apunkt/factbook.json
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4
africa/ag.json
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@ -541,7 +541,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in two rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister nominated by the president after consultation with the majority party in Parliament"
},
"most recent election date": {
@ -1189,7 +1189,7 @@
"text": "none; note - in 1947, Algeria began hosting a French military rocket test site, which was the continent of Africa's first rocket launch site; it was called the Centre Interarmées d’Essais d’Engins Spéciaux (CIEES or Interarmy Special Vehicles Test Center) and was in service until 1967"
},
"Space program overview": {
"text": "has a national space policy and a national space research program with stated goals of supporting internal development, managing resource usage, mastering space technology, and reinforcing national sovereignty; builds and operates communications and remote sensing (RS) satellites; researching and developing a range of space-related capabilities, including satellites and satellite payloads, communications, RS, instrumentation, satellite image processing, and geo-spatial information; has bilateral relationships with a variety of foreign space agencies and industries, including those of Argentina, China, France, Germany, India, Russia, Ukraine, and the UK; also a member of the Arab Space Coordination Group, established by the UAE in 2019 (2024)",
"text": "has a national space policy and space research program with stated goals of supporting internal development, managing resources, mastering space technology, and reinforcing national sovereignty; builds and operates communications and remote sensing (RS) satellites; researching and developing a range of space-related capabilities, including satellites and satellite payloads, communications, RS, instrumentation, satellite image processing, and geo-spatial information; has bilateral relationships with a variety of foreign space agencies and industries, including those of Argentina, China, France, Germany, India, Russia, Ukraine, and the UK; also a member of the Arab Space Coordination Group (2024)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> further details about the key activities, programs, and milestones of the country’s space program, as well as government spending estimates on the space sector, appear in the Space Programs reference guide"
}
},

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africa/ao.json
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@ -538,7 +538,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "the candidate of the winning party or coalition in the last legislative election becomes the president; president serves a 5-year term (eligible for a second consecutive or discontinuous term)"
},
"most recent election date": {
@ -1163,7 +1163,7 @@
"text": "National Space Program Office (Gabinete de Gest&atilde;o do Programa Espacial Nacional, GGPEN; established 2013) (2024)"
},
"Space program overview": {
"text": "has a national space strategy with a focus on capacity building, developing space infrastructure, investing in domestic space sector, supporting socioeconomic growth, and establishing cooperation agreements with foreign technical and scientific institutions in the space industry; contracts with foreign companies to build and launch satellites; operates satellites; cooperates with a variety of foreign space agencies and industries, including those of France, Russia, and the US (2024)",
"text": "has a national space strategy with a focus on capacity-building, developing space infrastructure, investing in domestic space sector, supporting socioeconomic growth, and establishing cooperation agreements with foreign technical and scientific institutions in the space industry; contracts with foreign companies to build and launch satellites; operates satellites; cooperates with a variety of foreign space agencies and industries, including those of France, Russia, and the US (2024)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> further details about the key activities, programs, and milestones of the country’s space program, as well as government spending estimates on the space sector, appear in the Space Programs reference guide"
}
},

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africa/bc.json
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@ -539,7 +539,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet appointed by the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president indirectly elected by the National Assembly for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); vice president appointed by the president"
},
"most recent election date": {

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africa/bn.json
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@ -550,7 +550,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term)"
},
"most recent election date": {

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africa/by.json
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@ -551,7 +551,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Council of Ministers appointed by president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 7-year term (eligible for a second term); vice presidents nominated by the president, endorsed by Parliament"
},
"most recent election date": {
@ -577,7 +577,7 @@
"text": "National Assembly (Inama Nshingamateka)"
},
"number of seats": {
"text": "123 (all directly elected)"
"text": "111 (all directly elected)"
},
"electoral system": {
"text": "proportional representation"
@ -595,7 +595,7 @@
"text": "National Council for the Defense of Democracy - Front for the Defense of Democracy (CNDD-FDD) (86); National Congress for Liberty (CNL) (32); Other (5)"
},
"percentage of women in chamber": {
"text": "38.2%"
"text": "39.6%"
},
"expected date of next election": {
"text": "June 2025"

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africa/cd.json
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@ -555,7 +555,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Council of Ministers"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (no term limits)"
},
"most recent election date": {

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africa/cf.json
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@ -561,7 +561,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for 2 additional terms)"
},
"most recent election date": {

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africa/cg.json
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@ -578,7 +578,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Ministers of State appointed by the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president directly elected by simple majority vote for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister appointed by the president"
},
"most recent election date": {

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africa/cm.json
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@ -568,7 +568,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet proposed by the prime minister, appointed by the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president directly elected by simple-majority popular vote for a 7-year term (no term limits); prime minister appointed by the president"
},
"most recent election date": {
@ -615,7 +615,7 @@
"text": "33.9%"
},
"expected date of next election": {
"text": "March 2026"
"text": "February 2026"
}
},
"Legislative branch - upper chamber": {

2
africa/cn.json
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@ -524,7 +524,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term"
},
"most recent election date": {

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africa/ct.json
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@ -534,7 +534,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "current president was directly elected for 5-year term; constitutional referendum in July 2023 removed term limits and instituted 7-year terms"
},
"most recent election date": {

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africa/cv.json
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@ -523,7 +523,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister nominated by the National Assembly and appointed by the president"
},
"most recent election date": {

2
africa/dj.json
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@ -530,7 +530,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term; prime minister appointed by the president"
},
"most recent election date": {

4
africa/eg.json
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@ -578,7 +578,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet ministers nominated by the executive branch and approved by the House of Representatives"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 6-year term (eligible for 3 consecutive terms); prime minister appointed by the president, approved by the House of Representatives"
},
"most recent election date": {
@ -1270,7 +1270,7 @@
"text": "Egyptian Space Agency (EgSA; public economic authority established 2019); National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Science (NARSS; formed in 1994 from the Remote Sensing Center, which was established in 1971) (2024)"
},
"Space program overview": {
"text": "has a growing program with a focus on developing the capabilities to manufacture satellites and associated support infrastructure; seeks to become a regional space power; operates satellites; builds satellites jointly with foreign partners but developing localized satellite manufacturing capabilities; acquiring through technology transfers and domestic development programs other space-related technologies, including those related to communications, Earth imaging/remote sensing (RS), and satellite payloads and components; cooperating on space-related issues with a variety of foreign governments and commercial space companies, including those of Belarus, Canada, China, the European Space Agency and its member states (particularly France, Germany, Italy), Ghana, India, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Nigeria, Russia, South Africa, Sudan, Uganda, Ukraine, the UAE, and the US; also a member of the Arab Space Coordination Group, established by the UAE in 2019; has a commercial space sector that focuses on satellite communications, satellite design and production, RS, and space applications (2024)",
"text": "has a growing program to manufacture satellites and associated support infrastructure; seeks to become a regional space power; operates satellites; builds satellites jointly with foreign partners but developing localized satellite manufacturing capabilities; acquiring other space-related technologies through transfers and domestic development, including on communications, Earth imaging/remote sensing (RS), and satellite payloads and components; cooperating on space-related issues with a variety of foreign governments and commercial space companies, including those of Belarus, Canada, China, the European Space Agency and its member states (particularly France, Germany, Italy), Ghana, India, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Nigeria, Russia, South Africa, Sudan, Uganda, Ukraine, the UAE, and the US; also a member of the Arab Space Coordination Group; has a commercial space sector that focuses on satellite communications, satellite design and production, RS, and space applications (2024)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> further details about the key activities, programs, and milestones of the country’s space program, as well as government spending estimates on the space sector, appear in the Space Programs reference guide"
}
},

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africa/ek.json
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@ -484,12 +484,12 @@
"text": "President OBIANG Nguema Mbasogo (since 3 August 1979)"
},
"head of government": {
"text": "Prime Minister Manuela ROKA Botey (since 1 February 2023)"
"text": "Prime Minister Manuel Osa Nsue Nsua (since 17 August 2024)"
},
"cabinet": {
"text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president and overseen by the prime minister"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president directly elected by simple-majority popular vote for a 7-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister and deputy prime ministers appointed by the president"
},
"most recent election date": {

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africa/er.json
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@ -511,7 +511,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "State Council appointed by the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president indirectly elected by the National Assembly for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term), according to the constitution"
},
"most recent election date": {

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africa/et.json
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@ -573,7 +573,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Council of Ministers selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president indirectly elected by both chambers of Parliament for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister designated by the majority party following legislative elections"
},
"most recent election date": {
@ -1203,7 +1203,7 @@
"text": "Ethiopian Space Science and Geospatial Institute (ESSGI; formed in 2022 from the joining of the Ethiopian Space Science and Technology Institute or ESSTI and the Ethiopian Geospatial Information Institute or EGII) (2024)"
},
"Space program overview": {
"text": "has a small space program with a focus on acquiring and operating satellites, as well as research and astronomy; jointly builds satellites with foreign partners and operates and exploits remote sensing (RS) satellites; developing the ability to manufacture satellites and their associated payloads; involved in astronomy and in the construction of space observatories; cooperates on space-related issues with a variety of countries, including China, France, India, Russia, and multiple African countries, particularly Kenya, Rwanda, Sudan, Tanzania, and Uganda; shares RS data with neighboring countries (2024)",
"text": "has a small space program to acquire and operate satellites, as well as conduct research; jointly builds satellites with foreign partners and operates and exploits remote sensing (RS) satellites; developing the ability to manufacture satellites and their associated payloads; involved in astronomy and in the construction of space observatories; cooperates on space-related issues with a variety of countries, including China, France, India, Russia, and multiple African countries, particularly Kenya, Rwanda, Sudan, Tanzania, and Uganda; shares RS data with neighboring countries (2024)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> further details about the key activities, programs, and milestones of the country’s space program, as well as government spending estimates on the space sector, appear in the Space Programs reference guide"
}
},

2
africa/ga.json
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@ -535,7 +535,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet appointed by the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president directly elected by simple-majority popular vote for a 5-year term (no term limits); vice president appointed by the president"
},
"most recent election date": {

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africa/gb.json
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@ -522,7 +522,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "cabinet appointed by president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "the president directly elected by plurality vote to a 7-year term (no term limits)"
},
"most recent election date": {
@ -557,7 +557,7 @@
"text": "25.5%"
},
"expected date of next election": {
"text": "August 2025"
"text": "September 2025"
}
},
"Legislative branch - upper chamber": {

2
africa/gh.json
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@ -548,7 +548,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Council of Ministers; nominated by the president, approved by Parliament"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); the president is both chief of state and head of government"
},
"most recent election date": {

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africa/gv.json
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@ -537,7 +537,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "formerly the Council of Ministers appointed by the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "formerly, the president was directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term), and the prime minister was appointed by the president"
},
"most recent election date": {
@ -1115,7 +1115,7 @@
"text": "18 years of age for voluntary and selective conscripted service; 9-12 months of service (2023)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the Guinean military is responsible for territorial defense, but also has some domestic security responsibilities and has historically been involved in suppressing public protests; in 2021 the Army&rsquo;s special forces led a military overthrow of the government; the military-led government has since been accused of cracking down on dissent, the media, and political opposition (2024)"
"text": "the Guinean military is responsible for territorial defense, but also has some domestic security responsibilities and has historically been involved in suppressing public protests; in 2021 the Army&rsquo;s special forces led a military overthrow of the government; the military-led government has since been accused of cracking down on dissent, the media, and political opposition (2025)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

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africa/iv.json
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@ -564,7 +564,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a single renewable 5-year term; vice president elected on same ballot as president; prime minister appointed by the president"
},
"most recent election date": {
@ -1212,7 +1212,7 @@
"text": "Space Agency of C&ocirc;te d&rsquo;Ivoire (ASCI; established June 2025) (2025)"
},
"Space program overview": {
"text": "has as small, nascent program focused on acquiring a remote sensing (RS) satellite for purposes detecting illegal gold mining, facilitating access to drinking water, mapping deforestation, and national security issues; new space agency's responsibilities also include advancing the utilization of space-based technologies for sustainable development, promoting domestic expertise, and supporting scientific research (2025)",
"text": "has a small, nascent program focused on acquiring a remote sensing (RS) satellite for detecting illegal gold mining, facilitating access to drinking water, mapping deforestation, and national security issues; new space agency's responsibilities also include advancing the use of space-based technologies for sustainable development, promoting domestic expertise, and supporting scientific research (2025)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> further details about the key activities, programs, and milestones of the country’s space program, as well as government spending estimates on the space sector, appear in the Space Programs reference guide"
}
},

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africa/ke.json
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@ -566,7 +566,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet appointed by the president, subject to confirmation by the National Assembly"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president and deputy president directly elected on the same ballot by majority vote nationwide and at least 25% of the votes cast in at least 24 of the 47 counties; failure to meet these thresholds requires a runoff between the top two candidates"
},
"most recent election date": {

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africa/li.json
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@ -521,7 +521,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet appointed by the president, confirmed by the Senate"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term)"
},
"most recent election date": {

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africa/lt.json
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@ -539,7 +539,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "consists of the prime minister (appointed by the King on the advice of the Council of State), the deputy prime minister, and 18 other ministers; the prime minister is the leader of the majority party or majority coalition in the National Assembly"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary but has no executive or legislative powers under the constitution; under traditional law, the College of Chiefs has the power to depose the monarch, determine next in line of succession, or serve as regent in the event that a successor is not of mature age"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> King LETSIE III previously occupied the throne from November 1990 to February 1995 while his father was in exile"

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africa/ly.json
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@ -497,7 +497,7 @@
"head of government": {
"text": "GNU Interim Prime Minister Abd-al-Hamid DUBAYBAH (since 5 February 2021)"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "first direct presidential election was not held as planned"
},
"most recent election date": {

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africa/ma.json
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@ -536,7 +536,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister nominated by the National Assembly, appointed by the president"
},
"most recent election date": {

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africa/mi.json
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@ -556,7 +556,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet named by the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president directly elected by simple-majority popular vote for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term)"
},
"most recent election date": {

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africa/ml.json
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@ -557,7 +557,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister appointed by the president"
},
"most recent election date": {

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africa/mo.json
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@ -581,7 +581,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Council of Ministers chosen by the prime minister in consultation with Parliament and appointed by the monarch; the monarch chooses the ministers of Interior, Foreign Affairs, Islamic Affairs, and National Defense Administration"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; monarch appoints the prime minister from the majority party following legislative elections"
}
},

2
africa/mp.json
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@ -515,7 +515,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet of Ministers (Council of Ministers) appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president and vice president indirectly elected by the National Assembly for 5-year renewable terms; the president appoints the prime minister and deputy prime minister who have the majority support in the National Assembly"
},
"most recent election date": {

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africa/mr.json
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@ -565,7 +565,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Council of Ministers nominees suggested by the prime minister, appointed by the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister appointed by the president"
},
"most recent election date": {

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africa/mz.json
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@ -563,7 +563,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet appointed by the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president elected directly by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for 2 consecutive terms); election last held on 9 October 2024 (next to be held by October 2029); prime minister appointed by the president"
},
"most recent election date": {

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africa/ng.json
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@ -554,7 +554,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet appointed by the CNSP"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "the CNSP rules by decree; previously, the president was directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister was appointed by the president, authorized by the National Assembly"
},
"most recent election date": {
@ -587,6 +587,9 @@
"most recent election date": {
"text": "5/1/2025"
},
"percentage of women in chamber": {
"text": "19.6%"
},
"note": "<strong>Note:</strong> on 26 July 2023, the National Council for the Safeguard of the Homeland, a military junta which took control of Niger's government, dissolved the National Assembly; a commission recommended to the junta in February 2025 a minimum of a five-year transition to democratic rule"
},
"Judicial branch": {

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africa/ni.json
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@ -545,7 +545,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Federal Executive Council appointed by the president but constitutionally required to include at least one member from each of the 36 states"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president directly elected by qualified-majority popular vote with at least 25% of the votes cast in 24 of Nigeria's 36 states; president elected for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term)"
},
"most recent election date": {

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africa/od.json
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@ -469,7 +469,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "National Council of Ministers appointed by the president, approved by the Transitional National Legislative Assembly"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president directly elected by simple-majority popular vote for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term)"
},
"most recent election date": {

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africa/pu.json
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@ -518,7 +518,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet nominated by the prime minister, appointed by the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for up to 2 consecutive 5-year terms; prime minister appointed by the president after consultation with party leaders in the National People's Assembly"
},
"most recent election date": {
@ -1063,7 +1063,7 @@
"text": "18-25 years of age for selective compulsory military service for men and women (Air Force service is voluntary); 16 years of age or younger, with parental consent, for voluntary service (2023)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the Armed Forces (FARP) are focused on external security, but also have some internal security duties; the FARP has been influential in the country’s politics since independence was gained in 1974, having staged at least nine coup attempts as well as several mutinies; FARP members were suspected of coup plotting as recently as 2021, and it put down an attempted coup in 2022, while the National Guard attempted a coup in December 2023; since the 2000s, the FARP has undergone various attempts at defense and security sector reforms under the auspices of the African Union, the EU, the Economic Community of West Africa (ECOWAS), and the UN <br><br>from 2012-2020, ECOWAS deployed a security force to Guinea-Bissau to manage the post-coup transition, including protecting key political figures and public buildings, restoring civil institutions, and re-establishing the rule of law; the ECOWAS mission withdrew at the end of 2020, but returned in mid-2022 after the attempted coup in February 2022 (2024)"
"text": "the Armed Forces (FARP) are focused on external security, but also has some internal security duties; the FARP and the paramilitary National Guard have been influential in the country&rsquo;s politics since independence and have attempted several coups; FARP members were suspected of coup plotting as recently as 2021, and it put down an attempted coup in 2022, while the National Guard attempted a coup in December 2023; since the 2000s, the FARP has undergone various attempts at defense and security sector reforms under the auspices of the African Union, the EU, the Economic Community of West Africa (ECOWAS), and the UN (2025)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

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africa/rw.json
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@ -557,7 +557,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president directly elected by simple-majority popular vote for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister appointed by the president"
},
"most recent election date": {
@ -1156,7 +1156,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> Rwanda reportedly has several thousand military troops deployed in the Democratic Republic of the Congo"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>the RDF is widely regarded as one of East Africa’s best trained and most experienced militaries; its principle responsibilities are ensuring territorial integrity and national sovereignty and preventing infiltrations of illegal armed groups from neighboring countries, particularly the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC); since 2021, Rwanda has deployed troops to the border region with the DRC to combat the rebel Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR), which it has accused the DRC of backing; the RDF has been accused by the DRC, the UN, and the US of making incursions into the DRC and providing material support to the March 23 Movement (M23, aka Congolese Revolutionary Army) rebel group, which has been fighting with DRC troops and UN peacekeeping forces; the RDF also participates in UN and regional military operations, as well as multinational exercises</p> the Rwandan Armed Forces (FAR) were established following independence in 1962; after the 1990-1994 civil war and genocide, the victorious Tutsi-dominated Rwandan Patriotic Front's military wing, the Rwandan Patriotic Army (RPA), became the country's military force; the RPA participated in the First (1996-1997) and Second (1998-2003) Congolese Wars; the RPA was renamed the Rwanda Defense Force (RDF) in 2003, by which time it had assumed a more national character with the inclusion of many former Hutu officers as well as newly recruited soldiers (2024)"
"text": "<p>the RDF is widely regarded as one of East Africa’s best trained and most experienced militaries; its principle responsibilities are ensuring territorial integrity and national sovereignty and preventing infiltrations of illegal armed groups from neighboring countries, particularly the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC); since 2021, Rwanda has deployed troops to the border region with the DRC to combat the rebel Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR), which it has accused the DRC of backing; the RDF has been accused by the DRC, the UN, and the US of making military incursions into the DRC and providing material support to the March 23 Movement (M23, aka Congolese Revolutionary Army) rebel group, which has been fighting with DRC troops and UN peacekeeping forces; the RDF also participates in UN and regional military operations, as well as multinational exercises</p> the Rwandan Armed Forces (FAR) were established following independence in 1962; after the 1990-1994 civil war and genocide, the victorious Tutsi-dominated Rwandan Patriotic Front's military wing, the Rwandan Patriotic Army (RPA), became the country's military force; the RPA participated in the First (1996-1997) and Second (1998-2003) Congolese Wars; the RPA was renamed the Rwanda Defense Force (RDF) in 2003, by which time it had assumed a more national character with the inclusion of many former Hutu officers as well as newly recruited soldiers (2024)"
}
},
"Space": {

2
africa/se.json
View file

@ -514,7 +514,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term)"
},
"most recent election date": {

4
africa/sf.json
View file

@ -564,7 +564,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet appointed by the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president indirectly elected by the National Assembly for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term)"
},
"most recent election date": {
@ -606,7 +606,7 @@
"text": "5/29/2024"
},
"percentage of women in chamber": {
"text": "44.7%"
"text": "44.5%"
},
"expected date of next election": {
"text": "May 2029"

2
africa/sg.json
View file

@ -559,7 +559,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a single, renewable 5-year term"
},
"most recent election date": {

2
africa/sh.json
View file

@ -384,7 +384,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Executive Council consists of the governor, 3 ex-officio officers, and 5 elected members of the Legislative Council"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "none; the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the constitution order provides for an administrator for Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, appointed by the governor"

2
africa/sl.json
View file

@ -530,7 +530,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Ministers of State appointed by the president, approved by Parliament; the cabinet is responsible to the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president directly elected by 55% in the first round or absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term)"
},
"most recent election date": {

2
africa/so.json
View file

@ -501,7 +501,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet appointed by the prime minister, approved by the House of the People"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president indirectly elected by the Federal Parliament by two-thirds majority vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a single 4-year term; prime minister appointed by the president, approved by the House of the People"
},
"most recent election date": {

2
africa/su.json
View file

@ -527,7 +527,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "the military forced most members of the Council of Ministers out of office in 2021; a handful of ministers appointed by former armed opposition groups were allowed to retain their posts; at present, most of the members of the Council are appointed senior civil servants serving in an acting-minister capacity"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "military members of the Sovereign Council are selected by the leadership of the security forces; representatives of former armed groups to the Sovereign Council are selected by the signatories of the Juba Peace Agreement"
},
"election results": {

2
africa/to.json
View file

@ -548,7 +548,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the advice of the president of the council of ministers"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president is appointed by the national assembly for one six-year term; the president of the council of ministers is the leader of the majority party in the national assembly and is confirmed by the Constitutional Court with no term limits"
},
"election results": {

2
africa/tp.json
View file

@ -528,7 +528,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Council of Ministers proposed by the prime minister, appointed by the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister chosen by the National Assembly and approved by the president"
},
"most recent election date": {

2
africa/ts.json
View file

@ -549,7 +549,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "prime minister appointed by the president; cabinet members appointed by the president in consultation with the prime minister"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term)"
},
"most recent election date": {

2
africa/tz.json
View file

@ -578,7 +578,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet appointed by the president from among members of the National Assembly"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by simple majority popular vote for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister appointed by the president"
},
"most recent election date": {

2
africa/ug.json
View file

@ -532,7 +532,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet appointed by the president from among elected members of Parliament or persons who qualify to be elected as members of Parliament"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (no term limits)"
},
"most recent election date": {

2
africa/uv.json
View file

@ -548,7 +548,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "prior to the 2022 coups and ad hoc suspension of laws and constitutional provisions, Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "prior to the 2022 coups and ad hoc suspension of laws and constitutional provisions, president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister appointed by the president with consent of the National Assembly"
},
"most recent election date": {

2
africa/wa.json
View file

@ -537,7 +537,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet appointed by the president from among members of the National Assembly"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term)"
},
"most recent election date": {

2
africa/wz.json
View file

@ -521,7 +521,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet recommended by the prime minister, confirmed by the monarch; at least one-half of the cabinet membership must be appointed from among elected members of the House of Assembly"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; prime minister appointed by the monarch from among members of the House of Assembly"
}
},

2
africa/za.json
View file

@ -539,7 +539,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet appointed by president from among members of the National Assembly"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term)"
},
"most recent election date": {

2
africa/zi.json
View file

@ -546,7 +546,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet appointed by president, responsible to National Assembly"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "each presidential candidate nominated with a nomination paper signed by at least 10 registered voters (at least 1 candidate from each province) and directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (no term limits); co-vice presidents drawn from party leadership"
},
"most recent election date": {

2
australia-oceania/aq.json
View file

@ -381,7 +381,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet consists of 12 department directors appointed by the governor with the consent of the Legislature or Fono"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president and vice president indirectly elected on the same ballot by an Electoral College of 'electors' chosen from each state to serve a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); under the US Constitution, residents of unincorporated territories such as American Samoa do not vote in elections for US president and vice president; however, they may vote in Democratic and Republican presidential primary elections; governor and lieutenant governor directly elected on the same ballot by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term)"
},
"most recent election date": {

19
australia-oceania/as.json
View file

@ -570,7 +570,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet nominated by the prime minister from among members of Parliament and sworn in by the governor general"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch on the recommendation of the prime minister; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition is sworn in as prime minister by the governor general"
}
},
@ -601,8 +601,11 @@
"most recent election date": {
"text": "5/3/2025"
},
"parties elected and seats per party": {
"text": "ALP (94); Liberal National coalition (43); the Greens (1); KAP (1); Independents (10)"
},
"percentage of women in chamber": {
"text": "39.1%"
"text": "45.7%"
},
"expected date of next election": {
"text": "May 2028"
@ -627,6 +630,9 @@
"most recent election date": {
"text": "5/3/2025"
},
"parties elected and seats per party": {
"text": "ALP (16); Liberal (6); the Greens (6); Liberals/Nationals (4); One Nation (3); Liberal National Party of Queensland (2); others (3)"
},
"percentage of women in chamber": {
"text": "56.6%"
},
@ -646,7 +652,7 @@
}
},
"Political parties": {
"text": "Australian Greens Party or The Greens <br>Australian Labor Party or ALP <br>Centre Alliance (formerly known as the Nick Xenophon Team or NXT)<br>Jacqui Lambie Network or JLN <br>Katter's Australian Party <br>Liberal Party of Australia <br>The Nationals <br>One Nation or ONP <br>United Australia Party ",
"text": "Australian Greens Party or The Greens <br>Australian Labor Party or ALP <br>Centre Alliance (formerly known as the Nick Xenophon Team or NXT)<br>Jacqui Lambie Network or JLN <br>Katter's Australian Party (KAP)<br>Liberal Party of Australia <br>Liberal National Party of Queensland <br>The Nationals <br>One Nation or ONP <br>United Australia Party",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the Labor Party is Australia’s oldest political party, established federally in 1901; the present Liberal Party was formed in 1944; the Country Party was formed in 1920, renamed the National Country Party in 1975, the National Party of Australia in 1982, and since 2003 has been known as the Nationals; since the general election of 1949, the Liberal Party and the Nationals (under various names) when forming government have done so as a coalition"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
@ -724,11 +730,12 @@
},
"National heritage": {
"total World Heritage Sites": {
"text": "20 (4 cultural, 12 natural, 4 mixed); note - includes one site on Heard Island and McDonald Islands"
"text": "20 (4 cultural, 12 natural, 4 mixed)"
},
"selected World Heritage Site locales": {
"text": "Great Barrier Reef (n); Greater Blue Mountains Area (n); Fraser Island (n); Gondwana Rainforests (n); Lord Howe Island Group (n); Royal Exhibition Building and Carlton Gardens (c); Shark Bay (n); Sydney Opera House (c); Uluṟu-Kata Tjuṯa National Park (m); Kakadu National Park (m)"
}
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> includes one site on Heard Island and McDonald Islands"
}
},
"Economy": {
@ -1241,7 +1248,7 @@
"text": "Whalers Way Orbital Launch Complex (commercial site, South Australia); Arnhem Space Center (commercial site, Northern Territory) (2024)"
},
"Space program overview": {
"text": "has a long history of involvement in space-related activities, including astronomy, rockets, satellites, and space tracking; develops, builds, operates, and tracks satellites, including communications, remote sensing (RS), navigational, and scientific/testing/research, often in partnership with other countries; develops other space technologies, including communications, RS capabilities, and telescopes; encouraging growth in domestic commercial space industry sector; cooperates with a variety of foreign space agencies and industries, including those of China, the European Space Agency/EU and their individual member states, India, Japan, New Zealand, South Korea, the UK, and the US; co-leads the Global Earth Observation System of Systems (2024)",
"text": "has a long history of involvement in space-related activities, including astronomy, rockets, satellites, and space tracking; develops, builds, operates, and tracks satellites, including communications, remote sensing (RS), navigational, and scientific/testing/research, often in partnership with other countries; develops other space technologies, including communications, RS capabilities, and telescopes; encouraging growth in domestic commercial space-industry sector; cooperates with a variety of foreign space agencies and industries, including those of China, the European Space Agency (ESA), individual ESA member states, India, Japan, New Zealand, South Korea, the UK, and the US; co-leads the Global Earth Observation System of Systems (2024)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> further details about the key activities, programs, and milestones of the country’s space program, as well as government spending estimates on the space sector, appear in the Space Programs reference guide"
}
},

2
australia-oceania/bp.json
View file

@ -508,7 +508,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch on the advice of the National Parliament for up to 5 years (eligible for a second term); following legislative elections, the National Parliament usually elects the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as prime minister; deputy prime minister appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister"
}
},

2
australia-oceania/ck.json
View file

@ -218,7 +218,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "NA"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch on the recommendation of the Australian prime minister; administrator appointed by the governor-general for a 2-year term and represents the monarch and Australia"
}
},

2
australia-oceania/cq.json
View file

@ -401,7 +401,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet appointed by the governor with the advice and consent of the Senate"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president and vice president indirectly elected on the same ballot by an Electoral College of electors chosen from each state; president and vice president serve a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); under the US Constitution, residents of the Northern Mariana Islands do not vote in elections for US president and vice president; however, they may vote in Democratic and Republican party presidential primary elections; governor directly elected by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds, if needed"
},
"most recent election date": {

2
australia-oceania/cw.json
View file

@ -470,7 +470,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet chosen by the prime minister"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; UK representative appointed by the monarch; New Zealand high commissioner appointed by the New Zealand Government; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually becomes prime minister"
}
},

2
australia-oceania/fj.json
View file

@ -525,7 +525,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet appointed by the prime minister from among members of Parliament and is responsible to Parliament"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president elected by Parliament for a 3-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister endorsed by the president"
},
"most recent election date": {

2
australia-oceania/fm.json
View file

@ -469,7 +469,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet includes the vice president and the heads of the 8 executive departments"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president and vice president indirectly elected by Congress from among the 4 'at large' senators for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term)"
},
"most recent election date": {

2
australia-oceania/fp.json
View file

@ -421,7 +421,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Council of Ministers approved by the Assembly from a list of its members submitted by the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "French president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); high commissioner appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; French Polynesia president indirectly elected by Assembly of French Polynesia for a 5-year term (no term limits)"
}
},

2
australia-oceania/gq.json
View file

@ -403,7 +403,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet appointed by the governor with the consent of the Legislature"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president and vice president indirectly elected on the same ballot by an Electoral College of electors chosen from each state to serve a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); under the US Constitution, residents of unincorporated territories, such as Guam, do not vote in elections for US president and vice president, but they can vote in Democratic and Republican presidential primary elections; governor and lieutenant governor elected on the same ballot by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 4-year term (eligible for 2 consecutive terms)"
},
"most recent election date": {

2
australia-oceania/kr.json
View file

@ -515,7 +515,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet appointed by the president from among House of Assembly members"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president directly elected for a 4-year term (eligible for 2 additional terms) by simple-majority popular vote, after candidates are nominated from among House of Assembly members; vice president appointed by the president"
},
"most recent election date": {

2
australia-oceania/kt.json
View file

@ -214,7 +214,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "NA"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch on the recommendation of the Australian prime minister; administrator appointed by the governor-general of Australia for a 2-year term and represents the monarch and Australia"
}
},

2
australia-oceania/nc.json
View file

@ -411,7 +411,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet elected from and by the Territorial Congress"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "French president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); high commissioner appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of New Caledonia elected by Territorial Congress for a 5-year term (no term limits)"
},
"most recent election date": {

2
australia-oceania/ne.json
View file

@ -326,7 +326,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet chosen by the prime minister"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; prime minister indirectly elected by the Legislative Assembly for a 3-year term"
},
"most recent election date": {

2
australia-oceania/nf.json
View file

@ -225,7 +225,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Executive Council consists of 4 Legislative Assembly members"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia for a 2-year term and represents the monarch and Australia"
}
},

4
australia-oceania/nh.json
View file

@ -501,7 +501,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister, responsible to Parliament"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president indirectly elected by an electoral college consisting of Parliament and presidents of the 6 provinces; national president serves a 5-year term; following legislative elections, the Parliament usually elects the leader of the majority party or majority coalition (who must also be a member of Parliament) as prime minister"
},
"most recent election date": {
@ -577,7 +577,7 @@
"email address and website": {
"text": "<br>vanunmis@aol.com<br><br>https://www.un.int/vanuatu/"
},
"note": "note - the Vanuatu Permanent Mission to the UN serves as the embassy"
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the Vanuatu Permanent Mission to the UN serves as the embassy"
},
"Diplomatic representation from the US": {
"chief of mission": {

2
australia-oceania/nr.json
View file

@ -464,7 +464,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet appointed by the president from among members of Parliament"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president indirectly elected by Parliament for 3-year term (eligible for a second term)"
},
"most recent election date": {

2
australia-oceania/nz.json
View file

@ -544,7 +544,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Executive Council appointed by the governor-general on the recommendation of the prime minister"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor-general appointed by the monarch on the advice of the prime minister; following legislative elections, the governor-general appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as prime minister; deputy prime minister also appointed by the governor-general"
}
},

2
australia-oceania/pc.json
View file

@ -194,7 +194,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "none"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor and commissioner appointed by the monarch; island mayor directly elected by majority popular vote for a 3-year term"
},
"most recent election date": {

2
australia-oceania/ps.json
View file

@ -484,7 +484,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet appointed by the president with the advice and consent of the Senate; also includes the vice president; the Council of Chiefs consists of chiefs from each of the states who advise the president on issues concerning traditional laws, customs, and their relationship to the constitution and laws"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president and vice president directly elected on separate ballots by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term)"
},
"most recent election date": {

2
australia-oceania/rm.json
View file

@ -503,7 +503,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet nominated by the president from among members of the Nitijela, appointed by Nitijela speaker"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president indirectly elected by the Nitijela from among its members for a 4-year term (no term limits)"
},
"most recent election date": {

2
australia-oceania/tl.json
View file

@ -284,7 +284,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Council for the Ongoing Government of Tokelau (or Tokelau Council) functions as a cabinet; consists of 3 village leaders (Faipule) and 3 village mayors (Pulenuku)"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch; administrator appointed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade in New Zealand; head of government chosen from the Council of Faipule to serve a 1-year term"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the meeting place of the Tokelau Council and the head of government position rotates annually among the three atolls; this tradition has given rise to the somewhat misleading description that the capital rotates yearly between the three atolls, but Tokelau has no capital"

2
australia-oceania/tn.json
View file

@ -522,7 +522,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet nominated by the prime minister and appointed by the monarch"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; prime minister and deputy prime minister indirectly elected by the Legislative Assembly and appointed by the monarch"
},
"most recent election date": {

4
australia-oceania/tv.json
View file

@ -510,7 +510,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet members selected by the prime minister"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch on recommendation of the prime minister and the parliament; prime minister and deputy prime minister elected by and from members of House of Assembly following parliamentary elections"
},
"election results": {
@ -579,7 +579,7 @@
"email address and website": {
"text": "<br>tuvalumission.un@gmail.com<br><br>tuvalu.unmission@gov.tv<br><br>https://www.un.int/tuvalu/about"
},
"note": "note - the Tuvalu Permanent Mission to the UN serves as the Embassy"
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the Tuvalu Permanent Mission to the UN serves as the Embassy"
},
"Diplomatic representation from the US": {
"embassy": {

2
australia-oceania/wf.json
View file

@ -387,7 +387,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Council of the Territory appointed by the administrator superior on the advice of the Territorial Assembly"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "French president elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); administrator superior appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of the Interior; the presidents of the Territorial Government and the Territorial Assembly elected by assembly members"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> there are 3 traditional kings with limited powers"

4
australia-oceania/ws.json
View file

@ -507,7 +507,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet appointed by the chief of state on the advice of the prime minister"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "chief of state indirectly elected by the Legislative Assembly to serve a 5-year term (2-term limit); following legislative elections, the chief of state usually appoints the leader of the majority party as prime minister, with the approval of the Legislative Assembly"
},
"most recent election date": {
@ -549,7 +549,7 @@
"text": "13%"
},
"expected date of next election": {
"text": "March 2026"
"text": "August 2025"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {

2
central-america-n-caribbean/aa.json
View file

@ -426,7 +426,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Council of Ministers elected by the Legislature (Staten)"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch for a 6-year term; prime minister and deputy prime minister indirectly elected by the Staten for 4-year term"
},
"most recent election date": {

2
central-america-n-caribbean/ac.json
View file

@ -475,7 +475,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch on the advice of the prime minister; following legislative elections, the governor general usually appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as prime minister"
}
},

2
central-america-n-caribbean/av.json
View file

@ -375,7 +375,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Executive Council appointed by the governor from among elected members of the House of Assembly"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the governor usually appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as premier&nbsp;"
}
},

2
central-america-n-caribbean/bb.json
View file

@ -497,7 +497,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president elected by an electoral college of both Houses of Parliament for a 4-year renewable term; following legislative elections, the president usually appoints the leader of the majority party or leader of the majority coalition as prime minister; the prime minister recommends the deputy prime minister"
},
"most recent election date": {

2
central-america-n-caribbean/bf.json
View file

@ -462,7 +462,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet appointed by governor-general on recommendation of prime minister"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor-general appointed by the monarch on the advice of the prime minister; following legislative elections, the governor-general appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as prime minister; the prime minister recommends the deputy prime minister"
}
},

2
central-america-n-caribbean/bh.json
View file

@ -532,7 +532,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "governor general appoints Cabinet from among members of the National Assembly, on the advice of the prime minister&nbsp;"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor-general appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the governor-general; prime minister recommends the deputy prime minister"
}
},

2
central-america-n-caribbean/cj.json
View file

@ -400,7 +400,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet selected from the Parliament and appointed by the governor on the advice of the premier"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the governor appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as premier"
}
},

4
central-america-n-caribbean/cs.json
View file

@ -540,7 +540,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet selected by the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president and vice presidents directly elected on the same ballot by modified majority popular vote (40% threshold) for a 4-year term (eligible for non-consecutive terms)"
},
"most recent election date": {
@ -1157,7 +1157,7 @@
"text": "Costa Rican Space Agency (ACE; established 2021); ACE is a non-state, public entity subject to guidelines issued by the Ministry of Science, Technology, and Telecommunications (2024)"
},
"Space program overview": {
"text": "has a small, recently established program focused on promoting the use of space to develop the country’s economy and industry, including acquiring and utilizing satellites; has built a remote sensing (RS) cube satellite; has relations with the space agencies and commercial space industries of the US, members of the European Space Agency, and members of the Latin American and Caribbean Space Agency (2024)",
"text": "has a small, recently established program focused on using space to develop the country’s economy and industry, including acquiring and utilizing satellites; has built a remote sensing (RS) cube satellite; has relations with the space agencies and commercial space industries of the US, the European Space Agency, and the Latin American and Caribbean Space Agency (2024)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> further details about the key activities, programs, and milestones of the country’s space program, as well as government spending estimates on the space sector, appear in the Space Programs reference guide"
}
},

2
central-america-n-caribbean/cu.json
View file

@ -551,7 +551,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Council of Ministers proposed by the president and appointed by the National Assembly"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president and vice president indirectly elected by the National Assembly for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term)"
},
"most recent election date": {

2
central-america-n-caribbean/do.json
View file

@ -451,7 +451,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president nominated by the prime minister and leader of the opposition party and elected by the House of Assembly for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister appointed by the president"
},
"most recent election date": {

2
central-america-n-caribbean/dr.json
View file

@ -561,7 +561,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet nominated by the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 4-year term (eligible for a maximum of two consecutive terms)"
},
"most recent election date": {

2
central-america-n-caribbean/es.json
View file

@ -534,7 +534,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Council of Ministers selected by the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a single 5-year term"
},
"most recent election date": {

2
central-america-n-caribbean/gj.json
View file

@ -476,7 +476,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the governor general usually appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as prime minister"
}
},

2
central-america-n-caribbean/gt.json
View file

@ -551,7 +551,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 4-year term (not eligible for consecutive terms)"
},
"most recent election date": {

7
central-america-n-caribbean/ha.json
View file

@ -537,7 +537,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet chosen by the prime minister in consultation with the president; parliament must ratify the Cabinet and prime minister's governing policy"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a single non-consecutive term)"
},
"most recent election date": {
@ -611,9 +611,6 @@
"parties elected and seats per party": {
"text": "Haitian Tet Kale Party (PHTK) (9); Truth (Vérité) (3); Konvansyon Inite Demokratik (KID) (2); Bouclier (2); Ayiti an aksyon (AAA) (2); Other (10)"
},
"percentage of women in chamber": {
"text": "0%"
},
"expected date of next election": {
"text": "December 2025"
}
@ -1119,7 +1116,7 @@
"text": "men and women 18-25 may volunteer for the FAdH (2023)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "Haiti's military was disbanded in 1995 after it participated in multiple coups and was accused of other political interference and human rights violations; the military was reinstated by former President MOISE in 2017 after the UN ended its peacekeeping operation in Haiti; the reconstituted military established an Army command in 2018 and has received some training assistance from Argentina, Colombia, Ecuador, France, and Mexico; the military’s stated mission is to assist with natural disaster relief, border security, and combating transnational crime; in 2023, Prime Minister HENRY called upon the military to assist the National Police (PNH) in combating armed gangs, which have overwhelmed the PNH, killed hundreds of Haitians, and seized control of much of the capital Port-au-Prince since the assassination of President MOISE in 2021<br><br>in 2023, the UN Security Council approved the deployment of a Kenya-led multinational security support mission (MSS) to help bring gang violence under control; the first contingent of MSS personnel from the Kenya National Police Service arrived in mid-2024; other countries pledging forces included the Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Benin, Chad, and Jamaica; the mission is slated to have a total of 2,500 personnel (2024)"
"text": "Haiti's military was disbanded in 1995 after it participated in multiple coups and was accused of other political interference and human rights violations; the military was reinstated by former President MOISE in 2017 after the UN ended its peacekeeping operation in Haiti; the reconstituted military established an Army command in 2018 and has received some training assistance from Argentina, Colombia, Ecuador, France, and Mexico; the military’s stated mission is to assist with natural disaster relief, border security, and combating transnational crime; in 2023, Prime Minister HENRY called upon the military to assist the National Police (PNH) in combating armed gangs, which have overwhelmed the PNH, killed hundreds of Haitians, and seized control of swaths of territory, including much of the capital Port-au-Prince, since the assassination of President MOISE in 2021<br><br>in 2023, the UN Security Council approved the deployment of a Kenya-led multinational security support mission (MSS) to help bring gang violence under control; the first contingent of MSS personnel from the Kenya National Police Service arrived in mid-2024; other countries pledging forces included the Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Benin, Chad, and Jamaica; the mission is slated to have a total of 2,500 personnel (2025)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

4
central-america-n-caribbean/ho.json
View file

@ -554,7 +554,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet appointed by president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "president directly elected by simple-majority popular vote for a 4-year term"
},
"most recent election date": {
@ -1171,7 +1171,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>as of 2023, women made up about 9% of the active duty military"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the Honduran Armed Forces (FFAA) are responsible for maintaining the country’s territory, defending its sovereignty, providing emergency/humanitarian assistance, and supporting the National Police (PNH); the FFAA’s primary focus is internal and border security, and since 2011 a considerable portion of it has been deployed to support the PNH in combating narcotics trafficking and organized crime; military support to domestic security included the creation of the Military Police of Public Order (PMOP) in 2013 to provide security in areas controlled by street gangs to combat crime and make arrests; the PMOP also has sent personnel to reinforce security operations along the country’s border as part of a tri-national security task force with El Salvador and Guatemala<br><br>the FFAA has received military equipment, training, humanitarian, and technical assistance from the US military; the US military maintains a joint service task force co-located with the FFAA at Soto Cano Air Base (2025)"
"text": "the Honduran Armed Forces (FFAA) are responsible for maintaining the country’s territory, defending its sovereignty, providing emergency/humanitarian assistance, and supporting the National Police (PNH); the FFAA’s primary focus is internal and border security, and since 2011 a considerable portion of it has been deployed to support the PNH in combating narcotics trafficking and organized crime; military support to domestic security included the creation of the Military Police of Public Order (PMOP) in 2013 to provide security in areas controlled by street gangs to combat crime and make arrests; the FFAA, including the PMOP, cooperates with the militaries of El Salvador, Guatemala, and Nicaragua on border security<br><br>the FFAA has received military equipment, training, humanitarian, and technical assistance from the US military; the US military maintains a joint service task force co-located with the FFAA at Soto Cano Air Base (2025)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

4
central-america-n-caribbean/jm.json
View file

@ -520,7 +520,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch on the recommendation of the prime minister; following legislative elections, the governor general appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition in the House of Representatives as prime minister"
}
},
@ -1134,7 +1134,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note 1: </strong>the Jamaica Combined Cadet Force (JCCF), a youth organization under the Ministry of Security, also provides a recruitment pool for the JDF, as well as other government agencies <br><br><strong>note 2: </strong>as of 2022, women made up about 20% of the JDF's uniformed personnel"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "in addition to its responsibility of defending against external aggression, the JDF's primary missions are border, internal, and maritime security, including support to police operations in combating crime and violence; other missions include search and rescue, disaster response, humanitarian assistance, and peacekeeping; it has arrest authority and partners with the Jamaica Constabulary Force (JCF); both the JDF and JCF are under the Ministry of National Security, which directs policy for the security forces; the JDF participates in bilateral and multinational training exercises, including with the militaries of Canada, the UK, the US, and other Caribbean nations <br><br>while Jamaica had a militia force as early as the 1660s, the JDF was constituted in 1962 from the West India Regiment (WIR), a British colonial regiment which dates back to 1795 (2024)"
"text": "in addition to its responsibility of defending against external aggression, the Jamaican Defense Force's (JDF) primary missions are border, cyber, internal, and maritime security; other missions include search and rescue, disaster response, humanitarian assistance, and peacekeeping; it has arrest authority and partners with the Jamaica Constabulary Force (JCF), particularly in support of combating crime and violence; both the JDF and JCF are under the Ministry of National Security, which directs policy for the security forces; the JDF participates in bilateral and multinational training exercises, including with the armed forces of Canada, the UK, the US, and other Caribbean nations<br><br>while Jamaica had a militia force as early as the 1660s, the JDF was constituted in 1962 from the West India Regiment (WIR), a British colonial regiment which dates back to 1795 (2025)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

2
central-america-n-caribbean/mh.json
View file

@ -400,7 +400,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Executive Council consists of the governor, the premier, 3 other ministers, the attorney general, and the finance secretary"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party usually becomes premier"
}
},

2
central-america-n-caribbean/nn.json
View file

@ -368,7 +368,7 @@
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet nominated by the prime minister and appointed by the governor"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"election/appointment process": {
"text": "the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch for a 6-year term; following legislative elections, the Parliament usually elects the leader of the majority party as prime minister"
}
},

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