the Angolan Armed Forces were created in 1991 under the Bicesse Accords signed between the Angolan Government and the National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA); the name remained even after UNITA rejected the 1992 election results and returned to fighting against the Angolan Government
the Angolan Armed Forces are responsible for external security but also have domestic security responsibilities, including border security, expulsion of irregular migrants, and small-scale actions against groups like the Front for the Liberation of the Enclave of Cabinda separatists in Cabinda
" } }, "Transnational Issues": { @@ -1185,7 +1188,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "37,427 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (refugees and asylum seekers), 9,272 (Guinea), 6,357 (Cote d'Ivoire), 5,725 (Mauritania) (2021)" + "text": "37,427 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (refugees and asylum seekers), 9,272 (Guinea), 6,357 (Cote d'Ivoire), 5,725 (Mauritania) (2021)" } }, "Illicit drugs": { diff --git a/africa/bc.json b/africa/bc.json index 8d409f79..a82ab478 100644 --- a/africa/bc.json +++ b/africa/bc.json @@ -85,15 +85,15 @@ "Irrigated land": { "text": "20 sq km (2012)" }, + "Major rivers (by length in km)": { + "text": "Zambezi (shared with Zambia [s]), Angola, Namibia, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique [m]) - 2,740 km; Limpopo (shared with South Africa [s], Zimbabwe, and Mozambique [m]) - 1,800 km; Okavango river mouth (shared with Angola [s], and Namibia) - 1,600 km
note – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth
Zambezi (shared with Zambia [s]), Angola, Namibia, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique [m]) - 2,740 km; Limpopo (shared with South Africa [s], Zimbabwe, and Mozambique [m]) - 1,800 km; Okavango river mouth (shared with Angola [s], and Namibia) - 1,600 km
note – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth
Zambezi (shared with Zambia [s]), Angola, Namibia, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique [m]) - 2,740 km; Limpopo (shared with South Africa [s], Zimbabwe, and Mozambique [m]) - 1,800 km; Okavango river mouth (shared with Angola [s], and Namibia) - 1,600 km
note – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth
Zambezi (shared with Zambia [s]), Angola, Namibia, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique [m]) - 2,740 km; Limpopo (shared with South Africa [s], Zimbabwe, and Mozambique [m]) - 1,800 km; Okavango river mouth (shared with Angola [s], and Namibia) - 1,600 km
note – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth
Bechuanaland/Botswana did not have a permanent military during colonial times, with the British colonial administrators relying instead on small, lightly armed constabularies such as the Bechuanaland Mounted Police, the Bechuanaland Border Police, and by the early 1960s, the Police Mobile Unit (PMU); after independence in 1966, Botswana militarized the PMU and gave it responsibility for the country’s defense rather than create a conventional military force; however, turmoil in neighboring countries and numerous cross-border incursions by Rhodesian and South African security forces demonstrated that the PMU was inadequate for defending the country and led to the establishment of the BDF in 1977; as of 2021, the BDF’s primary missions included securing territorial integrity/border security and internal duties such as disaster relief and anti-poaching
as of 2021, the Army was comprised of approximately 4 small combat brigades (2 infantry, 1 light armored, 1 artillery), while the Air Force had 1 fighter/ground attack squadron; Botswana has no navy, but the Army has a marine unit with boats and other river craft for patrolling the country’s numerous waterways, particularly the Chobe River and Okavango swamps
Botswana participates in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) Standby Force, and in 2021 contributed nearly 300 troops to the SADC’s effort to help the Mozambique Government suppress an insurgency
" } }, "Transnational Issues": { diff --git a/africa/bn.json b/africa/bn.json index a1b8a821..78d513b0 100644 --- a/africa/bn.json +++ b/africa/bn.json @@ -284,7 +284,7 @@ "text": "0.08 physicians/1,000 population (2018)" }, "Hospital bed density": { - "text": "0.5 beds/1,000 population (2010)" + "text": "0.5 beds/1,000 population" }, "Sanitation facility access": { "improved: urban": { @@ -368,13 +368,13 @@ }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { "total": { - "text": "5.6%" + "text": "3.9%" }, "male": { - "text": "5.2%" + "text": "3.2%" }, "female": { - "text": "5.9% (2011 est.)" + "text": "4.5% (2018 est.)" } } }, @@ -1101,7 +1101,7 @@ "text": "6" }, "by type": { - "text": "other 6 (2020)" + "text": "other 6 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1150,7 +1150,7 @@ "text": "18-35 years of age for selective compulsory and voluntary military service; a higher education diploma is required; both sexes are eligible for military service; conscript tour of duty - 18 months (2019)" }, "Military - note": { - "text": "Benin participates in the Multinational Joint Task Force (MNJTF) against Boko Haram along with Cameroon, Chad, Niger, and Nigeria; the Benin military contingent is in charge of MNJTF garrison duties (2021)" + "text": "as of 2021, Benin participated in the Multinational Joint Task Force (MNJTF) against Boko Haram along with Cameroon, Chad, Niger, and Nigeria; the Benin military contingent is in charge of MNJTF garrison dutiesthe FAB has a close working relationship with the Belgian armed forces; the Belgians offer advice, training, and secondhand equipment donations, and deploy to Benin for limited military exercises
" } }, "Terrorism": { diff --git a/africa/by.json b/africa/by.json index 9c9cbb7a..57accf69 100644 --- a/africa/by.json +++ b/africa/by.json @@ -85,16 +85,13 @@ "Irrigated land": { "text": "230 sq km (2012)" }, - "Major watersheds (area sq km)": { - "text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Congo (3,730,881 sq km), (Mediterranean Sea) Nile (3,254,853 sq km)" - }, "Major lakes (area sq km)": { "Fresh water lake(s)": { "text": "Lake Tanganyika (shared with Democratic Republic of Congo, Tanzania, and Zambia) - 32,000 sq km" } }, - "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Nile (shared with Egypt, Sudan, South Sudan, Uganda, Rwanda, and Tanzania) - 6,650 km;" + "Major watersheds (area sq km)": { + "text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Congo (3,730,881 sq km), (Mediterranean Sea) Nile (3,254,853 sq km)" }, "Population distribution": { "text": "one of Africa's most densely populated countries; concentrations tend to be in the north and along the northern shore of Lake Tanganyika in the west; most people live on farms near areas of fertile volcanic soil as shown in this population distribution map" @@ -132,7 +129,7 @@ "note": "note: data represent languages read and written by people 10 years of age or older; spoken Kirundi is nearly universal" }, "Religions": { - "text": "Roman Catholic 62.1%, Protestant 23.9% (includes Adventist 2.3% and other Protestant 21.6%), Muslim 2.5%, other 3.6%, unspecified 7.9% (2008 est.)" + "text": "Roman Catholic 58.6%, Protestant 35.3% (includes Adventist 2.7% and other Protestant 32.6%), Muslim 3.4%, other 1.3%, none 1.3% (2016-17 est.)" }, "Demographic profile": { "text": "Burundi is a densely populated country with a high population growth rate, factors that combined with land scarcity and poverty place a large share of its population at risk of food insecurity. About 90% of the population relies on subsistence agriculture. Subdivision of land to sons, and redistribution to returning refugees, results in smaller, overworked, and less productive plots. Food shortages, poverty, and a lack of clean water contribute to a 60% chronic malnutrition rate among children. A lack of reproductive health services has prevented a significant reduction in Burundi’s maternal mortality and fertility rates, which are both among the world’s highest. With two-thirds of its population under the age of 25 and a birth rate of about 6 children per woman, Burundi’s population will continue to expand rapidly for decades to come, putting additional strain on a poor country.
Historically, migration flows into and out of Burundi have consisted overwhelmingly of refugees from violent conflicts. In the last decade, more than a half million Burundian refugees returned home from neighboring countries, mainly Tanzania. Reintegrating the returnees has been problematic due to their prolonged time in exile, land scarcity, poor infrastructure, poverty, and unemployment. Repatriates and existing residents (including internally displaced persons) compete for limited land and other resources. To further complicate matters, international aid organizations reduced their assistance because they no longer classified Burundi as a post-conflict country. Conditions have deteriorated since renewed violence erupted in April 2015, causing another outpouring of refugees. In addition to refugee out-migration, Burundi has hosted thousands of refugees from neighboring countries, mostly from the Democratic Republic of the Congo and lesser numbers from Rwanda.
" @@ -480,9 +477,6 @@ "text": "Lake Tanganyika (shared with Democratic Republic of Congo, Tanzania, and Zambia) - 32,000 sq km" } }, - "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Nile (shared with Egypt, Sudan, South Sudan, Uganda, Rwanda, and Tanzania) - 6,650 km;" - }, "Major watersheds (area sq km)": { "text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Congo (3,730,881 sq km), (Mediterranean Sea) Nile (3,254,853 sq km)" }, @@ -983,18 +977,18 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "20,936" + "text": "18,300 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "less than 1 (2019 est.)" + "text": "less than 1 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "6,532,039" + "text": "6,631,154 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "56.7 (2019 est.)" + "text": "55.77 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { @@ -1025,10 +1019,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "3,891" + "text": "4,230 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "less than 1 (2018 est.)" + "text": "less than 1 (2020 est.)" } } }, diff --git a/africa/cd.json b/africa/cd.json index 149bf255..5fb6c785 100644 --- a/africa/cd.json +++ b/africa/cd.json @@ -85,17 +85,17 @@ "Irrigated land": { "text": "300 sq km (2012)" }, + "Major lakes (area sq km)": { + "Fresh water lake(s)": { + "text": "Lake Chad (endorheic lake shared with Niger, Nigeria, and Cameroon) - 10,360-25,900 sq kmChad’s inadequate telecom infrastructure, corruption, and high taxes hinder penetration in fixed, mobile, and Internet sectors; with tax reform, operators are investing in voice and data infrastructure to 3G/4G; government approved telecom infrastructure upgrade; World Bank-funded Central African Backbone (CAB) project; Trans-Saharan Backbone project will link a fiber cable to Nigeria and Algeria (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "Chad’s inadequate telecom infrastructure, corruption, and high taxes hinder penetration in fixed, mobile, and Internet sectors; with tax reform, operators are investing in voice and data infrastructure to 3G/4G; government approved telecom infrastructure upgrade; World Bank-funded Central African Backbone (CAB) project; Trans-Saharan Backbone project will link a fiber cable to Nigeria and Algeria (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line connections less than 1 per 100 persons, with mobile-cellular subscribership base of about 48 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1023,10 +1023,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "68" + "text": "0 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "less than 1 (2018 est.)" + "text": "0 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1099,8 +1099,8 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "Chadian National Army (Armee Nationale du Tchad, ANT): Ground Forces (l'Armee de Terre, AdT), Chadian Air Force (l'Armee de l'Air Tchadienne, AAT), General Direction of the Security Services of State Institutions (Direction Generale des Services de Securite des Institutions de l'Etat, GDSSIE); National Gendarmerie; National Nomadic Guard of Chad (GNNT) (2021)", - "note": "note(s): the GDSSIE, formerly known as the Republican Guard, is the presidential guard force and is considered to be Chad's elite military unit; it is reportedly a division-size unit with infantry, armor, and special forces/anti-terrorism regiments (known as the Special Anti-Terrorist Group or SATG, aka Division of Special Anti-Terrorist Groups or DGSAT)" + "text": "Chadian National Army (Armee Nationale du Tchad, ANT): Ground Forces (l'Armee de Terre, AdT), Chadian Air Force (l'Armee de l'Air Tchadienne, AAT), General Direction of the Security Services of State Institutions (Direction Generale des Services de Securite des Institutions de l'Etat, GDSSIE); National Gendarmerie; Ministry of Public Security and Immigration: National Nomadic Guard of Chad (GNNT), national police (2021)", + "note": "note(s) - the GDSSIE, formerly known as the Republican Guard, is the presidential guard force and is considered to be Chad's elite military unit; it is reportedly a division-size unit with infantry, armor, and special forces/anti-terrorism regiments (known as the Special Anti-Terrorist Group or SATG, aka Division of Special Anti-Terrorist Groups or DGSAT)" }, "Military expenditures": { "Military Expenditures 2020": { @@ -1148,10 +1148,10 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "373,080 (Sudan), 121,036 (Central African Republic), 18,600 (Nigeria), 7,956 (Cameroon) (2021)" + "text": "374,804 (Sudan), 121,243 (Central African Republic), 18,995 (Nigeria), 8,841 (Cameroon) (2021)" }, "IDPs": { - "text": "401,511 (majority are in the east) (2021)" + "text": "406,573 (majority are in the east) (2021)" } }, "Trafficking in persons": { diff --git a/africa/cf.json b/africa/cf.json index 77f718a8..d438963f 100644 --- a/africa/cf.json +++ b/africa/cf.json @@ -93,15 +93,15 @@ "Irrigated land": { "text": "20 sq km (2012)" }, + "Major rivers (by length in km)": { + "text": "Ubangi (shared with Central African Republic [s] and Democratic Republic of Congo [m]) - 2,270 kmsuffering from economic challenges of stimulating recovery and reducing poverty; primary network consists of microwave radio relay and coaxial cable with services barely adequate for government use; key exchanges are in Brazzaville, Pointe-Noire, and Loubomo; intercity lines frequently out of order; youth are seeking the Internet more than their parents and often gain access through cyber cafes; only the most affluent have Internet access in their homes; operator has plans to upgrade national broadband through fiber link to WACS landing station at Pointe-Noire with connections to Angola and DRC; fiber network project with aims to connect north and south regions; DRC operator added fiber link between Brazzaville and Kinshasa (2020)
(2020)" + "text": "suffering from economic challenges of stimulating recovery and reducing poverty; primary network consists of microwave radio relay and coaxial cable with services barely adequate for government use; key exchanges are in Brazzaville, Pointe-Noire, and Loubomo; intercity lines frequently out of order; youth are seeking the Internet more than their parents and often gain access through cyber cafes; only the most affluent have Internet access in their homes; operator has plans to upgrade national broadband through fiber link to WACS landing station at Pointe-Noire with connections to Angola and DRC; fiber network project with aims to connect north and south regions; DRC operator added fiber link between Brazzaville and Kinshasa (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line infrastructure inadequate, providing less than 1 fixed-line connection per 100 persons; in the absence of an adequate fixed-line infrastructure, mobile-cellular subscribership has surged to 95 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1031,6 +1031,14 @@ "percent of population": { "text": "8.65% (July 2018 est.)" } + }, + "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { + "total": { + "text": "500 (2014)" + }, + "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { + "text": "less than 1 (2014 est.)" + } } }, "Transportation": { @@ -1115,7 +1123,7 @@ "text": "11" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 1, oil tanker 1, other 9 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 1, oil tanker 1, other 9 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1160,6 +1168,9 @@ }, "Military service age and obligation": { "text": "18 years of age for voluntary military service; women may serve in the Armed Forces (2019)" + }, + "Military - note": { + "text": "as of 2021, that FAC had limited capabilities due to obsolescent and poorly maintained equipment and low levels of training; its primary focus was internal security; since its creation in 1961, the FAC has had a turbulent history; it has been sidelined by some national leaders in favor of personal militias, endured an internal rebellion (1996), and clashed with various rebel groups and political or ethnic militias (1993-1996, 2002-2005, 2017); during the 1997-1999 civil war, the military generally split along ethnic lines, with most northern officers supporting eventual winner SASSOU-Nguesso, and most southerners backing the rebels; others joined ethnic-based factions loyal to regional warlords; forces backing SASSOU-Nguesso were supported by Angolan troops and received some French assistance; the FAC also has undergone at least three reorganizations that included the incorporation of former rebel combatants and various ethnic and political militias; in recent years, France has provided some advice and training, and a military cooperation agreement was signed with Russia in 2019
" } }, "Transnational Issues": { @@ -1168,7 +1179,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "22,098 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (refugees and asylum seekers), 27,755 (Central African Republic) (2021)" + "text": "20,371 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (refugees and asylum seekers), 28,825 (Central African Republic) (2021)" }, "IDPs": { "text": "304,430 (multiple civil wars since 1992) (2021)" diff --git a/africa/cg.json b/africa/cg.json index 2935f5a1..ae06d54a 100644 --- a/africa/cg.json +++ b/africa/cg.json @@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ } }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Nile (shared with Sudan, South Sudan, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Egypt, Burundi, Rwanda, Uganda, and Tanzania) - 6,650 km; Congo (shared with Angola, and Republic of Congo) - 4,700 km; Ubangi (shared with Central African Republic and Republic of Congo) - 2,270 km; " + "text": "Congo river mouth (shared with Zambia [s], Angola, and Republic of Congo) - 4,700 km; Ubangi river mouth (shared with Central African Republic [s] and Republic of Congo) - 2,270 kmdue to decades of conflict and poor infrastructure, the Democratic Republic of Congo’s telecom system is one of the least developed in the region; government aims to improve loose regulation through legislation; mobile networks are principal providers of telecom; LTE is geographically limited; investment from China and other foreign donors for fiber backbone; international bandwidth through WACS submarine cable; operator licensed to build landing station for submarine cable and tower upgrade that will provide competition in broadband, fixed, and mobile Internet services; operator added fiber link between Brazzaville and Kinshasa (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "due to decades of conflict and poor infrastructure, the Democratic Republic of Congo’s telecom system is one of the least developed in the region; government aims to improve loose regulation through legislation; mobile networks are principal providers of telecom; LTE is geographically limited; investment from China and other foreign donors for fiber backbone; international bandwidth through WACS submarine cable; operator licensed to build landing station for submarine cable and tower upgrade that will provide competition in broadband, fixed, and mobile Internet services; operator added fiber link between Brazzaville and Kinshasa (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line connections less than 1 per 100 persons; given the backdrop of a wholly inadequate fixed-line infrastructure, the use of mobile-cellular services is over 43 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1052,10 +1060,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "4,620" + "text": "11,900 (2019)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "less than 1 (2018 est.)" + "text": "less than 1 (2019 est.)" } } }, @@ -1153,10 +1161,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "21" + "text": "22" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 4, oil tanker 2, other 15 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 4, oil tanker 2, other 16 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1215,7 +1223,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "211,259 (Rwanda) (refugees and asylum seekers), 206,346 (Central African Republic), 55,953 (South Sudan) (refugees and asylum seekers), 40,601 (Burundi) (2021)" + "text": "210,939 (Rwanda) (refugees and asylum seekers), 221,531 (Central African Republic), 56,531 (South Sudan) (refugees and asylum seekers), 42,025 (Burundi) (2021)" }, "IDPs": { "text": "5.268 million (fighting between government forces and rebels since mid-1990s; conflict in Kasai region since 2016) (2020)" diff --git a/africa/cm.json b/africa/cm.json index d17969b3..3a629a53 100644 --- a/africa/cm.json +++ b/africa/cm.json @@ -294,7 +294,7 @@ "text": "0.09 physicians/1,000 population (2011)" }, "Hospital bed density": { - "text": "1.3 beds/1,000 population (2010)" + "text": "1.3 beds/1,000 population" }, "Sanitation facility access": { "improved: urban": { @@ -1019,23 +1019,23 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "856,411" + "text": "883,015 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "3.17 (2019 est.)" + "text": "3.33 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "21,400,736" + "text": "25,245,134 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "79.31 (2019 est.)" + "text": "95.1 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "Cameroon’s 3G and LTE services are improving through growing competition and a government program to improve national connectivity and support digital economy; saturated use of transactions through m-commerce; developing broadband sector; improved submarine and terrestrial cable connectivity strengthened international bandwidth and lowered prices; pushing start of fiber link to Congo; fiber rollout continues with new government funding; operators opened new data center in 2020 and developed contracts for satellite broadband; government awarded contract to provide connectivity to universities (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "Cameroon’s 3G and LTE services are improving through growing competition and a government program to improve national connectivity and support digital economy; saturated use of transactions through m-commerce; developing broadband sector; improved submarine and terrestrial cable connectivity strengthened international bandwidth and lowered prices; pushing start of fiber link to Congo; fiber rollout continues with new government funding; operators opened new data center in 2020 and developed contracts for satellite broadband; government awarded contract to provide connectivity to universities (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "only about 4 per 100 persons for fixed-line subscriptions; mobile-cellular usage has increased sharply, reaching a subscribership base of over 82 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1061,10 +1061,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "400,929" + "text": "713,845 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "1.49 less than 1 (2019 est.)" + "text": "2.69 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1150,10 +1150,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "61" + "text": "94" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 1, general cargo 34, oil tanker 2, other 24 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 3, container ship 1,general cargo 35, oil tanker 24, other 31 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/africa/cn.json b/africa/cn.json index 0d792240..6c148dcd 100644 --- a/africa/cn.json +++ b/africa/cn.json @@ -271,9 +271,6 @@ "Physicians density": { "text": "0.27 physicians/1,000 population (2016)" }, - "Hospital bed density": { - "text": "2.2 beds/1,000 population (2010)" - }, "Sanitation facility access": { "improved: urban": { "text": "urban: 62.4% of population" @@ -990,10 +987,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "244" + "text": "236" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 7, container ship 9, general cargo 105, oil tanker 28, other 95 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 8, container ship 7, general cargo 112, oil tanker 31, other 78 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/africa/ct.json b/africa/ct.json index e029be13..b4c4f9eb 100644 --- a/africa/ct.json +++ b/africa/ct.json @@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ "text": "10 sq km (2012)" }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Ubangi (shared with Democratic Republic of Congo and Republic of Congo) - 2,270 km; " + "text": "Ubangi river source (shared with Democratic Republic of Congo and Republic of Congo [m]) - 2,270 km" } }, "Transnational Issues": { @@ -1123,10 +1123,10 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "5,774 (Democratic Republic of Congo) (2021)" + "text": "5,570 (Democratic Republic of Congo) (2021)" }, "IDPs": { - "text": "727,161 (clashes between army and rebel groups since 2005; tensions between ethnic groups) (2021)" + "text": "722,101 (clashes between army and rebel groups since 2005; tensions between ethnic groups) (2021)" } } } diff --git a/africa/cv.json b/africa/cv.json index a2cc6bad..5fa048f5 100644 --- a/africa/cv.json +++ b/africa/cv.json @@ -271,7 +271,7 @@ "text": "0.78 physicians/1,000 population (2015)" }, "Hospital bed density": { - "text": "2.1 beds/1,000 population (2010)" + "text": "2.1 beds/1,000 population" }, "Sanitation facility access": { "improved: urban": { @@ -923,18 +923,18 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "57,511" + "text": "57,668 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "10.01 (2019 est.)" + "text": "10.37 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "595,681" + "text": "544,729 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "103.63 (2019 est.)" + "text": "97.98 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { @@ -965,10 +965,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "19,066" + "text": "24,839 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "3.32 (2019 est.)" + "text": "4.47 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1025,10 +1025,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "43" + "text": "46" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 16, oil tanker 2, other 25 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 16, oil tanker 3, other 27 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1066,6 +1066,9 @@ }, "Military service age and obligation": { "text": "18-35 years of age for male and female selective compulsory military service; 2-years conscript service obligation; 17 years of age for voluntary service (with parental consent) (2019)" + }, + "Military - note": { + "text": "
as of 2021, the FACV/National Guard was mostly a ground force with 2 infantry battalions and a small air component with a maritime patrol squadron; the Coast Guard had a few coastal patrol craft and patrol boats
" } }, "Transnational Issues": { diff --git a/africa/dj.json b/africa/dj.json index ca00b029..b2da3e00 100644 --- a/africa/dj.json +++ b/africa/dj.json @@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ "text": "French (official), Arabic (official), Somali, Afar" }, "Religions": { - "text": "Sunni Muslim 94% (nearly all Djiboutians), Christian 6% (mainly foreign-born residents)" + "text": "Sunni Muslim 94% (nearly all Djiboutians), other 6% (mainly foreign-born residents - Shia Muslim, Christian, Hindu, Jewish, Baha'i, and atheist)" }, "Demographic profile": { "text": "Djibouti is a poor, predominantly urban country, characterized by high rates of illiteracy, unemployment, and childhood malnutrition. More than 75% of the population lives in cities and towns (predominantly in the capital, Djibouti). The rural population subsists primarily on nomadic herding. Prone to droughts and floods, the country has few natural resources and must import more than 80% of its food from neighboring countries or Europe. Health care, particularly outside the capital, is limited by poor infrastructure, shortages of equipment and supplies, and a lack of qualified personnel. More than a third of health care recipients are migrants because the services are still better than those available in their neighboring home countries. The nearly universal practice of female genital cutting reflects Djibouti’s lack of gender equality and is a major contributor to obstetrical complications and its high rates of maternal and infant mortality. A 1995 law prohibiting the practice has never been enforced.
Because of its political stability and its strategic location at the confluence of East Africa and the Gulf States along the Gulf of Aden and the Red Sea, Djibouti is a key transit point for migrants and asylum seekers heading for the Gulf States and beyond. Each year some hundred thousand people, mainly Ethiopians and some Somalis, journey through Djibouti, usually to the port of Obock, to attempt a dangerous sea crossing to Yemen. However, with the escalation of the ongoing Yemen conflict, Yemenis began fleeing to Djibouti in March 2015, with almost 20,000 arriving by August 2017. Most Yemenis remain unregistered and head for Djibouti City rather than seeking asylum at one of Djibouti’s three spartan refugee camps. Djibouti has been hosting refugees and asylum seekers, predominantly Somalis and lesser numbers of Ethiopians and Eritreans, at camps for 20 years, despite lacking potable water, food shortages, and unemployment.
" @@ -960,7 +960,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "Djibouti has a poor domestic infrastructure and a monopolized telecom system relying on microwave radio relay; rural areas connected via wireless local loop; mobile coverage limited to Djibouti city; despite challenges, foreign investment lends progress toward improvements; one of the best international fiber cables in the region, the Djibouti Internet Exchange, is a meeting point for cable systems passing between the Red Sea and Indian Ocean; national operator managed the Australia West Cable landing and signed an agreement for IP traffic through Paris and Marseille; international operator signed MoU for extension of cable from the Gulf to Djibouti (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "Djibouti has a poor domestic infrastructure and a monopolized telecom system relying on microwave radio relay; rural areas connected via wireless local loop; mobile coverage limited to Djibouti city; despite challenges, foreign investment lends progress toward improvements; one of the best international fiber cables in the region, the Djibouti Internet Exchange, is a meeting point for cable systems passing between the Red Sea and Indian Ocean; national operator managed the Australia West Cable landing and signed an agreement for IP traffic through Paris and Marseille; international operator signed MoU for extension of cable from the Gulf to Djibouti (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "4 per 100 fixed-line and 41 per 100 mobile-cellular; Djibouti Telecom (DT) is the sole provider of telecommunications services and utilizes mostly a microwave radio relay network; fiber-optic cable is installed in the capital; rural areas connected via wireless local loop radio systems; mobile cellular coverage is primarily limited to the area in and around Djibouti city (2019)" @@ -1053,10 +1053,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "18" + "text": "33" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 1, other 17 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 1, container ship 1, general cargo 2, oil tanker 8, other 21 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1100,6 +1100,9 @@ }, "Military service age and obligation": { "text": "18 years of age for voluntary military service; 16-25 years of age for voluntary military training; no conscription (2020)" + }, + "Military - note": { + "text": "as of 2021, China, France, Italy, Japan, and the US maintained bases in Djibouti for regional military missions, including counter-terrorism, counter-piracy, crisis response, and security assistance (note – France has multiple bases and hosts troop contingents from Germany and Spain); the EU and NATO have also maintained a presence to support multinational naval counter-piracy operations and maritime training efforts; in 2017, Djibouti and Saudi Arabia announced plans for the Saudis to build a military base there, although no start date was announced
" } }, "Terrorism": { diff --git a/africa/eg.json b/africa/eg.json index 7f1423b2..47d3fece 100644 --- a/africa/eg.json +++ b/africa/eg.json @@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ } }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Nile river mouth (shared with Rwanda [s], Tanzania, Uganda, South Sudan, and Sudan) - 6,650 kmEgypt is the most populous country in the Arab world and the third most populous country in Africa, behind Nigeria and Ethiopia. Most of the country is desert, so about 95% of the population is concentrated in a narrow strip of fertile land along the Nile River, which represents only about 5% of Egypt’s land area. Egypt’s rapid population growth – 46% between 1994 and 2014 – stresses limited natural resources, jobs, housing, sanitation, education, and health care.
Although the country’s total fertility rate (TFR) fell from roughly 5.5 children per woman in 1980 to just over 3 in the late 1990s, largely as a result of state-sponsored family planning programs, the population growth rate dropped more modestly because of decreased mortality rates and longer life expectancies. During the last decade, Egypt’s TFR decline stalled for several years and then reversed, reaching 3.6 in 2011, and has plateaued the last few years. Contraceptive use has held steady at about 60%, while preferences for larger families and early marriage may have strengthened in the wake of the recent 2011 revolution. The large cohort of women of or nearing childbearing age will sustain high population growth for the foreseeable future (an effect called population momentum).
Nevertheless, post-MUBARAK governments have not made curbing population growth a priority. To increase contraceptive use and to prevent further overpopulation will require greater government commitment and substantial social change, including encouraging smaller families and better educating and empowering women. Currently, literacy, educational attainment, and labor force participation rates are much lower for women than men. In addition, the prevalence of violence against women, the lack of female political representation, and the perpetuation of the nearly universal practice of female genital cutting continue to keep women from playing a more significant role in Egypt’s public sphere.
Population pressure, poverty, high unemployment, and the fragmentation of inherited land holdings have historically motivated Egyptians, primarily young men, to migrate internally from rural and smaller urban areas in the Nile Delta region and the poorer rural south to Cairo, Alexandria, and other urban centers in the north, while a much smaller number migrated to the Red Sea and Sinai areas. Waves of forced internal migration also resulted from the 1967 Arab-Israeli War and the floods caused by the completion of the Aswan High Dam in 1970. Limited numbers of students and professionals emigrated temporarily prior to the early 1970s, when economic problems and high unemployment pushed the Egyptian Government to lift restrictions on labor migration. At the same time, high oil revenues enabled Saudi Arabia, Iraq, and other Gulf states, as well as Libya and Jordan, to fund development projects, creating a demand for unskilled labor (mainly in construction), which attracted tens of thousands of young Egyptian men.
Between 1970 and 1974 alone, Egyptian migrants in the Gulf countries increased from approximately 70,000 to 370,000. Egyptian officials encouraged legal labor migration both to alleviate unemployment and to generate remittance income (remittances continue to be one of Egypt’s largest sources of foreign currency and GDP). During the mid-1980s, however, depressed oil prices resulting from the Iran-Iraq War, decreased demand for low-skilled labor, competition from less costly South Asian workers, and efforts to replace foreign workers with locals significantly reduced Egyptian migration to the Gulf States. The number of Egyptian migrants dropped from a peak of almost 3.3 million in 1983 to about 2.2 million at the start of the 1990s, but numbers gradually recovered.
In the 2000s, Egypt began facilitating more labor migration through bilateral agreements, notably with Arab countries and Italy, but illegal migration to Europe through overstayed visas or maritime human smuggling via Libya also rose. The Egyptian Government estimated there were 6.5 million Egyptian migrants in 2009, with roughly 75% being temporary migrants in other Arab countries (Libya, Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Kuwait, and the United Arab Emirates) and 25% being predominantly permanent migrants in the West (US, UK, Italy, France, and Canada).
During the 2000s, Egypt became an increasingly important transit and destination country for economic migrants and asylum seekers, including Palestinians, East Africans, and South Asians and, more recently, Iraqis and Syrians. Egypt draws many refugees because of its resettlement programs with the West; Cairo has one of the largest urban refugee populations in the world. Many East African migrants are interned or live in temporary encampments along the Egypt-Israel border, and some have been shot and killed by Egyptian border guards.
" @@ -370,24 +370,24 @@ }, "School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": { "total": { - "text": "13 years" + "text": "14 years" }, "male": { - "text": "13 years" + "text": "14 years" }, "female": { - "text": "13 years (2017)" + "text": "14 years (2018)" } }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { "total": { - "text": "24.7%" + "text": "19.2%" }, "male": { - "text": "17.1%" + "text": "12.2%" }, "female": { - "text": "51.6% (2018 est.)" + "text": "49.3% (2019 est.)" } } }, @@ -478,7 +478,7 @@ } }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Nile river mouth (shared with Rwanda [s], Tanzania, Uganda, South Sudan, and Sudan) - 6,650 kmEquatorial Guinea’s climate for operator competition boosted mobile subscribership; broadband services are limited and expensive; submarine cable supported broadband and reliability of infrastructure; government backbone network will connect administrative centers; regional roaming agreement in process (2021)
(2018)" + "text": "Equatorial Guinea’s climate for operator competition boosted mobile subscribership; broadband services are limited and expensive; submarine cable supported broadband and reliability of infrastructure; government backbone network will connect administrative centers; regional roaming agreement in process (2018)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line density is about 1 per 100 persons and mobile-cellular subscribership is 45 per 100 (2019)" @@ -964,7 +961,7 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "1,620" + "text": "1,620 (2018)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { "text": "less than 1 (2018 est.)" @@ -1029,10 +1026,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "40" + "text": "42" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 1, general cargo 8, oil tanker 6, other 25 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 1, general cargo 8, oil tanker 6, other 27 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1076,6 +1073,9 @@ }, "Military service age and obligation": { "text": "18 years of age for selective compulsory military service, although conscription is rare in practice; 2-year service obligation; women hold only administrative positions in the Navy (2019)" + }, + "Military - note": { + "text": "as of 2021, the FAGE’s National Guard (Army) had only three small infantry battalions with limited combat capabilities; the Navy focused on anti-piracy and protecting the country’s natural resources in the Gulf of Guinea; the Navy is small is size, but its inventory included a light frigate and a corvette, as well as several off-shore patrol boats; the Air Force possessed only a few operational combat aircraft and ground attack-capable helicopters
" } }, "Transnational Issues": { diff --git a/africa/er.json b/africa/er.json index 79059659..474ca42a 100644 --- a/africa/er.json +++ b/africa/er.json @@ -930,7 +930,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "least developed telecommunications market in Africa, largely due to restrictions of state-owned telecom monopoly; most fixed-line telephones are in Asmara; cell phone use is limited by government control of SIM card issuance; low penetration of computer use and Internet; market ripe for competition and investment; direct phone service between Eritrea and Ethiopia restored in September 2018; government operator working on roll-out of 3G network (2020) (2020)" + "text": "least developed telecommunications market in Africa, largely due to restrictions of state-owned telecom monopoly; most fixed-line telephones are in Asmara; cell phone use is limited by government control of SIM card issuance; low penetration of computer use and Internet; market ripe for competition and investment; direct phone service between Eritrea and Ethiopia restored in September 2018; government operator working on roll-out of 3G network (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line subscribership is less than 2 per 100 person and mobile-cellular 20 per 100 (2019)" @@ -1038,7 +1038,7 @@ "text": "9" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 4, oil tanker 1, other 4 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 4, oil tanker 1, other 4 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/africa/et.json b/africa/et.json index 9f4c66ec..d3682f24 100644 --- a/africa/et.json +++ b/africa/et.json @@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ } }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Blue Nile river source (shared with Sudan [m]) - 1,600 kmtelecom market challenged by political factionalism and reorganization of ruling party; despite some gains in access, Ethiopia remains one of the least-connected countries in the world; state-owned telecom held a monopoly over services until 2019 when government approved legislation and opened the market to competition and foreign investment; new expansion of LTE services; government reduced tariffs leading to increases in data and voice traffic; government launched mobile app as part of e-government initiative to build smart city; Huawei provides infrastructure to government operator and built data center in Addis Ababa; government disrupted service during political crises; importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2020)
(2020)" + "text": "telecom market challenged by political factionalism and reorganization of ruling party; despite some gains in access, Ethiopia remains one of the least-connected countries in the world; state-owned telecom held a monopoly over services until 2019 when government approved legislation and opened the market to competition and foreign investment; new expansion of LTE services; government reduced tariffs leading to increases in data and voice traffic; government launched mobile app as part of e-government initiative to build smart city; Huawei provides infrastructure to government operator and built data center in Addis Ababa; government disrupted service during political crises; importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line subscriptions at 1 per 100 while mobile-cellular stands at 36 per 100; the number of mobile telephones is increasing steadily (2019)" @@ -1215,7 +1215,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "380,320 (South Sudan), 216,558 (Somalia), 150,960 (Eritrea), 46,014 (Sudan) (2021)" + "text": "380,320 (South Sudan), 216,558 (Somalia), 154,650 (Eritrea), 46,093 (Sudan) (2021)" }, "IDPs": { "text": "1,990,168 (includes conflict- and climate-induced IDPs, excluding unverified estimates from the Amhara region; border war with Eritrea from 1998-2000; ethnic clashes; and ongoing fighting between the Ethiopian military and separatist rebel groups in the Somali and Oromia regions; natural disasters; intercommunal violence; most IDPs live in Sumale state) (2021)" diff --git a/africa/ga.json b/africa/ga.json index 4736ab7a..9f3d8b63 100644 --- a/africa/ga.json +++ b/africa/ga.json @@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ "text": "50 sq km (2012)" }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Gambia river mouth (shared with Senegal and Guinea [s]) - 1,094 kmin 2017, several members of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) sent security forces to The Gambia to conduct stability operations and provide assistance and training following the 2016 election; as of 2021, the ECOWAS Mission in the Gambia (ECOMIG) was comprised of about 1,000 military and gendarmerie personnel from Ghana, Nigeria, and Senegal; ECOMIG is slated to become a police mission by the end of 2021
the Gambian Armed Forces (GAF) traces its origins to the Gambia Regiment of the British Army; established in 1901, the Gambia Regiment was part of the West African Frontier Force (WAFF, later Royal West African Frontier Force or RWAFF) and served in both World Wars, including the British 1944-45 military campaign in Burma; the Gambia Regiment was disbanded in 1958 and replaced by the Field Force, a police paramilitary unit; the Field Force was responsible for The Gambia’s security until the establishment of the Gambian Armed Forces in 1985; in addition, a defense agreement signed in 1965 between The Gambia and Senegal provided mutual assistance in the face of an external threat; from 1981-1989, The Gambia and Senegal formed a Confederal Army that was made up of two-thirds Senegalese and one-third Gambian soldiers
the military in Gambia, including the Field Force, has a history of heavy involvement in the country’s politics, including multiple coups or coup attempts and mutinies
" } }, "Transnational Issues": { diff --git a/africa/gb.json b/africa/gb.json index fe9652a0..7c596308 100644 --- a/africa/gb.json +++ b/africa/gb.json @@ -287,7 +287,7 @@ "text": "0.68 physicians/1,000 population (2017)" }, "Hospital bed density": { - "text": "6.3 beds/1,000 population (2010)" + "text": "6.3 beds/1,000 population" }, "Sanitation facility access": { "improved: urban": { @@ -967,23 +967,23 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "22,291" + "text": "25,428 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "1.02 (2019 est.)" + "text": "1.14 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "2,992,811" + "text": "3,088,742 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "137.57 (2019 est.)" + "text": "138.8 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "
politically stable and oil laden, Gabon is one of wealthiest nations in Africa; liberalized and competitive market led development of mobile broadband, data service, and tests of 5G; fixed-line sector underdeveloped due to the lack of competition and high prices; South Korean investment in fiber segments as part of Central African backbone; sufficient international bandwidth through submarine cable systems; government committed to backbone infrastructure and e-health services; efforts towards new legal and regulatory improvements (2020)
(2020)" + "text": "politically stable and oil laden, Gabon is one of wealthiest nations in Africa; liberalized and competitive market led development of mobile broadband, data service, and tests of 5G; fixed-line sector underdeveloped due to the lack of competition and high prices; South Korean investment in fiber segments as part of Central African backbone; sufficient international bandwidth through submarine cable systems; government committed to backbone infrastructure and e-health services; efforts towards new legal and regulatory improvements (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line is 1 per 100 subscriptions; a growing mobile cellular network with multiple providers is making telephone service more widely available with mobile cellular teledensity at 138 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1009,10 +1009,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "22,332" + "text": "44,607 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "1.03 (2019 est.)" + "text": "2 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1094,10 +1094,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "40" + "text": "62" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 16, oil tanker 6, other 18 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 1, general cargo 17, oil tanker 17, other 27 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/africa/gh.json b/africa/gh.json index b7e2a409..951e4eec 100644 --- a/africa/gh.json +++ b/africa/gh.json @@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ "text": "340 sq km (2012)" }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Volta (shared with Burkina Faso) - 1,600 km" + "text": "Volta river mouth (shared with Burkina Faso [s]) - 1,600 kmchallenged by unreliable electricity, Ghana seeks to extend telecom services nationally; investment in fiber infrastructure enabled 600 additional towers to provide basic mobile services; launch of LTE has improved mobile data services, including m-commerce and banking; highly competitive Internet market, most through mobile networks; international submarine cables, and terrestrial cables have improved Internet capacity and reduced prices (2020)
(2020)" + "text": "challenged by unreliable electricity, Ghana seeks to extend telecom services nationally; investment in fiber infrastructure enabled 600 additional towers to provide basic mobile services; launch of LTE has improved mobile data services, including m-commerce and banking; highly competitive Internet market, most through mobile networks; international submarine cables, and terrestrial cables have improved Internet capacity and reduced prices (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line 1 per 100 subscriptions; competition among multiple mobile-cellular providers has spurred growth with a subscribership of more than 134 per 100 persons and rising (2019)" @@ -1035,10 +1035,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "58,518" + "text": "78,371 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "less than 1 (2018 est.)" + "text": "less than 1 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1114,10 +1114,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "50" + "text": "51" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 6, oil tanker 3, other 41 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 7, oil tanker 3, other 41 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1161,6 +1161,9 @@ }, "Military service age and obligation": { "text": "18-26 years of age for voluntary military service, with basic education certificate; no conscription (2019)" + }, + "Military - note": { + "text": "the military of Ghana traces its origins to the Gold Coast Constabulary that was established in 1879 and renamed the Gold Coast Regiment in 1901; the Gold Coast Regiment was part of the West African Frontier Force (WAFF), a multi-regiment force formed by the British colonial office in 1900 to garrison the West African colonies of Gold Coast (Ghana), Nigeria (Lagos and the protectorates of Northern and Southern Nigeria), Sierra Leone, and Gambia; the WAFF served with distinction in both East and West Africa during World War I; in 1928, it received royal recognition and was re-named the Royal West African Frontier Force (RWAFF); the RWAFF went on to serve in World War II as part of the British 81st and 82nd (West African) divisions in the East Africa and Burma campaigns; following independence in 1957, the Gold Coast Regiment formed the basis for the new Ghanaian Army
as of 2021, the primary missions for the Ghanaian military included assisting other security services with internal security and patrolling the country’s economic exclusion zone, which has led to efforts to expand the Navy’s capabilities in recent years; since sending a contingent of troops to the Congo in 1960, the Ghana military has been a regular contributor to African- and UN-sponsored peacekeeping missions
" } }, "Transnational Issues": { diff --git a/africa/gv.json b/africa/gv.json index fe9c8348..9816101d 100644 --- a/africa/gv.json +++ b/africa/gv.json @@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ "text": "950 sq km (2012)" }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Niger river source (shared with Mali, and Nigeria [m]) - 4,200 km; Gambia river source (shared with Senegal and The Gambia [m]) - 1,094 kmGuinea’s mobile subscribership growing through investment of South African telecom operators and Chinese Huawei management; m-transactions supported commerce; broadband still limited and expensive though submarine cable and IXP improved reliability of infrastructure; 4G Wi-Fi in the capital; National Backbone Network will connect regional administrative centers; ECOWAS countries to launch free roaming; importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "Guinea’s mobile subscribership growing through investment of South African telecom operators and Chinese Huawei management; m-transactions supported commerce; broadband still limited and expensive though submarine cable and IXP improved reliability of infrastructure; 4G Wi-Fi in the capital; National Backbone Network will connect regional administrative centers; ECOWAS countries to launch free roaming; importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "there is national coverage and Conakry is reasonably well-served; coverage elsewhere remains inadequate but is improving; fixed-line teledensity is less than 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular subscribership is expanding rapidly and now 101 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1041,10 +1041,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "1,250" + "text": "1,250 (2019)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "less than 1 (2018 est.)" + "text": "less than 1 (2019 est.)" } } }, @@ -1112,7 +1112,7 @@ "text": "2" }, "by type": { - "text": "other 2 (2020)" + "text": "other 2 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1154,6 +1154,9 @@ }, "Military service age and obligation": { "text": "no compulsory military service (2021)" + }, + "Military - note": { + "text": "the Army is responsible for external defense, but also has some domestic security responsibilities; piracy and natural resource protection in the Gulf of Guinea are key areas of concern for the small Navy, which possesses only a few patrol boats
" } }, "Transnational Issues": { diff --git a/africa/iv.json b/africa/iv.json index 7efc6c18..4d757876 100644 --- a/africa/iv.json +++ b/africa/iv.json @@ -368,13 +368,13 @@ }, "School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": { "total": { - "text": "11 years" - }, - "male": { "text": "10 years" }, + "male": { + "text": "11 years" + }, "female": { - "text": "9 years (2017)" + "text": "10 years (2019)" } }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { @@ -999,23 +999,23 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "271,724" + "text": "264,073 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "1.01 (2019 est.)" + "text": "1 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "37,376,603" + "text": "40,095,246 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "139.16 (2019 est.)" + "text": "152 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "Côte d'Ivoire telecom systems continue to benefit from strong economic growth; fixed-line, Internet, and broadband sectors remain underdeveloped; mobile sector is strong; progress in national backbone network and connection to submarine cable that will increase Internet bandwidth; country is poised to develop broadband market and digital economy; government further tightened SIM card registration rules (2020) (2020)" + "text": "Côte d'Ivoire telecom systems continue to benefit from strong economic growth; fixed-line, Internet, and broadband sectors remain underdeveloped; mobile sector is strong; progress in national backbone network and connection to submarine cable that will increase Internet bandwidth; country is poised to develop broadband market and digital economy; government further tightened SIM card registration rules (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "less than 1 per 100 fixed-line, with multiple mobile-cellular service providers competing in the market, usage has increased to about 145 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1041,10 +1041,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "216,723" + "text": "260,097 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "1 (2018 est.)" + "text": "less than 1 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1134,7 +1134,7 @@ "text": "25" }, "by type": { - "text": "oil tanker 2, other 23 (2020)" + "text": "oil tanker 2, other 23 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/africa/ke.json b/africa/ke.json index b49b72cd..b9d4943a 100644 --- a/africa/ke.json +++ b/africa/ke.json @@ -299,9 +299,6 @@ "Physicians density": { "text": "0.16 physicians/1,000 population (2018)" }, - "Hospital bed density": { - "text": "1.4 beds/1,000 population (2010)" - }, "Sanitation facility access": { "improved: urban": { "text": "urban: 78.8% of population" @@ -371,26 +368,15 @@ "text": "78.2% (2018)" } }, - "School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": { - "total": { - "text": "11 years" - }, - "male": { - "text": "11 years" - }, - "female": { - "text": "11 years (2009)" - } - }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { "total": { - "text": "7.4%" + "text": "12.9%" }, "male": { - "text": "7.3%" + "text": "12%" }, "female": { - "text": "7.4% (2016)" + "text": "13.8% (2019)" } } }, @@ -1049,7 +1035,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "through increased competition, Kenya’s telecom market has improved international bandwidth and experienced rapid development in mobile sector, including remote regions; four fiber-optic submarine cables reduced costs and increased service to population; government supported LTE and broadband, promising economic support of free WiFi; mobile operators progress with 5G tests; e-commerce interoperability; importer of broadcasting equipment, video displays, and computers from China (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "through increased competition, Kenya’s telecom market has improved international bandwidth and experienced rapid development in mobile sector, including remote regions; four fiber-optic submarine cables reduced costs and increased service to population; government supported LTE and broadband, promising economic support of free WiFi; mobile operators progress with 5G tests; e-commerce interoperability; importer of broadcasting equipment, video displays, and computers from China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line subscriptions stand at less than 1 per 100 persons; multiple providers in the mobile-cellular segment of the market fostering a boom in mobile-cellular telephone usage with teledensity reaching 104 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1169,10 +1155,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "24" + "text": "26" }, "by type": { - "text": "oil tanker 2, other 22 (2020)" + "text": "oil tanker 3, other 23 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1237,7 +1223,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "262,736 (Somalia), 148,249 (South Sudan), 30,576 (Democratic Republic of the Congo), 20,668 (Ethiopia), 7,160 (Burundi) (2021)" + "text": "262,736 (Somalia), 148,249 (South Sudan), 48,262 (Democratic Republic of the Congo), 30,241 (Ethiopia), 12,520 (Burundi) (2021)" }, "IDPs": { "text": "190,000 (election-related violence, intercommunal violence, resource conflicts, al-Shabaab attacks in 2017 and 2018) (2020)" diff --git a/africa/li.json b/africa/li.json index 1aaee865..1c1338fd 100644 --- a/africa/li.json +++ b/africa/li.json @@ -282,9 +282,6 @@ "Physicians density": { "text": "0.04 physicians/1,000 population (2015)" }, - "Hospital bed density": { - "text": "0.8 beds/1,000 population (2010)" - }, "Sanitation facility access": { "improved: urban": { "text": "urban: 64.1% of population" @@ -959,15 +956,15 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "8,394" + "text": "8,000 (2018)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "less than 1 (2019 est.)" + "text": "less than 1 (2018 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "2,793,316" + "text": "2.66 million (2018)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { "text": "56.57 (2019 est.)" @@ -975,7 +972,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "due to history of civil war and ruin of infrastructure, almost entirely wireless telecom market; good competition for mobile services; high cost and limited bandwidth means Internet access is low; additional investment needed for increased submarine cable access; progress in creating an attractive business-friendly environment is hampered by a weak regulatory environment, corruption, lack of transparency, poor infrastructure, and low private sector capacity; rural areas have little access; fixed-line service is stagnant and extremely limited; operators introducing e-commerce; importer of broadcast equipment from China (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "due to history of civil war and ruin of infrastructure, almost entirely wireless telecom market; good competition for mobile services; high cost and limited bandwidth means Internet access is low; additional investment needed for increased submarine cable access; progress in creating an attractive business-friendly environment is hampered by a weak regulatory environment, corruption, lack of transparency, poor infrastructure, and low private sector capacity; rural areas have little access; fixed-line service is stagnant and extremely limited; operators introducing e-commerce; importer of broadcast equipment from China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line less than 1 per 100; mobile-cellular subscription base growing and teledensity approached 57 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1001,10 +998,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "8,000" + "text": "9,000 (2017 est.)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "less than 1 (2017 est.)" + "text": "less than 1 (2019 est.)" } } }, @@ -1070,10 +1067,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "3,716" + "text": "3,942" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 1,325, container ship 858, general cargo 141, oil tanker 820, other 572 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 1,487, container ship 878, general cargo 131, oil tanker 851, other 595 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1085,7 +1082,7 @@ "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { "text": "Armed Forces of Liberia (AFL): Army, Liberian Coast Guard (2021)", - "note": "note - an AFL Air Wing is under development; it was previously disbanded in 2005, but two Liberian pilots completed training by the Nigerian Air Force in 2018" + "note": "note(s) - an AFL Air Wing is under development; it was previously disbanded in 2005, but two Liberian pilots completed training by the Nigerian Air Force in 2018the first militia unit established for defense of the colony was raised in 1832; the Armed Forces of Liberia (AFL) traces its origins to the 1908 establishment of the Liberia Frontier Force, which became the Liberian National Guard in 1965; the AFL was established in 1970; at the end of the second civil war in 2003, military and police forces were disbanded and approximately 100,000 military, police, and rebel combatants were disarmed; the AFL began to rebuild in 2003 with US assistance and the first infantry battalion of the restructured AFL was re-activated in late 2007; a second battalion was added in 2008
the UN Mission in Liberia (UNMIL) was established in 2003 as a peacekeeping force; at its height, UNMIL was comprised of about 15,000 personnel, including more than 3,000 troops absorbed from the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) peacekeeping mission; Liberian forces reassumed full control of the country’s security in June of 2016, and the UNMIL mission was ended in 2018
as of 2021, the AFL was comprised mostly of a small ground force consisting of 2 infantry battalions, while the Coast Guard had only a few small patrol boats; the AFL had no aircraft
" } }, "Transnational Issues": { @@ -1123,7 +1123,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "8,309 (Cote d'Ivoire) (2021)" + "text": "8,295 (Cote d'Ivoire) (2021)" } }, "Illicit drugs": { diff --git a/africa/lt.json b/africa/lt.json index 169526e1..493ef87e 100644 --- a/africa/lt.json +++ b/africa/lt.json @@ -85,12 +85,12 @@ "Irrigated land": { "text": "30 sq km (2012)" }, + "Major rivers (by length in km)": { + "text": "Orange river source (shared with South Africa and Namibia [m]) - 2,092 kmsmall market with few business incentives; fixed-line tele-density and mobile penetration remains below regional average; introduction of mobile broadband in the country and LTE technology; 5G testing among first in region; landlocked, Lesotho has access to several submarine cables on African coast through neighboring countries yet Internet is expensive; importer of broadcasting equipment and computers from South Africa (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "small market with few business incentives; fixed-line tele-density and mobile penetration remains below regional average; introduction of mobile broadband in the country and LTE technology; 5G testing among first in region; landlocked, Lesotho has access to several submarine cables on African coast through neighboring countries yet Internet is expensive; importer of broadcasting equipment and computers from South Africa (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line is 1 per 100 subscriptions; mobile-cellular service dominates the market with a subscribership now over 114 per 100 persons; rudimentary system consisting of a modest number of landlines, a small microwave radio relay system, and a small radiotelephone communication system (2019)" @@ -1000,10 +1000,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "6,329" + "text": "5,060 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "less than 1 (2018 est.)" + "text": "less than 1 (2020 est.)" } } }, diff --git a/africa/ly.json b/africa/ly.json index ca127370..efc2e3db 100644 --- a/africa/ly.json +++ b/africa/ly.json @@ -882,15 +882,15 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "1,618,511" + "text": "1.576 million (2018)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "23.95 (2019 est.)" + "text": "23.95 (2018 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "6,182,105" + "text": "6.02 million (2018)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { "text": "91.48 (2019 est.)" @@ -898,7 +898,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "political and security instability in Libya has disrupted its telecom sector, as warring factions make mobile towers a target and construction workers regularly cut cables by mistake; much of its infrastructure remains superior to that in most other African countries; rival operators fight for control; investment in fiber backbone and upgrades to international cables; limited LTE and 5G service; some satellite broadband; importer of broadcasting equipment from UAE and video displays from China (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "political and security instability in Libya has disrupted its telecom sector, as warring factions make mobile towers a target and construction workers regularly cut cables by mistake; much of its infrastructure remains superior to that in most other African countries; rival operators fight for control; investment in fiber backbone and upgrades to international cables; limited LTE and 5G service; some satellite broadband; importer of broadcasting equipment from UAE and video displays from China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "24 per 100 fixed-line and 91 per 100 mobile-cellular subscriptions; service generally adequate (2019)" @@ -924,10 +924,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "168,920" + "text": "318,000 (2017 est.)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "3 (2017 est.)" + "text": "4.83 (2019 est.)" } } }, @@ -1013,7 +1013,7 @@ "text": "94" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 2, oil tanker 12, other 80 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 2, oil tanker 12, other 80 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1042,7 +1042,7 @@ "text": "both the forces of the Government of National Accord and the Libyan National Army are largely equipped with weapons of Russian or Soviet origin; as of 2020, Russia, Turkey, and the UAE were reportedly providing weapons and military equipment to the forces in Libya (2020)" }, "Military - note": { - "text": "as of late 2020, there were at least 10,000 and as many as 20,000 foreign mercenaries and proxy forces estimated to be deployed in Libya to bolster both GNA- and LNA-aligned forces" + "text": "in April 2019, Libyan National Army (LNA) forces launched an offensive to seize the capital, Tripoli, from the UN-recognized Government of National Accord (GNA); the GNA and its local supporting militia forces forced the LNA to withdraw by June 2020; at the signing of a UN-sponsored ceasefire in October 2020, GNA and LNA forces were separated by a line of control running roughly from the coastal city of Sirte south to the vicinity of Al Jufra and Brak; as of late 2021, this line had grown increasingly fortified; in April 2021, the UN Security Council endorsed plans to deploy civilian ceasefire monitoring personnel at the request of the Libyans
outside actors have played a large role in the fighting in Libya on both sides:
as of 2021, GNA forces were backed militarily by Qatar and Turkey; Turkey has been the chief supporter; it signed a security agreement with the GNA in 2019, and Turkey’s aid to GNA military forces was assessed as vital in turning back the LNA offensive in 2019-2020; Turkey’s support has included air defense, unmanned aerial vehicles (aka drones), equipment, weapons, training, and military personnel, including advisors, technicians, and equipment operators; in addition, Turkey has provided as many as 5,000 mercenary fighters from Syria
as of 2021, LNA forces (aka Libyan Arab Armed Forces, LAAF) have received varying amounts of military support from Chad, Egypt, France, Jordan, Russia, Sudan, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE); Russia, Sudan, and the UAE have been the most active; Russia has provided equipment, weapons, aircraft, and air defense support, as well as an estimated 5,000 Russian mercenaries/private military contractors and Russian-sponsored Syrian mercenary fighters; Sudan reportedly provided at least 1,000 troops from its Rapid Support Forces in 2019-2020 and more than 1,000 Sudanese mercenaries were present in Libya as of late 2021; the UAE provided equipment, supplies, weapons, and air support, including air strikes from manned and unmanned aircraft; meanwhile, Egypt has provided arms, supplies, and training, as well as facilitated both Emirati and Russian operations in Libya by allowing them to use the country’s western bases and to transport arms over the border
as of late 2021, it was estimated that as many as 20,000 third-country nationals were involved in military operations in Libya, despite the confidence building measure of the October 2020 ceasefire that called for all foreign forces to leave the country by early 2021; in addition to the military and proxy forces provided by Russia, Sudan, and Turkey, foreign fighters from Libya’s neighbors (Algeria, Chad, Egypt, Mali, Niger, and Tunisia, as well as Sudan) have travelled to Libya since the civil war began in 2011 to support various armed groups, including those aligned with the GNA and the LNA, as well as the Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham and Al Qa’ida terrorist group affiliates operating in Libya; most of these fighters arrived as individuals, but rebel groups from Chad and Sudan were also reportedly involved in the fighting
" } }, "Terrorism": { @@ -1057,7 +1057,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "16,766 (Sudan) (refugees and asylum seekers), 14,262 (Syria) (refugees and asylum seekers) (2021)" + "text": "16,781 (Sudan) (refugees and asylum seekers), 14,228 (Syria) (refugees and asylum seekers) (2021)" }, "IDPs": { "text": "212,593 (conflict between pro-QADHAFI and anti-QADHAFI forces in 2011; post-QADHAFI tribal clashes 2014) (2021)" diff --git a/africa/ma.json b/africa/ma.json index 998b25fd..1005e502 100644 --- a/africa/ma.json +++ b/africa/ma.json @@ -281,7 +281,7 @@ "text": "0.18 physicians/1,000 population (2014)" }, "Hospital bed density": { - "text": "0.2 beds/1,000 population (2010)" + "text": "0.2 beds/1,000 population" }, "Sanitation facility access": { "improved: urban": { @@ -969,23 +969,23 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "68,426" + "text": "69,046 (2018)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "less than 1 (2019 est.)" + "text": "less than 1 (2018 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "10,677,153" + "text": "10,654,710 (2018)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "40.57 (2019 est.)" + "text": "40.57 (2018 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "penetration rates below African average; competition among mobile service providers has spurred recent growth in the mobile market and reduced consumer costs; 3G and LTE services available; fiber backbone connects major cities with wireless networks upgraded to LTE; government committed to free WiFi hotspots to ensure universal access; telecom service tax raised to 10%; investment in submarine cable to South Africa and Mauritius; importer of broadcasting and video equipment from China (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "penetration rates below African average; competition among mobile service providers has spurred recent growth in the mobile market and reduced consumer costs; 3G and LTE services available; fiber backbone connects major cities with wireless networks upgraded to LTE; government committed to free WiFi hotspots to ensure universal access; telecom service tax raised to 10%; investment in submarine cable to South Africa and Mauritius; importer of broadcasting and video equipment from China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "less than 1 per 100 for fixed-line and mobile-cellular teledensity about 41 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1011,7 +1011,7 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "27,211" + "text": "27,211 (2018)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { "text": "less than 1 (2018 est.)" @@ -1093,10 +1093,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "29" + "text": "27" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 16, oil tanker 2, other 11 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 14, oil tanker 2, other 11 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1107,7 +1107,8 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "People's Armed Forces: Army, Navy, Air Force; National Gendarmerie (operates under the Ministry of Defense); Ministry of Public Security: National Police (2021)" + "text": "People's Armed Forces: Army, Navy, Air Force; National Gendarmerie (operates under the Ministry of Defense); Ministry of Public Security: National Police (2021)", + "note": "note - the National Gendarmerie is responsible for maintaining law and order in rural areas at the village level, protecting government facilities, and operating a maritime police contingent; the National Police is responsible for maintaining law and order in urban areas; the military is also active in rural areas, particularly in maintaining order in areas affected by cattle rustling and banditry" }, "Military expenditures": { "Military Expenditures 2020": { @@ -1134,6 +1135,9 @@ }, "Military service age and obligation": { "text": "Madagascar has an all-volunteer military; 18-25 years of age for males; service obligation 18 months; women are permitted to serve in all branches (2021)" + }, + "Military - note": { + "text": "one of the military’s duties is assisting the gendarmerie with maintaining law and order in rural areas, particularly in areas affected by cattle rustling and banditry (2021)
" } }, "Transnational Issues": { @@ -1141,7 +1145,7 @@ "text": "claims Bassas da India, Europa Island, Glorioso Islands, and Juan de Nova Island (all administered by France); the vegetated drying cays of Banc du Geyser, which were claimed by Madagascar in 1976, also fall within the EEZ claims of the Comoros and France (Glorioso Islands, part of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands)
" }, "Illicit drugs": { - "text": "illicit producer of cannabis (cultivated and wild varieties) used mostly for domestic consumption; transshipment point for heroin" + "text": "illicit producer of cannabis (cultivated and wild varieties) used mostly for domestic consumption; transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin" } } } \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/africa/mi.json b/africa/mi.json index 5652e38b..3cd2ff1d 100644 --- a/africa/mi.json +++ b/africa/mi.json @@ -85,9 +85,6 @@ "Irrigated land": { "text": "740 sq km (2012)" }, - "Major watersheds (area sq km)": { - "text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Congo (3,730,881 sq km)Malawi remains one of the world’s least developed countries, with few resources to build efficient fixed-line telecom infrastructure; mobile penetration low compared to region with ample opportunity for growth and competition; some mobile services to rural areas; LTE services are available; national fiber backbone near completion; progress in m-payment methods; prospect of international submarine cables from neighboring countries; importer of broadcast equipment from China (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "Malawi remains one of the world’s least developed countries, with few resources to build efficient fixed-line telecom infrastructure; mobile penetration low compared to region with ample opportunity for growth and competition; some mobile services to rural areas; LTE services are available; national fiber backbone near completion; progress in m-payment methods; prospect of international submarine cables from neighboring countries; importer of broadcast equipment from China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "limited fixed-line subscribership less than 1 per 100 households; mobile-cellular services are expanding but network coverage is limited and is based around the main urban areas; mobile-cellular subscribership 48 per 100 households (2019)" @@ -1037,10 +1037,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "11,358" + "text": "12,255 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "less than 1 (2018 est.)" + "text": "less than 1 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1155,6 +1155,9 @@ }, "Military service age and obligation": { "text": "18 years of age for voluntary military service; high school equivalent required for enlisted recruits and college equivalent for officer recruits; initial engagement is 7 years for enlisted personnel and 10 years for officers (2021)" + }, + "Military - note": { + "text": "as of 2021, the Malawi Defense Force’s primary responsibility was external security; it was also tasked as necessary with carrying out policing or other domestic activities, such as disaster relief; Malawi contributes regularly to African Union and UN peace support operations
" } }, "Transnational Issues": { @@ -1163,7 +1166,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "31,818 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (refugees and asylum seekers), 11,873 (Burundi) (refugees and asylum seekers), 7,314 (Rwanda) (refugees and asylum seekers) (2021)" + "text": "31,992 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (refugees and asylum seekers), 12,068 (Burundi) (refugees and asylum seekers), 7,392 (Rwanda) (refugees and asylum seekers) (2021)" } } } diff --git a/africa/ml.json b/africa/ml.json index 4781e8a1..eedc6f83 100644 --- a/africa/ml.json +++ b/africa/ml.json @@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ } }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Niger (shared with Guinea, Niger, and Nigeria) - 4,200 km; Senegal (shared with Senegal and Mauritania) - 1,641 km; " + "text": "Niger (shared with Guinea [s], Niger, and Nigeria [m]) - 4,200 km; Senegal (shared with Guinea [s], Senegal, and Mauritania [m]) - 1,641 kmMali’s telecom systems are challenged by recent conflict, geography, areas of low population, poverty, security issues, and high illiteracy; telecom infrastructure is barely adequate in urban areas and not available in most of the country with underinvestment in fixed-line networks; high mobile penetration and potential for mobile broadband service; local plans for IXP; dependent on neighboring countries for international bandwidth and access to submarine cables; Chinese investment in infrastructure stymied by security issues; importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "Mali’s telecom systems are challenged by recent conflict, geography, areas of low population, poverty, security issues, and high illiteracy; telecom infrastructure is barely adequate in urban areas and not available in most of the country with underinvestment in fixed-line networks; high mobile penetration and potential for mobile broadband service; local plans for IXP; dependent on neighboring countries for international bandwidth and access to submarine cables; Chinese investment in infrastructure stymied by security issues; importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line subscribership 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular subscribership has increased sharply to over 115 per 100 persons; increasing use of local radio loops to extend network coverage to remote areas (2019)" @@ -1039,10 +1039,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "142,522" + "text": "243,806 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "1 (2018 est.)" + "text": "1.2 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1163,7 +1163,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "16,938 (Niger), 15,031 (Mauritania), 12,913 (Burkina Faso) (2021)" + "text": "16,938 (Niger), 14,963 (Mauritania), 12,913 (Burkina Faso) (2021)" }, "IDPs": { "text": "401,736 (Tuareg rebellion since 2012) (2021)" diff --git a/africa/mo.json b/africa/mo.json index 5999c9d3..222556e6 100644 --- a/africa/mo.json +++ b/africa/mo.json @@ -384,7 +384,7 @@ "text": "14 years" }, "female": { - "text": "14 years (2019)" + "text": "14 years (2020)" }, "note": "note: does not include data from the former Western Sahara" }, @@ -1016,23 +1016,23 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "2,054,545" + "text": "2,357,286 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "5.83 (2019 est.)" + "text": "6.39 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "46,666,722" + "text": "49,421,023 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "132.51 (2019 est.)" + "text": "133.9 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "despite Morocco's economic progress, the country suffers from high unemployment and illiteracy affecting telecom market, particularly in rural areas; national network nearly 100% digital using fiber-optic links; improved rural service employs microwave radio relay; one of the most state-of-the-art markets in Africa; high mobile penetration rates in the region with low cost for broadband Internet access; improvement in LTE reach and capabilities; 5G tests underway; mobile Internet accounts for 93% of all Internet connections; World Bank provided funds for Morocco’s digital transformation; government supported digital education during pandemic; submarine cables and satellite provide connectivity to Asia, Africa, the Middle East, Europe, and Australia; importer of broadcasting equipment and video displays from China (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "despite Morocco's economic progress, the country suffers from high unemployment and illiteracy affecting telecom market, particularly in rural areas; national network nearly 100% digital using fiber-optic links; improved rural service employs microwave radio relay; one of the most state-of-the-art markets in Africa; high mobile penetration rates in the region with low cost for broadband Internet access; improvement in LTE reach and capabilities; 5G tests underway; mobile Internet accounts for 93% of all Internet connections; World Bank provided funds for Morocco’s digital transformation; government supported digital education during pandemic; submarine cables and satellite provide connectivity to Asia, Africa, the Middle East, Europe, and Australia; importer of broadcasting equipment and video displays from China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line teledensity is 6 per 100 persons and mobile-cellular subscribership exceeds 128 per 100 persons; good system composed of open-wire lines, cables, and microwave radio relay links; principal switching centers are Casablanca and Rabat (2019)" @@ -1058,10 +1058,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "1,751,341" + "text": "2,102,434 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "4.97 (2019 est.)" + "text": "5.7 (2020 est.)" } }, "Communications - note": { @@ -1149,10 +1149,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "88" + "text": "93" }, "by type": { - "text": "container ship 7, general cargo 4, oil tanker 2, other 75 (2020)" + "text": "container ship 6, general cargo 5, oil tanker 2, other 80 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/africa/mp.json b/africa/mp.json index f4576429..ed6d7366 100644 --- a/africa/mp.json +++ b/africa/mp.json @@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ "text": "2.6 physicians/1,000 population (2019)" }, "Hospital bed density": { - "text": "3.4 beds/1,000 population (2019)" + "text": "3.7 beds/1,000 population (2020)" }, "Sanitation facility access": { "improved: urban": { @@ -922,23 +922,23 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "458,700" + "text": "478,700 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "33.45 (2019 est.)" + "text": "37.64 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "1,866,600" + "text": "1,912,900" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "136.12 (2019 est.)" + "text": "150.4 (2019 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "Mauritius is successfully pursuing a policy to make telecommunications a pillar of economic growth, and to have a fully digital-based smart infrastructure; the island nation is a pioneer in the telecom sector, with the first market in greater Africa to launch mobile networks and provide 3G, the first in the world to develop a nationwide WiMAX wireless broadband network, and one of the first to launch IPTV; LTE and fiber broadband are nationally available, and the government supports national Wi-Fi; international cable connectivity has improved, increasing bandwidth capacity; submarine cable provides connectivity to South Africa and beyond; major importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2021) (2020)" + "text": "Mauritius is successfully pursuing a policy to make telecommunications a pillar of economic growth, and to have a fully digital-based smart infrastructure; the island nation is a pioneer in the telecom sector, with the first market in greater Africa to launch mobile networks and provide 3G, the first in the world to develop a nationwide WiMAX wireless broadband network, and one of the first to launch IPTV; LTE and fiber broadband are nationally available, and the government supports national Wi-Fi; international cable connectivity has improved, increasing bandwidth capacity; submarine cable provides connectivity to South Africa and beyond; major importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line teledensity 34 per 100 persons and mobile-cellular services teledensity approaching 151 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -964,10 +964,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "307,200" + "text": "322,100 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "22.4 (2019 est.)" + "text": "25.33 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1029,10 +1029,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "30" + "text": "29" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 1, oil tanker 5, other 24 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 1, oil tanker 4, other 24 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1043,7 +1043,7 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "no regular military forces; the Mauritius Police Force (MPF) includes a paramilitary unit known as the Special Mobile Force, which includes a motorized infantry battalion and 2 light armored squadrons; the PMF also has a Police Helicopter Squadron, a Special Support Unit (riot police), and the National Coast Guard (also includes an air squadron) (2021)" + "text": "no regular military forces; the Mauritius Police Force (MPF) includes a paramilitary unit known as the Special Mobile Force, which includes a motorized infantry battalion and 2 light armored squadrons; the MPF also has a Police Helicopter Squadron, a Special Support Unit (riot police), and the National Coast Guard (also includes an air squadron) (2021)" }, "Military expenditures": { "Military Expenditures 2020": { diff --git a/africa/mr.json b/africa/mr.json index 6d30585b..4d3a0f46 100644 --- a/africa/mr.json +++ b/africa/mr.json @@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ "text": "450 sq km (2012)" }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Senegal (shared with Senegal and Mali) - 1,641 km; " + "text": "Senegal river mouth (shared with Guinea [s], Senegal and Mali) - 1,641 kmone of the first countries in the region to reform telecom market and open it to competition; the mobile segment has shown strong growth; poor fixed-line infrastructure means most Internet access is through mobile accounts; DSL, cable broadband, 3G, and some fiber broadband available; LTE tests underway; roll out of national fiber backbone and upgrades to infrastructure; submarine cables reduced the cost of bandwidth; importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "one of the first countries in the region to reform telecom market and open it to competition; the mobile segment has shown strong growth; poor fixed-line infrastructure means most Internet access is through mobile accounts; DSL, cable broadband, 3G, and some fiber broadband available; LTE tests underway; roll out of national fiber backbone and upgrades to infrastructure; submarine cables reduced the cost of bandwidth; importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "extremely low fixed-line teledensity contrasts with rapid growth in the mobile-cellular network; operators provide coverage that includes all the main cities and key roads; fixed-line less than 1 per 100 and 48 per 100 mobile-cellular teledensity (2019)" @@ -1053,10 +1053,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "69,975" + "text": "69,975 (2019)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "less than 1 (2018 est.)" + "text": "less than 1 (2019 est.)" } } }, @@ -1147,10 +1147,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "29" + "text": "30" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 9, other 20 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 9, other 21 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1191,7 +1191,7 @@ "text": "registration for military service is mandatory for all males and females at 18 years of age; 18-35 years of age for selective compulsory military service; 18 years of age for voluntary service; 2-year service obligation; women may serve as officers or enlisted (2019)" }, "Military - note": { - "text": "the Government of Mozambique is facing a growing insurgency driven by militants with ties to the Islamic State terrorist group (ISIS-Mozambique, which was declared a Foreign Terrorist Organization by the US State Department in March 2021) in the northern province of Cabo Delgado, an area known for rich liquid natural gas deposits; insurgent attacks in the province began in 2017 and as of late 2021, the fighting had left an estimated 2,500 dead and approximately 700,000 displaced; the FADM is widely assessed as lacking the training, equipment, and overall capabilities to address the insurgency; as of late 2021, several countries from the Southern Africa Development Community and the European Union, as well as Rwanda and the US are providing various forms of military assistance" + "text": "the Government of Mozambique is facing a growing insurgency driven by militants with ties to the Islamic State terrorist group (ISIS-Mozambique, which was declared a Foreign Terrorist Organization by the US State Department in March 2021) in the northern province of Cabo Delgado, an area known for rich liquid natural gas deposits; insurgent attacks in the province began in 2017 and as of late 2021, the fighting had left an estimated 2,500 dead and approximately 700,000 displaced; the FADM is widely assessed as lacking the training, equipment, and overall capabilities to address the insurgency; as of late 2021, several countries from the Southern Africa Development Community and the European Union, as well as Rwanda and the US are providing various forms of military assistance; African countries have provided approximately 3,000 troops" } }, "Terrorism": { @@ -1206,7 +1206,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "10,518 (Democratic Republic of Congo) (refugees and asylum seekers), 8,948 (Burundi) (refugees and asylum seekers) (2021)" + "text": "10,560 (Democratic Republic of Congo) (refugees and asylum seekers), 8,198 (Burundi) (refugees and asylum seekers) (2021)" }, "IDPs": { "text": "668,000 (violence between the government and an opposition group, violence associated with extremists groups in 2018, political violence 2019) (2021)" diff --git a/africa/ng.json b/africa/ng.json index 0ec48fa1..f31e8703 100644 --- a/africa/ng.json +++ b/africa/ng.json @@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ } }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Niger (shared with Guinea, Mali, and Nigeria) - 4,200 km; " + "text": "Niger (shared with Guinea [s], Mali, Benin, and Nigeria [m]) - 4,200 kmone of the larger telecom markets in Africa subject to sporadic access to electricity and vandalism of infrastructure; most Internet connections are via mobile networks; foreign investment presence, particularly from China; market competition with affordable access; LTE technologies available but GSM is dominate; mobile penetration high due to use of multiple SIM cards and phones; government committed to expanding broadband penetration; operators to deploy fiber optic cable in six geopolitical zones and Lagos; operators invested in base stations to deplete network congestion; submarine cable break in 2020 slowed speeds and interrupted connectivity; importer of phones and broadcast equipment from China (2020)
(2020)" + "text": "one of the larger telecom markets in Africa subject to sporadic access to electricity and vandalism of infrastructure; most Internet connections are via mobile networks; foreign investment presence, particularly from China; market competition with affordable access; LTE technologies available but GSM is dominate; mobile penetration high due to use of multiple SIM cards and phones; government committed to expanding broadband penetration; operators to deploy fiber optic cable in six geopolitical zones and Lagos; operators invested in base stations to deplete network congestion; submarine cable break in 2020 slowed speeds and interrupted connectivity; importer of phones and broadcast equipment from China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line subscribership remains less than 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular services growing rapidly, in part responding to the shortcomings of the fixed-line network; multiple cellular providers operate nationally with subscribership base over 88 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1165,10 +1165,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "728" + "text": "791" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 15, oil tanker 110, other 603 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 14, oil tanker 110, other 667 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1220,7 +1220,7 @@ "text": "18-26 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2019)" }, "Military - note": { - "text": "as of 2021, the Nigerian military was sub-Saharan Africa’s largest and regarded as one of its most capable forces; it was focused largely on internal security and faced a number of challenges; in the northeast, the military was conducting counterinsurgency/counter-terrorist operations against the Boko Haram (BH) and Islamic State in West Africa (ISWA) terrorist groups, where it has deployed as many as 70,000 troops at times and jihadist-related violence has killed an estimated 35,000 people, mostly civilians, since 2009 (as of Dec 2020); in the northwest, it faced threats from criminal gangs, bandits, and militants associated with ongoing farmer-herder violence, as well as BH and ISWA terrorists; the military also protected the oil industry in the Niger Delta region against militants and criminal activity, although the levels of violence there have decreased in recent years; in May 2021, a contingent of military troops and police were deployed to eastern Nigeria to quell renewed agitation for a state of Biafra (Biafra seceded from Nigeria in the late 1960s, sparking a civil war that caused more than 1 million deaths)" + "text": "as of 2021, the Nigerian military was sub-Saharan Africa’s largest and regarded as one of its most capable forces; it was focused largely on internal security and faced a number of challenges that have stretched its resources, however; in the northeast, the military was conducting counterinsurgency/counter-terrorist operations against the Boko Haram (BH) and Islamic State in West Africa (ISWA) terrorist groups, where it has deployed as many as 70,000 troops at times and jihadist-related violence has killed an estimated 35,000 people, mostly civilians, since 2009 (as of Dec 2020); in the northwest, it faced growing threats from criminal gangs, bandits, and violence associated with historical and ongoing farmer-herder conflicts, as well as BH and ISWA terrorists; bandits in the northwest are estimated to number in the low 10,000s and violence there has killed more than 10,000 since the mid-2010s; in 2021, the military also continued to protect the oil industry in the Niger Delta region against militants and criminal activity, although the levels of violence there have decreased in recent years; in May 2021, a contingent of military troops and police were deployed to eastern Nigeria to quell renewed agitation for a state of Biafra (Biafra seceded from Nigeria in the late 1960s, sparking a civil war that caused more than 1 million deaths)the Nigerian military traces its origins to the Nigeria Regiment of the West African Frontier Force (WAFF), a multi-regiment force formed by the British colonial office in 1900 to garrison the West African colonies of Nigeria (Lagos and the protectorates of Northern and Southern Nigeria), Gold Coast, Sierra Leone, and Gambia; the WAFF served with distinction in both East and West Africa during World War I; in 1928, it received royal recognition and was re-named the Royal West African Frontier Force (RWAFF); the RWAFF went on to serve in World War II as part of the British 81st and 82nd (West African) divisions in the East Africa and Burma campaigns; in 1956, the Nigeria Regiment of the RWAFF was renamed the Nigerian Military Forces (NMF) and in 1958, the colonial government of Nigeria took over control of the NMF from the British War Office; the Nigerian Armed Forces were established following independence in 1960
" } }, "Terrorism": { @@ -1235,7 +1235,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "68,574 (Cameroon) (2021)" + "text": "69,380 (Cameroon) (2021)" }, "IDPs": { "text": "3,024,199 (northeast Nigeria; Boko Haram attacks and counterinsurgency efforts in northern Nigeria; communal violence between Christians and Muslims in the middle belt region, political violence; flooding; forced evictions; cattle rustling; competition for resources) (2021)" diff --git a/africa/od.json b/africa/od.json index be774e96..5d372207 100644 --- a/africa/od.json +++ b/africa/od.json @@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ "text": "1,000 sq km (2012)" }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Nile (shared with Rwanda [s], Tanzania, Uganda, Sudan, and Egypt [m]) - 6,650 kmfrom 2012-2020, the Economic Community of West Africa (ECOWAS) deployed a security force to Guinea-Bissau to manage the post-coup transition, including protecting key political figures and public buildings, restoring civil institutions, and re-establishing the rule of law; at the height of the deployment, the force, known as the ECOWAS Mission in Guinea-Bissau (ECOMIB), deployed nearly 700 military and police personnel from Burkina Faso, Nigeria, and Senegal
" } }, "Transnational Issues": { diff --git a/africa/rw.json b/africa/rw.json index 5393ff83..25b6c17d 100644 --- a/africa/rw.json +++ b/africa/rw.json @@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ } }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Nile river source (shared with Tanzania, Uganda, South Sudan, Sudan, and Egypt [m]) - 6,650 kmtelecom market impacted by energy shortages and instability in neighboring states; government investing in smart city infrastructure; growing economy and foreign aid from South Korea help launch telecom sector, despite widespread poverty; expansion of LTE services; competing operators roll out national fiber optic backbone through connection to submarine cables, ending expensive dependence on satellite; importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "telecom market impacted by energy shortages and instability in neighboring states; government investing in smart city infrastructure; growing economy and foreign aid from South Korea help launch telecom sector, despite widespread poverty; expansion of LTE services; competing operators roll out national fiber optic backbone through connection to submarine cables, ending expensive dependence on satellite; importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "the capital, Kigali, is connected to provincial centers by microwave radio relay, and recently by cellular telephone service; much of the network depends on wire and HF radiotelephone; fixed-line less than 1 per 100 and mobile-cellular telephone density has increased to 76 telephones per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1142,7 +1142,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "77,252 (Democratic Republic of the Congo), 47,669 (Burundi) (2021)" + "text": "77,252 (Democratic Republic of the Congo), 47,806 (Burundi) (2021)" } } } diff --git a/africa/se.json b/africa/se.json index de479e91..136e18ba 100644 --- a/africa/se.json +++ b/africa/se.json @@ -308,18 +308,18 @@ "text": "13 years" }, "female": { - "text": "16 years (2019)" + "text": "15 years (2020)" } }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { "total": { - "text": "9.7%" + "text": "16.4%" }, "male": { - "text": "10.3%" + "text": "17.4%" }, "female": { - "text": "9% (2019 est.)" + "text": "15.5% (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -884,18 +884,18 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "20,122" + "text": "18,882 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "21.17 (2019 est.)" + "text": "19.2 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "193,672" + "text": "183,498 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "203.78 (2019 est.)" + "text": "186.6 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { @@ -926,10 +926,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "26,974" + "text": "34,966 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "28.38 (2019 est.)" + "text": "35.55 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -997,10 +997,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "26" + "text": "27" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 4, oil tanker 6, other 16 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 5, oil tanker 6, other 16 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1011,7 +1011,8 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "Seychelles People’s Defence Forces (SPDF): Army (includes infantry, special forces, and a presidential security unit), Coast Guard, and Air Force (2021)" + "text": "Seychelles People’s Defense Forces (SPDF): Army (includes infantry, special forces, and a presidential security unit), Coast Guard, and Air Force; Ministry of Internal Affairs: Seychelles Police Force (includes unarmed police and an armed paramilitary Police Special Support Wing, the Anti-Narcotics Bureau, and the Marine Police Unit) (2021)universal mobile penetration since 2019; mobile broadband accounts for 97% of Internet access; 3G and LTE services for half of the population; African consortium issued a bond to finance network upgrades and services; importer of broadcasting equipment from UAE and China (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "universal mobile penetration since 2019; mobile broadband accounts for 97% of Internet access; 3G and LTE services for half of the population; African consortium issued a bond to finance network upgrades and services; importer of broadcasting equipment from UAE and China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "generally reliable urban system with a fiber-optic network; about two-thirds of all fixed-line connections are in Dakar; mobile-cellular service is steadily displacing fixed-line service, even in urban areas; fixed-line 1 per 100 and mobile-cellular 110 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1127,10 +1124,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "34" + "text": "35" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 4, oil tanker 1, other 29 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 5, oil tanker 1, other 29 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1141,7 +1138,8 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "Senegalese Armed Forces (Forces Armées Sénégalaises, FAS): Army, Senegalese National Navy (Marine Senegalaise, MNS), Senegalese Air Force (Armee de l'Air du Senegal), National Gendarmerie (includes Territorial and Mobile components) (2021)" + "text": "Senegalese Armed Forces (Forces Armées Sénégalaises, FAS): Army, Senegalese National Navy (Marine Senegalaise, MNS), Senegalese Air Force (Armee de l'Air du Senegal), National Gendarmerie (includes Territorial and Mobile components); Ministry of Interior: National Police (2021)", + "note": "note - the National Police operates in major cities, while the Gendarmerie primarily operates outside urban areas" }, "Military expenditures": { "Military Expenditures 2020": { @@ -1174,6 +1172,11 @@ "text": "18 years of age for voluntary military service; 20 years of age for selective conscript service; 2-year service obligation; women have been accepted into military service since 2008 (2019)" } }, + "Terrorism": { + "Terrorist group(s)": { + "text": "Jama’at Nusrat al-Islam wal-Muslimin (JNIM)" + } + }, "Transnational Issues": { "Disputes - international": { "text": "cross-border trafficking in persons, timber, wildlife, and cannabis; rebels from the Movement of Democratic Forces in the Casamance find refuge in Guinea-Bissau
" diff --git a/africa/sl.json b/africa/sl.json index c4f28caf..0429bdbf 100644 --- a/africa/sl.json +++ b/africa/sl.json @@ -981,7 +981,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "telecom sector is recovering from the decades of war, yet still constrained by inadequate power and pervasive corruption; recently installed terrestrial fiber backbone infrastructure; telephone service improving with the rapid growth of mobile sector; operators increased investment to provide national coverage; LTE available in some parts of the country; construction of 600 km ECOWAS Wide Area Network completed; fiber link to Guinea completed; importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "telecom sector is recovering from the decades of war, yet still constrained by inadequate power and pervasive corruption; recently installed terrestrial fiber backbone infrastructure; telephone service improving with the rapid growth of mobile sector; operators increased investment to provide national coverage; LTE available in some parts of the country; construction of 600 km ECOWAS Wide Area Network completed; fiber link to Guinea completed; importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line less than 1 per 100 and mobile-cellular 86 per 100 (2019)" @@ -1064,10 +1064,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "557" + "text": "591" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 31, container ship 12, general cargo 286, oil tanker 104, other 124 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 30, container ship 9, general cargo 319, oil tanker 108, other 125 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1078,7 +1078,7 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "Republic of Sierra Leone Armed Forces (RSLAF): combined ground, air, and maritime forces (2021)" + "text": "Republic of Sierra Leone Armed Forces (RSLAF): operates under a Joint Force Command with Land Forces, Maritime Forces, and an Air Wing (2021)" }, "Military expenditures": { "Military Expenditures 2020": { diff --git a/africa/so.json b/africa/so.json index c658c048..2cc9b7ff 100644 --- a/africa/so.json +++ b/africa/so.json @@ -892,18 +892,18 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "74,800" + "text": "74,800 (2018)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "1 (2018 est.)" + "text": "less than 1 (2018 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "5,612,338" + "text": "7,653,040 (2018)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "48.8 (2019 est.)" + "text": "50.99 (2018 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { @@ -934,10 +934,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "92,000" + "text": "98,000 (2017 est.)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "1 (2017 est.)" + "text": "less than 1 (2017 est.)" } } }, @@ -1002,7 +1002,7 @@ "text": "4" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 1, other 3 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 1, other 3 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1013,7 +1013,7 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "Somali National Security Forces: Somali National Army (SNA), Somali National Police (SNP, includes a maritime unit), National Intelligence and Security Agency (NISA) (2021)", + "text": "Somali National Security Forces: Somali National Army (SNA), Somali National Police (SNP, includes a maritime unit and a Turkish-trained commando unit known as Harmacad, or Cheetah), National Intelligence and Security Agency (NISA) (2021)", "note": "note: Somalia has numerous militia formations operating throughout the country; these formations include ones that are clan- and warlord-based, semi-official paramilitary and special police forces (aka darwish), and externally-sponsored militias; the SNA is attempting to incorporate some of these militia units" }, "Military expenditures": { diff --git a/africa/su.json b/africa/su.json index 6ab0620d..4dbdf741 100644 --- a/africa/su.json +++ b/africa/su.json @@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ "text": "18,900 sq km (2012)" }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Nile (shared with Rwanda [s], Tanzania, Uganda, South Sudan, and Egypt [m]) - 6,650 km; Blue Nile (shared with Ethiopia [s]) - 1,600 km
note – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth
Nile (shared with Rwanda [s], Tanzania, Uganda, South Sudan, and Egypt [m]) - 6,650 km; Blue Nile river mouth (shared with Ethiopia [s]) - 1,600 km
note – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth
Nile (shared with Rwanda [s], Tanzania, Uganda, South Sudan, and Egypt [m]) - 6,650 km; Blue Nile (shared with Ethiopia [s]) - 1,600 km
note – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth
Nile (shared with Rwanda [s], Tanzania, Uganda, South Sudan, and Egypt [m]) - 6,650 km; Blue Nile river mouth (shared with Ethiopia [s]) - 1,600 km
note – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth
Tunisia has one of the most sophisticated telecom infrastructures in North Africa; penetration rates for mobile and Internet services are among the highest in the region; government program of regulation and infrastructure projects aims to improve Internet connectivity to underserved areas; operators built extensive LTE infrastructure in 2019, and are developing 5G networks and services; Chinese company Huawei invested in LTE network; operator planning nano-satellite launches in 2023; Internet censorship abolished, though concerns of government surveillance remain; legislation passed in 2017 supporting e-commerce and active e-government; importer of integrated circuits and broadcasting equipment from China (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "Tunisia has one of the most sophisticated telecom infrastructures in North Africa; penetration rates for mobile and Internet services are among the highest in the region; government program of regulation and infrastructure projects aims to improve Internet connectivity to underserved areas; operators built extensive LTE infrastructure in 2019, and are developing 5G networks and services; Chinese company Huawei invested in LTE network; operator planning nano-satellite launches in 2023; Internet censorship abolished, though concerns of government surveillance remain; legislation passed in 2017 supporting e-commerce and active e-government; importer of integrated circuits and broadcasting equipment from China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "in an effort to jumpstart expansion of the fixed-line network, the government awarded a concession to build and operate a VSAT network with international connectivity; rural areas are served by wireless local loops; competition between several mobile-cellular service providers has resulted in lower activation and usage charges and a strong surge in subscribership; fixed-line is 12 per 100 and mobile-cellular teledensity has reached about 126 telephones per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1075,10 +1075,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "69" + "text": "71" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 9, oil tanker 1, other 59 (2020)" + "text": "container ship 1, general cargo 8 oil tanker 1, other 61 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1118,7 +1118,7 @@ "text": "20-23 years of age for compulsory service, 1-year service obligation; 18-23 years of age for voluntary service (2019)" }, "Military - note": { - "text": "Tunisia has Major Non-NATO Ally (MNNA) status with the US; MNNA is a designation under US law that provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense trade and security cooperation; while MNNA status provides military and economic privileges, it does not entail any security commitments" + "text": "as of 2021, the Tunisian military’s primary operational areas of focus were counter-terrorism, counterinsurgency, and border security; it was conducting counter-terrorism and counterinsurgency operations against al-Qa’ida in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM) and Islamic State of ash-Sham (ISIS)-linked militants who have been fighting a low-intensity insurgency, mostly in the mountainous region along the border with Algeria, particularly the Chaambi Mountains near the city of Kasserine; the military maintained the lead role for security in this area and also routinely conducted joint operations with Algerian security forces against these groups, as well to counter smuggling and trafficking activities; the military in recent years also has increased its role in securing the southern border against militant activity, smuggling, and trafficking from war-torn Libya; since 2015, Tunisia has constructed a complex structure of berms, trenches, and water-filled moats, complemented by electronic surveillance equipment such as motion detectors, ground surveillance radars, and infrared sensors along the 220-kilometer border with Libya; in the remote southern areas of the border with Libya, buffer/exclusion zones have also been established where the military has the lead for counter-terrorism efforts; outside of these border areas, the Ministry of Interior has the lead responsibility for counter-terrorism in Tunisia, particularly for urban areas; the National Police Anti-Terrorism Brigade (BAT) and the National Guard Special Unit have the lead for MOI counterterrorism operations
Tunisia has Major Non-NATO Ally (MNNA) status with the US; MNNA is a designation under US law that provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense trade and security cooperation; while MNNA status provides military and economic privileges, it does not entail any security commitments
Nile (shared with Rwanda [s], Tanzania, South Sudan, Sudan, and Egypt [m]) - 6,650 km
note – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth
Nile (shared with Rwanda [s], Tanzania, South Sudan, Sudan, and Egypt [m]) - 6,650 km
note – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth
Nile (shared with Rwanda [s], Tanzania, South Sudan, Sudan, and Egypt [m]) - 6,650 km
note – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth
Nile (shared with Rwanda [s], Tanzania, South Sudan, Sudan, and Egypt [m]) - 6,650 km
note – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth
1,218,754 (2021)
" + "text": "1,407,685 (2021)
" } } } diff --git a/africa/wa.json b/africa/wa.json index 39b1402b..35f8a9f9 100644 --- a/africa/wa.json +++ b/africa/wa.json @@ -93,15 +93,15 @@ "Irrigated land": { "text": "80 sq km (2012)" }, + "Major rivers (by length in km)": { + "text": "Zambezi (shared with Zambia [s]), Angola, Botswana, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique [m]) - 2,740 km; Orange river mouth (shared with Lesotho [s], and South Africa) - 2,092 km; Okavango (shared with Angola [s], and Botswana [m]) - 1,600 kmgood competition in mobile market and investment in LTE government program to provide 95% of population with broadband by 2024; 5G delayed due to public concerns of privacy and security; high prices for international bandwidth due to lack of submarine cables, yet improved by diversification of satellite access (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "good competition in mobile market and investment in LTE government program to provide 95% of population with broadband by 2024; 5G delayed due to public concerns of privacy and security; high prices for international bandwidth due to lack of submarine cables, yet improved by diversification of satellite access (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line subscribership is 6 per 100 and mobile-cellular 113 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1039,10 +1039,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "63,314" + "text": "71,063 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "2.45 (2019 est.)" + "text": "2.8 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1124,7 +1124,7 @@ "text": "14" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 1, other 13 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 1, other 13 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1135,7 +1135,7 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "Namibian Defense Force (NDF): Army, Navy, Air Force; Namibian Police Force: Special Field Force (paramilitary unit responsible for protecting borders and government installations) (2021)" + "text": "Namibian Defense Force (NDF): Army, Navy, Air Forcethe UEDF was originally created in 1973 as the Royal Swaziland Defense Force; as of 2021, the UEDF’s primary mission was external security but it also had domestic security responsibilities, including protecting members of the royal family; the king is the UEDF commander in chief and holds the position of minister of defense, although the UEDF reports to the Army commander and principal undersecretary of defense for day-to-day operations; the Royal Eswatini Police Service (REPS) is responsible for maintaining internal security as well as migration and border crossing enforcement; it is under the prime minister, although the king is the force’s titular commissioner in chief
" } }, "Transnational Issues": { diff --git a/africa/za.json b/africa/za.json index 437b9468..17f95a36 100644 --- a/africa/za.json +++ b/africa/za.json @@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ } }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "
Zambezi river source (shared with Angola, Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique [m]) - 2,740 km
note – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth
Congo river source (shared with Angola, Republic of Congo, and Democratic Republic of Congo [m]) - 4,700 km; Zambezi river source (shared with Angola, Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique [m]) - 2,740 km
note – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth
Zambezi river source (shared with Angola, Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique [m]) - 2,740 km
note – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth
Congo river source (shared with Angola, Republic of Congo, and Democratic Republic of Congo [m]) - 4,700 km; Zambezi river source (shared with Angola, Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique [m]) - 2,740 km
note – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth
service is among the best in Sub-Saharan Africa; regulator promotes competition and is a partner to private sector service providers, offering mobile voice and Internet at some of the lowest prices in the region; investment made in data centers, education centers, and computer assembly training plants; operators invest in 3G and LTE-based services; Chinese company Huawei is helping to upgrade state-owned mobile infrastructure for 5G services; operators focused on improvements to towers (2020)
(2020)" + "text": "service is among the best in Sub-Saharan Africa; regulator promotes competition and is a partner to private sector service providers, offering mobile voice and Internet at some of the lowest prices in the region; investment made in data centers, education centers, and computer assembly training plants; operators invest in 3G and LTE-based services; Chinese company Huawei is helping to upgrade state-owned mobile infrastructure for 5G services; operators focused on improvements to towers (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fiber optic connections are available between most larger towns and cities with microwave radio relays serving more rural areas; 3G and LTE with FttX in limited urban areas and private Ku or Ka band VSAT terminals in remote locations; fixed-line 1 per 100 and mobile-cellular 96 per 100 (2019)" @@ -1126,10 +1126,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "1" + "text": "2" }, "by type": { - "text": "other 1 (2019)" + "text": "general cargo 1, oil tanker 1 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1178,7 +1178,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "63,279 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (refugees and asylum seekers), 8,742 (Burundi) (refugees and asylum seekers) (2021)" + "text": "63,681 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (refugees and asylum seekers), 7,821 (Burundi) (refugees and asylum seekers) (2021)" } }, "Trafficking in persons": { diff --git a/africa/zi.json b/africa/zi.json index 1053319e..012a3c5a 100644 --- a/africa/zi.json +++ b/africa/zi.json @@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ "text": "1,740 sq km (2012)" }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Zambezi (shared with Zambia [s]), Angola, Namibia, Botswana, and Mozambique [m]) - 2,740 km; Limpopo (shared with South Africa [s], Botswana, and Mozambique [m]) - 1,800 km
note – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth
Zambezi (shared with Zambia [s]), Angola, Namibia, Botswana, and Mozambique [m]) - 2,740 km; Limpopo (shared with South Africa [s], Botswana, and Mozambique [m]) - 1,800 km
note – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth
Zambezi (shared with Zambia [s]), Angola, Namibia, Botswana, and Mozambique [m]) - 2,740 km; Limpopo (shared with South Africa [s], Botswana, and Mozambique [m]) - 1,800 km
note – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth
Zambezi (shared with Zambia [s]), Angola, Namibia, Botswana, and Mozambique [m]) - 2,740 km; Limpopo (shared with South Africa [s], Botswana, and Mozambique [m]) - 1,800 km
note – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth
the pandemic, drought, and rising hyperinflation have devastated the economy and hindered foreign investment; regulator extended tax exemption for Huawei, raising concerns of independence; mobile tariffs were increased three times since mid-2019, raising consumer prices; Internet is limited, exacerbated by inadequate electricity; mobile Internet connections make up almost all Internet connections; competition has driven some expansion of the telecommunications sector, though operators warn that lack of government investment will cause further deterioration, especially in rural areas; mobile network operators continue to invest in e-commerce and e-banking; slow progress on national and international fiber backbone network, as well as 3G and LTE mobile-broadband services; international bandwidth through submarine cables via neighboring countries (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "the pandemic, drought, and rising hyperinflation have devastated the economy and hindered foreign investment; regulator extended tax exemption for Huawei, raising concerns of independence; mobile tariffs were increased three times since mid-2019, raising consumer prices; Internet is limited, exacerbated by inadequate electricity; mobile Internet connections make up almost all Internet connections; competition has driven some expansion of the telecommunications sector, though operators warn that lack of government investment will cause further deterioration, especially in rural areas; mobile network operators continue to invest in e-commerce and e-banking; slow progress on national and international fiber backbone network, as well as 3G and LTE mobile-broadband services; international bandwidth through submarine cables via neighboring countries (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "consists of microwave radio relay links, open-wire lines, radiotelephone communication stations, fixed wireless local loop installations, fiber-optic cable, VSAT terminals, and a substantial mobile-cellular network; Internet connection is most readily available in Harare and major towns; two government owned and two private cellular providers; fixed-line 2 per 100 and mobile-cellular 90 per 100 (2019)" @@ -1154,7 +1154,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "11,408 (Democratic Republic of Congo) (refugees and asylum seekers) (2021)" + "text": "11,191 (Democratic Republic of Congo) (refugees and asylum seekers) (2021)" } }, "Trafficking in persons": { diff --git a/antarctica/fs.json b/antarctica/fs.json index c14e4f3d..a8b02042 100644 --- a/antarctica/fs.json +++ b/antarctica/fs.json @@ -231,10 +231,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "3" + "text": "2" }, "by type": { - "text": "other 3 (2020)" + "text": "other 2 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/aq.json b/australia-oceania/aq.json index 79f1b47e..9f6a30cc 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/aq.json +++ b/australia-oceania/aq.json @@ -345,7 +345,7 @@ } }, "Government type": { - "text": "unincorporated, unorganized Territory of the US with local self-government; republican form of government with separate executive, legislative, and judicial branches;" + "text": "unincorporated, unorganized Territory of the US with local self-government; republican form of territorial government with separate executive, legislative, and judicial branches;" }, "Dependency status": { "text": "unincorporated, unorganized Territory of the US; administered by the Office of Insular Affairs, US Department of the Interior" diff --git a/australia-oceania/as.json b/australia-oceania/as.json index e0cd7ae7..20bf5da5 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/as.json +++ b/australia-oceania/as.json @@ -330,13 +330,13 @@ }, "School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": { "total": { - "text": "21 years" + "text": "22 years" }, "male": { - "text": "20 years" + "text": "21 years" }, "female": { - "text": "21 years (2018)" + "text": "22 years (2019)" } }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { @@ -1105,7 +1105,7 @@ "text": "581" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 3, general cargo 78, oil tanker 6, other 494 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 2, general cargo 76, oil tanker 7, other 496 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1157,7 +1157,7 @@ "text": "17 years of age for voluntary military service (with parental consent); no conscription (abolished 1973); women allowed to serve in all roles (2021)" }, "Military - note": { - "text": "Australia has Major Non-NATO Ally (MNNA) status with the US; MNNA is a designation under US law that provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense trade and security cooperation; while MNNA status provides military and economic privileges, it does not entail any security commitments" + "text": "Australia has been part of the Australia, New Zealand, and US Security (ANZUS) Treaty since 1951; Australia and the US signed an agreement in 2014 that allowed for closer bi-lateral defense and security cooperation, including annual rotations of US Marines and enhanced rotations of US Air Force aircraft to Australia; Australia has Major Non-NATO Ally (MNNA) status with the US, a designation under US law that provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense trade and security cooperation; Australian military forces often train with US forces; Australian and US forces first fought together in France in 1918 at the Battle of Hamel, and have fought together in every major US conflict since
Australia has long-standing defense and security ties to the UK, including a Defense and Security Cooperation Treaty signed in 2013; in 2020, Australia and the UK signed a memorandum of understanding to cooperate on the building of a next generation of frigates for their respective navies; the Australia-UK Ministerial Consultations (AUKMIN) is their premier bilateral forum on foreign policy, defense, and security issues
in 2021, Australia, the UK, and the US announced an enhanced trilateral security partnership called “AUKUS” which would build on existing bilateral ties, including deeper integration of defense and security-related science, technology, industrial bases, and supply chains, as well as deeper cooperation on a range of defense and security capabilities; the first initiative under AUKUS was a commitment to support Australia in acquiring conventionally armed nuclear-powered submarines for the Royal Australian Navy
since the 1990s, Australia has deployed more than 30,000 personnel on nearly 100 UN and coalition military operations, including in Cambodia, Rwanda, Somalia, and East Timor
" } }, "Terrorism": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/bp.json b/australia-oceania/bp.json index 08c82e96..bc227705 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/bp.json +++ b/australia-oceania/bp.json @@ -1009,7 +1009,7 @@ "text": "24" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 8, oil tanker 1, other 15 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 8, oil tanker 1, other 15 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1020,7 +1020,7 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "no regular military forces; Royal Solomon Islands Police Force" + "text": "no regular military forces; the Royal Solomon Islands Police is responsible for internal and external security and reports to the Ministry of Police, National Security, and Correctional Services" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the maritime branch of the Royal Solomon Islands Police Force operates patrol boats provided by Australia (2021)" diff --git a/australia-oceania/cq.json b/australia-oceania/cq.json index ad504670..106209fe 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/cq.json +++ b/australia-oceania/cq.json @@ -341,7 +341,7 @@ } }, "Government type": { - "text": "republican form of government with separate executive, legislative, and judicial branches; a commonwealth in political union with and under the sovereignty of the US" + "text": "a commonwealth in political union with and under the sovereignty of the US; republican form of government with separate executive, legislative, and judicial branches" }, "Dependency status": { "text": "commonwealth in political union with and under the sovereignty of the US; federal funds to the Commonwealth administered by the US Department of the Interior, Office of Insular Affairs" diff --git a/australia-oceania/cw.json b/australia-oceania/cw.json index b32e8edd..9354518a 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/cw.json +++ b/australia-oceania/cw.json @@ -719,18 +719,18 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "3,305" + "text": "6,576 (2017)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "37.56 (2019 est.)" + "text": "37.56 (2017 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "7,308" + "text": "14,539 (2017)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "83.05 (2019 est.)" + "text": "83.05 (2017 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { @@ -758,6 +758,14 @@ "percent of population": { "text": "54% (July 2018 est.)" } + }, + "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { + "total": { + "text": "2,700 (2013)" + }, + "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { + "text": "15.14 (2013)" + } } }, "Transportation": { @@ -812,10 +820,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "204" + "text": "194" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 22, container ship 1, general cargo 80, oil tanker 34, other 67 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 19, container ship 1, general cargo 57, oil tanker 54, other 63 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/fj.json b/australia-oceania/fj.json index 76c26de4..ee9b4215 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/fj.json +++ b/australia-oceania/fj.json @@ -478,9 +478,6 @@ "time difference": { "text": "UTC+12 (17 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)" }, - "daylight saving time": { - "text": "+1hr, begins first Sunday in November; ends second Sunday in January" - }, "etymology": { "text": "the name means \"little hill\" in the native Fijian (iTaukei) language and refers to a mound where a temple once stood" } @@ -527,7 +524,7 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Jioji Konousi KONROTE (since 12 November 2015)" + "text": "President Ratu Wiliame KATONIVERE (since 12 November 2021)" }, "head of government": { "text": "Prime Minister Voreqe \"Frank\" BAINIMARAMA (since 22 September 2014)" @@ -945,23 +942,23 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "80,650" + "text": "76,522 (2018)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "8.66 (2019 est.)" + "text": "8.66 (2018 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "1,097,345" + "text": "1,033,920 (2018)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "117.83 (2019 est.)" + "text": "117.8 (2019 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "Fiji has a relatively sophisticated communications infrastructure with the highest mobile and Internet penetration in the Pacific Islands; aggressively developing LTE and 5G, though the pandemic negatively affected the economy, largely reliant on tourism; population is spread across more than 100 islands, yet most live on two main islands, with communications based on link by a submarine cable system; cables provide a secure link during natural disasters, protecting telecom connectivity; provider plans to expand fiber infrastructure to remote islands (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "Fiji has a relatively sophisticated communications infrastructure with the highest mobile and Internet penetration in the Pacific Islands; aggressively developing LTE and 5G, though the pandemic negatively affected the economy, largely reliant on tourism; population is spread across more than 100 islands, yet most live on two main islands, with communications based on link by a submarine cable system; cables provide a secure link during natural disasters, protecting telecom connectivity; provider plans to expand fiber infrastructure to remote islands (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line 9 per 100 persons and mobile-cellular teledensity roughly 118 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -987,10 +984,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "13,033" + "text": "13,033 (2018)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "1 (2018 est.)" + "text": "1.48 (2018 est.)" } } }, @@ -1067,10 +1064,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "70" + "text": "73" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 18, oil tanker 4, other 48 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 20, oil tanker 4, other 49 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1112,6 +1109,9 @@ }, "Military service age and obligation": { "text": "18 years of age for voluntary military service; mandatory retirement at age 55 (2019)" + }, + "Military - note": { + "text": "the RFMF consists of only 1 infantry regiment and a small naval element with a few patrol boats; as of 2021, it did not possess any aircraft
the RFMF has a history of intervening in the country’s politics since the late 1980s, including coups in 1987 and 2006, and a mutiny in 2000
the RFMF also has a long tradition of participating in UN peacekeeping operations; since its first deployment of troops to South Lebanon in 1978 under the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL), it has deployed troops on nearly 20 additional UN missions
" } }, "Transnational Issues": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/fm.json b/australia-oceania/fm.json index 179dffdf..5fd6de43 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/fm.json +++ b/australia-oceania/fm.json @@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ "text": "12.6% (2018)" }, "Hospital bed density": { - "text": "3.2 beds/1,000 population (2009)" + "text": "3.2 beds/1,000 population" }, "Sanitation facility access": { "improved: total": { @@ -834,15 +834,15 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "6,420" + "text": "6,947 (2018)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "6.23 (2019 est.)" + "text": "6.23 (2018 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "21,374" + "text": "23,114 (2018)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { "text": "20.74 (2019 est.)" @@ -876,10 +876,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "3,776" + "text": "3,776 (2018 est.)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "4 (2017 est.)" + "text": "3.39 (2019 est.)" } } }, @@ -911,7 +911,7 @@ "text": "38" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 18, oil tanker 4, other 16 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 19, oil tanker 4, other 15 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/fp.json b/australia-oceania/fp.json index 140fda6f..a6dd1a97 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/fp.json +++ b/australia-oceania/fp.json @@ -773,23 +773,23 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "63,769" + "text": "60,123 (2018)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "21.78 (2019 est.)" + "text": "32.51 (2018 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "305,233" + "text": "302,673 (2018)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "104.25 (2019 est.)" + "text": "104.3 (2019 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "French Polynesia has one of the most advanced telecom infrastructures in the Pacific islands; high penetration of mobile broadband coverage; almost half of mobile connections on 3G, growing subscribership to 4G LTE; universal mobile penetration; host of uplink systems for the Galileo satellite network, creating hub for communications in the region and vastly improving international connectivity; submarine cable connections increase international bandwidth; additional domestic submarine cable will connect remote islands (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "French Polynesia has one of the most advanced telecom infrastructures in the Pacific islands; high penetration of mobile broadband coverage; almost half of mobile connections on 3G, growing subscribership to 4G LTE; universal mobile penetration; host of uplink systems for the Galileo satellite network, creating hub for communications in the region and vastly improving international connectivity; submarine cable connections increase international bandwidth; additional domestic submarine cable will connect remote islands (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line subscriptions 22 per 100 persons and mobile-cellular density is roughly 104 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -815,10 +815,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "59,790" + "text": "59,790 (2018)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "21 (2018 est.)" + "text": "21.53 (2018 est.)" } } }, @@ -886,7 +886,7 @@ "text": "24" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 14, other 10 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 14, other 10 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/gq.json b/australia-oceania/gq.json index f6970fe6..f5accd04 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/gq.json +++ b/australia-oceania/gq.json @@ -371,7 +371,7 @@ } }, "Government type": { - "text": "republican form of government with separate executive, legislative, and judicial branches; unincorporated organized territory of the US with local self-government" + "text": "unincorporated organized territory of the US with local self-government; republican form of territorial government with separate executive, legislative, and judicial branches" }, "Dependency status": { "text": "unincorporated organized territory of the US with policy relations between Guam and the federal government under the jurisdiction of the Office of Insular Affairs, US Department of the Interior" @@ -744,18 +744,18 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "70,639" + "text": "68,000 (2018)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "42.01 (2019 est.)" + "text": "42.01 (2018 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "181,000" + "text": "98,000 (2004 est.)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "113 (July 2016 est.)" + "text": "61.99 (2004 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { @@ -783,6 +783,14 @@ "percent of population": { "text": "80.51% (July 2018 est.)" } + }, + "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { + "total": { + "text": "3,000 (2014)" + }, + "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { + "text": "1.86 (2019)" + } } }, "Transportation": { @@ -826,7 +834,7 @@ "text": "3" }, "by type": { - "text": "other 3 (2020)" + "text": "other 3 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/kr.json b/australia-oceania/kr.json index 235ea1e2..3b8b0dbc 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/kr.json +++ b/australia-oceania/kr.json @@ -299,26 +299,15 @@ "Education expenditures": { "text": "12.4% of GDP NA (2019)" }, - "School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": { - "total": { - "text": "12 years" - }, - "male": { - "text": "11 years" - }, - "female": { - "text": "12 years (2008)" - } - }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { "total": { - "text": "17.1%" + "text": "22.5%" }, "male": { - "text": "22.2%" + "text": "21.2%" }, "female": { - "text": "7.4% (2015 est.)" + "text": "24.6% (2019 est.)" } } }, @@ -851,18 +840,18 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "22" + "text": "33 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "less than 1 (2019 est.)" + "text": "less than 1 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "54,658" + "text": "54,661 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "49.41 (2019 est.)" + "text": "45.76 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { @@ -893,10 +882,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "105" + "text": "185 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "1 less than 1 (2018 est.)" + "text": "1 less than 1 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -949,10 +938,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "87" + "text": "88" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 2, general cargo 38, oil tanker 10, other 37 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 3, general cargo 35, oil tanker 12, other 38 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/nc.json b/australia-oceania/nc.json index 6bae9e5c..b4641e8e 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/nc.json +++ b/australia-oceania/nc.json @@ -803,7 +803,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "New Caledonia has a well-developed telecom sector with 3G and LTE network services; one of the highest smart phone adoption rates in the region; telecommunications sector is dominated by government-owned company with a monopoly on fixed and mobile services, Internet, and broadband access; hub for submarine cables that will increase competition and capacity; importer of broadcasting equipment and computers from France (2020)
(2020)" + "text": "New Caledonia has a well-developed telecom sector with 3G and LTE network services; one of the highest smart phone adoption rates in the region; telecommunications sector is dominated by government-owned company with a monopoly on fixed and mobile services, Internet, and broadband access; hub for submarine cables that will increase competition and capacity; importer of broadcasting equipment and computers from France (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line 29 per 100 and mobile-cellular telephone subscribership 96 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -877,10 +877,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "26" + "text": "24" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 5, oil tanker 1, other 20 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 5, oil tanker 1, other 18 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/ne.json b/australia-oceania/ne.json index 43bf684b..480e816d 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/ne.json +++ b/australia-oceania/ne.json @@ -694,10 +694,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "67" + "text": "69" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 5, container ship 1, general cargo 25, oil tanker 3, other 33 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 3, container ship 2, general cargo 25, oil tanker 7, other 32 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/nh.json b/australia-oceania/nh.json index 111ccac8..ff9899ad 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/nh.json +++ b/australia-oceania/nh.json @@ -333,6 +333,17 @@ "female": { "text": "86.7% (2018)" } + }, + "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { + "total": { + "text": "18%" + }, + "male": { + "text": "16.1%" + }, + "female": { + "text": "20.1% (2019 est.)" + } } }, "Environment": { @@ -897,7 +908,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "liberalized telecom services; mobile phones are primary means of communication; LTE services and rural satellite broadband services; mobile phone use in some rural areas is constrained by electricity shortages; investment in fixed-broadband infrastructure and installation of fiber-optic cables supported sector growth; mobile broadband infrastructure expanded in 2020, resulting in reduced consumer prices; Kacific-1 broadband satellite has improved broadband capacity and access since 2019; importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "liberalized telecom services; mobile phones are primary means of communication; LTE services and rural satellite broadband services; mobile phone use in some rural areas is constrained by electricity shortages; investment in fixed-broadband infrastructure and installation of fiber-optic cables supported sector growth; mobile broadband infrastructure expanded in 2020, resulting in reduced consumer prices; Kacific-1 broadband satellite has improved broadband capacity and access since 2019; importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line 1 per 100 and mobile-cellular 88 per 100 (2019)" @@ -991,10 +1002,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "345" + "text": "306" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 23, container ship 1, general cargo 43, other 278 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 18, container ship 2, general cargo 55, oil tanker 2, other 229 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/nr.json b/australia-oceania/nr.json index 2d5bd0c8..d648daf4 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/nr.json +++ b/australia-oceania/nr.json @@ -255,9 +255,6 @@ "Physicians density": { "text": "1.35 physicians/1,000 population (2015)" }, - "Hospital bed density": { - "text": "5 beds/1,000 population (2010)" - }, "Sanitation facility access": { "improved: urban": { "text": "urban: 96.3% of population" @@ -301,17 +298,6 @@ "Education expenditures": { "text": "NA" }, - "School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": { - "total": { - "text": "9 years" - }, - "male": { - "text": "9 years" - }, - "female": { - "text": "10 years (2008)" - } - }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { "total": { "text": "26.6%" @@ -825,15 +811,15 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "1,900" + "text": "0 (2018 est.)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "14 (July 2016 est.)" + "text": "0 (2018 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "9,212" + "text": "10,000 (2018)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { "text": "94.58 (2019 est.)" @@ -864,6 +850,14 @@ "percent of population": { "text": "57% (July 2018 est.)" } + }, + "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { + "total": { + "text": "950 (2010)" + }, + "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { + "text": "9.5 (2018)" + } } }, "Transportation": { @@ -910,10 +904,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "5" + "text": "3" }, "by type": { - "text": "oil tanker 2, other 3 (2020)" + "text": "oil tanker 1, other 2 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/nz.json b/australia-oceania/nz.json index fdfe1f6a..83e61fae 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/nz.json +++ b/australia-oceania/nz.json @@ -287,7 +287,7 @@ "text": "3.59 physicians/1,000 population (2018)" }, "Hospital bed density": { - "text": "2.7 beds/1,000 population (2017)" + "text": "2.6 beds/1,000 population (2019)" }, "Sanitation facility access": { "improved: urban": { @@ -331,24 +331,24 @@ }, "School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": { "total": { - "text": "19 years" + "text": "20 years" }, "male": { - "text": "18 years" + "text": "20 years" }, "female": { - "text": "20 years (2018)" + "text": "21 years (2019)" } }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { "total": { - "text": "11.3%" + "text": "12.4%" }, "male": { - "text": "11.1%" + "text": "12.2%" }, "female": { - "text": "11.5% (2019 est.)" + "text": "12.6% (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -962,7 +962,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "excellent domestic and international systems with progress in mobile services; LTE rates some of the fastest in the world; growth in mobile broadband and fiber sectors; roll out of 5G; investment and development of infrastructure enabled network capabilities to propel the digital economy, e-government, and e-commerce across the country; new satellite to improve telecom in the Asia Pacific region; importer of broadcasting equipment and computers from China (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "excellent domestic and international systems with progress in mobile services; LTE rates some of the fastest in the world; growth in mobile broadband and fiber sectors; roll out of 5G; investment and development of infrastructure enabled network capabilities to propel the digital economy, e-government, and e-commerce across the country; new satellite to improve telecom in the Asia Pacific region; importer of broadcasting equipment and computers from China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line 37 per 100 and mobile-cellular telephone subscribership 135 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -988,10 +988,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "1.647 million" + "text": "1.647 million (2018)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "34 (2018 est.)" + "text": "34.72 (2018 est.)" } } }, @@ -1076,10 +1076,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "114" + "text": "115" }, "by type": { - "text": "container ship 1, general cargo 12, oil tanker 4, other 97 (2020)" + "text": "container ship 1, general cargo 12, oil tanker 4, other 98 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1122,7 +1122,7 @@ "text": "17 years of age for voluntary military service; soldiers cannot be deployed until the age of 18; no conscription (2021)" }, "Military - note": { - "text": "New Zealand’s closest security partner is Australia; New Zealand is a member of the 1951 ANZUS Treaty Alliance with Australia and the US
New Zealand has Major Non-NATO Ally (MNNA) status with the US; MNNA is a designation under US law that provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense trade and security cooperation; while MNNA status provides military and economic privileges, it does not entail any security commitments
New Zealand has been part of the Australia, New Zealand, and US Security (ANZUS) Treaty since 1951; however, the US suspended its ANZUS security obligations to New Zealand in 1986 after New Zealand implemented a policy barring nuclear-armed and nuclear-powered warships from its ports; the US and New Zealand signed the Wellington Declaration in 2010, which reaffirmed close ties between the two countries, and in 2012 signed the Washington Declaration, which provided a framework for future security cooperation and defense dialogues; in 2016, a US naval ship conducted the first bilateral warship visit to New Zealand since the 1980s
New Zealand has Major Non-NATO Ally (MNNA) status with the US; MNNA is a designation under US law that provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense trade and security cooperation; while MNNA status provides military and economic privileges, it does not entail any security commitments
" } }, "Terrorism": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/ps.json b/australia-oceania/ps.json index cc124221..d715207c 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/ps.json +++ b/australia-oceania/ps.json @@ -267,9 +267,6 @@ "Physicians density": { "text": "1.42 physicians/1,000 population (2014)" }, - "Hospital bed density": { - "text": "4.8 beds/1,000 population (2010)" - }, "Sanitation facility access": { "improved: urban": { "text": "urban: 100% of population" @@ -910,10 +907,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "232" + "text": "264" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 13, container ship 7, general cargo 104, oil tanker 25, other 83 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 16, container ship 7, general cargo 107, oil tanker 40, other 94 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/rm.json b/australia-oceania/rm.json index 7f59ceee..c13ec979 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/rm.json +++ b/australia-oceania/rm.json @@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ "text": "0.42 physicians/1,000 population (2012)" }, "Hospital bed density": { - "text": "2.7 beds/1,000 population (2010)" + "text": "2.7 beds/1,000 population" }, "Sanitation facility access": { "improved: urban": { @@ -351,11 +351,14 @@ } }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { + "total": { + "text": "26%" + }, "male": { - "text": "12.2%" + "text": "31%" }, "female": { - "text": "8.7%" + "text": "14.2% (2019 est.)" } } }, @@ -895,15 +898,15 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "3,172" + "text": "2,361 (2018)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "4.13 (2019 est.)" + "text": "4.13 (2018 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "21,169" + "text": "16,000 (2018)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { "text": "27.56 (2019 est.)" @@ -937,10 +940,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "1,000" + "text": "1,000 (2017 est.)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "1 (2017 est.)" + "text": "1.72 (2019 est.)" } }, "Communications - note": { @@ -1005,10 +1008,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "3,683" + "text": "3,817" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 1,647, container ship 249, general cargo 73, oil tanker 915, other 799 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 1,733, container ship 248, general cargo 66, oil tanker 970, other 800 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/tn.json b/australia-oceania/tn.json index c42fc5c0..725e94c0 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/tn.json +++ b/australia-oceania/tn.json @@ -271,9 +271,6 @@ "Physicians density": { "text": "0.54 physicians/1,000 population (2013)" }, - "Hospital bed density": { - "text": "2.6 beds/1,000 population (2010)" - }, "Sanitation facility access": { "improved: urban": { "text": "urban: 96.6% of population" @@ -337,6 +334,17 @@ "text": "99.5% (2018)" } }, + "School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": { + "total": { + "text": "16 years" + }, + "male": { + "text": "15 years" + }, + "female": { + "text": "17 years (2020)" + } + }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { "total": { "text": "8.9%" @@ -1016,10 +1024,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "36" + "text": "32" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 1, container ship 4, general cargo 14, oil tanker 1, other 16 (2020)" + "text": "container ship 4, general cargo 13, oil tanker 1, other 14 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1030,7 +1038,7 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "Tonga Defense Services: Joint Force headquarters, Territorial Forces, Land Force, Tonga Navy, Training Wing, Air Wing, and Support Unit (2021)" + "text": "Tonga Defense Services (His Majesty's Armed Forces): Joint Force headquarters, Territorial Forces, Land Force, Tonga Navy, Training Wing, Air Wing, and Support Unit (2021)" }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { "text": "the Tonga Defense Services have approximately 500 personnel (2021)" diff --git a/australia-oceania/tv.json b/australia-oceania/tv.json index ee42a11c..119c2ed8 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/tv.json +++ b/australia-oceania/tv.json @@ -312,7 +312,7 @@ "text": "9.8%" }, "female": { - "text": "45.8% (2016)" + "text": "45.9% (2016)" } } }, @@ -863,10 +863,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "246" + "text": "245" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 20, container ship 3, general cargo 38, oil tanker 20, other 165 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 22, container ship 3, general cargo 32, oil tanker 21, other 167 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -877,7 +877,7 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "no regular military forces; Tuvalu Police Force" + "text": "no regular military forces; Tuvalu Police Force (Ministry of Justice, Communications, and Foreign Affairs)" } }, "Transnational Issues": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/wf.json b/australia-oceania/wf.json index de75b31c..d0276550 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/wf.json +++ b/australia-oceania/wf.json @@ -669,6 +669,14 @@ "text": "1 (2019)" } }, + "Merchant marine": { + "total": { + "text": "1" + }, + "by type": { + "text": "other 1 (2021)" + } + }, "Ports and terminals": { "major seaport(s)": { "text": "Leava, Mata-Utu" diff --git a/australia-oceania/ws.json b/australia-oceania/ws.json index a15f6433..2465b1f5 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/ws.json +++ b/australia-oceania/ws.json @@ -470,9 +470,6 @@ "time difference": { "text": "UTC+13 (18 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)" }, - "daylight saving time": { - "text": "+1hr, begins last Sunday in September; ends first Sunday in April" - }, "etymology": { "text": "name derives from the native village around which the capital was constructed in the 1850s; the village still exists within the larger modern capital" } @@ -932,7 +929,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "
development of infrastructure is hampered by geography of remote islands, vulnerable to devastating storms; telecom sector has been inhibited by lack of international connectivity; most households have at least one mobile phone; businesses in the capital area have access to broadband and Wi-Fi; rural islands have some access to Internet and Wi-Fi; liberalized regulatory infrastructure and competition in the mobile market increased coverage and reduced cost; access to submarine cables improved Internet data rates and reliability; Australian companies countering Chinese companies in the acquisition of Pacific operations; importer of broadcasting equipment from USA (2020)
(2020)" + "text": "development of infrastructure is hampered by geography of remote islands, vulnerable to devastating storms; telecom sector has been inhibited by lack of international connectivity; most households have at least one mobile phone; businesses in the capital area have access to broadband and Wi-Fi; rural islands have some access to Internet and Wi-Fi; liberalized regulatory infrastructure and competition in the mobile market increased coverage and reduced cost; access to submarine cables improved Internet data rates and reliability; Australian companies countering Chinese companies in the acquisition of Pacific operations; importer of broadcasting equipment from USA (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line 4 per 100 and mobile-cellular teledensity 64 telephones per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1011,7 +1008,7 @@ "text": "12" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 4, oil tanker 1, other 7 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 3, oil tanker 3, other 6 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/aa.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/aa.json index 4941a3b1..b1924785 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/aa.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/aa.json @@ -894,6 +894,14 @@ "text": "1,000 km (2010)" } }, + "Merchant marine": { + "total": { + "text": "1" + }, + "by type": { + "text": "other 1 (2021)" + } + }, "Ports and terminals": { "major seaport(s)": { "text": "Barcadera, Oranjestad" diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/ac.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/ac.json index 1347366d..5ce754a3 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/ac.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/ac.json @@ -937,10 +937,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "727" + "text": "677" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 27, container ship 135, general cargo 507, oil tanker 2, other 56 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 24, container ship 123, general cargo 473, oil tanker 2, other 55 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/av.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/av.json index 49647f1e..545eadec 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/av.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/av.json @@ -743,7 +743,7 @@ "text": "2" }, "by type": { - "text": "other 2 (2020)" + "text": "other 2 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/bb.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/bb.json index 183da0d4..eb74afd1 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/bb.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/bb.json @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ { "Introduction": { "Background": { - "text": "The island was uninhabited when first settled by the British in 1627. African slaves worked the sugar plantations established on the island, which initially dominated the Caribbean sugar industry. By 1720 Barbados was no longer a dominant force within the sugar industry, having been surpassed by the Leeward Islands and Jamaica. Slavery was abolished in 1834. The Barbadian economy remained heavily dependent on sugar, rum, and molasses production through most of the 20th century. The gradual introduction of social and political reforms in the 1940s and 1950s led to complete independence from the UK in 1966. In the 1990s, tourism and manufacturing surpassed the sugar industry in economic importance. Barbados plans to remove the British monarch as its head of state by November 2021 and transition to a republic." + "text": "The island was uninhabited when first settled by the British in 1627. African slaves worked the sugar plantations established on the island, which initially dominated the Caribbean sugar industry. By 1720 Barbados was no longer a dominant force within the sugar industry, having been surpassed by the Leeward Islands and Jamaica. Slavery was abolished in 1834. The Barbadian economy remained heavily dependent on sugar, rum, and molasses production through most of the 20th century. The gradual introduction of social and political reforms in the 1940s and 1950s led to complete independence from the UK in 1966. In the 1990s, tourism and manufacturing surpassed the sugar industry in economic importance. Barbados became a republic on 30 November 2021, with the former Governor-General Sandra MASON elected as the first president." } }, "Geography": { @@ -420,7 +420,7 @@ } }, "Government type": { - "text": "parliamentary democracy under a constitutional monarchy; a Commonwealth realm" + "text": "parliamentary republic; a Commonwealth realm" }, "Capital": { "name": { @@ -447,11 +447,12 @@ }, "Constitution": { "history": { - "text": "adopted 22 November 1966, effective 30 November 1966" + "text": "adopted 22 November 1966, effective 30 November 1966; Constitution (Amendment) (No. 2) Bill, 2021 establishes Barbados as a republic and revokes the earlier Order in Council" }, "amendments": { - "text": "proposed by Parliament; passage of amendments to constitutional sections such as citizenship, fundamental rights and freedoms, and the organization and authorities of the branches of government requires two-thirds majority vote by the membership of both houses of Parliament; passage of other amendments only requires a majority vote of both houses; amended several times, last in 2020" - } + "text": "proposed by Parliament; passage of amendments to constitutional sections such as citizenship, fundamental rights and freedoms, and the organization and authorities of the branches of government requires two-thirds majority vote by the membership of both houses of Parliament; passage of other amendments only requires a majority vote of both houses; amended several times, last in 2021" + }, + "note": "note - following the transition to a republic on 30 November 2021, the Government of Barbados plans a consultation on drafting a new constitution" }, "Legal system": { "text": "English common law; no judicial review of legislative acts" @@ -478,21 +479,24 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor General Sandra MASON (since 8 January 2018)" + "text": "President Sandra MASON (since 30 November 2021)" }, "head of government": { "text": "Prime Minister Mia MOTTLEY (since 25 May 2018)" }, "cabinet": { - "text": "Cabinet appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister" + "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or leader of the majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the governor general; the prime minister recommends the deputy prime minister" + "text": "the president is elected by an electoral college of both Houses of Parliament for a four year renewable term; election last held 20 October 2021; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or leader of the majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the president; the prime minister recommends the deputy prime minister" + }, + "election results": { + "text": "Sandra MASON elected as first president on 20 October 2021 to take office on 30 November 2021" } }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { - "text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:the RBDF was established in 1980; its primary responsibilities are disaster relief, maritime security, and counter-narcotics operations; it is a naval force, but includes a lightly-armed marine infantry/commando squadron for base and internal security, as well as a few light non-combat aircraft; the maritime element has coastal patrol craft and patrol boats; the RBDF maintains training relationships with the UK and the US
" } }, "Transnational Issues": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/bh.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/bh.json index cd853ee3..8da68ae7 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/bh.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/bh.json @@ -327,18 +327,18 @@ "text": "13 years" }, "female": { - "text": "13 years (2019)" + "text": "13 years (2020)" } }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { "total": { - "text": "15.3%" + "text": "19.3%" }, "male": { - "text": "9.5%" + "text": "12.7%" }, "female": { - "text": "24.8% (2017 est.)" + "text": "28.5% (2019 est.)" } } }, @@ -1035,10 +1035,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "790" + "text": "813" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 50, container ship 4, general cargo 401, oil tanker 67, other 268 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 54, container ship 1, general cargo 428, oil tanker 70, other 260 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1076,6 +1076,9 @@ }, "Military service age and obligation": { "text": "18 years of age for voluntary military service; laws allow for conscription only if volunteers are insufficient; conscription has never been implemented; volunteers typically outnumber available positions by 3:1; initial service obligation 12 years (2019)" + }, + "Military - note": { + "text": "the BDF was established in 1978 from the disbanded Police Special Force and the Belize Volunteer Guard to assist the resident British forces with the defense of Belize against Guatemala; the BDF traces its history back to the Prince Regent Royal Honduras Militia, a volunteer force established in 1817
the British Army has maintained a presence in Belize since its independence; as of 2021, the presence consisted of a small training support unit that provides jungle training to troops from the UK and international partners
" } }, "Transnational Issues": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/cj.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/cj.json index 232a14f4..511b1752 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/cj.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/cj.json @@ -760,15 +760,15 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "33,338" + "text": "34,768 (2018)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "54.85 (2019 est.)" + "text": "54.85 (2018 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "92,691" + "text": "96,656 (2018)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { "text": "152.5 (2019 est.)" @@ -776,7 +776,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "reasonably good overall telephone system with a high fixed-line teledensity; given the high dependence of tourism and activities such as fisheries and offshore financial services, the telecom sector provides a relatively high contribution to overall GDP; good competition in all sectors promotes advancement in mobile telephony and data segments (2018)" + "text": "reasonably good overall telephone system with a high fixed-line teledensity; given the high dependence of tourism and activities such as fisheries and offshore financial services, the telecom sector provides a relatively high contribution to overall GDP; good competition in all sectors promotes advancement in mobile telephony and data segments (2017)" }, "domestic": { "text": "introduction of competition in the mobile-cellular market in 2004 boosted subscriptions dramatically; 55 per 100 fixed-line, 153 per 100 mobile-cellular (2019)" @@ -802,10 +802,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "24,535" + "text": "31,232 (2017 est.)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "42 (2017 est.)" + "text": "49.28 (2017 est.)" } } }, @@ -855,10 +855,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "163" + "text": "160" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 31, general cargo 3, oil tanker 23, other 106 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 32, container ship 1, general cargo 1, oil tanker 23, other 103 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/cs.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/cs.json index 16a535e7..1169e410 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/cs.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/cs.json @@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ "text": "2.89 physicians/1,000 population (2018)" }, "Hospital bed density": { - "text": "1.1 beds/1,000 population (2017)" + "text": "1.1 beds/1,000 population (2019)" }, "Sanitation facility access": { "improved: urban": { @@ -349,10 +349,10 @@ }, "School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": { "total": { - "text": "16 years" + "text": "17 years" }, "male": { - "text": "17 years" + "text": "16 years" }, "female": { "text": "17 years (2019)" @@ -360,13 +360,13 @@ }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { "total": { - "text": "31.5%" + "text": "40.7%" }, "male": { - "text": "28%" + "text": "34%" }, "female": { - "text": "37.1% (2019 est.)" + "text": "50.9% (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -971,23 +971,23 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "640,302" + "text": "559,882 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "12.7 (2019 est.)" + "text": "10.99 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "8,550,243" + "text": "7,512,370 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "169.59 (2019 est.)" + "text": "147.5 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "Costa Rica has broad telecom coverage though geographical distribution of digital service is unequal; recent regulator liberalization spurred expansion in all sectors; broadband market is the most advanced and highest penetration in Central America yet lags behind many South American countries; operators investing in NGN technology; number portability and cheaper broadband costs will increase competition; government aims to subsidize tele-health and e-learning (2021)
(2018)" + "text": "Costa Rica has broad telecom coverage though geographical distribution of digital service is unequal; recent regulator liberalization spurred expansion in all sectors; broadband market is the most advanced and highest penetration in Central America yet lags behind many South American countries; operators investing in NGN technology; number portability and cheaper broadband costs will increase competition; government aims to subsidize tele-health and e-learning (2018)" }, "domestic": { "text": "13 per 100 fixed-line, 162 per 100 mobile-cellular; point-to-point and point-to-multi-point microwave, fiber-optic, and coaxial cable link rural areas; Internet service is available (2019)" @@ -1013,10 +1013,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "904,734" + "text": "992,725 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "17.95 (2019 est.)" + "text": "19.49 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1093,10 +1093,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "10" + "text": "11" }, "by type": { - "text": "other 10 (2020)" + "text": "other 11 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1133,6 +1133,9 @@ }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the Public Force is lightly armed with an inventory that includes mostly second-hand US equipment; since 2000, the only reported major equipment deliveries were from the US (light helicopters in 2012 and 2014 and second-hand coast guard cutters in 2018) (2020)" + }, + "Military - note": { + "text": "Costa Rica relies on specialized paramilitary units within the MPS for internal security missions and countering transnational threats such as narcotics smuggling and organized crime, as well as for participating in regional security operations and exercises; MPS forces have received advisory and training support from both Colombia and the US; since 2012, the US has also provided equipment, including aircraft and patrol boats (2021)" } }, "Transnational Issues": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/cu.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/cu.json index 8d88ecab..de09cc1a 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/cu.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/cu.json @@ -354,7 +354,7 @@ "text": "14 years" }, "female": { - "text": "15 years (2018)" + "text": "15 years (2020)" } }, "People - note": { @@ -945,23 +945,23 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "1,447,134" + "text": "1,502,230 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "13.05 (2019 est.)" + "text": "13.26 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "6,042,629" + "text": "6,661,763 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "54.5 (2019 est.)" + "text": "58.82 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "state control of the telecom sector hinders development; Cuba has the lowest mobile phone and Internet penetration rates in the region; fixed-line density is also very low; thaw of US-Cuba relations encouraged access to services, such as Wi-Fi hotspots; access to sites is controlled and censored; DSL and Internet available in Havana, though costs are too high for most Cubans; international investment and agreement to improve Internet access through cost-free and direct connection between networks (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "state control of the telecom sector hinders development; Cuba has the lowest mobile phone and Internet penetration rates in the region; fixed-line density is also very low; thaw of US-Cuba relations encouraged access to services, such as Wi-Fi hotspots; access to sites is controlled and censored; DSL and Internet available in Havana, though costs are too high for most Cubans; international investment and agreement to improve Internet access through cost-free and direct connection between networks (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line density remains low at about 13 per 100 inhabitants; mobile-cellular service is expanding to about 53 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -988,10 +988,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "182,732" + "text": "231,654 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "1.65 less than 1 (2019 est.)" + "text": "2.05 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1080,10 +1080,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "55" + "text": "59" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 12, oil tanker 6, other 37 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 12, oil tanker 7, other 40 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/do.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/do.json index d40a3f74..a520d0ed 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/do.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/do.json @@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ "text": "1.12 physicians/1,000 population (2017)" }, "Hospital bed density": { - "text": "3.8 beds/1,000 population (2010)" + "text": "3.8 beds/1,000 population" }, "HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "0.6% (2018)" @@ -810,23 +810,23 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "2,751" + "text": "2,660 (2018)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "3.71 (2019 est.)" + "text": "3.71 (2018 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "78,437" + "text": "75,771 (2018)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "105.79 (2019 est.)" + "text": "105.8 (2018 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "fully automatic network; there are multiple competing operators licensed to provide services, most of them are small and localized; the telecom sector across the Caribbean region remains one of the key growth areas; (2020)" + "text": "fully automatic network; there are multiple competing operators licensed to provide services, most of them are small and localized; the telecom sector across the Caribbean region remains one of the key growth areas (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line connections continue to decline slowly with only two active operators providing about 4 fixed-line connections per 100 persons; subscribership among the three mobile-cellular providers is about 106 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -852,10 +852,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "11,514" + "text": "11,514 (2018)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "16 (2018 est.)" + "text": "16.08 (2018 est.)" } } }, @@ -892,10 +892,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "98" + "text": "93" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 28, oil tanker 22, other 48 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 30, oil tanker 19, other 44 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/dr.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/dr.json index 4d7c7cb4..d0def7ef 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/dr.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/dr.json @@ -370,13 +370,13 @@ }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { "total": { - "text": "16%" + "text": "14.9%" }, "male": { - "text": "11.8%" + "text": "11.6%" }, "female": { - "text": "22.8% (2019 est.)" + "text": "20.7% (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -987,23 +987,23 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "1,211,081" + "text": "1,155,493 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "11.65 (2019 est.)" + "text": "10.65 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "8,948,107" + "text": "8,989,587 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "86.05 (2019 est.)" + "text": "82.87 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "the Dominican Republic’s fixed-line tele-density is well below the Latin American average due to lack of infrastructure; distribution of telephony services is proportionate to income inequalities; small, localized operators provide services; telecom and mobile broadband growing with LTE available to most of the population; government program aims for universal access to broadband services, and development of a national backbone; 5G launch anticipated in 2021 (2021) (2020)" + "text": "the Dominican Republic’s fixed-line tele-density is well below the Latin American average due to lack of infrastructure; distribution of telephony services is proportionate to income inequalities; small, localized operators provide services; telecom and mobile broadband growing with LTE available to most of the population; government program aims for universal access to broadband services, and development of a national backbone; 5G launch anticipated in 2021 (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line teledensity is about 11 per 100 persons; multiple providers of mobile-cellular service with a subscribership of 83 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1029,10 +1029,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "951,970" + "text": "1,031,858 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "9.15 (2019 est.)" + "text": "9.51 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1120,7 +1120,7 @@ "text": "38" }, "by type": { - "text": "container ship 1, general cargo 2, oil tanker 1, other 34 (2020)" + "text": "container ship 1, general cargo 2, oil tanker 1, other 34 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/es.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/es.json index b7ac2ccb..53fb014c 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/es.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/es.json @@ -363,7 +363,7 @@ }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { "total": { - "text": "9.9%" + "text": "10%" }, "male": { "text": "8.3%" @@ -969,23 +969,23 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "882,498" + "text": "893,630 (2019)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "13.73 (2019 est.)" + "text": "13.85 (2019 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "9,442,667" + "text": "10,396,786" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "146.91 (2019 est.)" + "text": "161.1 (2019 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "El Salvador’s telecom sector is challenged by low population, poor infrastructure, and unequal income distribution compounded by corruption and criminal influence; liberal regulation promotes mobile penetration in replacement of fixed-line density; operators testing 5G in 2020 (2020)
(2020)" + "text": "El Salvador’s telecom sector is challenged by low population, poor infrastructure, and unequal income distribution compounded by corruption and criminal influence; liberal regulation promotes mobile penetration in replacement of fixed-line density; operators testing 5G in 2020 (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "growth in fixed-line services 14 per 100, has slowed in the face of mobile-cellular competition at 147 per 100 (2019)" @@ -1011,10 +1011,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "492,265" + "text": "525,088 (2019)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "8 (2018 est.)" + "text": "8.14 (2019 est.)" } } }, @@ -1102,7 +1102,7 @@ "text": "2" }, "by type": { - "text": "other 2 (2020)" + "text": "other 2 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1116,7 +1116,8 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "the Armed Force of El Salvador (La Fuerza Armada de El Salvador, FAES): Army of El Salvador (Ejercito de El Salvador, ES), Navy of El Salvador (Fuerza Naval de El Salvador, FNES), Salvadoran Air Force (Fuerza Aerea Salvadorena, FAS); Ministry of Justice and Public Security: National Civil Police (Policia Nacional Civil, PNC) (2021)" + "text": "the Armed Force of El Salvador (La Fuerza Armada de El Salvador, FAES): Army of El Salvador (Ejercito de El Salvador, ES), Navy of El Salvador (Fuerza Naval de El Salvador, FNES), Salvadoran Air Force (Fuerza Aerea Salvadorena, FAS); Ministry of Justice and Public Security: National Civil Police (Policia Nacional Civil, PNC) (2021)", + "note": "note - in 2016, El Salvador created a 1,000-strong combined Army commando and special police unit to combat criminal gang violence" }, "Military expenditures": { "Military Expenditures 2020": { @@ -1148,7 +1149,7 @@ "text": "18 years of age for selective compulsory military service; 16-22 years of age for voluntary male or female service; service obligation is 12 months, with 11 months for officers and NCOs (2019)" }, "Military - note": { - "text": "as of 2021 about half of the Army was reportedly deployed on internal security duties to support the National Police with combating gang violence, organized crime, and narcotics trafficking, as well as assisting with border security" + "text": "the National Civilian Police (Ministry of Justice and Public Security) is responsible for maintaining public security, while the Ministry of Defense is responsible for maintaining national security; the constitution separates public security and military functions, but allows the president to use the armed forces in exceptional circumstances to maintain internal peace and public security; Salvadoran presidents have deployed military troops for internal security duties for years, and President BUKELE has continued the tradition; in November 2019, he signed a decree authorizing military involvement in police duties to combat gang violence, organized crime, and narcotics trafficking, as well as assisting with border security; as of 2021, about half of the Army was reportedly deployed in support of the National Police
" } }, "Transnational Issues": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/gj.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/gj.json index 97f01e05..d43dc4ee 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/gj.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/gj.json @@ -859,18 +859,18 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "33,011" + "text": "32,491 (2018)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "29.3 (2019 est.)" + "text": "29.3 (2018 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "115,008" + "text": "113,177 (2018)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "102.08 (2019 est.)" + "text": "102.1 (2019 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { @@ -901,10 +901,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "25,577" + "text": "25,577 (2019)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "22.69 (2019 est.)" + "text": "22.84 (2019 est.)" } } }, @@ -947,7 +947,7 @@ "text": "6" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 3, other 3 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 3, other 3 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/gt.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/gt.json index 5e4efc87..f75ded82 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/gt.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/gt.json @@ -363,18 +363,18 @@ "text": "11 years" }, "female": { - "text": "11 years (2015)" + "text": "10 years (2019)" } }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { "total": { - "text": "5%" + "text": "4.6%" }, "male": { - "text": "3.7%" + "text": "4%" }, "female": { - "text": "8.1% (2017 est.)" + "text": "5.7% (2019 est.)" } } }, @@ -990,23 +990,23 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "1,974,006" + "text": "2,272,467 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "11.71 (2019 est.)" + "text": "12.68 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "20,874,130" + "text": "20,390,671 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "123.83 (2019 est.)" + "text": "113.8 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "due to years of underinvestment in infrastructure, has one of the lowest fixed-line tele densities in the region; rural areas rely on mobile services with little access to fixed-line access; mobile tele-density on par with region and is the most developed sector, with near universal phone connections; private investment to bring free Internet to parks; two submarine cables due for completion will support growth in fixed and mobile broadband (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "due to years of underinvestment in infrastructure, has one of the lowest fixed-line tele densities in the region; rural areas rely on mobile services with little access to fixed-line access; mobile tele-density on par with region and is the most developed sector, with near universal phone connections; private investment to bring free Internet to parks; two submarine cables due for completion will support growth in fixed and mobile broadband (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line teledensity roughly 11 per 100 persons; fixed-line investments are concentrating on improving rural connectivity; mobile-cellular teledensity about 119 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1032,10 +1032,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "506,000" + "text": "531,000 (2017 est.)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "3 (2017 est.)" + "text": "3.14 (2019 est.)" } } }, @@ -1127,10 +1127,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "8" + "text": "9" }, "by type": { - "text": "oil tanker 1, other 7 (2020)" + "text": "oil tanker 1, other 8 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1171,6 +1171,9 @@ }, "Military service age and obligation": { "text": "all male citizens between the ages of 18 and 50 are eligible for military service; in practice, most of the force is volunteer, however, a selective draft system is employed, resulting in a small portion of 17-21 year-olds conscripted; conscript service obligation varies from 1 to 2 years; women can serve as officers (2019)" + }, + "Military - note": { + "text": "since the 2000s, the Guatemalan Government has frequently used the Army to support the National Civil Police (PNC; under the Ministry of Government) in internal security operations (as permitted by the constitution) to combat organized crime, gang violence, and narco-trafficking
the military held power during most of the country’s 36-year civil war (1960-1996) and conducted a campaign of widespread violence and repression, particularly against the country’s majority indigenous population; more than 200,000 people were estimated to have been killed or disappeared during the conflict
" } }, "Transnational Issues": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/ha.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/ha.json index e6a7ec9d..deceb72b 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/ha.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/ha.json @@ -944,7 +944,7 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "5,952" + "text": "5,952 (2019)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { "text": "less than 1 (2019 est.)" @@ -952,15 +952,15 @@ }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "6,843,380" + "text": "6,843,380 (2019)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "62.65 (2019 est.)" + "text": "60.76 (2019 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "plagued by political and economic turmoil complicated by natural disasters, Haiti’s telecommunications infrastructure is among the least-developed in the world; reliance on satellite and wireless mobile technology due to poor fixed-line infrastructure; investment boosted broadband availability though customer base is poor and theft of equipment remains problematic; promotion of LTE will enable access to remote areas and e-money services; World Bank grant to provide digital preparation and response for any future crises (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "plagued by political and economic turmoil complicated by natural disasters, Haiti’s telecommunications infrastructure is among the least-developed in the world; reliance on satellite and wireless mobile technology due to poor fixed-line infrastructure; investment boosted broadband availability though customer base is poor and theft of equipment remains problematic; promotion of LTE will enable access to remote areas and e-money services; World Bank grant to provide digital preparation and response for any future crises (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line is less than 1 per 100; mobile-cellular telephone services have expanded greatly in the last decade due to low-cost GSM (Global Systems for Mobile) phones and pay-as-you-go plans; mobile-cellular teledensity is 58 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -986,10 +986,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "31,100" + "text": "31,100 (2019)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "less than 1 (2018 est.)" + "text": "less than 1 (2019 est.)" } } }, @@ -1048,7 +1048,7 @@ "text": "4" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 3, other 1 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 3, other 1 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/ho.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/ho.json index 31107cc2..218dc697 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/ho.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/ho.json @@ -367,18 +367,18 @@ "text": "10 years" }, "female": { - "text": "11 years (2017)" + "text": "11 years (2019)" } }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { "total": { - "text": "10.9%" + "text": "17.8%" }, "male": { - "text": "7.6%" + "text": "11.1%" }, "female": { - "text": "17.6% (2019 est.)" + "text": "27.7% (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -568,10 +568,10 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 4-year term; election last held on 26 November 2017 (next to be held in November 2021); note - in 2015, the Constitutional Chamber of the Honduran Supreme Court struck down the constitutional provisions on presidential term limits" + "text": "president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 4-year term; election last held on 28 November 2021 (next to be held in 30 November 2025); note - in 2015, the Constitutional Chamber of the Honduran Supreme Court struck down the constitutional provisions on presidential term limits" }, "election results": { - "text": "among the poorest countries in Central America, Honduras has a neglected telecom sector complicated by political stalemate and geographic challenges; mobile subscribership is growing; DSL and cable Internet available in urban areas but expensive; government proposed ICT master plan to boost e-government and business, including free Internet to households; US based network ready to deploy 5G (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "among the poorest countries in Central America, Honduras has a neglected telecom sector complicated by political stalemate and geographic challenges; mobile subscribership is growing; DSL and cable Internet available in urban areas but expensive; government proposed ICT master plan to boost e-government and business, including free Internet to households; US based network ready to deploy 5G
good domestic and international service; mobile sector dominates, accounting for majority of the Internet connections and half of telecom sector revenue; extensive LTE networks providing coverage to most of the island population; regulator encouraging competition with little success due to breach of license; government announced support of national broadband network to aid access to education, hospitals, police, and municipal institutions; operators provided customers with data plans to support educational platforms; US grant to fund New Kingston smart city program (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "good domestic and international service; mobile sector dominates, accounting for majority of the Internet connections and half of telecom sector revenue; extensive LTE networks providing coverage to most of the island population; regulator encouraging competition with little success due to breach of license; government announced support of national broadband network to aid access to education, hospitals, police, and municipal institutions; operators provided customers with data plans to support educational platforms; US grant to fund New Kingston smart city program (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "while the number of fixed-lines, 14 per 100, subscriptions has declined, cellular-mobile has grown 103 per 100 subscriptions (2019)" @@ -977,10 +977,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "317,907" + "text": "385,603 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "11.3 (2019 est.)" + "text": "13.02 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1036,10 +1036,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "46" + "text": "43" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 1, container ship 7, general cargo 8, oil tanker 1, other 29 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 1, container ship 5, general cargo 9, oil tanker 1, other 27 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1081,6 +1081,9 @@ }, "Military service age and obligation": { "text": "no conscription; 18-23 for voluntary military service (17 with parental consent; 18-28 for the reserves); since 2017, the JDF's standard mode of recruitment is to enroll recruits ages 18-23 through the Jamaica National Service Corps (JNSC); in the JNSC, soldiers receive basic military, vocational, and life skills training; upon completion of 1-year of service, soldiers can continue on with JDF or seek other opportunities with law enforcement (2020)" + }, + "Military - note": { + "text": "as of 2021, the JDF’s primary missions were maritime/border and internal security, including support to police operations to combat crime and violence
" } }, "Transnational Issues": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/mh.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/mh.json index 584b0959..efaf2d54 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/mh.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/mh.json @@ -708,18 +708,18 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "3,227" + "text": "3,000 (2018)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "60.4 (2019 est.)" + "text": "60.4 (2018 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "5,377" + "text": "5,000 (2018)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "100.66 (2019 est.)" + "text": "100.7 (2019 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { @@ -747,6 +747,14 @@ "percent of population": { "text": "54.6% (July 2016 est.)" } + }, + "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { + "total": { + "text": "2,700 (2017)" + }, + "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { + "text": "54.47 (2019)" + } } }, "Transportation": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/nu.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/nu.json index f8681a3a..f1de227d 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/nu.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/nu.json @@ -556,7 +556,7 @@ "text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by qualified plurality vote for a 5-year term (no term limits as of 2014); election last held on 7 November 2021 (next to be held on 1 November 2026)" }, "election results": { - "text": "with authoritarian government, weak public institutions, and impoverished citizenry, Nicaragua’s telecom system is dependent on upgrades through foreign investment, primarily from Russia and China; World Bank funded national fiber broadband network and links to Caribbean submarine cables; Chinese-financed projects, including airport, oil pipeline, and roads in process; nearly all installed telecom capacity now uses financed digital technology; lowest fixed-line tele-density and mobile penetration in Central America; Internet cafes provide access to Internet and email services; rural areas lack access to most basic telecom infrastructure; LTE service in dozens of towns and cities; importer of broadcasting equipment and computers from China (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "with authoritarian government, weak public institutions, and impoverished citizenry, Nicaragua’s telecom system is dependent on upgrades through foreign investment, primarily from Russia and China; World Bank funded national fiber broadband network and links to Caribbean submarine cables; Chinese-financed projects, including airport, oil pipeline, and roads in process; nearly all installed telecom capacity now uses financed digital technology; lowest fixed-line tele-density and mobile penetration in Central America; Internet cafes provide access to Internet and email services; rural areas lack access to most basic telecom infrastructure; LTE service in dozens of towns and cities; importer of broadcasting equipment and computers from China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "since privatization, access to fixed-line and mobile-cellular services has improved; fixed-line teledensity roughly 4 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular telephone subscribership has increased to 88 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1016,10 +1016,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "217,618" + "text": "290,351 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "3.55 (2019 est.)" + "text": "4.38 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1093,7 +1093,7 @@ "text": "5" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 1, oil tanker 1, other 3 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 1, oil tanker 1, other 3 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1104,7 +1104,8 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "Army of Nicaragua (Ejercito de Nicaragua, EN): Land Forces (Fuerza Terrestre); Naval Forces (Fuerza Naval); Air Forces (Fuerza Aérea); Special Operations Command (Comando de Operaciones Especiales) (2021)" + "text": "Army of Nicaragua (Ejercito de Nicaragua, EN): Land Forces (Fuerza Terrestre); Naval Forces (Fuerza Naval); Air Forces (Fuerza Aérea); Special Operations Command (Comando de Operaciones Especiales); Nicaraguan National Police (2021)", + "note": "note - both the military and the police report directly to the president" }, "Military expenditures": { "Military Expenditures 2020": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/pm.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/pm.json index c82766de..8dc4190a 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/pm.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/pm.json @@ -361,18 +361,18 @@ "text": "12 years" }, "female": { - "text": "14 years (2016)" + "text": "13 years (2016)" } }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { "total": { - "text": "12.8%" + "text": "40.1%" }, "male": { - "text": "10.2%" + "text": "30.8%" }, "female": { - "text": "17.5% (2019 est.)" + "text": "51.9% (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -983,23 +983,23 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "741,269" + "text": "616,698 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "19.32 (2019 est.)" + "text": "14.29 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "5,599,005" + "text": "5,708,163 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "145.92 (2019 est.)" + "text": "132.3 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "domestic and international facilities well-developed; steady increase in telecom revenue with effective competition; mobile connections account for 90% of connections; government-funded program to improve Internet infrastructure; connectivity through two submarine cables; launch of LTE services; Chinese company Huawei investment in bandwidth technologies; importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "domestic and international facilities well-developed; steady increase in telecom revenue with effective competition; mobile connections account for 90% of connections; government-funded program to improve Internet infrastructure; connectivity through two submarine cables; launch of LTE services; Chinese company Huawei investment in bandwidth technologies; importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line 17 per 100 and rapid subscribership of mobile-cellular telephone 132 per 100 (2019)" @@ -1025,10 +1025,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "523,530" + "text": "562,413 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "13.64 (2019 est.)" + "text": "13.03 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1108,10 +1108,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "7,886" + "text": "7,980" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 2,604, container ship 615, general cargo 1,347, oil tanker 789, other 2,531 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 2,697, container ship 643, general cargo 1,381, oil tanker 771, other 2,488 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/rq.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/rq.json index ea7974ab..d76d714d 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/rq.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/rq.json @@ -407,7 +407,7 @@ } }, "Government type": { - "text": "republican form of government with separate executive, legislative, and judicial branches; unincorporated organized territory of the US with local self-government", + "text": "unincorporated organized territory of the US with local self-government; republican form of territorial government with separate executive, legislative, and judicial branches", "note": "Note: reference Puerto Rican Federal Relations Act, 2 March 1917, as amended by Public Law 600, 3 July 1950" }, "Dependency status": { @@ -817,7 +817,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "small telecom market affected by mismanagement and natural disasters; hurricanes in 2017 and earthquake in 2020 caused destruction of telecom infrastructure, leading to market decline; US provided funds to rebuild after some delay; lags behind US in fixed and broadband penetration due to high unemployment and lack of operator investment; multi-national telcoms enable LTE and launch of 5G; growing number of submarine cables helps to reduce costs and supports streaming of international content and cloud services; operator launched connectivity for school children during pandemic (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "small telecom market affected by mismanagement and natural disasters; hurricanes in 2017 and earthquake in 2020 caused destruction of telecom infrastructure, leading to market decline; US provided funds to rebuild after some delay; lags behind US in fixed and broadband penetration due to high unemployment and lack of operator investment; multi-national telcoms enable LTE and launch of 5G; growing number of submarine cables helps to reduce costs and supports streaming of international content and cloud services; operator launched connectivity for school children during pandemic (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "digital telephone system; mobile-cellular services; fixed-line 23 per 100 and mobile-cellular 115 per 100 persons (2019)" diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/sc.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/sc.json index 236824f4..9070f68d 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/sc.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/sc.json @@ -309,7 +309,7 @@ }, "School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": { "total": { - "text": "18 years" + "text": "17 years" }, "male": { "text": "16 years" @@ -929,10 +929,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "218" + "text": "244" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 4, container ship 3, general cargo 35, oil tanker 52, other 124 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 6, container ship 7, general cargo 45, oil tanker 53, other 133 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/st.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/st.json index 21676d2c..7eeeb0cb 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/st.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/st.json @@ -315,10 +315,10 @@ "text": "13 years" }, "male": { - "text": "13 years" + "text": "12 years" }, "female": { - "text": "13 years (2019)" + "text": "13 years (2020)" } }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { @@ -489,7 +489,7 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor General Neville CENAC (since 12 January 2018)" + "text": "Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Acting Governor General Errol CHARLES (since 11 November 2021)" }, "head of government": { "text": "Prime Minister Philip J. PIERRE (since 28 July 2021)" diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/td.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/td.json index e5d64aa9..22d23396 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/td.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/td.json @@ -978,10 +978,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "103" + "text": "105" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 1, other 102 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 1, other 104 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -998,7 +998,8 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "Trinidad and Tobago Defense Force (TTDF): Army/Land Forces (Trinidad and Tobago Regiment), Coast Guard, Air Guard, Defense Force Reserves (2021)" + "text": "Trinidad and Tobago Defense Force (TTDF): Army/Land Forces (Trinidad and Tobago Regiment), Coast Guard, Air Guard, Defense Force Reserves; Trinidad and Tobago Police Service (TTPS) (2021)", + "note": "note - the Ministry of National Security oversees defense, immigration, and the police" }, "Military expenditures": { "Military Expenditures 2020": { @@ -1018,7 +1019,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "the Trinidad and Tobago Defense Force (TTDF) has approximately 4,500 personnel (2021)" + "text": "has approximately 4,500 TTDF personnel; approximately 7,000 TTPS personnel (2021)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the TTDF's ground force inventory includes only light weapons, while the Coast Guard and Air Guard field mostly second-hand equipment from a mix of countries, including Australia, China, the Netherlands, the UK, and the US; since 2010, the Netherlands is the leading supplier of military hardware to the TTDF (2020)" diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/tk.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/tk.json index ff5f111b..43ba9c16 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/tk.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/tk.json @@ -770,7 +770,7 @@ "text": "3" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 1, other 2 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 1, other 2 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/uc.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/uc.json index af64d9da..aac84369 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/uc.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/uc.json @@ -731,18 +731,18 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "53,500" + "text": "53,500 (2019)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "35.47 (2019 est.)" + "text": "32.74 (2019 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "184,236" + "text": "184,236 (2019)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "122.15 (2019 est.)" + "text": "112.7 (2019 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { @@ -773,10 +773,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "53,297" + "text": "53,297 (2019)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "35.34 (2019 est.)" + "text": "32.61 (2019 est.)" } } }, @@ -812,10 +812,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "66" + "text": "63" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 8, oil tanker 1, other 57 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 6, oil tanker 1, other 56 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/vc.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/vc.json index a1d7cfce..6cb3e10a 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/vc.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/vc.json @@ -923,10 +923,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "813" + "text": "792" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 22, container ship 17, general cargo 163, oil tanker 16, other 595 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 27, container ship 17, general cargo 155, oil tanker 16, other 577 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/vi.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/vi.json index 7e84a727..c8910862 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/vi.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/vi.json @@ -710,18 +710,18 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "7,640" + "text": "7,311 (2019)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "20.88 (2019 est.)" + "text": "24.35 (2019 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "72,589" + "text": "35,163 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "198.38 (2019 est.)" + "text": "116.3 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { @@ -752,10 +752,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "4,715" + "text": "6,738 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "13 (2018 est.)" + "text": "22.29 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -797,10 +797,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "31" + "text": "30" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 4, other 27 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 3, other 27 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/vq.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/vq.json index 0d97e403..a1ab621c 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/vq.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/vq.json @@ -335,7 +335,7 @@ } }, "Government type": { - "text": "republican form of government with separate executive, legislative, and judicial branches; unincorporated organized territory of the US with local self-government" + "text": "unincorporated organized territory of the US with local self-government; republican form of territorial government with separate executive, legislative, and judicial branches" }, "Dependency status": { "text": "unincorporated organized territory of the US with policy relations between the Virgin Islands and the federal government under the jurisdiction of the Office of Insular Affairs, US Department of the Interior" diff --git a/central-asia/kg.json b/central-asia/kg.json index e95c24dd..926d6187 100644 --- a/central-asia/kg.json +++ b/central-asia/kg.json @@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ } }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Syr Darya (shared with Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Tajikistan) - 3,078 km; " + "text": "Syr Darya river source (shared with Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, and Kazakhstan [m] ) - 3,078 kmfixed-line declining as 4G LTE mobile is universally available; brief interruptions of service with security as pretext; ICT sector rocked by allegation of corruption in 2020; digital radio-relay stations and fiber-optic links; 5G in development; importer of broadcasting equipment from UAE and computers from China; Chinese Economic Corridor investment into domestic backbone; World Bank investment into digital infrastructure with aims to provide broadband Internet to 60% of the population; social disparity evident in pandemic as many school children could not attend classes on-line (2021)
(2020 )" + "text": "fixed-line declining as 4G LTE mobile is universally available; brief interruptions of service with security as pretext; ICT sector rocked by allegation of corruption in 2020; digital radio-relay stations and fiber-optic links; 5G in development; importer of broadcasting equipment from UAE and computers from China; Chinese Economic Corridor investment into domestic backbone; World Bank investment into digital infrastructure with aims to provide broadband Internet to 60% of the population; social disparity evident in pandemic as many school children could not attend classes on-line (2020 )" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line penetration 5 per 100 persons remains low and concentrated in urban areas; mobile-cellular subscribership up to over 134 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1000,10 +1000,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "269,091" + "text": "269,091 (2019)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "4.56 (2019 est.)" + "text": "4.19 (2019 est.)" } } }, diff --git a/central-asia/kz.json b/central-asia/kz.json index d7c1386d..1faad8a0 100644 --- a/central-asia/kz.json +++ b/central-asia/kz.json @@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ } }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Syr Darya (shared with Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, and Tajikistan) - 3,078 km; " + "text": "Syr Darya river mouth (shared with Kyrgyzstan [s], Uzbekistan, and Tajikistan) - 3,078 kmone of the most progressive telecom sectors in Central Asia; vast 4G network; low fixed-line and fixed-broadband penetration; moderate mobile broadband penetration and high mobile penetration; mobile market highly competitive and growth is slow due to saturation (2020)
(2020)" + "text": "one of the most progressive telecom sectors in Central Asia; vast 4G network; low fixed-line and fixed-broadband penetration; moderate mobile broadband penetration and high mobile penetration; mobile market highly competitive and growth is slow due to saturation (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "intercity by landline and microwave radio relay; number of fixed-line connections is 17 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular usage increased rapidly and the subscriber base approaches 139 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1022,10 +1022,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "2,511,100" + "text": "2,616,500 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "13.28 (2019 est.)" + "text": "13.93 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1122,10 +1122,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "128" + "text": "119" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 3, oil tanker 8, other 117 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 3, oil tanker 7, other 109 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/central-asia/rs.json b/central-asia/rs.json index 404d8101..65a92b17 100644 --- a/central-asia/rs.json +++ b/central-asia/rs.json @@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ } }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Yenisey - 5,539 km; Ob' - 5,410 km; Amur (shared with China and Mongolia) - 4,444 km; Lena - 4,400 km; Volga - 3,645 km; Kolyma - 2,513 km; Ural (shared with Kazakhstan) - 2,428 km; Dnieper (shared with Ukraine and Belarus) - 2,287 km; Don (shared with Ukraine) - 1,870 km; Pechora - 1,809 km" + "text": "Yenisey-Angara - 5,539 km; Ob-Irtysh - 5,410 km; Amur river mouth (shared with China [s] and Mongolia) - 4,444 km; Lena - 4,400 km; Volga - 3,645 km; Kolyma - 2,513 km; Ural river source (shared with Kazakhstan [m]) - 2,428 km; Dnieper river source (shared with Belarus and Ukraine [m]) - 2,287 km; Don - 1,870 km; Pechora - 1,809 kmtelecom market is largest in Europe, centered in large cities; competition active in Moscow and St Petersburg; most users access Internet through mobile platforms; fiber broadband sector is growing, supported by government in aim to extend reach to outlying regions; tests of 5G with Moscow adopting smart city technology; government justifies censorship and website blocks under a range of laws and regulations; government program aims to provide 97% of households with fixed broadband by 2024; publicly accessible Internet connections in institutions such as hospitals, libraries, schools, and mass transit available in cities; in rural areas, the availability of public Internet connections remains limited; major importer of broadcasting equipment and computers from China (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "telecom market is largest in Europe, centered in large cities; competition active in Moscow and St Petersburg; most users access Internet through mobile platforms; fiber broadband sector is growing, supported by government in aim to extend reach to outlying regions; tests of 5G with Moscow adopting smart city technology; government justifies censorship and website blocks under a range of laws and regulations; government program aims to provide 97% of households with fixed broadband by 2024; publicly accessible Internet connections in institutions such as hospitals, libraries, schools, and mass transit available in cities; in rural areas, the availability of public Internet connections remains limited; major importer of broadcasting equipment and computers from China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "cross-country digital trunk lines run from Saint Petersburg to Khabarovsk, and from Moscow to Novorossiysk; the telephone systems in 60 regional capitals have modern digital infrastructures; cellular services, both analog and digital, are available in many areas; in rural areas, telephone services are still outdated, inadequate, and low-density; 22 per 100 for fixed-line and mobile-cellular 164 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1177,10 +1177,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "2,808" + "text": "2,873" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 15, container ship 16, general cargo 923, oil tanker 406, other 1,448 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 13, container ship 17, general cargo 946, oil tanker 406, other 1,491 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1203,8 +1203,8 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "Armed Forces of the Russian Federation: Ground Troops (Sukhoputnyye Voyskia, SV), Navy (Voyenno-Morskoy Flot, VMF), Aerospace Forces (Vozdushno-Kosmicheskiye Sily, VKS); Airborne Troops (Vozdushno-Desantnyye Voyska, VDV), and Missile Troops of Strategic Purpose (Raketnyye Voyska Strategicheskogo Naznacheniya, RVSN) referred to commonly as Strategic Rocket Forces, are independent \"combat arms,\" not subordinate to any of the three branchesa destination country for Afghan opium and heroin and other Afghan opiates; a transit country for cocaine from South America, especially Ecuador to Europe, Belgium and Netherlands; synthetic drugs are produced in clandestine drug laboratories throughout the country; cannabis cultivated in Russian Far East and the North Caucasus; the majority of hashish is smuggled in from Northern Africa
" + "text": "a destination country for Afghan opium and heroin; a transit country for cocaine from South America, especially Ecuador to Europe, Belgium and Netherlands; synthetic drugs are produced in clandestine drug laboratories throughout the country; cannabis cultivated in Russian Far East and the North Caucasus; the majority of hashish is smuggled in from Northern Africa
" } } } \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/central-asia/ti.json b/central-asia/ti.json index 269ff63c..b80d7554 100644 --- a/central-asia/ti.json +++ b/central-asia/ti.json @@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ "text": "7,420 sq km (2012)" }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Syr Darya (shared with Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, and Kazakhstan) - 3,078 km; Amu Darya (shared with Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Afghanistan) - 2,620 km; " + "text": "Syr Darya (shared with Kyrgyzstan [s], Uzbekistan, and Kazakhstan [m]) - 3,078 km; Amu Darya river source (shared with Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, and Uzbekistan [m]) - 2,620 kmTajikistan’s telecom sector continues to struggle due to geographic isolation, lack of electricity, dysfunctional business climate, and impoverished citizenry; despite the launch of 4G/LTE services, one of the lowest fixed-line penetrations in Asia and one of the lowest broadband levels in the world; with help from foreign investment, mobile sector near saturation phase; Russian loans and Chinese investment in infrastructure through Economic Corridor initiatives; a few cities have 4G coverage; LTE-based smart city concept in Dushanbe; government restricts political rights and civil liberties, controlling information through media interruptions; government raised rates on Internet-based calls and Internet services in 2020, making price one of the highest in the world; importer of video displays and broadcasting equipment from China (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "Tajikistan’s telecom sector continues to struggle due to geographic isolation, lack of electricity, dysfunctional business climate, and impoverished citizenry; despite the launch of 4G/LTE services, one of the lowest fixed-line penetrations in Asia and one of the lowest broadband levels in the world; with help from foreign investment, mobile sector near saturation phase; Russian loans and Chinese investment in infrastructure through Economic Corridor initiatives; a few cities have 4G coverage; LTE-based smart city concept in Dushanbe; government restricts political rights and civil liberties, controlling information through media interruptions; government raised rates on Internet-based calls and Internet services in 2020, making price one of the highest in the world; importer of video displays and broadcasting equipment from China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed line availability has not changed significantly since 1998, while mobile cellular subscribership, aided by competition among multiple operators, has expanded rapidly; coverage now extends to all major cities and towns; fixed-line 5 per 100 and mobile-cellular 112 per 100 (2019)" diff --git a/central-asia/tx.json b/central-asia/tx.json index e519b3c0..f170fab9 100644 --- a/central-asia/tx.json +++ b/central-asia/tx.json @@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ } }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Amu Darya (shared with Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and Afghanistan) - 2,620 km; " + "text": "Amu Darya (shared with Tajikistan [s], Afghanistan, and Uzbekistan [m]) - 2,620 kmstagnant economy, rural geography, and authoritarian rule limit development of the telecom sector; in cooperation with Russian-based partners, operators have installed high-speed fiber-optic lines and upgraded most of the country's telephone switch centers with digital technology; some rural areas lack fixed-line coverage; mobile broadband is in the early stages of development; services are extremely slow, though Trans-Caspian cable will provide international Internet capacity and improvement in services; freedom of press and expression restricted through monitoring, media interruption, and removal of receivers from households; importer of broadcasting equipment from UAE (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "stagnant economy, rural geography, and authoritarian rule limit development of the telecom sector; in cooperation with Russian-based partners, operators have installed high-speed fiber-optic lines and upgraded most of the country's telephone switch centers with digital technology; some rural areas lack fixed-line coverage; mobile broadband is in the early stages of development; services are extremely slow, though Trans-Caspian cable will provide international Internet capacity and improvement in services; freedom of press and expression restricted through monitoring, media interruption, and removal of receivers from households; importer of broadcasting equipment from UAE (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line 12 per 100 and mobile-cellular teledensity is about 163 per 100 persons; first telecommunication satellite was launched in 2015 (2019)" @@ -1057,10 +1057,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "68" + "text": "73" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 6, oil tanker 8, other 54 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 6, oil tanker 8, other 59 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/central-asia/uz.json b/central-asia/uz.json index e9c89799..e5b67df5 100644 --- a/central-asia/uz.json +++ b/central-asia/uz.json @@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ } }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Syr Darya (shared with Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, and Tajikistan) - 3,078 km; Amu Darya (shared with Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, and Afghanistan) - 2,620 km; " + "text": "Syr Darya (shared with Kyrgyzstan [s], Tajikistan, and Kazakhstan [m]) - 3,078 km; Amu Darya river mouth (shared with Tajikistan [s], Afghanistan, and Turkmenistan) - 2,620 kmtransit country for Afghan opium and heroin destined for Russia and the European Union; also transit country for hashish, marijuana, New Psychoactive Substances (NPS), and synthetic drugs; cannabis and poppy are cultivated in small amounts for personal use and local sale
" + "text": "transit country for Afghan opium and heroin destined for Russia and the European Union; also transit country for hashish, cannabis products, New Psychoactive Substances (NPS), and synthetic drugs; cannabis and poppy are cultivated in small amounts for personal use and local sale
" } } } \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/bm.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/bm.json index 7073daae..2bb9cadb 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/bm.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/bm.json @@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ "text": "22,950 sq km (2012)" }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Mekong (shared with China, Laos, Thailand, Cambodia, and Vietnam) - 4,350 km; Salween (shared with China and Thailand) - 3,060 km; Irrawaddy (shared with China) - 2,809 km; Chindwin - 1,158 km" + "text": "Mekong (shared with China [s], Laos, Thailand, Cambodia, and Vietnam [m]) - 4,350 km; Salween river mouth (shared with China [s] and Thailand) - 3,060 km; Irrawaddy river mouth (shared with China [s]) - 2,809 km; Chindwin - 1,158 kmBrunei is a small, oil-rich sultanate of less than half a million people, making it the smallest country in Southeast Asia by population. Its total fertility rate – the average number of births per woman – has been steadily declining over the last few decades, from over 3.5 in the 1980s to below replacement level today at nearly 1.8. The trend is due to women’s increased years of education and participation in the workforce, which have resulted in later marriages and fewer children. Yet, the population continues to grow because of the large number of women of reproductive age and a reliance on foreign labor – mainly from Malaysia, Thailand, the Philippines, Indonesia, and South Asian countries – to fill low-skilled jobs.
Brunei is officially Muslim, and Malay is the official language. The country follows an official Malay national ideology, Malay Islamic Monarchy, which promotes Malay language and culture, Islamic values, and the monarchy. Only seven of Brunei’s native groups are recognized in the constitution and are defined as “Malay” – Brunei Malays, Belait, Kedayan, Dusun, Bisayak, Lun Bawang, and Sama-Baiau. Together they make up about 66% percent of the population and are referred to as the Bumiputera. The Bumiputera are entitled to official privileges, including land ownership, access to certain types of employment (Royal Brunei Armed Forces and Brunei Shell Petroleum), easier access to higher education, and better job opportunities in the civil service.
Brunei’s Chinese population descends from migrants who arrived when Brunei was a British protectorate (1888 and 1984). They are prominent in the non-state commercial sector and account for approximately 10% of the population. Most Bruneian Chinese are permanent residents rather than citizens despite roots going back several generations. Many are stateless and are denied rights granted to citizens, such as land ownership, subsidized health care, and free secondary and university education. Because of the discriminatory policies, the number of Chinese in Brunei has shrunk considerably in the last 50 years. Native ethnic groups that are not included in the Bumiputera are not recognized in the constitution and are not officially identified as “Malay” or automatically granted citizenship. Foreign workers constitute some quarter of the labor force.
" @@ -304,7 +304,7 @@ "text": "14 years" }, "female": { - "text": "15 years (2019)" + "text": "14 years (2020)" } }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { @@ -872,18 +872,18 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "86,590" + "text": "103,885 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "18.94 (2019 est.)" + "text": "23.75 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "574,799" + "text": "526,732 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "125.73 (2019 est.)" + "text": "120.4 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { @@ -914,10 +914,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "54,195" + "text": "71,078 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "11.85 (2019 est.)" + "text": "16.25 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -974,10 +974,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "102" + "text": "96" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 18, oil tanker 2, other 82 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 18, oil tanker 3, other 75 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/cb.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/cb.json index ae537213..2d0d7edc 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/cb.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/cb.json @@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ } }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Mekong (shared with Burma, Laos, Thailand, China, and Vietnam) - 4,350 km;" + "text": "Mekong (shared with China [s], Burma, Thailand, Laos, and Vietnam [m]) - 4,350 kmCambodia is a predominantly rural country with among the most ethnically and religiously homogenous populations in Southeast Asia: more than 95% of its inhabitants are Khmer and more than 95% are Buddhist. The population’s size and age structure shrank and then rebounded during the 20th century as a result of conflict and mass death. During the Khmer Rouge regime between 1975 and 1979 as many as 1.5 to 2 million people are estimated to have been killed or died as a result of starvation, disease, or overwork – a loss of about 25% of the population. At the same time, emigration was high, and the fertility rate sharply declined. In the 1980s, after the overthrow of the Khmer Rouge, fertility nearly doubled and reached pre-Khmer Rouge levels of close to 7 children per woman, reflecting in part higher infant survival rates. The baby boom was followed by a sustained fertility decline starting in the early 1990s, eventually decreasing from 3.8 in 2000 to 2.9 in 2010, although the rate varied by income, education, and rural versus urban location. Despite continuing fertility reduction, Cambodia still has a youthful population that is likely to maintain population growth through population momentum. Improvements have also been made in mortality, life expectancy, and contraceptive prevalence, although reducing malnutrition among children remains stalled. Differences in health indicators are pronounced between urban and rural areas, which experience greater poverty.
Cambodia is predominantly a country of migration, driven by the search for work, education, or marriage. Internal migration is more prevalent than international migration, with rural to urban migration being the most common, followed by rural to rural migration. Urban migration focuses on the pursuit of unskilled or semi-skilled jobs in Phnom Penh, with men working mainly in the construction industry and women working in garment factories. Most Cambodians who migrate abroad do so illegally using brokers because it is cheaper and faster than through formal channels, but doing so puts them at risk of being trafficked for forced labor or sexual exploitation. Young Cambodian men and women migrate short distances across the Thai border using temporary passes to work in agriculture, while others migrate long distances primarily into Thailand and Malaysia for work in agriculture, fishing, construction, manufacturing, and domestic service. Cambodia was a refugee sending country in the 1970s and 1980s as a result of the brutality of the Khmer Rouge regime, its ousting by the Vietnamese invasion, and the resultant civil war. Tens of thousands of Cambodians fled to Thailand; more than 100,000 were resettled in the US in the 1980s. Cambodia signed a multi-million dollar agreement with Australia in 2014 to voluntarily resettle refugees seeking shelter in Australia. However, the deal has proven to be a failure because of poor conditions and a lack of support services for the few refugees willing to accept the offer.
" @@ -372,18 +372,18 @@ "text": "11 years" }, "female": { - "text": "10 years (2008)" + "text": "10 years" } }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { "total": { - "text": "1.1%" + "text": "2.5%" }, "male": { - "text": "1%" + "text": "2.7%" }, "female": { - "text": "1.2% (2016 est.)" + "text": "2.3% (2019 est.)" } } }, @@ -473,7 +473,7 @@ } }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Mekong (shared with Burma, Laos, Thailand, China, and Vietnam) - 4,350 km;" + "text": "Mekong (shared with China [s], Burma, Thailand, Laos, and Vietnam [m]) - 4,350 kmthe Royal Cambodian Armed Forces (RCAF) was re-established in 1993 under the first coalition government from the merger of the Cambodian Government’s military forces (Cambodian People’s Armed Forces) and the two non-communist resistance forces (Sihanoukist National Army, aka National Army for Khmer Independence, and the Khmer People's National Liberation Armed Forces); thousands of communist Khmer Rouge fighters began surrendering by 1994 under a government amnesty program and the last of the Khmer Rouge forces (National Army of Democratic Kampuchea) were demobilized or absorbed into the RCAF in 1999
" } }, "Transnational Issues": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/ch.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/ch.json index fadf819a..066f4494 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/ch.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/ch.json @@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ } }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Yangtze - 6,300 km; Huang He - 5,464 km; Amur (shared with Russia and Mongolia) - 4,444 km; Mekong (shared with Burma, Laos, Thailand, Cambodia, and Vietnam) - 4,350 km; Brahmaputra (shared with India, Nepal, Bangladesh, and Bhutan) - 3,969 km; Indus (shared with India and Pakistan) - 3,610 km; Salween (shared with Burma and Thailand) - 3,060 km; Irrawaddy (shared with Burma) - 2,809 km; Pearl (shared with Vietnam) - 2,200 km; Red (shared with Vietnam) - 1,149 km" + "text": "Yangtze - 6,300 km; Huang He - 5,464 km; Amur river source (shared with Mongolia and Russia [m]) - 4,444 km; Mekong river source (shared with Burma, Laos, Thailand, Cambodia, and Vietnam [m]) - 4,350 km; Brahmaputra river source (shared with India and Bangladesh [m]) - 3,969 km; Indus river source (shared with India and Pakistan [m]) - 3,610 km; Salween river source (shared with Thailand and Burma [m]) - 3,060 km; Irrawaddy river source (shared with Burma [m]) - 2,809 km; Pearl (shared with Vietnam [s]) - 2,200 km; Red river source (shared with Vietnam [m]) - 1,149 km
established in 1927, the PLA is the military arm of the ruling Chinese Communist Party (CCP), which oversees the PLA through its Central Military Commission; the Central Military Commission is China’s top military decision making body
" + "text": "established in 1927, the PLA is the military arm of the ruling Chinese Communist Party (CCP), which oversees the PLA through its Central Military Commission; the Central Military Commission is China’s top military decision making body
China’s internal security forces consist primarily of the Ministry of Public Security (MPS), the Ministry of State Security (MSS), the People’s Armed Police (PAP), and the militia; the PLA support the internal security forces as necessary:
the MPS controls the civilian national police, which serves as the first-line force for public order; its primary mission is domestic law enforcement and maintaining order, including anti-rioting and anti-terrorism
the MSS is China’s main civilian intelligence and counterintelligence service
the PAP is a paramilitary component of the PLA; its primary missions include internal security, maintaining public order, maritime security, and assisting the PLA in times of war; it is under the command of the Central Military Commission (CMC); the China Coast Guard (CCG) is under the PAP; the CCG has a variety of missions, such as maritime sovereignty enforcement, surveillance, resource protection, anti-smuggling, and general law enforcement
the militia is an armed reserve of civilians which serves as an auxiliary and reserve force for the PLA upon mobilization; it is distinct from the PLA’s reserve forces; militia units are organized around towns, villages, urban sub-districts, and enterprises, and vary widely in composition and mission; they have dual civilian-military command structures; a key component of the militia are the local maritime forces, commonly referred to as the People’s Armed Forces Maritime Militia (PAFMM); the PAFMM consists of mariners (and their vessels) who receive training, equipment, and other forms of support from the Navy and CCG (although the PAFMM remains separate from both) to perform tasks such as maritime patrolling, surveillance and reconnaissance, emergency/disaster response, transportation, search and rescue, and auxiliary tasks in support of naval operations in wartime; the PAFMM’s tasks are often conducted in conjunction or coordination with the Navy and the CCG; it has been used to assert Chinese maritime claims in the East and South China seas
" } }, "Transnational Issues": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/hk.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/hk.json index da6ec15b..6f8a3237 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/hk.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/hk.json @@ -264,7 +264,7 @@ "text": "2 physicians/1,000 population (2019)" }, "Hospital bed density": { - "text": "5.4 beds/1,000 population (2018)" + "text": "4.9 beds/1,000 population (2020)" }, "Sanitation facility access": { "improved: urban": { @@ -303,18 +303,18 @@ "text": "17 years" }, "female": { - "text": "18 years (2019)" + "text": "18 years (2020)" } }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { "total": { - "text": "8.6%" + "text": "15.5%" }, "male": { - "text": "10.4%" + "text": "17.3%" }, "female": { - "text": "6.8% (2019 est.)" + "text": "13.6% (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -853,23 +853,23 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "4,029,603" + "text": "3,934,129 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "55.73 (2019 est.)" + "text": "52.48 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "21,455,736" + "text": "21,865,215 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "296.71 (2019 est.)" + "text": "291.7 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "excellent domestic and international services; some of the highest peak average broadband speeds and penetration rates in the world; HK government helps subsidize 5G projects and aims to be among earliest adopters of 5G mobile technology; almost all households have access to high-speed broadband connectivity through fiber; high mobile subscribership reflects tourism and multiple-device culture; government has organized the development of smart city and digital economy to encourage social inclusion and economic development, including health care, education, and utilities; US prevented use of Pacific Light submarine cable network due to security issues (2020) (2020)" + "text": "excellent domestic and international services; some of the highest peak average broadband speeds and penetration rates in the world; HK government helps subsidize 5G projects and aims to be among earliest adopters of 5G mobile technology; almost all households have access to high-speed broadband connectivity through fiber; high mobile subscribership reflects tourism and multiple-device culture; government has organized the development of smart city and digital economy to encourage social inclusion and economic development, including health care, education, and utilities; US prevented use of Pacific Light submarine cable network due to security issues (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "microwave radio relay links and extensive fiber-optic network; fixed-line is 55 per 100 and mobile-cellular is 289 per 100 (2019)" @@ -895,10 +895,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "2,804,790" + "text": "2,871,081 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "38.79 (2019 est.)" + "text": "38.3 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -949,10 +949,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "2,694" + "text": "2,718" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 1,157, container ship 551, general cargo 188, oil tanker 372, other 426 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 1,158, container ship 558, general cargo 184, oil tanker 388, other 430 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/id.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/id.json index 396e2eb1..39349b4e 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/id.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/id.json @@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ } }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Sepik (shared with Papua New Guinea) - 1,126 km; Fly (shared with Papua New Guinea) - 1,050 km" + "text": "Sepik (shared with Papua New Guinea [s]) - 1,126 km; Fly (shared with Papua New Guinea [s]) - 1,050 kmwith large population, disbursed island geography, and slow economic growth, Indonesia’s telecom sector is based on 3G/LTE mobile infrastructure and inadequate fixed-line capacity; market is attracting foreign investment, especially in data center and cloud based services; tests of 5G challenged by lack of spectrum; satellite improvements in 2020 (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "with large population, disbursed island geography, and slow economic growth, Indonesia’s telecom sector is based on 3G/LTE mobile infrastructure and inadequate fixed-line capacity; market is attracting foreign investment, especially in data center and cloud based services; tests of 5G challenged by lack of spectrum; satellite improvements in 2020 (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line 4 per 100 and mobile-cellular 127 per 100 persons; coverage provided by existing network has been expanded by use of over 200,000 telephone kiosks many located in remote areas; mobile-cellular subscribership growing rapidly (2019)" @@ -1050,10 +1050,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "10,284,364" + "text": "10,713,107 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "3.8 (2019 est.)" + "text": "3.92 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1145,10 +1145,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "10,137" + "text": "10,427" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 129, container ship 226, general cargo 2,213, oil tanker 643, other 6,926 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 148, container ship 226, general cargo 2,238, oil tanker 676, other 7,139 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/ja.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/ja.json index 27fdf2c8..038a6d53 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/ja.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/ja.json @@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ "text": "2.41 physicians/1,000 population (2016)" }, "Hospital bed density": { - "text": "13.1 beds/1,000 population (2017)" + "text": "13 beds/1,000 population (2018)" }, "Sanitation facility access": { "improved: total": { @@ -319,18 +319,18 @@ "text": "15 years" }, "female": { - "text": "15 years (2016)" + "text": "15 years (2018)" } }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { "total": { - "text": "3.8%" + "text": "4.6%" }, "male": { - "text": "3.9%" + "text": "5%" }, "female": { - "text": "3.7% (2019 est.)" + "text": "4.2% (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -524,7 +524,7 @@ "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; the leader of the majority party or majority coalition in the House of Representatives usually becomes prime minister" }, "election results": { - "text": "Fumio KISHIDA elected prime minister on 4 October 2021 by the lower house with 311 votes against 124 for Yukio EDANO" + "text": "Fumio KISHIDA relected prime minister on 10 November 2021 by the lower house with 297 votes against 108 for Yukio EDANO and in the upper houese 141 for KISHIDA and 60 for EDANO " } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -943,23 +943,23 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "62,743,196" + "text": "62,252,837 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "49.97 (2019 est.)" + "text": "49.22 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "186,514,109" + "text": "192,284,308 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "148.55 (2019 est.)" + "text": "152 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "excellent domestic and international service; exceedingly high mobile, mobile broadband, and fixed broadband penetration; in last decade, government policies supported delivery of fiber-optic broadband to over 90% of households; one of Japan's largest e-commerce companies planning to build its own nationwide stand-alone 5G mobile network; government to implement a telecom tax to pay for rural 5G network; fixed broadband subscriptions grow as DSL is phased out; major importer of integrated circuits from China (2020)
(2020)" + "text": "excellent domestic and international service; exceedingly high mobile, mobile broadband, and fixed broadband penetration; in last decade, government policies supported delivery of fiber-optic broadband to over 90% of households; one of Japan's largest e-commerce companies planning to build its own nationwide stand-alone 5G mobile network; government to implement a telecom tax to pay for rural 5G network; fixed broadband subscriptions grow as DSL is phased out; major importer of integrated circuits from China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "high level of modern technology and excellent service of every kind; 50 per 100 for fixed-line and 140 per 100 for mobile-cellular subscriptions (2019)" @@ -985,10 +985,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "42,502,489" + "text": "43,633,244 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "33.85 (2019 est.)" + "text": "34.5 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1083,10 +1083,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "5,041" + "text": "5,201" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 161, container ship 43, general cargo 1,789, oil tanker 667, other 2,381 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 148, container ship 45, general cargo 1,900, oil tanker 666, other 2,442 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/kn.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/kn.json index a3090685..5f0c4925 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/kn.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/kn.json @@ -276,9 +276,6 @@ "Physicians density": { "text": "3.68 physicians/1,000 population (2017)" }, - "Hospital bed density": { - "text": "13.2 beds/1,000 population (2012)" - }, "Sanitation facility access": { "improved: urban": { "text": "urban: 91.9% of population" @@ -860,7 +857,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "underdeveloped yet growing market dependent on 3G; nationwide fiber-optic network; some mobile-cellular service beyond Pyongyang; remote areas on manual switchboards; though currently under sanction, dependent on foreign investment (primarily Chinese) for equipment and infrastructure; low broadband penetration; international communication restricted and domestic use monitored by state (2021) (2020)" + "text": "underdeveloped yet growing market dependent on 3G; nationwide fiber-optic network; some mobile-cellular service beyond Pyongyang; remote areas on manual switchboards; though currently under sanction, dependent on foreign investment (primarily Chinese) for equipment and infrastructure; low broadband penetration; international communication restricted and domestic use monitored by state (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fiber-optic links installed down to the county level; telephone directories unavailable; mobile service launched in late 2008 for the Pyongyang area and considerable progress in expanding to other parts of the country since; fixed-lines are 5 per 100 and mobile-cellular 15 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -968,10 +965,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "261" + "text": "264" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 8, container ship 5, general cargo 187, oil tanker 32, other 29 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 8, container ship 5, general cargo 189, oil tanker 33, other 29 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -982,19 +979,24 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "Korean People's Army (KPA): KPA Ground Forces, KPA Navy, KPA Air Force (includes air defense), KPA Strategic Forces (missile forces); Security Guard Command (protects the Kim family, other senior leadership figures, and government facilities); Ministry of Public Security: Border Guards, civil security forces (2021)" + "text": "Korean People's Army (KPA): KPA Ground Forces, KPA Navy, KPA Air Force (includes air defense), KPA Strategic Forces (missile forces); Security Guard Command (aka Bodyguard Command; protects the Kim family, other senior leadership figures, and government facilities); Ministry of Public Security: Border Guards, civil security forces (2021)", + "note": "note - the North also has a large paramilitary force organized into the Worker Peasant Red Guard and Red Youth Guard; these organizations are present at all levels of government (province, county, ward) and are under the control of the Korean Workers' Party in peacetime, but revert to KPA control in crisis or war; they are often mobilized for domestic projects, such as road building and agricultural support" }, "Military expenditures": { "text": "an estimated 20-30% of North Korea's GDP is allocated to the military" }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "assessments of the size of the Korean People’s Army (KPA) vary widely; approximately 1.1-1.2 million active troops (950,000-1.0 million Army; 110-120,000 Air Force; 60,000 Navy; 10,000 Strategic Missile Forces); est. 200,000 Public Security forces (2021)" + "text": "assessments of the size of the Korean People’s Army (KPA) vary widely; approximately 1.1-1.3 million active troops (950,000-1.0 million Army; 110-120,000 Air Force; 60,000 Navy; 10,000 Strategic Missile Forces); est. 200,000 Public Security forces (2021)in addition to the invasion of South Korea and the subsequent Korean War (1950-53), North Korea from the 1960s to the 1980s launched a considerable number of limited military and subversive actions against South Korea using special forces and terrorist tactics; including aggressive skirmishes along the DMZ, overt attempts to assassinate South Korean leaders, kidnappings, the bombing of an airliner, and a failed effort in 1968 to foment an insurrection and conduct a guerrilla war in the South with more than 100 seaborne commandos; from the 1990s until 2010, the North lost two submarines and a semi-submersible boat attempting to insert infiltrators into the South (1996, 1998) and provoked several engagements in the Northwest Islands area along the disputed Northern Limit Line, including naval skirmishes between patrol boats in 1999 and 2002, the torpedoing and sinking of a South Korean corvette, the Cheonan, in 2010, and the bombardment a South Korean Marine Corps installation on Yeonpyeong Island, also in 2010; since 2010, further minor incidents continue to occur periodically along the DMZ, where both the KPA and the South Korean military maintain large numbers of troops
the KPA was founded in 1948; Kim Jong Un is the KPA supreme commander, while operational control of the armed forces resides in the General Staff Department (GSD), which reports directly to Kim; the GSD maintains overall control of all military forces and is charged with turning Kim’s directives into operational military orders; the Ministry of National Defense (MND) is responsible for administrative control of the military and external relations with foreign militaries
as of 2021, North Korea’s growing ballistic missile program included close- (CRBM), short- (SRBM), medium- (MRBM), intermediate- (IRBM), and intercontinental- (ICBM) range ballistic missiles; the North received its first ballistic missiles, short-range FROGs (free rocket over ground), from the Soviet Union in the 1960s, but its modern ballistic missile program is generally thought to date back to the mid-1970s when it received a Soviet Scud-class missile, likely from Egypt; the North reverse-engineered the missile and developed an indigenously built version in 1984; it flight-tested its first Scud-based medium-range Nodong missile in 1990, and probably began development of the multi-stage Taepodong missiles around this time as well; the North revealed its first road-mobile ICBM in 2012 and conducted the first test of an ICBM-class system in 2017
" } }, "Transnational Issues": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/ks.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/ks.json index 125572ad..4e8bb051 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/ks.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/ks.json @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ { "Introduction": { "Background": { - "text": "
The first recorded kingdom (Choson) on the Korean Peninsula dates from approximately 2300 B.C. Over the subsequent centuries, three main kingdoms - Kogoryo, Paekche, and Silla - were established on the Peninsula. By the 5th century A.D., Kogoryo emerged as the most powerful, with control over much of the Peninsula, as well as part of Manchuria (modern-day northeast China). However, Silla allied with the Chinese to create the first unified Korean state in the late 7th century (688). Following the collapse of Silla in the 9th century, Korea was unified under the Koryo (Goryeo; 918-1392) and the Chosen (Joseon; 1392-1910) dynasties.
Korea became the object of intense imperialistic rivalry between the Chinese (its traditional benefactor), Japanese, and Russian empires in the latter half of the 19th and early 20th centuries. Following the Sino-Japanese War (1894-95) and the Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905), Korea was occupied by Imperial Japan. In 1910, Tokyo formally annexed the entire Peninsula. Korea regained its independence following Japan's surrender to the US and it allies in 1945. After World War II, a democratic government (Republic of Korea, ROK) was set up in the southern half of the Korean Peninsula while a communist-style government was installed in the north (Democratic People's Republic of Korea, DPRK). During the Korean War (1950-53), US troops and UN forces fought alongside ROK soldiers to defend South Korea from a DPRK invasion supported by communist China and the Soviet Union. A 1953 armistice split the Peninsula along a demilitarized zone at about the 38th parallel. PARK Chung-hee took over leadership of the country in a 1961 coup. During his regime from 1961 to 1979, South Korea achieved rapid economic growth, with per capita income rising to roughly 17 times the level of North Korea in 1979.
Park was assassinated in 1979, and subsequent years were marked by political turmoil and continued authoritarian rule under the guise of democracy. South Korea held its first free presidential election under a revised democratic constitution in 1987, with former ROK Army general ROH Tae-woo winning a close race. In 1993, KIM Young-sam (1993-98) became the first civilian president of South Korea's new democratic era. President KIM Dae-jung (1998-2003) won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2000 for his contributions to South Korean democracy and his \"Sunshine\" policy of engagement with North Korea. President PARK Geun-hye, daughter of former ROK President PARK Chung-hee, took office in February 2013 as South Korea's first female leader. In December 2016, the National Assembly passed an impeachment motion against President PARK over her alleged involvement in a corruption and influence-peddling scandal, immediately suspending her presidential authorities. The impeachment was upheld in March 2017, triggering an early presidential election in May 2017 won by MOON Jae-in.
South Korea hosted the Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games in February 2018, in which North Korea also participated. Discord with North Korea has permeated inter-Korean relations for much of the past decade, highlighted by the North's attacks on a South Korean ship and island in 2010, the exchange of artillery fire across the DMZ in 2015, and multiple nuclear and missile tests in 2016 and 2017. North Korea’s participation in the Winter Olympics, dispatch of a senior delegation to Seoul, and three inter-Korean summits in 2018 appear to have ushered in a temporary period of respite, buoyed by the historic US-DPRK summits in 2018 and 2019. Nevertheless, relations were stagnant in 2020 and 2021.
The first recorded kingdom (Choson) on the Korean Peninsula dates from approximately 2300 B.C. Over the subsequent centuries, three main kingdoms - Kogoryo, Paekche, and Silla - were established on the Peninsula. By the 5th century A.D., Kogoryo emerged as the most powerful, with control over much of the Peninsula, as well as part of Manchuria (modern-day northeast China). However, Silla allied with the Chinese to create the first unified Korean state in the late 7th century (688). Following the collapse of Silla in the 9th century, Korea was unified under the Koryo (Goryeo; 918-1392) and the Chosen (Joseon; 1392-1910) dynasties.
Korea became the object of intense imperialistic rivalry between the Chinese (its traditional benefactor), Japanese, and Russian empires in the latter half of the 19th and early 20th centuries. Following the Sino-Japanese War (1894-95) and the Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905), Korea was occupied by Imperial Japan. In 1910, Tokyo formally annexed the entire Peninsula. Korea regained its independence following Japan's surrender to the US and it allies in 1945. After World War II, a democratic government (Republic of Korea, ROK) was set up in the southern half of the Korean Peninsula while a communist-style government was installed in the north (Democratic People's Republic of Korea, DPRK). During the Korean War (1950-53), US troops and UN forces fought alongside ROK soldiers to defend South Korea from a DPRK invasion supported by communist China and the Soviet Union. A 1953 armistice split the Peninsula along a demilitarized zone at about the 38th parallel. PARK Chung-hee took over leadership of the country in a 1961 coup. During his regime from 1961 to 1979, South Korea achieved rapid economic growth, with per capita income rising to roughly 17 times the level of North Korea in 1979.
Park was assassinated in 1979, and Army general Army general Chun Doo-hwan succeeded Park in a coup two months after the assassination; subsequent years were marked by political turmoil and continued authoritarian rule under the guise of democracy. South Korea held its first free presidential election under a revised democratic constitution in 1987, with former Army general ROH Tae-woo winning a close race. In 1993, KIM Young-sam (1993-98) became the first civilian president of South Korea's new democratic era. President KIM Dae-jung (1998-2003) won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2000 for his contributions to South Korean democracy and his \"Sunshine\" policy of engagement with North Korea. President PARK Geun-hye, daughter of former ROK President PARK Chung-hee, took office in February 2013 as South Korea's first female leader. In December 2016, the National Assembly passed an impeachment motion against President PARK over her alleged involvement in a corruption and influence-peddling scandal, immediately suspending her presidential authorities. The impeachment was upheld in March 2017, triggering an early presidential election in May 2017 won by MOON Jae-in.
South Korea hosted the Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games in February 2018, in which North Korea also participated. Discord with North Korea has permeated inter-Korean relations for much of the past decade, highlighted by the North's attacks on a South Korean ship and island in 2010, the exchange of artillery fire across the DMZ in 2015, and multiple nuclear and missile tests in 2016 and 2017. North Korea’s participation in the Winter Olympics, dispatch of a senior delegation to Seoul, and three inter-Korean summits in 2018 appear to have ushered in a temporary period of respite, buoyed by the historic US-DPRK summits in 2018 and 2019. Nevertheless, relations were stagnant in 2020 and 2021.
excellent domestic and international services featuring rapid incorporation of new technologies; exceedingly high mobile, mobile broadband, and fixed broadband penetration; strong support from government for initiatives; tech-savvy population has catapulted the nation into one of the world's most active telecommunication markets; all mobile operators offer 5G networks; Chinese telecom Huawei partnered with operators including launch of Seoul TechCity; import of integrated circuits, broadcasting equipment, and phones from China; government and private partnership on national e-commerce and smart city development (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "excellent domestic and international services featuring rapid incorporation of new technologies; exceedingly high mobile, mobile broadband, and fixed broadband penetration; strong support from government for initiatives; tech-savvy population has catapulted the nation into one of the world's most active telecommunication markets; all mobile operators offer 5G networks; Chinese telecom Huawei partnered with operators including launch of Seoul TechCity; import of integrated circuits, broadcasting equipment, and phones from China; government and private partnership on national e-commerce and smart city development (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line 48 per 100 and mobile-cellular services 135 per 100 persons; rapid assimilation of a full range of telecommunications technologies leading to a boom in e-commerce (2019)" @@ -981,10 +981,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "21,906,172" + "text": "22,330,182 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "42.59 (2019 est.)" + "text": "43.55 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1072,10 +1072,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "1,889" + "text": "1,904" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 88, container ship 84, general cargo 357, oil tanker 187, other 1,173 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 78, container ship 91, general cargo 360, oil tanker 184, other 1,191 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1125,7 +1125,7 @@ "note": "note: South Korea intends to reduce the length of military service to 18 – 22 months by 2022" }, "Military - note": { - "text": "the 1953 US-South Korea Mutual Defense Treaty is a cornerstone of South Korea’s security; the Treaty committed the US to provide assistance in the event of an attack, particularly from North Korea; in addition, the Treaty gave the US permission to station land, air, and sea forces in and about the territory of South Korea as determined by mutual agreement; as of 2021, the US maintained approximately 28,000 military personnel in the country
the South Korean military has assisted the US in conflicts in Afghanistan (5,000 troops; 2001-2014), Iraq (20,000 troops; 2003-2008), and Vietnam (325,000 troops; 1964-1973)
South Korea has Major Non-NATO Ally (MNNA) status with the US; MNNA is a designation under US law that provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense trade and security cooperation; while MNNA status provides military and economic privileges, it does not entail any security commitments
" + "text": "
the 1953 US-South Korea Mutual Defense Treaty is a cornerstone of South Korea’s security; the Treaty committed the US to provide assistance in the event of an attack, particularly from North Korea; in addition, the Treaty gave the US permission to station land, air, and sea forces in and about the territory of South Korea as determined by mutual agreement; as of 2021, the US maintained approximately 28,000 military personnel in the country
the South Korean military has assisted the US in conflicts in Afghanistan (5,000 troops; 2001-2014), Iraq (20,000 troops; 2003-2008), and Vietnam (325,000 troops; 1964-1973)
South Korea has Major Non-NATO Ally (MNNA) status with the US; MNNA is a designation under US law that provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense trade and security cooperation; while MNNA status provides military and economic privileges, it does not entail any security commitments
in 2016, South Korea concluded an agreement with the European Union for participation in EU Common Security and Defense Policy (CSDP) missions and operations, such as the EU Naval Force Somalia – Operation Atalanta, which protects maritime shipping and conducts counter-piracy operations off the coast of East Africa
South Korea has been engaged with NATO through dialogue and security cooperation since 2005 and is considered by NATO to be a global partner; it has participated in NATO-led missions and exercises, including leading an integrated civilian-military reconstruction team in Afghanistan as part of the NATO-led International Security Assistance Force, 2010-2013; it has also cooperated with NATO in countering the threat of piracy in the Gulf of Aden by providing naval vessels as escorts
" } }, "Transnational Issues": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/la.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/la.json index b13d1c35..3eb1965f 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/la.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/la.json @@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ "text": "3,100 sq km (2012)" }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Mekong (shared with Burma, China, Thailand, Cambodia, and Vietnam) - 4,350 km;" + "text": "Mekong (shared with China [s], Burma, Thailand, Cambodia, and Vietnam [m]) - 4,350 km
reliance on radio network to communicate with remote areas; regulatory reform is below industry standards; government aims to strengthen infrastructure and attract foreign investment; low fixed-broadband penetration; dominance in mobile broadband with 4G and LTE, but low compared to other Asian markets; ASEAN Digital Hub investment provides international capacity; state owns almost all media, except for some entertainment outlets, and has suppressed some news; importer of broadcasting equipment and computers from China; providers examining m-payment platforms and 5G tests (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "reliance on radio network to communicate with remote areas; regulatory reform is below industry standards; government aims to strengthen infrastructure and attract foreign investment; low fixed-broadband penetration; dominance in mobile broadband with 4G and LTE, but low compared to other Asian markets; ASEAN Digital Hub investment provides international capacity; state owns almost all media, except for some entertainment outlets, and has suppressed some news; importer of broadcasting equipment and computers from China; providers examining m-payment platforms and 5G tests (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line 21 per 100 and 61 per 100 for mobile-cellular subscriptions (2019)" @@ -1008,10 +1008,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "45,379" + "text": "76,280 (2019)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "1 (2018 est.)" + "text": "1.06 (2019 est.)" } } }, @@ -1088,13 +1088,13 @@ "text": "1" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 1 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 1 (2021)" } } }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "Lao People's Armed Forces (LPAF): Lao People's Army (LPA, includes Riverine Force), Air Force, Self-Defense Militia Forces (2021)" + "text": "Lao People's Armed Forces (LPAF): Lao People's Army (LPA, includes Riverine Force), Air Force, Self-Defense Militia ForcesMinistry of Public Security (internal security and law enforcement): local, traffic, immigration, and security police, as well as village police auxiliaries and other armed police units
(2021)" }, "Military expenditures": { "Military Expenditures 2017": { @@ -1121,6 +1121,9 @@ }, "Military service age and obligation": { "text": "18 years of age for compulsory or voluntary military service; conscript service obligation - minimum 18 months (2019)" + }, + "Military - note": { + "text": "the LPAF’s primary missions are border and internal security, including counterinsurgency and counterterrorism
" } }, "Transnational Issues": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/mc.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/mc.json index d39d176a..f51200e0 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/mc.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/mc.json @@ -273,24 +273,24 @@ }, "School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": { "total": { - "text": "16 years" + "text": "17 years" }, "male": { "text": "16 years" }, "female": { - "text": "17 years (2019)" + "text": "18 years (2020)" } }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { "total": { - "text": "4.9%" + "text": "8.1%" }, "male": { - "text": "5.5%" + "text": "9.9%" }, "female": { - "text": "4.2% (2019 est.)" + "text": "6.4% (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -793,23 +793,23 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "119,355" + "text": "123,469 (2018)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "19.55 (2019 est.)" + "text": "19.55 (2018 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "2,108,274" + "text": "2,181,194 (2018)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "345.33 (2019 est.)" + "text": "345.3 (2018 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "Macau’s sophisticated telecom market boasts one of the highest mobile penetration rates in the world due to high tourism; liberalized market is managed by independent regulator with effective competition in the mobile market; modern communication facilities maintained for domestic and international services; high mobile subscriber numbers and mobile penetration; offering 4G, LTE services and first phase of 5G network rollout; possible synchronizing with neighboring regions; Macau's smart city project spans areas of transportation, medical services, tourism, and e-government; importer of broadcast and video equipment from China (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "Macau’s sophisticated telecom market boasts one of the highest mobile penetration rates in the world due to high tourism; liberalized market is managed by independent regulator with effective competition in the mobile market; modern communication facilities maintained for domestic and international services; high mobile subscriber numbers and mobile penetration; offering 4G, LTE services and first phase of 5G network rollout; possible synchronizing with neighboring regions; Macau's smart city project spans areas of transportation, medical services, tourism, and e-government; importer of broadcast and video equipment from China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line 20 per 100 and mobile-cellular 345 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -835,10 +835,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "193,057" + "text": "193,057 (2018)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "32 (2018 est.)" + "text": "29.88 (2019 est.)" } } }, @@ -889,7 +889,7 @@ "text": "1" }, "by type": { - "text": "other 1 (2020)" + "text": "other 1 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/mg.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/mg.json index 4adc95a2..31ffa55a 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/mg.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/mg.json @@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ } }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Amur (shared with Russia and China) - 4,444 km" + "text": "Amur (shared with China [s] and Russia [m]) - 4,444 kmliberalized and competitive telecom market; steady growth in mobile broadband, but fixed-line broadband is still an economical option; installation of a fiber-optic network improved broadband and communication services between major urban centers; compared to other Asian countries, Mongolia's growth in telecom is moderate; mobile broadband rate is growing through competition among operators with reasonable tariffs; launch of 4G LTE services by all major operators; South Korean investment in landline and cellular services; partner in China’s economic corridor project; import of broadcasting equipment from China (2020)
(2020)" + "text": "liberalized and competitive telecom market; steady growth in mobile broadband, but fixed-line broadband is still an economical option; installation of a fiber-optic network improved broadband and communication services between major urban centers; compared to other Asian countries, Mongolia's growth in telecom is moderate; mobile broadband rate is growing through competition among operators with reasonable tariffs; launch of 4G LTE services by all major operators; South Korean investment in landline and cellular services; partner in China’s economic corridor project; import of broadcasting equipment from China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "very low fixed-line teledensity 12 per 100; there are four mobile-cellular providers and subscribership is increasing with 137 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1014,10 +1014,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "317,317" + "text": "307,166 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "10.12 (2019 est.)" + "text": "9.37 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1103,16 +1103,16 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "294" + "text": "302" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 3, container ship 4, general cargo 113, oil tanker 70, other 104 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 4, container ship 7, general cargo 131, oil tanker 64, other 96 (2021)" } } }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "Mongolian Armed Forces (Mongol ulsyn zevsegt huchin): General Purpose Troops (Mongolian Army), Air/Air Defense Force, Cyber Security, Special Forces, Civil Engineering, Civil Defense Forces; Border Troops; Internal Security Troopsone of the most advanced telecom networks in the developing world; strong commitment to developing a technological society; Malaysia is promoting itself as an information tech hub in the Asian region; closing the urban rural divide; 4G and 5G networks with strong competition, mobile dominance over fixed-broadband; government development of five-year fiber and connectivity plan; some of Malaysia’s key exports are integrated circuits and broadcasting equipment to North America and China; importer of integrated circuits from Singapore and China (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "one of the most advanced telecom networks in the developing world; strong commitment to developing a technological society; Malaysia is promoting itself as an information tech hub in the Asian region; closing the urban rural divide; 4G and 5G networks with strong competition, mobile dominance over fixed-broadband; government development of five-year fiber and connectivity plan; some of Malaysia’s key exports are integrated circuits and broadcasting equipment to North America and China; importer of integrated circuits from Singapore and China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line 20 per 100 and mobile-cellular teledensity exceeds 140 per 100 persons; domestic satellite system with 2 earth stations (2019)" @@ -1024,10 +1024,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "2,964,500" + "text": "3,358,800 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "9.04 (2019 est.)" + "text": "10.38 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1118,10 +1118,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "1,772" + "text": "1,769" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 16, container ship 26, general cargo 179, oil tanker 153, other 1,398 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 16, container ship 28, general cargo 174, oil tanker 153, other 1,398 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1175,6 +1175,9 @@ }, "Military service age and obligation": { "text": "17 years 6 months of age for voluntary military service (younger with parental consent and proof of age); mandatory retirement age 60; women serve in the Malaysian Armed Forces; no conscription (2019)" + }, + "Military - note": { + "text": "maritime security has long been a top priority for the Malaysian Armed Forces, but it has received even greater emphasis in the 2000s, particularly anti-piracy operations in the Strait of Malacca and countering Chinese naval incursions in Malaysia’s Economic Exclusion Zone, as well as addressing identified shortfalls in maritime capabilities; as such, it has undertaken modest efforts to procure more modern ships, improve air and maritime surveillance, expand the Navy’s support infrastructure (particularly bases/ports) and domestic ship-building capacities, restructure naval command and control, and increase naval cooperation with regional and international partners; as of 2021, for example, the Navy had 6 frigates fitting out or under construction and scheduled for completion by 2023, which will increase the number of operational frigates from 2 to 8; in addition, it began tri-lateral air and naval patrols with Indonesia and the Philippines in 2017; Malaysia also cooperates closely with the US military, including on maritime surveillance and participating regularly in bilateral and multilateral training exercises
" } }, "Terrorism": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/pp.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/pp.json index 1b465e96..982d6644 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/pp.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/pp.json @@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ "text": "0 sq km (2012)" }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Sepik (shared with Indonesia) - 1,126 km; Fly (shared with Indonesia) - 1,050 km" + "text": "Sepik river source and mouth (shared with Indonesia) - 1,126 km; Fly river source and mouth (shared with Indonesia) - 1,050 km" }, "Population distribution": { "text": "population concentrated in the highlands and eastern coastal areas on the island of New Guinea; predominantly a rural distribution with only about one-fifth of the population residing in urban areas" @@ -437,7 +437,7 @@ } }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Sepik (shared with Indonesia) - 1,126 km; Fly (shared with Indonesia) - 1,050 km" + "text": "Sepik river source and mouth (shared with Indonesia) - 1,126 km; Fly river source and mouth (shared with Indonesia) - 1,050 km" }, "Total water withdrawal": { "municipal": { @@ -947,23 +947,23 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "133,593" + "text": "158,000 (2017)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "1.87 (2019 est.)" + "text": "1.87 (2017 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "3,401,971" + "text": "4.018 million (2017)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "47.62 (2019 est.)" + "text": "47.62 (2017 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "telecom services stymied by rugged terrain, high cost of infrastructure, and poverty of citizens; services are minimal with little change in fixed-line tele-density in two decades; progress in mobile platforms with almost 90% coverage on 3G and LTE; GSM available in remote areas; Internet slow and expensive, available to pockets of the population; facilities provide radiotelephone, telegraph, coastal radio, aeronautical radio, and international radio communication services; launch of satellite and landing of submarine cable will improve most services in the region; government supports training to boost digital transformation; Australia attempted to block Chinese investment in cooperative network; importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "telecom services stymied by rugged terrain, high cost of infrastructure, and poverty of citizens; services are minimal with little change in fixed-line tele-density in two decades; progress in mobile platforms with almost 90% coverage on 3G and LTE; GSM available in remote areas; Internet slow and expensive, available to pockets of the population; facilities provide radiotelephone, telegraph, coastal radio, aeronautical radio, and international radio communication services; launch of satellite and landing of submarine cable will improve most services in the region; government supports training to boost digital transformation; Australia attempted to block Chinese investment in cooperative network; importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "access to telephone services is not widely available; fixed-line 2 per 100 and mobile-cellular 48 per 100 person, teledensity has increased (2019)" @@ -989,7 +989,7 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "17,000" + "text": "18,000 (2017 est.)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { "text": "less than 1 (2017 est.)" @@ -1075,10 +1075,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "175" + "text": "177" }, "by type": { - "text": "container ship 6, general cargo 80, oil tanker 3, other 86 (2020)" + "text": "container ship 6, general cargo 81, oil tanker 3, other 87 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1092,7 +1092,7 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "Papua New Guinea Defense Force (PNGDF; includes land, maritime, and air elements) (2021)" + "text": "Papua New Guinea Defense Force (PNGDF; includes land, maritime, and air elements); Ministry of Police: Royal Papua New Guinea Constabulary (2021)" }, "Military expenditures": { "Military Expenditures 2020": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/rp.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/rp.json index 55d69aed..fe2d3ab8 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/rp.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/rp.json @@ -364,18 +364,18 @@ "text": "13 years" }, "female": { - "text": "15 years (2017)" + "text": "13 years (2017)" } }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { "total": { - "text": "6.8%" + "text": "7%" }, "male": { - "text": "5.9%" + "text": "6.1%" }, "female": { - "text": "8.3% (2019 est.)" + "text": "8.5% (2020 est.)" } }, "People - note": { @@ -1016,7 +1016,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "high unemployment and rural population impede investment in fixed infrastructure; dominance in the mobile segment and rapid development of mobile broadband; investment focused on fiber infrastructure in urban areas with 4G available in most areas; national broadband plan to improve connectivity in rural areas underway; data center and smart city pilot in Manila; submarine cable link and satellite improves telecom for the region; major exporter of integrated circuits to China, and importer of circuits and broadcasting equipment from China (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "high unemployment and rural population impede investment in fixed infrastructure; dominance in the mobile segment and rapid development of mobile broadband; investment focused on fiber infrastructure in urban areas with 4G available in most areas; national broadband plan to improve connectivity in rural areas underway; data center and smart city pilot in Manila; submarine cable link and satellite improves telecom for the region; major exporter of integrated circuits to China, and importer of circuits and broadcasting equipment from China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "telecommunications infrastructure includes the following platforms: fixed line, mobile cellular, cable TV, over-the-air TV, radio and (very small aperture terminal) VSAT, fiber-optic cable, and satellite for redundant international connectivity; fixed-line 4 per 100 and mobile-cellular 155 per 100 (2019)" @@ -1139,10 +1139,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "1,747" + "text": "1,805" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 69, container ship 45, general cargo 682, oil tanker 203, other 748 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 62, container ship 44, general cargo 716, oil tanker 205, other 778 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1211,7 +1211,7 @@ } }, "Illicit drugs": { - "text": "domestic methamphetamine production has been a growing problem in recent years despite government crackdowns; major consumer of amphetamines; longstanding marijuana producer mainly in rural areas where Manila's control is limited" + "text": "cannabis products, methamphetamine hydrochloride (locally known as \"shabu\"), and MDMA (ecstasy) are locally used; Chinese Transnational Criminal Organizations (TCOs) are the main source of methamphetamine; precursor chemicals are in transit from China to Burma" } } } \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/sn.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/sn.json index 1bcce4bb..2ca0e1b3 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/sn.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/sn.json @@ -329,18 +329,18 @@ "text": "16 years" }, "female": { - "text": "17 years (2018)" + "text": "17 years (2019)" } }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { "total": { - "text": "9.1%" + "text": "10.6%" }, "male": { - "text": "6.2%" + "text": "8.1%" }, "female": { - "text": "12.5% (2016 est.)" + "text": "13.5% (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -958,7 +958,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "a wealthy city-state, Singapore has a highly developed ICT infrastructure; government supported near universal home broadband penetration and free public access to wireless network; operators proceeded with investment programs, particularly in 5G standalone networks; government actively promoting Smart Nation initiative supporting digital innovation; government oversees service providers, controls Internet content, and regulators lack independence; well served by submarine cable and satellite connections; major importer of integrated circuits and broadcasting equipment from China and exporter of same to SE Asian neighboring countries (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "a wealthy city-state, Singapore has a highly developed ICT infrastructure; government supported near universal home broadband penetration and free public access to wireless network; operators proceeded with investment programs, particularly in 5G standalone networks; government actively promoting Smart Nation initiative supporting digital innovation; government oversees service providers, controls Internet content, and regulators lack independence; well served by submarine cable and satellite connections; major importer of integrated circuits and broadcasting equipment from China and exporter of same to SE Asian neighboring countries (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "excellent domestic facilities; fixed-line 33 per 100 and mobile-cellular 156 per 100 teledensity; multiple providers of high-speed Internet connectivity (2019)" @@ -1047,10 +1047,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "3,420" + "text": "3,321" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 570, container ship 497, general cargo 123, oil tanker 748, other 1,482 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 576, container ship 514, general cargo 113, oil tanker 699, other 1,419 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/th.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/th.json index 507ab864..ab0efea1 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/th.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/th.json @@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ } }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Mekong (shared with Burma, Laos, China, Cambodia, and Vietnam) - 4,350 km; Salween (shared with China and Burma) - 3,060 km; Mun - 1,162 km" + "text": "Mekong (shared with China [s], Burma, Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam [m]) - 4,350 km; Salween (shared with China [s] and Burma [m]) - 3,060 km; Mun - 1,162 kmhigh-quality system, especially in urban areas; mobile and mobile broadband penetration are on the increase; FttH has strong growth in cities; 4G-LTE available with adoption of 5G services; seven smart cities with aim for 100 smart cities by 2024; one of the biggest e-commerce markets in Southeast Asia; fixed-broadband and mobile marketplace on par with other developed Asian markets; development of Asian data center underway; Internet connectivity supported by international bandwidth to Singapore, Malaysia, and Hong Kong, and terrestrial cables with neighboring countries; two more submarine cables under construction with anticipated landings in 2022; government restricts Internet and freedom of press, with additional constraints in response to pandemic-related criticism in 2020; importer of broadcasting equipment and integrated circuits from China and export of same to neighboring countries in Asia (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "high-quality system, especially in urban areas; mobile and mobile broadband penetration are on the increase; FttH has strong growth in cities; 4G-LTE available with adoption of 5G services; seven smart cities with aim for 100 smart cities by 2024; one of the biggest e-commerce markets in Southeast Asia; fixed-broadband and mobile marketplace on par with other developed Asian markets; development of Asian data center underway; Internet connectivity supported by international bandwidth to Singapore, Malaysia, and Hong Kong, and terrestrial cables with neighboring countries; two more submarine cables under construction with anticipated landings in 2022; government restricts Internet and freedom of press, with additional constraints in response to pandemic-related criticism in 2020; importer of broadcasting equipment and integrated circuits from China and export of same to neighboring countries in Asia (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line system provided by both a government-owned and commercial provider; wireless service expanding rapidly; fixed-line 4 per 100 and mobile-cellular 186 per 100 (2019)" @@ -1140,10 +1137,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "840" + "text": "839" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 26, container ship 28, general cargo 87, oil tanker 257, other 442 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 26, container ship 27, general cargo 94, oil tanker 251, other 441 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1213,7 +1210,7 @@ "note": "note: Thai nationality was granted to more than 23,000 stateless persons between 2012 and 2016; in 2016, the Government of Thailand approved changes to its citizenship laws that could make 80,000 stateless persons eligible for citizenship, as part of its effort to achieve zero statelessness by 2024 (2018)" }, "Illicit drugs": { - "text": "a minor producer of opium, heroin, and marijuana; major part of the illegal drug market for the Southeast Asia region and the interconnected markets in East Asia and Oceania; transit point for illicit heroin en route to the international drug market from Burma and Laos; . “Yaba,” a tablet containing methamphetamine, caffeine, and other stimulants, is the most widely abused drug in Thailand" + "text": "a minor producer of opium, heroin, and cannabis products; major part of the illegal drug market for the Southeast Asia region and the interconnected markets in East Asia and Oceania; transit point for illicit heroin en route to the international drug market from Burma and Laos; . “Yaba,” a tablet containing methamphetamine, caffeine, and other stimulants, is the most widely abused drug in Thailand" } } } \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/tt.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/tt.json index 1318236b..019c80d4 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/tt.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/tt.json @@ -340,17 +340,6 @@ "text": "64.2% (2018)" } }, - "School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": { - "total": { - "text": "13 years" - }, - "male": { - "text": "14 years" - }, - "female": { - "text": "13 years (2010)" - } - }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { "total": { "text": "13.2%" @@ -955,7 +944,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "following years of civil unrest, the government and operators are working toward regeneration of the economy and telecom infrastructure; service in urban and some rural areas expanding with competition; most of the population has access to 4G LTE service; increase in mobile-broadband penetration; government aims to boost e-government services with new national terrestrial fiber-optic network; launch of satellite and approval for submarine cable link to Australia will boost sector growth; importer of broadcasting equipment from Indonesia and China (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "following years of civil unrest, the government and operators are working toward regeneration of the economy and telecom infrastructure; service in urban and some rural areas expanding with competition; most of the population has access to 4G LTE service; increase in mobile-broadband penetration; government aims to boost e-government services with new national terrestrial fiber-optic network; launch of satellite and approval for submarine cable link to Australia will boost sector growth; importer of broadcasting equipment from Indonesia and China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "system suffered significant damage during the violence associated with independence; limited fixed-line services, less than 1 per 100 and mobile-cellular services have been expanding and are now available in urban and most rural areas with teledensity of 110 per 100 (2019)" @@ -1046,7 +1035,7 @@ "text": "1" }, "by type": { - "text": "other 1 (2020)" + "text": "other 1 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1057,7 +1046,7 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "Timor-Leste Defense Force (Falintil-Forcas de Defesa de Timor-L'este, Falintil (F-FDTL)): Joint Headquarters with Land, Air, Naval, Service Support, and Education/Training components (2021)" + "text": "Timor-Leste Defense Force (Falintil-Forcas de Defesa de Timor-L'este, Falintil (F-FDTL)): Joint Headquarters with Land, Air, Naval, Service Support, and Education/Training components; National Police (Polícia Nacional de Timor-Leste, PNTL) (2021)" }, "Military expenditures": { "Military Expenditures 2020": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/tw.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/tw.json index ecdce0db..94a213f3 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/tw.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/tw.json @@ -834,7 +834,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "dynamic telecommunications industry defined by excellent infrastructure and competitive mobile market; solid availability of fixed and mobile broadband networks; investors attracted to regulatory certainty, market maturity, an educated workforce, and ICT sector at the heart of economic development; 4G LTE service with fiber is the most popular platform; 5G to 80% of subscribers; government funds development of 5G and IoT market; concerns include China’s efforts to influence media and ICT policy (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "dynamic telecommunications industry defined by excellent infrastructure and competitive mobile market; solid availability of fixed and mobile broadband networks; investors attracted to regulatory certainty, market maturity, an educated workforce, and ICT sector at the heart of economic development; 4G LTE service with fiber is the most popular platform; 5G to 80% of subscribers; government funds development of 5G and IoT market; concerns include China’s efforts to influence media and ICT policy (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line 55 per 100 and mobile-cellular 123 per 100 (2019)" @@ -946,10 +946,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "407" + "text": "429" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 36, container ship 49, general cargo 57, oil tanker 31, other 234 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 37, container ship 49, general cargo 57, oil tanker 33, other 253 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/vm.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/vm.json index 7fddbd8f..bb351726 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/vm.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/vm.json @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ { "Introduction": { "Background": { - "text": "Ancient Vietnam was centered on the Red River Valley and was under Han Chinese rule until approximately the 10th century. The Ly Dynasty (11th-13th century) ruled the first independent Vietnamese state, which was known as Dai Viet, and established their capital at Thang Long (Hanoi). Under the Tran Dynasty (13th-15th century), Dai Viet forces led by one of Vietnam’s national heroes, TRAN Hang Dao, fought off Mongol invaders in 1279. Following a brief Chinese occupation in the early 1400s, the leader of Vietnamese resistance, LE Thai To, made himself emperor and established the Le Dynasty, which lasted until the late 18th century, although not without decades of political turmoil, civil war, and division. During this period, Dai Viet expanded southward to the Central Highlands and Mekong Delta, reaching the approximate boundaries of modern-day Vietnam by the 1750s. Dai Viet suffered additional civil war and division in the latter half of the 18th century, but was reunited and renamed Vietnam under Emperor NGUYEN Phuc Anh (aka Gia Long) in 1802.Despite some tensions with Beijing, particularly over rival claims in the South China Sea, China remains Vietnam’s most important bi-lateral relationship and is its largest trading partner.
" + "text": "Ancient Vietnam was centered on the Red River Valley and was under Han Chinese rule until approximately the 10th century. The Ly Dynasty (11th-13th century) ruled the first independent Vietnamese state, which was known as Dai Viet, and established their capital at Thang Long (Hanoi). Under the Tran Dynasty (13th-15th century), Dai Viet forces led by one of Vietnam’s national heroes, TRAN Hang Dao, fought off Mongol invaders in 1279. Following a brief Chinese occupation in the early 1400s, the leader of Vietnamese resistance, LE Thai To, made himself emperor and established the Le Dynasty, which lasted until the late 18th century, although not without decades of political turmoil, civil war, and division. During this period, Dai Viet expanded southward to the Central Highlands and Mekong Delta, reaching the approximate boundaries of modern-day Vietnam by the 1750s. Dai Viet suffered additional civil war and division in the latter half of the 18th century, but was reunited and renamed Vietnam under Emperor NGUYEN Phuc Anh (aka Gia Long) in 1802.Despite some tensions with Beijing, particularly over rival claims in the South China Sea, China remains Vietnam’s most important bi-lateral relationship and is its largest trading partner.
" } }, "Geography": { @@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ "text": "46,000 sq km (2012)" }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Mekong (shared with Burma, Laos, Thailand, Cambodia, and China) - 4,350 km; Pearl (shared with China) - 2,200 km; Red (shared with China) - 1,149 km" + "text": "Mekong river mouth (shared with China [s], Burma, Laos, Thailand, Cambodia) - 4,350 km; Pearl river source (shared with China [m]) - 2,200 km; Red river mouth (shared with China [s]) - 1,149 kmthough communist, government plans to partially privatize the state’s holdings in telecom companies; competition is thriving in the telecom market place and driving e-commerce; mobile dominates over fixed-line; FttH market is growing; government is the driving force for growth with aims of commercializing 5G services with test licenses; Ho Chi Minh City to become the first smart city in Vietnam with cloud computing infrastructure, big data, data centers, and security-monitoring centers (2020)
(2020)" + "text": "though communist, government plans to partially privatize the state’s holdings in telecom companies; competition is thriving in the telecom market place and driving e-commerce; mobile dominates over fixed-line; FttH market is growing; government is the driving force for growth with aims of commercializing 5G services with test licenses; Ho Chi Minh City to become the first smart city in Vietnam with cloud computing infrastructure, big data, data centers, and security-monitoring centers (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "all provincial exchanges are digitalized and connected to Hanoi, Da Nang, and Ho Chi Minh City by fiber-optic cable or microwave radio relay networks; main lines have been increased, and the use of mobile telephones is growing rapidly; fixed-line 4 per 100 and mobile-cellular 141 per 100 (2019)" @@ -1120,10 +1120,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "1,909" + "text": "1,926" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 102, container ship 40, general cargo 1,196, oil tanker 121, other 450 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 116, container ship 41, general cargo 1,193, oil tanker 125, other 451 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1140,7 +1140,8 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN; aka Vietnam People's Army, VPA): Ground Forces, Navy (includes naval infantry), Air Force and Air Defense, Border Defense Force, and Vietnam Coast Guard; Vietnam People's Public Security; Vietnam Civil Defense Force (2021)" + "text": "People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN; aka Vietnam People's Army, VPA): Ground Forces, Navy (includes naval infantry), Air Force and Air Defense, Border Defense Force, and Vietnam Coast Guard; Vietnam People's Public Security Ministry; Vietnam Civil Defense Force (2021)", + "note": "note(s) - the Public Security Ministry is responsible for internal security and controls the national police, a special national security investigative agency, and other internal security units; the Vietnam Coast Guard was established in 1998 as the Vietnam Marine Police and renamed in 2013" }, "Military expenditures": { "Military Expenditures 2020": { @@ -1163,13 +1164,13 @@ "text": "information is limited and estimates of the size of the People’s Army of Vietnam (PAVN) vary; approximately 470,000 active duty troops (400,000 ground; 40,000 naval; 30,000 air); est. 40,000 Border Defense Force and Coast Guard (2020)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { - "text": "the PAVN is armed largely with weapons and equipment from Russia and the former Soviet Union; Russia remains the main supplier of newer PAVN military equipment, although in recent years Vietnam has begun diversifying its procurement with purchases from other countries including Belarus, India, Israel, South Korea, and Ukraine (2020)" + "text": "the PAVN is armed largely with weapons and equipment from Russia and the former Soviet Union; Russia remains the main supplier of newer PAVN military equipment, although in recent years Vietnam has begun diversifying its procurement with purchases from other countries including Belarus, India, Israel, South Korea, and Ukraine; Vietnam has a limited defense industry (2020)" }, "Maritime threats": { "text": "the International Maritime Bureau reports the territorial and offshore waters in the South China Sea as high risk for piracy and armed robbery against ships; numerous commercial vessels have been attacked and hijacked both at anchor and while underway; hijacked vessels are often disguised and cargo diverted to ports in East Asia; the number of reported incidents increased from two in 2019 to four in 2020, primarily near the port of Vung Tau" }, "Military service age and obligation": { - "text": "18-27 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service (females eligible for conscription, but in practice only males are drafted); conscription typically takes place twice annually and service obligation is 2 years (Army, Air Defense) and 3 years (Navy and Air Force) (2019)" + "text": "18-27 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service (females eligible for conscription, but in practice only males are drafted); conscription typically takes place twice annually and service obligation is 2 years (Army, Air Defense) and 3 years (Navy and Air Force) (2020)" }, "Military - note": { "text": "the PAVN is the military arm of the ruling Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV) and responsible to the Central Military Commission (CMC), the highest party organ on military policy; the CMC is led by the CPV General Secretary
as of 2021, Vietnam maintained a security policy of non-alignment, but noted in 2019 that it would consider developing appropriate defense and security relations with other countries depending on circumstances
" @@ -1193,7 +1194,7 @@ } }, "Illicit drugs": { - "text": "transshipment point for transnational criminal organizations (TCOs) trafficking traffic heroin, crystal methamphetamine, and ketamine throughout East Asia and the Pacific; approximately 90% of the illicit drugs in the country originate in Laos, Burma, and Thailand" + "text": "transshipment point for transnational criminal organizations (TCOs) trafficking heroin, crystal methamphetamine, and ketamine throughout East Asia and the Pacific; approximately 90% of the illicit drugs in the country originate in Laos, Burma, and Thailand" } } } \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/europe/al.json b/europe/al.json index 76023227..d38f6dab 100644 --- a/europe/al.json +++ b/europe/al.json @@ -90,14 +90,14 @@ "Irrigated land": { "text": "3,537 sq km (2014)" }, - "Major watersheds (area sq km)": { - "text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: (Black Sea) Danube (795,656 sq km)" - }, "Major lakes (area sq km)": { "Fresh water lake(s)": { "text": "Lake Scutari (shared with Montenegro) - 400 sq kmdespite the growth of Cyprus's telecom sector, the market is dominated by its state-owned operator; one of the highest broadband penetration rates in the region; DSL remains the dominant access platform as broadband is restricted to a few towns; fixed-line and mobile cable infrastructure available for more than half of premises; fiber infrastructure in development; improved regulations provide confidence for investment in network infrastructure and competing services; operator expanded FttP services and initiated cable connection to France and Egypt; operator signed vendor agreement with international investor, Huawei, to develop 5G; operators extended LTE services and upgraded transmission capacity on TE-North Cable System (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "despite the growth of Cyprus's telecom sector, the market is dominated by its state-owned operator; one of the highest broadband penetration rates in the region; DSL remains the dominant access platform as broadband is restricted to a few towns; fixed-line and mobile cable infrastructure available for more than half of premises; fiber infrastructure in development; improved regulations provide confidence for investment in network infrastructure and competing services; operator expanded FttP services and initiated cable connection to France and Egypt; operator signed vendor agreement with international investor, Huawei, to develop 5G; operators extended LTE services and upgraded transmission capacity on TE-North Cable System (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line is 37 per 100, and 144 per 100 for mobile-cellular; open-wire, fiber-optic cable, and microwave radio relay (2019)" @@ -1013,10 +1013,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "326,565" + "text": "332,080 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "26.07 (2019 est.)" + "text": "37.4 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1093,10 +1093,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "1,065" + "text": "1,051" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 286, container ship 197, general cargo 190, oil tanker 49, other 343 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 269, container ship 182, general cargo 197, oil tanker 59, other 344 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/europe/da.json b/europe/da.json index 43c8f80d..2b8ebc22 100644 --- a/europe/da.json +++ b/europe/da.json @@ -287,7 +287,7 @@ "text": "4.01 physicians/1,000 population (2016)" }, "Hospital bed density": { - "text": "2.6 beds/1,000 population (2017)" + "text": "2.6 beds/1,000 population (2019)" }, "Sanitation facility access": { "improved: urban": { @@ -331,24 +331,24 @@ }, "School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": { "total": { - "text": "18 years" - }, - "male": { "text": "19 years" }, + "male": { + "text": "18 years" + }, "female": { - "text": "19 years (2018)" + "text": "19 years (2019)" } }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { "total": { - "text": "10.1%" + "text": "11.6%" }, "male": { - "text": "10.4%" + "text": "12.6%" }, "female": { - "text": "9.7% (2019 est.)" + "text": "10.6% (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -946,23 +946,23 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "1,003,524" + "text": "937,469 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "17.18 (2019 est.)" + "text": "16.19 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "7,243,465" + "text": "7,144,123 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "124.01 (2019 est.)" + "text": "123.3 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "Denmark has one of the highest broadband penetration rates globally, with near universal availability of superfast connections; progressive regulator encouraged upgrades to cable and DSL infrastructure; fast growing fiber networks with aim for nation-wide build-out; comprehensive LTE with 90% coverage of 5G; operator expands NB-IoT across its LTE network; survey underway for cable connecting Denmark to Norway; upgrades to submarine cable connection to North America; importer of broadcasting equipment from EU neighbors (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "Denmark has one of the highest broadband penetration rates globally, with near universal availability of superfast connections; progressive regulator encouraged upgrades to cable and DSL infrastructure; fast growing fiber networks with aim for nation-wide build-out; comprehensive LTE with 90% coverage of 5G; operator expands NB-IoT across its LTE network; survey underway for cable connecting Denmark to Norway; upgrades to submarine cable connection to North America; importer of broadcasting equipment from EU neighbors (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line 17 per 100, 126 per 100 for mobile-cellular (2019)" @@ -988,10 +988,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "2,536,508" + "text": "2,571,736 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "43.42 (2019 est.)" + "text": "44.4 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1073,10 +1073,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "692" + "text": "717" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 1, container ship 148, general cargo 62, oil tanker 87, other 394 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 8, container ship 148, general cargo 68, oil tanker 105, other 388 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/europe/ee.json b/europe/ee.json index d6d91c6f..62b62da2 100644 --- a/europe/ee.json +++ b/europe/ee.json @@ -225,13 +225,13 @@ }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { "total": { - "text": "16.8%" + "text": "18.7%" }, "male": { - "text": "16.8%" + "text": "18.5%" }, "female": { - "text": "16.9% (2019 est.)" + "text": "19.2% (2020 est.)" } } }, diff --git a/europe/ei.json b/europe/ei.json index f1c3c88d..039462cb 100644 --- a/europe/ei.json +++ b/europe/ei.json @@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ "text": "3.31 physicians/1,000 population (2018)" }, "Hospital bed density": { - "text": "3 beds/1,000 population (2017)" + "text": "3 beds/1,000 population (2018)" }, "Sanitation facility access": { "improved: urban": { @@ -317,24 +317,24 @@ }, "School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": { "total": { - "text": "20 years" + "text": "19 years" }, "male": { "text": "19 years" }, "female": { - "text": "20 years (2018)" + "text": "19 years (2019)" } }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { "total": { - "text": "12.5%" + "text": "15.3%" }, "male": { - "text": "14.2%" + "text": "15.3%" }, "female": { - "text": "10.6% (2019 est.)" + "text": "15.3% (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -934,23 +934,23 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "1,766,937" + "text": "1,678,651 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "34.51 (2019 est.)" + "text": "34 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "5,160,309" + "text": "5,234,027 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "100.78 (2019 est.)" + "text": "106 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "infrastructure projects are underway, including the national plan to deliver fiber-based service of at least 150Mb/s nationally by the end of 2022; operators invested in fiber-based networks to deliver a 1Gb/s service to most premises, and on 5G to cover more than half of population; operator test of satellite broadband; Dublin is smart city (2021) (2020)" + "text": "infrastructure projects are underway, including the national plan to deliver fiber-based service of at least 150Mb/s nationally by the end of 2022; operators invested in fiber-based networks to deliver a 1Gb/s service to most premises, and on 5G to cover more than half of population; operator test of satellite broadband; Dublin is a smart city (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "increasing levels of broadband access particularly in urban areas; fixed-line 36 per 100 and mobile-cellular 105 per 100 subscriptions; digital system using cable and microwave radio relay (2019)" @@ -976,10 +976,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "1,462,549" + "text": "1,516,252 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "28.56 (2019 est.)" + "text": "30.71 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1067,10 +1067,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "95" + "text": "96" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 11, general cargo 37, oil tanker 1, other 46 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 12, general cargo 36, oil tanker 1, other 47 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/europe/en.json b/europe/en.json index d69ca1f3..449b1c75 100644 --- a/europe/en.json +++ b/europe/en.json @@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ "text": "4.48 physicians/1,000 population (2018)" }, "Hospital bed density": { - "text": "4.7 beds/1,000 population (2017)" + "text": "4.6 beds/1,000 population (2018)" }, "Sanitation facility access": { "improved: urban": { @@ -340,24 +340,24 @@ }, "School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": { "total": { - "text": "15 years" - }, - "male": { "text": "16 years" }, + "male": { + "text": "15 years" + }, "female": { - "text": "17 years (2018)" + "text": "17 years (2019)" } }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { "total": { - "text": "11.1%" + "text": "17.9%" }, "male": { - "text": "10.5%" + "text": "17.4%" }, "female": { - "text": "11.7% (2019 est.)" + "text": "18.4% (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -967,23 +967,23 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "324,388" + "text": "304,728 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "26.24 (2019 est.)" + "text": "22.97 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "1,951,051" + "text": "1,925,789 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "157.82 (2019 est.)" + "text": "145.2 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "greatly improved telecom service through a range of regulatory measures, competition, and foreign investment, leading to high-quality voice, data, and Internet services; one of the most advanced mobile markets and highest broadband penetration rates in Europe; government commits 20 million euro to rural broadband program; operators supporting LTE infrastructure and launch of smart services; 5G services in major cities; government provides Internet to schools and libraries (2021) (2020)" + "text": "greatly improved telecom service through a range of regulatory measures, competition, and foreign investment, leading to high-quality voice, data, and Internet services; one of the most advanced mobile markets and highest broadband penetration rates in Europe; government commits 20 million euro to rural broadband program; operators supporting LTE infrastructure and launch of smart services; 5G services in major cities; government provides Internet to schools and libraries (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "25 per 100 for fixed-line and 147 per 100 for mobile-cellular; substantial fiber-optic cable systems carry telephone, TV, and radio traffic in the digital mode; Internet services are widely available; schools and libraries are connected to the Internet, a large percentage of the population files income tax returns online, and online voting - in local and parliamentary elections - has climbed steadily since first being introduced in 2005; a large percent of Estonian households have broadband access (2019)" @@ -1009,10 +1009,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "431,251" + "text": "415,610 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "34.88 (2019 est.)" + "text": "31.33 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1098,10 +1098,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "67" + "text": "68" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 2, oil tanker 5, other 60 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 2, oil tanker 4, other 62 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/europe/ez.json b/europe/ez.json index 961ad441..2ea2dd1f 100644 --- a/europe/ez.json +++ b/europe/ez.json @@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ "text": "320 sq km (2012)" }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Danube (shared with Germany [s], Austria, Slovakia, Hungary, Croatia, Serbia, Bulgaria, Ukraine, Moldova, and Romania [m]) - 2,888 km; Elbe river source (shared with Germany [m]) - 1,252 kmCzechia has a sophisticated telecom market with a developed telephone and Internet service attracting European investment; mobile sector showing steady growth through regulatory support for competition; licensees expanding reach of 5G and LTE networks; mobile penetration among the highest in the EU; operators extended fiber to an additional 143 rural zones in 2020 and commit to extending fiber to one million premises by 2027; its top import is broadcasting equipment from China (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "Czechia has a sophisticated telecom market with a developed telephone and Internet service attracting European investment; mobile sector showing steady growth through regulatory support for competition; licensees expanding reach of 5G and LTE networks; mobile penetration among the highest in the EU; operators extended fiber to an additional 143 rural zones in 2020 and commit to extending fiber to one million premises by 2027; its top import is broadcasting equipment from China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "14 per 100 fixed-line and mobile telephone usage increased to 124 per 100 mobile-cellular, the number of cellular telephone subscriptions now greatly exceeds the population (2019)" @@ -999,10 +999,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "3,739,614" + "text": "3,802,644 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "34.98 (2019 est.)" + "text": "35.51 (2020 est.)" } } }, diff --git a/europe/fi.json b/europe/fi.json index 24a6e1aa..347054fc 100644 --- a/europe/fi.json +++ b/europe/fi.json @@ -290,7 +290,7 @@ "text": "3.81 physicians/1,000 population (2016)" }, "Hospital bed density": { - "text": "3.3 beds/1,000 population (2017)" + "text": "3.6 beds/1,000 population (2018)" }, "Sanitation facility access": { "improved: urban": { @@ -335,21 +335,21 @@ "text": "19 years" }, "male": { - "text": "20 years" + "text": "18 years" }, "female": { - "text": "20 years (2018)" + "text": "20 years (2019)" } }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { "total": { - "text": "17.2%" + "text": "21.4%" }, "male": { - "text": "18.7%" + "text": "23.2%" }, "female": { - "text": "15.6% (2019 est.)" + "text": "19.4% (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -954,23 +954,23 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "269,000" + "text": "225,000 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "4.84 (2019 est.)" + "text": "4.06 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "7.15 million" + "text": "7.12 million (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "128.69 (2019 est.)" + "text": "128.5 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "Finland’s telecom market is among most progressive in Europe through favorable regulatory action and competitive technological innovation; orientation towards high technology, research, and development with high investment in information and communication sectors; large proportion of population on 5G and most on LTE; high broadband and mobile penetration; fixed-voice density falling; government provided universal 5Mb/s broadband (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "Finland’s telecom market is among most progressive in Europe through favorable regulatory action and competitive technological innovation; orientation towards high technology, research, and development with high investment in information and communication sectors; large proportion of population on 5G and most on LTE; high broadband and mobile penetration; fixed-voice density falling; government provided universal 5Mb/s broadband (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line 5 per 100 subscription and 129 per 100 mobile-cellular (2019)" @@ -997,10 +997,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "1.797 million" + "text": "1.846 million (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "32.34 (2019 est.)" + "text": "33.32 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1088,10 +1088,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "274" + "text": "272" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 9, container ship 1, general cargo 77, oil tanker 4, other 183 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 9, container ship 1, general cargo 74, oil tanker 4, other 184 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/europe/fo.json b/europe/fo.json index 669d0c2c..94b2a8ee 100644 --- a/europe/fo.json +++ b/europe/fo.json @@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ "text": "2.62 physicians/1,000 population (2016)" }, "Hospital bed density": { - "text": "4.1 beds/1,000 population (2015)" + "text": "4.2 beds/1,000 population (2016)" }, "Sanitation facility access": { "improved: total": { @@ -741,18 +741,18 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "19,137" + "text": "15,341 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "37.29 (2019 est.)" + "text": "31.4 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "59,771" + "text": "59,003 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "116.47 (2019 est.)" + "text": "120.8 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { @@ -783,10 +783,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "18,181" + "text": "18,443 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "36 (2018 est.)" + "text": "37.74 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -829,10 +829,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "100" + "text": "101" }, "by type": { - "text": "container ships 6, general cargo 46, oil tanker 1, other 47 (2020)" + "text": "container ships 6, general cargo 48, oil tanker 1, other 46 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/europe/fr.json b/europe/fr.json index 904e5b67..c07a72bb 100644 --- a/europe/fr.json +++ b/europe/fr.json @@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ } }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Rhine (shared with Switzerland [s], Germany, and Netherlands [m]) - 1,233 km; Loire - 1,012 kmone of the largest mobile phone markets in Europe; LTE has universal coverage with extensive 5G; one of the largest broadband subscriber bases in Europe; regional government and telecom companies have invested in higher bandwidth with fiber infrastructure improvements, an investment of more than 20 billion euros; operator investment in developing markets, and on the greater use of artificial intelligence and data; satellite broadband connectivity across France; Paris adopted smart city technology; importer of broadcast equipment from China (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "one of the largest mobile phone markets in Europe; LTE has universal coverage with extensive 5G; one of the largest broadband subscriber bases in Europe; regional government and telecom companies have invested in higher bandwidth with fiber infrastructure improvements, an investment of more than 20 billion euros; operator investment in developing markets, and on the greater use of artificial intelligence and data; satellite broadband connectivity across France; Paris adopted smart city technology; importer of broadcast equipment from China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "58 per 100 persons for fixed-line and 111 per 100 for mobile-cellular subscriptions (2019)" @@ -1048,10 +1048,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "29.76 million" + "text": "30.627 million (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "44.01 (2019 est.)" + "text": "46.92 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1145,10 +1145,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "545" + "text": "548" }, "by type": { - "text": "container ship 30, general cargo 50, oil tanker 28, other 437 (2020)" + "text": "container ship 29, general cargo 50, oil tanker 28, other 441 (2021)" }, "note": "note: includes Monaco" }, diff --git a/europe/gi.json b/europe/gi.json index a6d2e1c2..f1ed320b 100644 --- a/europe/gi.json +++ b/europe/gi.json @@ -663,23 +663,23 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "16,968" + "text": "16,968 (2019)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "57.71 (2019 est.)" + "text": "50.35 (2019 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "40,537" + "text": "40,537 (2019)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "137.88 (2019 est.)" + "text": "120.3 (2019 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "Gibraltar’s population is urban based, served by a digital telephone exchange supported by a fiber optic and copper infrastructure; near universal mobile and Internet use (2020) (2018)" + "text": "Gibraltar’s population is urban based, served by a digital telephone exchange supported by a fiber optic and copper infrastructure; near universal mobile and Internet use (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "automatic exchange facilities; 50 per 100 fixed-line and 120 per 100 mobile-cellular (2019)" @@ -704,10 +704,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "19,497" + "text": "19,497 (2019)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "66.32 (2019 est.)" + "text": "57.85 (2019 est.)" } } }, @@ -738,10 +738,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "217" + "text": "202" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 8, container ship 24, general cargo 64, oil tanker 21, other 100 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 8, container ship 19, general cargo 55, oil tanker 20, other 100 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/europe/gm.json b/europe/gm.json index 49551abc..1f24499a 100644 --- a/europe/gm.json +++ b/europe/gm.json @@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ } }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Danube (shared with Austria, Slovakia, Czechia, Hungary, Croatia, Serbia, Bulgaria, Romania, Moldova, and Ukraine) - 2,888 km; Elbe (shared with Czechia) - 1,252 km; Rhine (shared with Switzerland, France, and Netherlands) - 1,233 km;" + "text": "Danube river source (shared with Austria, Slovakia, Czechia, Hungary, Croatia, Serbia, Bulgaria, Ukraine, Moldova, and Romania [m]) - 2,888 km; Elbe river mouth (shared with Czechia [s]) - 1,252 km; Rhine (shared with Switzerland [s], France, and Netherlands [m]) - 1,233 kmone of the world's most technologically advanced telecom systems with additional security measures; LTE universally available and 5G service to over 80% of population; mobile market is driven by data, with increased broadband subscribership; regulatory measures aimed at facilitating wholesale network access to provide fiber-based broadband services; government aims to provide smart technology solutions; over 60 cities use smart technology in urban development, many through joint initiative with private sector, utility companies, and universities; importer of broadcast equipment and computers from China (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "one of the world's most technologically advanced telecom systems with additional security measures; LTE universally available and 5G service to over 80% of population; mobile market is driven by data, with increased broadband subscribership; regulatory measures aimed at facilitating wholesale network access to provide fiber-based broadband services; government aims to provide smart technology solutions; over 60 cities use smart technology in urban development, many through joint initiative with private sector, utility companies, and universities; importer of broadcast equipment and computers from China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "extensive system of automatic telephone exchanges connected by modern networks of fiber-optic cable, coaxial cable, microwave radio relay, and a domestic satellite system; cellular telephone service is widely available, expanding rapidly, and includes roaming service to many foreign countries; 48 per 100 for fixed-line and 128 per 100 for mobile-cellular (2019)" @@ -1020,10 +1020,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "35,071,539" + "text": "36,040,739 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "43.71 (2019 est.)" + "text": "25.01 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1116,10 +1116,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "607" + "text": "599" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 1, container ship 84, general cargo 86, oil tanker 37, other 399 (2020)" + "text": "container ship 77, general cargo 85, oil tanker 36, other 401 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/europe/gr.json b/europe/gr.json index 7035c453..1f319942 100644 --- a/europe/gr.json +++ b/europe/gr.json @@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ "text": "5.48 physicians/1,000 population (2017)" }, "Hospital bed density": { - "text": "4.2 beds/1,000 population (2017)" + "text": "4.2 beds/1,000 population (2018)" }, "Sanitation facility access": { "improved: urban": { @@ -344,18 +344,18 @@ "text": "20 years" }, "female": { - "text": "20 years (2018)" + "text": "20 years (2019)" } }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { "total": { - "text": "35.2%" + "text": "35%" }, "male": { - "text": "33.5%" + "text": "31.4%" }, "female": { - "text": "37.2% (2019 est.)" + "text": "39.3% (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -963,23 +963,23 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "4,820,898" + "text": "4,743,310 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "45.32 (2019 est.)" + "text": "45.51 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "11,882,081" + "text": "11,412,995 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "111.69 (2019 est.)" + "text": "109.5 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "telecom market is susceptible to country’s volatile economy, but renewed confidence has been renewed through foreign and European Commission investment; increasing urban population with well-developed mobile market; growing adoption of IoT technology; steady development of broadband; investment in LTE and launch of 5G; government project for ultra-fast broadband, largely funded by European Commission with focus on underserved areas (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "telecom market is susceptible to country’s volatile economy, but renewed confidence has been renewed through foreign and European Commission investment; increasing urban population with well-developed mobile market; growing adoption of IoT technology; steady development of broadband; investment in LTE and launch of 5G; government project for ultra-fast broadband, largely funded by European Commission with focus on underserved areas (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "microwave radio relay trunk system; extensive open-wire connections; submarine cable to offshore islands; 48 per 100 for fixed-line and 114 per 100 for mobile-cellular (2019)" @@ -1005,10 +1005,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "4,149,146" + "text": "4,257,026 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "39 (2019 est.)" + "text": "40.84 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1094,10 +1094,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "1,294" + "text": "1,236" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 165, container ship 6, general cargo 95, oil tanker 379, other 649 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 158, container ship 5, general cargo 89, oil tanker 337, other 647 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1170,10 +1170,10 @@ "stateless persons": { "text": "5,557 (2020)" }, - "note": "note: 1,212,193 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-October 2021); as of the end of December 2020, an estimated 119,700 migrants and refugees were stranded in Greece since 2015-16" + "note": "note: 1,213,204 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-November 2021); as of the end of December 2020, an estimated 119,700 migrants and refugees were stranded in Greece since 2015-16" }, "Illicit drugs": { - "text": "a gateway to Europe for traffickers smuggling cannabis and heroin from the Middle East and Southwest Asia to the West and precursor chemicals to the East; some South American cocaine transits or is consumed in Greece; money laundering related to drug trafficking and organized crime" + "text": "a gateway to Europe for traffickers smuggling cannabis products and heroin from the Middle East and Southwest Asia to the West and precursor chemicals to the East; some South American cocaine transits or is consumed in Greece; money laundering related to drug trafficking and organized crime" } } } \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/europe/hr.json b/europe/hr.json index 5f1ff3cf..11ff2362 100644 --- a/europe/hr.json +++ b/europe/hr.json @@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ "text": "240 sq km (2012)" }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Danube (shared with Germany [s], Austria, Slovakia, Czechia, Hungary, Serbia, Bulgaria, Ukraine, Moldova, and Romania [m]) - 2,888 kmCroatia’s telecom market improved through partnership with the EU in 2013, opening a competitive market in mobile and broadband and conducive regulatory environment; one of the highest mobile penetration rates in the Balkans, covering most remote areas; local lines are digital; international operator investment provides relatively high broadband penetration; tests for 5G technologies in 2020 (2020)
(2020)" + "text": "Croatia’s telecom market improved through partnership with the EU in 2013, opening a competitive market in mobile and broadband and conducive regulatory environment; one of the highest mobile penetration rates in the Balkans, covering most remote areas; local lines are digital; international operator investment provides relatively high broadband penetration; tests for 5G technologies in 2020 (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line teledensity has dropped somewhat to about 32 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions 107 per 100 (2019)" @@ -1031,10 +1031,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "1,154,773" + "text": "1,030,973 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "27.17 (2019 est.)" + "text": "25.11 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1119,10 +1119,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "343" + "text": "354" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 14, general cargo 33, oil tanker 19, other 277 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 14, general cargo 32, oil tanker 16, other 292 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/europe/hu.json b/europe/hu.json index 739ba921..ed5e68cd 100644 --- a/europe/hu.json +++ b/europe/hu.json @@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ } }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Danube (shared with Germany, Austria, Slovakia, Croatia, Serbia, Bulgaria, Romania, Moldova, and Ukraine) - 2,888 km; " + "text": "Danube (shared with Germany [s], Austria, Slovakia, Croatia, Serbia, Bulgaria, Ukraine, Moldova, and Romania [m]) - 2,888 kmsmall but most progressive telecom market in Europe; telecom infrastructure is modern and fully digitized, with satellite-earth stations, fiber-optic cables, and an extensive broadband network; near universal fixed broadband service of at least 100Mb/s by the end of 2021; operator aims for national 5G coverage by end of 2022; good competition among mobile and broadband markets; investment by operators and government in support of NGN, particularly in rural areas; submarine cable to Ireland; importer of broadcasting equipment from Vietnam and China (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "small but most progressive telecom market in Europe; telecom infrastructure is modern and fully digitized, with satellite-earth stations, fiber-optic cables, and an extensive broadband network; near universal fixed broadband service of at least 100Mb/s by the end of 2021; operator aims for national 5G coverage by end of 2022; good competition among mobile and broadband markets; investment by operators and government in support of NGN, particularly in rural areas; submarine cable to Ireland; importer of broadcasting equipment from Vietnam and China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "liberalization of the telecommunications sector beginning in the late 1990s has led to increased competition especially in the mobile services segment of the market; 37 per 100 for fixed line and 122 per 100 for mobile-cellular subscriptions (2019)" @@ -972,10 +972,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "139,241" + "text": "141,816 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "40.1 (2019 est.)" + "text": "41.56 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1043,10 +1043,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "40" + "text": "41" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 5, oil tanker 2, other 33 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 5, oil tanker 2, other 34 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/europe/it.json b/europe/it.json index 341e86f2..5ed0bb27 100644 --- a/europe/it.json +++ b/europe/it.json @@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ "text": "3.98 physicians/1,000 population (2018)" }, "Hospital bed density": { - "text": "3.2 beds/1,000 population (2017)" + "text": "3.1 beds/1,000 population (2018)" }, "Sanitation facility access": { "improved: urban": { @@ -352,18 +352,18 @@ "text": "16 years" }, "female": { - "text": "17 years (2018)" + "text": "17 years (2019)" } }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { "total": { - "text": "29.2%" + "text": "29.4%" }, "male": { - "text": "27.8%" + "text": "27.9%" }, "female": { - "text": "31.2% (2019 est.)" + "text": "31.8% (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -979,23 +979,23 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "19,519,434" + "text": "19,430,559 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "31.35 (2019 est.)" + "text": "32.14 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "79,480,756" + "text": "77,796,840 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "127.64 (2019 est.)" + "text": "128.7 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "well-developed, fully automated telephone, and data services; among highest mobile penetration rates in Europe; benefitted from progressive government programs aimed at developing fiber in broadband sector; leading edge of development with 5G in six cities; fiber network reaches more than half of population; Milan developing smart city technology; importer of broadcasting equipment and computers from China (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "well-developed, fully automated telephone, and data services; among highest mobile penetration rates in Europe; benefitted from progressive government programs aimed at developing fiber in broadband sector; leading edge of development with 5G in six cities; fiber network reaches more than half of population; Milan developing smart city technology; importer of broadcasting equipment and computers from China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "high-capacity cable and microwave radio relay trunks; 32 per 100 for fixed-line and 133 per 100 for mobile-cellular subscriptions (2019)" @@ -1021,10 +1021,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "17,470,489" + "text": "17,855,620 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "28.06 (2019 est.)" + "text": "29.53 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1116,10 +1116,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "1,310" + "text": "1,296" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 42, container ship 7, general cargo 114, oil tanker 107, other 1,040 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 36, container ship 7, general cargo 111, oil tanker 103, other 1,039 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1191,7 +1191,7 @@ "stateless persons": { "text": "3,000 (2020)" }, - "note": "note: 579,651 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-November 2021)" + "note": "note: 584,893 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-November 2021)" }, "Illicit drugs": { "text": "important gateway for drug trafficking; organized crime groups allied with Colombian and Spanish groups trafficking cocaine to Europe" diff --git a/europe/je.json b/europe/je.json index faaf7477..b338eeaa 100644 --- a/europe/je.json +++ b/europe/je.json @@ -665,6 +665,14 @@ "percent of population": { "text": "59.6% (July 2016 est.)" } + }, + "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { + "total": { + "text": "NA" + }, + "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { + "text": "NA" + } } }, "Transportation": { diff --git a/europe/kv.json b/europe/kv.json index 2ffadd12..e01387f1 100644 --- a/europe/kv.json +++ b/europe/kv.json @@ -274,13 +274,13 @@ }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { "total": { - "text": "49.5%" + "text": "49.7%" }, "male": { - "text": "44.2%" + "text": "45.9%" }, "female": { - "text": "60.4% (2019 est.)" + "text": "57.6% (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -851,7 +851,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "EU pre-accession process supported progress in the telecom industry with a regulatory framework, European standards, and a market of new players encouraging development; two operators dominate the sector; under-developed telecom infrastructure leads to low fixed-line penetration; little expansion of fiber networks for broadband; expansion of LTE services (2020)
(2020)" + "text": "EU pre-accession process supported progress in the telecom industry with a regulatory framework, European standards, and a market of new players encouraging development; two operators dominate the sector; under-developed telecom infrastructure leads to low fixed-line penetration; little expansion of fiber networks for broadband; expansion of LTE services (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line stands at 6 per 100 and mobile-cellular 32 per 100 persons (2019)" diff --git a/europe/lg.json b/europe/lg.json index 810fbe44..2dec2216 100644 --- a/europe/lg.json +++ b/europe/lg.json @@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ "text": "3.19 physicians/1,000 population (2017)" }, "Hospital bed density": { - "text": "5.6 beds/1,000 population (2017)" + "text": "5.5 beds/1,000 population (2018)" }, "Sanitation facility access": { "improved: urban": { @@ -352,18 +352,18 @@ "text": "16 years" }, "female": { - "text": "17 years (2018)" + "text": "17 years (2019)" } }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { "total": { - "text": "12.4%" + "text": "14.9%" }, "male": { - "text": "14.2%" + "text": "14.4%" }, "female": { - "text": "10.1% (2019 est.)" + "text": "15.5% (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -970,23 +970,23 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "227,616" + "text": "211,849 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "11.96 (2019 est.)" + "text": "11.23 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "2,071,814" + "text": "2,051,359 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "108.83 (2019 est.)" + "text": "108.8 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "recent efforts focused on bringing competition to the telecommunications sector; the number of fixed-line phones is decreasing as mobile-cellular telephone service expands; EU regulatory policies, and framework provide guidelines for growth; government adopted measures to build a national fiber broadband network, partially funded by European Commission; new competition in mobile markets with extensive LTE-A technologies and 5G service growth; developing sophisticated digital economy with e-commerce and e-government widely available; operator working on cable to Sakhalin in Russia’s Far East (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "recent efforts focused on bringing competition to the telecommunications sector; the number of fixed-line phones is decreasing as mobile-cellular telephone service expands; EU regulatory policies, and framework provide guidelines for growth; government adopted measures to build a national fiber broadband network, partially funded by European Commission; new competition in mobile markets with extensive LTE-A technologies and 5G service growth; developing sophisticated digital economy with e-commerce and e-government widely available; operator working on cable to Sakhalin in Russia’s Far East (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line 12 per 100 and mobile-cellular 109 per 100 subscriptions (2019)" @@ -1012,10 +1012,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "508,894" + "text": "503,804 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "26.73 (2019 est.)" + "text": "26.71 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1103,10 +1103,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "66" + "text": "70" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 16, oil tanker 9, other 41 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 22, oil tanker 9, other 39 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/europe/lh.json b/europe/lh.json index 81eb7929..70d5d58c 100644 --- a/europe/lh.json +++ b/europe/lh.json @@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ "text": "6.35 physicians/1,000 population (2018)" }, "Hospital bed density": { - "text": "6.6 beds/1,000 population (2017)" + "text": "6.4 beds/1,000 population (2018)" }, "Sanitation facility access": { "improved: urban": { @@ -344,24 +344,24 @@ }, "School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": { "total": { - "text": "17 years" + "text": "16 years" }, "male": { "text": "16 years" }, "female": { - "text": "17 years (2018)" + "text": "17 years (2019)" } }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { "total": { - "text": "11.9%" + "text": "19.6%" }, "male": { - "text": "14.1%" + "text": "21.5%" }, "female": { - "text": "9.3% (2019 est.)" + "text": "17.3% (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -976,23 +976,23 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "368,213" + "text": "322,108 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "13.3 (2019 est.)" + "text": "11.83 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "4,658,823" + "text": "4,742,427 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "168.29 (2019 est.)" + "text": "174.2 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "Lithuania’s small telecom market is among the most advanced in Europe, with universal access to LTE, extensive fiber footprint, and tests of 5G; operators focus on data speeds; improved international capability and better residential access; high SIM card penetration; increased demand for high-speed Internet for education, entertainment, and shopping during pandemic supporting growth in revenue through fiber lines; importer of broadcast equipment and video displays from neighboring EU countries (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "Lithuania’s small telecom market is among the most advanced in Europe, with universal access to LTE, extensive fiber footprint, and tests of 5G; operators focus on data speeds; improved international capability and better residential access; high SIM card penetration; increased demand for high-speed Internet for education, entertainment, and shopping during pandemic supporting growth in revenue through fiber lines; importer of broadcast equipment and video displays from neighboring EU countries (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "13 per 100 for fixed-line subscriptions; rapid expansion of mobile-cellular services has resulted in a steady decline in the number of fixed-line connections; mobile-cellular teledensity stands at about 169 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1018,10 +1018,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "791,826" + "text": "796,814 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "28.6 (2019 est.)" + "text": "29.27 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1109,10 +1109,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "61" + "text": "64" }, "by type": { - "text": "container ship 4, general cargo 23, oil tanker 2, other 32 (2020)" + "text": "container ship 4, general cargo 24, oil tanker 2, other 34 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/europe/lo.json b/europe/lo.json index fdda97a8..1be88d6c 100644 --- a/europe/lo.json +++ b/europe/lo.json @@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ "text": "869 sq km (2012)" }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Danube (shared with Germany, Austria, Hungary, Croatia, Serbia, Bulgaria, Romania, Moldova, and Ukraine) - 2,888 km; " + "text": "Danube (shared with Germany [s], Austria, Hungary, Croatia, Serbia, Bulgaria, Ukraine, Moldova, and Romania [m]) - 2,888 kma modern telecom system; one operator has near monopoly of fixed-line market; competition in mobile- and fixed-broadband market; broadband growth in recent years; competition among DSL, cable, and fiber platforms; FttP growth in cities; operator launched 1Gb/s cable broadband service in 3 cities and 200,000 premises in 2019; EU funding for development and improvement of e-government and online services; regulator prepared groundwork for 5G services in 2020 (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "a modern telecom system; one operator has near monopoly of fixed-line market; competition in mobile- and fixed-broadband market; broadband growth in recent years; competition among DSL, cable, and fiber platforms; FttP growth in cities; operator launched 1Gb/s cable broadband service in 3 cities and 200,000 premises in 2019; EU funding for development and improvement of e-government and online services; regulator prepared groundwork for 5G services in 2020 (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "four companies have a license to operate cellular networks and provide nationwide cellular services; a few other companies provide services but do not have their own networks; fixed-line 12 per 100 and mobile-cellular 136 per 100 teledensity (2019)" diff --git a/europe/ls.json b/europe/ls.json index 098647c4..11fb90ce 100644 --- a/europe/ls.json +++ b/europe/ls.json @@ -287,7 +287,7 @@ "text": "16 years" }, "female": { - "text": "14 years (2018)" + "text": "14 years (2019)" } } }, @@ -722,18 +722,18 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "13,727" + "text": "12,723 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "35.34 (2019 est.)" + "text": "33.37 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "47,748" + "text": "48,904 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "122.92 (2019 est.)" + "text": "128.3 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { @@ -764,10 +764,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "17,173" + "text": "18,063 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "44.21 (2019 est.)" + "text": "47.37 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -797,10 +797,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "28" + "text": "20" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 21, general cargo 3, oil tanker 1, other 3 (includes Switzerland) (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 16, general cargo 1, other 3 (includes Switzerland) (2021)" } } }, diff --git a/europe/lu.json b/europe/lu.json index e2248fb2..b4edd69f 100644 --- a/europe/lu.json +++ b/europe/lu.json @@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ "text": "3.01 physicians/1,000 population (2017)" }, "Hospital bed density": { - "text": "4.7 beds/1,000 population (2017)" + "text": "4.3 beds/1,000 population (2019)" }, "Sanitation facility access": { "improved: urban": { @@ -320,18 +320,18 @@ "text": "14 years" }, "female": { - "text": "14 years (2018)" + "text": "14 years (2019)" } }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { "total": { - "text": "17%" + "text": "23.2%" }, "male": { - "text": "17.8%" + "text": "24.8%" }, "female": { - "text": "16% (2019 est.)" + "text": "21.3% (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -931,23 +931,23 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "267,400" + "text": "268,090 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "43.31 (2019 est.)" + "text": "42.83 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "835,900" + "text": "890,000 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "135.39 (2019 est.)" + "text": "142.2 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "small but highly developed telecom system dominated by state-owned operator; gains in fixed-line and drop in mobile/roving sector during 2020 travel restrictions; government-state operator extended 1GB/s service with aims to make Luxembourg the first fully fiber country in Europe; regulator completed auction for 5G spectrum; importer of broadcast equipment from China (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "small but highly developed telecom system dominated by state-owned operator; gains in fixed-line and drop in mobile/roving sector during 2020 travel restrictions; government-state operator extended 1GB/s service with aims to make Luxembourg the first fully fiber country in Europe; regulator completed auction for 5G spectrum; importer of broadcast equipment from China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line teledensity about 43 per 100 persons; nationwide mobile-cellular telephone system with market for mobile-cellular phones virtually saturated with 136 per 100 mobile-cellular (2019)" @@ -973,10 +973,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "230,100" + "text": "235,155 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "37.27 (2019 est.)" + "text": "37.57 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1043,10 +1043,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "150" + "text": "153" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 4, container ship 1, general cargo 21, oil tanker 3, other 121 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 4, container ship 1, general cargo 23, oil tanker 3, other 122 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/europe/md.json b/europe/md.json index 3385c0a3..6ed84514 100644 --- a/europe/md.json +++ b/europe/md.json @@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ "text": "2,283 sq km (2012)" }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Danube (shared with Germany, Austria, Slovakia, Czechia, Hungary, Croatia, Serbia, Bulgaria, Romania, and Ukraine) - 2,888 km; Dniester (shared with Ukraine) - 1,411 km" + "text": "Danube (shared with Germany [s], Austria, Slovakia, Czechia, Hungary, Croatia, Serbia, Bulgaria, Ukraine, and Romania [m]) - 2,888 km; Dniester (shared with Ukraine [s/m]) - 1,411 kmhigh unemployment and economic pressures have reduced consumer spending in telecom market; endeavors to join the EU have promoted regulatory issues in line with EU standards; mobile market extended outside of cities and across most of the country; LTE services available; market is competitive, fiber accounts for 62% of all fixed broadband connections and most telecom revenue is from the mobile market; importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "high unemployment and economic pressures have reduced consumer spending in telecom market; endeavors to join the EU have promoted regulatory issues in line with EU standards; mobile market extended outside of cities and across most of the country; LTE services available; market is competitive, fiber accounts for 62% of all fixed broadband connections and most telecom revenue is from the mobile market; importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "competition among mobile telephone providers has spurred subscriptions; little interest in expanding fixed-line service 27 per 100; mobile-cellular teledensity sits at 89 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -998,10 +998,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "670,530" + "text": "719,001 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "19.74 (2019 est.)" + "text": "17.82 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1083,16 +1083,16 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "127" + "text": "147" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 5, container ship 5, general cargo 84, oil tanker 8, other 25 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 5, container ship 5, general cargo 97, oil tanker 7, other 33 (2021)" } } }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "National Army: Land Forces (Fortele Terestre ale Republicii Moldova, FTRM); Air Forces (Forţele Aeriene ale Republicii Moldova, FARM); Carabinieri Troops (a component of the Ministry of Internal Affairs that also has official status as a service of the Armed Forces during wartime) (2021)" + "text": "National Army: Land Forces (Fortele Terestre ale Republicii Moldova, FTRM); Air Forces (Forţele Aeriene ale Republicii Moldova, FARM); Carabinieri Troops (a component of the Ministry of Internal Affairs that also has official status as a service of the Armed Forces during wartime; it is a quasi-militarized gendarmerie responsible for protecting public buildings, maintaining public order, and other national security functions) (2021)" }, "Military expenditures": { "Military Expenditures 2020": { diff --git a/europe/mj.json b/europe/mj.json index d426e778..6f81a903 100644 --- a/europe/mj.json +++ b/europe/mj.json @@ -361,18 +361,18 @@ "text": "15 years" }, "female": { - "text": "15 years (2019)" + "text": "16 years (2020)" } }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { "total": { - "text": "25.2%" + "text": "36%" }, "male": { - "text": "25.8%" + "text": "33.6%" }, "female": { - "text": "24.3% (2019 est.)" + "text": "39.7% (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -987,23 +987,23 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "188,175" + "text": "191,768 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "30.74 (2019 est.)" + "text": "30.53 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "1,150,998" + "text": "1,080,089 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "188.05 (2019 est.)" + "text": "172 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "a small population, with a compact but modern telecommunications system and access to European satellites; fiber network is dominant platform; mobile penetration is high due to tourism; mobile broadband based on LTE even in rural areas; operators testing 5G in 2021; telecom sector in-line with EU norms provides competition, access, and tariff structures (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "a small population, with a compact but modern telecommunications system and access to European satellites; fiber network is dominant platform; mobile penetration is high due to tourism; mobile broadband based on LTE even in rural areas; operators testing 5G in 2021; telecom sector in-line with EU norms provides competition, access, and tariff structures (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "GSM mobile-cellular service, available through multiple providers with national coverage growing; fixed-line 30 per 100 and mobile-cellular 183 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1029,10 +1029,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "178,781" + "text": "184,176 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "29.21 (2019 est.)" + "text": "29.32 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1100,10 +1100,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "16" + "text": "17" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 4, other 12 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 4, other 13 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1156,7 +1156,7 @@ "stateless persons": { "text": "472 (2020)" }, - "note": "note: 20,416 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-October 2021)" + "note": "note: 20,524 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-November 2021)" }, "Illicit drugs": { "text": "drug trafficking groups are major players in the procurement and transportation of large quantities of cocaine destined for European markets
" diff --git a/europe/mk.json b/europe/mk.json index d3d12b2a..47e56ab5 100644 --- a/europe/mk.json +++ b/europe/mk.json @@ -344,13 +344,13 @@ }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { "total": { - "text": "35.6%" + "text": "37%" }, "male": { - "text": "33.4%" + "text": "35.2%" }, "female": { - "text": "38.9% (2019 est.)" + "text": "40% (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -968,7 +968,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "EU pre-accession process has led to stronger tele-density with a closer regulatory framework and independent regulators; administrative ties with the EU have led to progress; broadband services are widely available; more customers moving to fiber networks; operators investing in LTE; importer of broadcasting equipment from Vietnam and China; MOU for 5G with US (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "EU pre-accession process has led to stronger tele-density with a closer regulatory framework and independent regulators; administrative ties with the EU have led to progress; broadband services are widely available; more customers moving to fiber networks; operators investing in LTE; importer of broadcasting equipment from Vietnam and China; MOU for 5G with US (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line 19 per 100 and mobile-cellular 99 per 100 subscriptions (2019)" diff --git a/europe/mn.json b/europe/mn.json index 3f8e0f15..87e602fd 100644 --- a/europe/mn.json +++ b/europe/mn.json @@ -298,7 +298,7 @@ }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { "total": { - "text": "26.6%" + "text": "26.7%" }, "male": { "text": "25.7%" @@ -724,18 +724,18 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "44,119" + "text": "43,706 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "142.65 (2019 est.)" + "text": "111.4 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "33,783" + "text": "35,485 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "109.23 (2019 est.)" + "text": "90.43 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { @@ -766,10 +766,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "20,476" + "text": "20,877 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "66.2 (2019 est.)" + "text": "53.2 (2020 est.)" } } }, diff --git a/europe/mt.json b/europe/mt.json index 89b871a6..2288c4b7 100644 --- a/europe/mt.json +++ b/europe/mt.json @@ -336,18 +336,18 @@ "text": "16 years" }, "female": { - "text": "17 years (2018)" + "text": "17 years (2019)" } }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { "total": { - "text": "9.1%" + "text": "10.7%" }, "male": { - "text": "10.5%" + "text": "13.1%" }, "female": { - "text": "7.6% (2019 est.)" + "text": "8% (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -956,7 +956,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "blessed with advantageous topography and tech-savvy consumers, Malta has one of the most advanced telecom systems in Europe, with high penetration of mobile and broadband; expansion of e-commerce; government and regulator measures in 2020 reduced consumer prices and allowed extensive FttP network and investment in LTE and fiber thru 2023; operator delivered fiber network to public schools in 2020; launch of 5G network by 2020; submarine cable to France and Egypt in progress (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "blessed with advantageous topography and tech-savvy consumers, Malta has one of the most advanced telecom systems in Europe, with high penetration of mobile and broadband; expansion of e-commerce; government and regulator measures in 2020 reduced consumer prices and allowed extensive FttP network and investment in LTE and fiber thru 2023; operator delivered fiber network to public schools in 2020; launch of 5G network by 2020; submarine cable to France and Egypt in progress (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line 58 per 100 persons and mobile-cellular subscribership 144 per 100 persons; automatic system featuring submarine cable and microwave radio relay between islands (2019)" @@ -1042,10 +1042,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "2,207" + "text": "2,137" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 617, container ship 315, general cargo 240, oil tanker 422, other 613 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 601, container ship 310, general cargo 218, oil tanker 412, other 596 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1099,7 +1099,7 @@ "stateless persons": { "text": "11 (2020)" }, - "note": "note: 7,800 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals by sea (January 2015-November 2021)" + "note": "note: 7,943 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals by sea (January 2015-November 2021)" }, "Illicit drugs": { "text": "minor transshipment point for hashish from North Africa to Western Europe" diff --git a/europe/nl.json b/europe/nl.json index c8fd9624..ee7817ee 100644 --- a/europe/nl.json +++ b/europe/nl.json @@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ "text": "4,860 sq km (2012)" }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Rhine (shared with Switzerland, Germany, and France) - 1,233 km; " + "text": "Rhine river mouth (shared with Switzerland [s], Germany, and France) - 1,233 kmhighly developed and well maintained; Dutch telecom market is gradually migrating to upgraded platforms; operators repurposing their spectrum and physical assets for LTE and 5G; one of the highest fixed broadband penetration rates in the world, with competition between DSL and fiber networks; fixed-line voice market is in decline while VoIP and mobile platforms advance; plans for 3G network shutdown in 2023; operators are concentrating investment on LTE-A and 5G services; operators and banks launch m-payments system; adoption of smart city concepts and technology in major cities; major exporter of broadcasting equipment and computers to Europe, and importer of same from China (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "highly developed and well maintained; Dutch telecom market is gradually migrating to upgraded platforms; operators repurposing their spectrum and physical assets for LTE and 5G; one of the highest fixed broadband penetration rates in the world, with competition between DSL and fiber networks; fixed-line voice market is in decline while VoIP and mobile platforms advance; plans for 3G network shutdown in 2023; operators are concentrating investment on LTE-A and 5G services; operators and banks launch m-payments system; adoption of smart city concepts and technology in major cities; major exporter of broadcasting equipment and computers to Europe, and importer of same from China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "extensive fixed-line, fiber-optic network; large cellular telephone system with five major operators utilizing the third generation of the Global System for Mobile Communications technology; one in five households now use Voice over the Internet Protocol services; fixed-line 33 per 100 and mobile-cellular 127 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1008,10 +1008,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "7.459 million" + "text": "7,525,016 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "43.34 (2019 est.)" + "text": "43.92 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1093,10 +1093,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "1,200" + "text": "1,199" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 10, container ship 45, general cargo 557, oil tanker 23, other 565 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 10, container ship 40, general cargo 559, oil tanker 26, other 564 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/europe/no.json b/europe/no.json index a9092b28..442fb372 100644 --- a/europe/no.json +++ b/europe/no.json @@ -287,7 +287,7 @@ "text": "2.92 physicians/1,000 population (2018)" }, "Hospital bed density": { - "text": "3.6 beds/1,000 population (2017)" + "text": "3.5 beds/1,000 population (2018)" }, "Sanitation facility access": { "improved: urban": { @@ -336,18 +336,18 @@ "text": "18 years" }, "female": { - "text": "19 years (2018)" + "text": "19 years (2019)" } }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { "total": { - "text": "10%" + "text": "11.3%" }, "male": { - "text": "10.4%" + "text": "12.1%" }, "female": { - "text": "9.5% (2019 est.)" + "text": "10.5% (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -948,23 +948,23 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "444,600" + "text": "348,808 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "8.2 (2019 est.)" + "text": "6.43 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "5,775,830" + "text": "5,825,584 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "106.57 (2019 est.)" + "text": "107.5 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "sophisticated telecom market with high broadband and mobile penetration rates and a highly developed digital media sector; synchronized with EC legislation; comprehensive LTE and focus on 5G; broadband penetration among highest in Europe; operators will migrate all DSL subscribers to fiber by 2023 and close 2G and 3G networks by 2025; regulator assigned spectrum for 5G; operator partners with Huawei for smart agriculture project; Oslo utilizes smart city technology; municipalities access EU-funded public Wi-Fi; importer of broadcasting equipment and computers from China (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "sophisticated telecom market with high broadband and mobile penetration rates and a highly developed digital media sector; synchronized with EC legislation; comprehensive LTE and focus on 5G; broadband penetration among highest in Europe; operators will migrate all DSL subscribers to fiber by 2023 and close 2G and 3G networks by 2025; regulator assigned spectrum for 5G; operator partners with Huawei for smart agriculture project; Oslo utilizes smart city technology; municipalities access EU-funded public Wi-Fi; importer of broadcasting equipment and computers from China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "Norway has a domestic satellite system; the prevalence of rural areas encourages the wide use of mobile-cellular systems; fixed-line 11 per 100 and mobile-cellular 107 per 100 (2019)" @@ -990,10 +990,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "2,260,605" + "text": "2,387,661 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "41.71 (2019 est.)" + "text": "44.04 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1066,10 +1066,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "1,619" + "text": "1,644" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 102, general cargo 242, oil tanker 92, other 1,183 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 109, container ship 1, general cargo 242, oil tanker 96, other 1,196 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/europe/pl.json b/europe/pl.json index 4bc7a4a5..290c1f58 100644 --- a/europe/pl.json +++ b/europe/pl.json @@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ } }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Vistula (shared with Belarus and Ukraine) - 1,213 km" + "text": "Vistula river source and mouth (shared with Belarus and Ukraine) - 1,213 kmliberalized telecom market supported by market competition in broadband and mobile sectors ensuring access to cable and fiber infrastructure; rapid extension of LTE networks and development of mobile data service; mobile penetration is above European average; fixed broadband benefits from DSL infrastructure and investment in fiber through EU support; major importer of broadcasting equipment and accessories from Germany (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "liberalized telecom market supported by market competition in broadband and mobile sectors ensuring access to cable and fiber infrastructure; rapid extension of LTE networks and development of mobile data service; mobile penetration is above European average; fixed broadband benefits from DSL infrastructure and investment in fiber through EU support; major importer of broadcasting equipment and accessories from Germany (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "several nation-wide networks provide mobile-cellular service; coverage is generally good; fixed-line 18 per 100 service lags in rural areas, mobile-cellular 138 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1136,10 +1136,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "142" + "text": "143" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 6, oil tanker 7, other 129 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 7, oil tanker 6, other 130 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/europe/po.json b/europe/po.json index ddf75dde..0a631d61 100644 --- a/europe/po.json +++ b/europe/po.json @@ -281,7 +281,7 @@ "text": "5.12 physicians/1,000 population (2017)" }, "Hospital bed density": { - "text": "3.4 beds/1,000 population (2017)" + "text": "3.5 beds/1,000 population (2018)" }, "Sanitation facility access": { "improved: urban": { @@ -343,18 +343,18 @@ "text": "17 years" }, "female": { - "text": "17 years (2018)" + "text": "17 years (2019)" } }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { "total": { - "text": "18.3%" + "text": "22.6%" }, "male": { - "text": "15.5%" + "text": "21%" }, "female": { - "text": "21.4% (2019 est.)" + "text": "24.4% (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -979,7 +979,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "Portugal has a medium-sized telecom market with a strong mobile sector and a growing broadband customer base; mobile market dominated by one operator with room for competition; 3G infrastructure is universal, with investment directed towards provision of 90% LTE coverage in rural areas and 5G technologies; cable sector shifting to fiber, with access to 66% of population; developments in m-commerce; operator assessing installation of submarine cable between islands and mainland; importer of broadcasting equipment from EU (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "Portugal has a medium-sized telecom market with a strong mobile sector and a growing broadband customer base; mobile market dominated by one operator with room for competition; 3G infrastructure is universal, with investment directed towards provision of 90% LTE coverage in rural areas and 5G technologies; cable sector shifting to fiber, with access to 66% of population; developments in m-commerce; operator assessing installation of submarine cable between islands and mainland; importer of broadcasting equipment from EU (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "integrated network of coaxial cables, open-wire, microwave radio relay, and domestic satellite earth stations; fixed-line 50 per 100 persons and mobile-cellular 116 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1099,10 +1099,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "673" + "text": "726" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 74, container ship 255, general cargo 122, oil tanker 23, other 199 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 86, container ship 267, general cargo 137, oil tanker 27, other 209 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/europe/ri.json b/europe/ri.json index ad2d121d..440474b6 100644 --- a/europe/ri.json +++ b/europe/ri.json @@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ "text": "950 sq km (2012)" }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Danube (shared with Germany, Austria, Slovakia, Czechia, Hungary, Croatia, Bulgaria, Romania, Moldova, and Ukraine) - 2,888 km;" + "text": "Danube (shared with Germany [s], Austria, Slovakia, Czechia, Hungary, Croatia, Bulgaria, Ukraine, Moldova, and Romania [m]) - 2,888 kmSerbia's integration with the EU helped regulator reforms and promotion of telecom; EU development loans for broadband to rural areas; pandemic spurred use of mobile data and other services; wireless service is available through multiple providers; national coverage is growing rapidly; best telecom services are centered in urban centers; 4G/LTE mobile network launched; 5G tests ongoing with Ericsson and Huawei (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "Serbia's integration with the EU helped regulator reforms and promotion of telecom; EU development loans for broadband to rural areas; pandemic spurred use of mobile data and other services; wireless service is available through multiple providers; national coverage is growing rapidly; best telecom services are centered in urban centers; 4G/LTE mobile network launched; 5G tests ongoing with Ericsson and Huawei (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line 29 per 100 and mobile-cellular 96 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1171,7 +1171,7 @@ "stateless persons": { "text": "2,144 (includes stateless persons in Kosovo) (2020)" }, - "note": "note: 802,301 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-October 2021); Serbia is predominantly a transit country and hosts an estimated 6,228 migrants and asylum seekers as of September 2021" + "note": "note: 807,137 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-November 2021); Serbia is predominantly a transit country and hosts an estimated 6,228 migrants and asylum seekers as of September 2021" }, "Illicit drugs": { "text": "drug trafficking groups are major players in the procurement and transportation of of large quantities of cocaine destined for European markets
" diff --git a/europe/ro.json b/europe/ro.json index 607776fe..9c6e4338 100644 --- a/europe/ro.json +++ b/europe/ro.json @@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ "text": "31,490 sq km (2012)" }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Danube (shared with Germany, Austria, Slovakia, Czechia, Hungary, Croatia, Serbia, Bulgaria, Moldova, and Ukraine) - 2,888 km;" + "text": "Danube river mouth (shared with Germany [s], Austria, Slovakia, Czechia, Hungary, Croatia, Serbia, Bulgaria, Moldova, and Ukraine) - 2,888 kmRomania’s telecom sector benefits from infrastructure-based competition; domestic and international service improving rapidly, especially mobile-cellular services; fiber sector is one of strongest in Europe; government secured EU funding to extend broadband to rural areas; operators invest in networks’ capacity upgrades; operator testing IoT; importer of broadcasting equipment from EU neighbors (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "Romania’s telecom sector benefits from infrastructure-based competition; domestic and international service improving rapidly, especially mobile-cellular services; fiber sector is one of strongest in Europe; government secured EU funding to extend broadband to rural areas; operators invest in networks’ capacity upgrades; operator testing IoT; importer of broadcasting equipment from EU neighbors (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line teledensity is about 17 telephones per 100 persons; mobile market served by four mobile network operators; mobile-cellular teledensity over 117 telephones per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1111,10 +1111,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "120" + "text": "121" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 11, oil tanker 7, other 102 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 11, oil tanker 6, other 104 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1177,7 +1177,7 @@ "stateless persons": { "text": "275 (2020)" }, - "note": "note: 8,585 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-November 2021)" + "note": "note: 8,699 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-November 2021)" }, "Trafficking in persons": { "current situation": { diff --git a/europe/si.json b/europe/si.json index 2fea5b2f..9b010ffd 100644 --- a/europe/si.json +++ b/europe/si.json @@ -278,7 +278,7 @@ "text": "3.09 physicians/1,000 population (2017)" }, "Hospital bed density": { - "text": "4.5 beds/1,000 population (2017)" + "text": "4.4 beds/1,000 population (2018)" }, "Sanitation facility access": { "improved: urban": { @@ -341,18 +341,18 @@ "text": "17 years" }, "female": { - "text": "18 years (2018)" + "text": "18 years (2019)" } }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { "total": { - "text": "8.1%" + "text": "14.2%" }, "male": { - "text": "7.4%" + "text": "12.7%" }, "female": { - "text": "9.2% (2019 est.)" + "text": "16.2% (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -973,7 +973,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "well-developed telecom infrastructure with sound regulatory intervention; increase in Internet community utilizing e-government, e-commerce, and e-health; government funds to improve broadband to more municipalities; high mobile penetration rate retaining customers with bundled products; extensive reach of 5G; FttP to 90% of premises; importer of broadcasting equipment from neighboring Central Europe (2021) (2020)" + "text": "well-developed telecom infrastructure with sound regulatory intervention; increase in Internet community utilizing e-government, e-commerce, and e-health; government funds to improve broadband to more municipalities; high mobile penetration rate retaining customers with bundled products; extensive reach of 5G; FttP to 90% of premises; importer of broadcasting equipment from neighboring Central Europe (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line 34 per 100 and mobile-cellular 121 per 100 teledensity (2019)" @@ -1084,7 +1084,7 @@ "text": "9" }, "by type": { - "text": "other 9 (2020)" + "text": "other 9 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/europe/sm.json b/europe/sm.json index 246a3a25..803a711a 100644 --- a/europe/sm.json +++ b/europe/sm.json @@ -287,13 +287,13 @@ }, "School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": { "total": { - "text": "16 years" + "text": "12 years" }, "male": { - "text": "15 years" + "text": "13 years" }, "female": { - "text": "16 years (2012)" + "text": "12 years (2020)" } }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { diff --git a/europe/sp.json b/europe/sp.json index c4e8be67..f897d0c9 100644 --- a/europe/sp.json +++ b/europe/sp.json @@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ "text": "38,000 sq km (2012)" }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Tagus (shared with Portugal) - 1,006;" + "text": "Tagus river source (shared with Portugal [m]) - 1,006well-developed and one of the largest telecom markets in Europe, with average mobile penetration for Europe; regulator has championed competition; LTE is nearly universal with shifts of service to 5G; operator joined government smart cities project; fixed-line broadband is backed by investment in fiber infrastructure; fiber broadband accounts for most of all fixed-line broadband connections; Chinese company Huawei contributes investment to the telecom sector; increased connectivity through submarine cable connection to Brazil; importer of broadcasting equipment from Europe (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "well-developed and one of the largest telecom markets in Europe, with average mobile penetration for Europe; regulator has championed competition; LTE is nearly universal with shifts of service to 5G; operator joined government smart cities project; fixed-line broadband is backed by investment in fiber infrastructure; fiber broadband accounts for most of all fixed-line broadband connections; Chinese company Huawei contributes investment to the telecom sector; increased connectivity through submarine cable connection to Brazil; importer of broadcasting equipment from Europe (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line 42 per 100 and mobile-cellular 118 telephones per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1124,10 +1124,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "474" + "text": "478" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 1, general cargo 36, oil tanker 25, other 412 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 1, general cargo 36, oil tanker 24, other 417 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1200,7 +1200,7 @@ "stateless persons": { "text": "5,914 (2020)" }, - "note": "note: 194,127 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-November 2021)" + "note": "note: 194,932 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-November 2021)" }, "Illicit drugs": { "text": "primary transit point in Europe for cocaine from South America and for hashish from Morocco; cocaine is shipped in raw or liquid form with mixed cargo to avoid detection; traffickers ship methamphetamine via express mail; increasing number of indoor cannabis grow operations; illegal labs cutting, mixing, and reconstituting cocaine, and heroin and methamphetamine labs; synthetic drugs, including ketamine and MDMA (ecstasy) transit from Spain to the United States" diff --git a/europe/sw.json b/europe/sw.json index e23f57f9..8c4d8333 100644 --- a/europe/sw.json +++ b/europe/sw.json @@ -290,7 +290,7 @@ "text": "3.98 physicians/1,000 population (2016)" }, "Hospital bed density": { - "text": "2.2 beds/1,000 population (2017)" + "text": "2.1 beds/1,000 population (2018)" }, "Sanitation facility access": { "improved: urban": { @@ -332,24 +332,24 @@ }, "School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": { "total": { - "text": "20 years" - }, - "male": { "text": "19 years" }, + "male": { + "text": "18 years" + }, "female": { - "text": "21 years (2018)" + "text": "21 years (2019)" } }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { "total": { - "text": "20.1%" + "text": "24%" }, "male": { - "text": "20.5%" + "text": "25%" }, "female": { - "text": "19.7% (2019 est.)" + "text": "22.8% (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -966,7 +966,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "Sweden’s telecom market includes mature mobile and broadband sectors stimulated by investment of the main operators in new technologies; one of the best developed LTE infrastructures in the region; ranked among leading countries for fixed-line, mobile-cellular, Internet, and broadband penetration; best developed LTE infrastructure in the region; government promotes national broadband strategy to increase connectivity (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "Sweden’s telecom market includes mature mobile and broadband sectors stimulated by investment of the main operators in new technologies; one of the best developed LTE infrastructures in the region; ranked among leading countries for fixed-line, mobile-cellular, Internet, and broadband penetration; best developed LTE infrastructure in the region; government promotes national broadband strategy to increase connectivity (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line 19 per 100 and mobile-cellular 126 per 100; coaxial and multiconductor cables carry most of the voice traffic; parallel microwave radio relay systems carry some additional telephone channels (2019)" @@ -1081,10 +1081,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "368" + "text": "370" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 49, oil tanker 20, other 299 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 49, oil tanker 22, other 299 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/europe/sz.json b/europe/sz.json index 496e7bf2..e3cc7591 100644 --- a/europe/sz.json +++ b/europe/sz.json @@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ } }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Rhine (shared with Germany, France, and Netherlands) - 1,233 km; " + "text": "Rhine river source (shared with Germany, France, and Netherlands [m]) - 1,233 kmUK’s telecom market remains one of the largest in Europe, characterized by competition, affordable pricing, and its technologically advanced systems; mobile penetration above the EU average; government to invest in infrastructure and 5G technologies with ambition for a fully-fibered nation by 2033; operators expanded the reach of 5G services in 2020; super-fast broadband available to about 95% of customers; London is developing smart city technology, in collaboration with private, tech, and academic sectors; legislation banned Chinese company Huawei from UK 5G networks following advisement from the National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC); importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "UK’s telecom market remains one of the largest in Europe, characterized by competition, affordable pricing, and its technologically advanced systems; mobile penetration above the EU average; government to invest in infrastructure and 5G technologies with ambition for a fully-fibered nation by 2033; operators expanded the reach of 5G services in 2020; super-fast broadband available to about 95% of customers; London is developing smart city technology, in collaboration with private, tech, and academic sectors; legislation banned Chinese company Huawei from UK 5G networks following advisement from the National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC); importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "equal mix of buried cables, microwave radio relay, and fiber-optic systems; fixed-line 48 per 100 and mobile-cellular 118 per 100 (2019)" @@ -1097,10 +1097,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "1,304" + "text": "1,249" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 147, container ship 59, general cargo 116, oil tanker 99, other 883 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 140, container ship 59, general cargo 109, oil tanker 84, other 857 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/europe/up.json b/europe/up.json index 26b72f3d..ab02679e 100644 --- a/europe/up.json +++ b/europe/up.json @@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ "text": "21,670 sq km (2012)" }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Danube (shared with Germany, Austria, Slovakia, Czechia, Hungary, Croatia, Serbia, Bulgaria, Romania, and Moldova) - 2,888 km; Dnieper (shared with Russia and Belarus) - 2,287 km; Don (shared with Russia) - 1,870 km; Dniester (shared with Moldova) - 1,411 km; Vistula (shared with Poland and Belarus) - 1,213 km" + "text": "Danube (shared with Germany [s], Austria, Slovakia, Czechia, Hungary, Croatia, Serbia, Bulgaria, Moldova, and Romania [m]) - 2,888 km; Dnieper river mouth (shared with Russia [s] and Belarus) - 2,287 km; Dniester river source and mouth (shared with Moldova) - 1,411 km; Vistula (shared with Poland [s/m] and Belarus) - 1,213 kmUkraine’s telecom market continues to face challenges resulting from the annexation of Crimea by Russia and unrest in eastern regions; developing telecom market has attracted international investors from Russia, Turkey, and Azerbaijan; government plan emphasizes improvement of domestic trunk lines, international connections, and a national mobile-cellular system; operators moving from 3G services to 4G, but some areas still use 2G; LTE services available in cities; FttP networks taking over DSL platforms; government approved plan in 2020 for 5G migration and operator is developing IoT capabilities; improvement of licensing requirements for operators and positive reforms for users; importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "Ukraine’s telecom market continues to face challenges resulting from the annexation of Crimea by Russia and unrest in eastern regions; developing telecom market has attracted international investors from Russia, Turkey, and Azerbaijan; government plan emphasizes improvement of domestic trunk lines, international connections, and a national mobile-cellular system; operators moving from 3G services to 4G, but some areas still use 2G; LTE services available in cities; FttP networks taking over DSL platforms; government approved plan in 2020 for 5G migration and operator is developing IoT capabilities; improvement of licensing requirements for operators and positive reforms for users; importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line teledensity is 10 per 100; the mobile-cellular telephone system's expansion has slowed, largely due to saturation of the market that is now 131 mobile phones per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1123,7 +1123,7 @@ "text": "409" }, "by type": { - "text": "container ship 1, general cargo 85, oil tanker 15, other 308 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 1, container ship 1, general cargo 84, oil tanker 15, other 308 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1160,7 +1160,7 @@ "text": "information varies; approximately 200,000 active troops (150,000 Army, including Airborne/Air Assault Forces; 12,000 Navy; 40,000 Air Force); approximately 50,000 National Guard (2021)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { - "text": "the Ukrainian military is equipped mostly with older Russian and Soviet-era weapons systems; since 2010, it has imported limited quantities of weapons from several European countries, as well as Canada, the US, and the United Arab Emirates; Ukraine has a broad defense industry capable of building Soviet-era land systems and maintaining and upgrading Soviet-era combat aircraft, as well as missile and air defense systems (2020)" + "text": "the Ukrainian military is equipped mostly with older Russian and Soviet-era weapons systems; since 2010, it has imported limited quantities of weapons from several European countries, as well as Canada, the US, and the United Arab Emirates; Ukraine has a broad defense industry capable of building Soviet-era land systems and maintaining and upgrading Soviet-era combat aircraft, as well as missile and air defense systems (2021)" }, "Military deployments": { "text": "250 Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO) (2021)", @@ -1186,7 +1186,7 @@ } }, "Illicit drugs": { - "text": "a transit country for illicit drug trafficking into the European Union due to its location amidst several important trafficking routes into western Europe, ports on the Black and Azov seas, extensive river routes, and porous northern and eastern borders; South American cocaine moves through Ukrainian seaports and airports; secret amphetamine and methamphetamine laboratories supply the local market
" + "text": "a transit country for illicit drug trafficking into the European Union due to its location amidst several important trafficking routes into western Europe, ports on the Black and Azov seas, extensive river routes, and porous northern and eastern borders; South American cocaine moves through Ukrainian seaports and airports; amphetamine and methamphetamine laboratories supply the local market
" } } } \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/europe/vt.json b/europe/vt.json index 68889f56..81b1c964 100644 --- a/europe/vt.json +++ b/europe/vt.json @@ -460,6 +460,22 @@ } }, "Communications": { + "Telephones - fixed lines": { + "total subscriptions": { + "text": "NA" + }, + "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { + "text": "NA" + } + }, + "Telephones - mobile cellular": { + "total subscriptions": { + "text": "NA" + }, + "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { + "text": "NA" + } + }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { "text": "automatic digital exchange (2018)" diff --git a/middle-east/ae.json b/middle-east/ae.json index b6a5256d..7ae53637 100644 --- a/middle-east/ae.json +++ b/middle-east/ae.json @@ -318,13 +318,13 @@ }, "School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": { "total": { - "text": "14 years" + "text": "16 years" }, "male": { - "text": "14 years" + "text": "15 years" }, "female": { - "text": "15 years (2017)" + "text": "17 years (2020)" } }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { @@ -1064,10 +1064,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "640" + "text": "623" }, "by type": { - "text": "container ship 3, general cargo 120, oil tanker 19, other 498 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 1, container ship 3, general cargo 117, oil tanker 19, other 483 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1107,7 +1107,7 @@ "text": "the United Arab Emirates Armed Forces have approximately 65,000 total active personnel (45,000 Land Forces; 3,000 Navy; 5,000 Air Force; 12,000 Presidential Guard) (2021)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { - "text": "the UAE Armed Forces inventory is comprised of wide variety of mostly modern imported equipment; since 2010, the UAE has acquired military equipment from more than 20 countries with the US as the leading supplier by far, followed by France and Russia (2020)" + "text": "the UAE Armed Forces inventory is comprised of wide variety of mostly modern imported equipment; since 2010, the UAE has acquired military equipment from more than 20 countries with the US as the leading supplier, followed by France and Russia; in recent years, the UAE has tried to boost its domestic defense industry (2020)" }, "Military deployments": { "text": "estimates vary; reportedly a few hundred remain in Yemen (2021)" diff --git a/middle-east/aj.json b/middle-east/aj.json index fffaf6f5..63151b07 100644 --- a/middle-east/aj.json +++ b/middle-east/aj.json @@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ } }, "Population distribution": { - "text": "highest population density is found in the far eastern area of the county, in and around Baku; apart from smaller urbanized areas, the rest of the country has a fairly light and evenly distributed population" + "text": "highest population density is found in the far eastern area of the country, in and around Baku; apart from smaller urbanized areas, the rest of the country has a fairly light and evenly distributed population" }, "Natural hazards": { "text": "droughts" @@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ "note": "note: Russian is widely spoken" }, "Religions": { - "text": "Muslim 96.9% (predominantly Shia), Christian 3%, other <0.1, unaffiliated <0.1 (2010 est.)", + "text": "Muslim 97.3% (predominantly Shia), Christian 2.6%, other <0.1, unaffiliated <0.1 (2020 est.)", "note": "note: religious affiliation for the majority of Azerbaijanis is largely nominal, percentages for actual practicing adherents are probably much lower" }, "Age structure": { @@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ "text": "0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2021 est.)" }, "Population distribution": { - "text": "highest population density is found in the far eastern area of the county, in and around Baku; apart from smaller urbanized areas, the rest of the country has a fairly light and evenly distributed population" + "text": "highest population density is found in the far eastern area of the country, in and around Baku; apart from smaller urbanized areas, the rest of the country has a fairly light and evenly distributed population" }, "Urbanization": { "urban population": { @@ -345,7 +345,7 @@ "text": "13 years" }, "female": { - "text": "14 years (2019)" + "text": "14 years (2020)" } }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { @@ -1080,10 +1080,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "303" + "text": "305" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 38, oil tanker 45, other 220 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 38, oil tanker 43, other 224 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1126,7 +1126,7 @@ "text": "18-35 years of age for compulsory military service; service obligation 18 months or 12 months for university graduates; 17 years of age for voluntary service; 17 year olds are considered to be on active service at cadet military schools (2020)" }, "Military - note": { - "text": "since November 2020, Russia has deployed about 2,000 peacekeeping troops to the area in and around Nagorno-Karabakh as part of a cease-fire agreement between Armenia and Azerbaijan; fighting erupted between the two countries over the Nagorno-Karabakh region in September of 2020; Nagorno-Karabakh lies within Azerbaijan but has been under control of ethnic Armenian forces (the \"Nagorno-Karabakh Defense Army\") backed by Armenia since a separatist war there ended in 1994; six weeks of fighting resulted in about 6,000 deaths and ended after Armenia ceded swathes of Nagorno-Karabakh territory; tensions remained high through 2021, and Armenia has accused Azerbaijani forces of a series of border intrusions and of seizing pockets of territory including along a lake shared by the two countries since the fighting ended" + "text": "since November 2020, Russia has deployed about 2,000 peacekeeping troops to the area in and around Nagorno-Karabakh as part of a cease-fire agreement between Armenia and Azerbaijan; fighting erupted between the two countries over the Nagorno-Karabakh region in September of 2020; Nagorno-Karabakh lies within Azerbaijan but has been under control of ethnic Armenian forces (the \"Nagorno-Karabakh Defense Army\") backed by Armenia since a separatist war there ended in 1994; six weeks of fighting resulted in about 6,000 deaths and ended after Armenia ceded swathes of Nagorno-Karabakh territory; tensions remained high through 2021, and both sides have accused the other of provocations since the fighting ended; Armenia has accused Azerbaijani forces of a series of border intrusions and of seizing pockets of territory" } }, "Terrorism": { diff --git a/middle-east/am.json b/middle-east/am.json index f5ac7880..ef3d1688 100644 --- a/middle-east/am.json +++ b/middle-east/am.json @@ -340,7 +340,7 @@ "text": "13 years" }, "female": { - "text": "14 years (2019)" + "text": "14 years (2020)" } }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { @@ -1092,7 +1092,7 @@ "text": "18-27 years of age for voluntary or compulsory military service; 2-year conscript service obligation, which can be served as an officer upon deferment for university studies if enrolled in officer-producing program; 17 year olds are eligible to become cadets at military higher education institutes, where they are classified as military personnel (2019)" }, "Military - note": { - "text": "since November 2020, Russia has deployed about 2,000 peacekeeping troops to the area in and around Nagorno-Karabakh as part of a cease-fire agreement between Armenia and Azerbaijan; fighting erupted between the two countries over the Nagorno-Karabakh region in September of 2020; Nagorno-Karabakh lies within Azerbaijan but has been under control of ethnic Armenian forces (the \"Nagorno-Karabakh Defense Army\") backed by Armenia since a separatist war there ended in 1994; six weeks of fighting resulted in about 6,000 deaths and ended after Armenia ceded swathes of Nagorno-Karabakh territory; tensions remain high, and Armenia has accused Azerbaijani forces of a series of border intrusions and of seizing pockets of territory including along a lake shared by the two countries since the fighting endeddespite economic challenges, the telecom market is one of Georgia's fastest growth sectors; LTE services cover the majority of citizens; regulators have strategy to introduce 5G; fixed-line telecommunications network has limited coverage outside Tbilisi; multiple mobile-cellular providers provide services to an increasing subscribership throughout the country; broadband subscribers steadily increasing; with investment in infrastructure, customers are moving from copper to fiber networks (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "despite economic challenges, the telecom market is one of Georgia's fastest growth sectors; LTE services cover the majority of citizens; regulators have strategy to introduce 5G; fixed-line telecommunications network has limited coverage outside Tbilisi; multiple mobile-cellular providers provide services to an increasing subscribership throughout the country; broadband subscribers steadily increasing; with investment in infrastructure, customers are moving from copper to fiber networks (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line 13 per 100, cellular telephone networks cover the entire country; mobile-cellular teledensity roughly 135 per 100 persons; intercity facilities include a fiber-optic line between T'bilisi and K'ut'aisi (2019)" @@ -988,10 +988,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "941,509" + "text": "997,785 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "19.11 (2019 est.)" + "text": "25.01 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1076,10 +1076,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "81" + "text": "25" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 2, general cargo 22, oil tanker 2, other 55 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 2, general cargo 3, other 20 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/middle-east/gz.json b/middle-east/gz.json index c8003feb..55179459 100644 --- a/middle-east/gz.json +++ b/middle-east/gz.json @@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ "text": "2.77 physicians/1,000 population (2018)" }, "Hospital bed density": { - "text": "1.3 beds/1,000 population (2018)" + "text": "1.3 beds/1,000 population (2019)" }, "Sanitation facility access": { "improved: urban": { @@ -310,22 +310,22 @@ "text": "13 years" }, "male": { - "text": "13 years" + "text": "12 years" }, "female": { - "text": "14 years (2013)" + "text": "14 years (2020)" }, "note": "note: data represent Gaza Strip and the West Bank" }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { "total": { - "text": "40.2%" + "text": "42.1%" }, "male": { - "text": "34.8%" + "text": "36.6%" }, "female": { - "text": "67.2% (2019 est.)" + "text": "70% (2020 est.)" }, "note": "note: includes the West Bank" } @@ -691,6 +691,9 @@ }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the military wing of HAMAS is armed with light weapons, including an inventory of improvised rocket, anti-tank missile, and mortar capabilities; HAMAS acquires its weapons through smuggling or local construction; Iran provides military support to HAMAS (2020)" + }, + "Military - note": { + "text": "since seizing control of the Gaza Strip in 2007, HAMAS has claimed responsibility for numerous rocket attacks into Israel and organized protests at the border between Gaza and Israel, resulting in violent clashes, casualties, and reprisal military actions by the Israel Defense Forces (IDF); HAMAS and Israel fought an 11-day conflict in May of 2021, which ended in an informal truce; sporadic clashes continued through 2021, including incendiary balloon attacks from Gaza and retaliatory IDF strikes; Palestine Islamic Jihad (PIJ) has conducted numerous attacks on Israel since the 1980s, including a barrage of mortar and rocket strikes in 2020, also prompting IDF counter-strikes; see Appendix-T for more details on HAMAS and PIJ
" } }, "Terrorism": { diff --git a/middle-east/ir.json b/middle-east/ir.json index 0b0dda2f..5b6ac5d3 100644 --- a/middle-east/ir.json +++ b/middle-east/ir.json @@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ } }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Euphrates (shared with Turkey [s], Syria, and Iraq [m]) - 3,596 km; Tigris (shared with Turkey, Syria, and Iraq [m]) - 1,950 km; Helmand (shared with Afghanistan [s]) - 1,130 kmIsrael has a highly developed economy with focus on technology products; investment in cyber-security industry and hub for start-ups; near universal broadband delivery to households and mobile penetration; LTE coverage, expanded fiber network with plans for 5G; emergency law allows mobile tracking; importer of broadcast equipment, integrated circuits, and computers from China; submarine cable connectivity to Europe (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "Israel has a highly developed economy with focus on technology products; investment in cyber-security industry and hub for start-ups; near universal broadband delivery to households and mobile penetration; LTE coverage, expanded fiber network with plans for 5G; emergency law allows mobile tracking; importer of broadcast equipment, integrated circuits, and computers from China; submarine cable connectivity to Europe (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "good system of coaxial cable and microwave radio relay; all systems are digital; competition among both fixed-line and mobile cellular providers results in good coverage countrywide; fixed-line 36 per 100 and 127 per 100 for mobile-cellular subscriptions (2019)" @@ -1028,10 +1028,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "2.481 million" + "text": "2,602,079 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "29.08 (2019 est.)" + "text": "30.06 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1116,7 +1116,7 @@ "text": "41" }, "by type": { - "text": "container ship 6, general cargo 3, oil tanker 3, other 29 (2020)" + "text": "container ship 6, general cargo 2, oil tanker 4, other 29 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/middle-east/iz.json b/middle-east/iz.json index d570a911..18eb242a 100644 --- a/middle-east/iz.json +++ b/middle-east/iz.json @@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ } }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Euphrates river mouth (shared with Turkey[s], Syria, and Iran) - 3,596 km; Tigris river mouth (shared with Turkey[s], Syria, and Iran) - 1,950 km; the Tigris and Euphrates join to form the Shatt al Arabthe 2003 liberation of Iraq severely disrupted telecommunications throughout the country; widespread government efforts to rebuild domestic and international communications have slowed due to political unrest; recent efforts create stability and developments in 4G and 5G technologies; operators focus on installations of new fiber-optic cables and growth in mobile broadband subscribers; the most popular plans are pre-paid; operators focused on fixing and replacing networks (2020)
(2020)" + "text": "the 2003 liberation of Iraq severely disrupted telecommunications throughout the country; widespread government efforts to rebuild domestic and international communications have slowed due to political unrest; recent efforts create stability and developments in 4G and 5G technologies; operators focus on installations of new fiber-optic cables and growth in mobile broadband subscribers; the most popular plans are pre-paid; operators focused on fixing and replacing networks (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "the mobile cellular market continues to expand; 3G services offered by three major mobile operators; 4G offered by one operator in Iraqi; conflict has destroyed infrastructure in areas; 7 per 100 for fixed-line and 95 per 100 for mobile-cellular subscriptions (2019)" @@ -1019,10 +1019,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "4,559,053" + "text": "5,453,799 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "12 (2019 est.)" + "text": "13.56 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1119,7 +1119,7 @@ "text": "68" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 1, oil tanker 6, other 61 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 1, oil tanker 6, other 61 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1130,7 +1130,7 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "Ministry of Defense: Iraqi Army, Army Aviation Command, Iraqi Navy, Iraqi Air Force, Iraqi Air Defense Command, Special Forces CommandMinistry of Pershmerga (Kurdistan Regional Government): Regional Guard Brigades, Unit (or Division) 70 Forces, Unit (or Division) 80 Forces, special operations/counter-terrorism forces (Counter Terrorism Group, CTG and Counter Terrorism Directorate, CTD); note - Unit 70 and the CTG are associated with the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan (PUK) political party, while Unit 80 and the CTD are associated with the Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP); Ministry of Interior: Zeravani and Emergency Response Forces (paramilitary internal security forces)
Popular Mobilization Commission and Affiliated Forces (PMC or PMF); a collection of approximately 60 militias of widely varied sizes and political interests (2021)" + "text": "Ministry of Defense: Iraqi Army, Army Aviation Command, Iraqi Navy, Iraqi Air Force, Iraqi Air Defense Command, Special Forces Command, Special Security Division (Green Zone protection)Ministry of Pershmerga (Kurdistan Regional Government): Regional Guard Brigades, Unit (or Division) 70 Forces, Unit (or Division) 80 Forces, special operations/counter-terrorism forces (Counter Terrorism Group, CTG and Counter Terrorism Directorate, CTD); note - Unit 70 and the CTG are associated with the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan (PUK) political party, while Unit 80 and the CTD are associated with the Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP); Ministry of Interior: Zeravani and Emergency Response Forces (paramilitary internal security forces)
Popular Mobilization Committee (PMC): Popular Mobilization Forces (PMF), Tribal Mobilization Forces (TMF); the PMF and TMF are a collection of approximately 60 militias of widely varied sizes and political interests (2021)" }, "Military expenditures": { "Military Expenditures 2020": { @@ -1174,7 +1174,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "15,169 (Turkey), 7,868 (West Bank and Gaza Strip), 5,061 (Iran) (2020); 248,721 (Syria) (2021)" + "text": "15,169 (Turkey), 7,868 (West Bank and Gaza Strip), 5,061 (Iran) (2020); 250,419 (Syria) (2021)" }, "IDPs": { "text": "1,198,940 (displacement in central and northern Iraq since January 2014) (2021)" diff --git a/middle-east/jo.json b/middle-east/jo.json index af482671..30fcf6bf 100644 --- a/middle-east/jo.json +++ b/middle-east/jo.json @@ -351,10 +351,10 @@ "text": "11 years" }, "male": { - "text": "11 years" + "text": "10 years" }, "female": { - "text": "11 years (2012)" + "text": "11 years (2020)" } }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { @@ -508,7 +508,7 @@ "text": "UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)" }, "daylight saving time": { - "text": "+1hr, begins last Friday in March; ends last Friday in October" + "text": "+1hr, begins last Friday in February; ends last Friday in October" }, "etymology": { "text": "in the 13th century B.C., the Ammonites named their main city \"Rabbath Ammon\"; \"rabbath\" designated \"capital,\" so the name meant \"The Capital of [the] Ammon[ites]\"; over time, the \"Rabbath\" came to be dropped and the city became known simply as \"Ammon\" and then \"Amman\"" @@ -970,23 +970,23 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "355,537" + "text": "391,486 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "3.33 (2019 est.)" + "text": "3.84 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "7,778,770" + "text": "6,987,891 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "72.91 (2019 est.)" + "text": "68.49 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "Jordan is host to a growing number of ICT companies and has emerged as a technology start-up hub for the Middle East; recently focused on telecom solutions to pandemic issues such as e-health and education; progress in the digital financial services; economic goals rely on digital economy, developed mobile sector, and extensive LTE infrastructure; preparation for 5G and e-commerce; importer of broadcasting equipment from Vietnam and China (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "Jordan is host to a growing number of ICT companies and has emerged as a technology start-up hub for the Middle East; recently focused on telecom solutions to pandemic issues such as e-health and education; progress in the digital financial services; economic goals rely on digital economy, developed mobile sector, and extensive LTE infrastructure; preparation for 5G and e-commerce; importer of broadcasting equipment from Vietnam and China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "1995 a telecommunications law opened all non-fixed-line services to private competition; in 2005, the monopoly over fixed-line services terminated and the entire telecommunications sector was opened to competition; currently fixed-line 4 per 100 persons and multiple mobile-cellular providers with subscribership up to 77 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1012,10 +1012,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "457,496" + "text": "625,657 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "4.29 (2019 est.)" + "text": "6.13 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1094,7 +1094,7 @@ "text": "35" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 7, oil tanker 1, other 27 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 6, oil tanker 1, other 28 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1125,7 +1125,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "the Jordanian Armed Forces (JAF) have approximately 90,000 active personnel (77,000 Army; 500 Navy; 12,500 Air Force); est. 15,000 Gendarmerie Forces (2021)" + "text": "approximately 90,000 active JAF personnel (77,000 Army; 500 Navy; 12,500 Air Force); approximately 15,000 Gendarmerie Forces (2021)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the JAF inventory is comprised of a wide mix of imported weapons, mostly second-hand equipment from Europe, the Gulf States, and the US; since 2010, the Netherlands and the US are the leading suppliers of military hardware to Jordan (2020)" diff --git a/middle-east/ku.json b/middle-east/ku.json index 37262729..695f2bf5 100644 --- a/middle-east/ku.json +++ b/middle-east/ku.json @@ -315,7 +315,7 @@ "text": "15 years" }, "male": { - "text": "14 years" + "text": "13 years" }, "female": { "text": "16 years (2015)" @@ -906,23 +906,23 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "583,463" + "text": "583,463 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "19.73 (2019 est.)" + "text": "13.66 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "7,327,028" + "text": "6,770,346 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "247.76 (2019 est.)" + "text": "158.5 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "the quality of service is excellent; new telephone exchanges provide a large capacity for new subscribers; trunk traffic is carried by microwave radio relay, coaxial cable, open-wire, and fiber-optic cable; a 4G LTE mobile-cellular telephone system operates throughout Kuwait; Internet access is available via 4G LTE connections for fixed and mobile users; high ownership levels of smart phones in Kuwait; one of the highest mobile penetration rates in the world; exploring 5G opportunities; improvements to fiber-broadband underway (2020)
(2020)" + "text": "the quality of service is excellent; new telephone exchanges provide a large capacity for new subscribers; trunk traffic is carried by microwave radio relay, coaxial cable, open-wire, and fiber-optic cable; a 4G LTE mobile-cellular telephone system operates throughout Kuwait; Internet access is available via 4G LTE connections for fixed and mobile users; high ownership levels of smart phones in Kuwait; one of the highest mobile penetration rates in the world; exploring 5G opportunities; improvements to fiber-broadband underway (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line subscriptions are 12 per 100 and mobile-cellular stands at 174 per 100 subscriptions (2019)" @@ -948,10 +948,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "84,595" + "text": "73,948 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "2.86 (2019 est.)" + "text": "1.73 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1022,10 +1022,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "159" + "text": "165" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 15, oil tanker 24, other 120 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 15, oil tanker 28, other 122 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/middle-east/le.json b/middle-east/le.json index 97b1dd16..545bb378 100644 --- a/middle-east/le.json +++ b/middle-east/le.json @@ -926,23 +926,23 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "882,175" + "text": "875,480 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "15.1 (2019 est.)" + "text": "12.83 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "4,237,962" + "text": "4,288,221 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "72.55 (2019 est.)" + "text": "62.83 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "struggling with effects of economic malaise during pandemic and following explosion in Beirut port; Lebanon’s telecom infrastructure is relatively weak, and services are expensive; rural areas are less connected and have power cuts; state retains a monopoly over the Internet backbone and dominant ownership of the telecom industry; government backed improvements to fixed infrastructure; new landlines and fiber-optic networks provide faster DSL; limited 5G services; three international gateways through submarine cables; importer of broadcasting equipment from UAE; UAE investment in tech solutions (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "struggling with effects of economic malaise during pandemic and following explosion in Beirut port; Lebanon’s telecom infrastructure is relatively weak, and services are expensive; rural areas are less connected and have power cuts; state retains a monopoly over the Internet backbone and dominant ownership of the telecom industry; government backed improvements to fixed infrastructure; new landlines and fiber-optic networks provide faster DSL; limited 5G services; three international gateways through submarine cables; importer of broadcasting equipment from UAE; UAE investment in tech solutions (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line 13 per 100 and 62 per 100 for mobile-cellular subscriptions (2019)" @@ -968,10 +968,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "420,000" + "text": "432,070 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "7.19 (2019 est.)" + "text": "6.33 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1051,10 +1051,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "52" + "text": "48" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 2, general cargo 37, oil tanker 1, other 12 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 2, general cargo 31, oil tanker 1, other 14 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1113,7 +1113,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "479,537 (Palestinian refugees) (2020); 851,717 (Syria) (2021)" + "text": "479,537 (Palestinian refugees) (2020); 844,056 (Syria) (2021)" }, "IDPs": { "text": "7,000 (2020)" diff --git a/middle-east/mu.json b/middle-east/mu.json index 80982aef..aca04845 100644 --- a/middle-east/mu.json +++ b/middle-east/mu.json @@ -339,13 +339,13 @@ }, "School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": { "total": { - "text": "14 years" + "text": "15 years" }, "male": { "text": "14 years" }, "female": { - "text": "15 years (2019)" + "text": "15 years (2020)" } }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { @@ -934,23 +934,23 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "592,196" + "text": "594,550 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "16.66 (2019 est.)" + "text": "12.68 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "6,383,458" + "text": "6,276,535 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "179.57 (2019 est.)" + "text": "133.9 (2020 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "modern system consisting of open-wire, microwave, and radiotelephone communication stations; domestic satellite system; progressive mobile sector with both 3G and 4G LTE networks and readiness for 5G launch; competition among mobile operators; government program to improve fiber network; important communications hub in the Middle East, with access to numerous submarine cables enabling increased bandwidth; major importer of broadcasting equipment and computers from UAE (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "modern system consisting of open-wire, microwave, and radiotelephone communication stations; domestic satellite system; progressive mobile sector with both 3G and 4G LTE networks and readiness for 5G launch; competition among mobile operators; government program to improve fiber network; important communications hub in the Middle East, with access to numerous submarine cables enabling increased bandwidth; major importer of broadcasting equipment and computers from UAE (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line 13 per 100 and mobile-cellular 138 per 100, subscribership both increasing with fixed-line phone service gradually being introduced to remote villages using wireless local loop systems (2019)" @@ -976,10 +976,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "473,070" + "text": "508,949 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "13.31 (2019 est.)" + "text": "10.85 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1059,10 +1059,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "55" + "text": "57" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 10, other 45 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 10, other 47 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1079,7 +1079,7 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "Sultan's Armed Forces (SAF): Royal Army of Oman (RAO), Royal Navy of Oman (RNO), Royal Air Force of Oman (RAFO), Royal Guard of Oman (RGO); Royal Oman Police Coast Guard (2021)" + "text": "Sultan's Armed Forces (SAF): Royal Army of Oman (RAO), Royal Navy of Oman (RNO), Royal Air Force of Oman (RAFO), Royal Guard of Oman (RGO); Royal Oman Police (ROP): Civil Defense, Immigration, Customs, Royal Oman Police Coast Guard; Internal Security Service (2021)" }, "Military expenditures": { "Military Expenditures 2020": { diff --git a/middle-east/qa.json b/middle-east/qa.json index 74e3c4af..db23d723 100644 --- a/middle-east/qa.json +++ b/middle-east/qa.json @@ -313,13 +313,13 @@ }, "School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": { "total": { - "text": "12 years" + "text": "13 years" }, "male": { "text": "12 years" }, "female": { - "text": "14 years (2019)" + "text": "15 years (2020)" } }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { @@ -929,7 +929,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "telecom infrastructure in Qatar demonstrated resilience during the pandemic, following surge in Internet usage; highest fixed-line and mobile penetrations in Middle East with almost 100% LTE coverage; operator deployed 5G across the country with positive subscribership, primarily around Doha; largest user of the Internet in the Middle East; importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "telecom infrastructure in Qatar demonstrated resilience during the pandemic, following surge in Internet usage; highest fixed-line and mobile penetrations in Middle East with almost 100% LTE coverage; operator deployed 5G across the country with positive subscribership, primarily around Doha; largest user of the Internet in the Middle East; importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line 16 per 100 and mobile-cellular telephone subscribership 138 telephones per 100 persons (209)" @@ -1020,10 +1020,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "131" + "text": "129" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 8, container ship 6, general cargo 5, oil tanker 5, other 107 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 9, container ship 4, general cargo 4, oil tanker 5, other 107 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1062,6 +1062,9 @@ "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the Qatari military's inventory includes a broad mix of older and modern weapons systems, mostly from the US and Europe; in the 2010s, Qatar embarked on an extensive military expansion and modernization program with large air, ground, and naval equipment purchases from European countries, Turkey, and the US (2021)" }, + "Military deployments": { + "text": "in 2021, Turkey agreed to train Qatari fighter pilots and allow the temporary deployment of up to 36 Qatari military aircraft and 250 personnel" + }, "Military service age and obligation": { "text": "conscription for males aged 18-35; compulsory service times range from 4 months to up to a year, depending on the cadets educational and professional circumstances; women are permitted to serve in the armed forces, including as uniformed officers and pilots (2019)" } diff --git a/middle-east/sa.json b/middle-east/sa.json index 0e2a05eb..11674100 100644 --- a/middle-east/sa.json +++ b/middle-east/sa.json @@ -318,24 +318,24 @@ }, "School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": { "total": { - "text": "17 years" + "text": "16 years" }, "male": { "text": "16 years" }, "female": { - "text": "16 years (2019)" + "text": "16 years (2020)" } }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { "total": { - "text": "28.8%" + "text": "27.2%" }, "male": { - "text": "19.9%" + "text": "21.5%" }, "female": { - "text": "62.6% (2018 est.)" + "text": "43.8% (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -947,7 +947,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "one of the most progressive telecom markets in the Middle East; mobile penetration high, with a saturated market; mobile operators competitive and meeting the demand for workers, students and citizens working from home; Huawei partners with operator to provide 5G to dozens of cities; broadband is available with DSL, fiber, and wireless; mobile penetration is high; restrictive monarchy places limits on information and services available online; authorities operate extensive censorship and surveillance systems; major importer of broadcasting equipment from UAE and China (2020)
(2020)" + "text": "one of the most progressive telecom markets in the Middle East; mobile penetration high, with a saturated market; mobile operators competitive and meeting the demand for workers, students and citizens working from home; Huawei partners with operator to provide 5G to dozens of cities; broadband is available with DSL, fiber, and wireless; mobile penetration is high; restrictive monarchy places limits on information and services available online; authorities operate extensive censorship and surveillance systems; major importer of broadcasting equipment from UAE and China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line 16 per 100 and mobile-cellular subscribership has been increasing rapidly to 121 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1070,10 +1070,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "376" + "text": "392" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 5, container ship 1, general cargo 22, oil tanker 61, other 287 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 5, container ship 1, general cargo 21, oil tanker 58, other 307 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/middle-east/sy.json b/middle-east/sy.json index 0c3a2149..b1d04573 100644 --- a/middle-east/sy.json +++ b/middle-east/sy.json @@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ "text": "14,280 sq km (2012)" }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Euphrates (shared with Turkey [s], Iran, and Iraq [m]) - 3,596 km; Tigris (shared with Turkey, Iran, and Iraq [m]) - 1,950 kmSyria’s telecom sector has paid a heavy toll from years of civil war and destruction leading to major disruptions to the network; operators focusing on rebuilding damaged networks, though lack of basic infrastructure, including power and security, hamper efforts; fairly high mobile penetration for region; remote areas rely on expensive satellite communications; mobile broadband infrastructure is predominantly 3G for about 85% of the population with some LTE ; international aid network provides emergency Internet and telecom services when necessary; government restrictions of Internet freedom; major importer of broadcasting equipment from UAE (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "Syria’s telecom sector has paid a heavy toll from years of civil war and destruction leading to major disruptions to the network; operators focusing on rebuilding damaged networks, though lack of basic infrastructure, including power and security, hamper efforts; fairly high mobile penetration for region; remote areas rely on expensive satellite communications; mobile broadband infrastructure is predominantly 3G for about 85% of the population with some LTE ; international aid network provides emergency Internet and telecom services when necessary; government restrictions of Internet freedom; major importer of broadcasting equipment from UAE (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "the number of fixed-line connections increased markedly prior to the civil war in 2011 and now stands at 17 per 100; mobile-cellular service stands at about 114 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1061,10 +1061,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "26" + "text": "28" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 1, general cargo 11, other 14 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 1, general cargo 11, other 16 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1091,7 +1091,7 @@ "text": "18-42 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service; conscript service obligation is 18 months; women are not conscripted but may volunteer to serve (2019)" }, "Military - note": { - "text": "the UN Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF) has operated in the Golan between Israel and Syria since 1974 to monitor the ceasefire following the 1973 Arab-Israeli War and supervise the areas of separation between the two countries; as of August 2021, UNDOF consisted of about 1,250 personnel" + "text": "the UN Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF) has operated in the Golan between Israel and Syria since 1974 to monitor the ceasefire following the 1973 Arab-Israeli War and supervise the areas of separation between the two countries; as of August 2021, UNDOF consisted of about 1,250 personnelas of 2021, multiple actors were conducting military operations in Syria in support of the ASAD government or Syrian opposition forces, as well in pursuit of their own security goals, such counterterrorism; operations have included air strikes, direct ground combat, and sponsoring proxy forces, as well as providing non-lethal military support, including advisors, technicians, arms and equipment, funding, intelligence, and training:
pro-ASAD elements operating in Syria have included Lebanese Hezbollah, Iranian, Iranian-backed Shia militia, and Russian forces; since early in the civil war, the ASAD government has relied on Lebanese Hezbollah, as well as Iran and Iranian-backed forces, for combat operations and to hold territory; Iran has provided military advisors and combat troops from the Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps (including the Qods Force; see Appendix T for further information), as well as intelligence, logistical, material, technical, and financial support; it has funded, trained, equipped, and led Shia militia/paramilitary units comprised of both Syrian and non-Syrian personnel, primarily from Afghanistan, Iraq, and Pakistan; Russia intervened at the request of the ASAD government in 2015 and has since provided air support, special operations forces, military advisors, private military contractors, training, arms, and equipment; Iranian and Russian support has also included assisting Syria in combating the Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS; see Appendix T) terrorist group
Turkey intervened militarily in 2016 to combat Kurdish militants and ISIS, support select Syrian opposition forces, and establish a buffer along portions of its border with Syria; as of 2021, Turkey continued to maintain a considerable military presence in northern Syria; it has armed and trained militia/proxy forces, such as the Syrian National Army, which was formed in late 2017 of Syrian Arab and Turkmen rebel factions in the Halab (Aleppo) province and northwestern Syria
the US and some regional and European states have at times backed Syrian opposition forces militarily and/or conducted military operations, primarily against ISIS; the US has operated in Syria since 2015 with ground forces and air strikes; as of late 2021, the majority the ground forces were deployed in the Eastern Syria Security Area (ESSA; includes parts of Hasakah and Dayr az Zawr provinces east of the Euphrates River) in support of operations by the Syrian Democratic Forces against ISIS, while the remainder were in southeast Syria around Tanf supporting counter-ISIS operations by the Jaysh Mughawir al-Thawra (MaT, or Revolutionary Commando Army) Syrian opposition force; the US has also conducted air strikes against Syrian military targets in response to Syrian Government use of chemical weapons against opposition forces and civilians; in addition, France, Jordan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the UK have provided forms of military assistance to opposition forces and/or conducted operations against ISIS, including air strikes
Israel has conducted hundreds of military air strikes in Syria, mostly targeting Hezbollah, Iranian, and/or Iranian-backed militia targets
the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) are an anti-ASAD regime coalition of forces composed primarily of Kurdish, Sunni Arab, and Syriac Christian fighters; it is dominated and led by Kurdish forces, particularly the People’s Protection Units (YPG) militia; the SDF began to receive US support in 2015 and as of 2021 was the main local US partner in its counter-ISIS campaign; the SDF has internal security, anti-terror, and commando units; Turkey views the SDF as an extension of the Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK), a US-designated terrorist organization (see Appendix T)
the ISIS terrorist group lost its last territorial stronghold to SDF forces in 2019, but continued to maintain a low-level insurgency through 2021; as of late 2021, the SDF held about 10,000 captured suspected ISIS fighters in detention facilities across northern Syria, including 2,000 from countries other than Iraq and Syria
as of 2021, the Hay'at Tahrir al-Sham (HTS; formerly known as al-Nusrah Front) terrorist organization (see Appendix T) was the dominate militant group in northwest Syria and asserted considerable influence and control over the so-called Syrian Salvation Government in the Iblib de-escalation zone; as of 2021, the group had an estimated 10,000 fighters
" } }, "Terrorism": { @@ -1106,7 +1106,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "12,399 (Iraq) (2020); 568,730 (Palestinian Refugees) (2020)" + "text": "568,730 (Palestinian Refugees), 12,399 (Iraq)(2020)" }, "IDPs": { "text": "6.568 million (ongoing civil war since 2011) (2020)" @@ -1114,7 +1114,7 @@ "stateless persons": { "text": "160,000 (2020); note - Syria's stateless population consists of Kurds and Palestinians; stateless persons are prevented from voting, owning land, holding certain jobs, receiving food subsidies or public healthcare, enrolling in public schools, or being legally married to Syrian citizens; in 1962, some 120,000 Syrian Kurds were stripped of their Syrian citizenship, rendering them and their descendants stateless; in 2011, the Syrian Government granted citizenship to thousands of Syrian Kurds as a means of appeasement; however, resolving the question of statelessness is not a priority given Syria's ongoing civil war" }, - "note": "note: the ongoing civil war has resulted in more than 5.6 million registered Syrian refugees - dispersed in Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, and Turkey - as of July 2021" + "note": "note: the ongoing civil war has resulted in more than 5.6 million registered Syrian refugees - dispersed in Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, and Turkey - as of November 2021" }, "Trafficking in persons": { "current situation": { diff --git a/middle-east/tu.json b/middle-east/tu.json index 83a71916..c61f5121 100644 --- a/middle-east/tu.json +++ b/middle-east/tu.json @@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ } }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Euphrates river source (shared with Syria, Iran, and Iraq [m]) - 3,596 km; Tigris river source (shared with Syria, Iran, and Iraq [m]) - 1,950 kmfollowing earthquake damage to infrastructure in 2020, telecom sector undergoing rapid modernization and expansion, especially in mobile-cellular services; mobile broadband becoming increasingly popular; near saturation of 4G LTE coverage for the population; strides made with 5G through investment by Huawei and Ericcson; fixed and mobile infrastructure will help to underpin Smart City initiatives; tight government control on social media platforms; importer of broadcasting equipment and computers from China (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "following earthquake damage to infrastructure in 2020, telecom sector undergoing rapid modernization and expansion, especially in mobile-cellular services; mobile broadband becoming increasingly popular; near saturation of 4G LTE coverage for the population; strides made with 5G through investment by Huawei and Ericcson; fixed and mobile infrastructure will help to underpin Smart City initiatives; tight government control on social media platforms; importer of broadcasting equipment and computers from China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "additional digital exchanges are permitting a rapid increase in subscribers; the construction of a network of technologically advanced intercity trunk lines, using both fiber-optic cable and digital microwave radio relay, is facilitating communication between urban centers; remote areas are reached by a domestic satellite system; fixed-line 14 per 100 and mobile-cellular teledensity is 97 telephones per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1125,10 +1125,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "1,216" + "text": "1,217" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 50, container ship 42, general cargo 338, oil tanker 121, other 665 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 39, container ship 41, general cargo 317, oil tanker 126, other 694 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1145,8 +1145,8 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "Turkish Armed Forces (TSK): Turkish Land Forces (Turk Kara Kuvvetleri), Turkish Naval Forces (Turk Deniz Kuvvetleri; includes naval air and naval infantry), Turkish Air Forces (Turk Hava Kuvvetleri); Ministry of Interior: Gendarmerie of the Turkish Republic, Turkish Coast Guard Command (2021)", - "note": "note: in wartime, the Gendarmerie and Coast Guard would be placed under the operational control of the Land Forces and Naval Forces, respectively" + "text": "Turkish Armed Forces (TSK): Turkish Land Forces (Turk Kara Kuvvetleri), Turkish Naval Forces (Turk Deniz Kuvvetleri; includes naval air and naval infantry), Turkish Air Forces (Turk Hava Kuvvetleri); Ministry of Interior: Gendarmerie of the Turkish Republic (aka Gendarmerie General Command), Turkish Coast Guard Command (2021)", + "note": "note(s) - the Gendarmerie is responsible for the maintenance of the public order in areas that fall outside the jurisdiction of police forces (generally in rural areas); in wartime, the Gendarmerie and Coast Guard would be placed under the operational control of the Land Forces and Naval Forces, respectively" }, "Military expenditures": { "Military Expenditures 2020": { @@ -1172,7 +1172,7 @@ "text": "the Turkish Armed Forces inventory is mostly comprised of a mix of domestically-produced and Western weapons systems, although in recent years, Turkey has also acquired some Chinese, Russian, and South Korean equipment; since 2010, the US is the leading provider of armaments to Turkey, followed by Italy, South Korea, and Spain; Turkey has a robust defense industry capable of producing a range of weapons systems for both export and internal use, including armored vehicles, naval vessels, and unmanned aerial platforms, although it is heavily dependent on Western technology; Turkey's defense industry also partners with other countries for defense production (2020)" }, "Military deployments": { - "text": "est. 200 (Azerbaijan; monitoring cease-fire, clearing mines); 250 Bosnia-Herzegovina (EUFOR); est. 25-35,000 Cyprus; 300 Kosovo (NATO/KFOR); 100 Lebanon (UNIFIL); est. 1,500-2,000 Qatar; est. 200 Somalia (training mission); est. 10-20,000 Syria (2021)", + "text": "est. 200 (Azerbaijan; monitoring cease-fire, clearing mines); 250 Bosnia-Herzegovina (EUFOR); est. 25-35,000 Cyprus; 300 Kosovo (NATO/KFOR); 100 Lebanon (UNIFIL); est. 3-5,000 Qatar; est. 200 Somalia (training mission); est. 10-20,000 Syria (2021)", "note": "note(s): between 2016 and 2020, Turkey conducted four major military campaigns in northern Syria; Turkey has deployed troops into northern Iraq on numerous occasions to combat the Kurdistan Worker's Party (PKK), including large operations involving thousands of troops in 2007, 2011, and 2018; its most recent incursions were smaller-scale raids in April and February of 2021; in 2020, Turkey deployed an undetermined number of Turkish military troops and an estimated 3,500-5,000 Syrian fighters to Libya to support the Libyan Government of National Accord (GNA)large percent of the population is in need of humanitarian assistance and telecom services are vital but disrupted; mobile towers are often deliberately targeted; maintenance is dangerous to staff; aid organizations rely on satellite and radio communications; scarcity of telecom equipment in rural areas; ownership of telecom services and the related revenues and taxes have become a political issue; Chinese company Huawei helping to rebuild some equipment (2020)
(2020)" + "text": "large percent of the population is in need of humanitarian assistance and telecom services are vital but disrupted; mobile towers are often deliberately targeted; maintenance is dangerous to staff; aid organizations rely on satellite and radio communications; scarcity of telecom equipment in rural areas; ownership of telecom services and the related revenues and taxes have become a political issue; Chinese company Huawei helping to rebuild some equipment (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "the national network consists of microwave radio relay, cable, tropospheric scatter, GSM and CDMA mobile-cellular telephone systems; fixed-line teledensity remains low by regional standards at 4 per 100 but mobile cellular use expanding at 55 per 100 (2019)" @@ -1095,10 +1095,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "33" + "text": "34" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 2, oil tanker 4, other 27 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 2, oil tanker 4, other 28 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1141,6 +1141,9 @@ }, "Military service age and obligation": { "text": "18 is the legal minimum age for voluntary military service; conscription abolished in 2001; 2-year service obligation (note - limited information since the start of the civil war) (2019)" + }, + "Military - note": { + "text": "in 2015, a Saudi-led coalition of Arab states intervened militarily in Yemen in support of the Republic of Yemen Government (ROYG) against the separatist Huthis; as of late 2021, the conflict had become largely stalemated, but the coalition (consisting largely of Saudi forces), ROYG forces, and the Huthis continued to engage in fighting, mostly with air and missile forces, although heavy ground fighting was also taking place over the key oil-rich province of Marib; the Saudis have conducted numerous air strikes in northern Yemen, while the Huthis have launched attacks into Saudi territory with ballistic missiles and unmanned aerial vehicles armed with explosives; Saudi Arabia also has raised and equipped paramilitary/militia security forces in Yemen based largely on tribal or regional affiliation to deploy along the Saudi-Yemen border, especially the areas bordering the governorates of Saada and Al-Jawf; as of late 2021, the Saudi-led coalition continued to control Yemen’s airspace and the port of Hodeida
the United Arab Emirates (UAE) intervened in Yemen in 2015 as part of the Saudi-led coalition with about 3,500 troops, as well as supporting air and naval forces; UAE withdrew its main military force from Yemen in 2019, but has retained a small military presence while working with proxies in southern Yemen, most notably the Southern Transitional Council (STC); as of 2021, UAE had recruited, trained, and equipped an estimated 150-200,000 Yemeni fighters and formed them into dozens of militia and paramilitary units
" } }, "Terrorism": { @@ -1155,7 +1158,7 @@ }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "refugees (country of origin)": { - "text": "113,549 (Somalia), 16,649 (Ethiopia) (2021)" + "text": "113,845 (Somalia), 16,971 (Ethiopia) (2021)" }, "IDPs": { "text": "4,002,012 (conflict in Sa'ada Governorate; clashes between al-Qa'ida in the Arabian Peninsula and government forces) (2020)" diff --git a/north-america/bd.json b/north-america/bd.json index 0270f3c3..16d59f59 100644 --- a/north-america/bd.json +++ b/north-america/bd.json @@ -285,7 +285,7 @@ "text": "12 years" }, "female": { - "text": "14 years (2015)" + "text": "13 years (2015)" } }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { @@ -888,10 +888,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "138" + "text": "147" }, "by type": { - "text": "container ship 12, oil tanker 18, other 108 (2020)" + "text": "container ship 12, oil tanker 18, other 117 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/north-america/ca.json b/north-america/ca.json index beb9f807..cfa4e3f1 100644 --- a/north-america/ca.json +++ b/north-america/ca.json @@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ } }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Mackenzie - 4, 241 km; Yukon (shared with the US) - 3,185 km; Nelson - 2,570 km; Columbia (shared with the US) - 1,953 km; Churchill - 1,600 km; Fraser (shared with the US) - 1,368 km; Ottawa - 1,271 km; Athabasca - 1,231 km; North Saskatchewan - 1,220 km; Liard - 1,115 km" + "text": "Mackenzie - 4, 241 km; Yukon river source (shared with the US [m]) - 3,185 km; Saint Lawrence river mouth (shared with US) - 3,058 km; Nelson - 2,570 km; Columbia river source (shared with the US [m]) - 1,953 km; Churchill - 1,600 km; Fraser - 1,368 km; Ottawa - 1,271 km; Athabasca - 1,231 km; North Saskatchewan - 1,220 km; Liard - 1,115 kmCanada has highly developed, technologically advanced telecom services; LTE and broadband are nearly universal; competition between the DSL and cable platforms with investment in fiber networks; regulatory efforts ensure operators have spectrum available to develop 5G services; policy to improve service speeds and enable digital economy and e-services; operator’s 5G network facilitates smart-city vehicle and pedestrian traffic; high value in e-commerce transactions; international connections through submarine, terrestrial, and satellite systems; importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "Canada has highly developed, technologically advanced telecom services; LTE and broadband are nearly universal; competition between the DSL and cable platforms with investment in fiber networks; regulatory efforts ensure operators have spectrum available to develop 5G services; policy to improve service speeds and enable digital economy and e-services; operator’s 5G network facilitates smart-city vehicle and pedestrian traffic; high value in e-commerce transactions; international connections through submarine, terrestrial, and satellite systems; importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "35 per 100 fixed-line; 93 per 100 mobile-cellular; comparatively low mobile penetration provides further room for growth; domestic satellite system with about 300 earth stations (2019)" @@ -1026,10 +1026,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "15,273,496" + "text": "15,776,602 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "40.89 (2019 est.)" + "text": "41.8 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1120,10 +1120,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "691" + "text": "679" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 20, container ship 1, general cargo 76, oil tanker 15, other 579 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 22, container ship 1, general cargo 66, oil tanker 15, other 575 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1184,7 +1184,7 @@ "text": "17 years of age for voluntary male and female military service (with parental consent); 16 years of age for Reserve and Military College applicants; Canadian citizenship or permanent residence status required; maximum 34 years of age; service obligation 3-9 years (2021)" }, "Military - note": { - "text": "Canada is a member of NATO and was one of the original 12 countries to sign the North Atlantic Treaty (also known as the Washington Treaty) in 1949" + "text": "Canada is a member of NATO and was one of the original 12 countries to sign the North Atlantic Treaty (also known as the Washington Treaty) in 1949Canada is part of the North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD; established 1958); NORAD is a Canada-US bi-national military command responsible for monitoring and defending North American airspace; traditionally, a Canadian Armed Forces officer has served as the deputy commander of NORAD
Canada’s defense relationship with the US extends back to the Ogdensburg Declaration of 1940, when the two countries formally agreed on military cooperation, including the establishment of the Permanent Joint Board on Defense (PJBD), which continued to be the highest-level bilateral defense forum between Canada and the US as of 2021
British troops withdrew from Canada in 1871 as part of the UK-US Treaty of Washington; following the withdrawal, the first Canadian militia, known as the Royal Canadian Regiment, was organized in 1883 to protect Canadian territory and defend British interests abroad, which it did in the South African War (1899-1902), Canada’s first overseas conflict; militia units formed the backbone of the more than 425,000 Canadian soldiers that went to Europe during World War I in what was called the Canadian Expeditionary Force; the Royal Canadian Navy was created in 1910, while the Canadian Air Force was established in 1920 and became the Royal Canadian Air Force in 1924; the Canadian Army was officially founded in 1942; a unified Canadian Armed Forces was created in 1968
" } }, "Terrorism": { diff --git a/north-america/gl.json b/north-america/gl.json index 0d644a2b..d3138e07 100644 --- a/north-america/gl.json +++ b/north-america/gl.json @@ -798,18 +798,18 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "7,133" + "text": "7,133 (2019)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "12.34 (2019 est.)" + "text": "12.59 (2019 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "61,656" + "text": "61,656 (2019)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "106.7 (2019 est.)" + "text": "108.8 (2019 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { @@ -840,10 +840,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "14,404" + "text": "14,404 (2019)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "24.93 (2019 est.)" + "text": "25.42 (2019 est.)" } } }, @@ -903,7 +903,7 @@ "text": "8" }, "by type": { - "text": "other 8 (2020)" + "text": "other 8 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/north-america/mx.json b/north-america/mx.json index 702f571e..52831288 100644 --- a/north-america/mx.json +++ b/north-america/mx.json @@ -104,6 +104,9 @@ "text": "Laguna de Terminos - 1,550 sq km" } }, + "Major rivers (by length in km)": { + "text": "Rio Grande river mouth (shared with US [s]) - 3,057 km; Colorado river mouth (shared with US [s]) - 2,333 kmwith a large population and relatively low broadband and mobile penetration, Mexico’s telecom sector has potential for growth; adequate telephone service for business and government; improving quality and increasing mobile cellular availability, with mobile subscribers far outnumbering fixed-line subscribers; relatively low broadband and mobile penetration, potential for growth and international investment; extensive microwave radio relay network; considerable use of fiber-optic cable and coaxial cable; 5G development slow given the existing capabilities of LTE; IXP in Mexico City; exporter of computers and broadcasting equipment to USA, and importer of same from China (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "with a large population and relatively low broadband and mobile penetration, Mexico’s telecom sector has potential for growth; adequate telephone service for business and government; improving quality and increasing mobile cellular availability, with mobile subscribers far outnumbering fixed-line subscribers; relatively low broadband and mobile penetration, potential for growth and international investment; extensive microwave radio relay network; considerable use of fiber-optic cable and coaxial cable; 5G development slow given the existing capabilities of LTE; IXP in Mexico City; exporter of computers and broadcasting equipment to USA, and importer of same from China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "competition has spurred the mobile-cellular market; fixed-line teledensity exceeds 18 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular teledensity is about 95 per 100 persons; domestic satellite system with 120 earth stations (2019)" @@ -1066,10 +1072,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "19,354,980" + "text": "21,206,911 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "15.19 (2019 est.)" + "text": "16.45 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1166,10 +1172,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "668" + "text": "671" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 6, general cargo 10, oil tanker 34, other 618 (2020)" + "text": "container ship 1, bulk carrier 4, general cargo 11, oil tanker 31, other 624 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1192,8 +1198,8 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "Secretariat of National Defense (Secretaria de Defensa Nacional, SEDENA): Army (Ejercito), Mexican Air Force (Fuerza Aerea Mexicana, FAM); Secretariat of the Navy (Secretaria de Marina, SEMAR): Mexican Navy (Armada de Mexico (ARM), includes Naval Air Force (FAN), Mexican Naval Infantry Corps (Cuerpo de Infanteria de Marina, Mexmar or CIM)); Ministry of Security and Citizen Protection: Federal Police (includes Gendarmerie), National Guard (2021)", - "note": "note: the National Guard was formed in 2019 and consists of personnel from the Federal Police and military police units of the Army and Navy; while the Guard is part of the civilian-led Ministry of Security and Citizen Protection, the Defense Ministry has day-to-day operational control; in addition, the armed forces provide the commanders and the training" + "text": "Secretariat of National Defense (Secretaria de Defensa Nacional, SEDENA): Army (Ejercito), Mexican Air Force (Fuerza Aerea Mexicana, FAM); Secretariat of the Navy (Secretaria de Marina, SEMAR): Mexican Navy (Armada de Mexico (ARM), includes Naval Air Force (FAN), Mexican Naval Infantry Corps (Cuerpo de Infanteria de Marina, Mexmar or CIM)); Secretariat of Public Security and Civil Protection: National Guard (2021)", + "note": "note - the National Guard was formed in 2019 and consists of personnel from the former Federal Police (disbanded in December 2019) and military police units of the Army and Navy; while the Guard is part of the civilian-led Secretariat of Public Security and Civil Protection, the Secretariat of National Defense has day-to-day operational control; in addition, the armed forces provide the commanders and the training; the Guard, along with state and municipal police are responsible for enforcing the law and maintaining order" }, "Military expenditures": { "Military Expenditures 2020": { @@ -1222,7 +1228,7 @@ "text": "18 years of age for compulsory military service for males (selection for service determined by lottery); conscript service obligation is 12 months; conscripts remain in reserve status until the age of 40; 16 years of age with consent for voluntary enlistment; cadets enrolled in military schools from the age of 15 are considered members of the armed forces; women are eligible for voluntary military service (2019)" }, "Military - note": { - "text": "the Mexican military under President LOPEZ OBRADOR has expanded its role in public security duties and other tasks; as of 2021, Mexican military operations were focused primarily on internal security duties, particularly in countering drug cartels and organized crime groups, as well as border control and immigration enforcement; in addition, the military has been placed in charge of some infrastructure projects, such as building a new airport for Mexico City and sections of a train line in the country’s southeast; in mid-2020, the armed forces were directed to administer the country’s land and sea ports and customs services in order to fight crime and corruption; the military also runs some 2,700 branches of a state-owned bank" + "text": "the constitution was amended in 2019 to grant the president the authority to use the armed forces to protect internal and national security, and courts have upheld the legality of the armed forces’ role in law enforcement activities in support of civilian authorities through 2024; under these authorities, President LOPEZ OBRADOR has expanded the Mexican military's role in public security duties and other internal tasks; as of 2021, Mexican military operations were heavily focused on internal security duties, particularly in countering drug cartels and organized crime groups, as well as border control and immigration enforcement; in addition, the military has been placed in charge of some infrastructure projects, such as building a new airport for Mexico City and sections of a train line in the country’s southeast; in mid-2020, the armed forces were directed to administer the country’s land and sea ports and customs services in order to fight crime and corruption; the military also runs approximately 2,700 branches of a state-owned bank" } }, "Transnational Issues": { @@ -1241,7 +1247,7 @@ } }, "Illicit drugs": { - "text": "major source and transit country for heroin, marijuana, methamphetamine, and illicit synthetic including fentanyl and counterfeit pills destined for the United States; main transit country for cocaine from South America, a transit route and destination for fentanyl and associated precursors originating from China
" + "text": "major source and transit country for heroin, marijuana, methamphetamine, and illicit synthetic drugs including fentanyl and counterfeit pills destined for the United States; main transit country for cocaine from South America, a transit route and destination for fentanyl and associated precursors originating from China
" } } } \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/north-america/us.json b/north-america/us.json index de545cbd..24bdd8ea 100644 --- a/north-america/us.json +++ b/north-america/us.json @@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ } }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Missouri - 3,768 km; Mississippi (shared with Canada) - 3,544 km; Yukon (shared with Canada) - 3,190 km; Saint Lawrence (shared with Canada) - 3,058 km; Rio Grande (shared with Mexico) - 3,057 km; Colorado (shared with Mexico) - 2,333 km; Arkansas - 2,348 km; Columbia (shared with Canada) - 2,250 km; Red - 2,188 km; Ohio - 2,102 km; Snake - 1,670 km
" + "text": "Missouri - 3,768 km; Mississippi - 3,544 km; Yukon river mouth (shared with Canada [s]) - 3,190 km; Saint Lawrence (shared with Canada) - 3,058 km; Rio Grande river source ( mouth shared with Mexico) - 3,057 km; Colorado river source (shared with Mexico [m]) - 2,333 km; Arkansas - 2,348 km; Columbia river mouth (shared with Canada [s]) - 2,250 km; Red - 2,188 km; Ohio - 2,102 km; Snake - 1,670 km
note – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth
Missouri - 3,768 km; Mississippi (shared with Canada) - 3,544 km; Yukon (shared with Canada) - 3,190 km; Saint Lawrence (shared with Canada) - 3,058 km; Rio Grande (shared with Mexico) - 3,057 km; Colorado (shared with Mexico) - 2,333 km; Arkansas - 2,348 km; Columbia (shared with Canada) - 2,250 km; Red - 2,188 km; Ohio - 2,102 km; Snake - 1,670 km
" + "text": "Missouri - 3,768 km; Mississippi - 3,544 km; Yukon river mouth (shared with Canada [s]) - 3,190 km; Saint Lawrence (shared with Canada) - 3,058 km; Rio Grande river source ( mouth shared with Mexico) - 3,057 km; Colorado river source (shared with Mexico [m]) - 2,333 km; Arkansas - 2,348 km; Columbia river mouth (shared with Canada [s]) - 2,250 km; Red - 2,188 km; Ohio - 2,102 km; Snake - 1,670 km
note – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth
Congress officially created the US military in September 1789; the US Army was established in June 1775 as the Continental Army; after the declaration of independence in July 1776, the Continental Army and the militia in the service of Congress became known collectively as the Army of the United States; when Congress ordered the Continental Army to disband in 1784, it retained a small number of personnel that would form the nucleus of the 1st American Regiment for national service formed later that year; both the US Navy and the US Marines were also established in 1775, but the Navy fell into disuse after the Revolutionary War, and was reestablished by Congress in 1794; the US Air Force was established in 1947, but the first military unit of the US Army devoted exclusively to aviation began operations in 1913
" } }, "Terrorism": { diff --git a/south-america/ar.json b/south-america/ar.json index 1773f751..6b0a8f7d 100644 --- a/south-america/ar.json +++ b/south-america/ar.json @@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ } }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Rio de la Plata/Parana river mouth (shared with Brazil [s], Paraguay, and Uruguay) - 4,880 km; Paraguay (shared with Brazil [s], and Paraguay [m]) - 2,549 km; Uruguay (shared with Brazil [s] and Uruguay [m]) - 1,610 kmBolivia has a small naval force for patrolling some 5,000 miles of navigable rivers to combat narcotics trafficking and smuggling, provide disaster relief, and deliver supplies to remote rural areas, as well as for maintaining a presence on Lake Titicaca; the Navy also exists in part to cultivate a maritime tradition and as a reminder of Bolivia’s desire to regain the access to the Pacific Ocean that the country lost to Chile in the War of the Pacific (1879-1884); every year on 23 March, the Navy participates in parades and government ceremonies commemorating the Día Del Mar (Day of the Sea) holiday that remembers the loss
" } }, "Transnational Issues": { diff --git a/south-america/br.json b/south-america/br.json index 1683270d..4b77ba02 100644 --- a/south-america/br.json +++ b/south-america/br.json @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ { "Introduction": { "Background": { - "text": "Following more than three centuries under Portuguese rule, Brazil gained its independence in 1822, maintaining a monarchical system of government until the abolition of slavery in 1888 and the subsequent proclamation of a republic by the military in 1889. Brazilian coffee exporters politically dominated the country until populist leader Getulio VARGAS rose to power in 1930. By far the largest and most populous country in South America, Brazil underwent more than a half century of populist and military government until 1985, when the military regime peacefully ceded power to civilian rulers. Brazil continues to pursue industrial and agricultural growth and development of its interior. Having successfully weathered a period of global financial difficulty in the late 20th century, Brazil was seen as one of the world's strongest emerging markets and a contributor to global growth. The awarding of the 2014 FIFA World Cup and 2016 Summer Olympic Games, the first ever to be held in South America, was seen as symbolic of the country's rise. However, from about 2013 to 2016, Brazil was plagued by a sagging economy, high unemployment, and high inflation, only emerging from recession in 2017. Former President Dilma ROUSSEFF (2011-2016) was removed from office in 2016 by Congress for having committed impeachable acts against Brazil's budgetary laws, and her vice president, Michel TEMER, served the remainder of her second term. In October 2018, Jair BOLSONARO won the presidency with 55 percent of the vote and assumed office on 1 January 2019.
" + "text": "Following more than three centuries under Portuguese rule, Brazil gained its independence in 1822, maintaining a monarchical system of government until the abolition of slavery in 1888 and the subsequent proclamation of a republic by the military in 1889. Brazilian coffee exporters politically dominated the country until populist leader Getulio VARGAS rose to power in 1930. By far the largest and most populous country in South America, Brazil underwent more than a half century of populist and military government until 1985, when the military regime peacefully ceded power to civilian rulers. Brazil continues to pursue industrial and agricultural growth and development of its interior. Having successfully weathered a period of global financial difficulty in the late 20th century, Brazil was seen as one of the world's strongest emerging markets and a contributor to global growth. The awarding of the 2014 FIFA World Cup and 2016 Summer Olympic Games, the first ever to be held in South America, was seen as symbolic of the country's rise. However, from about 2013 to 2016, Brazil was plagued by a sagging economy, high unemployment, and high inflation, only emerging from recession in 2017. Former President Dilma ROUSSEFF (2011-2016) was removed from office in 2016 by Congress for having committed impeachable acts against Brazil's budgetary laws, and her vice president, Michel TEMER, served the remainder of her second term. In October 2018, Jair BOLSONARO won the presidency with 55% of the vote and assumed office on 1 January 2019.
" } }, "Geography": { @@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ } }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Amazon river mouth (shared with Peru [s]) - 6,400 km; Rio de la Plata/Parana river source (shared with Paraguay, Argentina, and Uruguay [m]) - 4,880 km; Tocantins - 3,650 km; Sao Francisco - 3,180 km; Paraguay river source (shared with Argentina and Paraguay [m]) - 2,549 km; Rio Negro (shared with Colombia [s] and Venezuela) - 2,250 km; Uruguay river source (shared with Argentina and Uruguay [m]) - 1,610 kmBrazil is one of the largest mobile and broadband markets in Latin America with healthy competition and pricing; 5G launched on limited basis; large fixed-line broadband market with focus on fiber; landing point for submarine cables and investment into terrestrial fiber cables to neighboring countries; Internet penetration has increased, access varies along geographic and socio-economic lines; government provides free WiFi in urban public spaces; pioneer in the region for M-commerce; major importer of integrated circuits from South Korea and China, and broadcasting equipment from China (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "Brazil is one of the largest mobile and broadband markets in Latin America with healthy competition and pricing; 5G launched on limited basis; large fixed-line broadband market with focus on fiber; landing point for submarine cables and investment into terrestrial fiber cables to neighboring countries; Internet penetration has increased, access varies along geographic and socio-economic lines; government provides free WiFi in urban public spaces; pioneer in the region for M-commerce; major importer of integrated circuits from South Korea and China, and broadcasting equipment from China
(2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line connections have remained relatively stable in recent years and stand at about 16 per 100 persons; less-expensive mobile-cellular technology has been a major impetus broadening telephone service to the lower-income segments of the population with mobile-cellular teledensity roughly 99 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1071,10 +1071,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "32,914,496" + "text": "36,344,670 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "15.63 (2019 est.)" + "text": "17.1 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1174,10 +1174,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "875" + "text": "864" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 12, container ship 18, general cargo 45, oil tanker 38, other 762 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 11, container ship 19, general cargo 42, oil tanker 31, other 761 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/south-america/ci.json b/south-america/ci.json index 5d8cd996..473be12e 100644 --- a/south-america/ci.json +++ b/south-america/ci.json @@ -290,7 +290,7 @@ "text": "2.59 physicians/1,000 population (2018)" }, "Hospital bed density": { - "text": "2.1 beds/1,000 population (2017)" + "text": "2.1 beds/1,000 population (2018)" }, "Sanitation facility access": { "improved: urban": { @@ -349,21 +349,21 @@ "text": "17 years" }, "male": { - "text": "16 years" + "text": "17 years" }, "female": { - "text": "17 years (2018)" + "text": "17 years (2019)" } }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { "total": { - "text": "19.6%" + "text": "24.9%" }, "male": { - "text": "19.1%" + "text": "23.7%" }, "female": { - "text": "20.3% (2019 est.)" + "text": "26.6% (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -555,10 +555,10 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a single 4-year term; election last held on 19 November 2017 with a runoff held 17 December 2017 (next to be held on 21 November 2021 with runoff if need on 19 December)" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a single 4-year term; election last held on 21 November 2021 with a runoff to be held on 19 December 2021 (next to be held on 23 November 2025 with runoff if need on 20 December)" }, "election results": { - "text": "
the Chilean Army was founded in 1810, but traces its origins back to the Army of the Kingdom of Chile, which was established by the Spanish Crown in the early 1600s; the Navy traces its origins to 1817; it was first led by a British officer and its first ships were largely crewed by American, British, and Irish sailors; by the 1880s, the Chilean Navy was one of the most powerful in the Americas, and included the world’s first protected cruiser (a ship with an armored deck to protect vital machine spaces); Chile's military aviation was inaugurated in 1913 with the creation of a military aviation school
" } }, "Transnational Issues": { diff --git a/south-america/co.json b/south-america/co.json index 0f561e75..9f6f3cce 100644 --- a/south-america/co.json +++ b/south-america/co.json @@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ "text": "10,900 sq km (2012)" }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Rio Negro river source (shared with Venezuela and Brazil [m]) - 2,250 km; Orinoco (shared with Venezuela [s]) - 2,101 kmColombia’s telecom infrastructure has improved through a government program of competition to upgrade services based on LTE and 5G, focusing on infrastructure in small urban centers and rural areas; national ICT Plan increased broadband and fiber connectivity; operators testing 5G and completed 20k terrestrial cable connecting 80% of the country; benefit due to access to commercial submarine cable (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "Colombia’s telecom infrastructure has improved through a government program of competition to upgrade services based on LTE and 5G, focusing on infrastructure in small urban centers and rural areas; national ICT Plan increased broadband and fiber connectivity; operators testing 5G and completed 20k terrestrial cable connecting 80% of the country; benefit due to access to commercial submarine cable (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line connections stand at about 14 per 100 persons; mobile cellular telephone subscribership is about 132 per 100 persons; competition among cellular service providers is resulting in falling local and international calling rates and contributing to the steep decline in the market share of fixed-line services; domestic satellite system with 41 earth stations (2019)" @@ -1050,10 +1050,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "6,949,852" + "text": "7,764,772 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "14.1 (2019 est.)" + "text": "15.26 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1144,10 +1144,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "120" + "text": "122" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 22, oil tanker 8, other 90 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 23, oil tanker 7, other 92 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1221,14 +1221,14 @@ "text": "1,742,927 (Venezuela) (economic and political crisis; includes Venezuelans who have claimed asylum, are recognized as refugees, or received alternative legal stay) (2021)" }, "IDPs": { - "text": "8,154,542 (conflict between government and illegal armed groups and drug traffickers since 1985) (2021)" + "text": "8,176,460 (conflict between government and illegal armed groups and drug traffickers since 1985) (2021)" }, "stateless persons": { "text": "11 (2020)" } }, "Illicit drugs": { - "text": "Colombia is the world’s top cocaine producer; exports and is a source of heroin and marijuana; coca cultivation was estimated at 245,000 hectares (ha) in 2020; potential pure cocaine production reached 1,010 mega tons in 2020
" + "text": "
Colombia is the world’s top cocaine producer; exports and is a source of heroin and marijuana; coca cultivation was estimated at 245,000 hectares (ha) in 2020; potential pure cocaine production reached 1,010 metric tons in 2020
" } } } \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/south-america/ec.json b/south-america/ec.json index 8c9e7652..67555e61 100644 --- a/south-america/ec.json +++ b/south-america/ec.json @@ -358,21 +358,21 @@ "text": "15 years" }, "male": { - "text": "15 years" + "text": "14 years" }, "female": { - "text": "16 years (2015)" + "text": "15 years (2019)" } }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { "total": { - "text": "8.8%" + "text": "11.1%" }, "male": { - "text": "6.9%" + "text": "8.7%" }, "female": { - "text": "12% (2019 est.)" + "text": "15.4% (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -986,23 +986,23 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "2,195,840" + "text": "2,063,044" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "13.15 (2019 est.)" + "text": "11.69 (2019 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "15,853,100" + "text": "15,485,366" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "94.97 (2019 est.)" + "text": "87.77 (2019 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "Ecuador’s remote and mountainous geography lends challenges to tele-density; government-owned provider to improve fixed-line and LTE infrastructure, with emphasis on fiber expansion from urban to rural areas and installation of a 5G network; small telecom market dominated by the non-competitive mobile sector; inadequate fixed-line infrastructure and slowed fixed-line broadband services (2021) (2020)" + "text": "Ecuador’s remote and mountainous geography lends challenges to tele-density; government-owned provider to improve fixed-line and LTE infrastructure, with emphasis on fiber expansion from urban to rural areas and installation of a 5G network; small telecom market dominated by the non-competitive mobile sector; inadequate fixed-line infrastructure and slowed fixed-line broadband services (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line services with digital networks provided by multiple telecommunications operators; fixed-line teledensity stands at about 13 per 100 persons and mobile-cellular use has surged and subscribership has reached 91 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1028,10 +1028,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "2,092,458" + "text": "2,346,923 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "12.53 (2019 est.)" + "text": "13.3 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1120,10 +1120,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "147" + "text": "145" }, "by type": { - "text": "container ship 1, general cargo 7, oil tanker 29, other 110 (2020)" + "text": "container ship 1, general cargo 7, oil tanker 27, other 110 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1170,6 +1170,9 @@ }, "Military service age and obligation": { "text": "18 years of age for selective conscript military service; conscription has been suspended; 18 years of age for voluntary military service; Ecuadorian birth requirement; 1-year service obligation; females have been allowed to serve in all branches since 2012 (2019)" + }, + "Military - note": { + "text": "
border conflicts with Peru dominated the military’s focus until the late 1990s; as of 2021, border security remained a priority, but in more recent years, security challenges have shifted towards counterinsurgency and counter-narcotics operations, particularly in the northern border area where violence and other criminal activity related to terrorism, insurgency, and narco-trafficking in Colombia, as well as refugees from Venezuela, has spilled over the border; troop deployments along the border with Colombia were scaled back following the 2016 signing of a peace agreement between the Colombian Government and the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) terrorist group (see Appendix T), but recent violence associated with FARC dissidents to the agreement have led Ecuador and Colombia to reinforce their shared border; since 2012, the Ecuadorian Government has also expanded the military’s role in general public security and counter-narcotics operations, in part due to police corruption and ineffectiveness
the military has had a large role in Ecuador’s political history; it ruled the country from 1963-1966 and 1972-1979, and supported a dictatorship in 1970-1972; during the 1980s, the military remained loyal to the civilian government, but civilian-military relations were at times tenuous, and the military had considerable autonomy from civilian oversight; it was involved in coup attempts in 2000 and 2010
" } }, "Transnational Issues": { diff --git a/south-america/fk.json b/south-america/fk.json index ea0bc69d..6c5896b0 100644 --- a/south-america/fk.json +++ b/south-america/fk.json @@ -378,10 +378,10 @@ }, "Legislative branch": { "description": { - "text": "unicameral Legislative Assembly, formerly the Legislative Council (10 seats; 5 members directly elected in the Stanley constituency and 3 members in the Camp constituency by simple majority vote, 2 appointed non-voting ex-officio members - the chief executive, appointed by the governor, and the financial secretary; members serve 4-year terms); note - several previous referendums - the latest in September 2020 - on whether to merge the Stanley and Camp constituencies into a single islands wide constituency, failed
the Guyana Defense Force was established in 1965; as of 2021, its primary missions were defense of the country, assisting civil authorities with law and order as needed, and contributing to the economic development of the country; the GDF’s ground force officers are trained at the British Royal Military Academy at Sandhurst, while coast guard officers receive training the British Royal Naval College
" } }, "Transnational Issues": { diff --git a/south-america/ns.json b/south-america/ns.json index 77f68e88..653ba5e9 100644 --- a/south-america/ns.json +++ b/south-america/ns.json @@ -965,7 +965,7 @@ }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "smallest nation in South America with low population and client base; state-owned fixed-line tele-density rates and broadband services below regional average for Latin America and Caribbean; operator building out fiber network; mobile penetration is above regional average; fixed-line effective along the coastline yet poor in the interior; competition in the mobile sector; launch of 5G in Paramaribo; importer of broadcasting equipment from USA (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "smallest nation in South America with low population and client base; state-owned fixed-line tele-density rates and broadband services below regional average for Latin America and Caribbean; operator building out fiber network; mobile penetration is above regional average; fixed-line effective along the coastline yet poor in the interior; competition in the mobile sector; launch of 5G in Paramaribo; importer of broadcasting equipment from USA (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line 16 per 100 and mobile-cellular teledensity 140 telephones per 100 persons; microwave radio relay network is in place (2019)" @@ -1065,7 +1065,7 @@ "text": "10" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 5, oil tanker 3, other 2 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 5, oil tanker 3, other 2 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1100,7 +1100,7 @@ "text": "the Suriname Army is comprised of approximately 1,800 active personnel (ground, air, naval, and military police) (2021)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { - "text": "the Suriname Army has a limited inventory comprised of a mix of older, foreign-supplied equipment; since 2010, Suriname has received small quantities of military hardware from Colombia, France, India, and the US (2020)" + "text": "the Suriname Army has a limited inventory comprised of a mix of older, foreign-supplied equipment; since 2010, Suriname has received small quantities of military hardware from several countries, including the US (2021)" }, "Military service age and obligation": { "text": "18 is the legal minimum age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2019)" diff --git a/south-america/pa.json b/south-america/pa.json index 4d7b734d..068abc67 100644 --- a/south-america/pa.json +++ b/south-america/pa.json @@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ "text": "1,362 sq km (2012)" }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Rio de la Plata/Parana (shared with Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, and Bolivia) - 4,880 km; Paraguay (shared with Brazil and Argentina) - 2,549 km" + "text": "Rio de la Plata/Parana (shared with Brazil [s], Argentina, and Uruguay [m]) - 4,880 km; Paraguay river mouth (shared with Brazil [s] and Argentina) - 2,549 kmlimited progress on structural reform and deficient infrastructure of the landlocked country are obstacles to telecom platform; monopolized fixed-line service; effective competition in mobile market, serving 96% of population through LTE; deployment of fiber; South Korean investment in education centers; operator enabled 100 free Internet points across the country; Inter-American Development Bank loan supports modernization within regulatory framework; dependent on neighboring countries for access to submarine cables; major importer of broadcasting equipment from the USA (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "limited progress on structural reform and deficient infrastructure of the landlocked country are obstacles to telecom platform; monopolized fixed-line service; effective competition in mobile market, serving 96% of population through LTE; deployment of fiber; South Korean investment in education centers; operator enabled 100 free Internet points across the country; Inter-American Development Bank loan supports modernization within regulatory framework; dependent on neighboring countries for access to submarine cables; major importer of broadcasting equipment from the USA (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "deficiencies in provision of fixed-line service have resulted in a rapid expansion of mobile-cellular services fostered by competition among multiple providers; Internet market also open to competition; fixed-line 4 per 100 and mobile-cellular 107 per 100 (2019)" @@ -1022,10 +1011,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "377,379" + "text": "377,379 (2019)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "5.31 (2019 est.)" + "text": "5.36 (2019 est.)" } } }, @@ -1107,7 +1096,7 @@ "text": "110" }, "by type": { - "text": "container ship 3, general cargo 25, oil tanker 5, other 77 (2020)" + "text": "container ship 3, general cargo 25, oil tanker 5, other 77 (2021)" }, "note": "note: as of 2017, Paraguay registered 2,012 fluvial vessels of which 1,741 were commercial barges" }, diff --git a/south-america/pe.json b/south-america/pe.json index fea54420..d29cbfe7 100644 --- a/south-america/pe.json +++ b/south-america/pe.json @@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ } }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Amazon (shared with Brazil) - 6,400 km;" + "text": "Amazon river source (shared with Brazil [m]) - 6,400 kmeconomic impact on telcom services during pandemic due to consumer unemployment; good mobile operator competition with LTE services; fixed-line tele-density remains among lowest in South America, with obstacles to growth including widespread poverty, fixed-to-mobile substitution, expensive telephone services, and geographical inaccessibility in the Andean mountains and Amazon jungles; government investment in underserved areas with fiber backbone; government facilitated virtual learning during pandemic via tablets with Internet connectivity; 3G network and new LTE services expanded providing mobile broadband to rural communities, though low penetration still exists; major importer of broadcasting equipment and computers from China (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "economic impact on telcom services during pandemic due to consumer unemployment; good mobile operator competition with LTE services; fixed-line tele-density remains among lowest in South America, with obstacles to growth including widespread poverty, fixed-to-mobile substitution, expensive telephone services, and geographical inaccessibility in the Andean mountains and Amazon jungles; government investment in underserved areas with fiber backbone; government facilitated virtual learning during pandemic via tablets with Internet connectivity; 3G network and new LTE services expanded providing mobile broadband to rural communities, though low penetration still exists; major importer of broadcasting equipment and computers from China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line teledensity is only about 10 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular teledensity, spurred by competition among multiple providers, now 124 telephones per 100 persons; nationwide microwave radio relay system and a domestic satellite system with 12 earth stations (2019)" @@ -1059,10 +1059,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "2,310,217" + "text": "2,536,077 (2018 est.)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "7 (2017 est.)" + "text": "7.93 (2018 est.)" } } }, @@ -1154,10 +1154,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "97" + "text": "98" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 1, oil tanker 10, other 86 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 1, oil tanker 8, other 89 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1177,7 +1177,7 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "Joint Command of the Armed Forces of Peru: Peruvian Army (Ejercito del Peru), Peruvian Navy (Marina de Guerra del Peru, MGP, includes naval infantry and Coast Guard), Air Force of Peru (Fuerza Aerea del Peru, FAP); Ministry of the Interior (Ministerio del Interior): Peruvian National Police (Policía Nacional del Perú, PNP) (2021)" + "text": "Joint Command of the Armed Forces of Peru (CCFFAA): Peruvian Army (Ejercito del Peru), Peruvian Navy (Marina de Guerra del Peru, MGP, includes naval infantry and Coast Guard), Air Force of Peru (Fuerza Aerea del Peru, FAP); Ministry of the Interior (Ministerio del Interior): Peruvian National Police (Policía Nacional del Perú, PNP) (2021)" }, "Military expenditures": { "Military Expenditures 2020": { @@ -1231,7 +1231,7 @@ } }, "Illicit drugs": { - "text": "a regional transshipment and destination point for illegal drugs;
cannabis products, methamphetamine hydrochloride (locally known as ‘shabu’), and MDMA (ecstasy) are locally used; Chinese Transnational Criminal Organizations (TCOs) are the main source of methamphetamine; precursor chemicals are in transit from China to Burma
" + "text": "world’s second-largest producer of cocaine, with an estimated 88,200 hectares under coca cultivation in 2020; cocaine is trafficked throughout South America for shipment to Europe, East Asia, Mexico, and the United States; major importer of precursor chemicals for cocaine production" } } } \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/south-america/uy.json b/south-america/uy.json index 1c6b9a2f..932d4f48 100644 --- a/south-america/uy.json +++ b/south-america/uy.json @@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ } }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Rio de la Plata/Parana (shared with Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Bolivia) - 4,880 km; Uruguay (shared with Brazil and Argentina) - 1,610 km" + "text": "Rio de la Plata/Parana river mouth (shared with Brazil [s], Argentina, Paraguay) - 4,880 km; Uruguay river mouth (shared with Brazil [s] and Argentina) - 1,610 km
Uruguay has an advanced telecom market, with excellent infrastructure and one of the highest broadband penetration rates in Latin America; fully digitized; high computer use and fixed-line/mobile penetrations; deployment of fiber infrastructure will encourage economic growth and stimulate e-commerce; state-owned monopoly on fixed-line market and dominance of mobile market; nationwide 3G coverage and LTE networks; limited 5G commercial reach; strong focus on fiber infrastructure with high percentage of residential fixed-broadband connections and near total business connections; importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "Uruguay has an advanced telecom market, with excellent infrastructure and one of the highest broadband penetration rates in Latin America; fully digitized; high computer use and fixed-line/mobile penetrations; deployment of fiber infrastructure will encourage economic growth and stimulate e-commerce; state-owned monopoly on fixed-line market and dominance of mobile market; nationwide 3G coverage and LTE networks; limited 5G commercial reach; strong focus on fiber infrastructure with high percentage of residential fixed-broadband connections and near total business connections; importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "most modern facilities concentrated in Montevideo; nationwide microwave radio relay network; overall fixed-line 34 per 100 and mobile-cellular teledensity 138 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1105,10 +1105,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "60" + "text": "61" }, "by type": { - "text": " container ship 1, general cargo 5, oil tanker 3, other 51 (2020)" + "text": "container ship 1, general cargo 4, oil tanker 4, other 52 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/south-america/ve.json b/south-america/ve.json index 81bb8216..f83df7f6 100644 --- a/south-america/ve.json +++ b/south-america/ve.json @@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ } }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Negro (shared with Colombia and Brazil) - 2,250 km; Orinoco (shared with Colombia and Guyana) - 2,101 km;" + "text": "Rio Negro (shared with Colombia [s] and Brazil [m]) - 2,250 km; Orinoco river source and mouth (shared with Colombia) - 2,101 kmtelecom industry struggling due to political upheaval in the country; poor quality of service in many areas of the country due to decrepit state of fixed-line network and operators’ inability to pay for equipment from foreign vendors; operator suffering from stolen or damaged infrastructure; many consumers favor mobile service, and cancel their fixed-line services; popularity of social networks caused growth in mobile data traffic; LTE coverage to about half of the population; government launched National Fiber Optic backbone project in 2019; national satellite drifted off course and became non-operational; American company closed a telecom service due to government sanction and a Chilean company later acquired the service; Internet freedom deteriorating amid crisis, with frequent disruptions to service and monitoring; importer of broadcasting equipment from the USA (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "telecom industry struggling due to political upheaval in the country; poor quality of service in many areas of the country due to decrepit state of fixed-line network and operators’ inability to pay for equipment from foreign vendors; operator suffering from stolen or damaged infrastructure; many consumers favor mobile service, and cancel their fixed-line services; popularity of social networks caused growth in mobile data traffic; LTE coverage to about half of the population; government launched National Fiber Optic backbone project in 2019; national satellite drifted off course and became non-operational; American company closed a telecom service due to government sanction and a Chilean company later acquired the service; Internet freedom deteriorating amid crisis, with frequent disruptions to service and monitoring; importer of broadcasting equipment from the USA (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "two domestic satellite systems with three earth stations; recent substantial improvement in telephone service in rural areas; 3 major providers operate in the mobile market and compete with state-owned company; fixed-line 19 per 100 and mobile-cellular telephone subscribership about 58 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1072,10 +1072,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "282" + "text": "281" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 4, container ship 1, general cargo 26, oil tanker 21, other 230 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 4, container ship 1, general cargo 26, oil tanker 18, other 232 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { @@ -1151,7 +1151,7 @@ } }, "Illicit drugs": { - "text": "a major drug transit country and trafficking route in the Western Hemisphere largely destined for the Caribbean, Central America, the United States, West Africa, and Europe for illegal drugs, predominately cocaine; government reportedly complicity with illegal armed narcotrafficking groups with practically nonexistent international drug control cooperation; significant narcotics-related money-laundering activity, especially along the border with Colombia and on Margarita Island; active eradication program primarily targeting opium; increasing signs of drug-related activities by Colombian insurgents on border
" + "text": "a major drug transit country and trafficking route in the Western Hemisphere largely destined for the Caribbean, Central America, the United States, West Africa, and Europe for illegal drugs, predominately cocaine; government reportedly complicity with illegal armed narcotrafficking groups with practically nonexistent international drug control cooperation; significant narcotics-related money-laundering activity, especially along the border with Colombia and on Margarita Island; increasing signs of drug-related activities by Colombian insurgents on border
" } } } \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/south-asia/af.json b/south-asia/af.json index f69e1420..96855b5a 100644 --- a/south-asia/af.json +++ b/south-asia/af.json @@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ } }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Amu Darya (shared with Tajikistan [s], Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan [m]) - 2,620 km; Helmand river source (shared with Iran) - 1,130 kmupgrades to telecom infrastructure extended to outer islands; two mobile operators extend LTE coverage; tourism has strengthened the telecom market with investment and accounts for the high mobile penetration rate; launched 5G tests (2020)
(2020)" + "text": "upgrades to telecom infrastructure extended to outer islands; two mobile operators extend LTE coverage; tourism has strengthened the telecom market with investment and accounts for the high mobile penetration rate; launched 5G tests (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line is at 3 per 100 persons and high mobile-cellular subscriptions stands at 156 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -929,10 +940,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "52,976" + "text": "63,685 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "13.53 (2019 est.)" + "text": "11.78 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -995,10 +1006,10 @@ }, "Merchant marine": { "total": { - "text": "67" + "text": "68" }, "by type": { - "text": "general cargo 21, oil tanker 18, other 28 (2020)" + "text": "general cargo 21, oil tanker 19, other 28 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/south-asia/np.json b/south-asia/np.json index 1d15f2f8..97d3a245 100644 --- a/south-asia/np.json +++ b/south-asia/np.json @@ -85,9 +85,6 @@ "Irrigated land": { "text": "13,320 sq km (2012)" }, - "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Brahmaputra (shared with India, China, Bangladesh, and Bhutan) - 3,969 km; Ganges (shared with Bangladesh and India) - 2,704 km" - }, "Major watersheds (area sq km)": { "text": "Indian Ocean drainage: Brahmaputra (651,335 sq km), Ganges (1,016,124 sq km), Indus (1,081,718 sq km)" }, @@ -452,9 +449,6 @@ "text": "1,768,977 tons (2016 est.)" } }, - "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Brahmaputra (shared with India, China, Bangladesh, and Bhutan) - 3,969 km; Ganges (shared with Bangladesh and India) - 2,704 km" - }, "Major watersheds (area sq km)": { "text": "Indian Ocean drainage: Brahmaputra (651,335 sq km), Ganges (1,016,124 sq km), Indus (1,081,718 sq km)" }, @@ -971,23 +965,23 @@ "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "855,926" + "text": "799,368 (2018)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "2.85 (2019 est.)" + "text": "2.85 (2018 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { - "text": "41,880,311" + "text": "39,178,451 (2018)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "139.45 (2019 est.)" + "text": "130.6 (2019 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { - "text": "poverty, inconsistent electricity, and mountainous topography stymie development of telecom infrastructure; mobile market is developed and has been extended to all districts covering 90% of Nepal; fixed broadband is low due to limited number of fixed-lines and preeminence of the mobile platform; increasing 3G and 4G subscribers; fiber-optic networks developing under private and public funding to meet demand for Internet; government supports digital society, whereby 90% of the population will have access to broadband and free Internet access for students; plans to launch a Nepalese satellite by 2022; importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "poverty, inconsistent electricity, and mountainous topography stymie development of telecom infrastructure; mobile market is developed and has been extended to all districts covering 90% of Nepal; fixed broadband is low due to limited number of fixed-lines and preeminence of the mobile platform; increasing 3G and 4G subscribers; fiber-optic networks developing under private and public funding to meet demand for Internet; government supports digital society, whereby 90% of the population will have access to broadband and free Internet access for students; plans to launch a Nepalese satellite by 2022; importer of broadcasting equipment from China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "3G coverage is available in 20 major cities (2019); disparity between high coverage in cities and coverage available in underdeveloped rural regions; fixed-line 3 per 100 persons and mobile-cellular 139 per 100 persons; fair radiotelephone communication service; 20% of the market share is fixed (wired) broadband, 2% is fixed (wireless) broadband, and 78% is mobile broadband (2019)" @@ -1013,10 +1007,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "791,961" + "text": "791,961 (2018)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "3 (2018 est.)" + "text": "1.82 (2019 est.)" } } }, diff --git a/south-asia/pk.json b/south-asia/pk.json index 5389a4aa..5636090f 100644 --- a/south-asia/pk.json +++ b/south-asia/pk.json @@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ "text": "202,000 sq km (2012)" }, "Major rivers (by length in km)": { - "text": "Indus (shared with India and China) - 3,610 km; Sutlej (shared with India) - 1,372 km; Chenab (shared with India) - 1,086 km" + "text": "Indus river mouth (shared with China [s] and India) - 3,610 km; Sutlej river mouth (shared with China [s] and India) - 1,372 km; Chenab river mouth (shared with India [s]) - 1,086 kmPakistan’s telecom market recently transitioned from a regulated state-owned monopoly to a deregulated competitive structure, now aided by foreign investment; moderate growth over the last six years, supported by a young population and a rising use of mobile services; telecom infrastructure is improving, with investments in mobile-cellular networks, fixed-line subscriptions declining; system consists of microwave radio relay, coaxial cable, fiber-optic cable, cellular, and satellite networks; 4G mobile services broadly available; 5G tests ongoing; data centers in major cities; mobile and broadband doing well and dominate over fixed-broadband sector; China-Pakistan Fiber Optic Project became operational in 2020; partner to Chinese Economic Corridor project; importer of broadcasting equipment and computers from China (2021)
(2020)" + "text": "Pakistan’s telecom market recently transitioned from a regulated state-owned monopoly to a deregulated competitive structure, now aided by foreign investment; moderate growth over the last six years, supported by a young population and a rising use of mobile services; telecom infrastructure is improving, with investments in mobile-cellular networks, fixed-line subscriptions declining; system consists of microwave radio relay, coaxial cable, fiber-optic cable, cellular, and satellite networks; 4G mobile services broadly available; 5G tests ongoing; data centers in major cities; mobile and broadband doing well and dominate over fixed-broadband sector; China-Pakistan Fiber Optic Project became operational in 2020; partner to Chinese Economic Corridor project; importer of broadcasting equipment and computers from China (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "mobile-cellular subscribership has skyrocketed; more than 90% of Pakistanis live within areas that have cell phone coverage; fiber-optic networks are being constructed throughout the country to increase broadband access, though broadband penetration in Pakistan is still relatively low; fixed-line 1 per 100 and mobile-cellular 76 per 100 persons (2019)" @@ -1069,10 +1069,10 @@ }, "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": { "total": { - "text": "1,760,870" + "text": "2,423,057 (2020)" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { - "text": "1 (2018 est.)" + "text": "1.1 (2020 est.)" } } }, @@ -1169,7 +1169,7 @@ "text": "57" }, "by type": { - "text": "bulk carrier 5, oil tanker 7, other 45 (2020)" + "text": "bulk carrier 5, oil tanker 7, other 45 (2021)" } }, "Ports and terminals": { diff --git a/world/xx.json b/world/xx.json index 580d63bf..381dcb82 100644 --- a/world/xx.json +++ b/world/xx.json @@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ "text": "top ten largest natural lakes: Caspian Sea (Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Russia, Turkmenistan) 374,000 sq km; Lake Superior (Canada, United States) 82,100 sq km; Lake Victoria (Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda) 62,940 sq km; Lake Huron (Canada, United States) 59,600 sq km; Lake Michigan (United States) 57,750 sq km; Lake Tanganyika (Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Tanzania, Zambia) 32,000 sq km; Great Bear Lake (Canada) 31,328 sq km; Lake Baikal (Russia) 31,500 sq km; Lake Malawi (Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania) 22,490 sq km; Great Slave Lake (Canada) 28,568 sq km