> after country name indicates river mouth"
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"text": "Euphrates (shared with Turkey [s], Syria, and Iraq [m]) - 3,596 km; Tigris (shared with Turkey, Syria, and Iraq [m]) - 1,950 km; Helmand (shared with Afghanistan [s]) - 1,130 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
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},
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"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
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"text": "Indian Ocean drainage: <em>(Persian Gulf)</em> Tigris and Euphrates (918,044 sq km)"
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@ -371,13 +371,13 @@
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},
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"Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": {
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"total": {
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"text": "27.7%"
|
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"text": "23.7%"
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},
|
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"male": {
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"text": "24.4%"
|
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"text": "21.2%"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "40% (2018 est.)"
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"text": "36% (2020 est.)"
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}
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}
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},
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@ -474,7 +474,7 @@
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}
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},
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"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
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"text": "Euphrates (shared with Turkey [s], Syria, and Iraq [m]) - 3,596 km; Tigris (shared with Turkey, Syria, and Iraq [m]) - 1,950 km; Helmand (shared with Afghanistan [s]) - 1,130 km<br><strong>note</strong> – <strong>[s]</strong> after country name indicates river source; <strong>[m]</strong> after country name indicates river mouth"
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"text": "Euphrates (shared with Turkey [s], Syria, and Iraq [m]) - 3,596 km; Tigris (shared with Turkey, Syria, and Iraq [m]) - 1,950 km; Helmand (shared with Afghanistan [s]) - 1,130 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
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},
|
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"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
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"text": "Indian Ocean drainage: <em>(Persian Gulf)</em> Tigris and Euphrates (918,044 sq km)"
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@ -953,23 +953,23 @@
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"Communications": {
|
||||
"Telephones - fixed lines": {
|
||||
"total subscriptions": {
|
||||
"text": "28,954,855"
|
||||
"text": "29,093,587 (2020)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
|
||||
"text": "34.45 (2019 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "34.64 (2020 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
|
||||
"total subscriptions": {
|
||||
"text": "118,061,419"
|
||||
"text": "127,624,951 (2020)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
|
||||
"text": "140.48 (2019 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "152 (2020 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Telecommunication systems": {
|
||||
"general assessment": {
|
||||
"text": "challenged by censorship and international sanctions; large, youthful, tech-savvy demographic with unmet demand; state-owned operators provided special offerings for services during pandemic, driving mobile broadband and deployment of 4G to nearly all of the population; government expanding fiber network and preparing for 5G to grow digital economy and smart city infrastructure; importer of broadcasting and computer equipment from UAE and China (2021) (2020)"
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"text": "challenged by censorship and international sanctions; large, youthful, tech-savvy demographic with unmet demand; state-owned operators provided special offerings for services during pandemic, driving mobile broadband and deployment of 4G to nearly all of the population; government expanding fiber network and preparing for 5G to grow digital economy and smart city infrastructure; importer of broadcasting and computer equipment from UAE and China (2020)"
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},
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"domestic": {
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"text": "35 per 100 for fixed-line and 142 per 100 for mobile-cellular subscriptions; investment by Iran's state-owned telecom company has greatly improved and expanded both the fixed-line and mobile cellular networks; a huge percentage of the cell phones in the market have been smuggled into the country (2019)"
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|
@ -995,10 +995,10 @@
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},
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||||
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "8,771,251"
|
||||
"text": "9,564,195 (2020)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
|
||||
"text": "10.44 (2019 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "11.39 (2020 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
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||||
},
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|
|
@ -1098,10 +1098,10 @@
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|||
},
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||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "877"
|
||||
"text": "893"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 32, container ship 26, general cargo 373, oil tanker 83, other 363 (2020)"
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 32, container ship 31, general cargo 371, oil tanker 84, other 375 (2021)"
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||||
}
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||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -284,7 +284,7 @@
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|||
"text": "4.63 physicians/1,000 population (2018)"
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||||
},
|
||||
"Hospital bed density": {
|
||||
"text": "3 beds/1,000 population (2017)"
|
||||
"text": "3 beds/1,000 population (2018)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Sanitation facility access": {
|
||||
"improved: urban": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -343,21 +343,21 @@
|
|||
"text": "16 years"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"male": {
|
||||
"text": "16 years"
|
||||
"text": "15 years"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"female": {
|
||||
"text": "17 years (2018)"
|
||||
"text": "17 years (2019)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "6.7%"
|
||||
"text": "7.9%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"male": {
|
||||
"text": "6.1%"
|
||||
"text": "7.6%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"female": {
|
||||
"text": "7.2% (2019 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "8.2% (2020 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -986,23 +986,23 @@
|
|||
"Communications": {
|
||||
"Telephones - fixed lines": {
|
||||
"total subscriptions": {
|
||||
"text": "3.14 million"
|
||||
"text": "3.08 million (2020)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
|
||||
"text": "36.8 (2019 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "35.58 (2020 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
|
||||
"total subscriptions": {
|
||||
"text": "11.7 million"
|
||||
"text": "11.4 million (2020)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
|
||||
"text": "137.11 (2019 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "131.7 (2020 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Telecommunication systems": {
|
||||
"general assessment": {
|
||||
"text": "<p>Israel has a highly developed economy with focus on technology products; investment in cyber-security industry and hub for start-ups; near universal broadband delivery to households and mobile penetration; LTE coverage, expanded fiber network with plans for 5G; emergency law allows mobile tracking; importer of broadcast equipment, integrated circuits, and computers from China; submarine cable connectivity to Europe (2021)</p> (2020)"
|
||||
"text": "Israel has a highly developed economy with focus on technology products; investment in cyber-security industry and hub for start-ups; near universal broadband delivery to households and mobile penetration; LTE coverage, expanded fiber network with plans for 5G; emergency law allows mobile tracking; importer of broadcast equipment, integrated circuits, and computers from China; submarine cable connectivity to Europe (2020)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"domestic": {
|
||||
"text": "good system of coaxial cable and microwave radio relay; all systems are digital; competition among both fixed-line and mobile cellular providers results in good coverage countrywide; fixed-line 36 per 100 and 127 per 100 for mobile-cellular subscriptions (2019)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -1028,10 +1028,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "2.481 million"
|
||||
"text": "2,602,079 (2020)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
|
||||
"text": "29.08 (2019 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "30.06 (2020 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -1116,7 +1116,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "41"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "container ship 6, general cargo 3, oil tanker 3, other 29 (2020)"
|
||||
"text": "container ship 6, general cargo 2, oil tanker 4, other 29 (2021)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -96,7 +96,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
|
||||
"text": "Euphrates river mouth (shared with Turkey[s], Syria, and Iran) - 3,596 km; Tigris river mouth (shared with Turkey[s], Syria, and Iran) - 1,950 km; the Tigris and Euphrates join to form the Shatt al Arab<br><strong>note</strong> – <strong>[s]</strong> after country name indicates river source; <strong>[m]</strong> after country name indicates river mouth"
|
||||
"text": "Euphrates river mouth (shared with Turkey[s], Syria, and Iran) - 3,596 km; Tigris river mouth (shared with Turkey[s], Syria, and Iran) - 1,950 km; the Tigris and Euphrates join to form the Shatt al Arab<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
|
||||
"text": "Indian Ocean drainage: <em>(Persian Gulf)</em> Tigris and Euphrates (918,044 sq km)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -455,7 +455,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
|
||||
"text": "Euphrates river mouth (shared with Turkey[s], Syria, and Iran) - 3,596 km; Tigris river mouth (shared with Turkey[s], Syria, and Iran) - 1,950 km; the Tigris and Euphrates join to form the Shatt al Arab<br><strong>note</strong> – <strong>[s]</strong> after country name indicates river source; <strong>[m]</strong> after country name indicates river mouth"
|
||||
"text": "Euphrates river mouth (shared with Turkey[s], Syria, and Iran) - 3,596 km; Tigris river mouth (shared with Turkey[s], Syria, and Iran) - 1,950 km; the Tigris and Euphrates join to form the Shatt al Arab<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
|
||||
"text": "Indian Ocean drainage: <em>(Persian Gulf)</em> Tigris and Euphrates (918,044 sq km)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -977,23 +977,23 @@
|
|||
"Communications": {
|
||||
"Telephones - fixed lines": {
|
||||
"total subscriptions": {
|
||||
"text": "2,859,094"
|
||||
"text": "4,166,461 (2020)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
|
||||
"text": "7.52 (2019 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "10.36 (2020 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
|
||||
"total subscriptions": {
|
||||
"text": "37,224,759"
|
||||
"text": "36,946,600 (2020)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
|
||||
"text": "97.96 (2019 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "91.86 (2020 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Telecommunication systems": {
|
||||
"general assessment": {
|
||||
"text": "<p>the 2003 liberation of Iraq severely disrupted telecommunications throughout the country; widespread government efforts to rebuild domestic and international communications have slowed due to political unrest; recent efforts create stability and developments in 4G and 5G technologies; operators focus on installations of new fiber-optic cables and growth in mobile broadband subscribers; the most popular plans are pre-paid; operators focused on fixing and replacing networks (2020)</p> (2020)"
|
||||
"text": "the 2003 liberation of Iraq severely disrupted telecommunications throughout the country; widespread government efforts to rebuild domestic and international communications have slowed due to political unrest; recent efforts create stability and developments in 4G and 5G technologies; operators focus on installations of new fiber-optic cables and growth in mobile broadband subscribers; the most popular plans are pre-paid; operators focused on fixing and replacing networks (2020)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"domestic": {
|
||||
"text": "the mobile cellular market continues to expand; 3G services offered by three major mobile operators; 4G offered by one operator in Iraqi; conflict has destroyed infrastructure in areas; 7 per 100 for fixed-line and 95 per 100 for mobile-cellular subscriptions (2019)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -1019,10 +1019,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "4,559,053"
|
||||
"text": "5,453,799 (2020)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
|
||||
"text": "12 (2019 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "13.56 (2020 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -1119,7 +1119,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "68"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 1, oil tanker 6, other 61 (2020)"
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 1, oil tanker 6, other 61 (2021)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1130,7 +1130,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Military and Security": {
|
||||
"Military and security forces": {
|
||||
"text": "Ministry of Defense: Iraqi Army, Army Aviation Command, Iraqi Navy, Iraqi Air Force, Iraqi Air Defense Command, Special Forces Command<br><br>National-Level Security Forces: Iraqi Counterterrorism Service (CTS; a Special Forces Division aka the \"Golden Division\"), Prime Minister's Special Forces Division, Presidential Brigades<br><br>Ministry of Interior: Federal Police Forces Command, Border Guard Forces Command, Federal Intelligence and Investigations Agency, Emergency Response Division, Facilities Protection Directorate, and Energy Police Directorate<br> <p>Ministry of Pershmerga (Kurdistan Regional Government): Regional Guard Brigades, Unit (or Division) 70 Forces, Unit (or Division) 80 Forces, special operations/counter-terrorism forces (Counter Terrorism Group, CTG and Counter Terrorism Directorate, CTD); note - Unit 70 and the CTG are associated with the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan (PUK) political party, while Unit 80 and the CTD are associated with the Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP); Ministry of Interior: Zeravani and Emergency Response Forces (paramilitary internal security forces)</p> Popular Mobilization Commission and Affiliated Forces (PMC or PMF); a collection of approximately 60 militias of widely varied sizes and political interests (2021)"
|
||||
"text": "Ministry of Defense: Iraqi Army, Army Aviation Command, Iraqi Navy, Iraqi Air Force, Iraqi Air Defense Command, Special Forces Command, Special Security Division (Green Zone protection)<br><br>National-Level Security Forces: Iraqi Counterterrorism Service (CTS; a Special Forces Division aka the \"Golden Division\"), Prime Minister's Special Forces Division, Presidential Brigades<br><br>Ministry of Interior: Federal Police Forces Command, Border Guard Forces Command, Federal Intelligence and Investigations Agency, Emergency Response Division, Facilities Protection Directorate, and Energy Police Directorate<br> <p>Ministry of Pershmerga (Kurdistan Regional Government): Regional Guard Brigades, Unit (or Division) 70 Forces, Unit (or Division) 80 Forces, special operations/counter-terrorism forces (Counter Terrorism Group, CTG and Counter Terrorism Directorate, CTD); note - Unit 70 and the CTG are associated with the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan (PUK) political party, while Unit 80 and the CTD are associated with the Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP); Ministry of Interior: Zeravani and Emergency Response Forces (paramilitary internal security forces)</p> Popular Mobilization Committee (PMC): Popular Mobilization Forces (PMF), Tribal Mobilization Forces (TMF); the PMF and TMF are a collection of approximately 60 militias of widely varied sizes and political interests (2021)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military expenditures": {
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1174,7 +1174,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "15,169 (Turkey), 7,868 (West Bank and Gaza Strip), 5,061 (Iran) (2020); 248,721 (Syria) (2021)"
|
||||
"text": "15,169 (Turkey), 7,868 (West Bank and Gaza Strip), 5,061 (Iran) (2020); 250,419 (Syria) (2021)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"IDPs": {
|
||||
"text": "1,198,940 (displacement in central and northern Iraq since January 2014) (2021)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -351,10 +351,10 @@
|
|||
"text": "11 years"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"male": {
|
||||
"text": "11 years"
|
||||
"text": "10 years"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"female": {
|
||||
"text": "11 years (2012)"
|
||||
"text": "11 years (2020)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -508,7 +508,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"daylight saving time": {
|
||||
"text": "+1hr, begins last Friday in March; ends last Friday in October"
|
||||
"text": "+1hr, begins last Friday in February; ends last Friday in October"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"etymology": {
|
||||
"text": "in the 13th century B.C., the Ammonites named their main city \"Rabbath Ammon\"; \"rabbath\" designated \"capital,\" so the name meant \"The Capital of [the] Ammon[ites]\"; over time, the \"Rabbath\" came to be dropped and the city became known simply as \"Ammon\" and then \"Amman\""
|
||||
|
|
@ -970,23 +970,23 @@
|
|||
"Communications": {
|
||||
"Telephones - fixed lines": {
|
||||
"total subscriptions": {
|
||||
"text": "355,537"
|
||||
"text": "391,486 (2020)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
|
||||
"text": "3.33 (2019 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "3.84 (2020 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
|
||||
"total subscriptions": {
|
||||
"text": "7,778,770"
|
||||
"text": "6,987,891 (2020)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
|
||||
"text": "72.91 (2019 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "68.49 (2020 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Telecommunication systems": {
|
||||
"general assessment": {
|
||||
"text": "<p>Jordan is host to a growing number of ICT companies and has emerged as a technology start-up hub for the Middle East; recently focused on telecom solutions to pandemic issues such as e-health and education; progress in the digital financial services; economic goals rely on digital economy, developed mobile sector, and extensive LTE infrastructure; preparation for 5G and e-commerce; importer of broadcasting equipment from Vietnam and China (2021)</p> (2020)"
|
||||
"text": "Jordan is host to a growing number of ICT companies and has emerged as a technology start-up hub for the Middle East; recently focused on telecom solutions to pandemic issues such as e-health and education; progress in the digital financial services; economic goals rely on digital economy, developed mobile sector, and extensive LTE infrastructure; preparation for 5G and e-commerce; importer of broadcasting equipment from Vietnam and China (2020)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"domestic": {
|
||||
"text": "1995 a telecommunications law opened all non-fixed-line services to private competition; in 2005, the monopoly over fixed-line services terminated and the entire telecommunications sector was opened to competition; currently fixed-line 4 per 100 persons and multiple mobile-cellular providers with subscribership up to 77 per 100 persons (2019)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -1012,10 +1012,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "457,496"
|
||||
"text": "625,657 (2020)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
|
||||
"text": "4.29 (2019 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "6.13 (2020 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -1094,7 +1094,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "35"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 7, oil tanker 1, other 27 (2020)"
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 6, oil tanker 1, other 28 (2021)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1125,7 +1125,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
|
||||
"text": "the Jordanian Armed Forces (JAF) have approximately 90,000 active personnel (77,000 Army; 500 Navy; 12,500 Air Force); est. 15,000 Gendarmerie Forces (2021)"
|
||||
"text": "approximately 90,000 active JAF personnel (77,000 Army; 500 Navy; 12,500 Air Force); approximately 15,000 Gendarmerie Forces (2021)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
|
||||
"text": "the JAF inventory is comprised of a wide mix of imported weapons, mostly second-hand equipment from Europe, the Gulf States, and the US; since 2010, the Netherlands and the US are the leading suppliers of military hardware to Jordan (2020)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -315,7 +315,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "15 years"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"male": {
|
||||
"text": "14 years"
|
||||
"text": "13 years"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"female": {
|
||||
"text": "16 years (2015)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -906,23 +906,23 @@
|
|||
"Communications": {
|
||||
"Telephones - fixed lines": {
|
||||
"total subscriptions": {
|
||||
"text": "583,463"
|
||||
"text": "583,463 (2020)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
|
||||
"text": "19.73 (2019 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "13.66 (2020 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
|
||||
"total subscriptions": {
|
||||
"text": "7,327,028"
|
||||
"text": "6,770,346 (2020)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
|
||||
"text": "247.76 (2019 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "158.5 (2020 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Telecommunication systems": {
|
||||
"general assessment": {
|
||||
"text": "<p>the quality of service is excellent; new telephone exchanges provide a large capacity for new subscribers; trunk traffic is carried by microwave radio relay, coaxial cable, open-wire, and fiber-optic cable; a 4G LTE mobile-cellular telephone system operates throughout Kuwait; Internet access is available via 4G LTE connections for fixed and mobile users; high ownership levels of smart phones in Kuwait; one of the highest mobile penetration rates in the world; exploring 5G opportunities; improvements to fiber-broadband underway (2020)</p> (2020)"
|
||||
"text": "the quality of service is excellent; new telephone exchanges provide a large capacity for new subscribers; trunk traffic is carried by microwave radio relay, coaxial cable, open-wire, and fiber-optic cable; a 4G LTE mobile-cellular telephone system operates throughout Kuwait; Internet access is available via 4G LTE connections for fixed and mobile users; high ownership levels of smart phones in Kuwait; one of the highest mobile penetration rates in the world; exploring 5G opportunities; improvements to fiber-broadband underway (2020)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"domestic": {
|
||||
"text": "fixed-line subscriptions are 12 per 100 and mobile-cellular stands at 174 per 100 subscriptions (2019)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -948,10 +948,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "84,595"
|
||||
"text": "73,948 (2020)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
|
||||
"text": "2.86 (2019 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "1.73 (2020 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -1022,10 +1022,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "159"
|
||||
"text": "165"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 15, oil tanker 24, other 120 (2020)"
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 15, oil tanker 28, other 122 (2021)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -926,23 +926,23 @@
|
|||
"Communications": {
|
||||
"Telephones - fixed lines": {
|
||||
"total subscriptions": {
|
||||
"text": "882,175"
|
||||
"text": "875,480 (2020)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
|
||||
"text": "15.1 (2019 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "12.83 (2020 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
|
||||
"total subscriptions": {
|
||||
"text": "4,237,962"
|
||||
"text": "4,288,221 (2020)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
|
||||
"text": "72.55 (2019 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "62.83 (2020 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Telecommunication systems": {
|
||||
"general assessment": {
|
||||
"text": "<p>struggling with effects of economic malaise during pandemic and following explosion in Beirut port; Lebanon’s telecom infrastructure is relatively weak, and services are expensive; rural areas are less connected and have power cuts; state retains a monopoly over the Internet backbone and dominant ownership of the telecom industry; government backed improvements to fixed infrastructure; new landlines and fiber-optic networks provide faster DSL; limited 5G services; three international gateways through submarine cables; importer of broadcasting equipment from UAE; UAE investment in tech solutions (2021)</p> (2020)"
|
||||
"text": "struggling with effects of economic malaise during pandemic and following explosion in Beirut port; Lebanon’s telecom infrastructure is relatively weak, and services are expensive; rural areas are less connected and have power cuts; state retains a monopoly over the Internet backbone and dominant ownership of the telecom industry; government backed improvements to fixed infrastructure; new landlines and fiber-optic networks provide faster DSL; limited 5G services; three international gateways through submarine cables; importer of broadcasting equipment from UAE; UAE investment in tech solutions (2020)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"domestic": {
|
||||
"text": "fixed-line 13 per 100 and 62 per 100 for mobile-cellular subscriptions (2019)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -968,10 +968,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "420,000"
|
||||
"text": "432,070 (2020)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
|
||||
"text": "7.19 (2019 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "6.33 (2020 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -1051,10 +1051,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "52"
|
||||
"text": "48"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 2, general cargo 37, oil tanker 1, other 12 (2020)"
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 2, general cargo 31, oil tanker 1, other 14 (2021)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1113,7 +1113,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "479,537 (Palestinian refugees) (2020); 851,717 (Syria) (2021)"
|
||||
"text": "479,537 (Palestinian refugees) (2020); 844,056 (Syria) (2021)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"IDPs": {
|
||||
"text": "7,000 (2020)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -339,13 +339,13 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "14 years"
|
||||
"text": "15 years"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"male": {
|
||||
"text": "14 years"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"female": {
|
||||
"text": "15 years (2019)"
|
||||
"text": "15 years (2020)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -934,23 +934,23 @@
|
|||
"Communications": {
|
||||
"Telephones - fixed lines": {
|
||||
"total subscriptions": {
|
||||
"text": "592,196"
|
||||
"text": "594,550 (2020)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
|
||||
"text": "16.66 (2019 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "12.68 (2020 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
|
||||
"total subscriptions": {
|
||||
"text": "6,383,458"
|
||||
"text": "6,276,535 (2020)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
|
||||
"text": "179.57 (2019 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "133.9 (2020 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Telecommunication systems": {
|
||||
"general assessment": {
|
||||
"text": "<p>modern system consisting of open-wire, microwave, and radiotelephone communication stations; domestic satellite system; progressive mobile sector with both 3G and 4G LTE networks and readiness for 5G launch; competition among mobile operators; government program to improve fiber network; important communications hub in the Middle East, with access to numerous submarine cables enabling increased bandwidth; major importer of broadcasting equipment and computers from UAE (2021)</p> (2020)"
|
||||
"text": "modern system consisting of open-wire, microwave, and radiotelephone communication stations; domestic satellite system; progressive mobile sector with both 3G and 4G LTE networks and readiness for 5G launch; competition among mobile operators; government program to improve fiber network; important communications hub in the Middle East, with access to numerous submarine cables enabling increased bandwidth; major importer of broadcasting equipment and computers from UAE (2020)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"domestic": {
|
||||
"text": "fixed-line 13 per 100 and mobile-cellular 138 per 100, subscribership both increasing with fixed-line phone service gradually being introduced to remote villages using wireless local loop systems (2019)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -976,10 +976,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "473,070"
|
||||
"text": "508,949 (2020)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
|
||||
"text": "13.31 (2019 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "10.85 (2020 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -1059,10 +1059,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "55"
|
||||
"text": "57"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 10, other 45 (2020)"
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 10, other 47 (2021)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1079,7 +1079,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Military and Security": {
|
||||
"Military and security forces": {
|
||||
"text": "Sultan's Armed Forces (SAF): Royal Army of Oman (RAO), Royal Navy of Oman (RNO), Royal Air Force of Oman (RAFO), Royal Guard of Oman (RGO); Royal Oman Police Coast Guard (2021)"
|
||||
"text": "Sultan's Armed Forces (SAF): Royal Army of Oman (RAO), Royal Navy of Oman (RNO), Royal Air Force of Oman (RAFO), Royal Guard of Oman (RGO); Royal Oman Police (ROP): Civil Defense, Immigration, Customs, Royal Oman Police Coast Guard; Internal Security Service (2021)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military expenditures": {
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -313,13 +313,13 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "12 years"
|
||||
"text": "13 years"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"male": {
|
||||
"text": "12 years"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"female": {
|
||||
"text": "14 years (2019)"
|
||||
"text": "15 years (2020)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -929,7 +929,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Telecommunication systems": {
|
||||
"general assessment": {
|
||||
"text": "<p>telecom infrastructure in Qatar demonstrated resilience during the pandemic, following surge in Internet usage; highest fixed-line and mobile penetrations in Middle East with almost 100% LTE coverage; operator deployed 5G across the country with positive subscribership, primarily around Doha; largest user of the Internet in the Middle East; importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2021)</p> (2020)"
|
||||
"text": "telecom infrastructure in Qatar demonstrated resilience during the pandemic, following surge in Internet usage; highest fixed-line and mobile penetrations in Middle East with almost 100% LTE coverage; operator deployed 5G across the country with positive subscribership, primarily around Doha; largest user of the Internet in the Middle East; importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2020)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"domestic": {
|
||||
"text": "fixed-line 16 per 100 and mobile-cellular telephone subscribership 138 telephones per 100 persons (209)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -1020,10 +1020,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "131"
|
||||
"text": "129"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 8, container ship 6, general cargo 5, oil tanker 5, other 107 (2020)"
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 9, container ship 4, general cargo 4, oil tanker 5, other 107 (2021)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1062,6 +1062,9 @@
|
|||
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
|
||||
"text": "the Qatari military's inventory includes a broad mix of older and modern weapons systems, mostly from the US and Europe; in the 2010s, Qatar embarked on an extensive military expansion and modernization program with large air, ground, and naval equipment purchases from European countries, Turkey, and the US (2021)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military deployments": {
|
||||
"text": "in 2021, Turkey agreed to train Qatari fighter pilots and allow the temporary deployment of up to 36 Qatari military aircraft and 250 personnel"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military service age and obligation": {
|
||||
"text": "conscription for males aged 18-35; compulsory service times range from 4 months to up to a year, depending on the cadets educational and professional circumstances; women are permitted to serve in the armed forces, including as uniformed officers and pilots (2019)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -318,24 +318,24 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "17 years"
|
||||
"text": "16 years"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"male": {
|
||||
"text": "16 years"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"female": {
|
||||
"text": "16 years (2019)"
|
||||
"text": "16 years (2020)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "28.8%"
|
||||
"text": "27.2%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"male": {
|
||||
"text": "19.9%"
|
||||
"text": "21.5%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"female": {
|
||||
"text": "62.6% (2018 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "43.8% (2020 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -947,7 +947,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Telecommunication systems": {
|
||||
"general assessment": {
|
||||
"text": "<p>one of the most progressive telecom markets in the Middle East; mobile penetration high, with a saturated market; mobile operators competitive and meeting the demand for workers, students and citizens working from home; Huawei partners with operator to provide 5G to dozens of cities; broadband is available with DSL, fiber, and wireless; mobile penetration is high; restrictive monarchy places limits on information and services available online; authorities operate extensive censorship and surveillance systems; major importer of broadcasting equipment from UAE and China (2020)</p> (2020)"
|
||||
"text": "one of the most progressive telecom markets in the Middle East; mobile penetration high, with a saturated market; mobile operators competitive and meeting the demand for workers, students and citizens working from home; Huawei partners with operator to provide 5G to dozens of cities; broadband is available with DSL, fiber, and wireless; mobile penetration is high; restrictive monarchy places limits on information and services available online; authorities operate extensive censorship and surveillance systems; major importer of broadcasting equipment from UAE and China (2020)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"domestic": {
|
||||
"text": "fixed-line 16 per 100 and mobile-cellular subscribership has been increasing rapidly to 121 per 100 persons (2019)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -1070,10 +1070,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "376"
|
||||
"text": "392"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 5, container ship 1, general cargo 22, oil tanker 61, other 287 (2020)"
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 5, container ship 1, general cargo 21, oil tanker 58, other 307 (2021)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -92,7 +92,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "14,280 sq km (2012)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
|
||||
"text": "Euphrates (shared with Turkey [s], Iran, and Iraq [m]) - 3,596 km; Tigris (shared with Turkey, Iran, and Iraq [m]) - 1,950 km<br><strong>note</strong> – <strong>[s]</strong> after country name indicates river source; <strong>[m]</strong> after country name indicates river mouth"
|
||||
"text": "Euphrates (shared with Turkey [s], Iran, and Iraq [m]) - 3,596 km; Tigris (shared with Turkey, Iran, and Iraq [m]) - 1,950 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
|
||||
"text": "Indian Ocean drainage: <em>(Persian Gulf)</em> Tigris and Euphrates (918,044 sq km)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -434,7 +434,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
|
||||
"text": "Euphrates (shared with Turkey [s], Iran, and Iraq [m]) - 3,596 km; Tigris (shared with Turkey, Iran, and Iraq [m]) - 1,950 km<br><strong>note</strong> – <strong>[s]</strong> after country name indicates river source; <strong>[m]</strong> after country name indicates river mouth"
|
||||
"text": "Euphrates (shared with Turkey [s], Iran, and Iraq [m]) - 3,596 km; Tigris (shared with Turkey, Iran, and Iraq [m]) - 1,950 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
|
||||
"text": "Indian Ocean drainage: <em>(Persian Gulf)</em> Tigris and Euphrates (918,044 sq km)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -941,7 +941,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Telecommunication systems": {
|
||||
"general assessment": {
|
||||
"text": "<p>Syria’s telecom sector has paid a heavy toll from years of civil war and destruction leading to major disruptions to the network; operators focusing on rebuilding damaged networks, though lack of basic infrastructure, including power and security, hamper efforts; fairly high mobile penetration for region; remote areas rely on expensive satellite communications; mobile broadband infrastructure is predominantly 3G for about 85% of the population with some LTE ; international aid network provides emergency Internet and telecom services when necessary; government restrictions of Internet freedom; major importer of broadcasting equipment from UAE (2021)</p> (2020)"
|
||||
"text": "Syria’s telecom sector has paid a heavy toll from years of civil war and destruction leading to major disruptions to the network; operators focusing on rebuilding damaged networks, though lack of basic infrastructure, including power and security, hamper efforts; fairly high mobile penetration for region; remote areas rely on expensive satellite communications; mobile broadband infrastructure is predominantly 3G for about 85% of the population with some LTE ; international aid network provides emergency Internet and telecom services when necessary; government restrictions of Internet freedom; major importer of broadcasting equipment from UAE (2020)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"domestic": {
|
||||
"text": "the number of fixed-line connections increased markedly prior to the civil war in 2011 and now stands at 17 per 100; mobile-cellular service stands at about 114 per 100 persons (2019)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -1061,10 +1061,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "26"
|
||||
"text": "28"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 1, general cargo 11, other 14 (2020)"
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 1, general cargo 11, other 16 (2021)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1091,7 +1091,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "18-42 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service; conscript service obligation is 18 months; women are not conscripted but may volunteer to serve (2019)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military - note": {
|
||||
"text": "the UN Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF) has operated in the Golan between Israel and Syria since 1974 to monitor the ceasefire following the 1973 Arab-Israeli War and supervise the areas of separation between the two countries; as of August 2021, UNDOF consisted of about 1,250 personnel"
|
||||
"text": "the UN Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF) has operated in the Golan between Israel and Syria since 1974 to monitor the ceasefire following the 1973 Arab-Israeli War and supervise the areas of separation between the two countries; as of August 2021, UNDOF consisted of about 1,250 personnel<br> <p>as of 2021, multiple actors were conducting military operations in Syria in support of the ASAD government or Syrian opposition forces, as well in pursuit of their own security goals, such counterterrorism; operations have included air strikes, direct ground combat, and sponsoring proxy forces, as well as providing non-lethal military support, including advisors, technicians, arms and equipment, funding, intelligence, and training:</p> <p><strong>pro-ASAD elements</strong> operating in Syria have included<strong> Lebanese Hezbollah, Iranian, Iranian-backed Shia militia, and Russian forces</strong>; since early in the civil war, the ASAD government has relied on Lebanese Hezbollah, as well as Iran and Iranian-backed forces, for combat operations and to hold territory; Iran has provided military advisors and combat troops from the Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps (including the Qods Force; see Appendix T for further information), as well as intelligence, logistical, material, technical, and financial support; it has funded, trained, equipped, and led Shia militia/paramilitary units comprised of both Syrian and non-Syrian personnel, primarily from Afghanistan, Iraq, and Pakistan; Russia intervened at the request of the ASAD government in 2015 and has since provided air support, special operations forces, military advisors, private military contractors, training, arms, and equipment; Iranian and Russian support has also included assisting Syria in combating the Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS; see Appendix T) terrorist group</p> <p><strong>Turkey </strong>intervened militarily in 2016 to combat Kurdish militants and ISIS, support select Syrian opposition forces, and establish a buffer along portions of its border with Syria; as of 2021, Turkey continued to maintain a considerable military presence in northern Syria; it has armed and trained militia/proxy forces, such as the Syrian National Army, which was formed in late 2017 of Syrian Arab and Turkmen rebel factions in the Halab (Aleppo) province and northwestern Syria</p> <p>the <strong>US and some regional and European states</strong> have at times backed Syrian opposition forces militarily and/or conducted military operations, primarily against ISIS; the US has operated in Syria since 2015 with ground forces and air strikes; as of late 2021, the majority the ground forces were deployed in the Eastern Syria Security Area (ESSA; includes parts of Hasakah and Dayr az Zawr provinces east of the Euphrates River) in support of operations by the Syrian Democratic Forces against ISIS, while the remainder were in southeast Syria around Tanf supporting counter-ISIS operations by the Jaysh Mughawir al-Thawra (MaT, or Revolutionary Commando Army) Syrian opposition force; the US has also conducted air strikes against Syrian military targets in response to Syrian Government use of chemical weapons against opposition forces and civilians; in addition, France, Jordan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the UK have provided forms of military assistance to opposition forces and/or conducted operations against ISIS, including air strikes</p> <p><strong>Israel</strong> has conducted hundreds of military air strikes in Syria, mostly targeting Hezbollah, Iranian, and/or Iranian-backed militia targets</p> <p>the<strong> Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) </strong>are an anti-ASAD regime coalition of forces composed primarily of Kurdish, Sunni Arab, and Syriac Christian fighters; it is dominated and led by Kurdish forces, particularly the People’s Protection Units (YPG) militia; the SDF began to receive US support in 2015 and as of 2021 was the main local US partner in its counter-ISIS campaign; the SDF has internal security, anti-terror, and commando units; Turkey views the SDF as an extension of the Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK), a US-designated terrorist organization (see Appendix T)</p> <p>the <strong>ISIS</strong> terrorist group lost its last territorial stronghold to SDF forces in 2019, but continued to maintain a low-level insurgency through 2021; as of late 2021, the SDF held about 10,000 captured suspected ISIS fighters in detention facilities across northern Syria, including 2,000 from countries other than Iraq and Syria</p> <p>as of 2021, the <strong>Hay'at Tahrir al-Sham </strong>(HTS; formerly known as al-Nusrah Front) terrorist organization (see Appendix T) was the dominate militant group in northwest Syria and asserted considerable influence and control over the so-called Syrian Salvation Government in the Iblib de-escalation zone; as of 2021, the group had an estimated 10,000 fighters</p>"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Terrorism": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1106,7 +1106,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "12,399 (Iraq) (2020); 568,730 (Palestinian Refugees) (2020)"
|
||||
"text": "568,730 (Palestinian Refugees), 12,399 (Iraq)(2020)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"IDPs": {
|
||||
"text": "6.568 million (ongoing civil war since 2011) (2020)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -1114,7 +1114,7 @@
|
|||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "160,000 (2020); note - Syria's stateless population consists of Kurds and Palestinians; stateless persons are prevented from voting, owning land, holding certain jobs, receiving food subsidies or public healthcare, enrolling in public schools, or being legally married to Syrian citizens; in 1962, some 120,000 Syrian Kurds were stripped of their Syrian citizenship, rendering them and their descendants stateless; in 2011, the Syrian Government granted citizenship to thousands of Syrian Kurds as a means of appeasement; however, resolving the question of statelessness is not a priority given Syria's ongoing civil war"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the ongoing civil war has resulted in more than 5.6 million registered Syrian refugees - dispersed in Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, and Turkey - as of July 2021"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the ongoing civil war has resulted in more than 5.6 million registered Syrian refugees - dispersed in Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, and Turkey - as of November 2021"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Trafficking in persons": {
|
||||
"current situation": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -100,7 +100,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
|
||||
"text": "Euphrates river source (shared with Syria, Iran, and Iraq [m]) - 3,596 km; Tigris river source (shared with Syria, Iran, and Iraq [m]) - 1,950 km<br><strong>note</strong> – <strong>[s]</strong> after country name indicates river source; <strong>[m]</strong> after country name indicates river mouth"
|
||||
"text": "Euphrates river source (shared with Syria, Iran, and Iraq [m]) - 3,596 km; Tigris river source (shared with Syria, Iran, and Iraq [m]) - 1,950 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
|
||||
"text": "Indian Ocean drainage: <em>(Persian Gulf)</em> Tigris and Euphrates (918,044 sq km)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -293,7 +293,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "1.85 physicians/1,000 population (2017)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Hospital bed density": {
|
||||
"text": "2.8 beds/1,000 population (2017)"
|
||||
"text": "2.9 beds/1,000 population (2018)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Sanitation facility access": {
|
||||
"improved: urban": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -361,18 +361,18 @@
|
|||
"text": "19 years"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"female": {
|
||||
"text": "18 years (2018)"
|
||||
"text": "18 years (2019)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "25.2%"
|
||||
"text": "25.1%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"male": {
|
||||
"text": "22.4%"
|
||||
"text": "22.5%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"female": {
|
||||
"text": "30.3% (2019 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "29.9% (2020 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -460,7 +460,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Major rivers (by length in km)": {
|
||||
"text": "Euphrates river source (shared with Syria, Iran, and Iraq [m]) - 3,596 km; Tigris river source (shared with Syria, Iran, and Iraq [m]) - 1,950 km<br><strong>note</strong> – <strong>[s]</strong> after country name indicates river source; <strong>[m]</strong> after country name indicates river mouth"
|
||||
"text": "Euphrates river source (shared with Syria, Iran, and Iraq [m]) - 3,596 km; Tigris river source (shared with Syria, Iran, and Iraq [m]) - 1,950 km<br><strong>note</strong> – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Major watersheds (area sq km)": {
|
||||
"text": "Indian Ocean drainage: <em>(Persian Gulf)</em> Tigris and Euphrates (918,044 sq km)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -595,7 +595,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Political parties and leaders": {
|
||||
"text": "Democrat Party or DP [Gultekin UYSAL]<br>Democratic Regions Party or DBP [Sebahat TUNCEL, Mehmet ARSLAN]<br>Felicity Party or SP [Temel KARAMOLLAOGLU]<br>Free Cause Party or HUDAPAR [Ishak SAGLAM]<br>Good Party or TYIi [Meral AKSENER]<br>Grand Unity Party or BBP [Mustafa DESTICI]<br>Justice and Development Party or AKP [Recep Tayyip ERDOGAN]<br>Nation Alliance (CHP, IYI, SP) (electoral alliance)<br>Nationalist Movement Party or MHP [Devlet BAHCELI]<br>People's Alliance (AKP, MHP) (electoral alliance)<br>Patriotic Party or VP [Dogu PERINCEK]<br>Peoples' Democratic Party or HDP [Pervin BULDAN, Sezai TEMELLI]<br>Republican People's Party or CHP [Kemal KILICDAROGLU]",
|
||||
"text": "Democrat Party or DP [Gultekin UYSAL]<br>Democratic Regions Party or DBP [Sebahat TUNCEL, Mehmet ARSLAN]<br>Felicity Party or SP [Temel KARAMOLLAOGLU]<br>Free Cause Party or HUDAPAR [Ishak SAGLAM]<br>Good Party or iYi [Meral AKSENER]<br>Grand Unity Party or BBP [Mustafa DESTICI]<br>Justice and Development Party or AKP [Recep Tayyip ERDOGAN]<br>Nation Alliance (CHP, IYI, SP) (electoral alliance)<br>Nationalist Movement Party or MHP [Devlet BAHCELI]<br>People's Alliance (AKP, MHP) (electoral alliance)<br>Patriotic Party or VP [Dogu PERINCEK]<br>Peoples' Democratic Party or HDP [Pervin BULDAN, Sezai TEMELLI]<br>Republican People's Party or CHP [Kemal KILICDAROGLU]",
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note: </strong> as of December 2018, 83 political parties were legally registered"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"International organization participation": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1005,7 +1005,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Telecommunication systems": {
|
||||
"general assessment": {
|
||||
"text": "<p>following earthquake damage to infrastructure in 2020, telecom sector undergoing rapid modernization and expansion, especially in mobile-cellular services; mobile broadband becoming increasingly popular; near saturation of 4G LTE coverage for the population; strides made with 5G through investment by Huawei and Ericcson; fixed and mobile infrastructure will help to underpin Smart City initiatives; tight government control on social media platforms; importer of broadcasting equipment and computers from China (2021)</p> (2020)"
|
||||
"text": "following earthquake damage to infrastructure in 2020, telecom sector undergoing rapid modernization and expansion, especially in mobile-cellular services; mobile broadband becoming increasingly popular; near saturation of 4G LTE coverage for the population; strides made with 5G through investment by Huawei and Ericcson; fixed and mobile infrastructure will help to underpin Smart City initiatives; tight government control on social media platforms; importer of broadcasting equipment and computers from China (2020)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"domestic": {
|
||||
"text": "additional digital exchanges are permitting a rapid increase in subscribers; the construction of a network of technologically advanced intercity trunk lines, using both fiber-optic cable and digital microwave radio relay, is facilitating communication between urban centers; remote areas are reached by a domestic satellite system; fixed-line 14 per 100 and mobile-cellular teledensity is 97 telephones per 100 persons (2019)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -1125,10 +1125,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "1,216"
|
||||
"text": "1,217"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 50, container ship 42, general cargo 338, oil tanker 121, other 665 (2020)"
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 39, container ship 41, general cargo 317, oil tanker 126, other 694 (2021)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1145,8 +1145,8 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Military and Security": {
|
||||
"Military and security forces": {
|
||||
"text": "Turkish Armed Forces (TSK): Turkish Land Forces (Turk Kara Kuvvetleri), Turkish Naval Forces (Turk Deniz Kuvvetleri; includes naval air and naval infantry), Turkish Air Forces (Turk Hava Kuvvetleri); Ministry of Interior: Gendarmerie of the Turkish Republic, Turkish Coast Guard Command (2021)",
|
||||
"note": "note: in wartime, the Gendarmerie and Coast Guard would be placed under the operational control of the Land Forces and Naval Forces, respectively"
|
||||
"text": "Turkish Armed Forces (TSK): Turkish Land Forces (Turk Kara Kuvvetleri), Turkish Naval Forces (Turk Deniz Kuvvetleri; includes naval air and naval infantry), Turkish Air Forces (Turk Hava Kuvvetleri); Ministry of Interior: Gendarmerie of the Turkish Republic (aka Gendarmerie General Command), Turkish Coast Guard Command (2021)",
|
||||
"note": "note(s) - the Gendarmerie is responsible for the maintenance of the public order in areas that fall outside the jurisdiction of police forces (generally in rural areas); in wartime, the Gendarmerie and Coast Guard would be placed under the operational control of the Land Forces and Naval Forces, respectively"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military expenditures": {
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1172,7 +1172,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "the Turkish Armed Forces inventory is mostly comprised of a mix of domestically-produced and Western weapons systems, although in recent years, Turkey has also acquired some Chinese, Russian, and South Korean equipment; since 2010, the US is the leading provider of armaments to Turkey, followed by Italy, South Korea, and Spain; Turkey has a robust defense industry capable of producing a range of weapons systems for both export and internal use, including armored vehicles, naval vessels, and unmanned aerial platforms, although it is heavily dependent on Western technology; Turkey's defense industry also partners with other countries for defense production (2020)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military deployments": {
|
||||
"text": "est. 200 (Azerbaijan; monitoring cease-fire, clearing mines); 250 Bosnia-Herzegovina (EUFOR); est. 25-35,000 Cyprus; 300 Kosovo (NATO/KFOR); 100 Lebanon (UNIFIL); est. 1,500-2,000 Qatar; est. 200 Somalia (training mission); est. 10-20,000 Syria (2021)",
|
||||
"text": "est. 200 (Azerbaijan; monitoring cease-fire, clearing mines); 250 Bosnia-Herzegovina (EUFOR); est. 25-35,000 Cyprus; 300 Kosovo (NATO/KFOR); 100 Lebanon (UNIFIL); est. 3-5,000 Qatar; est. 200 Somalia (training mission); est. 10-20,000 Syria (2021)",
|
||||
"note": "note(s): between 2016 and 2020, Turkey conducted four major military campaigns in northern Syria; Turkey has deployed troops into northern Iraq on numerous occasions to combat the Kurdistan Worker's Party (PKK), including large operations involving thousands of troops in 2007, 2011, and 2018; its most recent incursions were smaller-scale raids in April and February of 2021; in 2020, Turkey deployed an undetermined number of Turkish military troops and an estimated 3,500-5,000 Syrian fighters to Libya to support the Libyan Government of National Accord (GNA)<br><br>in October of 2021, Turkey’s parliament extended the military’s mandate to launch cross-border operations in Iraq and Syria by two more years"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military service age and obligation": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1194,7 +1194,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "173,250 (Iraq) (asylum seekers), 116,400 (Afghanistan) (asylum seekers), 27,000 (Iran) (asylum seekers) (2020); 3,728,612 (Syria) (2021)"
|
||||
"text": "173,250 (Iraq) (asylum seekers), 116,400 (Afghanistan) (asylum seekers), 27,000 (Iran) (asylum seekers) (2020); 3,735,807 (Syria) (2021)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"IDPs": {
|
||||
"text": "1.099 million (displaced from 1984-2005 because of fighting between the Kurdish PKK and Turkish military; most IDPs are Kurds from eastern and southeastern provinces; no information available on persons displaced by development projects) (2020)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -277,7 +277,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "1.45 physicians/1,000 population (2017)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Hospital bed density": {
|
||||
"text": "1.3 beds/1,000 population (2018)"
|
||||
"text": "1.3 beds/1,000 population (2019)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Sanitation facility access": {
|
||||
"improved: urban": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -337,22 +337,22 @@
|
|||
"text": "13 years"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"male": {
|
||||
"text": "13 years"
|
||||
"text": "12 years"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"female": {
|
||||
"text": "14 years (2019)"
|
||||
"text": "14 years (2020)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data represent Gaza Strip and the West Bank"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "40.2%"
|
||||
"text": "42.1%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"male": {
|
||||
"text": "34.8%"
|
||||
"text": "36.6%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"female": {
|
||||
"text": "67.2% (2019 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "70% (2020 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> includes Gaza Strip"
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
@ -849,7 +849,8 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Military and Security": {
|
||||
"Military and security forces": {
|
||||
"text": "per the Oslo Accords, the PA is not permitted a conventional military but maintains security and police forces; PA security personnel have operated almost exclusively in the West Bank since HAMAS seized power in the Gaza Strip in 2007; PA forces include National Security Forces, Presidential Guard, Civil Police, Civil Defense, Preventative Security Service, the General Intelligence Organization, and the Military Intelligence Organization (2021)"
|
||||
"text": "per the Oslo Accords, the PA is not permitted a conventional military but maintains security and police forces; PA security personnel have operated almost exclusively in the West Bank since HAMAS seized power in the Gaza Strip in 2007; PA forces include National Security Forces, Presidential Guard, Civil Police, Civil Defense, Preventative Security Service, the General Intelligence Organization, and the Military Intelligence Organization (2021)",
|
||||
"note": "note(s) - the National Security Forces conduct gendarmerie-style security operations in circumstances that exceed the capabilities of the civil police; it is the largest branch of the Palestinian Authority security service and acts as the Palestinian army; the Presidential Guard protects facilities and provides dignitary protection; the Preventive Security Organization is responsible for internal intelligence gathering and investigations related to internal security cases, including political dissent"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
|
||||
"text": "the Palestinian Authority Security Forces have approximately 30,000 active personnel (2020)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -986,7 +986,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Telecommunication systems": {
|
||||
"general assessment": {
|
||||
"text": "<p>large percent of the population is in need of humanitarian assistance and telecom services are vital but disrupted; mobile towers are often deliberately targeted; maintenance is dangerous to staff; aid organizations rely on satellite and radio communications; scarcity of telecom equipment in rural areas; ownership of telecom services and the related revenues and taxes have become a political issue; Chinese company Huawei helping to rebuild some equipment (2020)</p> (2020)"
|
||||
"text": "large percent of the population is in need of humanitarian assistance and telecom services are vital but disrupted; mobile towers are often deliberately targeted; maintenance is dangerous to staff; aid organizations rely on satellite and radio communications; scarcity of telecom equipment in rural areas; ownership of telecom services and the related revenues and taxes have become a political issue; Chinese company Huawei helping to rebuild some equipment (2020)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"domestic": {
|
||||
"text": "the national network consists of microwave radio relay, cable, tropospheric scatter, GSM and CDMA mobile-cellular telephone systems; fixed-line teledensity remains low by regional standards at 4 per 100 but mobile cellular use expanding at 55 per 100 (2019)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -1095,10 +1095,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "33"
|
||||
"text": "34"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 2, oil tanker 4, other 27 (2020)"
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 2, oil tanker 4, other 28 (2021)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1141,6 +1141,9 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Military service age and obligation": {
|
||||
"text": "18 is the legal minimum age for voluntary military service; conscription abolished in 2001; 2-year service obligation (note - limited information since the start of the civil war) (2019)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military - note": {
|
||||
"text": "<p>in 2015, a Saudi-led coalition of Arab states intervened militarily in Yemen in support of the Republic of Yemen Government (ROYG) against the separatist Huthis; as of late 2021, the conflict had become largely stalemated, but the coalition (consisting largely of Saudi forces), ROYG forces, and the Huthis continued to engage in fighting, mostly with air and missile forces, although heavy ground fighting was also taking place over the key oil-rich province of Marib; the Saudis have conducted numerous air strikes in northern Yemen, while the Huthis have launched attacks into Saudi territory with ballistic missiles and unmanned aerial vehicles armed with explosives; Saudi Arabia also has raised and equipped paramilitary/militia security forces in Yemen based largely on tribal or regional affiliation to deploy along the Saudi-Yemen border, especially the areas bordering the governorates of Saada and Al-Jawf; as of late 2021, the Saudi-led coalition continued to control Yemen’s airspace and the port of Hodeida</p> <p>the United Arab Emirates (UAE) intervened in Yemen in 2015 as part of the Saudi-led coalition with about 3,500 troops, as well as supporting air and naval forces; UAE withdrew its main military force from Yemen in 2019, but has retained a small military presence while working with proxies in southern Yemen, most notably the Southern Transitional Council (STC); as of 2021, UAE had recruited, trained, and equipped an estimated 150-200,000 Yemeni fighters and formed them into dozens of militia and paramilitary units</p>"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Terrorism": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1155,7 +1158,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "113,549 (Somalia), 16,649 (Ethiopia) (2021)"
|
||||
"text": "113,845 (Somalia), 16,971 (Ethiopia) (2021)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"IDPs": {
|
||||
"text": "4,002,012 (conflict in Sa'ada Governorate; clashes between al-Qa'ida in the Arabian Peninsula and government forces) (2020)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Add table
Add a link
Reference in a new issue