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6
africa/ag.json
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@ -1019,10 +1019,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "3,790,459 (2020)"
"text": "3,790,459 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "8.64 (2020 est.)"
"text": "8.64 (2021)"
}
}
},
@ -1087,7 +1087,7 @@
}
},
"Heliports": {
"text": "3 (2013)"
"text": "4 (2022)"
},
"Pipelines": {
"text": "2600 km condensate, 16415 km gas, 3447 km liquid petroleum gas, 7036 km oil, 144 km refined products (2013)"

9
africa/ao.json
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@ -111,8 +111,7 @@
},
"People and Society": {
"Population": {
"text": "34,795,287 (2022 est.)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> Angola's national statistical agency projected the country's 2017 population to be 28.4 million"
"text": "34,795,287 (2022 est.)"
},
"Nationality": {
"noun": {
@ -1065,10 +1064,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "230,610 (2020)"
"text": "230,610 This year we included fixed wireless technologies. (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "less than 1 (2020 est.)"
"text": "0.7 less than 1 (2021 est.)"
}
}
},
@ -1133,7 +1132,7 @@
}
},
"Heliports": {
"text": "1 (2013)"
"text": "1 (2021)"
},
"Pipelines": {
"text": "352 km gas, 85 km liquid petroleum gas, 1065 km oil, 5 km oil/gas/water (2013)"

4
africa/bc.json
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@ -1038,10 +1038,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "71,898 (2020)"
"text": "259,525 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "3.06 (2020 est.)"
"text": "11.04 (2021)"
}
}
},

6
africa/bn.json
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@ -1051,10 +1051,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "29,981 (2020)"
"text": "29,981 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "less than 1 (2020 est.)"
"text": "0.25 less than 1 (2021)"
}
}
},
@ -1176,7 +1176,7 @@
"text": "18-35 years of age for selective compulsory and voluntary military service; a higher education diploma is required; both sexes are eligible for military service; conscript tour of duty - 18 months (2021)"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "260 Mali (MINUSMA) (Oct 2021)"
"text": "260 (plus about 160 police) Mali (MINUSMA) (Jan 2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "as of 2021, Benin participated in the Multinational Joint Task Force (MNJTF) against the terrorist group Boko Haram (see Appendix T) along with Cameroon, Chad, Niger, and Nigeria; the Benin military contingent is in charge of MNJTF garrison duties<br> <p>as of 2021, the FAB had a close working relationship with the Belgian armed forces; the Belgians offered advice, training, and secondhand equipment donations, and deployed to Benin for limited military exercises</p>"

8
africa/by.json
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@ -1041,10 +1041,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "4,230 (2020)"
"text": "4,230 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "less than 1 (2020 est.)"
"text": "0.04 less than 1 (2021)"
}
}
},
@ -1077,7 +1077,7 @@
}
},
"Heliports": {
"text": "1 (2012)"
"text": "1 (2021)"
},
"Roadways": {
"total": {
@ -1130,7 +1130,7 @@
"text": "18 years of age for voluntary military service (2021)"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "750 Central African Republic (MINUSCA); 5,400 Somalia (AMISOM) (Oct 2021)"
"text": "750 Central African Republic (MINUSCA); 5,400 Somalia (AMISOM) (Jan 2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "in addition to its foreign deployments, the FDN as of 2021 was focused on internal security missions, particularly against rebel groups opposed to the regime such as National Forces of Liberation (FNL), the Resistance for the Rule of Law-Tabara (aka RED Tabara), and Popular Forces of Burundi (FPB or FOREBU); these groups were based in the neighboring Democratic Republic of Congo and have carried out sporadic attacks in Burundi"

7
africa/cd.json
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@ -1055,10 +1055,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "0 (2020)"
"text": "0 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "0 (2020 est.)"
"text": "0 (2021 est.)"
}
}
},
@ -1161,7 +1161,8 @@
"text": "20 is the legal minimum age for compulsory military service, with a 3-year service obligation; 18 is the legal minimum age for voluntary service; no minimum age restriction for volunteers with consent from a parent or guardian; women are subject to 1 year of compulsory military or civic service at age 21 (2021)"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "note(s) - Chad is part of a five-nation anti-jihadist task force known as the G5 Sahel Group, set up in 2014 with Burkina Faso, Mali, Mauritania, and Niger; Chad has committed 550 troops and 100 gendarmes to the force; in early 2020, G5 Sahel military chiefs of staff agreed to allow defense forces from each of the states to pursue terrorist fighters up to 100 km into neighboring countries; the G5 force is backed by the UN, US, and France; G5 troops periodically conduct joint operations with French forces deployed to the Sahel under Operation Barkhane; Chad hosts the headquarters of Operation Barkhane in N’Djamena<br><br>Chad has committed approximately 1,000-1,500 troops to the Multinational Joint Task Force (MNJTF) against Boko Haram; national MNJTF troop contingents are deployed within their own territories, although cross‐border operations are conducted periodically; in 2019, Chad sent more than 1,000 troops to Nigeria’s Borno State to fight BH as part of the MNJTF mission"
"text": "1,425 Mali (MINUSMA) (Jan 2022)",
"note": "note(s) - Chad is part of a five-nation anti-jihadist task force known as the G5 Sahel Group, set up in 2014 with Burkina Faso, Mali, Mauritania, and Niger; Chad has committed 550 troops and 100 gendarmes to the force; in early 2020, G5 Sahel military chiefs of staff agreed to allow defense forces from each of the states to pursue terrorist fighters up to 100 km into neighboring countries; the G5 force is backed by the UN, US, and France; G5 troops periodically conduct joint operations with French forces deployed to the Sahel under Operation Barkhane; Chad hosts the headquarters of Operation Barkhane in N’Djamena<br><br>Chad has committed approximately 1,000-1,500 troops to the Multinational Joint Task Force (MNJTF) against Boko Haram; national MNJTF troop contingents are deployed within their own territories, although cross‐border operations are conducted periodically; in 2019, Chad sent more than 1,000 troops to Nigeria’s Borno State to fight BH as part of the MNJTF mission"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "as of 2021, the ANT was chiefly focused on counterterrorism and counterinsurgency operations; it was engaged with the Boko Haram (BH) and the Islamic State in West Africa (ISWA) terrorist groups in the Lake Chad Basin area (primarily the Lac Province) and in the Sahel; in 2020, it conducted a large military operation against BH in the Lake Chad region; that same year, Chad sent troops to the tri-border area with Burkina Faso, Mali, and Niger to combat ISWA militants (it also contributes a large force to the UN MINUSCA mission in Mali); in addition, the ANT was conducting operations against internal anti-government militias and armed dissident groups; several Chadian rebel groups, including the Union of Resistance Forces (UFR) and the Front for Change and Concord in Chad (FACT), operate in northern Chad from bases in Libya; former Chadian President Idriss DEBY<strong> </strong>was killed in April 2021 during fighting in the northern part of the country between FACT and the Chadian Army"

6
africa/cf.json
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@ -1055,10 +1055,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "500 (2014)"
"text": "1,000 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "less than 1 (2014 est.)"
"text": "0.02 less than 1 (2021 est.)"
}
}
},
@ -1200,7 +1200,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "28,940 (Central African Republic), 22,100 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (refugees and asylum seekers) (2022)"
"text": "28,985 (Central African Republic), 22,100 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (refugees and asylum seekers) (2022)"
},
"IDPs": {
"text": "304,430 (multiple civil wars since 1992) (2021)"

8
africa/cg.json
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@ -1090,10 +1090,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "11,900 (2019)"
"text": "31,000 (2021 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "less than 1 (2019 est.)"
"text": "0.03 less than 1 (2021 est.)"
}
}
},
@ -1155,7 +1155,7 @@
}
},
"Heliports": {
"text": "1 (2013)"
"text": "1 (2021)"
},
"Pipelines": {
"text": "62 km gas, 77 km oil, 756 km refined products (2013)"
@ -1238,7 +1238,7 @@
"text": "18-45 years of age for voluntary (men and women) and compulsory (men only) military service; unclear how much conscription is used (2021)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>the modern FARDC was created out of the armed factions of the two Congo wars of 1996-1997 and 1998-2003; as part of the peace accords that ended the last war, the largest rebel groups were incorporated into the FARDC; many armed groups, however, continue to fight (note - there are as many as 120 total armed groups in the country by some estimates); as of 2022, the FARDC was actively engaged in combat operations against numerous armed groups inside the country, particularly in the eastern provinces of Ituri, North Kivu, and South Kivu, although violence also continues in Maniema, Kasai, Kasai Central, and Tanganyika provinces; the military is widely assessed as being unable to provide adequate security throughout the country due to insufficient training, poor morale and leadership, ill-discipline and corruption, low equipment readiness, a fractious ethnic makeup, and the sheer size of the country and diversity of armed rebel groups</p> <br>MONUSCO, the United Nations peacekeeping and stabilization force in the Democratic Republic of Congo, has operated in the central and eastern parts of the country since 1999; as of November 2021, MONUSCO comprised around 17,800 personnel; MONUSCO includes a Force Intervention Brigade (FIB; 3 infantry battalions, plus artillery and special forces), the first ever UN peacekeeping force specifically tasked to carry out targeted offensive operations to neutralize and disarm groups considered a threat to state authority and civilian security"
"text": "<p>the modern FARDC was created out of the armed factions of the two Congo wars of 1996-1997 and 1998-2003; as part of the peace accords that ended the last war, the largest rebel groups were incorporated into the FARDC; many armed groups, however, continue to fight (note - there are as many as 120 total armed groups in the country by some estimates); as of 2022, the FARDC was actively engaged in combat operations against numerous armed groups inside the country, particularly in the eastern provinces of Ituri, North Kivu, and South Kivu, although violence also continues in Maniema, Kasai, Kasai Central, and Tanganyika provinces; the military is widely assessed as being unable to provide adequate security throughout the country due to insufficient training, poor morale and leadership, ill-discipline and corruption, low equipment readiness, a fractious ethnic makeup, and the sheer size of the country and diversity of armed rebel groups</p> <br>MONUSCO, the United Nations peacekeeping and stabilization force in the Democratic Republic of Congo, has operated in the central and eastern parts of the country since 1999; as of February 2022, MONUSCO had around 15,000 personnel; MONUSCO includes a Force Intervention Brigade (FIB; 3 infantry battalions, plus artillery and special forces), the first ever UN peacekeeping force specifically tasked to carry out targeted offensive operations to neutralize and disarm groups considered a threat to state authority and civilian security"
}
},
"Terrorism": {

6
africa/cm.json
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@ -1093,10 +1093,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "713,845 (2020)"
"text": "722,579 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "2.69 (2020 est.)"
"text": "2.72 (2021)"
}
}
},
@ -1230,7 +1230,7 @@
"text": "18-23 years of age for male and female voluntary military service; no conscription; high school graduation required; service obligation 4 years (2021)"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "750 Central African Republic (MINUSCA; note - Cameroon also has deployed more than 300 police to MINUSCA) (Oct 2021)",
"text": "750 (plus about 350 police) Central African Republic (MINUSCA) (Jan 2022)",
"note": "note - Cameroon has committed approximately 2,000-2,500 troops to the Multinational Joint Task Force (MNJTF) against Boko Haram; national MNJTF troop contingents are deployed within their own country territories, although cross‐border operations occur occasionally"
},
"Military - note": {

4
africa/cn.json
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@ -952,10 +952,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "912 (2020 est.)"
"text": "1,066 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "less than 1 (2020 est.)"
"text": "0.12 less than 1 (2021)"
}
}
},

6
africa/ct.json
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@ -1026,10 +1026,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "499 (2019)"
"text": "499 Data available for 2019 only. (2019)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "less than 1 (2019 est.)"
"text": "0.01 less than 1 (2019 est.)"
}
}
},
@ -1135,7 +1135,7 @@
"text": "18 years of age for military service; no conscription (2021)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the 2013 coup resulted in the institutional collapse of the FACA; its forces were overwhelmed and forced to flee to neighboring countries; reportedly only 10% of the FACA returned after the coup, and it has struggled to rebuild in the years of instability since; the European Union, France, Russia, the UN, and the US are providing various levels of security assistance <br><br>in 2018, the UN Security Council approved Russian security assistance for the CAR to help train and advise FACA personnel, as well as transport them to operational areas, provide logistical support, and assist with medical evacuation; Russia sent private military contractors, and as of late 2021, there were reportedly as many as 2,300 providing assistance to the FACA, as well as performing other security roles such as guarding mines and government officials; some Russian contractors and the CAR forces they supported have been accused of carrying out indiscriminate killings, using excessive force against civilians, and looting<br><br>the UN Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in the Central African Republic (MINUSCA) has operated in the country since 2014; its peacekeeping mission includes providing security, protecting civilians, facilitating humanitarian assistance, disarming and demobilizing armed groups, and supporting the country’s fragile transitional government; in November 2019, the UN Security Council extended the mandate of the MINUSCA peacekeeping mission another year; as of November 2021, MINUSCA had about 15,500 total personnel<br><br>the European Union Training Mission in the Central African Republic (EUTM-RCA) has operated in the country since 2016; the EUTM-RCA contributes to the restructuring of the country's military and defense sector through advice, training, and educational programs; as of mid-2021, it had trained 4 territorial infantry battalions (Bataillon d’Infanterie Territorial) and 1 amphibious infantry battalion<br><br> <p> </p>"
"text": "the 2013 coup resulted in the institutional collapse of the FACA; its forces were overwhelmed and forced to flee to neighboring countries; reportedly only 10% of the FACA returned after the coup, and it has struggled to rebuild in the years of instability since; the European Union, France, Russia, the UN, and the US are providing various levels of security assistance <br><br>in 2018, the UN Security Council approved Russian security assistance for the CAR to help train and advise FACA personnel, as well as transport them to operational areas, provide logistical support, and assist with medical evacuation; Russia sent private military contractors, and as of late 2021, there were reportedly as many as 2,300 providing assistance to the FACA, as well as performing other security roles such as guarding mines and government officials; some Russian contractors and the CAR forces they supported have been accused of carrying out indiscriminate killings, using excessive force against civilians, and looting<br><br>the UN Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in the Central African Republic (MINUSCA) has operated in the country since 2014; its peacekeeping mission includes providing security, protecting civilians, facilitating humanitarian assistance, disarming and demobilizing armed groups, and supporting the country’s fragile transitional government; in November 2019, the UN Security Council extended the mandate of the MINUSCA peacekeeping mission another year; as of February 2022, MINUSCA had about 14,000 total personnel<br><br>the European Union Training Mission in the Central African Republic (EUTM-RCA) has operated in the country since 2016; the EUTM-RCA contributes to the restructuring of the country's military and defense sector through advice, training, and educational programs; as of mid-2021, it had trained 4 territorial infantry battalions (Bataillon d’Infanterie Territorial) and 1 amphibious infantry battalion<br><br> <p> </p>"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

4
africa/cv.json
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@ -984,10 +984,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "24,839 (2020)"
"text": "24,839 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "4.47 (2020 est.)"
"text": "4.47 (2021 est.)"
}
}
},

4
africa/dj.json
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@ -999,10 +999,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "25,053 (2020)"
"text": "25,053 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "2.54 (2020 est.)"
"text": "2.54 (2021 est.)"
}
}
},

8
africa/eg.json
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@ -1071,10 +1071,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "9,349,469 (2020)"
"text": "9,349,469 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "9.14 (2020 est.)"
"text": "9.14 (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Communications - note": {
@ -1139,7 +1139,7 @@
}
},
"Heliports": {
"text": "7 (2013)"
"text": "7 (2021)"
},
"Pipelines": {
"text": "486 km condensate, 74 km condensate/gas, 7986 km gas, 957 km liquid petroleum gas, 5225 km oil, 37 km oil/gas/water, 895 km refined products, 65 km water (2013)"
@ -1223,7 +1223,7 @@
"note": "note - as of 2020, conscripts were estimated to comprise over half of the military, as well as a considerable portion of the Central Security Force"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "1,000 Central African Republic (MINUSCA); 1,050 Mali (MINUSMA) (Sep 2021)"
"text": "1,000 Central African Republic (MINUSCA); 1,050 Mali (MINUSMA) (Jan 2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>since 2011, the Egyptian Armed Forces, police, and other security forces have been actively engaged in counterinsurgency and counter-terrorism operations in the North Sinai governorate against several militant groups, particularly the Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham – Sinai Province; as of 2021, Egypt reportedly had approximately 40,000 military troops, police, and other security personnel deployed in the Sinai for internal security duties; in addition, tribal militias were assisting Egyptian security forces<br><br>the military has a large stake in the civilian economy, including running banks, businesses, and shipping lines, producing consumer and industrial goods, importing commodities, and building and managing infrastructure projects, such as bridges, roads, hospitals, and housing<br><br>Egypt has Major Non-NATO Ally (MNNA) status with the US; MNNA is a designation under US law that provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense trade and security cooperation; while MNNA status provides military and economic privileges, it does not entail any security commitments<br><br></p> the Multinational Force &amp; Observers (MFO) has operated in the Sinai since 1982 as a peacekeeping and monitoring force to supervise the implementation of the security provisions of the 1979 Egyptian-Israeli Treaty of Peace; the MFO is an independent international organization, created by agreement between Egypt and Israel; as of 2021, it was composed of about 1,150 troops from 13 countries"

4
africa/ek.json
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@ -961,10 +961,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "1,620 (2018)"
"text": "1,000 (2021 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "less than 1 (2018 est.)"
"text": "0.07 less than 1 (2021)"
}
}
},

6
africa/er.json
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@ -964,10 +964,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "1,000 (2017 est.)"
"text": "5,000 (2021 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "less than 1 (2019 est.)"
"text": "0.14 less than 1 (2021 est.)"
}
}
},
@ -1020,7 +1020,7 @@
}
},
"Heliports": {
"text": "1 (2013)"
"text": "1 (2021)"
},
"Railways": {
"total": {

6
africa/et.json
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@ -1107,10 +1107,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "62,950 (2017 est.)"
"text": "212,000 (2021 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "less than 1 (2019 est.)"
"text": "0.18 less than 1 (2021)"
}
}
},
@ -1230,7 +1230,7 @@
"note": "note - in November 2021, the Ethiopian Government issued a nationwide state of emergency that enabled officials to order military-age citizens to undergo training and accept military duty in support of the Tigray conflict"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "prior to the 2020-21 Tigray conflict, 5-10,000 Somalia (4,500 for AMISOM; the remainder under a bilateral agreement with Somalia); 3,300 Sudan (UNISFA); 1,500 South Sudan (UNMISS) (2021)",
"text": "prior to the 2020-21 Tigray conflict, 5-10,000 Somalia (4,500 for AMISOM; the remainder under a bilateral agreement with Somalia); 3,200 Sudan (UNISFA); 1,500 South Sudan (UNMISS) (2022)",
"note": "note - in August 2021, Sudan asked the UN to remove the Ethiopian troops from the UNISFA mission"
},
"Military - note": {

8
africa/ga.json
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@ -1026,18 +1026,18 @@
},
"Internet users": {
"total": {
"text": "580,200 (2021 est.)"
"text": "1.29 million (2022 est.)"
},
"percent of population": {
"text": "19.84% (2019 est.)"
"text": "19.84% (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "4,433 (2018)"
"text": "5,000 (2021 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "less than 1 (2019 est.)"
"text": "0.21 less than 1 (2021 est.)"
}
}
},

8
africa/gb.json
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@ -1009,18 +1009,18 @@
},
"Internet users": {
"total": {
"text": "1.4 million (2021 est.)"
"text": "1.43 million (2022 est.)"
},
"percent of population": {
"text": "62% (2019 est.)"
"text": "62% (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "44,607 (2020)"
"text": "44,607 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "2 (2020 est.)"
"text": "2 (2021)"
}
}
},

10
africa/gh.json
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@ -1059,18 +1059,18 @@
},
"Internet users": {
"total": {
"text": "15.7 million (2021 est.)"
"text": "16.99 million (2022 est.)"
},
"percent of population": {
"text": "53% (2019 est.)"
"text": "53% (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "78,371 (2020)"
"text": "78,371 Total fixed broadband subscriptions from Vodafone 62,284; AirtelTigo 700; MTN 14,038; Mainone 111; Simba Fibre 41; K-Net 310; Tizeti 810; Sactis Ghana 45; Orange business 22; Vodafone (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "less than 1 (2020 est.)"
"text": "0.25 less than 1 (2021 est.)"
}
}
},
@ -1192,7 +1192,7 @@
"text": "18-26 years of age for voluntary military service, with basic education certificate; no conscription (2021)"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "150 Mali (MINUSMA); 875 Lebanon (UNIFIL); 860 South Sudan (UNMISS) (Oct 2021)"
"text": "150 Mali (MINUSMA); 875 Lebanon (UNIFIL); 730 (plus about 300 police) South Sudan (UNMISS) (Jan 2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>the military of Ghana traces its origins to the Gold Coast Constabulary that was established in 1879 and renamed the Gold Coast Regiment in 1901; the Gold Coast Regiment was part of the West African Frontier Force (WAFF), a multi-regiment force formed by the British colonial office in 1900 to garrison the West African colonies of Gold Coast (Ghana), Nigeria (Lagos and the protectorates of Northern and Southern Nigeria), Sierra Leone, and Gambia; the WAFF served with distinction in both East and West Africa during World War I; in 1928, it received royal recognition and was re-named the Royal West African Frontier Force (RWAFF); the RWAFF went on to serve in World War II as part of the British 81st and 82nd (West African) divisions in the East Africa and Burma campaigns; following independence in 1957, the Gold Coast Regiment formed the basis for the new Ghanaian Army</p> <p>as of 2021, the primary missions for the Ghanaian military included assisting other security services with internal security and patrolling the country’s economic exclusion zone, which has led to efforts to expand the Navy’s capabilities in recent years; since sending a contingent of troops to the Congo in 1960, the Ghana military has been a regular contributor to African- and UN-sponsored peacekeeping missions</p>"

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africa/gv.json
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@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
{
"Introduction": {
"Background": {
"text": "<p>Guinea's deep Muslim heritage arrived via the neighboring Almoravid Empire in the 11th century. Following Almoravid decline, Guinea existed on the fringe of several African kingdoms, all competing for regional dominance. In the 13th century, the Mali Empire took control of Guinea, encouraging its already growing Muslim faith. After the fall of the West African empires, various smaller kingdoms controlled Guinea. In the 18th century, Fulani Muslims established an Islamic state in central Guinea that represents one of the earliest examples of a written constitution and alternating leadership. While European traders first arrived in the 16th century, it was the French who secured colonial rule in the 19th century.</p> <p>In 1958, Guinea achieved independence from France. Sekou TOURE became Guinea’s first post-independence president; he established a dictatorial regime and ruled until his death in 1984, after which General Lansana CONTE staged a coup and seized the government. He too established an authoritarian regime and manipulated presidential elections until his death in December 2008, when Captain Moussa Dadis CAMARA led a military coup, seized power, and suspended the constitution. In September 2009, presidential guards opened fire on an opposition rally, killing more than 150 people in Conakry, the capital. In early December 2009, CAMARA was wounded in an assassination attempt and exiled to Burkina Faso. In 2010 and 2013 respectively, the country held its first free and fair presidential and legislative elections. Alpha CONDE won the 2010 and 2015 presidential elections. CONDE's first cabinet was the first all-civilian government in Guinean history. In March 2020, Guinea passed a new constitution in a national referendum that changed presidential term limit rules. CONDE argued that, given this change, he was allowed to run for a third term, which he then won in October 2020. On 5 September 2021, Col Mamady DOUMBOUYA led special forces troops in a successful military coup, ousting and detaining CONDE and establishing the National Committee for Reconciliation (CNRD). DOUMBOUYA and the CNRD  suspended the constitution and dissolved the government and the legislature. DOUMBOUYA was sworn in as transition president on 1 October 2021, and appointed Mohamed BEAVOGUI as transition prime minister. on October 7, 2021. BEAVOGUI subsequently formed a largely technocratic cabinet. The National Transition Council (CNT), which acts as the legislative body for the transition, was formed on January 22, 2022.The 81-member CNT is led by Dr. Dansa KOUROUMA and consists of appointed members representing a broad swath of Guinean society. <br><br></p>"
"text": "<p>Guinea's deep Muslim heritage arrived via the neighboring Almoravid Empire in the 11th century. Following Almoravid decline, Guinea existed on the fringe of several African kingdoms, all competing for regional dominance. In the 13th century, the Mali Empire took control of Guinea, encouraging its already growing Muslim faith. After the fall of the West African empires, various smaller kingdoms controlled Guinea. In the 18th century, Fulani Muslims established an Islamic state in central Guinea that represents one of the earliest examples of a written constitution and alternating leadership. While European traders first arrived in the 16th century, it was the French who secured colonial rule in the 19th century.</p> <p>In 1958, Guinea achieved independence from France. Sekou TOURE became Guinea’s first post-independence president; he established a dictatorial regime and ruled until his death in 1984, after which General Lansana CONTE staged a coup and seized the government. He too established an authoritarian regime and manipulated presidential elections until his death in December 2008, when Captain Moussa Dadis CAMARA led a military coup, seized power, and suspended the constitution. In September 2009, presidential guards opened fire on an opposition rally, killing more than 150 people in Conakry, the capital. In early December 2009, CAMARA was wounded in an assassination attempt and exiled to Burkina Faso. In 2010 and 2013 respectively, the country held its first free and fair presidential and legislative elections. Alpha CONDE won the 2010 and 2015 presidential elections. CONDE's first cabinet was the first all-civilian government in Guinean history. In March 2020, Guinea passed a new constitution in a national referendum that changed presidential term limit rules. CONDE argued that, given this change, he was allowed to run for a third term, which he then won in October 2020. On 5 September 2021, Col Mamady DOUMBOUYA led special forces troops in a successful military coup, ousting and detaining CONDE and establishing the National Committee for Reconciliation and Development (CNRD). DOUMBOUYA and the CNRD suspended the constitution and dissolved the government and the legislature. DOUMBOUYA was sworn in as transition president on 1 October 2021, and appointed Mohamed BEAVOGUI as transition prime minister a week later. BEAVOGUI subsequently formed a largely technocratic cabinet. The National Transition Council (CNT), which acts as the legislative body for the transition, was formed on January 22, 2022. The 81-member CNT is led by Dr. Dansa KOUROUMA and consists of appointed members representing a broad swath of Guinean society.</p> <p> </p> <p><br><br></p>"
}
},
"Geography": {
@ -1037,10 +1037,10 @@
},
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
"total subscriptions": {
"text": "12.873 million (2019)"
"text": "14.01 million (2022)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "100.8 (2019 est.)"
"text": "102.4 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
@ -1056,25 +1056,25 @@
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced downturn, particularly in mobile device production; many network operators delayed upgrades to infrastructure; progress towards 5G implementation was postponed or slowed in some countries; consumer spending on telecom services and devices was affected by large-scale job losses and the consequent restriction on disposable incomes; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home became evident, and received some support from governments"
},
"Broadcast media": {
"text": "<p>government maintains marginal control over broadcast media; single state-run TV station; state-run radio broadcast station also operates several stations in rural areas; a dozen private television stations; a steadily increasing number of privately owned radio stations, nearly all in Conakry, and about a dozen community radio stations; foreign TV programming available via satellite and cable subscription services </p> (2019)"
"text": "<p>Government maintains marginal control over broadcast media; single state-run TV station; state-run radio broadcast station also operates several stations in rural areas; a dozen private television stations; a steadily increasing number of privately owned radio stations, nearly all in Conakry, and about a dozen community radio stations; foreign TV programming available via satellite and cable subscription services </p> (2022)"
},
"Internet country code": {
"text": ".gn"
},
"Internet users": {
"total": {
"text": "2.91 million (2021 est.)"
"text": "3.15 million (2022 est.)"
},
"percent of population": {
"text": "18% (2019 est.)"
"text": "23% (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "1,250 (2019)"
"text": "1,000 (2021 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "less than 1 (2019 est.)"
"text": "0.01 less than 1 (2021)"
}
}
},
@ -1183,7 +1183,7 @@
"text": "Voluntary and selective conscripted service, 9-24 mos (2021)"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "660 Mali (MINUSMA) (Oct 2021)"
"text": "670 Mali (MINUSMA) (Jan 2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>the Army is responsible for external defense, but also has some domestic security responsibilities; piracy and natural resource protection in the Gulf of Guinea are key areas of concern for the small Navy, which possesses only a few patrol boats</p>"

12
africa/iv.json
View file

@ -599,10 +599,10 @@
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Alassane Dramane OUATTARA (since 4 December 2010); Vice President (vacant); note - Vice President Daniel Kablan DUNCAN resigned 8 July 2020; note - the 2016 constitution calls for the establishment of the position of vice-president"
"text": "President Alassane Dramane OUATTARA (since 4 December 2010); Vice President Ti&eacute;moko Meyliet KONE (since 19 April 2022) note - Vice President Ti&eacute;moko Meyliet KONE was appointed by President Alassane Dramane OUATTARA before a Congressional meeting on 19 April 2022"
},
"head of government": {
"text": "Prime Minister Patrick ACHI (since 10 March 2021) resigns 13 April 2022; note- President Alassane Dramane OUATTARA to appoint new prime minister and cabinet in April.&nbsp;"
"text": "Prime Minister Patrick ACHI (since 19 April 2022) <br>note - Prime Minister ACHI resigned on 13 April 2022 and was reappointed by President Alassane Dramane OUATTARA before a Congressional meeting on 19 April 2022"
},
"cabinet": {
"text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president"
@ -1071,10 +1071,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "260,097 (2020)"
"text": "260,097 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "less than 1 (2020 est.)"
"text": "0.99 less than 1 (2021)"
}
}
},
@ -1130,7 +1130,7 @@
}
},
"Heliports": {
"text": "1 (2013)"
"text": "1 (2021)"
},
"Pipelines": {
"text": "101 km condensate, 256 km gas, 118 km oil, 5 km oil/gas/water, 7 km water (2013)"
@ -1207,7 +1207,7 @@
"text": "18-25 years of age for compulsory and voluntary male and female military service; conscription is not enforced; voluntary recruitment of former rebels into the new national army is restricted to ages 22-29 (2021)"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "800 Mali (MINUSMA) (Oct 2021)"
"text": "860 Mali (MINUSMA) (Jan 2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the military has mutinied several times since the late 1990s, most recently in 2017, and has had a large role in the country’s political turmoil; as of late 2021, the FACI was focused on internal security and the growing threat posed by Islamic militants associated with the al-Qa’ida in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM) terrorist group operating across the border in Burkina Faso; AQIM militants conducted significant attacks in the country in 2016 and 2020; Côte d’Ivoire since 2016 has stepped up border security and completed building a joint counter-terrorism training center with France near Abidjan in 2020<br><br>the UN maintained a 9,000-strong peacekeeping force in Cote d’Ivoire (UNOCI) from 2004 until 2017"

10
africa/ke.json
View file

@ -603,13 +603,13 @@
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>Senate (67 seats; 47 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote and 20 directly elected by proportional representation vote - 16 women, 2 representing youth, and 2 representing the disabled; members serve 5-year terms)<br>National Assembly (349 seats; 290 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote, 47 women in single-seat constituencies elected by simple majority vote, and 12 members nominated by the National Assembly - 6 representing youth and 6 representing the disabled; members serve 5-year terms)"
"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>Senate (68 seats; 47 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote and 20 directly elected by proportional representation vote - 16 women, 2 representing youth, 2 representing the disabled, and the Senate speaker; members serve 5-year terms)<br>National Assembly (350 seats; 290 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote, 47 women in single-seat constituencies elected by simple majority vote, and 12 members nominated by the National Assembly - 6 representing youth and 6 representing the disabled, and the Assembly speaker; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "Senate - last held on 8 August 2017 (next to be held in August 2022)<br>National Assembly - last held on 8 August 2017 (next to be held on 9 August 2022)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Senate - percent of vote by party/coalition - NA; seats by party/coalition - Jubilee Party 24; National Super Alliance 28, other 14, independent 1; composition - men 46, women 41, percent of women is 31.3%<br><br>National Assembly - percent of vote by party/coalition - NA; seats by party/coalition - Jubilee Party 165, National Super Alliance 119, other 51, independent 13; composition - men 273, women 76, percent of women 21.8%; note - total Parliament percent of women is 23%"
"text": "Senate - percent of vote by party/coalition - NA; seats by party/coalition - Jubilee Party 24; National Super Alliance 28, other 14, independent 1; composition - men 47, women 21, percent of women is 30.9%<br><br>National Assembly - percent of vote by party/coalition - NA; seats by party/coalition - Jubilee Party 165, National Super Alliance 119, other 51, independent 13; composition - men 275, women 75, percent of women 21.4%; note - total Parliament percent of women 23%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
@ -1080,10 +1080,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "674,191 (2020)"
"text": "674,191 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "1.25 (2020 est.)"
"text": "1.25 (2021)"
}
}
},
@ -1221,7 +1221,7 @@
"text": "no conscription; 18-26 years of age for male and female voluntary service (under 18 with parental consent; upper limit 30 years of age for specialists, tradesmen, or women with a diploma; 39 years of age for chaplains/imams), with a 9-year obligation (7 years for Kenyan Navy) and subsequent 3-year re-enlistments; applicants must be Kenyan citizens (2021)"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "3,650 Somalia (AMISOM) (2021)"
"text": "260 Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO); 3,650 Somalia (AMISOM) (2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>Kenyan military forces intervened in Somalia in October 2011 to combat the al Qaida-affiliated al-Shabaab terrorist group, which had conducted numerous cross-border attacks into Kenya; in November 2011, the UN and the African Union invited Kenya to incorporate the force into the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM); Kenyan forces were formally integrated into AMISOM in February 2012; as of mid-2021, they consisted of approximately 3,600 troops and were responsible for AMISOM’s Sector 2 comprising Lower and Middle Jubba (see Appendix-T for additional details on al-Shabaab)</p>"

6
africa/li.json
View file

@ -1016,10 +1016,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "9,000 (2017 est.)"
"text": "13,000 (2021 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "less than 1 (2019 est.)"
"text": "0.26 less than 1 (2021 est.)"
}
}
},
@ -1130,7 +1130,7 @@
"note": "note - as of 2020, women made up about .4% of the active military"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "150 Mali (MINUSMA) (Oct 2021)"
"text": "160 Mali (MINUSMA) (Feb 2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>the first militia unit established for defense of the colony was raised in 1832; the Armed Forces of Liberia (AFL) traces its origins to the 1908 establishment of the Liberia Frontier Force, which became the Liberian National Guard in 1965; the AFL was established in 1970; at the end of the second civil war in 2003, military and police forces were disbanded and approximately 100,000 military, police, and rebel combatants were disarmed; the AFL began to rebuild in 2003 with US assistance and the first infantry battalion of the restructured AFL was re-activated in late 2007; a second battalion was added in 2008</p> <p>the UN Mission in Liberia (UNMIL) was established in 2003 as a peacekeeping force; at its height, UNMIL was comprised of about 15,000 personnel, including more than 3,000 troops absorbed from the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) peacekeeping mission; Liberian forces reassumed full control of the country’s security in June of 2016, and the UNMIL mission was ended in 2018</p> <p>as of 2021, the AFL was comprised mostly of a small ground force consisting of 2 infantry battalions, while the Coast Guard had only a few small patrol boats; the AFL had no aircraft</p>"

4
africa/lt.json
View file

@ -1030,10 +1030,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "5,060 (2020)"
"text": "5,060 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "less than 1 (2020 est.)"
"text": "0.24 less than 1 (2021)"
}
}
},

6
africa/ly.json
View file

@ -961,10 +961,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "318,000 (2017 est.)"
"text": "33,200 (2021 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "4.83 (2019 est.)"
"text": "4.83 (2021 est.)"
}
}
},
@ -1029,7 +1029,7 @@
}
},
"Heliports": {
"text": "2 (2013)"
"text": "2 (2021)"
},
"Pipelines": {
"text": "882 km condensate, 3743 km gas, 7005 km oil (2013)"

8
africa/ma.json
View file

@ -591,10 +591,10 @@
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>Senate or Antenimieran-Doholona (reestablished on 22 January 2016, following the December 2015 senatorial election) (63 seats; 42 members indirectly elected by an electoral college of municipal, communal, regional, and provincial leaders and 21 appointed by the president of the republic; members serve 5-year terms); <strong>note </strong>- in December 2020 Pres RAJOELINA ordered that the senate now have only 18 seats, 6 of which are appointed by the president, the remaining 12 indirectly elected by an electoral college of municipal, communal, regional, and provincial leaders; opposition parties' boycotted this legislative election <br>National Assembly or Antenimierampirenena (151 seats; 87 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote and 64 directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by closed-list proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms)"
"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>Senate or Antenimieran-Doholona (reestablished on 22 January 2016, following the December 2015 senatorial election) (63 seats; 42 members indirectly elected by an electoral college of municipal, communal, regional, and provincial leaders and 21 appointed by the president of the republic; members serve 5-year terms); note - in December 2020 Pres RAJOELINA ordered that the senate now have only 18 seats, 6 of which are appointed by the president, the remaining 12 indirectly elected by an electoral college of municipal, communal, regional, and provincial leaders;<br>National Assembly or Antenimierampirenena (151 seats; 87 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote and 64 directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by closed-list proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "Senate - last held 29 December 2015 (next to be held in 2021)<br>National Assembly - last held on 27 May 2019 (next to be held in 2024)"
"text": "Senate - last held 29 December 2015 (scheduled for 2021; note - opposition parties boycotted this legislative election)<br>National Assembly - last held on 27 May 2019 (next to be held in 2024)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - HVM 34, TIM 3, MAPAR 2, LEADER-Fanilo 1, independent 2, appointed by the president 21; composition - men 51, women 12, percent of women 19%<br>National Assembly - percent of vote by party -Independent Pro-HVM 18%, MAPAR 17%, MAPAR pro-HVM 16%, VPM-MMM 10%, VERTS 3%, LEADER FANILO 3%, HIARAKA ISIKA 3%, GPS/ARD 7%,  INDEPENDENT 9%, TAMBATRA 1%, TIM 13%;  composition - men 120, women 31, percent of women 20.5%; note - total National Assembly percent of women 20.1%"
@ -1043,10 +1043,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "27,211 (2018)"
"text": "32,000 (2021 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "less than 1 (2018 est.)"
"text": "0.12 less than 1 (2021 est.)"
}
}
},

6
africa/mi.json
View file

@ -1058,10 +1058,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "12,255 (2020)"
"text": "12,255 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "less than 1 (2020 est.)"
"text": "0.06 less than 1 (2021)"
}
}
},
@ -1176,7 +1176,7 @@
"text": "18 years of age for voluntary military service (men and women); high school equivalent required for enlisted recruits and college equivalent for officer recruits; initial engagement is 7 years for enlisted personnel and 10 years for officers (2021)"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "700 Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO) (Oct 2021)"
"text": "700 Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO) (Feb 2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>as of 2021, the Malawi Defense Force’s primary responsibility was external security; it was also tasked as necessary with carrying out policing or other domestic activities, such as disaster relief; Malawi contributes regularly to African Union and UN peace support operations</p>"

28
africa/ml.json
View file

@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
{
"Introduction": {
"Background": {
"text": "<p>Present-day Mali is named after the Mali Empire that ruled the region between the 13th and 16th centuries. At its peak in the 14th century, it was the largest and wealthiest empire in West Africa and controlled an area about twice the size of modern-day France. Primarily a trading empire, Mali derived its wealth from gold and maintained several goldfields and trade routes in the Sahel. The empire also influenced West African culture through the spread of its language, laws, and customs, but by the 16th century it fragmented into mostly small chiefdoms.  The Songhai Empire, previously a Mali dependency centered in Timbuktu, gained prominence in the 15th and 16th centuries. Under Songhai rule, Timbuktu became a large commercial center and well-known for its scholarship and religious teaching. Timbuktu remains a center of culture in West Africa today. In the late 16th century, the Songhai Empire fell to Moroccan invaders and disintegrated into independent sultanates and kingdoms.</p> <p>France, expanding from Senegal, seized control of the area in the 1890s and incorporated it into French West Africa as French Sudan. In 1960, French Sudan gained independence from France and became the Mali Federation. When Senegal withdrew after only a few months, the remaining area was renamed the Republic of Mali. Mali saw 31 years of dictatorship until 1991, when a military coup led by Amadou Toumani TOURE ousted the government, established a new constitution, and instituted a multi-party democracy. President Alpha Oumar KONARE won Mali's first two democratic presidential elections in 1992 and 1997. In keeping with Mali's two-term constitutional limit, he stepped down in 2002 and was succeeded by Amadou Toumani TOURE, who won a second term in 2007.</p> <p>In 2012, rising ethnic tensions and an influx of fighters - some linked to Al-Qa’ida - from Libya led to a rebellion and military coup. Following the coup, rebels expelled the military from the country’s three northern regions, allowing terrorist organizations to develop strongholds in the area. With French military intervention, the Malian Government managed to retake most of the north. However, the government’s grasp in the region remains weak with local militias, terrorists, and insurgent groups continuously trying to expand control. In 2015, the Malian Government and northern rebels signed an internationally mediated peace accord. Despite a June 2017 target for implementation of the agreement, the signatories have made little progress. Extremist groups were left out of the peace process, and terrorist attacks remain common.  </p> <p>Ibrahim Boubacar KEITA won the Malian presidential elections in 2013 and 2018. Aside from security and logistic shortfalls, international observers deemed these elections credible. Terrorism, banditry, ethnic-based violence, and extra-judicial military killings plagued the country during KEITA’s second term. In August 2020, the military arrested KEITA, his prime minister, and other senior members of the government and established a military junta called the National Committee for the Salvation of the People (CNSP). In September 2020, the junta established a transition government and appointed Bah N’DAW, a retired army officer and former defense minister, as interim president and Colonel Assimi GOITA, the coup leader and chairman of the CNSP, as interim vice president. The transition government’s charter allows it to rule for up to 18 months before calling a general election.  <br><br>In May 2021, Colonel Assimi GOITA arrested the interim president in a second coup in an effort to slow election preparations, claiming that the transition government needed to prioritize improving security before elections occur. In June 2021, Mali’s military transitional leaders appointed Choguel Kokalla MAIGA as prime minister.<br><br></p>"
"text": "<p>Present-day Mali is named after the Mali Empire that ruled the region between the 13th and 16th centuries. At its peak in the 14th century, it was the largest and wealthiest empire in West Africa and controlled an area about twice the size of modern-day France. Primarily a trading empire, Mali derived its wealth from gold and maintained several goldfields and trade routes in the Sahel. The empire also influenced West African culture through the spread of its language, laws, and customs, but by the 16th century it fragmented into mostly small chiefdoms.  The Songhai Empire, previously a Mali dependency centered in Timbuktu, gained prominence in the 15th and 16th centuries. Under Songhai rule, Timbuktu became a large commercial center and well-known for its scholarship and religious teaching. Timbuktu remains a center of culture in West Africa today. In the late 16th century, the Songhai Empire fell to Moroccan invaders and disintegrated into independent sultanates and kingdoms.</p> <p>France, expanding from Senegal, seized control of the area in the 1890s and incorporated it into French West Africa as French Sudan. In 1960, French Sudan gained independence from France and became the Mali Federation. When Senegal withdrew after only a few months, the remaining area was renamed the Republic of Mali. Mali saw 31 years of dictatorship until 1991, when a military coup led by Amadou Toumani TOURE ousted the government, established a new constitution, and instituted a multi-party democracy. President Alpha Oumar KONARE won Mali's first two democratic presidential elections in 1992 and 1997. In keeping with Mali's two-term constitutional limit, he stepped down in 2002 and was succeeded by Amadou Toumani TOURE, who won a second term in 2007.</p> <p>In 2012, rising ethnic tensions and an influx of fighters - some linked to Al-Qa’ida - from Libya led to a rebellion and military coup. Following the coup, rebels expelled the military from the country’s three northern regions, allowing terrorist organizations to develop strongholds in the area. With French military intervention, the Malian Government managed to retake most of the north. However, the government’s grasp in the region remains weak with local militias, terrorists, and insurgent groups continuously trying to expand control. In 2015, the Malian Government and northern rebels signed an internationally mediated peace accord. Despite a June 2017 target for implementation of the agreement, the signatories have made little progress. Extremist groups were left out of the peace process, and terrorist attacks remain common.  </p> <p>Ibrahim Boubacar KEITA won the Malian presidential elections in 2013 and 2018. Aside from security and logistic shortfalls, international observers deemed these elections credible. Terrorism, banditry, ethnic-based violence, and extra-judicial military killings plagued the country during KEITA’s second term. In August 2020, the military arrested KEITA, his prime minister, and other senior members of the government and established a military junta called the National Committee for the Salvation of the People (CNSP). In September 2020, the junta established a transition government and appointed Bah N’DAW, a retired army officer and former defense minister, as interim president and Colonel Assimi GOITA, the coup leader and chairman of the CNSP, as interim vice president. The transition government’s charter allowed it to rule for up to 18 months before calling a general election.  <br><br>In May 2021, Colonel Assimi GOITA led a military takeover, arresting the interim president after a Cabinet shake up removed Goita’s key allies. Goita was sworn in as transition president in June 2021 and Choguel Kokalla MAIGA was sworn in as prime minister. In January 2022, ECOWAS imposed sanctions against the transition government and member states closed their borders after the transition government presented a five-year extension to the electoral calendar. ECOWAS and the transition government continue to work to negotiate an acceptable electoral calendar.</p>"
}
},
"Geography": {
@ -570,7 +570,7 @@
"text": "several previous; latest drafted August 1991, approved by referendum 12 January 1992, effective 25 February 1992, suspended briefly in 2012"
},
"amendments": {
"text": "proposed by the president of the republic or by members of the National Assembly; passage requires two-thirds majority vote by the Assembly and approval in a referendum; constitutional sections on the integrity of the state, its republican and secular form of government, and its multiparty system cannot be amended; note - in early 2021, Prime Minister Moctar OUANE called for adopting a new constitution"
"text": "proposed by the president of the republic or by members of the National Assembly; passage requires two-thirds majority vote by the Assembly and approval in a referendum; constitutional sections on the integrity of the state, its republican and secular form of government, and its multiparty system cannot be amended; note - the transition government intends to adopt a new constitution"
}
},
"Legal system": {
@ -598,16 +598,16 @@
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "Transitional President Assimi GOITA (since 7 June 2021)<br><br>note: an August 2020 coup d'etat deposed President Ibrahim Boubacar KEITA; on 21 September 2020, a group of 17 electors chosen by the Malian military junta, known as the National Committee for the Salvation of the People (CNSP) and led by Colonel Assimi GOITA, selected Bah NDAW as transitional president; GOITA served as vice president of the transitional government which was inaugurated on 25 September 2020; Vice President GOITA seized power on 25 May 2021; NDAW resigned on 26 May 2021"
"text": "Transition President Assimi GOITA (since 7 June 2021)<br><br>note: an August 2020 coup d'etat deposed President Ibrahim Boubacar KEITA; on 21 September 2020, a group of 17 electors chosen by the Malian military junta, known as the National Committee for the Salvation of the People (CNSP) and led by Colonel Assimi GOITA, selected Bah NDAW as transition president; GOITA served as vice president of the transitional government which was inaugurated on 25 September 2020; Vice President GOITA seized power on 25 May 2021; NDAW resigned on 26 May 2021"
},
"head of government": {
"text": "Transitional Prime Minister Choguel MAIGA (appointed by Transitional President Assimi GOITA on 7 June 2021)<br><br>note: former Prime Minister Moctar OUANE was arrested and detained by the military on 24 May 2021 and resigned on 26 May 2021"
"text": "Transition Prime Minister Choguel MAIGA (appointed by Transitional President Assimi GOITA on 7 June 2021)<br><br>note: former transition Prime Minister Moctar OUANE was arrested and detained by the military on 24 May 2021 and resigned on 26 May 2021"
},
"cabinet": {
"text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 29 July 2018 with runoff on 12 August 2018; prime minister appointed by the president; note - on 21 February 2022, the transitional government adopted a charter allowing transitional authorities to rule for up to 5 years; thereafter Transitional President GOITA is barred from being a candidate in presidential elections."
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 29 July 2018 with runoff on 12 August 2018; prime minister appointed by the president; note - on 21 February 2022, the transition government adopted a charter allowing transition authorities to rule for up to 5 years; thereafter transition President GOITA is barred from being a candidate in presidential elections."
},
"election results": {
"text": "Ibrahim Boubacar KEITA elected president in second round; percent of vote - Ibrahim Boubacar KEITA (RPM) 77.6%, Soumaila CISSE (URD) 22.4%"
@ -615,10 +615,10 @@
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (147 seats; members directly elected in single and multi-seat constituencies by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed; 13 seats reserved for citizens living abroad; members serve 5-year terms)<br><br>note - the National Assembly was dissolved on 18 August 2020 following a military coup and the resignation of President KEITA"
"text": "unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (147 seats; members directly elected in single and multi-seat constituencies by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed; 13 seats reserved for citizens living abroad; members serve 5-year terms)<br><br>note - the National Assembly was dissolved on 18 August 2020 following a military coup and the resignation of President KEITA; note - the transition government created a National Transition Council (CNT) whose 121 members were selected by then-transition vice president Assimi GOITA; the CNT acts as the transition government's legislative body with Malick DIAW serving as the president; in February 2022 the CNT increased the number of seats to 147 but the additional seats have not yet been filled"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 30 March and 19 April 2020 (next scheduled for 27 February 2022)"
"text": "last held on 30 March and 19 April 2020"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA composition - NA"
@ -636,14 +636,14 @@
}
},
"Political parties and leaders": {
"text": "African Solidarity for Democracy and Independence or SADI [Oumar MARIKO]<br>Alliance for Democracy in Mali-Pan-African Party for Liberty, Solidarity, and Justice or ADEMA-PASJ [Tiemoko SANGARE]<br>Alliance for Democracy and Progress or ADP-Maliba [Amadou THIAM]<br>Alliance for the Solidarity of Mali-Convergence of Patriotic Forces or ASMA-CFP [Soumeylou Boubeye MAIGA]<br>Alternative Forces for Renewal and Emergence or FARE [Modibo SIDIBE]<br>Convergence for the Development of Mali or CODEM [Housseyni Amion GUINDO]<br>Democratic Alliance for Peace or ADP-Maliba [Aliou Boubacar DIALLO]<br>Economic and Social Development Party or PDES [Jamille BITTAR]<br>Front for Democracy and the Republic or FDR (coalition of smaller opposition parties)<br>National Congress for Democratic Initiative or CNID [Mountaga TALL]<br>Party for National Renewal or PARENA [Tiebile DRAME]<br>Patriotic Movement for Renewal or MPR [Choguel Kokalla MAIGA]<br>Rally for Mali or RPM [Boucary TRETA]<br>Union for Republic and Democracy or URD [Younoussi TOURE]"
"text": "African Solidarity for Democracy and Independence or SADI [Oumar MARIKO]<br>Alliance for Democracy in Mali-Pan-African Party for Liberty, Solidarity, and Justice or ADEMA-PASJ [Tiemoko SANGARE]<br>Alliance for Democracy and Progress or ADP-Maliba [Amadou THIAM]<br>Alliance for the Solidarity of Mali-Convergence of Patriotic Forces or ASMA-CFP [Amadou CISSE] (vice-president, acting)<br>Alternative Forces for Renewal and Emergence or FARE [Modibo SIDIBE]<br>Convergence for the Development of Mali or CODEM [Housseyni Amion GUINDO]<br>Democratic Alliance for Peace or ADP-Maliba [Aliou Boubacar DIALLO]<br>Economic and Social Development Party or PDES [Jamille BITTAR]<br>Front for Democracy and the Republic or FDR (coalition of smaller opposition parties)<br>National Congress for Democratic Initiative or CNID [Mountaga TALL]<br>Party for National Renewal or PARENA [Tiebile DRAME]<br>Patriotic Movement for Renewal or MPR [Choguel Kokalla MAIGA]<br>Rally for Mali or RPM [Boucary TRETA]<br>Union for Republic and Democracy or URD [Younoussi TOURE]"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ACP, AfDB, AU, CD, ECOWAS, EITI (compliant country), FAO, FZ, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MONUSCO, NAM, OIC, OIF, OPCW, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNMISS, UNWTO, UPU, WADB (regional), WAEMU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
"text": "ACP, AfDB, AU (suspended), CD, ECOWAS (suspended), EITI (compliant country), FAO, FZ, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MONUSCO, NAM, OIC, OIF, OPCW, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNDP, UNESCO, UNFPA, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNMISS, UNOPS, UN Women, UNWTO, UPU, WADB (regional), WAEMU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {
"text": "Ambassador Mahamadou NIMAGA (since 22 June 2018)"
"text": "Ambassador (appointed) Sekou BERTHE (since April 2022)"
},
"chancery": {
"text": "2130 R Street NW, Washington, DC 20008"
@ -1069,10 +1069,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "243,806 (2020)"
"text": "243,806 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "1.2 (2020 est.)"
"text": "1.2 (2021)"
}
}
},
@ -1122,7 +1122,7 @@
}
},
"Heliports": {
"text": "2 (2013)"
"text": "2 (2021)"
},
"Railways": {
"total": {
@ -1181,7 +1181,7 @@
"text": "Mali is part of a five-nation anti-jihadist task force known as the G5 Sahel Group, set up in 2014 with Burkina Faso, Chad, Mauritania, and Niger; it has committed 1,100 troops and 200 gendarmes to the force; in early 2020, G5 Sahel military chiefs of staff agreed to allow defense forces from each of the states to pursue terrorist fighters up to 100 km into neighboring countries; the G5 force is backed by the UN, US, and France; G5 troops periodically conduct joint operations with French forces deployed to the Sahel under Operation Barkhane&nbsp;"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "prior to the coups in August 2020 and May 2021, the Malian military had intervened in the political arena at least five times since the country gained independence in 1960; two attempts failed (1976 and 1978), while three succeeded in overturning civilian rule (1968, 1991, and 2012); the military collapsed in 2012 during the fighting against Tuareg rebels and Islamic militants; it has been since rebuilt, but continues to have limited capabilities and is heavily reliant on external assistance <br><br>as of 2022, Malian security forces were conducting operations against insurgents and terrorist groups in the eastern, central, and northern parts of the country<br><br>the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali (MINUSMA) has operated in the country since 2013; the Mission's responsibilities include providing security, rebuilding Malian security forces, supporting national political dialogue, and assisting in the reestablishment of Malian government authority; as of November 2021, MINUSMA had around 18,000 personnel deployed; in June 2021, MINUSMA's mission was extended until the end of June 2022<br><br>the European Union Training Mission in Mali (EUTM-M) and the French military have also operated in the country since 2013; the EUTM-M provides advice and training to the Malian Armed Forces and military assistance to the G5 Sahel Joint Force; as 2021, the mission included almost 700 personnel from 25 European countries; as of early 2022, the French had approximately 2,400 troops providing military assistance and conducting counter-terrorism/counter-insurgency operations; note - in February 2022, France announced it would remove its personnel from Mali, citing obstructions from the ruling military government; in April of 2022, the EU said it would halt its training program in Mali"
"text": "prior to the coups in August 2020 and May 2021, the Malian military had intervened in the political arena at least five times since the country gained independence in 1960; two attempts failed (1976 and 1978), while three succeeded in overturning civilian rule (1968, 1991, and 2012); the military collapsed in 2012 during the fighting against Tuareg rebels and Islamic militants; it has been since rebuilt, but continues to have limited capabilities and is heavily reliant on external assistance <br><br>as of 2022, Malian security forces were conducting operations against insurgents and terrorist groups in the eastern, central, and northern parts of the country<br><br>the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali (MINUSMA) has operated in the country since 2013; the Mission's responsibilities include providing security, rebuilding Malian security forces, supporting national political dialogue, and assisting in the reestablishment of Malian government authority; as of February 2022, MINUSMA had around 14,000 personnel deployed<br><br>the European Union Training Mission in Mali (EUTM-M) and the French military have also operated in the country since 2013; the EUTM-M provides advice and training to the Malian Armed Forces and military assistance to the G5 Sahel Joint Force; as 2021, the mission included almost 700 personnel from 25 European countries; as of early 2022, the French had approximately 2,400 troops providing military assistance and conducting counter-terrorism/counter-insurgency operations; note - in February 2022, France announced it would remove its personnel from Mali, citing obstructions from the ruling military government; in April of 2022, the EU said it would halt its training program in Mali"
}
},
"Terrorism": {

10
africa/mo.json
View file

@ -1083,10 +1083,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "2,102,434 (2020)"
"text": "2,102,434 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "5.7 (2020 est.)"
"text": "5.7 (2021)"
}
},
"Communications - note": {
@ -1154,7 +1154,7 @@
}
},
"Heliports": {
"text": "1 (2013)"
"text": "1 (2021)"
},
"Pipelines": {
"text": "944 km gas, 270 km oil, 175 km refined products (2013)"
@ -1224,10 +1224,10 @@
"text": "19-25 years of age for 12-month compulsory military service (reintroduced in 2019); both sexes are obligated to military service (2021)"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "870 Central African Republic (MINUSCA); 920 Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO) (Sep 2021)"
"text": "770 Central African Republic (MINUSCA); 920 Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO) (Feb 2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>the UN Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO) was established by Security Council resolution 690 in April 1991 in accordance with settlement proposals accepted in August 1988 by Morocco and the Polisario Front (aka Frente Popular para la Liberación de Saguia el-Hamra y de Río de Oro or Frente Polisario); MINURSO was unable to carry out all the original settlement proposals, but as of 2021 continued to monitor the cease-fire and reduce the threat of mines and unexploded ordnance, and has provided logistic support to the Office of the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)-led confidence building measures with personnel and air and ground assets; as of July 2021, MINURSO had about 200 military personnel assigned<br><br>Morocco has Major Non-NATO Ally (MNNA) status with the US; MNNA is a designation under US law that provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense trade and security cooperation; while MNNA status provides military and economic privileges, it does not entail any security commitments</p>"
"text": "<p>the UN Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO) was established by Security Council resolution 690 in April 1991 in accordance with settlement proposals accepted in August 1988 by Morocco and the Polisario Front (aka Frente Popular para la Liberación de Saguia el-Hamra y de Río de Oro or Frente Polisario); MINURSO was unable to carry out all the original settlement proposals, but as of 2021 continued to monitor the cease-fire and reduce the threat of mines and unexploded ordnance, and has provided logistic support to the Office of the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)-led confidence building measures with personnel and air and ground assets<br><br>Morocco has Major Non-NATO Ally (MNNA) status with the US; MNNA is a designation under US law that provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense trade and security cooperation; while MNNA status provides military and economic privileges, it does not entail any security commitments</p>"
}
},
"Terrorism": {

16
africa/mp.json
View file

@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
{
"Introduction": {
"Background": {
"text": "<p>Although known to Arab and European sailors since at least the early 1500s, the island of Mauritius was uninhabited until 1638 when the Dutch established a settlement named in honor of Prince Maurits van NASSAU. Their presence led to the rapid disappearance of the flightless dodo bird that has since become one of the most well-known examples of extinction in modern times. The Dutch abandoned their financially distressed settlement in 1710, although a number of formerly enslaved people remained. In 1722, the French established what would become a highly profitable settlement focused on sugar cane plantations that were reliant on the labor of enslaved people brought to Mauritius from other parts of Africa. In the 1790s, the island had a brief period of autonomous rule when plantation owners rejected French control because of laws ending slavery that were temporarily in effect during the French Revolution. Britain captured the Island in 1810 as part of the Napoleonic Wars, but kept most of the French administrative structure which remains to this day in the form of the country’s legal codes and widespread use of French Creole language. The abolition of slavery in 1835 - later than most other British colonies - led to increased reliance on contracted laborers from the Indian subcontinent to work on plantations. Today their descendants form the majority of the population. Mauritius remained a strategically important British naval base, and later an air station, playing a role during World War II for anti-submarine and convoy operations, as well as for the collection of signals intelligence.</p> <p>Mauritius gained independence from the UK in 1968 as a Parliamentary Republic and has remained a stable democracy with regular free elections and a positive human rights record. The country also attracted considerable foreign investment and now has one of Africa's highest per capita incomes. Mauritius’ often fractious coalition politics has been dominated by two prominent families each of which has had father-son pairs who have been prime minister over multiple, often nonconsecutive, terms. Seewoosagur Ramgoolam (1968-76) was Mauritius’ first prime minister and he was succeeded by Anerood Jugnauth (1982-95, 2000-03, 2014-17); his son Navin Ramgoolam (1995-2000, 2005-14); and Paul Raymond Berenger (2003-05). In 2017, Pravind Jugnauth became prime minister after his father stepped down short of completing his term, and he was elected in his own right in 2019. Mauritius claims the French island of Tromelin and the British Chagos Archipelago (British Indian Ocean Territory). Since 2017, Mauritius has secured favorable UN General Assembly (UNGA) resolutions and an International Court of Justice (ICJ) advisory opinion relating to its sovereignty dispute with the UK.</p>"
"text": "<p>Although known to Arab and European sailors since at least the early 1500s, the island of Mauritius was uninhabited until 1638 when the Dutch established a settlement named in honor of Prince Maurits van NASSAU. Their presence led to the rapid disappearance of the flightless dodo bird that has since become one of the most well-known examples of extinction in modern times. The Dutch abandoned their financially distressed settlement in 1710, although a number of formerly enslaved people remained. In 1722, the French established what would become a highly profitable settlement focused on sugar cane plantations that were reliant on the labor of enslaved people brought to Mauritius from other parts of Africa. In the 1790s, the island had a brief period of autonomous rule when plantation owners rejected French control because of laws ending slavery that were temporarily in effect during the French Revolution. Britain captured the Island in 1810 as part of the Napoleonic Wars, but kept most of the French administrative structure which remains to this day in the form of the country’s legal codes and widespread use of French Creole language. The abolition of slavery in 1835 - later than most other British colonies - led to increased reliance on contracted laborers from the Indian subcontinent to work on plantations. Today their descendants form the majority of the population. Mauritius remained a strategically important British naval base, and later an air station, playing a role during World War II for anti-submarine and convoy operations, as well as for the collection of signals intelligence.</p> <p>Mauritius gained independence from the UK in 1968 as a Parliamentary Republic and has remained a stable democracy with regular free elections and a positive human rights record. The country also attracted considerable foreign investment and now has one of Africa's highest per capita incomes. Mauritius’ often fractious coalition politics has been dominated by two prominent families each of which has had father-son pairs who have been prime minister over multiple, often nonconsecutive, terms. Seewoosagur Ramgoolam (1968-76) was Mauritius’ first prime minister and he was succeeded by Anerood Jugnauth (1982-95, 2000-03, 2014-17); his son Navin Ramgoolam (1995-2000, 2005-14); and Paul Raymond Berenger (2003-05), the only non-Hindu prime minister of post-independence Mauritius. In 2017, Pravind Jugnauth became prime minister after his father stepped down short of completing his term, and he was elected in his own right in 2019. Mauritius claims the French island of Tromelin and the British Chagos Archipelago (British Indian Ocean Territory). Since 2017, Mauritius has secured favorable UN General Assembly (UNGA) resolutions and an International Court of Justice (ICJ) advisory opinion relating to its sovereignty dispute with the UK.</p>"
}
},
"Geography": {
@ -512,7 +512,7 @@
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Pritivirajsing ROOPUN (since December 2019); Vice President Marie Cyril Eddy Boiss&eacute;zon (2 December 2019) note - President Ameenah GURIB-FAKIM (since 5 June 2015) resigned on 23 March 2018 amid a credit card scandal"
"text": "President Pritivirajsing ROOPUN (since December 2019); Vice President Marie Cyril Eddy Boiss&eacute;zon (2 December 2019) note - President Ameenah GURIB-FAKIM (since 5 June 2015), the country's first female president, resigned on 23 March 2018 amid a credit card scandal"
},
"head of government": {
"text": "Prime Minister Pravind JUGNAUTH (since 23 January 2017, remains PM after parliamentary election 7 Nov 2019); note - Prime Minister Sir Anerood JUGNAUTH (since 17 December 2014) stepped down on 23 January 2017 in favor of his son, Pravind Kumar JUGNAUTH, who was then appointed prime minister; 7 Nov 2019 Pravind Jugnauth remains prime minister and home affairs minister and also becomes defense minister (2019)"
@ -524,7 +524,7 @@
"text": "president and vice president indirectly elected by the National Assembly for 5-year renewable terms; election last held on&nbsp;7 Nov 2019&nbsp;(next to be held in&nbsp;2024); prime minister and deputy prime minister appointed by the president, responsible to the National Assembly (2019)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "seats&nbsp;by party as of 7/11/2019- (MSM) 38, (PTR) 14, (MMM) 8, (OPR) 2;&nbsp;note - GURIB-FAKIM, Mauritius'- first female president, resigned on 23 March 2018 (2018)"
"text": "seats by party as of 7/11/2019 - (MSM) 38, (PTR) 14, (MMM) 8, (OPR) 2 (2018)"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
@ -535,12 +535,12 @@
"text": "last held on&nbsp;7&nbsp;November 2019&nbsp;(next to be held by late&nbsp;2024)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - MSM 61%, Labour Party 23%, MMM 13%, OPR 3%; elected seats by party&nbsp;as of - the Militant Socialist Movement (MSM) wins 38 seats, the Labour Party (PTR) or (MLP)&nbsp;14,&nbsp; Mauritian Militant Movement (MMM)&nbsp;8 and the Rodrigues People's Organization (OPR) 2; composition - men&nbsp;49,&nbsp;women 13; percent of women 20% (2019)"
"text": "percent of vote by party - MSM 61%,&nbsp; Mauritius Labour Party 23%, MMM 13%, OPR 3%; elected seats by party as of - the Militant Socialist Movement (MSM) wins 38 seats, the Mauritius Labour Party (PTR) or (MLP) 14, Mauritian Militant Movement (MMM) 8 and the Rodrigues People's Organization (OPR) 2; composition - men 49, women 13; percent of women 20% (2019)"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court of Mauritius (consists of the chief justice, a senior puisne judge, and 18 puisne judges); note - the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (in London) serves as the final court of appeal"
"text": "Supreme Court of Mauritius (consists of the chief justice, a senior puisne judge, and 24 puisne judges); note - the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (in London) serves as the final court of appeal"
},
"judge selection and term of office": {
"text": "chief justice appointed by the president after consultation with the prime minister; senior puisne judge appointed by the president with the advice of the chief justice; other puisne judges appointed by the president with the advice of the Judicial and Legal Commission, a 4-member body of judicial officials including the chief justice; all judges serve until retirement at age 67"
@ -550,7 +550,7 @@
}
},
"Political parties and leaders": {
"text": "Alliance Lepep (Alliance of the People) [Pravind JUGNAUTH] (coalition includes MSM and ML)<br>Labor Party (Parti Travailliste) or PTR or MLP [Navinchandra RAMGOOLAM]<br>Mauritian Militant Movement (Mouvement Militant Mauricien) or MMM [Paul BERENGER]<br>Mauritian Social Democratic Party (Parti Mauricien Social Democrate) or PMSD [Xavier Luc DUVAL]<br>Militant Socialist Movement (Mouvement Socialist Mauricien) or MSM [Pravind JUGNAUTH]<br>Muvman Liberater or ML [Ivan COLLENDAVELLOO]<br>Patriotic Movement (Mouvement Patriotic) [Alan GANOO]<br>Rodrigues Peoples Organization (Organisation du Peuple Rodriguais) or OPR [Serge CLAIR]"
"text": "Alliance Morisien (Mauritian Alliance 2019; coalition includes MSM, ML, Patriotic Movement, and Militant Platform) [Pravind JUGNAUTH] <br>Mauritius Labor Party (Parti Travailliste) or PTR or MLP [Navinchandra RAMGOOLAM]<br>Mauritian Militant Movement (Mouvement Militant Mauricien) or MMM [Paul BERENGER]<br>Mauritian People's Union (Linion Pep Morisien) [Bruneau LAURETTE and Dev SUNNASY]<br>Mauritian Rally (Rassemblement Mauricien) [Nando BODHA]<br>Mauritian Social Democratic Party (Parti Mauricien Social Democrate) or PMSD [Xavier Luc DUVAL]<br>Militant Platform (Plateforme Militante) [Steven OBEEGADOO]<br>Militant Socialist Movement (Mouvement Socialist Mauricien) or MSM [Pravind JUGNAUTH]<br>Muvman Liberater or ML [Ivan COLLENDAVELLOO]<br>Patriotic Movement (Mouvement Patriotic) [Alan GANOO]<br>Rodrigues Peoples Organization (Organisation du Peuple Rodriguais) or OPR [Serge CLAIR]"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ACP, AfDB, AOSIS, AU, C, CD, COMESA, CPLP (associate), FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, InOC, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, OIF, OPCW, PCA, SAARC (observer), SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
@ -983,10 +983,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "322,100 (2020)"
"text": "323,200 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "25.33 (2020 est.)"
"text": "25.41 (2021)"
}
}
},

12
africa/mr.json
View file

@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
{
"Introduction": {
"Background": {
"text": "<p>The Berber and Bafour people were among the first to settle in what is now Mauritania. Originally a nomadic people, they were among the first in recorded history to convert from a nomadic to agricultural lifestyle. These groups account for roughly one third of Mauritania’s ethnic makeup. The remainder of Mauritania’s ethnic groups derive from former enslaved peoples and sub-Saharan ethnic groups originating mainly from the Senegal River Valley. These three groups constitute a strict caste system with deep ethnic divides that still exists today.<br><br>A former French colony, Mauritania achieved independence from France in 1960. Mauritania initially began as a single-party authoritarian regime and saw 49 years of dictatorships, flawed elections, failed attempts at democracy, and military coups. Ould Abdel AZIZ led the last coup in 2008, and was elected president in 2009 and reelected in 2014. International observers recognized the elections as free and fair. Following his two terms, AZIZ became the first Mauritanian president to step down and observe a democratic transfer of power. This solidified Mauritania’s status as an emerging democracy. After winning 52% of the vote, Mohamed Ould Cheikh GHAZOUANI was inaugurated in 2019.</p> <p>The country is working to address the vestiges of slavery, which was officially abolished in 1981 but not criminalized until 2007. Between 2005 and 2011, Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM) launched a series of attacks killing American and foreign tourists and aid workers, attacking diplomatic and government facilities, and ambushing Mauritanian soldiers and gendarmes. Although Mauritania has not seen an attack since 2011, AQIM and similar groups remain active in the Sahel region.</p>"
"text": "<p>The Berber and Bafour people were among the first to settle in what is now Mauritania. Originally a nomadic people, they were among the first in recorded history to convert from a nomadic to agricultural lifestyle. These groups account for roughly one third of Mauritania’s ethnic makeup. The remainder of Mauritania’s ethnic groups derive from former enslaved peoples and sub-Saharan ethnic groups originating mainly from the Senegal River Valley. These three groups are organized according to a strict caste system with deep ethnic divides that still exist today.<br><br>A former French colony, Mauritania achieved independence from France in 1960. Mauritania initially began as a single-party, authoritarian regime and saw 49 years of dictatorships, flawed elections, failed attempts at democracy, and military coups. Ould Abdel AZIZ led the last coup in 2008, and was elected president in 2009 and reelected in 2014. Mohamed Ould Cheikh GHAZOUANI was elected president in 2019, and his inauguration marked the first peaceful transition of power from one democratically elected president to another, solidifying Mauritania’s status as an emerging democracy. International observers recognized the elections as relatively free and fair.</p> <p>The country is working to address a continuing practice of slavery and its vestiges. Mauritania officially abolished slavery in 1981, but the practice was not criminalized until 2007. Between 2005 and 2011, Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM) launched a series of attacks killing American and foreign tourists and aid workers, attacking diplomatic and government facilities, and ambushing Mauritanian soldiers and gendarmes. Although Mauritania has not seen an attack since 2011, AQIM and similar groups remain active in the Sahel region.</p> <p> </p>"
}
},
"Geography": {
@ -235,6 +235,10 @@
"text": "0.93 male(s)/female (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Mother's mean age at first birth": {
"text": "21.4 years (2019-2021)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> median age at first birth among women 25-29"
},
"Maternal mortality ratio": {
"text": "766 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.)"
},
@ -1063,10 +1067,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "19,246 (2020)"
"text": "18,457 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "less than 1 (2020 est.)"
"text": "0.4 less than 1 (2021)"
}
}
},
@ -1186,7 +1190,7 @@
"text": "18 is the legal minimum age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2021)"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "450 Central African Republic (MINUSCA) (Sep 2021)",
"text": "460 (plus about 320 police) Central African Republic (MINUSCA) (Feb 2022)",
"note": "note - Mauritania is part of a five-nation anti-jihadist task force known as the G5 Sahel Group, set up in 2014 with Burkina Faso, Chad, Mali, and Niger; it has committed 550 troops and 100 gendarmes to the force; in early 2020, G5 Sahel military chiefs of staff agreed to allow defense forces from each of the states to pursue terrorist fighters up to 100 km into neighboring countries; the G5 force is backed by the UN, US, and France; G5 troops periodically conduct joint operations with French forces deployed to the Sahel under Operation Barkhane"
},
"Military - note": {

4
africa/mz.json
View file

@ -1074,10 +1074,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "69,975 (2019)"
"text": "70,000 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "less than 1 (2019 est.)"
"text": "0.22 less than 1 (2021)"
}
}
},

16
africa/ng.json
View file

@ -612,7 +612,7 @@
"text": "unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (171 seats - 166 currently; 158 members directly elected from 8 multi-member constituencies in 7 regions and Niamey by party-list proportional representation, 8 reserved for minorities elected in special single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote, 5 seats reserved for Nigeriens living abroad - l seat per continent - elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 27 December 2020 (next to be held in 2025)"
"text": "last held on 27 December 2020&nbsp;"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - percent of vote by party - PNDS-Tarrayya 37.04%, MODEN/FA Lumana 8.71%, MPR-Jamhuriya 7.59%, MNSD-Nassara 6.77%,&nbsp; RDR-Tchanji 4.41%, CPR-Inganci 4.15%, MPN-Kishin Kassa 3.97%, PJP Generation Dubara 2.88%, ANDP Zaman Lahya 2.46%, RPP Farrilla 2.10%, ARD Adaltchi-Mutuntchi 1.74%, AMEN AMIN 1.43%, MDEN Falala 1.42%, other 15.33%; seats by party - PNDS-Tarrayya 79, MODEN/FA Lumana 19, MPR-Jamhuriya 14, MNSD-Nassara 13, CPR-Inganci 8, MPN-Kishin Kassa 6, ANDP-Zaman Lahiya 3, RPP Farrilla 2, PJP Generation Dubara 2, ARD Adaltchi-Mutuntchi 2, AMEN AMIN 2, other 16; composition - men 123, women 43, percent of women 25.9%"
@ -630,7 +630,7 @@
}
},
"Political parties and leaders": {
"text": "Alliance of Movements for the Emergence of Niger or AMEN AMIN [Omar Hamidou TCHIANA]<br>Congress for the Republic or CPR-Inganci [Kassoum MOCTAR]<br>Democratic Alliance for Niger or ADN-Fusaha [Habi Mahamadou SALISSOU]<br>Democratic and Social Convention-Rahama or CDS-Rahama [Abdou LABO]<br>National Movement for the Development of Society-Nassara or MNSD-Nassara [Seini OUMAROU]<br>Nigerien Alliance for Democracy and Progress-Zaman Lahiya or ANDP-Zaman Lahiya [Moussa Moumouni DJERMAKOYE]<br>Nigerien Democratic Movement for an African Federation or MODEN/FA Lumana [Hama AMADOU]<br>Nigerien Movement for Democratic Renewal or MNRD-Hankuri [Mahamane OUSMANE]<br>Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism or PNDS-Tarrayya [Mahamadou ISSOUFOU]<br>Nigerien Patriotic Movement or MPN-Kishin Kassa [Ibrahim YACOUBA]<br>Party for Socialism and Democracy in Niger or PSDN-Alheri<br>Patriotic Movement for the Republic or MPR-Jamhuriya [Albade ABOUBA]<br>Rally for Democracy and Progress-Jama'a or RDP-Jama'a [Hamid ALGABID]<br>Social and Democratic Rally or RSD-Gaskiyya [Amadou CHEIFFOU]<br>Social Democratic Party or PSD-Bassira [Mohamed BEN OMAR]<br>Union for Democracy and the Republic-Tabbat or UDR-Tabbat [Amadou Boubacar CISSE]",
"text": "Alliance of Movements for the Emergence of Niger or AMEN AMIN [Omar Hamidou TCHIANA]<br>Congress for the Republic or CPR-Inganci [Kassoum MOCTAR]<br>Democratic Alliance for Niger or ADN-Fusaha [Habi Mahamadou SALISSOU]<br>National Movement for the Development of Society-Nassara or MNSD-Nassara [Seini OUMAROU]<br>Nigerien Alliance for Democracy and Progress-Zaman Lahiya or ANDP-Zaman Lahiya [Moussa BARAZE]<br>Nigerien Democratic Movement for an African Federation or MODEN/FA Lumana [Seydou TAHIROU]<br>Nigerien Movement for Democratic Renewal or MNRD-Hankuri [Mahamane OUSMANE]<br>Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism or PNDS-Tarrayya [Mohamed BAZOUM]<br>Nigerien Patriotic Movement or MPN-Kishin Kassa [Ibrahim YACOUBA]<br>Patriotic Movement for the Republic or MPR-Jamhuriya [Albade ABOUBA]<br>Rally for Democracy and Progress-Jama'a or RDP-Jama'a [Hamid ALGABID]<br>Social and Democratic Rally or RSD-Gaskiyya [Amadou CHEIFFOU]<br>Social Democratic Party or PSD-Bassira [Sanoussi MAREINI]<br>Union for Democracy and the Republic-Tabbat or UDR-Tabbat [Amadou Boubacar CISSE]",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the SPLM and SPLM-DC are banned political parties"
},
"International organization participation": {
@ -638,7 +638,7 @@
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {
"text": "Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Mahamane Bachir FIFI, Minister (since 16 December 2020)"
"text": "Ambassador Kiari LIMAN-TINGUIRI (since 7 February 2022)"
},
"chancery": {
"text": "2204 R Street NW, Washington, DC 20008"
@ -655,7 +655,7 @@
},
"Diplomatic representation from the US": {
"chief of mission": {
"text": "Ambassador Eric P. WHITAKER (since 26 January 2018)"
"text": "Ambassador (vacant), Charg&eacute; d&rsquo;Affaires, Susan N&rsquo;GARNIM (since 23 August 2021)"
},
"embassy": {
"text": "BP 11201, Niamey"
@ -1070,10 +1070,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "8,650 (2017 est.)"
"text": "12,000 (2021 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "less than 1 (2017 est.)"
"text": "0.05 less than 1 (2021 est.)"
}
}
},
@ -1123,7 +1123,7 @@
}
},
"Heliports": {
"text": "1 (2013)"
"text": "1 (2021)"
},
"Pipelines": {
"text": "464 km oil"
@ -1183,7 +1183,7 @@
"text": "has conscription, although it is reportedly not always enforced; 18 is the legal minimum age for compulsory or voluntary military service; enlistees must be Nigerien citizens and unmarried; 2-year service term; women may serve in health care (2021)"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "870 Mali (MINUSMA) (Sep 2021)",
"text": "870 Mali (MINUSMA) (Feb 2022)",
"note": "note(s) - Niger is part of a five-nation anti-jihadist task force known as the G5 Sahel Group, set up in 2014 with Burkina Faso, Mali, Mauritania, and Chad; it has committed 1,100 troops and 200 gendarmes to the force; in early 2020, G5 Sahel military chiefs of staff agreed to allow defense forces from each of the states to pursue terrorist fighters up to 100 km into neighboring countries; the G5 force is backed by the UN, US, and France; G5 troops periodically conduct joint operations with French forces deployed to the Sahel under Operation Barkhane<br><br>Niger also has about 1,000 troops committed to the Multinational Joint Task Force (MNJTF) against against the terrorist group Boko Haram (see Appendix T<u>)</u>; national MNJTF troop contingents are deployed within their own country territories, although cross‐border operations are conducted periodically"
},
"Military - note": {

10
africa/ni.json
View file

@ -1097,10 +1097,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "83,360"
"text": "65,313 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "less than 1 (2018 est.)"
"text": "0.03 less than 1 (2021)"
}
}
},
@ -1162,7 +1162,7 @@
}
},
"Heliports": {
"text": "5 (2013)"
"text": "5 (2021)"
},
"Pipelines": {
"text": "124 km condensate, 4045 km gas, 164 km liquid petroleum gas, 4441 km oil, 3940 km refined products (2013)"
@ -1244,11 +1244,11 @@
"text": "18-26 years of age for voluntary military service (men and women); no conscription (2021)"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "200 Ghana (ECOMIG) (2021)",
"text": "200 Ghana (ECOMIG) (2022)",
"note": "note - Nigeria has committed an Army combat brigade (approximately 3,000 troops) to the Multinational Joint Task Force (MNJTF), regional counter-terrorism force comprised of troops from Benin, Cameroon, Chad, and Niger; the national MNJTF troop contingents are deployed within their own country territories, although cross‐border operations are conducted periodically"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "as of 2022, the Nigerian military was sub-Saharan Africa’s largest and regarded as one of its most capable forces; it was focused largely on internal security and faced a number of challenges that have stretched its resources, however; in the northeast, the military was conducting counterinsurgency/counter-terrorist operations against the Boko Haram (BH) and Islamic State in West Africa (ISWA) terrorist groups, where it has deployed as many as 70,000 troops at times and jihadist-related violence has killed an estimated 35-40,000 people, mostly civilians, since 2009 (as of late 2021); in the northwest, it faced growing threats from criminal gangs, bandits, and violence associated with historical and ongoing farmer-herder conflicts, as well as BH and ISWA terrorists; bandits in the northwest were estimated to number in the low 10,000s and violence there has killed more than 10,000 since the mid-2010s; the military also continued to protect the oil industry in the Niger Delta region against militants and criminal activity, although the levels of violence there have decreased in recent years; in May 2021, a contingent of military troops and police were deployed to eastern Nigeria to quell renewed agitation for a state of Biafra (Biafra seceded from Nigeria in the late 1960s, sparking a civil war that caused more than 1 million deaths)<br><br> <p>the Nigerian military traces its origins to the Nigeria Regiment of the West African Frontier Force (WAFF), a multi-regiment force formed by the British colonial office in 1900 to garrison the West African colonies of Nigeria (Lagos and the protectorates of Northern and Southern Nigeria), Gold Coast, Sierra Leone, and Gambia; the WAFF served with distinction in both East and West Africa during World War I; in 1928, it received royal recognition and was re-named the Royal West African Frontier Force (RWAFF); the RWAFF went on to serve in World War II as part of the British 81st and 82nd (West African) divisions in the East Africa and Burma campaigns; in 1956, the Nigeria Regiment of the RWAFF was renamed the Nigerian Military Forces (NMF) and in 1958, the colonial government of Nigeria took over control of the NMF from the British War Office; the Nigerian Armed Forces were established following independence in 1960</p>"
"text": "as of 2022, the Nigerian military was sub-Saharan Africa’s largest and regarded as one of its most capable forces; it was focused largely on internal security and faced a number of challenges that have stretched its resources, however; the military was deployed in all 36 of the country's states; in the northeast, it was conducting counterinsurgency/counter-terrorist operations against the Boko Haram (BH) and Islamic State in West Africa (ISWA) terrorist groups, where it has deployed as many as 70,000 troops at times and jihadist-related violence has killed an estimated 35-40,000 people, mostly civilians, since 2009 (as of late 2021); in the northwest, it faced growing threats from criminal gangs, bandits, and violence associated with historical and ongoing farmer-herder conflicts, as well as BH and ISWA terrorists; bandits in the northwest were estimated to number in the low 10,000s and violence there has killed more than 10,000 since the mid-2010s; the military also continued to protect the oil industry in the Niger Delta region against militants and criminal activity, although the levels of violence there have decreased in recent years; in May 2021, a contingent of military troops and police were deployed to eastern Nigeria to quell renewed agitation for a state of Biafra (Biafra seceded from Nigeria in the late 1960s, sparking a civil war that caused more than 1 million deaths)<br> <p>the Nigerian military traces its origins to the Nigeria Regiment of the West African Frontier Force (WAFF), a multi-regiment force formed by the British colonial office in 1900 to garrison the West African colonies of Nigeria (Lagos and the protectorates of Northern and Southern Nigeria), Gold Coast, Sierra Leone, and Gambia; the WAFF served with distinction in both East and West Africa during World War I; in 1928, it received royal recognition and was re-named the Royal West African Frontier Force (RWAFF); the RWAFF went on to serve in World War II as part of the British 81st and 82nd (West African) divisions in the East Africa and Burma campaigns; in 1956, the Nigeria Regiment of the RWAFF was renamed the Nigerian Military Forces (NMF) and in 1958, the colonial government of Nigeria took over control of the NMF from the British War Office; the Nigerian Armed Forces were established following independence in 1960</p>"
},
"Maritime threats": {
"text": "<p>the International Maritime Bureau reports the territorial and offshore waters in the Niger Delta and Gulf of Guinea remain a very high risk for piracy and armed robbery of ships; in 2021, there were 34 reported incidents of piracy and armed robbery at sea in the Gulf of Guinea region; although a significant decrease from the total number of 81 incidents in 2020, it included the one hijacking and three of five ships fired upon worldwide; while boarding and attempted boarding to steal valuables from ships and crews are the most common types of incidents, almost a third of all incidents involve a hijacking and/or kidnapping; in 2021, 57 crew members were kidnapped in seven separate incidents in the Gulf of Guinea, representing 100% of kidnappings worldwide; Nigerian pirates in particular are well armed and very aggressive, operating as far as 200 nm offshore; the Maritime Administration of the US Department of Transportation has issued a Maritime Advisory (2022-001 - Gulf of Guinea-Piracy/Armed Robbery/Kidnapping for Ransom) effective 4 January 2022, which states in part, \"Piracy, armed robbery, and kidnapping for ransom continue to serve as significant threats to US-flagged vessels transiting or operating in the Gulf of Guinea\"</p>"

8
africa/od.json
View file

@ -917,10 +917,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "200 (2019)"
"text": "200 (2020)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "less than 1 (2019 est.)"
"text": "less than 1 (2020 est.)"
}
}
},
@ -976,7 +976,7 @@
}
},
"Heliports": {
"text": "3 (2020)"
"text": "3 (2021)"
},
"Railways": {
"total": {
@ -1034,7 +1034,7 @@
"note": "note - in 2019, women made up less than 10% of the active military"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the South Sudan People’s Defense Force (SSPDF), formerly the Sudan People’s Liberation Army (SPLA), was founded as a guerrilla movement against the Sudanese Government in 1983 and participated in the Second Sudanese Civil War (1983-2005); the Juba Declaration that followed the Comprehensive Peace Agreement of 2005 unified the SPLA and the South Sudan Defense Forces (SSDF), the second-largest rebel militia remaining from the civil war, under the SPLA name; in 2017, the SPLA was renamed the South Sudan Defense Forces (SSDF) and in September 2018 was renamed again as the SSPDF<br><br>under the September 2018 peace agreement, all armed groups in South Sudan were to assemble at designated sites where fighters could be either disarmed and demobilized, or integrated into unified military and police forces; the unified forces were then to be retrained and deployed prior to the formation of a national unity government; all fighters were ordered to these sites in July 2019; some progress toward merging the various armed forces into a national army has been made; for example, in May 2020, South Sudan announced that it was graduating some unified forces at various training centers across the country, and in June the SSPDF incorporated some senior officers from the main opposition force, the Sudan People's Liberation Movement Army - in Opposition (SPLM/A-IO) into its rank structure; nevertheless, overall progress has been slow, and as of 2022 armed clashes continued to occur between government forces and armed militant groups, including the SPLM<br><br>the United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) has operated in the country since 2011 with the objectives of consolidating peace and security and helping establish conditions for the successful economic and political development of South Sudan; UNMISS had about 18,000 personnel deployed in the country as of November 2021<br><br>United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) has operated in the disputed Abyei region along the border between Sudan and South Sudan since 2011; UNISFA's mission includes ensuring security, protecting civilians, strengthening the capacity of the Abyei Police Service, de-mining, monitoring/verifying the redeployment of armed forces from the area, and facilitating the flow of humanitarian aid; as of July 2021, UNISFA had some 3,800 personnel deployed"
"text": "the South Sudan People’s Defense Force (SSPDF), formerly the Sudan People’s Liberation Army (SPLA), was founded as a guerrilla movement against the Sudanese Government in 1983 and participated in the Second Sudanese Civil War (1983-2005); the Juba Declaration that followed the Comprehensive Peace Agreement of 2005 unified the SPLA and the South Sudan Defense Forces (SSDF), the second-largest rebel militia remaining from the civil war, under the SPLA name; in 2017, the SPLA was renamed the South Sudan Defense Forces (SSDF) and in September 2018 was renamed again as the SSPDF<br><br>under the September 2018 peace agreement, all armed groups in South Sudan were to assemble at designated sites where fighters could be either disarmed and demobilized, or integrated into unified military and police forces; the unified forces were then to be retrained and deployed prior to the formation of a national unity government; all fighters were ordered to these sites in July 2019; some progress toward merging the various armed forces into a national army has been made; for example, in May 2020, South Sudan announced that it was graduating some unified forces at various training centers across the country, and in June the SSPDF incorporated some senior officers from the main opposition force, the Sudan People's Liberation Movement Army - in Opposition (SPLM/A-IO) into its rank structure; nevertheless, overall progress has been slow, and as of 2022 armed clashes continued to occur between government forces and armed militant groups, including the SPLM<br><br>the United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) has operated in the country since 2011 with the objectives of consolidating peace and security and helping establish conditions for the successful economic and political development of South Sudan; UNMISS had about 15,300 personnel deployed in the country as of February 2022<br><br>United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) has operated in the disputed Abyei region along the border between Sudan and South Sudan since 2011; UNISFA's mission includes ensuring security, protecting civilians, strengthening the capacity of the Abyei Police Service, de-mining, monitoring/verifying the redeployment of armed forces from the area, and facilitating the flow of humanitarian aid; as of February 2022, UNISFA had approximately 3,300 personnel deployed"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

12
africa/pu.json
View file

@ -929,10 +929,10 @@
},
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
"total subscriptions": {
"text": "1,913,858 (2020)"
"text": "1.95 million (2022)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "97.25 (2020 est.)"
"text": "95.5 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
@ -955,18 +955,18 @@
},
"Internet users": {
"total": {
"text": "250,000 (2020 est.)"
"text": "571,000 (2022 est.)"
},
"percent of population": {
"text": "3.93% (2019 est.)"
"text": "28% (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "2,383 (2020)"
"text": "2,383 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "less than 1 (2020 est.)"
"text": "0.12 less than 1 (2021)"
}
}
},

6
africa/rw.json
View file

@ -1038,10 +1038,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "17,685 (2020)"
"text": "17,685 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "less than 1 (2020 est.)"
"text": "0.14 less than 1 (2021 est.)"
}
}
},
@ -1141,7 +1141,7 @@
"text": "18 years of age for voluntary military service (men and women); no conscription; Rwandan citizenship is required; enlistment is either as contract (5-years, renewable twice) or career (2021)"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "2,250 Central African Republic (approximately 1,500 for MINUSCA; an additional 750 sent bilaterally in August, 2021); 1,000 Mozambique (deployed mid-2021 to assist with combating insurgency); 2,600 South Sudan (UNMISS) (Oct 2021)"
"text": "2,450 (plus about 500 police) Central African Republic (approximately 1,700 for MINUSCA; an additional 750 sent bilaterally in August, 2021); 1,000 Mozambique (deployed mid-2021 to assist with combating insurgency); 2,600 (plus about 400 police) South Sudan (UNMISS) (Feb 2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>the RDF is widely regarded as one of Africa’s best trained and most capable and professional military forces; as of late 2021, over 5,000 RDF personnel were deployed on missions in the African countries of the Central African Republic, Mozambique, and South Sudan</p>"

14
africa/se.json
View file

@ -546,17 +546,17 @@
}
},
"Political parties and leaders": {
"text": "Lafors Seselwa Demokratik  or LSD [Martin AGLAE]<br>One Seychelles [Alain St. ANGE]<br>Seselwa (Seychelles) United Party or SUP [Robert ERNESTA] (formerly the New Democratic Party or NDP)<br>Seychelles National Party or SNP [Wavel RAMKALAWAN] (formerly the United Opposition or UO)<br>Seychelles Party for Social Justice and Democracy or SPSD [Alexia AMESBURY]<br>Seychelles Patriotic Movement or SPM [Vincent LARUER]<br>Seychelloise Alliance (Lalyans Seselwa) [Patrick PILLAY]<br>Seychellois Democratic Alliance (Linyon Demokratik Seselwa) or LDS [Roger MANCIENNE] (includes SNP, SPSD, and SUP)<br>United Seychelles or US [Vincent MERITON] (formerly People's Party (Parti Lepep) or PL; (formerly SPPF)"
"text": "Linyon Sanzman or LS [Martin AGLAE]<br>One Seychelles [Peter SINON]<br>Seychelles Party for Social Justice and Democracy or SPSJD [Vesna RAKIC]<br>Seychellois Democratic Alliance (Linyon Demokratik Seselwa) or LDS [Roger MANCIENNE] (includes SPSJD)<br>United Seychelles or US [Patrick HERMINIE] (formerly People's Party (Parti Lepep) or PL; (formerly SPPF)"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ACP, AfDB, AOSIS, AU, C, CD, COMESA, EITI (candidate country), FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, InOC, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITU, MIGA, NAM, OIF, OPCW, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer)"
"text": "ACP, AfDB, AOSIS, AU, C, CD, COMESA, EITI (candidate country), FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, InOC, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITU, MIGA, NAM, OIF, OPCW, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {
"text": "Ambassador Ronald Jean JUMEAU (since 8 September 2017) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;"
"text": "Ambassador Ian MADELEINE (since 1 December 2021)"
},
"chancery": {
"text": "800 Second Avenue, Suite 400C, New York, NY 10017"
"text": "685 Third Avenue, Suite 1107, 11th Floor, New York, NY 10017"
},
"telephone": {
"text": "[1] (212) 972-1785"
@ -969,10 +969,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "34,966 (2020)"
"text": "34,966 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "35.55 (2020 est.)"
"text": "35.55 (2021)"
}
}
},
@ -1025,7 +1025,7 @@
}
},
"Heliports": {
"text": "1 (2013)"
"text": "1 (2021)"
},
"Roadways": {
"total": {

8
africa/sf.json
View file

@ -1071,10 +1071,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "1,303,057 (2020)"
"text": "1,303,057 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "2.2 (2020 est.)"
"text": "2.2 (2021)"
}
}
},
@ -1218,8 +1218,8 @@
"note": "note - in 2019, women comprised about 30% of the SANDF"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "950 Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO) (Oct 2021)",
"note": "note - in 2021, South Africa sent a contingent of about 1,500 troops to Mozambique as part of a Southern African Development Community (SADC) force to help quell an insurgency"
"text": "930 Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO); 1,500 Mozambique (part of a Southern African Development Community force to help quell an insurgency) (2022)",
"note": "note - in 2021, South Africa sent a contingent of about 1,500 troops to Mozambique as part of a Southern African Development Community (SADC) force to help quell an insurgency; in"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>the SANDF was created in 1994 to replace the South African Defense Force (SADF); the SANDF was opened to all South Africans who met military requirements, while the SADF was a mostly white force (only whites were subject to conscription) with non-whites only allowed to join in a voluntary capacity; the SANDF also absorbed members of the guerrilla and militia forces of the various anti-apartheid opposition groups, including the African National Congress, the Pan Africanist Congress, and the Inkatha Freedom Party, as well as the security forces of the formerly independent Bantustan homelands</p> <p>as of 2021, the SANDF was one of Africa’s most capable militaries; it participated regularly in African and UN peacekeeping missions and had the ability to independently deploy throughout Africa; over the past decade, however, its operational readiness and modernization programs have been hampered by funding shortfalls</p>"

8
africa/sg.json
View file

@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
{
"Introduction": {
"Background": {
"text": "Senegal is one of the few countries in the world with evidence of continuous human life from the Paleolithic era to present. Between the 14th and 16th centuries, the Jolof Empire ruled most of Senegal. Starting in the 15th century, Portugal, the Netherlands, France, and Great Britain traded along the Senegalese coast. Senegal’s location on the western tip of Africa made it a favorable base for the European slave trade. European powers used the Senegalese island of Goree as a base to purchase slaves from the warring chiefdoms on the mainland, and at the height of the slave trade in Senegal, over one-third of the Senegalese population was enslaved. In 1815, France abolished slavery and began expanding inland. During the second half of the 19th century, France took possession of Senegal as a French colony. In 1959, the French colonies of Senegal and French Sudan were merged and granted independence in 1960 as the Mali Federation. The union broke up after only a few months. In 1982, Senegal joined with The Gambia to form the nominal confederation of Senegambia. The envisaged integration of the two countries was never implemented, and the union dissolved in 1989.<br><br>Since the 1980s, the Movement of Democratic Forces in the Casamance - a separatist movement based in southern Senegal - has led a low-level insurgency. Several attempts at reaching a comprehensive peace agreement have failed. Since 2012, despite sporadic incidents of violence, an unofficial cease-fire has remained largely in effect. Senegal is one of the most stable democracies in Africa and has a long history of participating in international peacekeeping and regional mediation. The Socialist Party of Senegal ruled for 40 years until Abdoulaye WADE was elected president in 2000 and re-elected in 2007. WADE amended Senegal's constitution over a dozen times to increase executive power and weaken the opposition. In 2012, WADE’s decision to run for a third presidential term sparked public backlash that led to his defeat to current President Macky SALL. A 2016 constitutional referendum limited future presidents to two consecutive five-year terms. The change, however, does not apply to SALL's first term. In February 2019, SALL won his bid for re-election; his second term will end in 2024. One month after the 2019 election, the National Assembly voted to abolish the office of the prime minister. Opposition and civil society organizations criticized the decision as a further concentration of power in the executive branch at the expense of the legislative and judicial branches."
"text": "Senegal is one of the few countries in the world with evidence of continuous human life from the Paleolithic era to present. Between the 14th and 16th centuries, the Jolof Empire ruled most of Senegal. Starting in the 15th century, Portugal, the Netherlands, France, and Great Britain traded along the Senegalese coast. Senegal’s location on the western tip of Africa made it a favorable base for the European slave trade. European powers used the Senegalese island of Goree as a base to purchase slaves from the warring chiefdoms on the mainland, and at the height of the slave trade in Senegal, over one-third of the Senegalese population was enslaved. In 1815, France abolished slavery and began expanding inland. During the second half of the 19th century, France took possession of Senegal as a French colony. In 1959, the French colonies of Senegal and French Sudan were merged and granted independence in 1960 as the Mali Federation. The union broke up after only a few months. In 1982, Senegal joined with The Gambia to form the nominal confederation of Senegambia. The envisaged integration of the two countries was never implemented, and the union dissolved in 1989.<br><br>Since the 1980s, the Movement of Democratic Forces in the Casamance - a separatist movement based in southern Senegal - has led a low-level insurgency. Several attempts at reaching a comprehensive peace agreement have failed. Since 2012, despite sporadic incidents of violence, an unofficial cease-fire has remained largely in effect. Senegal is one of the most stable democracies in Africa and has a long history of participating in international peacekeeping and regional mediation. The Socialist Party of Senegal ruled for 40 years until Abdoulaye WADE was elected president in 2000 and re-elected in 2007. WADE amended Senegal's constitution over a dozen times to increase executive power and weaken the opposition. In 2012, WADE’s decision to run for a third presidential term sparked public backlash that led to his defeat to current President Macky SALL. A 2016 constitutional referendum limited future presidents to two consecutive five-year terms. The change, however, does not apply to SALL's first term. In February 2019, SALL won his bid for re-election; his second term will end in 2024."
}
},
"Geography": {
@ -1071,10 +1071,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "177,363 (2020)"
"text": "153,813 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "1.06 (2020 est.)"
"text": "0.92 less than 1 (2021)"
}
}
},
@ -1200,7 +1200,7 @@
"text": "18 years of age for voluntary military service (men and women); 20 years of age for selective conscript service; 2-year service obligation; women have been accepted into military service since 2008 (2021)"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "750 Gambia (ECOMIG); 1,000 Mali (MINUSMA) (2021)",
"text": "750 Gambia (ECOMIG); 970 Mali (MINUSMA); note - Senegal also has about 1,100 police deployed on various UN peacekeeping missions (2022)",
"note": "note - in 2021, Senegal also had over 700 police deployed on UN missions"
},
"Military - note": {

4
africa/sh.json
View file

@ -699,10 +699,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "1,000 (2017 est.)"
"text": "1,000 (2021 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "16.64 (2019 est.)"
"text": "16.64 (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Communications - note": {

2
africa/sl.json
View file

@ -1064,7 +1064,7 @@
}
},
"Heliports": {
"text": "2 (2013)"
"text": "2 (2021)"
},
"Roadways": {
"total": {

4
africa/so.json
View file

@ -948,10 +948,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "98,000 (2017 est.)"
"text": "119,000 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "less than 1 (2019 est.)"
"text": "0.75 less than 1 (2021 est.)"
}
}
},

10
africa/su.json
View file

@ -1049,10 +1049,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "28,782 (2020)"
"text": "28,782 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "less than 1 (2018 est.)"
"text": "0.07 less than 1 (2021)"
}
}
},
@ -1111,7 +1111,7 @@
}
},
"Heliports": {
"text": "7 (2020)"
"text": "7 (2021)"
},
"Pipelines": {
"text": "156 km gas, 4070 km oil, 1613 km refined products (2013)"
@ -1159,7 +1159,7 @@
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF): Ground Force, Navy, Sudanese Air Force; Rapid Support Forces (RSF); Reserve Department (formerly the paramilitary Popular Defense Forces); Border Guards (Ministry of Defense)<br><br>Ministry of Interior: security police, special forces police, traffic police, and the combat-trained Central Reserve Police (2022)",
"note": "note - the RSF is a semi-autonomous paramilitary force formed in 2013 to fight armed rebel groups in Sudan, with Mohammed Hamdan DAGALO (aka Hemeti) as its commander (he is also a member of the Sovereign Council); it was initially placed under the National Intelligence and Security Service, then came under the direct command of former president Omar al-BASHIR, who boosted the RSF as his own personal security force; as a result, the RSF was better funded and equipped than the regular armed forces; RSF has since recruited from all parts of Sudan beyond its original Darfuri Arab groups but remains under the personal patronage and control of DAGALO; the RSF has been accused of committing rights abuses against civilians; it is also reportedly involved in business enterprises, such as gold mining; in late 2019, Sovereign Council Chairman and SAF Commander-in-Chief General Abd-al-Fatah al-BURHAN said the RSF would be fully integrated into the SAF, but did not give a timeline"
"note": "note - the RSF is a semi-autonomous paramilitary force formed in 2013 to fight armed rebel groups in Sudan, with Mohammed Hamdan DAGALO (aka Hemeti) as its commander (he is also a member of the Sovereign Council); it was initially placed under the National Intelligence and Security Service, then came under the direct command of former president Omar al-BASHIR, who boosted the RSF as his own personal security force; as a result, the RSF was better funded and equipped than the regular armed forces; the RSF has since recruited from all parts of Sudan beyond its original Darfuri Arab groups but remains under the personal patronage and control of DAGALO; the RSF has been accused of committing rights abuses against civilians; it is also reportedly involved in business enterprises, such as gold mining; in late 2019, Sovereign Council Chairman and SAF Commander-in-Chief General Abd-al-Fatah al-BURHAN said the RSF would be fully integrated into the SAF, but did not give a timeline"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
@ -1193,7 +1193,7 @@
"text": "Sudan joined the Saudi-led coalition that intervened in Yemen in 2015, reportedly providing as many as 40,000 troops during the peak of the war in 2016-17, mostly from the Rapid Support Forces; by 2021, Sudan had reduced the size of the force to about a brigade (approximately 2-3,000 troops) (2021)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>the Sudanese military has been a dominant force in the ruling of the country since its independence in 1956; in addition, the Sudanese military and security forces have a large role in the country's economy, reportedly controlling over 200 commercial companies, including businesses involved in gold mining, rubber production, agriculture, and meat exports</p> the United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) has operated in the disputed Abyei region along the border between Sudan and South Sudan since 2011; UNISFA's mission includes ensuring security, protecting civilians, strengthening the capacity of the Abyei Police Service, de-mining, monitoring/verifying the redeployment of armed forces from the area, and facilitating the flow of humanitarian aid; UNISFA had about 3,800 personnel deployed as of November 2021<br><br>in addition, the United Nations African Union Hybrid Operation in Darfur (UNAMID) operated in the war-torn Darfur region between 2007 and the end of its mandate in July 2021; UNAMID was a joint African Union-UN peacekeeping force with the mission of bringing stability to Darfur, including protecting civilians, facilitating humanitarian assistance, and promoting mediation efforts, while peace talks on a final settlement continued; UNAMID withdrew the last of its personnel in December 2021; note - the October 2020 peace agreement provided for the establishment of a joint security force comprised of 12,000 members tasked with securing the Darfur region in the place of UNAMID; in June 2021, Sudan's transitional government announced it would increase the size of this force to 20,000 and expand its mission scope to include the capital and other parts of the country suffering from violence; the force would include the SAF, RSF, police, intelligence, and representatives from armed groups involved in peace negotiations (2022)"
"text": "<p>the Sudanese military has been a dominant force in the ruling of the country since its independence in 1956; in addition, the Sudanese military and security forces have a large role in the country's economy, reportedly controlling over 200 commercial companies, including businesses involved in gold mining, rubber production, agriculture, and meat exports</p> the United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) has operated in the disputed Abyei region along the border between Sudan and South Sudan since 2011; UNISFA's mission includes ensuring security, protecting civilians, strengthening the capacity of the Abyei Police Service, de-mining, monitoring/verifying the redeployment of armed forces from the area, and facilitating the flow of humanitarian aid; UNISFA had about 3,300 personnel deployed as of February 2022<br><br>in addition, the United Nations African Union Hybrid Operation in Darfur (UNAMID) operated in the war-torn Darfur region between 2007 and the end of its mandate in July 2021; UNAMID was a joint African Union-UN peacekeeping force with the mission of bringing stability to Darfur, including protecting civilians, facilitating humanitarian assistance, and promoting mediation efforts, while peace talks on a final settlement continued; UNAMID withdrew the last of its personnel in December 2021; note - the October 2020 peace agreement provided for the establishment of a joint security force comprised of 12,000 members tasked with securing the Darfur region in the place of UNAMID; in June 2021, Sudan's transitional government announced it would increase the size of this force to 20,000 and expand its mission scope to include the capital and other parts of the country suffering from violence; the force would include the SAF, RSF, police, intelligence, and representatives from armed groups involved in peace negotiations (2022)"
}
},
"Terrorism": {

6
africa/to.json
View file

@ -1057,10 +1057,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "52,706 (2020)"
"text": "52,706 DSL, dedicated internet line, Wimax, WLL, FTTH (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "less than 1 (2020 est.)"
"text": "0.64 less than 1 (2021 est.)"
}
}
},
@ -1180,7 +1180,7 @@
"text": "18 years of age for military service; 2-year service obligation; no conscription; women have been able to serve since 2007 (2021)"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "925 Mali (MINUSMA; also has about 300 police deployed to MINUSMA) (Oct 2021)"
"text": "730 (plus about 300 police) Mali (MINUSMA) (Feb 2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>the first Togolese Army unit was created in 1963, while the Air Force was established in 1964; the Navy was not established until 1976; since its creation, the Togolese military has a history of interfering in the country’s politics with assassinations, coups, influence, and a large military crackdown in 2005 that killed hundreds; over the past decade, it has made some efforts to reform and professionalize; over the same period, the military has increased its role in UN peacekeeping activities and as of 2021, more than 10% of the Army was deployed on peacekeeping missions; Togolese police have also been deployed on peacekeeping operations, and Togo maintains a regional peacekeeping training center for military and police in Lome; the Navy and Air Force have increasingly focused on combating piracy and smuggling in the Gulf of Guinea</p>"

4
africa/tp.json
View file

@ -1004,10 +1004,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "2,512 (2020)"
"text": "2,512 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "1.15 (2020 est.)"
"text": "1.15 (2021)"
}
}
},

4
africa/ts.json
View file

@ -1020,10 +1020,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "1,334,551 (2020)"
"text": "1,334,059 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "11.29 (2020 est.)"
"text": "11.29 (2021)"
}
}
},

6
africa/tz.json
View file

@ -1079,10 +1079,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "1,084,698 (2020)"
"text": "1,135,608 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "1.82 (2020 est.)"
"text": "1.9 (2021 est.)"
}
}
},
@ -1221,7 +1221,7 @@
"text": "18-25 years of age for voluntary military service; 6-year commitment (2-year contracts afterwards); selective conscription for 2 years of public service (2021)"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "450 Central African Republic (MINUSCA); 830 Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO); 125 Lebanon (UNIFIL) (Dec 2021)"
"text": "450 Central African Republic (MINUSCA); 850 Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO); 125 Lebanon (UNIFIL) (Feb 2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "in 2021-2022, Tanzania deployed additional troops to its border with Mozambique and contributed troops to the Southern African Development Community (SADC) intervention force that was assisting the Mozambique Government's fight against Islamic militants"

10
africa/ug.json
View file

@ -1071,10 +1071,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "34,596 (2020)"
"text": "58,594 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "less than 1 (2020 est.)"
"text": "0.13 less than 1 (2021)"
}
}
},
@ -1190,10 +1190,10 @@
"text": "18-25 years of age for voluntary military duty (men and women); 9-year service obligation (2021)"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "6,800 Somalia (6,200 AMISOM; 620 UNSOM); 250 Equatorial Guinea (2021)"
"text": "6,800 Somalia (6,200 AMISOM; 620 UNSOM); 250 Equatorial Guinea (2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>the UPDF, which is constitutionally granted seats in parliament, is widely viewed as a key constituency for MUSEVENI; it has been used by MUSEVENI and the NRM to break up rallies, raid opposition offices, and surveil rival candidates</p> <p>as of 2021, the UPDF was conducting operations along the border with the Democratic Republic of the Congo (including cross-border operations) against a Congo-based (and formerly based in western Uganda) Ugandan rebel group, the Allied Democratic Front (ADF), which was designated as a Foreign Terrorist Organization by the US State Department in March 2021 as the Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (ISIS-DRC; see Appendix T); in addition, elements of the UPDF were deployed in the northeast region of Karamoja against cattle rustlers and criminal gangs</p> <p>beginning in 2012, the UPDF led regional efforts to pursue the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA), a small, violent group of Ugandan origin that conducted widespread attacks against civilians in much of Central Africa; the UPDF withdrew from the mission in 2017 after declaring that the LRA no longer posed a security threat</p> <p>Uganda intervened in the South Sudan civil war in 2013-2016 and UPDF forces have clashed with South Sudanese forces along the border as recently as 2020<br><br>the military traces its history back to the formation of the Uganda Rifles in 1895; the Uganda Rifles were merged with the Central Africa Regiment and the East Africa Rifles to form the King’s African Rifles (“KAR”) in 1902, which participated in both world wars; the UPDF was established in 1995</p>"
"text": "<p>the UPDF, which is constitutionally granted seats in parliament, is widely viewed as a key constituency for MUSEVENI; it has been used by MUSEVENI and the NRM to break up rallies, raid opposition offices, and surveil rival candidates</p> <p>as of 2022, the UPDF was conducting operations along the border with the Democratic Republic of the Congo (including cross-border operations) against a Congo-based (and formerly based in western Uganda) Ugandan rebel group, the Allied Democratic Front (ADF), which was designated as a Foreign Terrorist Organization by the US State Department in March 2021 as the Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (ISIS-DRC; see Appendix T); in addition, elements of the UPDF were deployed in the northeast region of Karamoja against cattle rustlers and criminal gangs</p> <p>beginning in 2012, the UPDF led regional efforts to pursue the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA), a small, violent group of Ugandan origin that conducted widespread attacks against civilians in much of Central Africa; the UPDF withdrew from the mission in 2017 after declaring that the LRA no longer posed a security threat</p> <p>Uganda intervened in the South Sudan civil war in 2013-2016 and UPDF forces have clashed with South Sudanese forces along the border as recently as 2020<br><br>the military traces its history back to the formation of the Uganda Rifles in 1895; the Uganda Rifles were merged with the Central Africa Regiment and the East Africa Rifles to form the King’s African Rifles (“KAR”) in 1902, which participated in both world wars; the UPDF was established in 1995</p>"
}
},
"Terrorism": {
@ -1208,7 +1208,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "962,360 (South Sudan) (refugees and asylum seekers), 459,073 (Democratic Republic of the Congo), 48,555 (Burundi), 55,579 (Somalia) (refugees and asylum seekers), 26,092 (Rwanda), 22,843 (Eritrea) (2022)"
"text": "963,086 (South Sudan) (refugees and asylum seekers), 459,073 (Democratic Republic of the Congo), 48,555 (Burundi), 55,877 (Somalia) (refugees and asylum seekers), 26,092 (Rwanda), 22,843 (Eritrea) (2022)"
}
},
"Trafficking in persons": {

10
africa/uv.json
View file

@ -1054,10 +1054,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "13,979 (2020)"
"text": "13,979 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "less than 1 (2020 est.)"
"text": "0.07 less than 1 (2021)"
}
}
},
@ -1162,16 +1162,16 @@
"text": "18 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription; women may serve in supporting roles (2021)"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "900 Mali (MINUSMA) (Oct 2021)",
"text": "650 (plus about 170 police) Mali (MINUSMA) (Jan 2022)",
"note": "note - Burkina Faso is part of a five-nation anti-jihadist task force known as the G5 Sahel Group, set up in 2014 with Chad, Mali, Mauritania, and Niger; it has committed 550 troops and 100 gendarmes to the force; the G5 force is backed by the UN, US, and France; G5 troops periodically conduct joint operations with French forces deployed to the Sahel under Operation Barkhane; in early 2020, G5 Sahel military chiefs of staff agreed to allow defense forces from each of the states to pursue terrorist fighters up to 100 km into neighboring countries"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "including the most recent in January 2022, the military has conducted 7 coups since 1960; as of 2022, the military&nbsp; was also actively engaged in combat operations with terrorist groups linked to al-Qa'ida and ISIS; since 2016, military counter-terrorism operations have occurred in the Centre‐Est, Centre‐Nord, Est, Nord, and Sahel administrative regions (2021)"
"text": "including the most recent in January 2022, the military has conducted 7 coups since 1960; as of 2022, the military was also actively engaged in combat operations with terrorist groups linked to al-Qa'ida and ISIS, particularly in the northern and eastern regions; in the north, the designated terrorist groups Ansarul Islam and Jama'at Nusrat al-Islam wal-Muslimin (JNIM) have exploited ethnic tensions and perceptions of state neglect, as well as grievances over corruption, patronage politics, social stratification, and land disputes; the east is reportedly a stronghold of the Islamic State-Greater Sahara (ISGS) (2022)"
}
},
"Terrorism": {
"Terrorist group(s)": {
"text": "Ansarul Islam; Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham in the Greater Sahara; al-Mulathamun Battalion (al-Mourabitoun); Jama'at Nusrat al-Islam wal-Muslimin",
"text": "Ansarul Islam; Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham in the Greater Sahara (ISGS); al-Mulathamun Battalion (al-Mourabitoun); Jama'at Nusrat al-Islam wal-Muslimin (JNIM)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in Appendix-T"
}
},

4
africa/wa.json
View file

@ -1058,10 +1058,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "71,063 (2020)"
"text": "71,063 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "2.8 (2020 est.)"
"text": "2.8 (2021)"
}
}
},

4
africa/wz.json
View file

@ -1009,10 +1009,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "8,000 (2017 est.)"
"text": "12,000 (2021 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "less than 1 (2019 est.)"
"text": "1.03 (2021)"
}
}
},

6
africa/za.json
View file

@ -1064,10 +1064,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "82,317 (2020)"
"text": "82,317 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "less than 1 (2020 est.)"
"text": "0.45 less than 1 (2021)"
}
}
},
@ -1199,7 +1199,7 @@
"text": "18-25 years of age for male and female voluntary military service (16 with parental consent); no conscription; 12-year enlistment period (7 years active, 5 in the Reserves) (2021)"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "925 Central African Republic (MINUSCA) (Oct 2021)"
"text": "925 Central African Republic (MINUSCA) (Feb 2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>the Zambian Defense Force (ZDF) traces its roots to the Northern Rhodesia Regiment, which was raised by the British colonial government to fight in World War II; the ZDF was established in 1964 from units of the dissolved Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland armed forces; it participated in a number of regional conflicts during the 1970s and 1980s; Zambia actively supported independence movements such as the Union for the Total Liberation of Angola (UNITA), the Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU), the African National Congress of South Africa (ANC), and the South-West Africa People's Organization (SWAPO)</p>"

4
africa/zi.json
View file

@ -1052,10 +1052,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "203,461 (2020)"
"text": "203,461 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "1.37 (2020 est.)"
"text": "1.37 (2021)"
}
}
},

5
antarctica/ay.json
View file

@ -103,6 +103,9 @@
},
"Legal system": {
"text": "Antarctica is administered through annual meetings - known as Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meetings - which include consultative member nations, non-consultative member nations, observer organizations, and expert organizations; decisions from these meetings are carried out by these member nations (with respect to their own nationals and operations) in accordance with their own national laws; more generally, the Antarctic Treaty area, that is to all areas between 60 and 90 degrees south latitude, is subject to a number of relevant legal instruments and procedures adopted by the states party to the Antarctic Treaty; note - US law, including certain criminal offenses by or against US nationals, such as murder, may apply extraterritoriality; some US laws directly apply to Antarctica; for example, the Antarctic Conservation Act, 16 U.S.C. section 2401 et seq., provides civil and criminal penalties for the following activities unless authorized by regulation or statute: the taking of native mammals or birds; the introduction of nonindigenous plants and animals; entry into specially protected areas; the discharge or disposal of pollutants; and the importation into the US of certain items from Antarctica; violation of the Antarctic Conservation Act carries penalties of up to $10,000 in fines and one year in prison; the National Science Foundation and Department of Justice share enforcement responsibilities; Public Law 95-541, the US Antarctic Conservation Act of 1978, as amended in 1996, requires expeditions from the US to Antarctica to notify, in advance, the Office of Oceans and Polar Affairs, Room 2665, Department of State, Washington, DC 20520, which reports such plans to other nations as required by the Antarctic Treaty; for more information, contact antarctica@state.gov"
},
"Flag description": {
"text": "unofficial; a True South flag, created in 2018, has quickly become popular for its simple yet elegant design and has been used by various National Antarctic Programs, Antarctic nonprofits, and expedition teams; the flag's meaning is described as: horizontal stripes of navy and white represent the long days and nights at Antarctica's extreme latitude; in the center, a lone white peak erupts from a field of snow and ice, echoing those of the bergs, mountains, and pressure ridges that define the Antarctic horizon; the long shadow it casts forms the unmistakable shape of a compass arrow pointed south, an homage to the continent's legacy of exploration; together, the two center shapes create a diamond, symbolizing the hope that Antarctica will continue to be a center of peace, discovery, and cooperation for generations to come"
}
},
"Economy": {
@ -166,7 +169,7 @@
}
},
"Heliports": {
"text": "53 (2012)",
"text": "53 (2021)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> all year-round and seasonal stations operated by National Antarctic Programs stations have some kind of helicopter landing facilities, prepared (helipads) or unprepared"
},
"Ports and terminals": {

6
australia-oceania/as.json
View file

@ -1033,10 +1033,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "8,937,550 (2020)"
"text": "9,099,619 Total includes both NBN and non-NBN subscriptions. (2021 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "35.05 (2020 est.)"
"text": "35.68 (2021)"
}
}
},
@ -1098,7 +1098,7 @@
}
},
"Heliports": {
"text": "1 (2013)"
"text": "1 (2021)"
},
"Pipelines": {
"text": "637 km condensate/gas, 30054 km gas, 240 km liquid petroleum gas, 3609 km oil, 110 km oil/gas/water, 72 km refined products (2013)"

6
australia-oceania/bp.json
View file

@ -956,10 +956,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "1,045 (2019)"
"text": "1,000 (2021 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "less than 1 (2019 est.)"
"text": "0.15 less than 1 (2021 est.)"
}
}
},
@ -1009,7 +1009,7 @@
}
},
"Heliports": {
"text": "3 (2013)"
"text": "3 (2021)"
},
"Roadways": {
"total": {

2
australia-oceania/cq.json
View file

@ -741,7 +741,7 @@
}
},
"Heliports": {
"text": "1 (2013)"
"text": "1 (2021)"
},
"Roadways": {
"total": {

6
australia-oceania/cw.json
View file

@ -558,7 +558,7 @@
}
},
"Agricultural products": {
"text": "vegetables, coconuts, roots/tubers nes, cassava, papayas, tomatoes, pork, fruit, sweet potatoes, mangoes/guavas"
"text": "vegetables, coconuts, roots/tubers, cassava, papayas, tomatoes, pork, fruit, sweet potatoes, mangoes/guavas"
},
"Industries": {
"text": "fishing, fruit processing, tourism, clothing, handicrafts"
@ -785,10 +785,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "2,700 (2013)"
"text": "3,000 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "15.14 (2013)"
"text": "17.08 (2021)"
}
}
},

10
australia-oceania/fj.json
View file

@ -995,18 +995,18 @@
},
"Internet users": {
"total": {
"text": "634,100 (2021 est.)"
"text": "676,200 (2022 est.)"
},
"percent of population": {
"text": "49.97% (2019 est.)"
"text": "74.6% (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "13,033 (2018 est.)"
"text": "23,062 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "1.38 (2019 est.)"
"text": "2.57 (2021)"
}
}
},
@ -1127,7 +1127,7 @@
"text": "18 years of age for voluntary military service; mandatory retirement at age 55 (2021)"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "170 Egypt (MFO); 160 Iraq (UNAMI); 150 Golan Heights (UNDOF) (Oct 2021)"
"text": "170 Egypt (MFO); 160 Iraq (UNAMI); 150 Golan Heights (UNDOF) (Jan 2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>the RFMF consists of only 1 infantry regiment and a small naval element with a few patrol boats; as of 2021, it did not possess any aircraft</p> <p>the RFMF has a history of intervening in the country’s politics since the late 1980s, including coups in 1987 and 2006, and a mutiny in 2000</p> <p>the RFMF also has a long tradition of participating in UN peacekeeping operations; since its first deployment of troops to South Lebanon in 1978 under the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL), it has deployed troops on nearly 20 additional UN missions</p>"

4
australia-oceania/fm.json
View file

@ -906,10 +906,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "3,776 (2018 est.)"
"text": "6,000 (2021 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "3.39 (2019 est.)"
"text": "5.52 (2021 est.)"
}
}
},

10
australia-oceania/fp.json
View file

@ -850,18 +850,18 @@
},
"Internet users": {
"total": {
"text": "204,800 (2021 est.)"
"text": "206,000 (2022 est.)"
},
"percent of population": {
"text": "72.7% (2019 est.)"
"text": "72.7% (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "59,790 (2018 est.)"
"text": "64,000 (2021 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "20.89 (2019 est.)"
"text": "22.78 (2021)"
}
}
},
@ -911,7 +911,7 @@
}
},
"Heliports": {
"text": "1 (2013)"
"text": "1 (2021)"
},
"Roadways": {
"total": {

12
australia-oceania/gq.json
View file

@ -775,10 +775,10 @@
},
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
"total subscriptions": {
"text": "98,000 (2004 est.)"
"text": "190,200 (2022 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "61.99 (2004 est.)"
"text": "111.3 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
@ -801,18 +801,18 @@
},
"Internet users": {
"total": {
"text": "136,500 (2021 est.)"
"text": "137,600 (2022 est.)"
},
"percent of population": {
"text": "80.51% (2019 est.)"
"text": "80.5% (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "3,000 (2014)"
"text": "3,000 (2021 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "1.86 (2019)"
"text": "1.78 (2021)"
}
}
},

4
australia-oceania/kr.json
View file

@ -936,10 +936,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "185 (2020)"
"text": "185 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "1 less than 1 (2020 est.)"
"text": "0.15 less than 1 (2021 est.)"
}
}
},

14
australia-oceania/nc.json
View file

@ -461,19 +461,19 @@
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Emmanuel MACRON (since 14 May 2017); represented by High Commissioner Laurent PREVOST (since 5 August 2019)"
"text": "President Emmanuel MACRON (since 14 May 2017); represented by High Commissioner Patrice FAURE (since 6 June 2021)"
},
"head of government": {
"text": "President of the Government Thierry SANTA (since 9 July 2019); Temporary Vice President Gilbert TUIENON (since 9 July 2019); note - Temporary Vice President Gilbert TUIENON was elected so that the new government could take over; Philippe GERMAIN' s government remained caretaker government until the new government was settled"
"text": "President of the Government Louis MAPOU (since 22 July 2021); Vice President Isabelle CHAMPMOREAU (since 22 July 2021)"
},
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet elected from and by the Territorial Congress"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "French president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); high commissioner appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of New Caledonia elected by Territorial Congress for a 5-year term (no term limits); election last held on 13 June 2017 (next to be held in 2022)"
"text": "French president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); high commissioner appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of New Caledonia elected by Territorial Congress for a 5-year term (no term limits); election last held on 8 July 2022 (next to be held in 2027)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Thierry SANTA elected president by Territorial Congress with 6 votes out of 11"
"text": "Louis MAPOU elected president by Territorial Congress with 6 votes out of 11"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
@ -872,10 +872,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "55,371 (2016)"
"text": "55,000 (2021 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "20.43 (2019)"
"text": "19.26 (2021 est.)"
}
}
},
@ -919,7 +919,7 @@
}
},
"Heliports": {
"text": "8 (2013)"
"text": "8 (2021)"
},
"Roadways": {
"total": {

2
australia-oceania/ne.json
View file

@ -396,7 +396,7 @@
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor-General of New Zealand Dame Patricia Lee REDDY (since 28 September 2016); the UK and New Zealand are represented by New Zealand High Commissioner Kirk YATES (since May 2018)"
"text": "Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor-General of New Zealand Cindy KIRO (since 21 October 2021); the UK and New Zealand are represented by New Zealand High Commissioner Helen TUNNAH (since July 2020)"
},
"head of government": {
"text": "Premier Dalton TAGELAGI (since 10 June 2020)"

4
australia-oceania/nh.json
View file

@ -953,10 +953,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "2,785 (2020)"
"text": "2,785 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "less than 1 (2020 est.)"
"text": "0.91 less than 1 (2021)"
}
}
},

2
australia-oceania/nr.json
View file

@ -878,7 +878,7 @@
"text": "950 (2010)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "9.5 (2018)"
"text": "9.5 (2010)"
}
}
},

4
australia-oceania/nz.json
View file

@ -1007,10 +1007,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "1.647 million (2018)"
"text": "1,764,984 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "33.67 (2019 est.)"
"text": "36.6 (2021)"
}
}
},

2
australia-oceania/pc.json
View file

@ -59,7 +59,7 @@
}
},
"Natural resources": {
"text": "miro trees (used for handicrafts), fish, note, manganese, iron, copper, gold, silver, and zinc have been discovered offshore"
"text": "miro trees (used for handicrafts), fish; note - manganese, iron, copper, gold, silver, and zinc have been discovered offshore"
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {

4
australia-oceania/ps.json
View file

@ -874,10 +874,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "1,224 (2016)"
"text": "1,224 (2015)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "6.93 (2018)"
"text": "6.93 (2015)"
}
}
},

4
australia-oceania/rm.json
View file

@ -958,10 +958,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "1,000 (2017 est.)"
"text": "1,000 (2021 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "1.72 (2019 est.)"
"text": "1.69 (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Communications - note": {

4
australia-oceania/tn.json
View file

@ -986,10 +986,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "3,703 (2019)"
"text": "5,000 (2021 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "3.54 (2019 est.)"
"text": "4.73 (2021 est.)"
}
}
},

2
australia-oceania/tv.json
View file

@ -843,7 +843,7 @@
"text": "450 (2017 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "3.96 (2019 est.)"
"text": "3.96 (2017 est.)"
}
}
},

2
australia-oceania/wf.json
View file

@ -108,7 +108,7 @@
"text": "Polynesian"
},
"Languages": {
"text": "Wallisian (indigenous Polynesian language) 58.9%, Futunian 30.1%, French (official) 10.8%, other 0.2% (2003 census)"
"text": "Wallisian (indigenous Polynesian language) 58.9%, Futunian 30.1%, French (official) 10.8%, other 0.2% (2003 est.)"
},
"Religions": {
"text": "Roman Catholic 99%, other 1%"

4
australia-oceania/ws.json
View file

@ -977,10 +977,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "1,692 (2017 est.)"
"text": "1,692 (2021 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "less than 1 (2019 est.)"
"text": "0.85 less than 1 (2021 est.)"
}
}
},

4
central-america-n-caribbean/aa.json
View file

@ -854,10 +854,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "19,000 (2018)"
"text": "19,000 (2021 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "18.21 (2018 est.)"
"text": "17.8 (2021)"
}
}
},

4
central-america-n-caribbean/ac.json
View file

@ -895,10 +895,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "9,261 (2017 est.)"
"text": "8,000 (2021 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "10 (2017 est.)"
"text": "8.17 (2021)"
}
}
},

5
central-america-n-caribbean/av.json
View file

@ -702,8 +702,11 @@
}
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "5,000 (2021 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "35.02 (2019)"
"text": "33.33 (2021)"
}
}
},

4
central-america-n-caribbean/bb.json
View file

@ -970,10 +970,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "106,803 (2019)"
"text": "128,000 (2021 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "37.21 (2019 est.)"
"text": "44.54 (2021)"
}
}
},

10
central-america-n-caribbean/bf.json
View file

@ -900,18 +900,18 @@
},
"Internet users": {
"total": {
"text": "338,900 (2021 est.)"
"text": "338,900 (2022 est.)"
},
"percent of population": {
"text": "85% (2019 est.)"
"text": "85% (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "82,295 (2019)"
"text": "83,000 (2021 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "21.13 (2019 est.)"
"text": "21.11 (2021)"
}
}
},
@ -970,7 +970,7 @@
}
},
"Heliports": {
"text": "1 (2013)"
"text": "1 (2021)"
},
"Roadways": {
"total": {

4
central-america-n-caribbean/bh.json
View file

@ -991,10 +991,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "29,600 (2019)"
"text": "36,000 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "7.58 (2019 est.)"
"text": "9.05 (2021)"
}
}
},

4
central-america-n-caribbean/cj.json
View file

@ -813,10 +813,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "31,232 (2017 est.)"
"text": "3,200 (2021 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "49.28 (2017 est.)"
"text": "48.69 (2021)"
}
}
},

6
central-america-n-caribbean/cs.json
View file

@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
{
"Introduction": {
"Background": {
"text": "Although explored by the Spanish early in the 16th century, initial attempts at colonizing Costa Rica proved unsuccessful due to a combination of factors, including disease from mosquito-infested swamps, brutal heat, resistance by natives, and pirate raids. It was not until 1563 that a permanent settlement of Cartago was established in the cooler, fertile central highlands. The area remained a colony for some two and a half centuries. In 1821, Costa Rica became one of several Central American provinces that jointly declared their independence from Spain. Two years later it joined the United Provinces of Central America, but this federation disintegrated in 1838, at which time Costa Rica proclaimed its sovereignty and independence. Since the late 19th century, only two brief periods of violence have marred the country's democratic development. On 1 December 1948, Costa Rica dissolved its armed forces. Although it still maintains a large agricultural sector, Costa Rica has expanded its economy to include strong technology and tourism industries. The standard of living is relatively high. Land ownership is widespread."
"text": "Although explored by the Spanish early in the 16th century, initial attempts at colonizing Costa Rica proved unsuccessful due to a combination of factors, including disease from mosquito-infested swamps, brutal heat, resistance by indigenous populations, and pirate raids. It was not until 1563 that a permanent settlement of Cartago was established in the cooler, fertile central highlands. The area remained a colony for some two and a half centuries. In 1821, Costa Rica became one of several Central American provinces that jointly declared their independence from Spain. Two years later it joined the United Provinces of Central America, but this federation disintegrated in 1838, at which time Costa Rica proclaimed its sovereignty and independence. Since the late 19th century, only two brief periods of violence have marred the country's democratic development. On 1 December 1948, Costa Rica dissolved its armed forces. Although it still maintains a large agricultural sector, Costa Rica has expanded its economy to include strong technology and tourism industries. The standard of living is relatively high. Land ownership is widespread."
}
},
"Geography": {
@ -1040,10 +1040,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "992,725 (2020)"
"text": "992,725 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "19.49 (2020 est.)"
"text": "19.49 (2021)"
}
}
},

4
central-america-n-caribbean/cu.json
View file

@ -1007,10 +1007,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "231,654 (2020)"
"text": "231,654 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "2.05 (2020 est.)"
"text": "2.05 (2021)"
}
}
},

4
central-america-n-caribbean/do.json
View file

@ -860,10 +860,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "11,514 (2018)"
"text": "11,514 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "16.08 (2018 est.)"
"text": "22.23 (2021)"
}
}
},

6
central-america-n-caribbean/dr.json
View file

@ -1051,10 +1051,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "1,031,858 (2020)"
"text": "1,031,858 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "9.51 (2020 est.)"
"text": "9.51 (2021)"
}
}
},
@ -1110,7 +1110,7 @@
}
},
"Heliports": {
"text": "1 (2013)"
"text": "1 (2021)"
},
"Pipelines": {
"text": "27 km gas, 103 km oil (2013)"

8
central-america-n-caribbean/es.json
View file

@ -1030,10 +1030,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "525,088 (2019)"
"text": "586,000 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "8.14 (2019 est.)"
"text": "9.03 (2021 est.)"
}
}
},
@ -1092,7 +1092,7 @@
}
},
"Heliports": {
"text": "2 (2013)"
"text": "2 (2021)"
},
"Railways": {
"total": {
@ -1167,7 +1167,7 @@
"note": "note - as of 2016, women made up about 6% of the active duty military"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "175 Mali (MINUSMA) (Oct 2021)"
"text": "175 Mali (MINUSMA) (Jan 2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>the National Civilian Police (Ministry of Justice and Public Security) is responsible for maintaining public security, while the Ministry of Defense is responsible for maintaining national security; the constitution separates public security and military functions, but allows the president to use the armed forces in exceptional circumstances to maintain internal peace and public security; Salvadoran presidents have deployed military troops for internal security duties for years, and President BUKELE has continued the tradition; in November 2019, he signed a decree authorizing military involvement in police duties to combat gang violence, organized crime, and narcotics trafficking, as well as assisting with border security; as of 2021, about half of the Army was reportedly deployed in support of the National Police</p>"

12
central-america-n-caribbean/gj.json
View file

@ -879,10 +879,10 @@
},
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
"total subscriptions": {
"text": "113,177 (2018)"
"text": "1.336 million (2022)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "102.1 (2019 est.)"
"text": "117.9 (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
@ -905,18 +905,18 @@
},
"Internet users": {
"total": {
"text": "66,600 (2021 est.)"
"text": "66,900 (2022 est.)"
},
"percent of population": {
"text": "59.07% (2019 est.)"
"text": "59.01% (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "25,577 (2019)"
"text": "32,000 (2021 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "22.84 (2019 est.)"
"text": "28.44 (2021)"
}
}
},

20
central-america-n-caribbean/gt.json
View file

@ -493,7 +493,7 @@
"text": "Guatemala"
},
"etymology": {
"text": "the Spanish conquistadors used many native Americans as allies in their conquest of Guatemala; the site of their first capital (established in 1524), a former Maya settlement, was called \"Quauhtemallan\" by their Nahuatl-speaking Mexican allies, a name that means \"land of trees\" or \"forested land\", but which the Spanish pronounced \"Guatemala\"; the Spanish applied that name to a re founded capital city three years later and eventually it became the name of the country"
"text": "the Spanish conquistadors used many native Americans as allies in their conquest of Guatemala; the site of their first capital (established in 1524), a former Maya settlement, was called \"Quauhtemallan\" by their Nahuatl-speaking Mexican allies, a name that means \"land of trees\" or \"forested land\", but which the Spanish pronounced \"Guatemala\"; the Spanish applied that name to a re-founded capital city three years later and eventually it became the name of the country"
}
},
"Government type": {
@ -510,7 +510,7 @@
"text": "UTC-6 (1 hour behind Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"etymology": {
"text": "the Spanish conquistadors used many native Americans as allies in their conquest of Guatemala; the site of their first capital (established in 1524), a former Maya settlement, was called \"Quauhtemallan\" by their Nahuatl-speaking Mexican allies, a name that means \"land of trees\" or \"forested land\", but which the Spanish pronounced \"Guatemala\"; the Spanish applied that name to a re founded capital city three years later and eventually it became the name of the country"
"text": "the Spanish conquistadors used many native Americans as allies in their conquest of Guatemala; the site of their first capital (established in 1524), a former Maya settlement, was called \"Quauhtemallan\" by their Nahuatl-speaking Mexican allies, a name that means \"land of trees\" or \"forested land\", but which the Spanish pronounced \"Guatemala\"; the Spanish applied that name to a re-founded capital city three years later and eventually it became the name of the country"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
@ -1016,10 +1016,10 @@
},
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
"total subscriptions": {
"text": "20,390,671 (2020)"
"text": "20.26 million (2022)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "113.8 (2020 est.)"
"text": "110 Note that many people around the world make use of more than one mobile connection – for example, they might have one connection for personal use, and another one for work – so it’s not unusual for mobile connection figures to significantly exceed figures for total population. (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
@ -1042,18 +1042,18 @@
},
"Internet users": {
"total": {
"text": "11.75 million (2021 est.)"
"text": "11.97 million (2022 est.)"
},
"percent of population": {
"text": "65% (2019 est.)"
"text": "65% (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "531,000 (2017 est.)"
"text": "612,000 (2021 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "3.14 (2019 est.)"
"text": "3.42 (2021)"
}
}
},
@ -1115,7 +1115,7 @@
}
},
"Heliports": {
"text": "1 (2013)"
"text": "1 (2021)"
},
"Pipelines": {
"text": "480 km oil (2013)"
@ -1189,7 +1189,7 @@
"note": "note - as of 2017, women made up an estimated 5-10% of the active military"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "155 Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO) (Oct 2021)"
"text": "155 Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO) (Jan 2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>since the 2000s, the Guatemalan Government has frequently used the Army to support the National Civil Police (PNC; under the Ministry of Government) in internal security operations (as permitted by the constitution) to combat organized crime, gang violence, and narco-trafficking</p> <p>the military held power during most of the country’s 36-year civil war (1960-1996) and conducted a campaign of widespread violence and repression, particularly against the country’s majority indigenous population; more than 200,000 people were estimated to have been killed or disappeared during the conflict</p>"

16
central-america-n-caribbean/ha.json
View file

@ -561,13 +561,13 @@
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral legislature or le Corps l'egislatif ou le Parlement consists of:<br>le S'enat or Senate (30 seats; 10 filled as of July 2021; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed; members serve 6-year terms (2-term limit) with one-third of the membership renewed every 2 years)<br>la Chambre de deput'es or Chamber of Deputies (119 seats; 0 filled as of July 2021; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed; members serve 4-year terms; no term limits); note - when the 2 chambers meet collectively it is known as L'Assembl'ee nationale or the National Assembly and is convened for specific purposes spelled out in the constitution"
"text": "bicameral legislature or le Corps l'egislatif ou le Parlement consists of:<br>le S'enat or Senate (30 seats statutory, reduced to 10 as of July 2021; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed; members serve 6-year terms (2-term limit) with one-third of the membership renewed every 2 years)<br>la Chambre de deput'es or Chamber of Deputies (119 seats; 0 filled as of July 2021; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed; members serve 4-year terms; no term limits); note - when the 2 chambers meet collectively it is known as L'Assembl'ee nationale or the National Assembly and is convened for specific purposes spelled out in the constitution"
},
"elections": {
"text": "<br>Senate - last held on 20 November 2016 with runoff on 29 January 2017 (next originally scheduled for 27 October 2019, but postponed to 26 September 2021) <br>Chamber of Deputies - last held on 9 August 2015 with runoff on 25 October 2015 and 20 November 2016 (next originally scheduled for 27 October 2019, but postponed to 26 September 2021)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<br>Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 27, women 1, percent of women 3.6%<br>Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 115, women 3, percent of women 2.5%; note - total legislature percent of women 2.7%"
"text": "<br>Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 10, women 0, percent of women 0%<br>Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - NA"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
@ -971,10 +971,10 @@
},
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
"total subscriptions": {
"text": "6,843,380 (2019)"
"text": "7.61 million (2022)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "60.76 (2019 est.)"
"text": "65.5 (2022)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
@ -997,18 +997,18 @@
},
"Internet users": {
"total": {
"text": "4.28 million (2021 est.)"
"text": "4.81 million (2022)"
},
"percent of population": {
"text": "12.33% (2019 est.)"
"text": "41.4% (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "31,100 (2019)"
"text": "31,100 (2021 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "less than 1 (2019 est.)"
"text": "0.27 less than 1 (2021)"
}
}
},

16
central-america-n-caribbean/ho.json
View file

@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
{
"Introduction": {
"Background": {
"text": "Once part of Spain's vast empire in the New World, Honduras became an independent nation in 1821. After two and a half decades of mostly military rule, a freely elected civilian government came to power in 1982. During the 1980s, Honduras proved a haven for anti-Sandinista contras fighting the Marxist Nicaraguan Government and an ally to Salvadoran Government forces fighting leftist guerrillas. The country was devastated by Hurricane Mitch in 1998, which killed about 5,600 people and caused approximately $2 billion in damage. Since then, the economy has slowly rebounded."
"text": "Once part of Spain's vast empire in the New World, Honduras became an independent nation in 1821. After two and a half decades of mostly military rule, a freely elected civilian government came to power in 1982. During the 1980s, Honduras proved a haven for anti-Sandinista contras fighting the Marxist Nicaraguan Government and an ally to Salvadoran Government forces fighting leftist guerrillas. The country was devastated by Hurricane Mitch in 1998, which killed about 5,600 people and caused approximately $2 billion in damage. Since then, the economy has slowly rebounded, despite COVID and severe storm-related setbacks in 2020 and 2021."
}
},
"Geography": {
@ -582,7 +582,7 @@
"text": "last held on 28 November 2021 (next to be held on 30 November 2025)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - LIBRE 39.8%, PNH 31.3%, PL 16.4%, PSH 10.9%, DC 0.8%, PAC 0.8%; seats by bloc or party - LIBRE 51, PNH 40, PL 21, PSH 14, DC 1, PAC 1"
"text": "percent of vote by party - LIBRE 39.8%, PNH 31.3%, PL 16.4%, PSH 10.9%, DC 0.8%, PAC 0.8%; seats by bloc or party - LIBRE 51, PNH 40, PL 21, PSH 14, DC 1, PAC 1; composition - men 93, women 35, percent of women 27.3%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
@ -1012,10 +1012,10 @@
},
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
"total subscriptions": {
"text": "6,960,654 (2020)"
"text": "7.61 million (2020)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "70.28 (2020 est.)"
"text": "75.1 (2022)"
}
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
@ -1038,18 +1038,18 @@
},
"Internet users": {
"total": {
"text": "3.81 million (2021 est.)"
"text": "5.67 million (2022)"
},
"percent of population": {
"text": "31.7% (2019 est.)"
"text": "55.9% (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "396,454 (2020)"
"text": "396,916 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "4 (2020 est.)"
"text": "4.01 (2021 est.)"
}
}
},

4
central-america-n-caribbean/jm.json
View file

@ -996,10 +996,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "385,603 (2020)"
"text": "385,603 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "13.02 (2020 est.)"
"text": "13.02 (2021)"
}
}
},

4
central-america-n-caribbean/mh.json
View file

@ -770,10 +770,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "2,700 (2017)"
"text": "3,000 (2021 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "54.47 (2019)"
"text": "60.1 (2021 est.)"
}
}
},

6
central-america-n-caribbean/nu.json
View file

@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
{
"Introduction": {
"Background": {
"text": "The Pacific coast of Nicaragua was settled as a Spanish colony from Panama in the early 16th century. Independence from Spain was declared in 1821 and the country became an independent republic in 1838. Britain occupied the Caribbean Coast in the first half of the 19th century, but gradually ceded control of the region in subsequent decades. Violent opposition to governmental manipulation and corruption spread to all classes by 1978 and resulted in a short-lived civil war that brought a civic-military coalition, spearheaded by the Marxist Sandinista guerrillas led by Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra to power in 1979. Nicaraguan aid to leftist rebels in El Salvador prompted the US to sponsor anti-Sandinista contra guerrillas through much of the 1980s. After losing free and fair elections in 1990, 1996, and 2001, former Sandinista President Daniel ORTEGA was elected president in 2006, 2011, 2016, and most recently in 2021. Municipal, regional, and national-level elections since 2008 have been marred by widespread irregularities. Democratic institutions have weakened under the ORTEGA administration as the president has garnered full control over all branches of government, especially after cracking down on a nationwide anti-government protest movement in 2018. In the lead-up to the 2021 presidential election, most of the prominent opposition candidates were either arrested or forced into exile leaving only five lesser-known candidates of mostly small parties allied to ORTEGA's Sandinistas to run against him."
"text": "The Pacific coast of Nicaragua was settled as a Spanish colony from Panama in the early 16th century. Independence from Spain was declared in 1821 and the country became an independent republic in 1838. Britain occupied the Caribbean Coast in the first half of the 19th century, but gradually ceded control of the region in subsequent decades. Violent opposition to governmental manipulation and corruption spread to all classes by 1978 and resulted in a short-lived civil war that brought a civic-military coalition, spearheaded by the Marxist Sandinista guerrillas led by Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra to power in 1979. Nicaraguan aid to leftist rebels in El Salvador prompted the US to sponsor anti-Sandinista contra guerrillas through much of the 1980s. After losing free and fair elections in 1990, 1996, and 2001, former Sandinista President Daniel ORTEGA was elected president in 2006, 2011, 2016, and most recently in 2021. Municipal, regional, and national-level elections since 2008 have been marred by widespread irregularities. Democratic institutions have weakened under the ORTEGA administration as the president has garnered full control over all branches of government, especially after cracking down on a nationwide pro-democracy protest movement in 2018. In the lead-up to the 2021 presidential election, authorities arrested over 40 individuals linked to the political opposition, including presidential candidates, private sector leaders, NGO workers, human rights defenders, and journalists. Only five lesser-known presidential candidates of mostly small parties allied to ORTEGA's Sandinistas were allowed to run against ORTEGA in the November 2021 election."
}
},
"Geography": {
@ -1035,10 +1035,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "290,351 (2020)"
"text": "290,351 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "4.38 (2020 est.)"
"text": "4.38 (2021)"
}
}
},

6
central-america-n-caribbean/pm.json
View file

@ -1044,10 +1044,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "562,413 (2020)"
"text": "562,413 (2021 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "13.03 (2020 est.)"
"text": "13.03 (2021 est.)"
}
}
},
@ -1109,7 +1109,7 @@
}
},
"Heliports": {
"text": "3 (2013)"
"text": "3 (2021)"
},
"Pipelines": {
"text": "128 km oil (2013)"

6
central-america-n-caribbean/rn.json
View file

@ -16,10 +16,10 @@
},
"Area": {
"total": {
"text": "54 sq km"
"text": "50 sq km"
},
"land": {
"text": "54.4 sq km"
"text": "50 sq km"
},
"water": {
"text": "negligible"
@ -334,7 +334,7 @@
"text": "Executive Council; note - there is also an advisory economic, social, and cultural council"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "French president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); prefect appointed by French president on the advice of French Ministry of Interior; president of Territorial Council elected by its members for a 5-year term; election last held on 26 March 2017"
"text": "French president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); prefect appointed by French president on the advice of French Ministry of Interior; president of Territorial Council elected by its members for a 5-year term; election last held on 3 April 2022 (next to be held in 2027)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Louis MUSSINGTON (RSM) elected president; Territorial Council vote - 23 out of 23 votes"

6
central-america-n-caribbean/rq.json
View file

@ -435,7 +435,7 @@
"note": "Note: reference Puerto Rican Federal Relations Act, 2 March 1917, as amended by Public Law 600, 3 July 1950"
},
"Dependency status": {
"text": "unincorporated organized territory of the US; policy relations between Puerto Rico and the US conducted under the jurisdiction of the Office of the President"
"text": "unincorporated organized territory of the US with commonwealth status; policy relations between Puerto Rico and the US conducted under the jurisdiction of the Office of the President"
},
"Capital": {
"name": {
@ -886,10 +886,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "671,284 (2020)"
"text": "671,284 (2021)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "23.46 (2020 est.)"
"text": "23.46 (2021)"
}
}
},

4
central-america-n-caribbean/sc.json
View file

@ -889,10 +889,10 @@
},
"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
"total": {
"text": "29,272 (2018 est.)"
"text": "30,000 (2021 est.)"
},
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
"text": "55.82 (2018 est.)"
"text": "56.39 (2021 est.)"
}
}
},

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