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{
"intro": {
"background": {
"text": "After almost four decades under US administration as the easternmost part of the UN Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, the Marshall Islands attained independence in 1986 under a Compact of Free Association. Compensation claims continue as a result of US nuclear testing on some of the atolls between 1947 and 1962. The Marshall Islands hosts the US Army Kwajalein Atoll (USAKA) Reagan Missile Test Site, a key installation in the US missile defense network."
}
},
"geo": {
"location": {
"text": "Oceania, two archipelagic island chains of 29 atolls, each made up of many small islets, and five single islands in the North Pacific Ocean, about half way between Hawaii and Australia"
},
"geographic_coordinates": {
"text": "9 00 N, 168 00 E"
},
"map_references": {
"text": "Oceania"
},
"area": {
"total": "181 sq km",
"land": "181 sq km",
"water": "0 sq km",
"note": "the archipelago includes 11,673 sq km of lagoon waters and encompasses the atolls of Bikini, Enewetak, Kwajalein, Majuro, Rongelap, and Utirik"
},
"area_comparative": {
"text": "about the size of Washington, DC"
},
"land_boundaries": {
"text": "0 km"
},
"coastline": {
"text": "370.4 km"
},
"maritime_claims": {
"territorial_sea": "12 nm",
"contiguous_zone": "24 nm",
"exclusive_economic_zone": "200 nm"
},
"climate": {
"text": "tropical; hot and humid; wet season May to November; islands border typhoon belt"
},
"terrain": {
"text": "low coral limestone and sand islands"
},
"elevation_extremes": {
"lowest_point": "Pacific Ocean 0 m",
"highest_point": "unnamed location on Likiep 10 m"
},
"natural_resources": {
"text": "coconut products, marine products, deep seabed minerals"
},
"land_use": {
"arable_land": "11.11%",
"permanent_crops": "44.44%",
"other": "44.44% (2011)"
},
"irrigated_land": {
"text": "0 sq km (2011)"
},
"natural_hazards": {
"text": "infrequent typhoons"
},
"environment_current_issues": {
"text": "inadequate supplies of potable water; pollution of Majuro lagoon from household waste and discharges from fishing vessels"
},
"environment_international_agreements": {
"party_to": "Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling",
"signed_but_not_ratified": "none of the selected agreements"
},
"geography_note": {
"text": "the islands of Bikini and Enewetak are former US nuclear test sites; Kwajalein atoll, famous as a World War II battleground, surrounds the world's largest lagoon and is used as a US missile test range; the island city of Ebeye is the second largest settlement in the Marshall Islands, after the capital of Majuro, and one of the most densely populated locations in the Pacific"
}
},
"people": {
"nationality": {
"noun": "Marshallese (singular and plural)",
"adjective": "Marshallese"
},
"ethnic_groups": {
"text": "Marshallese 92.1%, mixed Marshallese 5.9%, other 2% (2006)"
},
"languages": {
"text": "Marshallese (official) 98.2%, other languages 1.8% (1999 census)",
"note": "English (official), widely spoken as a second language"
},
"religions": {
"text": "Protestant 54.8%, Assembly of God 25.8%, Roman Catholic 8.4%, Bukot nan Jesus 2.8%, Mormon 2.1%, other Christian 3.6%, other 1%, none 1.5% (1999 census)"
},
"population": {
"text": "69,747 (July 2013 est.)"
},
"age_structure": {
"0_14_years": "37.2% (male 13,227/female 12,730)",
"15_24_years": "17.5% (male 6,222/female 5,997)",
"25_54_years": "36.5% (male 12,931/female 12,499)",
"55_64_years": "5.5% (male 2,014/female 1,852)",
"65_years_and_over": "3.3% (male 1,111/female 1,164) (2013 est.)"
},
"median_age": {
"total": "22.4 years",
"male": "22.4 years",
"female": "22.4 years (2013 est.)"
},
"population_growth_rate": {
"text": "1.79% (2013 est.)"
},
"birth_rate": {
"text": "27.21 births/1,000 population (2013 est.)"
},
"death_rate": {
"text": "4.27 deaths/1,000 population (2013 est.)"
},
"net_migration_rate": {
"text": "-5 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2013 est.)"
},
"urbanization": {
"urban_population": "72% of total population (2010)",
"rate_of_urbanization": "2.3% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)"
},
"major_urban_areas_population": {
"text": "MAJURO (capital) 30,000 (2009)"
},
"sex_ratio": {
"at_birth": "1.05 male(s)/female",
"0_14_years": "1.04 male(s)/female",
"15_24_years": "1.04 male(s)/female",
"25_54_years": "1.04 male(s)/female",
"55_64_years": "1.09 male(s)/female",
"65_years_and_over": "0.95 male(s)/female",
"total_population": "1.04 male(s)/female (2013 est.)"
},
"infant_mortality_rate": {
"total": "22.15 deaths/1,000 live births",
"male": "24.93 deaths/1,000 live births",
"female": "19.22 deaths/1,000 live births (2013 est.)"
},
"life_expectancy_at_birth": {
"total_population": "72.31 years",
"male": "70.18 years",
"female": "74.55 years (2013 est.)"
},
"total_fertility_rate": {
"text": "3.29 children born/woman (2013 est.)"
},
"contraceptive_prevalence_rate": {
"text": "44.6% (2007)"
},
"health_expenditures": {
"text": "18.1% of GDP (2010)"
},
"physicians_density": {
"text": "0.56 physicians/1,000 population (2008)"
},
"hospital_bed_density": {
"text": "2.7 beds/1,000 population (2010)"
},
"drinking_water_source": {
"improved": "urban: 92% of population; rural: 99% of population; total: 94% of population",
"unimproved": "urban: 8% of population; rural: 1% of population; total: 6% of population (2010 est.)"
},
"sanitation_facility_access": {
"improved": "urban: 83% of population; rural: 53% of population; total: 75% of population",
"unimproved": "urban: 17% of population; rural: 47% of population; total: 25% of population (2010 est.)"
},
"hiv_aids_adult_prevalence_rate": {
"text": "NA"
},
"hiv_aids_people_living_with_hiv_aids": {
"text": "NA"
},
"hiv_aids_deaths": {
"text": "NA"
},
"obesity_adult_prevalence_rate": {
"text": "45.4% (2008)"
},
"education_expenditures": {
"text": "12.2% of GDP (2004)"
},
"literacy": {
"definition": "age 15 and over can read and write",
"total_population": "93.7%",
"male": "93.6%",
"female": "93.7% (1999)"
},
"school_life_expectancy_primary_to_tertiary_education": {
"total": "12 years",
"male": "11 years",
"female": "12 years (2003)"
}
},
"govt": {
"country_name": {
"conventional_long_form": "Republic of the Marshall Islands",
"conventional_short_form": "Marshall Islands",
"local_long_form": "Republic of the Marshall Islands",
"local_short_form": "Marshall Islands",
"abbreviation": "RMI",
"former": "Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, Marshall Islands District"
},
"government_type": {
"text": "constitutional government in free association with the US; the Compact of Free Association entered into force on 21 October 1986 and the Amended Compact entered into force in May 2004"
},
"capital": {
"name": "Majuro",
"geographic_coordinates": "7 06 N, 171 23 E",
"time_difference": "UTC+12 (17 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)"
},
"administrative_divisions": {
"text": "24 municipalities; Ailinglaplap, Ailuk, Arno, Aur, Bikini & Kili, Ebon, Enewetak & Ujelang, Jabat, Jaluit, Kwajalein, Lae, Lib, Likiep, Majuro, Maloelap, Mejit, Mili, Namdrik, Namu, Rongelap, Ujae, Utrik, Wotho, Wotje"
},
"independence": {
"text": "21 October 1986 (from the US-administered UN trusteeship)"
},
"national_holiday": {
"text": "Constitution Day, 1 May (1979)"
},
"constitution": {
"text": "1 May 1979"
},
"legal_system": {
"text": "mixed legal system of US and English common law, customary law, and local statutes"
},
"international_law_organization_participation": {
"text": "has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction"
},
"suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"executive_branch": {
"chief_of_state": "President Christopher J. LOEAK (since 17 January 2012); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government",
"head_of_government": "President Christopher J. LOEAK (since 17 January 2012)",
"cabinet": "Cabinet selected by the president from among the members of the legislature",
"elections": "president elected by Nitijela (legislature) from among its members for a four-year term; election last held on 3 January 2012 (next to be held in 2016)",
"election_results": "Nitijela elected Christopher J. LOEAK president on 3 January 2012"
},
"legislative_branch": {
"text": "unicameral legislature or Nitijela (33 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)",
"elections": "last held on 21 November 2011 (next to be held by November 2015)",
"election_results": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - independents 33",
"note": "the Council of Chiefs or Ironij is a 12-member body comprised of tribal chiefs that advises on matters affecting customary law and practice"
},
"judicial_branch": {
"highest_courts": "Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice and other judges as prescribed by law)",
"judge_selection_and_term_of_office": "judges appointed by the Cabinet on the recommendation of the Judicial Service Commission and upon the approval of the Nitijela; judges appointed until retirement, normally at age 72",
"subordinate_courts": "High Court; District Courts; Traditional Rights Court; Community Courts"
},
"political_parties_and_leaders": {
"text": "traditionally there have been no formally organized political parties; what has existed more closely resembles factions or interest groups because they do not have party headquarters, formal platforms, or party structures; the following two \"groupings\" have competed in legislative balloting in recent years - Aelon Kein Ad Party [Michael KABUA] and United Democratic Party or UDP [Litokwa TOMEING]"
},
"political_pressure_groups_and_leaders": {
"text": "NA"
},
"international_organization_participation": {
"text": "ACP, ADB, AOSIS, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, ITU, OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, WHO"
},
"diplomatic_representation_in_the_us": {
"chief_of_mission": "Ambassador Charles R. PAUL",
"chancery": "2433 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008",
"telephone": "[1] (202) 234-5414",
"fax": "[1] (202) 232-3236",
"consulates_general": "Honolulu, Springdale (AR)"
},
"diplomatic_representation_from_the_us": {
"chief_of_mission": "Ambassador Thomas H. ARMBRUSTER",
"embassy": "Oceanside, Mejen Weto, Long Island, Majuro",
"mailing_address": "P. O. Box 1379, Majuro, Republic of the Marshall Islands 96960-1379",
"telephone": "[692] 247-4011",
"fax": "[692] 247-4012"
},
"flag_description": {
"text": "blue with two stripes radiating from the lower hoist-side corner - orange (top) and white; a white star with four large rays and 20 small rays appears on the hoist side above the two stripes; blue represents the Pacific Ocean, the orange stripe signifies the Ralik Chain or sunset and courage, while the white stripe signifies the Ratak Chain or sunrise and peace; the star symbolizes the cross of Christianity, each of the 24 rays designates one of the electoral districts in the country and the four larger rays highlight the principal cultural centers of Majuro, Jaluit, Wotje, and Ebeye; the rising diagonal band can also be interpreted as representing the equator, with the star showing the archipelago's position just to the north"
},
"national_anthem": {
"name": "\"Forever Marshall Islands\"",
"lyrics_music": "Amata KABUA",
"note": "adopted 1981"
}
},
"econ": {
"economy_overview": {
"text": "US assistance and lease payments for the use of Kwajalein Atoll as a US military base are the mainstay of this small island country. The Marshall Islands received roughly $1 billion in aid from the US during 1986-2001 under the original Compact of Free Association (Compact). In 2002 and 2003, the US and the Marshall Islands renegotiated the Compact's financial package for a 20-year period, from 2004 to 2024. Under the amended Compact, the Marshall Islands will receive roughly $1.5 billion in direct US assistance. Agricultural production, primarily subsistence, is concentrated on small farms; the most important commercial crops are coconuts and breadfruit. Industry is limited to handicrafts, tuna processing, and copra. Tourism holds some potential. The islands and atolls have few natural resources, and imports exceed exports. Under the amended Compact, the US is also funding, jointly with the Marshall Islands, a Trust Fund for the people of the Marshall Islands that will provide an income stream beyond 2024 when direct Compact aid is to end."
},
"gdp_purchasing_power_parity": {
"text": "$481.8 million (2012 est.); $472.8 million (2011 est.)"
},
"gdp_official_exchange_rate": {
"text": "$182 million (2012 est.)"
},
"gdp_real_growth_rate": {
"text": "1.9% (2012 est.); 0.8% (2011 est.)"
},
"gdp_per_capita_ppp": {
"text": "$8,800 (2012 est.); $8,900 (2011 est.)"
},
"gdp_composition_by_sector_of_origin": {
"agriculture": "14.3%",
"industry": "13.9%",
"services": "71.8% (2011 est.)"
},
"agriculture_products": {
"text": "coconuts, tomatoes, melons, taro, breadfruit, fruits; pigs, chickens"
},
"industries": {
"text": "copra, tuna processing, tourism, craft items (from seashells, wood, and pearls)"
},
"industrial_production_growth_rate": {
"text": "NA%"
},
"labor_force": {
"text": "10,480 (2011 est.)"
},
"labor_force_by_occupation": {
"agriculture": "11%",
"industry": "16.3%",
"services": "72.7% (2011 est.)"
},
"unemployment_rate": {
"text": "36% (2006 est.); 30.9% (2000 est.)"
},
"population_below_poverty_line": {
"text": "NA%"
},
"household_income_or_consumption_by_percentage_share": {
"lowest_10%": "NA%",
"highest_10%": "NA%"
},
"budget": {
"revenues": "$105.4 million",
"expenditures": "$104.7 million (FY09 est.)"
},
"taxes_and_other_revenues": {
"text": "57.9% of GDP (FY09 est.)"
},
"budget_surplus_+_or_deficit": {
"text": "0.4% of GDP (FY09 est.)"
},
"fiscal_year": {
"text": "1 October - 30 September"
},
"inflation_rate_consumer_prices": {
"text": "12.9% (2008 est.); 3% (2005 est.)"
},
"exports": {
"text": "$50.14 million (2011 est.); $9.1 million (2000 est.)"
},
"exports_commodities": {
"text": "copra cake, coconut oil, handicrafts, fish"
},
"imports": {
"text": "$118.7 million (2011 est.); $54.7 million (2000 est.)"
},
"imports_commodities": {
"text": "foodstuffs, machinery and equipment, fuels, beverages, tobacco"
},
"debt_external": {
"text": "$87 million (2008 est.); $86.5 million (FY99/00 est.)"
},
"exchange_rates": {
"text": "the US dollar is used"
}
},
"comm": {
"telephones_main_lines_in_use": {
"text": "4,400 (2010)"
},
"telephones_mobile_cellular": {
"text": "3,800 (2010)"
},
"telephone_system": {
"general_assessment": "digital switching equipment; modern services include telex, cellular, Internet, international calling, caller ID, and leased data circuits",
"domestic": "Majuro Atoll and Ebeye and Kwajalein islands have regular, seven-digit, direct-dial telephones; other islands interconnected by high frequency radiotelephone (used mostly for government purposes) and mini-satellite telephones",
"international": "country code - 692; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean); US Government satellite communications system on Kwajalein (2005)"
},
"broadcast_media": {
"text": "no TV broadcast station; a cable network is available on Majuro with programming via videotape replay and satellite relays; 4 radio broadcast stations; American Armed Forces Radio and Television Service (AFRTS) provides satellite radio and television service to Kwajalein Atoll (2009)"
},
"internet_country_code": {
"text": ".mh"
},
"internet_hosts": {
"text": "3 (2012)"
},
"internet_users": {
"text": "2,200 (2009)"
}
},
"trans": {
"airports": {
"text": "15 (2013)"
},
"airports_with_paved_runways": {
"total": "4",
"1_524_to_2_437_m": "3",
"914_to_1_523_m": "1 (2013)"
},
"airports_with_unpaved_runways": {
"total": "11",
"914_to_1_523_m": "10",
"under_914_m": "1 (2013)"
},
"roadways": {
"total": "2,028 km (includes 75 km of expressways) (2007)"
},
"merchant_marine": {
"total": "1,593",
"by_type": "barge carrier 1, bulk carrier 524, cargo 65, carrier 1, chemical tanker 351, container 226, liquefied gas 88, passenger 7, passenger/cargo 1, petroleum tanker 297, refrigerated cargo 13, roll on/roll off 9, vehicle carrier 10",
"foreign_owned": "1,468 (Belgium 1, Bermuda 35, Brazil 1, Canada 8, China 14, Croatia 12, Cyprus 40, Denmark 7, Egypt 1, France 7, Germany 248, Greece 408, Hong Kong 3, India 10, Indonesia 1, Iraq 2, Ireland 6, Italy 1, Japan 59, Jersey 11, Kuwait 2, Latvia 19, Malaysia 11, Mexico 2, Monaco 30, Netherlands 21, Norway 75, Pakistan 1, Qatar 29, Romania 2, Russia 5, Singapore 30, Slovenia 6, South Korea 41, Sweden 1, Switzerland 12, Taiwan 8, Turkey 70, UAE 12, UK 12, Ukraine 1, US 200) (2010)"
},
"ports_and_terminals": {
"text": "Enitwetak Island, Kwajalein, Majuro"
}
},
"military": {
"military_branches": {
"text": "no regular military forces; Marshall Islands Police (2012)"
},
"manpower_available_for_military_service": {
"males_age_16_49": "16,446 (2010 est.)"
},
"manpower_fit_for_military_service": {
"males_age_16_49": "13,568",
"females_age_16_49": "13,606 (2010 est.)"
},
"manpower_reaching_militarily_significant_age_annually": {
"male": "653",
"female": "631 (2010 est.)"
},
"military_expenditures": {
"text": "NA"
},
"military_note": {
"text": "defense is the responsibility of the US"
}
},
"issues": {
"disputes_international": {
"text": "claims US territory of Wake Island"
},
"trafficking_in_persons": {
"current_situation": "The Marshall Islands are a destination country for women from East Asia subjected to sex trafficking; foreign women are reportedly forced into prostitution in bars frequented by crew members of fishing vessels; some Chinese women are recruited to the Marshall Islands with promises of legitimate work and are subsequently forced into prostitution",
"tier_rating": "Tier 2 Watch List - The Marshall Islands do not fully comply with the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking; however, it is making significant efforts to do so; the government has not identified any victims, investigated any trafficking cases, or prosecuted any offenders under the country's 2011 anti-trafficking law; the government also has no mechanism in place to ensure that trafficking victims receive access to legal, medical, or psychological services; no public awareness campaigns on the dangers of human trafficking have been undertaken (2013)"
}
}
}

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{
"intro": {
"background": {
"text": "After three decades as part of the UN Trust Territory of the Pacific under US administration, this westernmost cluster of the Caroline Islands opted for independence in 1978 rather than join the Federated States of Micronesia. A Compact of Free Association with the US was approved in 1986 but not ratified until 1993. It entered into force the following year when the islands gained independence."
}
},
"geo": {
"location": {
"text": "Oceania, group of islands in the North Pacific Ocean, southeast of the Philippines"
},
"geographic_coordinates": {
"text": "7 30 N, 134 30 E"
},
"map_references": {
"text": "Oceania"
},
"area": {
"total": "459 sq km",
"land": "459 sq km",
"water": "0 sq km"
},
"area_comparative": {
"text": "slightly more than 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC"
},
"land_boundaries": {
"text": "0 km"
},
"coastline": {
"text": "1,519 km"
},
"maritime_claims": {
"territorial_sea": "3 nm",
"exclusive_fishing_zone": "200 nm"
},
"climate": {
"text": "tropical; hot and humid; wet season May to November"
},
"terrain": {
"text": "varying geologically from the high, mountainous main island of Babelthuap to low, coral islands usually fringed by large barrier reefs"
},
"elevation_extremes": {
"lowest_point": "Pacific Ocean 0 m",
"highest_point": "Mount Ngerchelchuus 242 m"
},
"natural_resources": {
"text": "forests, minerals (especially gold), marine products, deep-seabed minerals"
},
"land_use": {
"arable_land": "2.17%",
"permanent_crops": "4.35%",
"other": "93.48% (2011)"
},
"irrigated_land": {
"text": "NA"
},
"natural_hazards": {
"text": "typhoons (June to December)"
},
"environment_current_issues": {
"text": "inadequate facilities for disposal of solid waste; threats to the marine ecosystem from sand and coral dredging, illegal fishing practices, and overfishing"
},
"environment_international_agreements": {
"party_to": "Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands, Whaling",
"signed_but_not_ratified": "none of the selected agreements"
},
"geography_note": {
"text": "westernmost archipelago in the Caroline chain, consists of six island groups totaling more than 300 islands; includes World War II battleground of Beliliou (Peleliu) and world-famous rock islands"
}
},
"people": {
"nationality": {
"noun": "Palauan(s)",
"adjective": "Palauan"
},
"ethnic_groups": {
"text": "Palauan (Micronesian with Malayan and Melanesian admixtures) 69.9%, Filipino 15.3%, Chinese 4.9%, other Asian 2.4%, white 1.9%, Carolinian 1.4%, other Micronesian 1.1%, other or unspecified 3.2% (2000 census)"
},
"languages": {
"text": "Palauan (official on most islands) 64.7%, Filipino 13.5%, English (official) 9.4%, Chinese 5.7%, Carolinian 1.5%, Japanese 1.5%, other Asian 2.3%, other languages 1.5% (2000 census)",
"note": "Sonsoral (Sonsoralese and English are official), Tobi (Tobi and English are official), and Angaur (Angaur, Japanese, and English are official)"
},
"religions": {
"text": "Roman Catholic 41.6%, Protestant 23.3%, Modekngei 8.8% (indigenous to Palau), Seventh-Day Adventist 5.3%, Jehovah's Witnesses 0.9%, Mormon 0.6%, other 3.1%, unspecified or none 16.4% (2000 census)"
},
"population": {
"text": "21,108 (July 2013 est.)"
},
"age_structure": {
"0_14_years": "20.7% (male 2,250/female 2,110)",
"15_24_years": "17.6% (male 1,849/female 1,875)",
"25_54_years": "46.6% (male 5,981/female 3,854)",
"55_64_years": "8.3% (male 615/female 1,129)",
"65_years_and_over": "6.8% (male 407/female 1,038) (2013 est.)"
},
"median_age": {
"total": "32.9 years",
"male": "32.5 years",
"female": "33.9 years (2013 est.)"
},
"population_growth_rate": {
"text": "0.37% (2013 est.)"
},
"birth_rate": {
"text": "10.9 births/1,000 population (2013 est.)"
},
"death_rate": {
"text": "7.86 deaths/1,000 population (2013 est.)"
},
"net_migration_rate": {
"text": "0.66 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2013 est.)"
},
"urbanization": {
"urban_population": "83% of total population (2010)",
"rate_of_urbanization": "1.4% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)"
},
"sex_ratio": {
"at_birth": "1.06 male(s)/female",
"0_14_years": "1.07 male(s)/female",
"15_24_years": "0.98 male(s)/female",
"25_54_years": "1.55 male(s)/female",
"55_64_years": "0.55 male(s)/female",
"65_years_and_over": "0.4 male(s)/female",
"total_population": "1.12 male(s)/female (2013 est.)"
},
"infant_mortality_rate": {
"total": "11.77 deaths/1,000 live births",
"male": "13.35 deaths/1,000 live births",
"female": "10.1 deaths/1,000 live births (2013 est.)"
},
"life_expectancy_at_birth": {
"total_population": "72.33 years",
"male": "69.17 years",
"female": "75.68 years (2013 est.)"
},
"total_fertility_rate": {
"text": "1.72 children born/woman (2013 est.)"
},
"contraceptive_prevalence_rate": {
"text": "32.8%",
"note": "percent of women aged 15-44 (2003)"
},
"health_expenditures": {
"text": "10.3% of GDP (2010)"
},
"physicians_density": {
"text": "1.3 physicians/1,000 population (2006)"
},
"hospital_bed_density": {
"text": "4.8 beds/1,000 population (2010)"
},
"drinking_water_source": {
"improved": "urban: 83% of population; rural: 96% of population; total: 85% of population",
"unimproved": "urban: 17% of population; rural: 4% of population; total: 15% of population (2010 est.)"
},
"sanitation_facility_access": {
"improved": "urban: 100% of population; rural: 100% of population; total: 100% of population",
"unimproved": "urban: 100% of population; rural: 100% of population; total: 100% of population (2010 est.)"
},
"hiv_aids_adult_prevalence_rate": {
"text": "NA"
},
"hiv_aids_people_living_with_hiv_aids": {
"text": "NA"
},
"hiv_aids_deaths": {
"text": "NA"
},
"obesity_adult_prevalence_rate": {
"text": "48.9% (2008)"
},
"education_expenditures": {
"text": "10.3% of GDP (2002)"
},
"literacy": {
"definition": "age 15 and over can read and write",
"total_population": "92%",
"male": "93%",
"female": "90% (1980 est.)"
},
"school_life_expectancy_primary_to_tertiary_education": {
"total": "15 years",
"male": "14 years",
"female": "15 years (2001)"
}
},
"govt": {
"country_name": {
"conventional_long_form": "Republic of Palau",
"conventional_short_form": "Palau",
"local_long_form": "Beluu er a Belau",
"local_short_form": "Belau",
"former": "Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, Palau District"
},
"government_type": {
"text": "constitutional government in free association with the US; the Compact of Free Association entered into force on 1 October 1994"
},
"capital": {
"name": "Melekeok",
"geographic_coordinates": "7 29 N, 134 38 E",
"time_difference": "UTC+9 (14 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)"
},
"administrative_divisions": {
"text": "16 states; Aimeliik, Airai, Angaur, Hatohobei, Kayangel, Koror, Melekeok, Ngaraard, Ngarchelong, Ngardmau, Ngatpang, Ngchesar, Ngeremlengui, Ngiwal, Peleliu, Sonsorol"
},
"independence": {
"text": "1 October 1994 (from the US-administered UN trusteeship)"
},
"national_holiday": {
"text": "Constitution Day, 9 July (1979)"
},
"constitution": {
"text": "1 January 1981"
},
"legal_system": {
"text": "mixed legal system of civil, common, and customary law"
},
"international_law_organization_participation": {
"text": "has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt"
},
"suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"executive_branch": {
"chief_of_state": "President Tommy REMENGESAU (since 17 January 2013); Vice President Antonio BELLS (since 17 January 2013); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government",
"head_of_government": "President Tommy REMENGESAU (since 17 January 2013); Vice President Antonio BELLS (since 17 January 2013)",
"cabinet": "NA",
"elections": "president and vice president elected on separate tickets by popular vote for four-year terms (eligible for a second term); election last held on 6 November 2012 (next to be held in November 2016)",
"election_results": "percent of vote - Tommy REMENGESAU 58%, Johnson TORIBIONG 42%"
},
"legislative_branch": {
"text": "bicameral National Congress or Olbiil Era Kelulau (OEK) consists of the Senate (9 seats; members elected by popular vote on a population basis to serve four-year terms) and the House of Delegates (16 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)",
"elections": "Senate - last held on 6 November 2012 (next to be held in November 2016); House of Delegates - last held on 6 November 2012 (next to be held in November 2016)",
"election_results": "Senate - percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 9; House of Delegates - percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 16"
},
"judicial_branch": {
"highest_courts": "Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice and 3 associate justices organized into appellate trial divisions; also within the Supreme Court organization are the Common Pleas and Land Courts)",
"judge_selection_and_term_of_office": "justices nominated by a 7-member independent body consisting of judges, presidential appointees, and lawyers, and appointed by the president; judges appointed until mandatory retirement at age 65",
"subordinate_courts": "National Court and other 'inferior' courts"
},
"political_parties_and_leaders": {
"text": "none"
},
"political_pressure_groups_and_leaders": {
"text": "NA"
},
"international_organization_participation": {
"text": "ACP, ADB, AOSIS, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, IOC, IPU, MIGA, OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, WHO"
},
"diplomatic_representation_in_the_us": {
"chief_of_mission": "Ambassador Hersey KYOTA",
"chancery": "1701 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Suite 300, Washington, DC 20006",
"telephone": "[1] (202) 452-6814",
"fax": "[1] (202) 452-6281",
"consulates": "Tamuning (Guam)"
},
"diplomatic_representation_from_the_us": {
"chief_of_mission": "Ambassador Helen P. REED-ROWE",
"embassy": "Koror (no street address)",
"mailing_address": "P. O. Box 6028, Koror, Republic of Palau 96940",
"telephone": "[680] 587-2920",
"fax": "[680] 587-2911"
},
"flag_description": {
"text": "light blue with a large yellow disk shifted slightly to the hoist side; the blue color represents the ocean, the disk represents the moon; Palauans consider the full moon to be the optimum time for human activity; it is also considered a symbol of peace, love, and tranquility"
},
"national_anthem": {
"name": "\"Belau rekid\" (Our Palau)",
"lyrics_music": "multiple/Ymesei O. EZEKIEL",
"note": "adopted 1980"
}
},
"econ": {
"economy_overview": {
"text": "The economy consists of tourism and other services such as trade, subsistence agriculture, and fishing. Government is a major employer of the work force relying on financial assistance from the US under the Compact of Free Association (Compact) with the US. The Compact took effect, after the end of the UN trusteeship on 1 October 1994. The US provided Palau with roughly $700 million in aid for the first 15 years following commencement of the Compact in 1994 in return for unrestricted access to its land and waterways for strategic purposes. Business and leisure tourist arrivals numbered over 109,000 in 2011, for a 27% increase over 2010. The population enjoys a per capita income roughly double that of the Philippines and much of Micronesia. Long-run prospects for tourism have been bolstered by the expansion of air travel in the Pacific, the rising prosperity of industrial East Asia, and the willingness of foreigners to finance infrastructure development. Proximity to Guam, the region's major destination for tourists from East Asia, and a regionally competitive tourist infrastructure enhance Palau's advantage as a destination."
},
"gdp_purchasing_power_parity": {
"text": "$221 million (2011 est.); $208.9 million (2010 est.)",
"note": "GDP estimate includes US subsidy"
},
"gdp_official_exchange_rate": {
"text": "$221 million (2011 est.)"
},
"gdp_real_growth_rate": {
"text": "5.8% (2011 est.); 5.5% (2005 est.)"
},
"gdp_per_capita_ppp": {
"text": "$10,500 (2011 est.); $7,600 (2005 est.)"
},
"gdp_composition_by_sector_of_origin": {
"agriculture": "3.2%",
"industry": "20%",
"services": "76.8% (2012 est.)"
},
"agriculture_products": {
"text": "coconuts, copra, cassava (tapioca), sweet potatoes; fish"
},
"industries": {
"text": "tourism, craft items (from shell, wood, pearls), construction, garment making"
},
"industrial_production_growth_rate": {
"text": "NA%"
},
"labor_force": {
"text": "9,777 (2005)"
},
"labor_force_by_occupation": {
"agriculture": "20%",
"industry": "NA%",
"services": "NA% (1990)"
},
"unemployment_rate": {
"text": "4.2% (2005 est.)"
},
"population_below_poverty_line": {
"text": "NA%"
},
"household_income_or_consumption_by_percentage_share": {
"lowest_10%": "NA%",
"highest_10%": "NA%"
},
"budget": {
"revenues": "$89 million",
"expenditures": "$94.3 million (2010 est.)"
},
"taxes_and_other_revenues": {
"text": "40.3% of GDP (2010 est.)"
},
"budget_surplus_+_or_deficit": {
"text": "-2.4% of GDP (2010 est.)"
},
"fiscal_year": {
"text": "1 October - 30 September"
},
"inflation_rate_consumer_prices": {
"text": "2.7% (2011 est.); 1.6% (2010 est.)"
},
"market_value_of_publicly_traded_shares": {
"text": "$NA"
},
"current_account_balance": {
"text": "-$20.8 million (2010 est.); $15.09 million (FY03/04)"
},
"exports": {
"text": "$12.3 million (2010 est.); $5.882 million (2004 est.)"
},
"exports_commodities": {
"text": "shellfish, tuna, copra, garments"
},
"imports": {
"text": "$113.4 million (2010 est.); $107.3 million (2004 est.)"
},
"imports_commodities": {
"text": "machinery and equipment, fuels, metals; foodstuffs"
},
"debt_external": {
"text": "$0 (FY99/00)"
},
"exchange_rates": {
"text": "the US dollar is used"
}
},
"comm": {
"telephones_main_lines_in_use": {
"text": "6,900 (2011)"
},
"telephones_mobile_cellular": {
"text": "15,400 (2011)"
},
"telephone_system": {
"domestic": "fixed-line and mobile-cellular services available with a combined subscribership of roughly 100 per 100 persons",
"international": "country code - 680; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) (2009)"
},
"broadcast_media": {
"text": "no TV stations; a cable TV network covers the major islands and provides access to rebroadcasts, on a delayed basis, of a number of US stations as well as access to a number of real-time satellite TV channels; about a half dozen radio stations with 1 government-owned (2009)"
},
"internet_country_code": {
"text": ".pw"
},
"internet_hosts": {
"text": "4 (2012)"
}
},
"trans": {
"airports": {
"text": "3 (2013)"
},
"airports_with_paved_runways": {
"total": "1",
"1_524_to_2_437_m": "1 (2013)"
},
"airports_with_unpaved_runways": {
"total": "2",
"1_524_to_2_437_m": "2 (2013)"
},
"ports_and_terminals": {
"text": "Koror"
}
},
"military": {
"military_branches": {
"text": "no regular military forces; Palau National Police (2009)"
},
"manpower_available_for_military_service": {
"males_age_16_49": "6,987 (2010 est.)"
},
"manpower_fit_for_military_service": {
"males_age_16_49": "5,272",
"females_age_16_49": "3,969 (2010 est.)"
},
"manpower_reaching_militarily_significant_age_annually": {
"male": "216",
"female": "222 (2010 est.)"
},
"military_expenditures": {
"text": "NA"
},
"military_note": {
"text": "defense is the responsibility of the US; under a Compact of Free Association between Palau and the US, the US military is granted access to the islands for 50 years, but it has not stationed any military forces there (2008)"
}
},
"issues": {
"disputes_international": {
"text": "maritime delineation negotiations continue with Philippines, Indonesia"
}
}
}

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@ -0,0 +1,417 @@
{
"intro": {
"background": {
"text": "In 1974, ethnic differences within the British colony of the Gilbert and Ellice Islands caused the Polynesians of the Ellice Islands to vote for separation from the Micronesians of the Gilbert Islands. The following year, the Ellice Islands became the separate British colony of Tuvalu. Independence was granted in 1978. In 2000, Tuvalu negotiated a contract leasing its Internet domain name \".tv\" for $50 million in royalties over a 12-year period."
}
},
"geo": {
"location": {
"text": "Oceania, island group consisting of nine coral atolls in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to Australia"
},
"geographic_coordinates": {
"text": "8 00 S, 178 00 E"
},
"map_references": {
"text": "Oceania"
},
"area": {
"total": "26 sq km",
"land": "26 sq km",
"water": "0 sq km"
},
"area_comparative": {
"text": "0.1 times the size of Washington, DC"
},
"land_boundaries": {
"text": "0 km"
},
"coastline": {
"text": "24 km"
},
"maritime_claims": {
"territorial_sea": "12 nm",
"contiguous_zone": "24 nm",
"exclusive_economic_zone": "200 nm"
},
"climate": {
"text": "tropical; moderated by easterly trade winds (March to November); westerly gales and heavy rain (November to March)"
},
"terrain": {
"text": "low-lying and narrow coral atolls"
},
"elevation_extremes": {
"lowest_point": "Pacific Ocean 0 m",
"highest_point": "unnamed location 5 m"
},
"natural_resources": {
"text": "fish"
},
"land_use": {
"arable_land": "0%",
"permanent_crops": "60%",
"other": "40% (2011)"
},
"irrigated_land": {
"text": "NA"
},
"natural_hazards": {
"text": "severe tropical storms are usually rare, but in 1997 there were three cyclones; low levels of islands make them sensitive to changes in sea level"
},
"environment_current_issues": {
"text": "since there are no streams or rivers and groundwater is not potable, most water needs must be met by catchment systems with storage facilities (the Japanese Government has built one desalination plant and plans to build one other); beachhead erosion because of the use of sand for building materials; excessive clearance of forest undergrowth for use as fuel; damage to coral reefs from the spread of the Crown of Thorns starfish; Tuvalu is concerned about global increases in greenhouse gas emissions and their effect on rising sea levels, which threaten the country's underground water table; in 2000, the government appealed to Australia and New Zealand to take in Tuvaluans if rising sea levels should make evacuation necessary"
},
"environment_international_agreements": {
"party_to": "Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Whaling",
"signed_but_not_ratified": "none of the selected agreements"
},
"geography_note": {
"text": "one of the smallest and most remote countries on Earth; six of the nine coral atolls - Nanumea, Nui, Vaitupu, Nukufetau, Funafuti, and Nukulaelae - have lagoons open to the ocean; Nanumaya and Niutao have landlocked lagoons; Niulakita does not have a lagoon"
}
},
"people": {
"nationality": {
"noun": "Tuvaluan(s)",
"adjective": "Tuvaluan"
},
"ethnic_groups": {
"text": "Polynesian 96%, Micronesian 4%"
},
"languages": {
"text": "Tuvaluan (official), English (official), Samoan, Kiribati (on the island of Nui)"
},
"religions": {
"text": "Protestant 98.4% (Church of Tuvalu (Congregationalist) 97%, Seventh-Day Adventist 1.4%), Baha'i 1%, other 0.6%"
},
"population": {
"text": "10,698 (July 2013 est.)"
},
"age_structure": {
"0_14_years": "29.8% (male 1,637/female 1,555)",
"15_24_years": "20.9% (male 1,197/female 1,044)",
"25_54_years": "35.8% (male 1,846/female 1,985)",
"55_64_years": "8.1% (male 352/female 514)",
"65_years_and_over": "5.3% (male 238/female 330) (2013 est.)"
},
"median_age": {
"total": "24.6 years",
"male": "23.4 years",
"female": "26.3 years (2013 est.)"
},
"population_growth_rate": {
"text": "0.77% (2013 est.)"
},
"birth_rate": {
"text": "23.56 births/1,000 population (2013 est.)"
},
"death_rate": {
"text": "8.97 deaths/1,000 population (2013 est.)"
},
"net_migration_rate": {
"text": "-6.92 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2013 est.)"
},
"urbanization": {
"urban_population": "50% of total population (2010)",
"rate_of_urbanization": "1.4% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)"
},
"sex_ratio": {
"at_birth": "1.05 male(s)/female",
"0_14_years": "1.06 male(s)/female",
"15_24_years": "1.17 male(s)/female",
"25_54_years": "0.91 male(s)/female",
"55_64_years": "0.71 male(s)/female",
"65_years_and_over": "0.73 male(s)/female",
"total_population": "0.97 male(s)/female (2013 est.)"
},
"infant_mortality_rate": {
"total": "32.61 deaths/1,000 live births",
"male": "35.45 deaths/1,000 live births",
"female": "29.63 deaths/1,000 live births (2013 est.)"
},
"life_expectancy_at_birth": {
"total_population": "65.47 years",
"male": "63.36 years",
"female": "67.67 years (2013 est.)"
},
"total_fertility_rate": {
"text": "3.06 children born/woman (2013 est.)"
},
"contraceptive_prevalence_rate": {
"text": "30.5% (2007)"
},
"health_expenditures": {
"text": "17.5% of GDP (2010)"
},
"physicians_density": {
"text": "0.64 physicians/1,000 population (2008)"
},
"hospital_bed_density": {
"text": "5.56 beds/1,000 population (2001)"
},
"drinking_water_source": {
"improved": "urban: 98% of population; rural: 97% of population; total: 98% of population",
"unimproved": "urban: 2% of population; rural: 3% of population; total: 2% of population (2010 est.)"
},
"sanitation_facility_access": {
"improved": "urban: 88% of population; rural: 81% of population; total: 85% of population",
"unimproved": "urban: 12% of population; rural: 19% of population; total: 15% of population (2010 est.)"
},
"hiv_aids_adult_prevalence_rate": {
"text": "NA"
},
"hiv_aids_people_living_with_hiv_aids": {
"text": "NA"
},
"hiv_aids_deaths": {
"text": "NA"
},
"children_under_the_age_of_5_years_underweight": {
"text": "1.6% (2007)"
},
"education_expenditures": {
"text": "NA"
},
"literacy": {
"text": "NA"
},
"school_life_expectancy_primary_to_tertiary_education": {
"total": "11 years",
"male": "10 years",
"female": "11 years (2001)"
}
},
"govt": {
"country_name": {
"conventional_long_form": "none",
"conventional_short_form": "Tuvalu",
"local_long_form": "none",
"local_short_form": "Tuvalu",
"former": "Ellice Islands",
"note": "\"Tuvalu\" means \"group of eight\" referring to the country's eight traditionally inhabited islands"
},
"government_type": {
"text": "parliamentary democracy and a Commonwealth realm"
},
"capital": {
"name": "Funafuti",
"geographic_coordinates": "8 31 S, 179 13 E",
"time_difference": "UTC+12 (17 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)",
"note": "administrative offices are in Vaiaku Village on Fongafale Islet"
},
"administrative_divisions": {
"text": "7 island councils and 1 town council*; Funafuti*, Nanumaga, Nanumea, Niutao, Nui, Nukufetau, Nukulaelae, Vaitupu"
},
"independence": {
"text": "1 October 1978 (from the UK)"
},
"national_holiday": {
"text": "Independence Day, 1 October (1978)"
},
"constitution": {
"text": "1 October 1978"
},
"legal_system": {
"text": "mixed legal system of English common law and local customary law"
},
"international_law_organization_participation": {
"text": "has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt"
},
"suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"executive_branch": {
"chief_of_state": "Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor General Iakoba TAEIA Italeli (since May 2010)",
"head_of_government": "Prime Minister Enele SOPOAGA (since 5 August 2013)",
"cabinet": "Cabinet appointed by the governor general on the recommendation of the prime minister",
"elections": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch on the recommendation of the prime minister; prime minister and deputy prime minister elected by and from the members of parliament following parliamentary elections",
"election_results": "Willie TELAVI removed as prime minister by the governor-general on 1 August 2013; Enele SOPOAGA elected 4 August 2013 in a 8 to 5 vote by the House of Assembly"
},
"legislative_branch": {
"text": "unicameral Parliament or Fale I Fono, also called House of Assembly (15 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)",
"elections": "last held on 16 September 2010 (next to be held in 2014)",
"election_results": "percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 15; 10 members reelected"
},
"judicial_branch": {
"highest_courts": "Court of Appeal is the Fiji Court of Appeal on Fiji Island (consists of the chief justice who visits twice a year); High Court, located on Fiji, consists of the chief justice of Fiji who presides over its sessions",
"judge_selection_and_term_of_office": "chief justice appointed by the president of Fiji on the advice of the prime minister following consultation with the parliamentary leader of the opposition; justices of the Court of Appeal, and puisne judges of the High Court are appointed by the president of Fiji, upon the nomination of the Judicial Service Commission, after consulting with the Cabinet Minister and the committee of the House of Representatives responsible for the administration of justice; the chief justice and justices of Appeal generally required to retire at age 70; puisine judges appointed for not less than 4 years nor more than 7 years with mandatory retirement at age 65",
"subordinate_courts": "magistrates' courts; island courts; lands courts"
},
"political_parties_and_leaders": {
"text": "there are no political parties but members of parliament usually align themselves in informal groupings"
},
"political_pressure_groups_and_leaders": {
"text": "none"
},
"international_organization_participation": {
"text": "ACP, ADB, AOSIS, C, FAO, IBRD, IDA, IFRCS (observer), ILO, IMF, IMO, IOC, ITU, OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO"
},
"diplomatic_representation_in_the_us": {
"chief_of_mission": "Ambassador Aunese Makoi SIMATI",
"chancery": "Note - Tuvalu does not have an embassy in Washington, D.C.; UN office located at 800 2nd Avenue, Suite 400D, New York, NY 10017",
"telephone": "[1] (212) 490-0534",
"fax": "[1] (212) 937-0692"
},
"diplomatic_representation_from_the_us": {
"text": "the US does not have an embassy in Tuvalu; the US ambassador to Fiji is accredited to Tuvalu"
},
"flag_description": {
"text": "light blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the outer half of the flag represents a map of the country with nine yellow, five-pointed stars on a blue field symbolizing the nine atolls in the ocean"
},
"national_anthem": {
"name": "\"Tuvalu mo te Atua\" (Tuvalu for the Almighty)",
"lyrics_music": "Afaese MANOA",
"note": "adopted 1978; the anthem's name is also the nation's motto"
}
},
"econ": {
"economy_overview": {
"text": "Tuvalu consists of a densely populated, scattered group of nine coral atolls with poor soil. Only eight of the atolls are inhabited. The country has no known mineral resources and few exports and is almost entirely dependent upon imported food and fuel. Subsistence farming and fishing are the primary economic activities. Fewer than 1,000 tourists, on average, visit Tuvalu annually. Job opportunities are scarce and public sector workers make up most of those employed. About 15% of the adult male population work as seamen on merchant ships abroad, and remittances are a vital source of income contributing around $2 million in 2007. Substantial income is received annually from the Tuvalu Trust Fund (TTF) an international trust fund established in 1987 by Australia, NZ, and the UK and supported also by Japan and South Korea. Thanks to wise investments and conservative withdrawals, this fund grew from an initial $17 million to an estimated value of $77 million in 2006. The TTF contributed nearly $9 million towards the government budget in 2006 and is an important cushion for meeting shortfalls in the government's budget. The US Government is also a major revenue source for Tuvalu because of payments from a 1988 treaty on fisheries. In an effort to ensure financial stability and sustainability, the government is pursuing public sector reforms, including privatization of some government functions and personnel cuts. Tuvalu also derives royalties from the lease of its \".tv\" Internet domain name with revenue of more than $2 million in 2006. A minor source of government revenue comes from the sale of stamps and coins. With merchandise exports only a fraction of merchandise imports, continued reliance must be placed on fishing and telecommunications license fees, remittances from overseas workers, official transfers, and income from overseas investments. Growing income disparities and the vulnerability of the country to climatic change are among leading concerns for the nation."
},
"gdp_purchasing_power_parity": {
"text": "$37.61 million (2012 est.); $37.25 million (2011 est.); $36.98 million (2010 est.)",
"note": "data are in 2012 US dollars"
},
"gdp_official_exchange_rate": {
"text": "$37 million (2012 est.)"
},
"gdp_real_growth_rate": {
"text": "1.2% (2012 est.); 1.1% (2011 est.); -2.9% (2010 est.)"
},
"gdp_per_capita_ppp": {
"text": "$3,400 (2012 est.); $3,400 (2011 est.); $3,300 (2010 est.)"
},
"gdp_composition_by_sector_of_origin": {
"agriculture": "16.6%",
"industry": "27.2%",
"services": "56.2% (2002)"
},
"agriculture_products": {
"text": "coconuts; fish"
},
"industries": {
"text": "fishing, tourism, copra"
},
"industrial_production_growth_rate": {
"text": "NA%"
},
"labor_force": {
"text": "3,615 (2004 est.)"
},
"labor_force_by_occupation": {
"note": "people make a living mainly through exploitation of the sea, reefs, and atolls and from wages sent home by those abroad (mostly workers in the phosphate industry and sailors)"
},
"unemployment_rate": {
"text": "NA%"
},
"population_below_poverty_line": {
"text": "NA%"
},
"household_income_or_consumption_by_percentage_share": {
"lowest_10%": "NA%",
"highest_10%": "NA%"
},
"budget": {
"revenues": "$21.54 million",
"expenditures": "$23.05 million (2006)"
},
"taxes_and_other_revenues": {
"text": "58.2% of GDP (2006)"
},
"budget_surplus_+_or_deficit": {
"text": "-4.1% of GDP (2006)"
},
"fiscal_year": {
"text": "calendar year"
},
"inflation_rate_consumer_prices": {
"text": "3.8% (2006 est.)"
},
"current_account_balance": {
"text": "-$7.7 million (2010 est.); -$11.68 million (2003)"
},
"exports": {
"text": "$600,000 (2010 est.); $1 million (2004 est.)"
},
"exports_commodities": {
"text": "copra, fish"
},
"imports": {
"text": "$16.5 million (2010 est.); $12.91 million (2005)"
},
"imports_commodities": {
"text": "food, animals, mineral fuels, machinery, manufactured goods"
},
"debt_external": {
"text": "$NA"
},
"exchange_rates": {
"text": "Tuvaluan dollars or Australian dollars (AUD) per US dollar -; 0.9658 (2011); 1.67 (2011 est.); 1.67 (2010); 1.2822 (2009); 1.2059 (2008)"
}
},
"comm": {
"telephones_main_lines_in_use": {
"text": "1,400 (2011)"
},
"telephones_mobile_cellular": {
"text": "2,100 (2011)"
},
"telephone_system": {
"general_assessment": "serves particular needs for internal communications",
"domestic": "radiotelephone communications between islands",
"international": "country code - 688; international calls can be made by satellite (2007)"
},
"broadcast_media": {
"text": "no TV stations; many households use satellite dishes to watch foreign TV stations; 1 government-owned radio station, Radio Tuvalu, includes relays of programming from international broadcasters (2009)"
},
"internet_country_code": {
"text": ".tv"
},
"internet_hosts": {
"text": "145,158 (2012)"
},
"internet_users": {
"text": "4,200 (2008)"
}
},
"trans": {
"airports": {
"text": "1 (2013)"
},
"airports_with_unpaved_runways": {
"total": "1",
"1_524_to_2_437_m": "1 (2013)"
},
"roadways": {
"total": "8 km",
"paved": "8 km (2002)"
},
"merchant_marine": {
"total": "58",
"by_type": "bulk carrier 4, cargo 24, chemical tanker 15, container 1, passenger 2, passenger/cargo 1, petroleum tanker 10, refrigerated cargo 1",
"foreign_owned": "33 (China 4, Indonesia 1, Maldives 1, Singapore 19, South Korea 1, Turkey 1, Vietnam 6) (2010)"
},
"ports_and_terminals": {
"text": "Funafuti"
}
},
"military": {
"military_branches": {
"text": "no regular military forces; Tuvalu Police Force (2012)"
},
"manpower_fit_for_military_service": {
"males_age_16_49": "2,021",
"females_age_16_49": "2,026 (2010 est.)"
},
"manpower_reaching_militarily_significant_age_annually": {
"male": "119",
"female": "111 (2010 est.)"
},
"military_expenditures": {
"text": "NA"
}
},
"issues": {
"disputes_international": {
"text": "none"
}
}
}