auto-update week 17

africa/mp.json

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 {
   "Introduction": {
     "Background": {
-      "text": "<p>Although known to Arab and European sailors since at least the early 1500s, the island of Mauritius was uninhabited until 1638 when the Dutch established a settlement named in honor of Prince Maurits van NASSAU. Their presence led to the rapid disappearance of the flightless dodo bird that has since become one of the most well-known examples of extinction in modern times. The Dutch abandoned their financially distressed settlement in 1710, although a number of formerly enslaved people remained. In 1722, the French established what would become a highly profitable settlement focused on sugar cane plantations that were reliant on the labor of enslaved people brought to Mauritius from other parts of Africa. In the 1790s, the island had a brief period of autonomous rule when plantation owners rejected French control because of laws ending slavery that were temporarily in effect during the French Revolution. Britain captured the Island in 1810 as part of the Napoleonic Wars, but kept most of the French administrative structure which remains to this day in the form of the country’s legal codes and widespread use of French Creole language. The abolition of slavery in 1835 - later than most other British colonies - led to increased reliance on contracted laborers from the Indian subcontinent to work on plantations. Today their descendants form the majority of the population. Mauritius remained a strategically important British naval base, and later an air station, playing a role during World War II for anti-submarine and convoy operations, as well as for the collection of signals intelligence.</p> <p>Mauritius gained independence from the UK in 1968 as a Parliamentary Republic and has remained a stable democracy with regular free elections and a positive human rights record. The country also attracted considerable foreign investment and now has one of Africa's highest per capita incomes. Mauritius’ often fractious coalition politics has been dominated by two prominent families each of which has had father-son pairs who have been prime minister over multiple, often nonconsecutive, terms. Seewoosagur Ramgoolam (1968-76) was Mauritius’ first prime minister and he was succeeded by Anerood Jugnauth (1982-95, 2000-03, 2014-17); his son Navin Ramgoolam (1995-2000, 2005-14); and Paul Raymond Berenger (2003-05). In 2017, Pravind Jugnauth became prime minister after his father stepped down short of completing his term, and he was elected in his own right in 2019. Mauritius claims the French island of Tromelin and the British Chagos Archipelago (British Indian Ocean Territory). Since 2017, Mauritius has secured favorable UN General Assembly (UNGA) resolutions and an International Court of Justice (ICJ) advisory opinion relating to its sovereignty dispute with the UK.</p>"
+      "text": "<p>Although known to Arab and European sailors since at least the early 1500s, the island of Mauritius was uninhabited until 1638 when the Dutch established a settlement named in honor of Prince Maurits van NASSAU. Their presence led to the rapid disappearance of the flightless dodo bird that has since become one of the most well-known examples of extinction in modern times. The Dutch abandoned their financially distressed settlement in 1710, although a number of formerly enslaved people remained. In 1722, the French established what would become a highly profitable settlement focused on sugar cane plantations that were reliant on the labor of enslaved people brought to Mauritius from other parts of Africa. In the 1790s, the island had a brief period of autonomous rule when plantation owners rejected French control because of laws ending slavery that were temporarily in effect during the French Revolution. Britain captured the Island in 1810 as part of the Napoleonic Wars, but kept most of the French administrative structure which remains to this day in the form of the country’s legal codes and widespread use of French Creole language. The abolition of slavery in 1835 - later than most other British colonies - led to increased reliance on contracted laborers from the Indian subcontinent to work on plantations. Today their descendants form the majority of the population. Mauritius remained a strategically important British naval base, and later an air station, playing a role during World War II for anti-submarine and convoy operations, as well as for the collection of signals intelligence.</p> <p>Mauritius gained independence from the UK in 1968 as a Parliamentary Republic and has remained a stable democracy with regular free elections and a positive human rights record. The country also attracted considerable foreign investment and now has one of Africa's highest per capita incomes. Mauritius’ often fractious coalition politics has been dominated by two prominent families each of which has had father-son pairs who have been prime minister over multiple, often nonconsecutive, terms. Seewoosagur Ramgoolam (1968-76) was Mauritius’ first prime minister and he was succeeded by Anerood Jugnauth (1982-95, 2000-03, 2014-17); his son Navin Ramgoolam (1995-2000, 2005-14); and Paul Raymond Berenger (2003-05), the only non-Hindu prime minister of post-independence Mauritius. In 2017, Pravind Jugnauth became prime minister after his father stepped down short of completing his term, and he was elected in his own right in 2019. Mauritius claims the French island of Tromelin and the British Chagos Archipelago (British Indian Ocean Territory). Since 2017, Mauritius has secured favorable UN General Assembly (UNGA) resolutions and an International Court of Justice (ICJ) advisory opinion relating to its sovereignty dispute with the UK.</p>"
     }
   },
   "Geography": {
@@ -512,7 +512,7 @@
     },
     "Executive branch": {
       "chief of state": {
-        "text": "President Pritivirajsing ROOPUN (since December 2019); Vice President Marie Cyril Eddy Boiss&eacute;zon (2 December 2019) note - President Ameenah GURIB-FAKIM (since 5 June 2015) resigned on 23 March 2018 amid a credit card scandal"
+        "text": "President Pritivirajsing ROOPUN (since December 2019); Vice President Marie Cyril Eddy Boiss&eacute;zon (2 December 2019) note - President Ameenah GURIB-FAKIM (since 5 June 2015), the country's first female president, resigned on 23 March 2018 amid a credit card scandal"
       },
       "head of government": {
         "text": "Prime Minister Pravind JUGNAUTH (since 23 January 2017, remains PM after parliamentary election 7 Nov 2019); note - Prime Minister Sir Anerood JUGNAUTH (since 17 December 2014) stepped down on 23 January 2017 in favor of his son, Pravind Kumar JUGNAUTH, who was then appointed prime minister; 7 Nov 2019 Pravind Jugnauth remains prime minister and home affairs minister and also becomes defense minister (2019)"
@@ -524,7 +524,7 @@
         "text": "president and vice president indirectly elected by the National Assembly for 5-year renewable terms; election last held on&nbsp;7 Nov 2019&nbsp;(next to be held in&nbsp;2024); prime minister and deputy prime minister appointed by the president, responsible to the National Assembly (2019)"
       },
       "election results": {
-        "text": "seats&nbsp;by party as of 7/11/2019- (MSM) 38, (PTR) 14, (MMM) 8, (OPR) 2;&nbsp;note - GURIB-FAKIM, Mauritius'- first female president, resigned on 23 March 2018 (2018)"
+        "text": "seats by party as of 7/11/2019 - (MSM) 38, (PTR) 14, (MMM) 8, (OPR) 2 (2018)"
       }
     },
     "Legislative branch": {
@@ -535,12 +535,12 @@
         "text": "last held on&nbsp;7&nbsp;November 2019&nbsp;(next to be held by late&nbsp;2024)"
       },
       "election results": {
-        "text": "percent of vote by party - MSM 61%, Labour Party 23%, MMM 13%, OPR 3%; elected seats by party&nbsp;as of - the Militant Socialist Movement (MSM) wins 38 seats, the Labour Party (PTR) or (MLP)&nbsp;14,&nbsp; Mauritian Militant Movement (MMM)&nbsp;8 and the Rodrigues People's Organization (OPR) 2; composition - men&nbsp;49,&nbsp;women 13; percent of women 20% (2019)"
+        "text": "percent of vote by party - MSM 61%,&nbsp; Mauritius Labour Party 23%, MMM 13%, OPR 3%; elected seats by party as of - the Militant Socialist Movement (MSM) wins 38 seats, the Mauritius Labour Party (PTR) or (MLP) 14, Mauritian Militant Movement (MMM) 8 and the Rodrigues People's Organization (OPR) 2; composition - men 49, women 13; percent of women 20% (2019)"
       }
     },
     "Judicial branch": {
       "highest courts": {
-        "text": "Supreme Court of Mauritius (consists of the chief justice, a senior puisne judge, and 18 puisne judges); note - the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (in London) serves as the final court of appeal"
+        "text": "Supreme Court of Mauritius (consists of the chief justice, a senior puisne judge, and 24 puisne judges); note - the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (in London) serves as the final court of appeal"
       },
       "judge selection and term of office": {
         "text": "chief justice appointed by the president after consultation with the prime minister; senior puisne judge appointed by the president with the advice of the chief justice; other puisne judges appointed by the president with the advice of the Judicial and Legal Commission, a 4-member body of judicial officials including the chief justice; all judges serve until retirement at age 67"
@@ -550,7 +550,7 @@
       }
     },
     "Political parties and leaders": {
-      "text": "Alliance Lepep (Alliance of the People) [Pravind JUGNAUTH] (coalition includes MSM and ML)<br>Labor Party (Parti Travailliste) or PTR or MLP [Navinchandra RAMGOOLAM]<br>Mauritian Militant Movement (Mouvement Militant Mauricien) or MMM [Paul BERENGER]<br>Mauritian Social Democratic Party (Parti Mauricien Social Democrate) or PMSD [Xavier Luc DUVAL]<br>Militant Socialist Movement (Mouvement Socialist Mauricien) or MSM [Pravind JUGNAUTH]<br>Muvman Liberater or ML [Ivan COLLENDAVELLOO]<br>Patriotic Movement (Mouvement Patriotic) [Alan GANOO]<br>Rodrigues Peoples Organization (Organisation du Peuple Rodriguais) or OPR [Serge CLAIR]"
+      "text": "Alliance Morisien (Mauritian Alliance 2019; coalition includes MSM, ML, Patriotic Movement, and Militant Platform) [Pravind JUGNAUTH] <br>Mauritius Labor Party (Parti Travailliste) or PTR or MLP [Navinchandra RAMGOOLAM]<br>Mauritian Militant Movement (Mouvement Militant Mauricien) or MMM [Paul BERENGER]<br>Mauritian People's Union (Linion Pep Morisien) [Bruneau LAURETTE and Dev SUNNASY]<br>Mauritian Rally (Rassemblement Mauricien) [Nando BODHA]<br>Mauritian Social Democratic Party (Parti Mauricien Social Democrate) or PMSD [Xavier Luc DUVAL]<br>Militant Platform (Plateforme Militante) [Steven OBEEGADOO]<br>Militant Socialist Movement (Mouvement Socialist Mauricien) or MSM [Pravind JUGNAUTH]<br>Muvman Liberater or ML [Ivan COLLENDAVELLOO]<br>Patriotic Movement (Mouvement Patriotic) [Alan GANOO]<br>Rodrigues Peoples Organization (Organisation du Peuple Rodriguais) or OPR [Serge CLAIR]"
     },
     "International organization participation": {
       "text": "ACP, AfDB, AOSIS, AU, C, CD, COMESA, CPLP (associate), FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, InOC, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, OIF, OPCW, PCA, SAARC (observer), SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
@@ -983,10 +983,10 @@
     },
     "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
       "total": {
-        "text": "322,100 (2020)"
+        "text": "323,200 (2021)"
       },
       "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
-        "text": "25.33 (2020 est.)"
+        "text": "25.41 (2021)"
       }
     }
   },