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auto-update week 34
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Yo Robot
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@ -641,7 +641,7 @@
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}
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},
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"Political parties and leaders": {
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"text": "Action Movement for Renewal or MAR [Roland BOUITI-VIAUDO]<br>Citizen's Rally or RC [Claude Alphonse NSILOU]<br>Congolese Labour Party or PCT [Denis SASSOU-NGUESSO]<br>Congolese Movement for Democracy and Integral Development or MCDDI [Guy Price Parfait KOLELAS]<br>Movement for Unity, Solidarity, and Work or MUST [Claudine MUNARI]<br>Pan-African Union for Social Development or UPADS [Pascal Tsaty MABIALA]<br>Party for the Unity of the Republic or PUR<br>Patriotic Union for Democracy and Progress or UPDP [Auguste-Celestin GONGARD NKOUA]<br>Prospects and Realities Club or CPR<br>Rally for Democracy and Social Progress or RDPS [Bernard BATCHI]<br>Rally of the Presidential Majority or RMP<br>Republican and Liberal Party or PRL [Bonaventure MIZIDY]<br>Union for the Republic or UR<br>Union of Democratic Forces or UDF<br>Union for Democracy and Republic or UDR<br>many smaller parties"
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"text": "Action Movement for Renewal or MAR [Roland BOUITI-VIAUDO]<br>Citizen's Rally or RC [Claude Alphonse NSILOU]<br>Congolese Labour Party or PCT [Denis SASSOU-NGUESSO]<br>Congolese Movement for Democracy and Integral Development or MCDDI<br>Movement for Unity, Solidarity, and Work or MUST [Claudine MUNARI]<br>Pan-African Union for Social Development or UPADS [Pascal Tsaty MABIALA]<br>Party for the Unity of the Republic or PUR<br>Patriotic Union for Democracy and Progress or UPDP [Auguste-Celestin GONGARD NKOUA]<br>Prospects and Realities Club or CPR<br>Rally for Democracy and Social Progress or RDPS [Jean-Pierre Thystère TCHICAYA]<br>Rally of the Presidential Majority or RMP<br>Republican and Liberal Party or PRL [Bonaventure MIZIDY]<br>Union for the Republic or UR<br>Union of Democratic Forces or UDF<br>Union for Democracy and Republic or UDR<br>many smaller parties"
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},
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"International organization participation": {
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"text": "ACP, AfDB, AU, BDEAC, CEMAC, EITI (compliant country), FAO, FZ, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LCBC (observer), MIGA, NAM, OIF, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNITAR, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
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@ -1270,7 +1270,7 @@
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},
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"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
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"refugees (country of origin)": {
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"text": "29,185 (Central African Republic), 22,133 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (refugees and asylum seekers) (2022)"
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"text": "29,168 (Central African Republic), 22,138 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (refugees and asylum seekers) (2022)"
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},
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"IDPs": {
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"text": "159,830 (multiple civil wars since 1992) (2022)"
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@ -1274,6 +1274,9 @@
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"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the Republican Guard is a division-size element consisting of approximately 5 regiments; it is regarded as the country’s best equipped and trained military unit and is under the direct control of the president"
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},
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"Military expenditures": {
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"Military Expenditures 2021": {
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"text": "0.7% of GDP (2021 est.)"
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},
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"Military Expenditures 2020": {
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"text": "0.7% of GDP (2020 est.)"
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},
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@ -1285,9 +1288,6 @@
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},
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"Military Expenditures 2017": {
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"text": "0.9% of GDP (2017 est.) (approximately $550 million)"
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},
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"Military Expenditures 2016": {
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"text": "1.3% of GDP (2016 est.) (approximately $650 million)"
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}
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},
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"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
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@ -1300,7 +1300,7 @@
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"text": "18-45 years of age for voluntary (men and women) and compulsory (men only) military service; unclear how much conscription is used (2021)"
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},
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"Military - note": {
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"text": "<p>the modern FARDC was created out of the armed factions of the two Congo wars of 1996-1997 and 1998-2003; as part of the peace accords that ended the last war, the largest rebel groups were incorporated into the FARDC; many armed groups, however, continue to fight (note - there are over 100 illegal armed groups in the country by some estimates); as of 2022, the FARDC was actively engaged in combat operations against numerous armed groups inside the country, particularly in the eastern provinces of Ituri, North Kivu, and South Kivu, although violence also continues in Maniema, Kasai, Kasai Central, and Tanganyika provinces; the military is widely assessed as being unable to provide adequate security throughout the country due to insufficient training, poor morale and leadership, ill-discipline and corruption, low equipment readiness, a fractious ethnic makeup, and the sheer size of the country and diversity of armed rebel groups<br><br></p> MONUSCO, the United Nations peacekeeping and stabilization force in the Democratic Republic of Congo, has operated in the central and eastern parts of the country since 1999; as of February 2022, MONUSCO had around 15,000 personnel; MONUSCO includes a Force Intervention Brigade (FIB; 3 infantry battalions, plus artillery and special forces), the first ever UN peacekeeping force specifically tasked to carry out targeted offensive operations to neutralize and disarm groups considered a threat to state authority and civilian security"
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"text": "<p>the modern FARDC was created out of the armed factions of the two Congo wars of 1996-1997 and 1998-2003; as part of the peace accords that ended the last war, the largest rebel groups were incorporated into the FARDC; many armed groups, however, continue to fight and as of 2022, there were over 100 illegal armed groups operating in the country by some estimates; as of 2022, the FARDC was actively engaged in combat operations against numerous armed groups, particularly in the eastern provinces of Ituri, North Kivu, and South Kivu, although there was also violence in Maniema, Kasai, Kasai Central, and Tanganyika provinces; the military is widely assessed as being unable to provide adequate security throughout the country due to insufficient training, poor morale and leadership, ill-discipline and corruption, low equipment readiness, a fractious ethnic makeup, and the sheer size of the country and diversity of armed rebel groups<br><br>MONUSCO, the United Nations peacekeeping and stabilization force in the Democratic Republic of Congo, has operated in the central and eastern parts of the country since 1999; as of mid-2022, MONUSCO had around 15,000 personnel; MONUSCO includes a Force Intervention Brigade (FIB; 3 infantry battalions, plus artillery and special forces), the first ever UN peacekeeping force specifically tasked to carry out targeted offensive operations to neutralize and disarm groups considered a threat to state authority and civilian security</p>"
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}
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},
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"Terrorism": {
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@ -1315,7 +1315,7 @@
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},
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"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
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"refugees (country of origin)": {
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"text": "210,067 (Rwanda), 207,118 (Central African Republic), 56,303 (South Sudan) (refugees and asylum seekers), 40,798 (Burundi) (2022)"
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"text": "210,067 (Rwanda), 206,967 (Central African Republic), 56,303 (South Sudan) (refugees and asylum seekers), 40,798 (Burundi) (2022)"
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},
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"IDPs": {
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"text": "5.61 million (fighting between government forces and rebels since mid-1990s; conflict in Kasai region since 2016) (2021)"
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@ -1193,7 +1193,7 @@
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"text": "18 years of age for military service; no conscription (2021)"
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},
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"Military - note": {
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"text": "the 2013 coup resulted in the institutional collapse of the FACA; its forces were overwhelmed and forced to flee to neighboring countries; reportedly only 10% of the FACA returned after the coup, and it has struggled to rebuild in the years of instability since; the European Union, France, Russia, the UN, and the US have provided various levels of security assistance <br><br>in 2018, the UN Security Council approved Russian security assistance for the CAR to help train and advise FACA personnel, as well as transport them to operational areas, provide logistical support, and assist with medical evacuation; Russia sent private military contractors, and as of early 2022, there were reportedly as many as 2,000 providing assistance to the FACA, as well as performing other security roles such as guarding mines and government officials; some Russian contractors and the CAR forces they supported have been accused of carrying out indiscriminate killings, using excessive force against civilians, and looting<br><br>the UN Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in the Central African Republic (MINUSCA) has operated in the country since 2014; its peacekeeping mission includes providing security, protecting civilians, facilitating humanitarian assistance, disarming and demobilizing armed groups, and supporting the country’s fragile transitional government; in November 2019, the UN Security Council extended the mandate of the MINUSCA peacekeeping mission another year; as of 2022, MINUSCA had about 14,000 total personnel<br><br>the European Union Training Mission in the Central African Republic (EUTM-RCA) has operated in the country since 2016, providing advice, training, and educational programs to the country's security forces (2022)"
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"text": "the 2013 coup resulted in the institutional collapse of the FACA; its forces were overwhelmed and forced to flee to neighboring countries; reportedly only 10% of the FACA returned after the coup, and it has struggled to rebuild in the years of instability since; the European Union, France, Russia, the UN, and the US have provided various levels of security assistance <br><br>in 2018, the UN Security Council approved Russian security assistance for the CAR to help train and advise FACA personnel, as well as transport them to operational areas, provide logistical support, and assist with medical evacuation; Russia sent private military contractors, and as of early 2022, there were reportedly as many as 2,000 providing assistance to the FACA, as well as performing other security roles such as guarding mines and government officials; some Russian contractors and the CAR forces they supported have been accused of carrying out indiscriminate killings, using excessive force against civilians, and looting<br><br>the UN Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in the Central African Republic (MINUSCA) has operated in the country since 2014; its peacekeeping mission includes providing security, protecting civilians, facilitating humanitarian assistance, disarming and demobilizing armed groups, and supporting the country’s fragile transitional government; in November 2019, the UN Security Council extended the mandate of the MINUSCA peacekeeping mission another year; as of mid-2022, MINUSCA had nearly 15,000 total personnel<br><br>the European Union Training Mission in the Central African Republic (EUTM-RCA) has operated in the country since 2016, providing advice, training, and educational programs to the country's security forces (2022)"
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}
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},
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"Transnational Issues": {
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},
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"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
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"refugees (country of origin)": {
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"text": "6,298 (Democratic Republic of Congo) (2022)"
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"text": "6,318 (Democratic Republic of Congo) (2022)"
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},
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"IDPs": {
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"text": "602,134 (clashes between army and rebel groups since 2005; tensions between ethnic groups) (2022)"
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}
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},
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"Political parties and leaders": {
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"text": "Center for United Democrats or CDU [Ahmed Mohamed YOUSSOUF, chairman]<br>Democratic Renewal Party or PRD [Abdillahi HAMARITEH]<br>Djibouti Development Party or PDD [Mohamed Daoud CHEHEM]<br>Front for Restoration of Unity and Democracy (Front pour la Restauration de l'Unite Democratique) or FRUD [Ali Mohamed DAOUD]<br>Movement for Democratic Renewal and Development [Daher Ahmed FARAH]<br>Movement for Development and Liberty or MoDel [Ismail Ahmed WABERI]<br>Movement for the Development and Balance of the Djiboutian Nation (Mouvement pour le Dévelopment et l'Équilibre de la Nation Djiboutienne) or MDEND [Zakaria Ismael FARAH]<br>National Democratic Party or PND [Aden Robleh AWALEH]<br>People's Rally for Progress or RPP [Ismail Omar GUELLEH] (governing party)<br>Peoples Social Democratic Party or PPSD [Hasna Moumin BAHDON]<br>Republican Alliance for Democracy or ARD [Aden Mohamed ABDOU, interim president]<br>Union for a Presidential Majority or UMP (coalition includes RPP, FRUD, PND, PPSD)<br>Union for Democracy and Justice or UDJ [Ilya Ismail GUEDI Hared]"
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"text": "Center for United Democrats or CDU [Ahmed Mohamed YOUSSOUF, chairman]<br>Democratic Renewal Party or PRD [Abdillahi HAMARITEH]<br>Djibouti Development Party or PDD [Mohamed Daoud CHEHEM]<br>Front for Restoration of Unity and Democracy (Front pour la Restauration de l'Unite Democratique) or FRUD [Ali Mohamed DAOUD]<br>Movement for Democratic Renewal and Development [Daher Ahmed FARAH]<br>Movement for Development and Liberty or MoDel [Ismail Ahmed WABERI]<br>Movement for the Development and Balance of the Djiboutian Nation (Mouvement pour le Développement et l'Équilibre de la Nation Djiboutienne) or MDEND [Zakaria Ismael FARAH]<br>National Democratic Party or PND [Aden Robleh AWALEH]<br>People's Rally for Progress or RPP [Ismail Omar GUELLEH] (governing party)<br>Peoples Social Democratic Party or PPSD [Hasna Moumin BAHDON]<br>Republican Alliance for Democracy or ARD [Aden Mohamed ABDOU, interim president]<br>Union for a Presidential Majority or UMP (coalition includes RPP, FRUD, PND, PPSD)<br>Union for Democracy and Justice or UDJ [Ilya Ismail GUEDI Hared]"
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},
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"International organization participation": {
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"text": "ACP, AfDB, AFESD, AMF, AU, CAEU (candidates), COMESA, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAS, MIGA, MINURSO, NAM, OIC, OIF, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
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}
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},
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"Political parties and leaders": {
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"text": "Al-Nour [Yunis MAKHYUN]<br>Arab Democratic Nasserist Party [El Etehad el Masri el ARABI]<br>Congress Party [Omar Al-Mokhtar SEMIDA]<br>Conservative Party [El Mohafezin]<br>Democratic Peace Party [Ahmed FADALY]<br>Egyptian National Movement Party [Gen. Raouf EL SAYED]<br>Egyptian Social Democratic Party [Farid ZAHRAN]<br>El Ghad Party [Moussa Mostafa MOUSSA]<br>El Serh El Masry el Hor [Tarek Ahmed Abbas NADIM]<br>Eradet Geel Party<br>Freedom Party [Mamdouuh HASSAN]<br>Free Egyptians Party [Essam KHALIL]<br>Justice Party<br>Homeland’s Protector Party [Lt. Gen. (retired) Galal AL-HARIDI]<br>Modern Egypt Party [Nabil DEIBIS]<br>Nation's Future Party (Mostaqbal Watan) [Abdel Wahab Abdel RAZEQ]<br>My Homeland Egypt Party [Gen. Seif El Islam ABDEL BARY ]<br>National Progressive Unionist (Tagammu) Party [Sayed Abdel AAL]<br>Reform and Development Party [Mohamad Anwar al-SADAT]<br>Republican People’s Party [Hazim AMR]<br>Revolutionary Guards Party [Magdy EL-SHARIF]<br>Wafd Party[Abdel Sanad YAMAMA]"
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"text": "Al-Nour [Yunis MAKHYUN]<br>Arab Democratic Nasserist Party [El Etehad el Masri el ARABI]<br>Congress Party [Omar Al-Mokhtar SEMIDA]<br>Conservative Party [El Mohafezin]<br>Democratic Peace Party [Ahmed FADALY]<br>Egyptian National Movement Party [Gen. Raouf EL SAYED]<br>Egyptian Social Democratic Party [Farid ZAHRAN]<br>El Ghad Party [Moussa Mostafa MOUSSA]<br>El Serh El Masry el Hor [Tarek Ahmed Abbas NADIM]<br>Eradet Geel Party [Tayseer MATAR]<br>Freedom Party [Mamdouuh HASSAN]<br>Free Egyptians Party [Essam KHALIL]<br>Justice Party<br>Homeland’s Protector Party [Lt. Gen. (retired) Galal AL-HARIDI]<br>Modern Egypt Party [Nabil DEIBIS]<br>Nation's Future Party (Mostaqbal Watan) [Abdel Wahab Abdel RAZEQ]<br>My Homeland Egypt Party [Gen. Seif El Islam ABDEL BARY ]<br>National Progressive Unionist (Tagammu) Party [Sayed Abdel AAL]<br>Reform and Development Party [Mohamad Anwar al-SADAT]<br>Republican People’s Party [Hazim AMR]<br>Revolutionary Guards Party [Magdy EL-SHARIF]<br>Wafd Party [Abdel Sanad YAMAMA]"
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},
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"International organization participation": {
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"text": "ABEDA, AfDB, AFESD, AMF, AU, BSEC (observer), CAEU, CD, CICA, COMESA, D-8, EBRD, FAO, G-15, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, LAS, LCBC (observer), MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSMA, MONUSCO, NAM, OAPEC, OAS (observer), OIC, OIF, OSCE (partner), PCA, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNMISS, UNOCI, UNRWA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
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"text": "information varies; approximately 450,000 active duty personnel (325,000 Army; 18,000 Navy; 30,000 Air Force; 75,000 Air Defense Command); approximately 300,000 Central Security Forces personnel (2022)"
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},
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"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
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"text": "the EAF's inventory is comprised of a mix of domestically produced, imported Soviet-era, and more modern, particularly Western, weapons systems; in recent years, the EAF has embarked on an extensive equipment modernization program with major purchases from a variety of suppliers; since 2010, the leading suppliers of military hardware to Egypt are France, Russia, and the US; Egypt has an established defense industry that produces a range of products from small arms to armored vehicles and naval vessels; it also has licensed and co-production agreements with several countries (2022)"
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"text": "the EAF's inventory is comprised of a mix of domestically produced, imported Soviet-era, and more modern, particularly Western, weapons systems; in recent years, the EAF has embarked on an extensive equipment modernization program with major purchases from a variety of suppliers; since 2010, the leading suppliers of military hardware to Egypt are France, Russia, and the US; Egypt has an established defense industry that produces a range of products from small arms to armored vehicles and naval vessels; it also has licensed and co-production agreements with several countries, including the US (2022)"
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},
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"Military service age and obligation": {
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"text": "voluntary enlistment possible from age 16 (men and women); 18-30 years of age for male conscript military service; service obligation - 14-36 months, followed by a 9-year reserve obligation; active service length depends on education; high school drop-outs serve for the full 36 months, while college graduates serve for lesser periods of time, depending on their education (2022)",
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"text": "voluntary enlistment possible from age 16 (men and women); 18-30 years of age for male conscript military service; service obligation 14-36 months, followed by a 9-year reserve obligation; active service length depends on education; high school drop-outs serve for the full 36 months, while college graduates serve for lesser periods of time, depending on their education (2022)",
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"note": "<strong>note:</strong> as of 2020, conscripts were estimated to comprise over half of the military, as well as a considerable portion of the Central Security Force"
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},
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"Military deployments": {
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},
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"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
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"refugees (country of origin)": {
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"text": "70,022 (West Bank and Gaza Strip) (mid-year 2021); 143,803 (Syria), 52,446 (Sudan) (refugees and asylum seekers), 20,970 (South Sudan) (refugees and asylum seekers), 21,105 (Eritrea) (refugees and asylum seekers), 15,585 (Ethiopia) (refugees and asylum seekers), 10,025 (Yemen) (refugees and asylum seekers), 6,815 (Iraq) (refugees and asylum seekers), 6,802 (Somalia) (refugees and asylum seekers) (2022)"
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"text": "70,022 (West Bank and Gaza Strip) (mid-year 2021); 143,627 (Syria), 52,446 (Sudan) (refugees and asylum seekers), 20,970 (South Sudan) (refugees and asylum seekers), 21,105 (Eritrea) (refugees and asylum seekers), 15,585 (Ethiopia) (refugees and asylum seekers), 10,025 (Yemen) (refugees and asylum seekers), 6,815 (Iraq) (refugees and asylum seekers), 6,802 (Somalia) (refugees and asylum seekers) (2022)"
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},
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"stateless persons": {
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"text": "7 (mid-year 2021)"
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}
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},
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"Political parties and leaders": {
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"text": "Convergence Party for Social Democracy or CPDS [Andres ESONO ONDO]<br>Democratic Party for Equatorial Guinea or PDGE [Teodoro Obiang NGUEMA MBASOGO]<br>Electoral Coalition or EC<br>Juntos Podemos (coalition includes CPDS, FDR, UDC)<br>National Congress of Equatorial Guinea [Agustin MASOKO ABEGUE]<br>National Democratic Party [Benedicto OBIANG MANGUE]<br>National Union for Democracy [Thomas MBA MONABANG]<br>Popular Action of Equatorial Guinea or APGE [Carmelo MBA BACALE]<br>Popular Union or UP [Daniel MARTINEZ AYECABA]<br>Center Right Union or UCD [Avelino MOCACHE MEHENGA]<br><strong>not officially registered parties:<br></strong>Citizens for Innovation or CI [Gabriel Nse Obiang OBONO]<br>Democratic Republican Force or FDR [Guillermo NGUEMA ELA]<br>Party for Progress of Equatorial Guinea or PPGE [Severo MOTO]"
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"text": "Convergence Party for Social Democracy or CPDS [Andres ESONO ONDO]<br>Democratic Party for Equatorial Guinea or PDGE [Teodoro Obiang NGUEMA MBASOGO]<br>Electoral Coalition or EC<br>Juntos Podemos (coalition includes CPDS, FDR, UDC)<br>National Congress of Equatorial Guinea [Agustin MASOKO ABEGUE]<br>National Democratic Party [Benedicto OBIANG MANGUE]<br>National Union for Democracy [Thomas MBA MONABANG]<br>Popular Action of Equatorial Guinea or APGE [Carmelo MBA BACALE]<br>Popular Union or UP [Daniel MARTINEZ AYECABA]<br>Center Right Union or UCD [Avelino MOCACHE MEHENGA]<br><strong>not officially registered parties:<br></strong>Citizens for Innovation or CI [Gabriel Nse Obiang OBONO]<br>Democratic Republican Force or FDR [Guillermo NGUEMA ELA]<br>Party for Progress of Equatorial Guinea or PPGE [Severo MOTO NSA]"
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},
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"International organization participation": {
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"text": "ACP, AfDB, AU, BDEAC, CEMAC, CPLP, FAO, Francophonie, FZ, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ITSO, ITU, MIGA, NAM, OAS (observer), OIF, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, , UNWTO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WTO (observer)"
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"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the Gendarmerie reports to the Ministry of National Defense and is responsible for security outside cities and for special events; military personnel also fulfill some police functions in border areas, sensitive sites, and high-traffic areas"
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},
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"Military expenditures": {
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"Military Expenditures 2021": {
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"text": "1.3% of GDP (2021 est.)"
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},
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"Military Expenditures 2020": {
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"text": "1.5% of GDP (2020 est.)"
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},
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"Military Expenditures 2019": {
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"text": "1.5% of GDP (2019 est.) (approximately $270 million)"
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},
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},
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"Military Expenditures 2017": {
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"text": "1.1% of GDP (2017 est.) (approximately $250 million)"
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},
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"Military Expenditures 2016": {
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"text": "1.2% of GDP (2016 est.) (approximately $260 million)"
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},
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"Military Expenditures 2015": {
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"text": "1% of GDP (2015 est.) (approximately $250 million)"
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}
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},
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"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
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},
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"Military and Security": {
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"Military and security forces": {
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||||
"text": "Eritrean Defense Forces: Eritrean Ground Forces, Eritrean Navy, Eritrean Air Force (includes Air Defense Force) (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "Eritrean Defense Forces: Eritrean Ground Forces, Eritrean Navy, Eritrean Air Force (includes Air Defense Force); Hizbawi Serawit (aka People's Army or People's Militia) (2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military expenditures": {
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1157,7 +1157,7 @@
|
|||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> as of 2020, women reportedly made up as much as 30% of the Eritrean military"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military - note": {
|
||||
"text": "<p>in 2020-2021, the EDF assisted the Ethiopian Government in its war with the Tigray regional government, providing ground forces and combat aircraft; during the fighting, the EDF was accused of committing human rights abuses against civilians</p>"
|
||||
"text": "in 2020-2021, the EDF assisted the Ethiopian Government in its war with the Tigray regional government, providing ground forces and combat aircraft; during the fighting, the EDF was accused of committing human rights abuses against civilians (2022)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Transnational Issues": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -653,7 +653,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "House of Federation - last held 4 October 2021 (next expected 31 October 2026)<br>House of People's Representatives - last held in two parts on 21 June 2021 and 30 September 2021 (next election expected 30 June 2026)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "House of Federation - percent of vote by coalition/party - NA; seats by coalition/party - NA; composition - men 100, women 44, percent of women 30.6%<br>House of Representatives - percent of vote by coalition/party - NA; seats by coalition/party - Prosperity Party 410, NAMA 5, EZEMA 4, Gedeo People's Democratic organization 2, Independents 4; composition - men 275, women 195, percent of women 41.5%; note - total Parliament percent of women 38.9%"
|
||||
"text": "House of Federation - percent of vote by coalition/party - NA; seats by coalition/party - NA; composition - men 100, women 44, percent of women 30.6%<br>House of Representatives - percent of vote by coalition/party - NA; seats by coalition/party - Prosperity Party 410, NAMA 5, EZEMA 4, Gedeo People's Democratic organization 2, independent 4; composition - men 275, women 195, percent of women 41.5%; note - total Parliament percent of women 38.9%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>notes:</strong> House of Federation is responsible for interpreting the constitution and federal-regional issues and the House of People's Representatives is responsible for passing legislation; percent of vote percentages are calculated on the number of members actually seated versus on the constitutional maximums"
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -1270,7 +1270,7 @@
|
|||
"Military and Security": {
|
||||
"Military and security forces": {
|
||||
"text": "Ethiopian National Defense Force (ENDF): Ground Forces, Ethiopian Air Force (Ye Ityopya Ayer Hayl, ETAF) (2022)",
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> in January 2020 the Ethiopian Government announced it had re-established a navy, which was disbanded in 1996; in March 2019 Ethiopia signed a defense cooperation agreement with France which stipulated that France would support the establishment of an Ethiopian navy, which will reportedly be based out of Djibouti<br><br><strong>note 2: </strong>in 2018, Ethiopia established a Republican Guard military unit responsible to the Prime Minister for protecting senior officials<br><br>"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> in January 2020 the Ethiopian Government announced it had re-established a navy, which was disbanded in 1996; in March 2019, Ethiopia signed a defense cooperation agreement with France which stipulated that France would support the establishment of an Ethiopian navy, which would reportedly be based out of Djibouti<br><br><strong>note 2: </strong>in 2018, Ethiopia established a Republican Guard military unit responsible to the Prime Minister for protecting senior officials<br><br>"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military expenditures": {
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2021": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1169,7 +1169,8 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Military and Security": {
|
||||
"Military and security forces": {
|
||||
"text": "Gambia Armed Forces: the Gambian National Army (GNA), Gambia Navy, Gambia Air Force, Republican National Guard (responsible for VIP protection, riot control, and presidential security) (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "Gambian Armed Forces (GAF): the Gambian National Army (GNA), Gambia Navy, Gambia Air Force, Republican National Guard (2022)",
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>the National Guard is responsible for VIP protection, riot control, and presidential security"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military expenditures": {
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2021": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1192,13 +1193,13 @@
|
|||
"text": "information varies; approximately 3,000 active troops (2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
|
||||
"text": "the GNA has a limited equipment inventory; since 2000, it has received only a few secondhand items (2021)"
|
||||
"text": "the GAF has a limited equipment inventory; since 2000, it has received only a few secondhand items (2021)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military service age and obligation": {
|
||||
"text": "18-25 years of age for male and female voluntary military service (18-22 for officers); no conscription; service obligation 6 months (2021)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military - note": {
|
||||
"text": "<p>in 2017, several members of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) sent security forces to The Gambia to conduct stability operations and provide assistance and training following the 2016 election; as of 2022, the ECOWAS Mission in the Gambia (ECOMIG) was comprised of about 1,000 military and gendarmerie personnel from Ghana, Nigeria, and Senegal</p> <p>the Gambian Armed Forces (GAF) traces its origins to the Gambia Regiment of the British Army; established in 1901, the Gambia Regiment was part of the West African Frontier Force (WAFF, later Royal West African Frontier Force or RWAFF) and served in both World Wars, including the British 1944-45 military campaign in Burma; the Gambia Regiment was disbanded in 1958 and replaced by the Field Force, a police paramilitary unit; the Field Force was responsible for The Gambia’s security until the establishment of the Gambian Armed Forces in 1985; in addition, a defense agreement signed in 1965 between The Gambia and Senegal provided mutual assistance in the face of an external threat; from 1981-1989, The Gambia and Senegal formed a Confederal Army that was made up of two-thirds Senegalese and one-third Gambian soldiers</p> <p>the military in Gambia, including the Field Force, has a history of heavy involvement in the country’s politics, including multiple coups or coup attempts and mutinies; as of 2022, the Gambia Armed Forces’ principal responsibilities included aiding civil authorities in emergencies and providing natural disaster relief</p> <p> </p>"
|
||||
"text": "<p>in 2017, several members of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) sent security forces to The Gambia to conduct stability operations and provide assistance and training following the 2016 election; as of 2022, the ECOWAS Mission in the Gambia (ECOMIG) was comprised of about 1,000 military and gendarmerie personnel from Ghana, Nigeria, and Senegal</p> <p>as of 2022, the Gambian Armed Forces' (GAF) principal responsibilities included aiding civil authorities in emergencies and providing natural disaster relief the GAF traces its origins to the Gambia Regiment of the British Army; established in 1901, the Gambia Regiment was part of the West African Frontier Force (WAFF, later Royal West African Frontier Force or RWAFF) and served in both World Wars, including the British 1944-45 military campaign in Burma; the Gambia Regiment was disbanded in 1958 and replaced by the Field Force, a police paramilitary unit; the Field Force was responsible for The Gambia’s security until the establishment of the Gambian Armed Forces in 1985; in addition, a defense agreement signed in 1965 between The Gambia and Senegal provided mutual assistance in the face of an external threat; from 1981-1989, The Gambia and Senegal formed a Confederal Army that was made up of two-thirds Senegalese and one-third Gambian soldiers</p> <p>the military in Gambia, including the Field Force, has a history of heavy involvement in the country’s politics, including multiple coups or coup attempts and mutinies; as of 2022, the Gambia Armed Forces’ principal responsibilities included aiding civil authorities in emergencies and providing natural disaster relief</p>"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Transnational Issues": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1178,7 +1178,8 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Military and Security": {
|
||||
"Military and security forces": {
|
||||
"text": "Gabonese Defense Forces (Forces de Defense Gabonaise): Land Forces (Army), Navy, Air Forces, National Gendarmerie; Republican Guard (land forces under direct presidential control) (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "Gabonese Armed Forces (Force Armées Gabonaise or FAG; aka Gabonese Defense and Security Forces): Land Forces (Army), National Navy, Air Force, National Gendarmerie (includes Coast Guard), Corps of Firemen; Republican Guard (2022)",
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>the National Police Forces, under the Ministry of Interior, and the National Gendarmerie, under the Ministry of Defense, are responsible for law enforcement and public security; elements of the armed forces and the Republican Guard, an elite unit that protects the president under his direct authority, sometimes performed internal security functions"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military expenditures": {
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2021": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1201,7 +1202,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "approximately 6,500 active duty troops including the Republican Guard and Gendarmerie (2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
|
||||
"text": "the FDG is lightly armed with a mixed inventory from a variety of suppliers; since 2010, providers have included Brazil, China, France, Germany, and South Africa (2021)"
|
||||
"text": "the Gabonese military is lightly armed with a mixed inventory from a variety of suppliers; since 2010, providers have included Brazil, China, France, Germany, and South Africa (2021)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military service age and obligation": {
|
||||
"text": "20 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2021)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -598,19 +598,19 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Executive branch": {
|
||||
"chief of state": {
|
||||
"text": "President Col. Mamady DOUMBOUYA (since 1 October 2021); note - on 5 September 2021, Col. Mamady DOUMBOUYA led a military coup in which President CONDE was arrested and detained, the constitution suspended, and the government and People's National Assembly dissolved; on 1 October 2021, DOUMBOUYA was sworn in as transitional president"
|
||||
"text": "President Col. Mamady DOUMBOUYA (since 1 October 2021); note - on 5 September 2021, Col. Mamady DOUMBOUYA led a military coup in which President CONDE was arrested and detained, the constitution suspended, and the government and People's National Assembly dissolved; on 1 October 2021, DOUMBOUYA was sworn in as transitional president (2021)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"head of government": {
|
||||
"text": "formerly, Prime Minister Mohamed BEAVOGUI (since 6 October 2021); note - on 5 September 2021, Col. Mamady DOUMBOUYA led a military coup in which President CONDE was arrested and detained, the constitution suspended, and the government of Prime Minister Ibrahima Kassory FOFANA dissolved"
|
||||
"text": "Prime Minister Bernard GOMOU (since 20 August 2022); note - GOMOU had been acting prime minister since 16 July 2022 replacing Mohamed BEAVOGUI who stepped down due to health reasons (2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"cabinet": {
|
||||
"text": "formerly, the Council of Ministers appointed by the president; note: on 5 September 2021, Col. Mamady DOUMBOUYA led a military coup in which President CONDE was arrested and detained, the constitution suspended, and the government and legislature dissolved"
|
||||
"text": "formerly, the Council of Ministers appointed by the president; note: the 5 September 2021 military coup arrested and detained the president, suspended the constitution, and dissolved the government and legislature "
|
||||
},
|
||||
"elections/appointments": {
|
||||
"text": "formerly, the president was directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term) and the prime minister appointed by the president; election last held on 18 October 2020; note - on 5 September 2021, Col. Mamady DOUMBOUYA led a military coup in which President CONDE was arrested and detained, and on 1 October 2021,Col. Mamady DOUMBOUYA was sworn in as transitional president"
|
||||
"text": "formerly, the president was directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term) and the prime minister appointed by the president; election last held on 18 October 2020; note - a new election time table has not been announced by the transitional government"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "in the election of 18 October 2020, Alpha CONDE reelected president in the first round; percent of vote - Alpha CONDE (RPG) 59.5%, Cellou Dalein DIALLO (UFDG) 33.5%, other 7%; note - following the military coup of 5 September 2021, coup leader Col. Mamady DOUMBOUYA was sworn in as transitional president on 1 October 2021 (2020)"
|
||||
"text": "in the election of 18 October 2020, Alpha CONDE reelected president in the first round; percent of vote - Alpha CONDE (RPG) 59.5%, Cellou Dalein DIALLO (UFDG) 33.5%, other 7%; note - following the military coup of 5 September 2021, coup leader Col. Mamady DOUMBOUYA was sworn in as transitional president on 1 October 2021 (2021)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Legislative branch": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -652,7 +652,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Political parties and leaders": {
|
||||
"text": "African Peoples' Party-Cote d'Ivoire or PPA-CI[Laurent GBAGBO]<br>Pan-African Congress for People's Justice and Equalityor COJEP [Charles BLE GOUDE]<br>Democratic Party of Cote d'Ivoire or PDCI [Henri Konan BEDIE]<br>Ivorian Popular Front or FPI [former pres. [Pascal Affi N'GUESSAN]<br>Liberty and Democracy for the Republic or LIDER [Mamadou KOULIBALY]<br>Movement of the Future Forces or MFA [Innocent Augustin ANAKY KOBENA]<br>Rally of Houphouetists for Democracy and Peace or RHDP [Alassane OUATTARA] <br>Rally of the Republicans or RDR [Henriette DIABATE]<br>Together for Democrary and Sovereignty [Georges Armand OUEGNIN]<br>Together to Build (UDPCI, FPI,and allies) [Toikeuse MABRI]<br>Together to Build (UDPCI, FPI,and allies) [Toikeuse MABRI]<br>Union for Cote d'Ivoire or UPCI [Gnamien KONAN]<br>Union for Democracy and Peace in Cote d'Ivoire or UDPCI [Albert Toikeusse MABRI]"
|
||||
"text": "African Peoples' Party-Cote d'Ivoire or PPA-CI [Laurent GBAGBO]<br>Pan-African Congress for People's Justice and Equality or COJEP [Charles BLE GOUDE]<br>Democratic Party of Cote d'Ivoire or PDCI [Henri Konan BEDIE]<br>Ivorian Popular Front or FPI [Pascal Affi N'GUESSAN]<br>Liberty and Democracy for the Republic or LIDER [Mamadou KOULIBALY]<br>Movement of the Future Forces or MFA [Innocent Augustin ANAKY KOBENA]<br>Rally of Houphouetists for Democracy and Peace or RHDP [Alassane Dramane OUATTARA] <br>Rally of the Republicans or RDR [Henriette DIABATE]<br>Together for Democracy and Sovereignty or EDS [Georges Armand OUEGNIN]<br>Together to Build (UDPCI, FPI,and allies) [Toikeuse MABRI]<br>Union for Cote d'Ivoire or UPCI [Gnamien KONAN]<br>Union for Democracy and Peace in Cote d'Ivoire or UDPCI [Albert Toikeusse MABRI]"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"International organization participation": {
|
||||
"text": "ACP, AfDB, AU, ECOWAS, EITI (compliant country), Entente, FAO, FZ, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINUSMA, MONUSCO, NAM, OIC, OIF, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, Union Latina, UN Security Council (temporary), UNWTO, UPU, WADB (regional), WAEMU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1259,7 +1259,7 @@
|
|||
"Military and Security": {
|
||||
"Military and security forces": {
|
||||
"text": "Kenya Defense Forces: Kenya Army, Kenya Navy, Kenya Air Force (2022)",
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> the National Police Service maintains internal security and reports to the Ministry of Interior and Coordination of National Government; it includes a paramilitary General Service Unit<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> the Kenya Coast Guard Service (established 2018) is under the Ministry of Interior, but led by a military officer and comprised of personnel from the military, as well as the National Police Service, intelligence services, and other government agencies"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> the National Police Service maintains internal security and reports to the Ministry of Interior and Coordination of National Government; it includes a paramilitary General Service Unit<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> the Kenya Coast Guard Service (established 2018) is under the Ministry of Interior but led by a military officer and comprised of personnel from the military, as well as the National Police Service, intelligence services, and other government agencies"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military expenditures": {
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2021": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1255,7 +1255,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "34,093 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (refugees and asylum seekers), 12,658 (Burundi) (refugees and asylum seekers), 7,621 (Rwanda) (refugees and asylum seekers) (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "34,363 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (refugees and asylum seekers), 12,658 (Burundi) (refugees and asylum seekers), 7,621 (Rwanda) (refugees and asylum seekers) (2022)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1218,7 +1218,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Military and Security": {
|
||||
"Military and security forces": {
|
||||
"text": "Malian Armed Forces (FAMa): Army (Armee de Terre; includes a riverine patrol force), Republic of Mali Air Force (Force Aerienne de la Republique du Mali, FARM); National Gendarmerie; National Guard (Garde National du Mali) (2022)",
|
||||
"text": "Malian Armed Forces (FAMA): Army (includes a riverine patrol force), Republic of Mali Air Force; National Gendarmerie; National Guard (2022)",
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> the Gendarmerie and the National Guard are under the authority of the Ministry of Defense and Veterans Affairs (Ministere De La Defense Et Des Anciens Combattants, MDAC), but operational control is shared between the MDAC and the Ministry of Internal Security and Civil Protection<br><br><strong>note 2: </strong>the Gendarmerie's primary mission is internal security and public order; its duties also include territorial defense, humanitarian operations, intelligence gathering, and protecting private property, mainly in rural areas; as of 2021, the Gendarmerie was comprised of approximately 8 paramilitary companies and a mobile intervention unit<br><br><strong>note 3: </strong>the National Guard is a military force responsible for providing security to government facilities and institutions, prison service, public order, humanitarian operations, some border security, and intelligence gathering; as of 2021, it had approximately 8 companies of troops, including a camel corps for patrolling the deserts and borders of northern Mali<br><br><strong>note 4: </strong>there are also pro-government militias operating in Mali, such as the Imghad Tuareg Self-Defense Group and Allies (GATIA)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military expenditures": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1239,10 +1239,10 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
|
||||
"text": "information varies; approximately 20,000 active FAMa personnel (includes up to 2,000 Air Force); approximately 5,000 Gendarmerie; approximately 10,000 National Guard (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "information varies; approximately 20,000 active FAMA personnel (includes up to 2,000 Air Force); approximately 5,000 Gendarmerie; approximately 10,000 National Guard (2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
|
||||
"text": "the FAMa's inventory consists primarily of Soviet-era equipment, although in recent years it has received limited quantities of mostly second-hand armaments from more than a dozen countries, including Russia (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "the FAMA's inventory consists primarily of Soviet-era equipment, although in recent years it has received limited quantities of mostly second-hand armaments from more than a dozen countries, including Russia (2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military service age and obligation": {
|
||||
"text": "18 years of age for selective compulsory and voluntary military service (men and women); 2-year conscript service obligation (2022)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1294,7 +1294,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "67,567 (Democratic Republic of Congo) (refugees and asylum seekers), 8,374 (Burundi) (refugees and asylum seekers) (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "10,788 (Democratic Republic of Congo) (refugees and asylum seekers), 8,374 (Burundi) (refugees and asylum seekers) (2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"IDPs": {
|
||||
"text": "946,508 (violence between the government and an opposition group, violence associated with extremists groups in 2018, political violence 2019) (2022)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -349,7 +349,7 @@
|
|||
"aerosolized dust or soil contact diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "Lassa fever"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> on 4 May 2022, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention issued a Travel Health Notice for a Yellow Fever outbreak in Nigeria; a large, ongoing outbreak of yellow fever in Nigeria began in September 2017; the outbreak is now spread throughout the country with the Nigerian Ministry of Health reporting cases of the disease in multiple states (Bauchi, Benue, Delta, Ebonyi, and Enugu); the CDC recommends travelers going to Nigeria should receive vaccination against yellow fever at least 10 days before travel and should take steps to prevent mosquito bites while there; those never vaccinated against yellow fever should avoid travel to Nigeria during the outbreak<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout Nigeria; as of 6 June 2022, Nigeria has reported a total of 256,148 cases of COVID-19 or 124.3 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 3,148 cumulative deaths or a rate of 1.5 cumulative death per 100,000 population; as of 22 May 2022, 12.97% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine<br> <strong>note 3: </strong>on 21 March 2022, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued a Travel Alert for polio in Africa; Nigeria is currently considered a high risk to travelers for circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPV); vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) is a strain of the weakened poliovirus that was initially included in oral polio vaccine (OPV) and <em>that has changed over time and behaves more like the wild or naturally occurring virus</em>; this means it can be spread more easily to people who are unvaccinated against polio and who come in contact with the stool or respiratory secretions, such as from a sneeze, of an “infected” person who received oral polio vaccine; the CDC recommends that before any international travel, anyone unvaccinated, incompletely vaccinated, or with an unknown polio vaccination status should complete the routine polio vaccine series; before travel to any high-risk destination, the CDC recommends that adults who previously completed the full, routine polio vaccine series receive a single, lifetime booster dose of polio vaccine"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> on 4 May 2022, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention issued a Travel Health Notice for a Yellow Fever outbreak in Nigeria; a large, ongoing outbreak of yellow fever in Nigeria began in September 2017; the outbreak is now spread throughout the country with the Nigerian Ministry of Health reporting cases of the disease in multiple states (Bauchi, Benue, Delta, Ebonyi, and Enugu); the CDC recommends travelers going to Nigeria should receive vaccination against yellow fever at least 10 days before travel and should take steps to prevent mosquito bites while there; those never vaccinated against yellow fever should avoid travel to Nigeria during the outbreak<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout Nigeria; as of 18 August 2022, Nigeria has reported a total of 262,664 cases of COVID-19 or 127.42 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 3,147 cumulative deaths or a rate of 1.52 cumulative death per 100,000 population<br> <strong>note 3: </strong>on 21 March 2022, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued a Travel Alert for polio in Africa; Nigeria is currently considered a high risk to travelers for circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPV); vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) is a strain of the weakened poliovirus that was initially included in oral polio vaccine (OPV) and <em>that has changed over time and behaves more like the wild or naturally occurring virus</em>; this means it can be spread more easily to people who are unvaccinated against polio and who come in contact with the stool or respiratory secretions, such as from a sneeze, of an “infected” person who received oral polio vaccine; the CDC recommends that before any international travel, anyone unvaccinated, incompletely vaccinated, or with an unknown polio vaccination status should complete the routine polio vaccine series; before travel to any high-risk destination, the CDC recommends that adults who previously completed the full, routine polio vaccine series receive a single, lifetime booster dose of polio vaccine"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
|
||||
"text": "8.9% (2016)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -505,7 +505,7 @@
|
|||
"aerosolized dust or soil contact diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "Lassa fever"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> on 4 May 2022, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention issued a Travel Health Notice for a Yellow Fever outbreak in Nigeria; a large, ongoing outbreak of yellow fever in Nigeria began in September 2017; the outbreak is now spread throughout the country with the Nigerian Ministry of Health reporting cases of the disease in multiple states (Bauchi, Benue, Delta, Ebonyi, and Enugu); the CDC recommends travelers going to Nigeria should receive vaccination against yellow fever at least 10 days before travel and should take steps to prevent mosquito bites while there; those never vaccinated against yellow fever should avoid travel to Nigeria during the outbreak<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout Nigeria; as of 6 June 2022, Nigeria has reported a total of 256,148 cases of COVID-19 or 124.3 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 3,148 cumulative deaths or a rate of 1.5 cumulative death per 100,000 population; as of 22 May 2022, 12.97% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine<br> <strong>note 3: </strong>on 21 March 2022, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued a Travel Alert for polio in Africa; Nigeria is currently considered a high risk to travelers for circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPV); vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) is a strain of the weakened poliovirus that was initially included in oral polio vaccine (OPV) and <em>that has changed over time and behaves more like the wild or naturally occurring virus</em>; this means it can be spread more easily to people who are unvaccinated against polio and who come in contact with the stool or respiratory secretions, such as from a sneeze, of an “infected” person who received oral polio vaccine; the CDC recommends that before any international travel, anyone unvaccinated, incompletely vaccinated, or with an unknown polio vaccination status should complete the routine polio vaccine series; before travel to any high-risk destination, the CDC recommends that adults who previously completed the full, routine polio vaccine series receive a single, lifetime booster dose of polio vaccine"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> on 4 May 2022, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention issued a Travel Health Notice for a Yellow Fever outbreak in Nigeria; a large, ongoing outbreak of yellow fever in Nigeria began in September 2017; the outbreak is now spread throughout the country with the Nigerian Ministry of Health reporting cases of the disease in multiple states (Bauchi, Benue, Delta, Ebonyi, and Enugu); the CDC recommends travelers going to Nigeria should receive vaccination against yellow fever at least 10 days before travel and should take steps to prevent mosquito bites while there; those never vaccinated against yellow fever should avoid travel to Nigeria during the outbreak<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout Nigeria; as of 18 August 2022, Nigeria has reported a total of 262,664 cases of COVID-19 or 127.42 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 3,147 cumulative deaths or a rate of 1.52 cumulative death per 100,000 population<br> <strong>note 3: </strong>on 21 March 2022, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued a Travel Alert for polio in Africa; Nigeria is currently considered a high risk to travelers for circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPV); vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) is a strain of the weakened poliovirus that was initially included in oral polio vaccine (OPV) and <em>that has changed over time and behaves more like the wild or naturally occurring virus</em>; this means it can be spread more easily to people who are unvaccinated against polio and who come in contact with the stool or respiratory secretions, such as from a sneeze, of an “infected” person who received oral polio vaccine; the CDC recommends that before any international travel, anyone unvaccinated, incompletely vaccinated, or with an unknown polio vaccination status should complete the routine polio vaccine series; before travel to any high-risk destination, the CDC recommends that adults who previously completed the full, routine polio vaccine series receive a single, lifetime booster dose of polio vaccine"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Food insecurity": {
|
||||
"widespread lack of access": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -620,7 +620,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "President Maj. Gen. (ret.) Muhammadu BUHARI (since 29 May 2015); Vice President Oluyemi \"Yemi\" OSINBAJO (since 29 May 2015); note - the president is both chief of state, head of government, and commander-in-chief of the armed forces"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"head of government": {
|
||||
"text": "President Maj.Gen. (ret.) Muhammadu BUHARI (since 29 May 2015); Vice President Oluyemi \"Yemi\" OSINBAJO (since 29 May 2015)"
|
||||
"text": "President Maj. Gen. (ret.) Muhammadu BUHARI (since 29 May 2015); Vice President Oluyemi \"Yemi\" OSINBAJO (since 29 May 2015)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"cabinet": {
|
||||
"text": "Federal Executive Council appointed by the president but constrained constitutionally to include at least one member from each of the 36 states"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1079,7 +1079,7 @@
|
|||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> in 2019, women made up less than 10% of the active military"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military - note": {
|
||||
"text": "the South Sudan People’s Defense Force (SSPDF), formerly the Sudan People’s Liberation Army (SPLA), was founded as a guerrilla movement against the Sudanese Government in 1983 and participated in the Second Sudanese Civil War (1983-2005); the Juba Declaration that followed the Comprehensive Peace Agreement of 2005 unified the SPLA and the South Sudan Defense Forces (SSDF), the second-largest rebel militia remaining from the civil war, under the SPLA name; in 2017, the SPLA was renamed the South Sudan Defense Forces (SSDF) and in September 2018 was renamed again as the SSPDF<br><br>under the September 2018 peace agreement, all armed groups in South Sudan were to assemble at designated sites where fighters could be either disarmed and demobilized, or integrated into unified military and police forces; the unified forces were then to be retrained and deployed prior to the formation of a national unity government; all fighters were ordered to these sites in July 2019; some progress toward merging the various armed forces into a national army has been made; for example, in 2020, South Sudan announced that it was graduating some unified forces at various training centers across the country, and that same year the SSPDF incorporated some senior officers from the main opposition force, the Sudan People's Liberation Movement Army - in Opposition (SPLM/A-IO) into its rank structure; nevertheless, overall progress has limited, and as of early 2022, formation of the National Unified Forces was still pending; in 2022, armed clashes also continued to occur between government forces and armed militant groups, including the SPLM<br><br>the United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) has operated in the country since 2011 with the objectives of consolidating peace and security and helping establish conditions for the successful economic and political development of South Sudan; UNMISS had about 15,300 personnel deployed in the country as of February 2022<br><br>United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) has operated in the disputed Abyei region along the border between Sudan and South Sudan since 2011; UNISFA's mission includes ensuring security, protecting civilians, strengthening the capacity of the Abyei Police Service, de-mining, monitoring/verifying the redeployment of armed forces from the area, and facilitating the flow of humanitarian aid; as of February 2022, UNISFA had approximately 3,300 personnel deployed"
|
||||
"text": "the South Sudan People’s Defense Force (SSPDF), formerly the Sudan People’s Liberation Army (SPLA), was founded as a guerrilla movement against the Sudanese Government in 1983 and participated in the Second Sudanese Civil War (1983-2005); the Juba Declaration that followed the Comprehensive Peace Agreement of 2005 unified the SPLA and the South Sudan Defense Forces (SSDF), the second-largest rebel militia remaining from the civil war, under the SPLA name; in 2017, the SPLA was renamed the South Sudan Defense Forces (SSDF) and in September 2018 was renamed again as the SSPDF<br><br>under the September 2018 peace agreement, all armed groups in South Sudan were to assemble at designated sites where fighters could be either disarmed and demobilized, or integrated into unified military and police forces; the unified forces were then to be retrained and deployed prior to the formation of a national unity government; all fighters were ordered to these sites in July 2019; some progress toward merging the various armed forces into a national army has been made; for example, in 2020, South Sudan announced that it was graduating some unified forces at various training centers across the country, and that same year the SSPDF incorporated some senior officers from the main opposition force, the Sudan People's Liberation Movement Army - in Opposition (SPLM/A-IO) into its rank structure; nevertheless, overall progress has limited, and as of early 2022, formation of the National Unified Forces was still pending; in 2022, armed clashes also continued to occur between government forces and armed militant groups, including the SPLM<br><br>the United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) has operated in the country since 2011 with the objectives of consolidating peace and security and helping establish conditions for the successful economic and political development of South Sudan; UNMISS had about 15,000 personnel deployed in the country as of mid-2022<br><br>United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) has operated in the disputed Abyei region along the border between Sudan and South Sudan since 2011; UNISFA's mission includes ensuring security, protecting civilians, strengthening the capacity of the Abyei Police Service, de-mining, monitoring/verifying the redeployment of armed forces from the area, and facilitating the flow of humanitarian aid; as of mid-2022, UNISFA had approximately 2,000 personnel deployed"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Transnational Issues": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1088,7 +1088,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "311,819 (Sudan), 19,312 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "311,819 (Sudan), 19,402 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"IDPs": {
|
||||
"text": "2,017,236 (alleged coup attempt and ethnic conflict beginning in December 2013; information is lacking on those displaced in earlier years by: fighting in Abyei between the Sudanese Armed Forces and the Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA) in May 2011; clashes between the SPLA and dissident militia groups in South Sudan; inter-ethnic conflicts over resources and cattle; attacks from the Lord's Resistance Army; floods and drought) (2022)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1220,7 +1220,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "76,847 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) 48,354 (Burundi) (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "76,530 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) 48,354 (Burundi) (2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "9,500 (mid-year 2021)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -337,7 +337,7 @@
|
|||
"water contact diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "schistosomiasis"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout South Africa; as of 6 June 2022, South Africa has reported a total of 3,968,205 cases of COVID-19 or 6,690.7 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 101,317 cumulative deaths or a rate of 170.83 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 6 June 2022, 36.33% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout South Africa; as of 18 August 2022, South Africa has reported a total of 4,008,988 cases of COVID-19 or 6,759.52 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 101,982 cumulative deaths or a rate of 171.95 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 17 August 2022, 37.4% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
|
||||
"text": "28.3% (2016)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -476,7 +476,7 @@
|
|||
"water contact diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "schistosomiasis"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout South Africa; as of 6 June 2022, South Africa has reported a total of 3,968,205 cases of COVID-19 or 6,690.7 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 101,317 cumulative deaths or a rate of 170.83 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 6 June 2022, 36.33% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout South Africa; as of 18 August 2022, South Africa has reported a total of 4,008,988 cases of COVID-19 or 6,759.52 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 101,982 cumulative deaths or a rate of 171.95 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 17 August 2022, 37.4% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Waste and recycling": {
|
||||
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -655,7 +655,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Diplomatic representation from the US": {
|
||||
"chief of mission": {
|
||||
"text": "Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Heather MERRITT (since April 2022)"
|
||||
"text": "Ambassador Reuben E. BRIGETY II (since 11 August 2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"embassy": {
|
||||
"text": "877 Pretorius Street, Arcadia, Pretoria"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1240,7 +1240,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Military and Security": {
|
||||
"Military and security forces": {
|
||||
"text": "Senegalese Armed Forces (Forces Armées Sénégalaises, FAS): Army, Senegalese National Navy (Marine Senegalaise, MNS), Senegalese Air Force (Armee de l'Air du Senegal), National Gendarmerie (includes Territorial and Mobile components); Ministry of Interior: National Police (2022)",
|
||||
"text": "Senegalese Armed Forces (les Forces Armées Sénégalaises, FAS): Army, Senegalese National Navy (Marine Senegalaise, MNS), Senegalese Air Force (l'Armee de l'Air du Senegal), National Gendarmerie (includes Territorial and Mobile components); Ministry of Interior: National Police (2022)",
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the National Police operates in major cities, while the Gendarmerie primarily operates outside urban areas"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military expenditures": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -566,12 +566,12 @@
|
|||
"text": "bicameral Federal Parliament to consist of:<br>Senate (54 seats; senators indirectly elected by state assemblies to serve 4-year terms)<br>House of the People (275 seats; members indirectly elected by electoral colleges, each consisting of 51 delegates selected by the 136 Traditional Elders in consultation with sub-clan elders; members serve 4-year terms)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"elections": {
|
||||
"text": "<br>Senate - first held on 10 October 2016 (next to be held by 25 February 2022)<br>House of the People - first held 23 October - 10 November 2016 (next to be held by 25 February 2022)"
|
||||
"text": "Senate - first held on 10 October 2016; last held 27 July - 13 November 2021 (next to be held in 2025)<br>House of the People - first held 23 October - 10 November 2016 (next to be held September - October 2021 but postponed to November 2021 and extended numerous times to April 2022; next to be held in 2026)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "<br>Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 41, women 13, percent of women 24.1%<br>House of the People - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 208, women 67, percent of women 24.4%; note - total Parliament percent of women 24.3%"
|
||||
"text": "Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 40, women 14, percent of women 25.9%<br>House of the People - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 225, women 50, percent of women 22.2%; note - total Parliament percent of women 19.5%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the inaugural House of the People was appointed in September 2012 by clan elders; in 2016 and 2017, the Federal Parliament became bicameral with elections scheduled for 10 October 2016 for the Upper House - renamed 'Senate' and 23 October to 10 November 2016 for the House of the People; while the elections were delayed, they were eventually held in most regions despite voting irregularities; on 27 December 2016, 41 Upper House senators and 242 House of the People members were sworn in"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the inaugural House of the People was appointed in September 2012 by clan elders; in 2016 and 2017, the Federal Parliament became bicameral with elections scheduled for 10 October 2016 for the Upper House - renamed 'Senate' and 23 October to 10 November 2016 for the House of the People; while the elections were delayed, they were eventually held in most regions despite voting irregularities; on 27 December 2016, 41 Upper House senators and 242 House of the People Members of Parliament (MP) were sworn in"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Judicial branch": {
|
||||
"highest courts": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1128,7 +1128,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "18 is the legal minimum age for compulsory and voluntary military service; conscription is authorized, but not currently utilized (2021)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military - note": {
|
||||
"text": "<p>as of 2022, large parts of the country remained outside government control and under the control of the insurgent Islamist group al-Shabaab; al-Shabaab contested government control in some other areas (see Appendix T)<br><br>as of 2022, a significant portion of the SNA was comprised of militia forces that lacked the discipline, structure, weapons, and overall capabilities for effective military operations; of the SNA’s approximately 13 brigades, the most effective were assessed to be the US-trained Danab (\"Lightning\") Advanced Infantry Brigade and those of the Turkish-trained Gorgor (\"Eagle\") Special Division; in 2020-2021, the Danab Brigade conducted most of the SNA’s offensive operations in Somalia and nearly all counterterrorism operations against the al-Shabaab terrorist group; as of 2022, it numbered about 1,500 troops with an eventual projected strength of 3,000, while the Gorgor Division was estimated to have 4,500-5,000 trained troops</p> the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) operated in the country with the approval of the UN from 2007-2022; its peacekeeping mission included assisting Somali forces in providing security for a stable political process, enabling the gradual handing over of security responsibilities from AMISOM to the Somali security forces, and reducing the threat posed by Al-Shabaab and other armed opposition groups; in May 2022, AMISOM was reconfigured and replaced with the AU Transition Mission in Somalia (ATMIS); the ATMIS mission is to support the Somalia Federal Government (FGS) in implementing the security objectives of the FGS's security transition plan, a comprehensive strategy developed by the FGS and its international partners to gradually transfer security responsibilities from ATMIS to Somali security forces; ATMIS is projected to gradually reduce staffing from its 2022 level of about 20,000 personnel (civilians, military, and police) to zero by the end of 2024 <br><br>UN Assistance Mission in Somalia (UNSOM; established 2013) is mandated by the Security Council to work with the FGS to support national reconciliation, provide advice on peace-building and state-building, monitor the human rights situation, and help coordinate the efforts of the international community<br><br>the UN Support Office in Somalia (UNSOS; established 2015) is responsible for providing logistical field support to AMISOM, UNSOM, the Somali National Army, and the Somali Police Force on joint operations with AMISOM<br><br>the European Union Training Mission in Somalia (EUTM-S) has operated in the country since 2010; the EUTM provides advice and training to the Somali military; the US and Turkey maintain separate unilateral military training missions in Somalia; the UAE also maintains a military presence in Somalia (Somaliland)"
|
||||
"text": "<p>as of 2022, large parts of the country remained outside government control and under the control of the insurgent Islamist group al-Shabaab; al-Shabaab contested government control in some other areas (see Appendix T)<br><br>as of 2022, a significant portion of the SNA was comprised of militia forces that lacked the discipline, structure, weapons, and overall capabilities for effective military operations; of the SNA’s approximately 13 brigades, the most effective were assessed to be the US-trained Danab (\"Lightning\") Advanced Infantry Brigade and those of the Turkish-trained Gorgor (\"Eagle\") Special Division; in 2020-2021, the Danab Brigade conducted most of the SNA’s offensive operations in Somalia and nearly all counterterrorism operations against the al-Shabaab terrorist group; as of 2022, it numbered about 1,500 troops with an eventual projected strength of 3,000, while the Gorgor Division was estimated to have 4,500-5,000 trained troops</p> the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) operated in the country with the approval of the UN from 2007-2022; its peacekeeping mission included assisting Somali forces in providing security for a stable political process, enabling the gradual handing over of security responsibilities from AMISOM to the Somali security forces, and reducing the threat posed by Al-Shabaab and other armed opposition groups; in May 2022, AMISOM was reconfigured and replaced with the AU Transition Mission in Somalia (ATMIS); the ATMIS mission is to support the Somalia Federal Government (FGS) in implementing the security objectives of the FGS's security transition plan, a comprehensive strategy developed by the FGS and its international partners in 2018 (updated in 2021) to gradually transfer security responsibilities from ATMIS to Somali security forces; ATMIS is projected to gradually reduce staffing from its 2022 level of about 20,000 personnel (civilians, military, and police) to zero by the end of 2024 <br><br>UN Assistance Mission in Somalia (UNSOM; established 2013) is mandated by the Security Council to work with the FGS to support national reconciliation, provide advice on peace-building and state-building, monitor the human rights situation, and help coordinate the efforts of the international community<br><br>the UN Support Office in Somalia (UNSOS; established 2015) is responsible for providing logistical field support to AMISOM, UNSOM, the Somali National Army, and the Somali Police Force on joint operations with AMISOM<br><br>the European Union Training Mission in Somalia (EUTM-S) has operated in the country since 2010; the EUTM provides advice and training to the Somali military; the US and Turkey maintain separate military training missions in Somalia; the UAE also maintains a military presence in Somalia (Somaliland)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Maritime threats": {
|
||||
"text": "<p>the International Maritime Bureau’s (IMB) Piracy Reporting Center (PRC) received one incident of piracy and armed robbery in 2021 for the Horn of Africa; while there were no recorded incidents, the IMB PRC warns that Somalia pirates continue to possess the capacity to carry out attacks in the Somali basin and wider Indian Ocean; in particular, the report warns that, \"Masters and crew must remain vigilant and cautious when transiting these waters.\"; the presence of several naval task forces in the Gulf of Aden and additional anti-piracy measures on the part of ship operators, including the use of on-board armed security teams, contributed to the drop in incidents; the EU naval mission, Operation ATALANTA, continues its operations in the Gulf of Aden and Indian Ocean through 2022; naval units from China, India, Japan, Pakistan, South Korea, the US, and other countries also operate in conjunction with EU forces; China has established a logistical base in Djibouti to support its deployed naval units in the Horn of Africa</p>"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1221,6 +1221,12 @@
|
|||
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> the RSF is a semi-autonomous paramilitary force formed in 2013 to fight armed rebel groups in Sudan, with Mohammed Hamdan DAGALO (aka Hemeti) as its commander (he is also a member of the Sovereign Council); it was initially placed under the National Intelligence and Security Service, then came under the direct command of former president Omar al-BASHIR, who boosted the RSF as his own personal security force; as a result, the RSF was better funded and equipped than the regular armed forces; the RSF has since recruited from all parts of Sudan beyond its original Darfuri Arab groups but remains under the personal patronage and control of DAGALO; the RSF has been accused of committing human rights abuses against civilians; it is also reportedly involved in business enterprises, such as gold mining; in late 2019, Sovereign Council Chairman and SAF Commander-in-Chief General Abd-al-Fatah al-BURHAN said the RSF would be fully integrated into the SAF, but did not give a timeline<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> the Central Reserve Police is a combat-trained paramilitary force that has been used against demonstrators and sanctioned by the US for human rights abuses"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military expenditures": {
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2021": {
|
||||
"text": "1% of GDP (2021 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
|
||||
"text": "1% of GDP (2020 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
|
||||
"text": "2.4% of GDP (2019 est.) (approximately $2.08 billion)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -1230,12 +1236,6 @@
|
|||
"Military Expenditures 2017": {
|
||||
"text": "3.6% of GDP (2017 est.) (approximately $2.75 billion)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2016": {
|
||||
"text": "2.9% of GDP (2016 est.) (approximately $2.55 billion)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2015": {
|
||||
"text": "2.4% of GDP (2015 est.) (approximately $2.64 billion)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> many defense expenditures are probably off-budget"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1252,7 +1252,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "Sudan joined the Saudi-led coalition that intervened in Yemen in 2015, reportedly providing as many as 40,000 troops during the peak of the war in 2016-17, mostly from the Rapid Support Forces; by 2021, Sudan had reduced the size of the force to about a brigade (approximately 2-3,000 troops) (2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military - note": {
|
||||
"text": "<p>the Sudanese military has been a dominant force in the ruling of the country since its independence in 1956; in addition, the Sudanese military and security forces have a large role in the country's economy, reportedly controlling over 200 commercial companies, including businesses involved in gold mining, rubber production, agriculture, and meat exports</p> the United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) has operated in the disputed Abyei region along the border between Sudan and South Sudan since 2011; UNISFA's mission includes ensuring security, protecting civilians, strengthening the capacity of the Abyei Police Service, de-mining, monitoring/verifying the redeployment of armed forces from the area, and facilitating the flow of humanitarian aid; UNISFA had about 3,300 personnel deployed as of February 2022<br><br>in addition, the United Nations African Union Hybrid Operation in Darfur (UNAMID) operated in the war-torn Darfur region between 2007 and the end of its mandate in July 2021; UNAMID was a joint African Union-UN peacekeeping force with the mission of bringing stability to Darfur, including protecting civilians, facilitating humanitarian assistance, and promoting mediation efforts, while peace talks on a final settlement continued; UNAMID withdrew the last of its personnel in December 2021; note - the October 2020 peace agreement provided for the establishment of a joint security force comprised of 12,000 personnel tasked with securing the Darfur region in the place of UNAMID; in June 2021, Sudan's transitional government announced it would increase the size of this force to 20,000 and expand its mission scope to include the capital and other parts of the country suffering from violence; the force would include the SAF, RSF, police, intelligence, and representatives from armed groups involved in peace negotiations (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "<p>the Sudanese military has been a dominant force in the ruling of the country since its independence in 1956; in addition, the Sudanese military and security forces have a large role in the country's economy, reportedly controlling over 200 commercial companies, including businesses involved in gold mining, rubber production, agriculture, and meat exports</p> the United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) has operated in the disputed Abyei region along the border between Sudan and South Sudan since 2011; UNISFA's mission includes ensuring security, protecting civilians, strengthening the capacity of the Abyei Police Service, de-mining, monitoring/verifying the redeployment of armed forces from the area, and facilitating the flow of humanitarian aid; UNISFA had about 2,000 personnel deployed as of mid-2022<br><br>in addition, the United Nations African Union Hybrid Operation in Darfur (UNAMID) operated in the war-torn Darfur region between 2007 and the end of its mandate in July 2021; UNAMID was a joint African Union-UN peacekeeping force with the mission of bringing stability to Darfur, including protecting civilians, facilitating humanitarian assistance, and promoting mediation efforts, while peace talks on a final settlement continued; UNAMID withdrew the last of its personnel in December 2021; note - the October 2020 peace agreement provided for the establishment of a joint security force comprised of 12,000 personnel tasked with securing the Darfur region in the place of UNAMID; in June 2021, Sudan's transitional government announced it would increase the size of this force to 20,000 and expand its mission scope to include the capital and other parts of the country suffering from violence; the force would include the SAF, RSF, police, intelligence, and representatives from armed groups involved in peace negotiations (2022)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Terrorism": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1267,7 +1267,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "807,532 (South Sudan) (refugees and asylum seekers), 130,379 (Eritrea) (refugees and asylum seekers), 93,480 (Syria) (refugees and asylum seekers), 72,555 (Ethiopia) (refugees and asylum seekers), 28,035 (Central African Republic) (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "807,532 (South Sudan) (refugees and asylum seekers), 130,379 (Eritrea) (refugees and asylum seekers), 93,480 (Syria) (refugees and asylum seekers), 72,555 (Ethiopia) (refugees and asylum seekers), 24,285 (Central African Republic) (2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"IDPs": {
|
||||
"text": "3,036,593 (civil war 1983-2005; ongoing conflict in Darfur region; government and rebel fighting along South Sudan border; inter-tribal clashes) (2022)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1308,7 +1308,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "126,971 (Burundi), 80,826 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "126,971 (Burundi), 80,743 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (2022)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Trafficking in persons": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1263,7 +1263,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "5,982 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (refugees and asylum seekers) (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "6,046 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (refugees and asylum seekers) (2022)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -593,7 +593,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Political parties and leaders": {
|
||||
"text": "political parties exist, but conditions for their operations, particularly in elections, are undefined, legally unclear, or culturally restricted; the following are considered political associations:<br>African United Democratic Party or AUDP [Sibusiso DLAMINI]<br>Ngwane National Liberatory Congress or NNLC [Sibongile MAZIBUKO]<br>People's United Democratic Movement or PUDEMO [Mlungisi MAKHANYA]<br>Swazi Democratic Party or SWADEPA [Vacant]"
|
||||
"text": "political parties exist but conditions for their operations, particularly in elections, are undefined, legally unclear, or culturally restricted; the following are considered political associations:<br>African United Democratic Party or AUDP [Sibusiso DLAMINI]<br>Ngwane National Liberatory Congress or NNLC [Sibongile MAZIBUKO]<br>People's United Democratic Movement or PUDEMO [Mlungisi MAKHANYA]<br>Swazi Democratic Party or SWADEPA [vacant]"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"International organization participation": {
|
||||
"text": "ACP, AfDB, AU, C, COMESA, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, OPCW, PCA, SACU, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1254,7 +1254,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "11,458 (Democratic Republic of Congo) (refugees and asylum seekers), 8,266 (Mozambique) (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "11,523 (Democratic Republic of Congo) (refugees and asylum seekers), 8,266 (Mozambique) (2022)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Trafficking in persons": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -576,7 +576,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Political parties and leaders": {
|
||||
"text": "FijiFirst [Veroqe \"Frank\" BAINIMARAMA]<br>Fiji Labor Party or FLP [Mahendra CHAUDHRY]<br>Fiji United Freedon Party or FUFP [Jagath KARUNARATNE]<br>National Federation Party or NFP [Biman PRASAD] (primarily Indian)<br>Peoples Democratic Party or PDP [Lynda TABUYA]<br>Social Democratic Liberal Party or SODELPA<br>Unity Fiji [Adi QORO]"
|
||||
"text": "FijiFirst [Veroqe \"Frank\" BAINIMARAMA]<br>Fiji Labor Party or FLP [Mahendra CHAUDHRY]<br>Freedom Alliance [Jagath KARUNARATNE] (formerly Fiji United Freedom Party or FUFP)<br>National Federation Party or NFP [Biman PRASAD] (primarily Indian)<br>Peoples Democratic Party or PDP [Lynda TABUYA]<br>Social Democratic Liberal Party or SODELPA [Viliame Rogoibulu GAVOKA]<br>Unity Fiji [Savenaca NARUBE]"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"International organization participation": {
|
||||
"text": "ACP, ADB, AOSIS, C, CP, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, OPCW, PCA, PIF, Sparteca (suspended), SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNDOF, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNMISS, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -110,14 +110,14 @@
|
|||
"text": "I-Kiribati (singular and plural)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"adjective": {
|
||||
"text": "I-Kiribati"
|
||||
"text": "Kiribati"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ethnic groups": {
|
||||
"text": "I-Kiribati 95.78%, I-Kiribati/mixed 3.8%, Tuvaluan 0.2%, other 1.7% (2020 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Languages": {
|
||||
"text": "I-Kiribati, English (official)"
|
||||
"text": "Gilbertese, English (official)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Religions": {
|
||||
"text": "Roman Catholic 58.9%, Kiribati Uniting Church 21.2%, Kiribati Protestant Church 8.4%, Church of Jesus Christ 5.6%, Seventh Day Adventist 2.1%, Baha'i 2.1%, other 1.7% (2020 est.)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -608,7 +608,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Political parties and leaders": {
|
||||
"text": "<p>Accessibility Without Exclusion or PASE [Oscar Andres LOPEZ Arias]<br>Broad Front (Frente Amplio) or PFA [Ana Patricia MORA Castellanos]<br>Christian Democratic Alliance or ADC [Mario REDONDO Poveda]<br>Citizen Action Party or PAC [Marta Eugenia SOLANO Arias]<br>Costa Rican Renewal Party or PRC [Justo OROZCO Alvarez]<br>Libertarian Movement Party or ML [Victor Danilo CUBERO Corrales]<br>Liberal Progressive Party or PLP [Eliecer FEINZAIG Mintz]<br>National Integration Party or PIN [Walter MUNOZ Cespedes]<br>National Liberation Party or PLN [Kattia RIVERA Soto]<br>National Restoration Party or PRN [Carlos Luis AVENDANO Calvo]<br>New Generation or PNG [Rodolfo SOLIS Herrera]<br>New Republic Party or PNR [Francisco Javier PRENDAS Rodriguez]<br>Patriotic Alliance [Jorge ARAYA Westover]<br>Social Christian Republican Party or PRS [Otto ROBERTO Vargas]<br>Social Christian Unity Party or PUSC [Randall QUIROS Bustamante]<br>Social Democratic Progress Party or PPSD [Luz Mary ALPIZAR Loaiza]<br><br></p>"
|
||||
"text": "<p>Accessibility Without Exclusion or PASE [Oscar Andres LOPEZ Arias]<br>Broad Front (Frente Amplio) or PFA [Ana Patricia MORA Castellanos]<br>Christian Democratic Alliance or ADC [Mario REDONDO Poveda]<br>Citizen Action Party or PAC [Marta Eugenia SOLANO Arias]<br>Costa Rican Renewal Party or PRC [Justo OROZCO Alvarez]<br>Libertarian Movement Party or ML [Victor Danilo CUBERO Corrales]<br>Liberal Progressive Party or PLP [Eliecer FEINZAIG Mintz]<br>National Integration Party or PIN [Walter MUNOZ Cespedes]<br>National Liberation Party or PLN [Kattia RIVERA Soto]<br>National Restoration Party or PRN [Carlos Luis AVENDANO Calvo]<br>New Generation or PNG [Rodolfo SOLIS Herrera]<br>New Republic Party or PNR [Francisco Javier PRENDAS Rodriguez]<br>Patriotic Alliance [Jorge ARAYA Westover]<br>Social Christian Republican Party or PRS [Otto ROBERTO Vargas]<br>Social Christian Unity Party or PUSC of UNIDAD [Randall QUIROS Bustamante]<br>Social Democratic Progress Party or PPSD [Luz Mary ALPIZAR Loaiza]<br><br></p>"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"International organization participation": {
|
||||
"text": "BCIE, CACM, CD, CELAC, FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAES, LAIA (observer), MIGA, NAM (observer), OAS, OIF (observer), OPANAL, OPCW, Pacific Alliance (observer), PCA, SICA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -483,7 +483,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Political parties and leaders": {
|
||||
"text": "Dominica Freedom Party or DFP [Kent VITAL]<br>Dominica Labor Party or DLP [Roosevelt SKERRIT]<br>Dominica United Workers Party or UWP [Lennox LINTON]"
|
||||
"text": "Dominica Freedom Party or DFP [Bernard HURTAULT]<br>Dominica Labor Party or DLP [Roosevelt SKERRIT]<br>Dominica United Workers Party or UWP [Lennox LINTON]"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"International organization participation": {
|
||||
"text": "ACP, AOSIS, C, Caricom, CD, CDB, CELAC, Commonwealth of Nations, ECCU, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, OAS, OECS, OIF, OPANAL, OPCW, Petrocaribe, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -618,7 +618,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Political parties and leaders": {
|
||||
"text": "Alliance for Democracy or APD<br>Broad Front (Frente Amplio) [Fidel SANTANA]<br>Country Alliance or AP [Guillermo Antonio MORENO Garcia]<br>Dominican Liberation Party or PLD [Danilo MEDINA Sánchez]<br>Dominican Revolutionary Party or PRD [Miguel VARGAS Maldonado]<br>Dominicans For Change or DXC [Manuel OVIEDO Estrada]<br>Institutional Social Democratic Bloc or BIS<br>Liberal Reformist Party or PRL (formerly the Liberal Party of the Dominican Republic or PLRD)<br>Modern Revolutionary Party or PRM [Jose Ignacio PALIZA]<br>National Progressive Front or FNP [Vinicio CASTILLO, Pelegrin CASTILLO]<br>People's Force or FP [Leonel FERNANDEZ Reyna]<br>Social Christian Reformist Party or PRSC [Federico ANTUN]"
|
||||
"text": "Alliance for Democracy or APD<br>Broad Front (Frente Amplio) [Fidel SANTANA]<br>Country Alliance or AP [Guillermo Antonio MORENO Garcia]<br>Dominican Liberation Party or PLD [Danilo MEDINA Sánchez]<br>Dominican Revolutionary Party or PRD [Miguel VARGAS Maldonado]<br>Dominicans For Change or DXC [Manuel OVIEDO Estrada]<br>Institutional Social Democratic Bloc or BIS<br>Liberal Reformist Party or PRL (formerly the Liberal Party of the Dominican Republic or PLRD)<br>Modern Revolutionary Party or PRM [Luis ABINADER]<br>National Progressive Front or FNP [Vinicio CASTILLO, Pelegrin CASTILLO]<br>People's Force or FP [Leonel FERNANDEZ Reyna]<br>Social Christian Reformist Party or PRSC [Federico Augusto \"Quique\" ANTUN Batile]"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"International organization participation": {
|
||||
"text": "ACP, AOSIS, BCIE, Caricom (observer), CD, CELAC, FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAES, LAIA, MIGA, MINUSMA, NAM, OAS, OIF (observer), OPANAL, OPCW, Pacific Alliance (observer), PCA, Petrocaribe, SICA (associated member), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
|
||||
|
|
@ -1256,7 +1256,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "the military is lightly armed with an inventory consisting mostly of older US equipment with limited quantities of material from other countries (2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military service age and obligation": {
|
||||
"text": "17-21 years of age for voluntary military service (men and women); recruits must have completed primary school and be Dominican Republic citizens; women may volunteer (2022)",
|
||||
"text": "17-21 years of age for voluntary military service (men and women); recruits must have completed primary school and be Dominican Republic citizens (2022)",
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> as of 2021, women made up approximately 20% of the active duty military"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military - note": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1210,7 +1210,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "1.2% of GDP (2021 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
|
||||
"text": "1.2% of GDP (2020 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "1.2% of GDP (2020)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
|
||||
"text": "1.2% of GDP (2019) (approximately $570 million)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1162,7 +1162,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "not available"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military - note": {
|
||||
"text": "<p>according to the Haitian Government, the mission of the reconstituted armed forces will focus on patrolling the border with the Dominican Republic, combating smuggling, and executing recovery efforts after natural disasters<br><br>the UN Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH) operated in Haiti from 2004 until 2017; its mission was to help restore stability after President Bertrand ARISTIDE fled the country, including assisting with the political process, strengthening government institutions, and promoting and protecting human rights; following the completion of MINUSTAH’s mandate in 2017, a smaller peacekeeping mission, the UN Mission for Justice Support in Haiti (MINUJUSTH), operated until 2019; its mission was to assist with the further development and strengthening of the national police, as well as Haiti’s justice and prison systems, and to promote and protect human rights; in 2019, the UN established the UN Integrated Office in Haiti (BINUH) with the political mission of advising the Haiti Government in elections, governance, and security; BINUH's current mandate last until July 2023 </p>"
|
||||
"text": "according to the Haitian Government, the mission of the reconstituted armed forces will focus on patrolling the border with the Dominican Republic, combating smuggling, and executing recovery efforts after natural disasters<br><br>the UN Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH) operated in Haiti from 2004 until 2017; its mission was to help restore stability after President Bertrand ARISTIDE fled the country, including assisting with the political process, strengthening government institutions, and promoting and protecting human rights; following the completion of MINUSTAH’s mandate in 2017, a smaller peacekeeping mission, the UN Mission for Justice Support in Haiti (MINUJUSTH), operated until 2019; its mission was to assist with the further development and strengthening of the national police, as well as Haiti’s justice and prison systems, and to promote and protect human rights; in 2019, the UN established the UN Integrated Office in Haiti (BINUH) with the political mission of advising the Haiti Government in elections, governance, and security; BINUH's current mandate last until July 2023 (2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Maritime threats": {
|
||||
"text": "the International Maritime Bureau reports the territorial waters of Haiti are a risk for armed robbery against ships; in 2021, four attacks against commercial vessels were reported, a slight decrease from the five attacks reported in 2020; most of these occurred in the main port of Port-au-Prince while ships were berthed or at anchor"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1183,6 +1183,12 @@
|
|||
"text": "Kyrgyz Armed Forces: Land Forces, Air Defense Forces, National Guard; Internal Troops; State Committee for National Security (GKNB): Border Service (2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military expenditures": {
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2021": {
|
||||
"text": "1.7% of GDP (2021 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
|
||||
"text": "1.8% of GDP (2020 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
|
||||
"text": "2.3% of GDP (2019 est.) (approximately $410 million)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -1191,12 +1197,6 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2017": {
|
||||
"text": "2.3% of GDP (2017 est.) (approximately $390 million)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2016": {
|
||||
"text": "2.6% of GDP (2016 est.) (approximately $380 million)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2015": {
|
||||
"text": "2.6% of GDP (2015 est.) (approximately $360 million)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -348,7 +348,7 @@
|
|||
"vectorborne diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, tickborne encephalitis"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout the Russia; as of 6 June 2022, Russia has reported a total of 18,355,200 cases of COVID-19 or 12,577.7 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 379,584 cumulative deaths or a rate of 260.1 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 4 June 2022, 55.58% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout the Russia; as of 18 August 2022, Russia has reported a total of 19,000,055 cases of COVID-19 or 13,019.58 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 383,362 cumulative deaths or a rate of 262.69 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 14 August 2022, 57.13% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
|
||||
"text": "23.1% (2016)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -481,7 +481,7 @@
|
|||
"vectorborne diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, tickborne encephalitis"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout the Russia; as of 6 June 2022, Russia has reported a total of 18,355,200 cases of COVID-19 or 12,577.7 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 379,584 cumulative deaths or a rate of 260.1 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 4 June 2022, 55.58% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout the Russia; as of 18 August 2022, Russia has reported a total of 19,000,055 cases of COVID-19 or 13,019.58 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 383,362 cumulative deaths or a rate of 262.69 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 14 August 2022, 57.13% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Waste and recycling": {
|
||||
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1342,7 +1342,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "1,968,127 (Ukraine) (as of 2 August 2022)"
|
||||
"text": "2,197,679 (Ukraine) (as of 16 August 2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "56,960 (mid-year 2021); note - Russia's stateless population consists of Roma, Meskhetian Turks, and ex-Soviet citizens from the former republics; between 2003 and 2010 more than 600,000 stateless people were naturalized; most Meskhetian Turks, followers of Islam with origins in Georgia, fled or were evacuated from Uzbekistan after a 1989 pogrom and have lived in Russia for more than the required five-year residency period; they continue to be denied registration for citizenship and basic rights by local Krasnodar Krai authorities on the grounds that they are temporary illegal migrants"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1166,6 +1166,12 @@
|
|||
"text": "Armed Forces of the Republic of Tajikistan: Land Forces, Mobile Forces, Air and Air Defense Forces; National Guard; Ministry of Internal Affairs: Internal Troops (reserves for Armed Forces in wartime); State Committee on National Security: Border Guard Forces (2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military expenditures": {
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2021": {
|
||||
"text": "1.2% of GDP (2021 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
|
||||
"text": "1% of GDP (2020 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
|
||||
"text": "2.1% of GDP (2019 est.) (approximately $360 million)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -1174,12 +1180,6 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2017": {
|
||||
"text": "2.2% of GDP (2017 est.) (approximately $330 million)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2016": {
|
||||
"text": "2.2% of GDP (2016 est.) (approximately $320 million)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2015": {
|
||||
"text": "2.2% of GDP (2015 est.) (approximately $310 million)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -619,7 +619,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "<em>2018</em>: WIN MYINT elected president in an indirect by-election held on 28 March 2018 after the resignation of HTIN KYAW; Assembly of the Union vote - WIN MYINT (NLD) 403, MYINT SWE (USDP) 211, HENRY VAN THIO (NLD) 18, 4 votes canceled (636 votes cast); note - WIN MYINT and other key leaders of the ruling NLD party were placed under arrest following the military takeover on 1 February 2021<br><br><em>2016</em>: Assembly of the Union vote - HTIN KYAW elected president; HTIN KYAW (NLD) 360, MYINT SWE (USDP) 213, HENRY VAN THIO (NLD) 79 (652 votes cast)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"state counsellor": {
|
||||
"text": "State Counselor AUNG SAN SUU KYI (since 6 April 2016); note - under arrest since 1 February 2021; formerly served as minister of foreign affairs and minister for the office of the president"
|
||||
"text": "State Counselor AUNG SAN SUU KYI (since 6 April 2016); note - under arrest since 1 February 2021 (has been sentenced to 17 years in prison); formerly served as minister of foreign affairs and minister for the office of the president"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> a parliamentary bill creating the position of \"state counsellor\" was signed into law by former President HTIN KYAW on 6 April 2016; a state counsellor serves the equivalent term of the president and is similar to a prime minister in that the holder acts as a link between the parliament and the executive branch"
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -1252,6 +1252,12 @@
|
|||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> under the 2008 constitution, the Tatmadaw controls appointments of senior officials to lead the Ministry of Defense, the Ministry of Border Affairs, and the Ministry of Home Affairs; in March 2022, a new law gave the commander-in-chief of the Tatmadaw the authority to appoint or remove the head of the police force"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military expenditures": {
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2021": {
|
||||
"text": "3.4% of GDP (2021 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
|
||||
"text": "3% of GDP (2020 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
|
||||
"text": "4.1% of GDP (2019 est.) (approximately $7.7 billion)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -1260,12 +1266,6 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2017": {
|
||||
"text": "4.7% of GDP (2017 est.) (approximately $7.8 billion)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2016": {
|
||||
"text": "4.9% of GDP (2016 est.) (approximately $7.8 billion)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2015": {
|
||||
"text": "5.1% of GDP (2015 est.) (approximately $7.9 billion)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -349,7 +349,7 @@
|
|||
"soil contact diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "hantaviral hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> a new coronavirus is causing an outbreak of respiratory illness (COVID-19) in China; illness with this virus has ranged from mild to severe with fatalities reported; the US Department of State has issued a do not travel advisory for China due to COVID-19; the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has also recommended against travel to China and published additional guidance at https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/notices/warning/novel-coronavirus-china; the US Department of Homeland Security has issued instructions requiring US passengers who have been in China to travel through select airports where the US Government has implemented enhanced screening procedures; as of 6 June 2022, China has reported a total of 3,392,315 cases of COVID-19 or 230.57 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 17,551 cumulative deaths or a rate 1.19 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 1 June 2022, 89.36% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> a new coronavirus is causing an outbreak of respiratory illness (COVID-19) in China; illness with this virus has ranged from mild to severe with fatalities reported; the US Department of State has issued a do not travel advisory for China due to COVID-19; the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has also recommended against travel to China and published additional guidance at https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/notices/warning/novel-coronavirus-china; the US Department of Homeland Security has issued instructions requiring US passengers who have been in China to travel through select airports where the US Government has implemented enhanced screening procedures; as of 18 August 2022, China has reported a total of 6,041,468 cases of COVID-19 or 410.62 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 24,322 cumulative deaths or a rate 1.65 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 9 August 2022, 91.27% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
|
||||
"text": "6.2% (2016)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -478,7 +478,7 @@
|
|||
"soil contact diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "hantaviral hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> a new coronavirus is causing an outbreak of respiratory illness (COVID-19) in China; illness with this virus has ranged from mild to severe with fatalities reported; the US Department of State has issued a do not travel advisory for China due to COVID-19; the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has also recommended against travel to China and published additional guidance at https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/notices/warning/novel-coronavirus-china; the US Department of Homeland Security has issued instructions requiring US passengers who have been in China to travel through select airports where the US Government has implemented enhanced screening procedures; as of 6 June 2022, China has reported a total of 3,392,315 cases of COVID-19 or 230.57 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 17,551 cumulative deaths or a rate 1.19 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 1 June 2022, 89.36% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> a new coronavirus is causing an outbreak of respiratory illness (COVID-19) in China; illness with this virus has ranged from mild to severe with fatalities reported; the US Department of State has issued a do not travel advisory for China due to COVID-19; the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has also recommended against travel to China and published additional guidance at https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/notices/warning/novel-coronavirus-china; the US Department of Homeland Security has issued instructions requiring US passengers who have been in China to travel through select airports where the US Government has implemented enhanced screening procedures; as of 18 August 2022, China has reported a total of 6,041,468 cases of COVID-19 or 410.62 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 24,322 cumulative deaths or a rate 1.65 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 9 August 2022, 91.27% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Waste and recycling": {
|
||||
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1301,7 +1301,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "425 Mali (MINUSMA); 225 Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO); 420 Lebanon (UNIFIL); 1,050 South Sudan (UNMISS); up to 2,000 Djibouti (May 2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military - note": {
|
||||
"text": "<p>established in 1927, the PLA is the military arm of the ruling Chinese Communist Party (CCP), which oversees the PLA through its Central Military Commission; the Central Military Commission is China’s top military decision making body</p> <p>the PRC's <strong>internal security forces </strong>consist primarily of the <strong>Ministry of Public Security (MPS)</strong>, the <strong>Ministry of State Security (MSS)</strong>, the <strong>People’s Armed Police (PAP)</strong>, and the <strong>militia</strong>; the PLA support the internal security forces as necessary:</p> <p>the <strong>MPS</strong> controls the civilian national police, which serves as the first-line force for public order; its primary mission is domestic law enforcement and maintaining order, including anti-rioting and anti-terrorism</p> <p>the <strong>MSS</strong> is the PRC’s main civilian intelligence and counterintelligence service</p> <p>the <strong>PAP</strong> is a paramilitary component (or adjunct) of the PLA; its primary missions include internal security, maintaining public order, maritime security, and assisting the PLA in times of war; it is under the command of the Central Military Commission (CMC); the <strong>China Coast Guard (CCG)</strong> administratively falls under the PAP; the CCG has a variety of missions, such as maritime sovereignty enforcement, surveillance, resource protection, anti-smuggling, and general law enforcement</p> <p>the <strong>militia</strong> is an armed reserve of civilians which serves as an auxiliary and reserve force for the PLA upon mobilization; it is distinct from the PLA’s reserve forces; militia units are organized around towns, villages, urban sub-districts, and enterprises, and vary widely in composition and mission; they have dual civilian-military command structures; a key component of the militia are the local maritime forces, commonly referred to as the <strong>People’s Armed Forces Maritime Militia (PAFMM)</strong>; the PAFMM consists of mariners (and their vessels) who receive training, equipment, and other forms of support from the Navy and CCG (although the PAFMM remains separate from both) to perform tasks such as maritime patrolling, surveillance and reconnaissance, emergency/disaster response, transportation, search and rescue, and auxiliary tasks in support of naval operations in wartime; the PAFMM’s tasks are often conducted in conjunction or coordination with the Navy and the CCG; it has been used to assert Beijing's maritime claims in the East and South China seas</p> (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "<p>established in 1927, the PLA is the military arm of the ruling Chinese Communist Party (CCP), which oversees the PLA through its Central Military Commission; the Central Military Commission is China’s top military decision making body</p> <p>the PRC's <strong>internal security forces </strong>consist primarily of the <strong>Ministry of Public Security (MPS)</strong>, the <strong>Ministry of State Security (MSS)</strong>, the <strong>People’s Armed Police (PAP)</strong>, and the <strong>militia</strong>; the PLA support the internal security forces as necessary:</p> <p>the <strong>MPS</strong> controls the civilian national police, which serves as the first-line force for public order; its primary mission is domestic law enforcement and maintaining order, including anti-rioting and anti-terrorism</p> <p>the <strong>MSS</strong> is the PRC’s main civilian intelligence and counterintelligence service</p> <p>the <strong>PAP</strong> is a paramilitary component (or adjunct) of the PLA; its primary missions include internal security, maintaining public order, maritime security, and assisting the PLA in times of war; it is under the command of the Central Military Commission (CMC); the <strong>China Coast Guard (CCG)</strong> administratively falls under the PAP; the CCG has a variety of missions, such as maritime sovereignty enforcement, surveillance, resource protection, anti-smuggling, and general law enforcement</p> <p>the <strong>militia</strong> is an armed reserve of civilians which serves as an auxiliary and reserve force for the PLA upon mobilization; it is distinct from the PLA’s reserve forces; militia units are organized around towns, villages, urban sub-districts, and enterprises, and vary widely in composition and mission; they have dual civilian-military command structures; a key component of the militia are the local maritime forces, commonly referred to as the <strong>People’s Armed Forces Maritime Militia (PAFMM)</strong>; the PAFMM consists of mariners (and their vessels) who receive training, equipment, and other forms of support from the Navy and CCG (although the PAFMM remains separate from both) to perform tasks such as maritime patrolling, surveillance and reconnaissance, emergency/disaster response, transportation, search and rescue, and auxiliary tasks in support of naval operations in wartime; the PAFMM’s tasks are often conducted in conjunction or coordination with the Navy and the CCG; it has been used to assert Beijing's maritime claims in the Sea of Japan and South China Sea</p> (2022)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Transnational Issues": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -335,7 +335,7 @@
|
|||
"vectorborne diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "dengue fever and malaria"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> a new coronavirus is causing sustained community spread of respiratory illness (COVID-19) in Indonesia; as of 6 June 2022, Indonesia has reported a total of 6,057,142 cases of COVID-19 or 2,214.5 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 156,622 cumulative deaths or a rate 57.26 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 3 June 2022, 72.5% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> a new coronavirus is causing sustained community spread of respiratory illness (COVID-19) in Indonesia; as of 18 August 2022, Indonesia has reported a total of 6,301,523 cases of COVID-19 or 2,303.83 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 157,317 cumulative deaths or a rate 57.51 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 9 August 2022, 74.09% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
|
||||
"text": "6.9% (2016)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -479,7 +479,7 @@
|
|||
"vectorborne diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "dengue fever and malaria"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> a new coronavirus is causing sustained community spread of respiratory illness (COVID-19) in Indonesia; as of 6 June 2022, Indonesia has reported a total of 6,057,142 cases of COVID-19 or 2,214.5 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 156,622 cumulative deaths or a rate 57.26 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 3 June 2022, 72.5% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> a new coronavirus is causing sustained community spread of respiratory illness (COVID-19) in Indonesia; as of 18 August 2022, Indonesia has reported a total of 6,301,523 cases of COVID-19 or 2,303.83 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 157,317 cumulative deaths or a rate 57.51 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 9 August 2022, 74.09% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Waste and recycling": {
|
||||
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -327,7 +327,7 @@
|
|||
"respiratory diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "Covid-19 (see note) (2020)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> clusters of cases of respiratory illness caused by a new coronavirus (COVID-19) in Japan; illness with this virus has ranged from mild to severe with fatalities reported; as of 6 June 2022, Japan has reported a total of 8,945,784 cases of COVID-19 or 7,073 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 30,752 cumulative deaths or a rate of 24.3 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 6 June 2022, 82.2% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> clusters of cases of respiratory illness caused by a new coronavirus (COVID-19) in Japan; illness with this virus has ranged from mild to severe with fatalities reported; as of 18 August 2022, Japan has reported a total of 16,161,801 cases of COVID-19 or 12,778.50 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 35,955 cumulative deaths or a rate of 28.42 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 17 August 2022, 83.48% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
|
||||
"text": "4.3% (2016)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -451,7 +451,7 @@
|
|||
"respiratory diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "Covid-19 (see note) (2020)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> clusters of cases of respiratory illness caused by a new coronavirus (COVID-19) in Japan; illness with this virus has ranged from mild to severe with fatalities reported; as of 6 June 2022, Japan has reported a total of 8,945,784 cases of COVID-19 or 7,073 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 30,752 cumulative deaths or a rate of 24.3 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 6 June 2022, 82.2% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> clusters of cases of respiratory illness caused by a new coronavirus (COVID-19) in Japan; illness with this virus has ranged from mild to severe with fatalities reported; as of 18 August 2022, Japan has reported a total of 16,161,801 cases of COVID-19 or 12,778.50 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 35,955 cumulative deaths or a rate of 28.42 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 17 August 2022, 83.48% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Waste and recycling": {
|
||||
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -324,7 +324,7 @@
|
|||
"respiratory diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "Covid-19 (see note) (2020)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> a novel coronavirus is causing an outbreak of respiratory illness (COVID-19) in South Korea; as of 30 March 2022, South Korea has reported a total of 18,168,708 cases of COVID-19 or 35,437.8 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 24,279 cumulative deaths or a rate of 47.4 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 6 June 2022, 87.8% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> a novel coronavirus is causing an outbreak of respiratory illness (COVID-19) in South Korea; as of 18 August 2022, South Korea has reported a total of 21,861,296 cases of COVID-19 or 42,640.22 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 25,813 cumulative deaths or a rate of 50.34 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 17 August 2022, 87.01% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
|
||||
"text": "4.7% (2016)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -448,7 +448,7 @@
|
|||
"respiratory diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "Covid-19 (see note) (2020)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> a novel coronavirus is causing an outbreak of respiratory illness (COVID-19) in South Korea; as of 30 March 2022, South Korea has reported a total of 18,168,708 cases of COVID-19 or 35,437.8 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 24,279 cumulative deaths or a rate of 47.4 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 6 June 2022, 87.8% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> a novel coronavirus is causing an outbreak of respiratory illness (COVID-19) in South Korea; as of 18 August 2022, South Korea has reported a total of 21,861,296 cases of COVID-19 or 42,640.22 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 25,813 cumulative deaths or a rate of 50.34 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 17 August 2022, 87.01% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Waste and recycling": {
|
||||
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1258,7 +1258,7 @@
|
|||
"Military and Security": {
|
||||
"Military and security forces": {
|
||||
"text": "Royal Thai Armed Forces (Kongthap Thai, RTARF): Royal Thai Army (Kongthap Bok Thai, RTA), Royal Thai Navy (Kongthap Ruea Thai, RTN; includes Royal Thai Marine Corps), Royal Thai Air Force (Kongthap Akaat Thai, RTAF); Office of the Prime Minister: Royal Thai Police; Internal Security Operations Command (ISOC) (2022)",
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> the ISOC oversees counter-insurgency operations, as well as countering terrorism, narcotics and weapons trafficking, and other internal security duties; it is primarily run by the Army<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> official paramilitary forces in Thailand include the Thai Rangers (<em>Thahan Phran</em> or \"Hunter Soldiers\") under the Army; the Paramilitary Marines under the Navy; the Border Patrol Police (BPP) under the Royal Thai Police; the Volunteer Defense Corps (VDC or <em>O So</em>) and National Defense Volunteers (NDV), both under the Ministry of Interior; there are also several government-backed volunteer militias created to provide village security against insurgents in the deep south or to assist the ISOC"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> the ISOC oversees counter-insurgency operations, as well as countering terrorism, narcotics and weapons trafficking, and other internal security duties; it is primarily run by the Army<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> official paramilitary forces in Thailand include the Thai Rangers (Thahan Phran or \"Hunter Soldiers\") under the Army; the Paramilitary Marines under the Navy; the Border Patrol Police (BPP) under the Royal Thai Police; the Volunteer Defense Corps (VDC or <em>O So</em>) and National Defense Volunteers (NDV), both under the Ministry of Interior; there are also several government-backed volunteer militias created to provide village security against insurgents in the deep south or to assist the ISOC"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military expenditures": {
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2021": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1291,7 +1291,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "280 South Sudan (UNMISS) (May 2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military - note": {
|
||||
"text": "including the most recent in 2014, the military has attempted more than 20 coups since the fall of absolute monarchy in 1932<br><br>since 2004, the military has fought against separatist insurgents in the southern provinces of Pattani, Yala, and Narathiwat, as well as parts of Songkhla; the insurgency is rooted in ethnic Malay nationalist resistance to Thai rule that followed the extension of Siamese sovereignty over the Patani Sultanate in the 18th century; the insurgency consists of several armed groups, the largest of which is the Barisan Revolusi Nasional-Koordinasi (BRN-C): since 2020, the Thai military has been negotiating with BRN, and has parallel talks with an umbrella organization, MARA Pattani, that claims to represent the insurgency groups; since 2004, the fighting has claimed more than 7,000 lives (as of early 2022); as of 2021, at least 70,000 military, paramilitary, and government-backed militia forces were estimated to be deployed in the south to combat the insurgency<br><br>Thailand has Major Non-NATO Ally (MNNA) status with the US; MNNA is a designation under US law that provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense trade and security cooperation; while MNNA status provides military and economic privileges, it does not entail any security commitments (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "including the most recent in 2014, the military has attempted more than 20 coups since the fall of absolute monarchy in 1932<br><br>since 2004, the military has fought against separatist insurgents in the southern provinces of Pattani, Yala, and Narathiwat, as well as parts of Songkhla; the insurgency is rooted in ethnic Malay nationalist resistance to Thai rule that followed the extension of Siamese sovereignty over the Patani Sultanate in the 18th century; the insurgency consists of several armed groups, the largest of which is the Barisan Revolusi Nasional-Koordinasi (BRN-C): since 2020, the Thai military has been negotiating with BRN, and has parallel talks with an umbrella organization, MARA Pattani, that claims to represent the insurgency groups; since 2004, violence associated with the insurgency has claimed more than 7,300 lives (as of 2022); as of 2021, at least 70,000 military, paramilitary, and government-backed militia forces were estimated to be deployed in the south to combat the insurgency<br><br>Thailand has Major Non-NATO Ally (MNNA) status with the US; MNNA is a designation under US law that provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense trade and security cooperation; while MNNA status provides military and economic privileges, it does not entail any security commitments (2022)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Transnational Issues": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -486,16 +486,16 @@
|
|||
"text": "Co-prince Emmanuel MACRON (since 14 May 2017); represented by Patrick STROZDA (since 14 May 2017); and Co-prince Archbishop Joan-Enric VIVES i Sicilia (since 12 May 2003); represented by Josep Maria MAURI (since 20 July 2012)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"head of government": {
|
||||
"text": "Head of Government (or Cap de Govern) Xaviar Espot ZAMORA (since 16 May 2019)"
|
||||
"text": "Xaviar Espot ZAMORA (since 16 May 2019)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"cabinet": {
|
||||
"text": "Executive Council of 12 ministers designated by the head of government"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"elections/appointments": {
|
||||
"text": "head of government indirectly elected by the General Council (Andorran parliament), formally appointed by the coprinces for a 4-year term; election last held on 7 April 2019 (next to be held in April 2023); the leader of the majority party in the General Council is usually elected head of government"
|
||||
"text": "head of government indirectly elected by the General Council (Andorran parliament), formally appointed by the co-princes for a 4-year term; election last held on 7 April 2019 (next to be held in April 2023); the leader of the majority party in the General Council is usually elected head of government"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "Xaviar Espot ZAMORA (DA) elected head of government; percent of General Council vote - 60.7%"
|
||||
"text": "<em>2019:</em> Xaviar Espot ZAMORA (DA) elected head of government; percent of General Council vote - 60.7%<br><br><em>2015:</em> Antoni MARTI elected head of government; percent of General Council vote - 58.3%"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Legislative branch": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -559,16 +559,16 @@
|
|||
"text": "President Alexander VAN DER BELLEN (since 26 January 2017)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"head of government": {
|
||||
"text": "Chancellor Karl NEHAMMER (since 6 December 2021); note - Chancellor Alexander SCHALLENBERG (since 9 October 2021) resigned on 12/2/21"
|
||||
"text": "Chancellor Karl NEHAMMER (since 6 December 2021); note - Chancellor Alexander SCHALLENBERG (since 9 October 2021) resigned on 2 December 2021"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"cabinet": {
|
||||
"text": "Council of Ministers chosen by the president on the advice of the chancellor"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"elections/appointments": {
|
||||
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term); elections last held on 24 April 2016 (first round), 22 May 2016 (second round, which was annulled), and 4 December 2016 (second round re-vote) (next election to be held in April 2022); chancellor appointed by the president but determined by the majority coalition parties in the Federal Assembly; vice chancellor appointed by the president on the advice of the chancellor"
|
||||
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term); elections last held on 24 April 2016 (first round), 22 May 2016 (second round, which was annulled), and 4 December 2016 (second round re-vote) (next election to be held in October 2022); chancellor appointed by the president but determined by the majority coalition parties in the Federal Assembly; vice chancellor appointed by the president on the advice of the chancellor"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "Alexander VAN DER BELLEN elected in second round; percent of vote in first round - Norbert HOFER (FPOe) 35.1%, Alexander VAN DER BELLEN (independent, allied with the Greens) 21.3%, Irmgard GRISS (independent) 18.9%, Rudolf HUNDSTORFER (SPOe) 11.3%, Andreas KHOL (OeVP) 11.1%, Richard LUGNER (independent) 2.3%; percent of vote in second round - Alexander VAN DER BELLEN 53.8%, Norbert HOFER 46.2%"
|
||||
"text": "<em>2016:</em> Alexander VAN DER BELLEN elected in second round; percent of vote in first round - Norbert HOFER (FPOe) 35.1%, Alexander VAN DER BELLEN (independent, allied with the Greens) 21.3%, Irmgard GRISS (independent) 18.9%, Rudolf HUNDSTORFER (SPOe) 11.3%, Andreas KHOL (OeVP) 11.1%, Richard LUGNER (independent) 2.3%; percent of vote in second round re-vote - Alexander VAN DER BELLEN 53.8%, Norbert HOFER 46.2%<br><br><em>2010: </em> Heinz Fischer re-elected; percent of vote - Heinz Fischer 79.3%, Barbara Rosenkranz 15.2%, Rudolf Gehring 5.4%"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Legislative branch": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1257,7 +1257,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "57,887 (Syria), 41,037 (Afghanistan), 9,661 (Iraq), 8,212 (Somalia), 7,046 (Iran), 7,003 (Russia) (mid-year 2021); 77,301 (Ukraine) (as of 9 August 2022)"
|
||||
"text": "57,887 (Syria), 41,037 (Afghanistan), 9,661 (Iraq), 8,212 (Somalia), 7,046 (Iran), 7,003 (Russia) (mid-year 2021); 78,158 (Ukraine) (as of 16 August 2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "3,229 (mid-year 2021)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -552,7 +552,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "King PHILIPPE (since 21 July 2013); Heir Apparent Princess ELISABETH (daughter of the monarch, born 25 October 2001)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"head of government": {
|
||||
"text": "Prime Minister Alexander DE CROO (since 1 October 2020); Deputy Prime Ministers Vincent Van Quickenborne (since 1 October 2020), Sophie Wilmes (since 1 October 2020), Vincent Van Peteghem (since 1 October 2020), Frank Vandenbroucke (since 1 October 2020), Pierre-Yves Dermagne (since 1 October 2020), Petra De Sutter (since 1 October 2020), Georges Gilkinet (since 1 October 2020)"
|
||||
"text": "Prime Minister Alexander DE CROO (since 1 October 2020); Deputy Prime Ministers Vincent Van QUICKENBORNE (since 1 October 2020), Sophie WILMES (since 1 October 2020), Vincent VAN PETEGHEM (since 1 October 2020), Frank VANDENBROUCKE (since 1 October 2020), Pierre-Yves DERMAGNE (since 1 October 2020), Petra DE SUTTER (since 1 October 2020), Georges GILKINET (since 1 October 2020)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"cabinet": {
|
||||
"text": "Council of Ministers formally appointed by the monarch"
|
||||
|
|
@ -1247,7 +1247,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "18,493 (Syria), 5,094 (Iraq) (2020); 52,557 (Ukraine) (as of 9 August 2022)"
|
||||
"text": "18,493 (Syria), 5,094 (Iraq) (2020); 52,870 (Ukraine) (as of 16 August 2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "1,159 (mid-year 2021)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1234,7 +1234,7 @@
|
|||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "149 (mid-year 2021)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 95,674 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-July 2022)"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 97,209 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-August 2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Trafficking in persons": {
|
||||
"current situation": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1248,7 +1248,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "11,121 (Ukraine) (as of 9 August 2022)"
|
||||
"text": "16,689 (Ukraine) (as of 16 August 2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "6,104 (mid-year 2021)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1253,7 +1253,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "19,014 (Syria) (mid-year 2021); 86,489 (Ukraine) (as of 9 August 2022)"
|
||||
"text": "19,014 (Syria) (mid-year 2021); 86,722 (Ukraine) (as of 16 August 2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "1,143 (mid-year 2021)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1223,7 +1223,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "Cypriot National Guard (CNG): 18-50 years of age for compulsory military service for all Greek Cypriot males; 17 years of age for voluntary service; 14-month service obligation (2021)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military - note": {
|
||||
"text": "the United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP) was set up in 1964 to prevent further fighting between the Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot communities on the island and bring about a return to normal conditions; the UNFICYP mission had about 850 personnel as of February 2022"
|
||||
"text": "the United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP) was set up in 1964 to prevent further fighting between the Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot communities on the island and bring about a return to normal conditions; the UNFICYP mission had about 800 personnel as of mid-2022"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Terrorism": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -583,7 +583,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Political parties and leaders": {
|
||||
"text": "The Alternative AP (Franciska ROSENKILDE)<br>Conservative People's Party or DKF or C [Soren PAPE POULSEN]<br>Danish People's Party or DF or O [Kristian THULESEN DAHL]<br>Liberal Alliance or LA or I [Alex VANOPSLAGH]<br>Liberal Party (Venstre) or V [Jakob ELLEMANN-JENSEN]<br>New Right Party or NB or D [Pernille VERMUND]<br>Red-Green Alliance (Unity List) or EL [collective leadership, Mai VILLADSEN, spokesperson]<br>Social Democrats or SDP or A [Mette FREDERIKSEN]<br>Social Liberal Party or SLP or B [Sofie CARSTEN NIELSEN]<br>Socialist People's Party or SF or F [Pia OLSEN DYHR]"
|
||||
"text": "The Alternative AP (Franciska ROSENKILDE)<br>Conservative People's Party or DKF or C [Soren PAPE POULSEN]<br>Danish People's Party or DF or O [Morten MESSERSCHMIDT]<br>Green Left or SF or F [Pia OLSEN DYHR] (formerly Socialist People's Party or SF or F)<br>Liberal Alliance or LA or I [Alex VANOPSLAGH]<br>Liberal Party (Venstre) or V [Jakob ELLEMANN-JENSEN]<br>New Right Party or NB or D [Pernille VERMUND]<br>Red-Green Alliance (Unity List) or EL [collective leadership, Mai VILLADSEN, spokesperson]<br>Social Democrats or SDP or A [Mette FREDERIKSEN]<br>Social Liberal Party or SLP or B [Sofie CARSTEN NIELSEN]"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"International organization participation": {
|
||||
"text": "ADB (nonregional member), AfDB (nonregional member), Arctic Council, Australia Group, BIS, CBSS, CD, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EITI (implementing country), ESA, EU, FAO, FATF, G-9, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD (partners), IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINUSMA, NATO, NC, NEA, NIB, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, Paris Club, PCA, Schengen Convention, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNRWA, UNTSO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC"
|
||||
|
|
@ -1232,7 +1232,7 @@
|
|||
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>in response to Russia’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine, some NATO countries, including Denmark, have sent additional troops and equipment to the battlegroups deployed in NATO territory in eastern Europe"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military - note": {
|
||||
"text": "Denmark is a member of NATO and was one of the original 12 countries to sign the North Atlantic Treaty (also known as the Washington Treaty) in 1949<br><br>Denmark is a member of the EU, but opted out of the EU’s Common Defense and Security Policy, and therefore does not participate in EU military operations or in the cooperation on development and acquisition of military capabilities within the EU framework<br> <p>the Danish Armed Forces cooperate closely with the militaries of other Nordic countries through the Nordic Defense Cooperation (NORDEFCO), which consists of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden; areas of cooperation include armaments, education, human resources, training and exercises, and operations; NORDEFCO was established in 2009<br><br>in 2018, the Defense Ministers of Belgium, Denmark and the Netherlands signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) for the creation of a Composite Special Operations Component Command (C-SOCC); the C-SOCC was declared operational in December 2020</p> (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "Denmark is a member of NATO and was one of the original 12 countries to sign the North Atlantic Treaty (also known as the Washington Treaty) in 1949<br><br>Denmark is a member of the EU, but opted out of the EU’s Common Defense and Security Policy, and therefore does not participate in EU military operations or in the cooperation on development and acquisition of military capabilities within the EU framework<br><br>the Danish Armed Forces cooperate closely with the militaries of other Nordic countries through the Nordic Defense Cooperation (NORDEFCO), which consists of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden; areas of cooperation include armaments, education, human resources, training and exercises, and operations; NORDEFCO was established in 2009<br><br>in 2018, the Defense Ministers of Belgium, Denmark and the Netherlands signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) for the creation of a Composite Special Operations Component Command (C-SOCC); the C-SOCC was declared operational in December 2020 (2022)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Terrorism": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1247,7 +1247,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "19,833 (Syria), 5,634 (Eritrea) (mid-year 2021); 32,689 (Ukraine) (as of 9 August 2022)"
|
||||
"text": "19,833 (Syria), 5,634 (Eritrea) (mid-year 2021); 33,000 (Ukraine) (as of 16 August 2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "11,608 (mid-year 2021)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -361,8 +361,8 @@
|
|||
"text": "18 years of age (16 years in Austria); universal; voting for the European Parliament is permitted in each member state"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Executive branch": {
|
||||
"text": "<p>under the EU treaties there are three distinct institutions, each of which conducts functions that may be regarded as executive in nature:<br><em>European Council </em>- brings together heads of state and government, along with the president of the European Commission, and meets at least four times a year; its aim is to provide the impetus for the development of the Union and to issue general policy guidelines; the Treaty of Lisbon established the position of \"permanent\" (full-time) president of the European Council; leaders of the EU member states appoint the president for a 2 1/2 year term, renewable once; the president's responsibilities include chairing the EU summits and providing policy and organizational continuity; the current president is Charles MICHEL (Belgium), since 1 December 2019, succeeding Donald TUSK (Poland; 2014 - 2019)<br><em>Council of the European Union </em>- consists of ministers of each EU member state and meets regularly in 10 different configurations depending on the subject matter; it conducts policymaking and coordinating functions as well as legislative functions; ministers of EU member states chair meetings of the Council of the EU based on a 6-month rotating presidency except for the meetings of EU Foreign Ministers in the Foreign Affairs Council that are chaired by the High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy<br><em>European Commission</em> - headed by a College of Commissioners comprised of 28 members (one from each member country) including the president; each commissioner is responsible for one or more policy areas; the Commission's main responsibilities include the sole right to initiate EU legislation (except for foreign and security/defense policy), promoting the general interest of the EU, acting as \"guardian of the Treaties\" by monitoring the application of EU law, implementing/executing the EU budget, managing programs, negotiating on the EU's behalf in core policy areas such as trade, and ensuring the Union's external representation in some policy areas; its current president is Ursula VON DER LEYEN (Germany) elected on 16 July 2019 (took office on 1 December 2019); the president of the European Commission is nominated by the European Council and formally \"elected\" by the European Parliament; the Commission president allocates specific responsibilities among the members of the College (appointed by common accord of the member state governments in consultation with the president-elect); the European Parliament confirms the entire Commission for a 5-year term.</p>",
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> for external representation and foreign policy making, leaders of the EU member states appointed Joseph BORRELL (Spain) as the High Representative of the European Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy; BORRELL took office on 1 December 2019, succeeding Federica MOGHERINI (Italy (2014 - 2019); the High Representative's concurrent appointment as Vice President of the European Commission was meant to bring more coherence to the EU’s foreign policy (horizontally, between policies managed by the Commission that are particularly relevant for EU external relations, such as trade, humanitarian aid and crisis management, neighborhood policy and enlargement; and vertically, between member-state capitals and the EU); the High Representative helps develop and implement the EU's Common Foreign and Security Policy and Common Security and Defense Policy components, chairs the Foreign Affairs Council, represents and acts for the Union in many international contexts, and oversees the European External Action Service, the diplomatic corps of the EU, established on 1 December 2010"
|
||||
"text": "<p>under the EU treaties there are three distinct institutions, each of which conducts functions that may be regarded as executive in nature:<br><em>European Council </em>- brings together heads of state and government, along with the president of the European Commission, and meets at least four times a year; its aim is to provide the impetus for the development of the Union and to issue general policy guidelines; the Treaty of Lisbon established the position of \"permanent\" (full-time) president of the European Council; leaders of the EU member states appoint the president for a 2 1/2 year term, renewable once; the president's responsibilities include chairing the EU summits and providing policy and organizational continuity; the current president is Charles MICHEL (Belgium), since 1 December 2019, succeeding Donald TUSK (Poland; 2014 - 2019)<br><em>Council of the European Union </em>- consists of ministers of each EU member state and meets regularly in 10 different configurations depending on the subject matter; it conducts policymaking and coordinating functions as well as legislative functions; ministers of EU member states chair meetings of the Council of the EU based on a 6-month rotating presidency except for the meetings of EU Foreign Ministers in the Foreign Affairs Council that are chaired by the High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy<br><em>European Commission</em> - headed by a College of Commissioners comprised of 27 members (one from each member country) including the president; each commissioner is responsible for one or more policy areas; the Commission's main responsibilities include the sole right to initiate EU legislation (except for foreign and security/defense policy), promoting the general interest of the EU, acting as \"guardian of the Treaties\" by monitoring the application of EU law, implementing/executing the EU budget, managing programs, negotiating on the EU's behalf in core policy areas such as trade, and ensuring the Union's external representation in some policy areas; its current president is Ursula VON DER LEYEN (Germany) elected on 16 July 2019 (took office on 1 December 2019); the president of the European Commission is nominated by the European Council and formally \"elected\" by the European Parliament; the Commission president allocates specific responsibilities among the members of the College (appointed by common accord of the member state governments in consultation with the president-elect); the European Parliament confirms the entire Commission for a 5-year term.</p>",
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> for external representation and foreign policy making, leaders of the EU member states appointed Joseph BORRELL (Spain) as the High Representative of the European Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy; BORRELL took office on 1 December 2019, succeeding Federica MOGHERINI (Italy (2014 - 2019)); the High Representative's concurrent appointment as Vice President of the European Commission was meant to bring more coherence to the EU’s foreign policy (horizontally, between policies managed by the Commission that are particularly relevant for EU external relations, such as trade, humanitarian aid and crisis management, neighborhood policy and enlargement; and vertically, between member-state capitals and the EU); the High Representative helps develop and implement the EU's Common Foreign and Security Policy and Common Security and Defense Policy components, chairs the Foreign Affairs Council, represents and acts for the Union in many international contexts, and oversees the European External Action Service, the diplomatic corps of the EU, established on 1 December 2010"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Legislative branch": {
|
||||
"description": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -385,7 +385,7 @@
|
|||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the ECJ is the supreme judicial authority of the EU; it ensures that EU law is interpreted and applied uniformly throughout the EU, resolves disputed issues among the EU institutions and with member states, and reviews issues and opinions regarding questions of EU law referred by member state courts"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Political parties and leaders": {
|
||||
"text": "European United Left-Nordic Green Left or GUE/NGL [Manon AUBRY and Martin SCHIRDEWAN]<br>European Conservatives and Reformists or ECR [Raffaele FITTO and Ryszard LEGUTKO]<br>European Greens/European Free Alliance or Greens/EFA [Ska KELLER, Philippe LAMBERTS]<br>European People's Party or EPP [Manfred WEBER]<br>Identity and Democracy Party or ID [Marco ZANNI]<br>Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats or S&D [Iratxe GARCIA]<br>Renew Europe or RE (successor to Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe or ALDE) [Stephane SEJOURNE]"
|
||||
"text": "European United Left-Nordic Green Left or GUE/NGL [Manon AUBRY and Martin SCHIRDEWAN]<br>European Conservatives and Reformists or ECR [Raffaele FITTO and Ryszard LEGUTKO]<br>European Greens/European Free Alliance or Greens/EFA [Ska KELLER and Philippe LAMBERTS]<br>European People's Party or EPP [Manfred WEBER]<br>Identity and Democracy Party or ID [Marco ZANNI]<br>Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats or S&D [Iratxe GARCIA]<br>Renew Europe or RE (successor to Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe or ALDE) [Stephane SEJOURNE]"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"International organization participation": {
|
||||
"text": "ARF, ASEAN (dialogue member), Australian Group, BIS, BSEC (observer), CBSS, CERN, EBRD, FAO, FATF, G-8, G-10, G-20, IDA, IEA, IGAD (partners), LAIA (observer), NSG (observer), OAS (observer), OECD, PIF (partner), SAARC (observer), SICA (observer), UN (observer), UNRWA (observer), WCO, WTO, ZC (observer)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -843,7 +843,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "since 2003, the EU has launched more than 30 civilian and military crisis-management, advisory, and training missions in Africa, Asia, Europe, and the Middle East, as well as counter-piracy operations off the coast of Somalia and a naval operation in the Mediterranean to disrupt human smuggling and trafficking networks and prevent the loss of life at sea (2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military - note": {
|
||||
"text": "EU Battlegroups are rapid reaction multinational military units that form a key part of the EU's capacity to respond to emerging crises and conflicts; their deployment is subject to a unanimous decision by the EU Council; the core of a battlegroup typically consists of one infantry battalion (about 1,500 troops) reinforced with combat and combat service support units; the composition of the supporting units may differ depending on the mission; the troops and equipment are drawn from EU member states and under the direction of a lead nation; 2 battlegroups are always on standby for a period of 6 months; the battlegroups were declared operational in 2007, but have never been used operationally due to political and financial obstacles <br><br>the EU partners with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO); NATO is an alliance of 30 countries from North America and Europe; its role is to safeguard the security of its member countries by political and military means; NATO conducts crisis management and peacekeeping missions; member countries that participate in the military aspect of the Alliance contribute forces and equipment, which remain under national command and control until a time when they are required by NATO for a specific purpose (i.e. conflict or crisis, peacekeeping); NATO, however, does possess some common capabilities owned and operated by the Alliance, such as some early warning radar aircraft; relations between NATO and the EU were institutionalized in the early 2000s, building on steps taken during the 1990s to promote greater European responsibility in defense matters; cooperation and coordination covers a broad array of issues, including crisis management, defense and political consultations, civil preparedness, capacity building, military capabilities, maritime security, planning, cyber defense, countering hybrid threats, information sharing, logistics, defense industry, counterterrorism, etc.; NATO and the EU have 21 member countries in common <br><br>Eurocorps, which supports both the EU and NATO, was formally established in 1992 and activated the following year; it originated in 1987 with the French-German Brigade; Belgium (1993), Spain (1994), and Luxembourg (1996) joined over the next few years; five additional countries participate in Eurocorps as associated nations: Greece, Poland, and Turkey (since 2002), Italy and Romania (since 2009 and 2016 respectively); Eurocorps is headquartered in Strasbourg, France (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "EU Battlegroups are rapid reaction multinational military units that form a key part of the EU's capacity to respond to emerging crises and conflicts; their deployment is subject to a unanimous decision by the EU Council; the core of a battlegroup typically consists of one infantry battalion reinforced with combat and combat service support units (about 1,500 troops); the composition of the supporting units may differ depending on the mission; the troops and equipment are drawn from EU member states and under the direction of a lead nation; 2 battlegroups are always on standby for a period of 6 months; the battlegroups were declared operational in 2007, but have never been used operationally due to political and financial obstacles <br><br>the EU partners with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO); NATO is an alliance of 30 countries from North America and Europe; its role is to safeguard the security of its member countries by political and military means; NATO conducts crisis management and peacekeeping missions; member countries that participate in the military aspect of the Alliance contribute forces and equipment, which remain under national command and control until a time when they are required by NATO for a specific purpose (i.e. conflict or crisis, peacekeeping); NATO, however, does possess some common capabilities owned and operated by the Alliance, such as some early warning radar aircraft; relations between NATO and the EU were institutionalized in the early 2000s, building on steps taken during the 1990s to promote greater European responsibility in defense matters; cooperation and coordination covers a broad array of issues, including crisis management, defense and political consultations, civil preparedness, capacity building, military capabilities, maritime security, planning, cyber defense, countering hybrid threats, information sharing, logistics, defense industry, counterterrorism, etc.; NATO and the EU have 21 member countries in common <br><br>Eurocorps, which supports both the EU and NATO, was formally established in 1992 and activated the following year; it originated in 1987 with the French-German Brigade; Belgium (1993), Spain (1994), and Luxembourg (1996) joined over the next few years; five additional countries participate in Eurocorps as associated nations: Greece, Poland, and Turkey (since 2002), Italy and Romania (since 2009 and 2016 respectively); Eurocorps is headquartered in Strasbourg, France (2022)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Terrorism": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1238,7 +1238,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "44,365 (Ukraine) (as of 9 August 2022)"
|
||||
"text": "45,074 (Ukraine) (as of 15 August 2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "107 (mid-year 2021)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -594,7 +594,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Political parties and leaders": {
|
||||
"text": "Center Party of Estonia (Keskerakond) or K [Juri RATAS]<br>Estonia 200 [Kristina KALLAS]<br>Estonian Conservative People's Party (Konservatiivne Rahvaerakond) or EKRE [Mart HELME]<br>Estonian Reform Party (Reformierakond) or RE [Kaja KALLAS]<br>Free Party or EV [Andres HERKEL]<br>Pro Patria (Isamaa) [Helir-Valdor SEEDER]<br>Social Democratic Party or SDE [Jevgeni OSSINOVSKI]"
|
||||
"text": "Center Party of Estonia (Keskerakond) or K [Juri RATAS]<br>Estonia 200 [Kristina KALLAS]<br>Estonian Conservative People's Party (Konservatiivne Rahvaerakond) or EKRE [Martin HELME]<br>Estonian Reform Party (Reformierakond) or RE [Kaja KALLAS]<br>Pro Patria (Isamaa) [Helir-Valdor SEEDER]<br>Social Democratic Party or SDE [Lauri LAANEMETS]"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"International organization participation": {
|
||||
"text": "Australia Group, BA, BIS, CBSS, CD, CE, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EMU, ESA (cooperating state), EU, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINUSMA, NATO, NIB, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OIF (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PCA, Schengen Convention, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNTSO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
|
||||
|
|
@ -1228,10 +1228,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Military service age and obligation": {
|
||||
"text": "men 18-27 for compulsory military or governmental service, conscript service requirement 8-11 months depending on education; NCOs, reserve officers, and specialists serve 11 months; women can volunteer and as of 2018, women could serve in any branch of the military (2021)",
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> conscripts comprise about half (approximately 3,000-3,300) of the Estonian military's 6,500 active personnel and serve in all branches, except for the Air Force, which does not have conscripts; in 2020, women comprised about 10% of the full-time professional military force"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> conscripts comprise approximately 3,000-3,300 of the Estonian military's 7,000 active duty personnel and serve in all branches, except for the Air Force, which does not have conscripts; in 2020, women comprised about 10% of the full-time professional military force"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military - note": {
|
||||
"text": "Estonia officially became a member of NATO in 2004<br> <p>since 2017, Estonia has hosted a UK-led multi-national NATO ground force battlegroup as part of the Alliance’s Enhanced Forward Presence initiative</p> <p>NATO also has provided air protection for Estonia since 2004 through its Air Policing mission; NATO member countries that possess air combat capabilities voluntarily contribute to the mission on 4-month rotations; NATO fighter aircraft have been hosted at Estonia’s Ämari Air Base since 2014</p> (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "Estonia became a member of NATO in 2004<br><br>since 2017, Estonia has hosted a UK-led multi-national NATO ground force battlegroup as part of the Alliance’s Enhanced Forward Presence initiative; NATO has provided air protection for Estonia since 2004 through its Air Policing mission; NATO member countries that possess air combat capabilities voluntarily contribute to the mission on 4-month rotations; NATO fighter aircraft have been hosted at Estonia’s Ämari Air Base since 2014 (2022)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Transnational Issues": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1240,7 +1240,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "49,471 (Ukraine) (as of 9 August 2022)"
|
||||
"text": "50,491 (Ukraine) (as of 16 August 2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "71,873 (mid-year 2021); note - following independence in 1991, automatic citizenship was restricted to those who were Estonian citizens prior to the 1940 Soviet occupation and their descendants; thousands of ethnic Russians remained stateless when forced to choose between passing Estonian language and citizenship tests or applying for Russian citizenship; one reason for demurring on Estonian citizenship was to retain the right of visa-free travel to Russia; stateless residents can vote in local elections but not general elections; stateless parents who have been lawful residents of Estonia for at least five years can apply for citizenship for their children before they turn 15 years old"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -586,7 +586,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Political parties and leaders": {
|
||||
"text": "Christian Democratic Union-Czechoslovak People's Party or KDU-CSL [Marian JURECKA]<br>Civic Democratic Party or ODS [Petr FIALA]<br>Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia or KSCM [Katerina KONECNA]<br>Czech Social Democratic Party or CSSD [Michal SMARDA]<br>Free Bloc or VB [Jana VOLFOVA]<br>Freedom and Direct Democracy or SPD [Tomio OKAMURA]<br>Mayors and Independents or STAN [Vit RAKUSAN]<br>Movement of Dissatisfied Citizens or ANO [Andrej BABIS]<br>Oath or Prisaha [Robert SLACHTA]<br>Pirate Party or Pirates [Ivan BARTOS]<br>Tradition Responsibility Prosperity 09 or TOP 09 [Marketa PEKAROVA ADAMOVA]<br>Tricolor Freedomites Freeholders or TSS [Zuzana MAJEROVA ZAHRADNIKOVA]"
|
||||
"text": "Christian Democratic Union-Czechoslovak People's Party or KDU-CSL [Marian JURECKA]<br>Civic Democratic Party or ODS [Petr FIALA]<br>Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia or KSCM [Katerina KONECNA]<br>Czech Social Democratic Party or CSSD [Michal SMARDA]<br>Czech Sovereignty [Jana VOLFOVA] (formerly Free Bloc or VB)<br>Freedom and Direct Democracy or SPD [Tomio OKAMURA]<br>Mayors and Independents or STAN [Vit RAKUSAN]<br>Movement of Dissatisfied Citizens or ANO [Andrej BABIS]<br>Oath or Prisaha or PSH [Robert SLACHTA]<br>Pirate Party or Pirates [Ivan BARTOS]<br>Tradition Responsibility Prosperity 09 or TOP 09 [Marketa PEKAROVA ADAMOVA]<br>Tricolor Freedomites Freeholders or TSS [Zuzana MAJEROVA ZAHRADNIKOVA]"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"International organization participation": {
|
||||
"text": "Australia Group, BIS, BSEC (observer), CD, CE, CEI, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, ESA, EU, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MONUSCO, NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OIF (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PCA, Schengen Convention, SELEC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC"
|
||||
|
|
@ -1234,7 +1234,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "409,008 (Ukraine) (as of 9 August 2022)"
|
||||
"text": "413,121 (Ukraine) (as of 16 August 2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "1,498 (mid-year 2021)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -565,13 +565,13 @@
|
|||
"text": "Prime Minister Sanna MARIN (since 10 December 2019)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"cabinet": {
|
||||
"text": "Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to Parliament "
|
||||
"text": "Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to Parliament"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"elections/appointments": {
|
||||
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 28 January 2018 (next to be held in January 2024); prime minister appointed by Parliament"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "Sauli NIINISTO reelected president; percent of vote Sauli NIINISTO (independent) 62.7%, Pekka HAAVISTO (Vihr) 12.4%, Laura HUHTASAARI (PS) 6.9%, Paavo VAYRYNEN (independent) 6.2%, Matti VANHANEN (Kesk) 4.1%, other 7.7%"
|
||||
"text": "<em>2018:</em> Sauli NIINISTO reelected president; percent of vote - Sauli NIINISTO (independent) 62.7%, Pekka HAAVISTO (Vihr) 12.4%, Laura HUHTASAARI (PS) 6.9%, Paavo VAYRYNEN (independent) 6.2%, Matti VANHANEN (Kesk) 4.1%, other 7.7%<br><br><em>2012: </em>Sauli NIINISTO elected president; percent of vote - Sauli NIINISTO (National Coalition Party) 62.6%, Pekka HAAVISTO (Vihr) 37.4%"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Legislative branch": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1232,7 +1232,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
|
||||
"text": "approximately 22,000 total active duty personnel (15,000 Army; 4,000 Navy; 3,000 Air Force) (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "approximately 22,000 active duty personnel (15,000 Army; 4,000 Navy; 3,000 Air Force) (2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
|
||||
"text": "the inventory of the Finnish Defense Forces consists of a wide mix of mostly modern US, European, and domestically-produced weapons systems; since 2010, the US is the leading supplier; the Finnish defense industry produces a variety of military equipment, including wheeled armored vehicles and naval vessels (2021)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -1245,7 +1245,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "160 Lebanon (UNIFIL) (May 2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military - note": {
|
||||
"text": "<p>as of early 2022, Finland was not a member of NATO, but Finland and NATO actively cooperated in peace-support operations, exercised together, and exchanged analysis and information; Finland joined NATO’s Partnership for Peace program in 1994; Finnish Armed Forces participated in NATO-led military operations and missions in the Balkans, Afghanistan, and Iraq</p> <p>Finland is a signatory of the EU’s Common Security and Defense Policy (CSDP) and actively participates in CSDP crisis management missions and operations</p> <p>the Finnish Armed Forces closely cooperate with the militaries of other Nordic countries through the Nordic Defense Cooperation (NORDEFCO), which consists of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden; areas of cooperation include armaments, education, human resources, training and exercises, and operations; NORDEFCO was established in 2009</p>"
|
||||
"text": "Finland is not a member of NATO, but Finland and NATO have actively cooperated in peace-support operations, exercised together, and exchanged analysis and information; Finland joined NATO’s Partnership for Peace program in 1994; Finnish Armed Forces participated in NATO-led military operations and missions in the Balkans, Afghanistan, and Iraq; Finland applied for NATO membership in May 2022<br><br>Finland is a signatory of the EU’s Common Security and Defense Policy (CSDP) and actively participates in CSDP crisis management missions and operations<br><br>the Finnish Armed Forces closely cooperate with the militaries of other Nordic countries through the Nordic Defense Cooperation (NORDEFCO), which consists of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden; areas of cooperation include armaments, education, human resources, training and exercises, and operations; NORDEFCO was established in 2009 (2022)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Transnational Issues": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1254,7 +1254,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "9,053 (Iraq) (mid-year 2021); 30,372 (Ukraine) (as of 9 August 2022)"
|
||||
"text": "9,053 (Iraq) (mid-year 2021); 35,240 (Ukraine) (as of 16 August 2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "3,416 (mid-year 2021)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -456,7 +456,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; high commissioner appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually elected prime minister by the Faroese Parliament; election last held on 31 August 2019 (next to be held in 2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "Bardur A STEIGNIELSEN elected prime minister; Parliament vote - NA"
|
||||
"text": "<em>2019:</em> Bardur A STEIGNIELSEN elected prime minister; Parliament vote - NA<br><br><em>2015:</em> Aksel V. JOHANNESEN elected prime minister; Parliament vote - NA"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Legislative branch": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -479,7 +479,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Political parties and leaders": {
|
||||
"text": "Center Party (Midflokkurin) [Jenis av RANA]<br>People's Party (Folkaflokkurin) [Jorgen NICLASEN]<br>Progress Party (Framsokn) [Poul MICHELSEN]<br>Republic (Tjodveldi) [Hogni HOYDAL] (formerly the Republican Party)<br>Self-Government Party (Sjalvstyri or Sjalvstyrisflokkurin) [Jogvan SKORHEIM]<br>Social Democratic Party (Javnadarflokkurin) or JF [Aksel V. JOHANNESEN]<br>Union Party (Sambandsflokkurin) [Bardur A STEIG NIELSEN]"
|
||||
"text": "Center Party (Midflokkurin) [Jenis av RANA]<br>People's Party (Folkaflokkurin) [Jorgen NICLASEN]<br>Progress Party (Framsokn) [Ruth VANG]<br>Republic (Tjodveldi) [Hogni HOYDAL] (formerly the Republican Party)<br>Self-Government Party (Sjalvstyri or Sjalvstyrisflokkurin) [Jogvan SKORHEIM]<br>Social Democratic Party (Javnadarflokkurin) or JF [Aksel V. JOHANNESEN]<br>Union Party (Sambandsflokkurin) [Bardur A STEIG NIELSEN]"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"International organization participation": {
|
||||
"text": "Arctic Council, IMO (associate), NC, NIB, UNESCO (associate), UPU"
|
||||
|
|
@ -937,7 +937,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Military and Security": {
|
||||
"Military and security forces": {
|
||||
"text": "no regular military forces or conscription (2021)"
|
||||
"text": "no regular military forces or conscription"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military - note": {
|
||||
"text": "the Government of Denmark has responsibility for defense; as such, the Danish military’s Joint Arctic Command in Nuuk, Greenland is responsible for territorial defense of the Faroe Islands; the Joint Arctic Command has a contact element in the capital of Torshavn"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -346,7 +346,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "(2019 est.) <500"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Major infectious diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout France; as of 6 June 2022, France has reported a total of 28,733,287 cases of COVID-19 or 44,178.3 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 145,123 cumulative deaths or a rate 223.1 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 2 June 2022, 80.7% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
"text": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout France; as of 18 August 2022, France has reported a total of 33,275,006 cases of COVID-19 or 51,161.33 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 149,848 cumulative deaths or a rate 230.39 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 16 August 2022, 80.89% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
|
||||
"text": "21.6% (2016)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -464,7 +464,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Major infectious diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout France; as of 6 June 2022, France has reported a total of 28,733,287 cases of COVID-19 or 44,178.3 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 145,123 cumulative deaths or a rate 223.1 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 2 June 2022, 80.7% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
"text": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout France; as of 18 August 2022, France has reported a total of 33,275,006 cases of COVID-19 or 51,161.33 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 149,848 cumulative deaths or a rate 230.39 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 16 August 2022, 80.89% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Waste and recycling": {
|
||||
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -606,7 +606,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 10 April 2022 with a runoff held on 24 April 2022 (next to be held in April 2027); prime minister appointed by the president"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "<em>2022: </em>Emmanuel MACRON reelected in second round; percent of vote in first round - Emmanuel MACRON (LREM) 27.8%, Marine LE PEN (RN) 23.2%, Jean-Luc MELENCHON (LFI) 22%, Eric ZEMMOUR (Reconquete) 7.1%, Valerie PECRESSE (LR) 4.8%, Yannick JADOT (EELV) 4.6%, Jean LASSALLE (Resistons!) 3.1%, Fabien ROUSSEL (PCF) 2.3%, Nicolas DUPONT-AIGNAN (DLF) 2.1%, Anne HIDALGO 1.8%, other 1.2%; percent of vote in second round - MACRON 58.5%, LE PEN 41.5%<em><br></em><br><em>2017:</em> Emmanuel MACRON elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Emmanuel MACRON (EM) 24.%, Marine LE PEN (FN) 21.3%, Francois FILLON (LR) 20.%, Jean-Luc MELENCHON (FI) 19.6%, Benoit HAMON (PS) 6.4%, other 8.7%; percent of vote in second round - MACRON 66.1%, LE PEN 33.9%"
|
||||
"text": "<em>2022: </em>Emmanuel MACRON reelected in second round; percent of vote in first round - Emmanuel MACRON (LREM) 27.8%, Marine LE PEN (RN) 23.2%, Jean-Luc MELENCHON (LFI) 22%, Eric ZEMMOUR (Reconquete) 7.1%, Valerie PECRESSE (LR) 4.8%, Yannick JADOT (EELV) 4.6%, Jean LASSALLE (Resistons!) 3.1%, Fabien ROUSSEL (PCF) 2.3%, Nicolas DUPONT-AIGNAN (DLF) 2.1%, Anne HIDALGO 1.8%, other 1.2%; percent of vote in second round - MACRON 58.5%, LE PEN 41.5%<em><br></em><br><em>2017:</em> Emmanuel MACRON elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Emmanuel MACRON (EM) 24%, Marine LE PEN (FN) 21.3%, Francois FILLON (LR) 20%, Jean-Luc MELENCHON (FI) 19.6%, Benoit HAMON (PS) 6.4%, other 8.7%; percent of vote in second round - MACRON 66.1%, LE PEN 33.9%"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Legislative branch": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -633,7 +633,7 @@
|
|||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> in April 2021, the French Government submitted a bill on judicial reform to Parliament"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Political parties and leaders": {
|
||||
"text": "Citizen and Republican Movement or MRC [Jean-Luc LAURENT]<br>Debout la France or DLF [Nicolas DUPONT-AIGNAN]<br>Democratic Movement or MoDem [Francois BAYROU]<br>Ecologist Pole or PE<br>Europe Ecology - the Greens or EELV [Julien BAYOU]<br>French Communist Party or PCF [Fabien ROUSSEL]<br>Horizons [Edouard PHILIPPE]<br>La France Insoumise or FI [Jean-Luc MELENCHON]<br>La Republique en Marche! or LREM [Stanislas GUERINI]<br>Movement of Progressives or MDP [Robert HUE]<br>National Rally or RN [Jordan BARDELLA] (formerly National Front or FN)<br>New Democrats [Aurelien TACHE, Emilie CARIOU] (formerly Ecology Democracy Solidarity or EDS)<br>New Ecologic and Social People's Union or NUPES [collective leadership] (electoral coalition including FI, PE, PS, PCF)<br>Radical Party of the Left or PRV [Guillaume LACROIX]<br>Reconquete [Eric ZEMMOUR]<br>Resistons! [Jean LASSALLE]<br>Socialist Party or PS [Olivier FAURE]<br>The Patriots or LP [Florian PHILIPPOT]<br>The Republicans or LR [Christian JACOB]<br>Together or ENS [Richard Ferrand] (electoral coalition including LREM, MoDem, Horizons, PRV)<br>Union of Democrats and Independents or UDI [Jean-Christophe LAGARDE]<br>Union of Right and Center or UDC [Christian JACOB] (electoral coalition including LR, UDI)"
|
||||
"text": "Citizen and Republican Movement or MRC [Jean-Luc LAURENT]<br>Debout la France or DLF [Nicolas DUPONT-AIGNAN]<br>Democratic Movement or MoDem [Francois BAYROU]<br>Ecologist Pole or PE<br>Europe Ecology - the Greens or EELV [Julien BAYOU]<br>French Communist Party or PCF [Fabien ROUSSEL]<br>Horizons [Hubert VALADE]<br>La France Insoumise or FI [Jean-Luc MELENCHON]<br>La Republique en Marche! or LREM [Stanislas GUERINI]<br>Movement of Progressives or MDP [Robert HUE]<br>National Rally or RN [Jordan BARDELLA, acting president] (formerly National Front or FN)<br>New Democrats or LND [Aurelien TACHE, Emilie CARIOU] (formerly Ecology Democracy Solidarity or EDS)<br>New Ecological and Social People's Union or NUPES [collective leadership] (electoral coalition including FI, PE, PS, PCF)<br>Radical Party of the Left or PRV [Laurent HENART]<br>Reconquete [Eric ZEMMOUR]<br>Resistons! [Jean LASSALLE]<br>Socialist Party or PS [Olivier FAURE]<br>The Patriots or LP [Florian PHILIPPOT]<br>The Republicans or LR [Christian JACOB]<br>Together or ENS [Richard Ferrand] (electoral coalition including LREM, MoDem, Horizons, PRV)<br>Union of Democrats and Independents or UDI [Jean-Christophe LAGARDE]<br>Union of Right and Center or UDC [Christian JACOB] (electoral coalition including LR, UDI)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"International organization participation": {
|
||||
"text": "ADB (nonregional member), AfDB (nonregional member), Arctic Council (observer), Australia Group, BDEAC, BIS, BSEC (observer), CBSS (observer), CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EITI (implementing country), EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, FATF, FZ, G-5, G-7, G-8, G-10, G-20, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD (partners), IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, InOC, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSMA, MINUSTAH, MONUSCO, NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OIF, OPCW, OSCE, Pacific Alliance (observer), Paris Club, PCA, PIF (partner), Schengen Convention, SELEC (observer), SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, Union Latina, UNMIL, UNOCI, UNRWA, UN Security Council (permanent), UNTSO, UNWTO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC"
|
||||
|
|
@ -1275,8 +1275,8 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Military and Security": {
|
||||
"Military and security forces": {
|
||||
"text": "French Armed Forces (Forces Armées Françaises): Army (Armee de Terre; includes Foreign Legion), Navy (Marine Nationale), Air and Space Force (Armee de l’Air et de l’Espace); includes Air Defense), National Guard (Reserves), National Gendarmerie (2022)",
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>the National Gendarmerie is a paramilitary police force that is a branch of the Armed Forces but under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of the Interior; it also has additional duties to the Ministry of Defense and the Ministry of Justice"
|
||||
"text": "French Armed Forces (Forces Armées Françaises): Army (l'Armee de Terre; includes Foreign Legion), Navy (Marine Nationale), Air and Space Force (l'Armee de l’Air et de l’Espace); includes Air Defense), National Guard (Reserves), National Gendarmerie (2022)",
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>the National Gendarmerie is a paramilitary police force that is a branch of the Armed Forces and therefore part of the Ministry of Defense but under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of the Interior; it also has additional duties to the Ministry of Justice"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military expenditures": {
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2021": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -374,7 +374,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Lieutenant-Governor Vice Admiral Ian CORDER (since 14 March 2016)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"head of government": {
|
||||
"text": "Chief Minister Peter FERBRACHE (since 16 October 2020); Bailiff Richard MCMAHON (since 11 May 2020); note - the chief minister is the president of the Policy and Resources Committee and is the de facto head of government; the Policy and Resources Committee, elected by the States of Deliberation, functions as the executive; the 5 members all have equal voting rights"
|
||||
"text": "Chief Minister Peter FERBRACHE (since 16 October 2020); Bailiff Richard McMAHON (since 11 May 2020); note - the chief minister is the president of the Policy and Resources Committee and is the de facto head of government; the Policy and Resources Committee, elected by the States of Deliberation, functions as the executive; the 5 members all have equal voting rights"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"cabinet": {
|
||||
"text": "none"
|
||||
|
|
@ -383,7 +383,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; lieutenant governor and bailiff appointed by the monarch; chief minister, who is the president of the Policy and Resources Committee indirectly elected by the States of Deliberation for a 4-year term; last held on 6 May 2016 (next to be held in June 2020)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "Gavin ST PIER (independent) elected president of the Policy and Resources Committee and chief minister"
|
||||
"text": "<em>2020: </em>Peter FERBRACHE (independent) elected president of the Policy and Resources Committee and chief minister: percent of States of Guernsey vote - 57.5%<em><br><br>2016:</em> Gavin ST. PIER (independent) elected president of the Policy and Resources Committee and chief minister"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Legislative branch": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -586,7 +586,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "president indirectly elected by a Federal Convention consisting of all members of the Federal Parliament (Bundestag) and an equivalent number of delegates indirectly elected by the state parliaments; president serves a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 13 February 2022 (next to be held in February 2027); following the most recent Federal Parliament election, the party or coalition with the most representatives usually elects the chancellor who is appointed by the president to serve a renewable 4-year term; Federal Parliament vote for chancellor last held on 8 December 2021 (next to be held after the Bundestag election in 2025)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "Frank-Walter STEINMEIER reelected president; Federal Convention vote count - Frank-Walter STEINMEIER (SPD) 1,045, Max OTTE 140, Gerhard TRABERT (The Left) 96, Stefanie GEBAUER (Free Voters) 58, abstentions 86; Olaf SCHOLZ (SPD) elected chancellor; Federal Parliament vote - 395 to 303"
|
||||
"text": "<em>2017:</em> Frank-Walter STEINMEIER reelected president; Federal Convention vote count - Frank-Walter STEINMEIER (SPD) 1,045, Max OTTE 140, Gerhard TRABERT (The Left) 96, Stefanie GEBAUER (Free Voters) 58, abstentions 86; Olaf SCHOLZ (SPD) elected chancellor; Federal Parliament vote - 395 to 303<br><br><em>2012:</em> Joachim GAUCK elected president; Federal Convention vote count - Joachim GAUCK 911, Beate KLARSFELD 126, Olaf ROSE 3"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Legislative branch": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1293,7 +1293,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "616,325 (Syria), 152,677 (Afghanistan), 147,400 (Iraq), 62,152 (Eritrea), 45,704 (Iran), 34,465 (Turkey), 29,137 (Somalia), 9,329 (Russia), 9,323 (Nigeria), 8,600 (Pakistan), 7,503 (Serbia and Kosovo), 6,057 (Ethiopia) (mid-year 2021); 915,000 (Ukraine) (as of 3 August 2022)"
|
||||
"text": "616,325 (Syria), 152,677 (Afghanistan), 147,400 (Iraq), 62,152 (Eritrea), 45,704 (Iran), 34,465 (Turkey), 29,137 (Somalia), 9,329 (Russia), 9,323 (Nigeria), 8,600 (Pakistan), 7,503 (Serbia and Kosovo), 6,057 (Ethiopia) (mid-year 2021); 971,000 (Ukraine) (as of 13 August 2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "26,980 (mid-year 2021)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1256,12 +1256,12 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "38,496 (Syria), 25,188 (Afghanistan), 12,657 (Iraq), 5,002 (West Bank and Gaza) (mid-year 2021); 18,045 (Ukraine) (as of 7 August 2022)"
|
||||
"text": "38,496 (Syria), 25,188 (Afghanistan), 12,657 (Iraq), 5,002 (West Bank and Gaza) (mid-year 2021); 18,363 (Ukraine) (as of 14 August 2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "5,552 (mid-year 2021)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 1,221,800 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-August 2022); as of the end of February 2022, Greece hosted an estimated 161,419 refugees and asylum seekers"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 1,221,875 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-August 2022); as of the end of February 2022, Greece hosted an estimated 161,419 refugees and asylum seekers"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Illicit drugs": {
|
||||
"text": "a gateway to Europe for traffickers smuggling cannabis products and heroin from the Middle East and Southwest Asia to the West and precursor chemicals to the East; some South American cocaine transits or is consumed in Greece; money laundering related to drug trafficking and organized crime"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1230,7 +1230,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Military and Security": {
|
||||
"Military and security forces": {
|
||||
"text": "Armed Forces of the Republic of Croatia (Oruzane Snage Republike Hrvatske, OSRH): Ground Forces (Hrvatska Kopnena Vojska, HKoV), Naval Forces (Hrvatska Ratna Mornarica, HRM; includes Coast Guard), Air Force and Air Defense Forces; Military Police Force supports each of the three Croatian military forces (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "Armed Forces of the Republic of Croatia (Oruzane Snage Republike Hrvatske, OSRH): Ground Forces (Hrvatska Kopnena Vojska, HKoV), Naval Forces (Hrvatska Ratna Mornarica, HRM; includes Coast Guard), Air Force and Air Defense Forces; Military Police Force (2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military expenditures": {
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2021": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1273,7 +1273,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "16,829 (Ukraine) (as of 9 August 2022)"
|
||||
"text": "16,829 (Ukraine) (as of 16 August 2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "2,910 (mid-year 2021)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1276,7 +1276,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "27,861 (Ukraine) (as of 11 August 2022)"
|
||||
"text": "28,289 (Ukraine) (as of 16 August 2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "130 (mid-year 2021)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -537,7 +537,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "Prime Minister Katrin JAKOBSDOTTIR (since 30 November 2017)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"cabinet": {
|
||||
"text": "Cabinet appointed by the president upon the recommendation of the prime minister "
|
||||
"text": "Cabinet appointed by the president upon the recommendation of the prime minister"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"elections/appointments": {
|
||||
"text": "president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 4-year term (no term limits); election last held on 27 June 2020 (next to be held in 2024); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition becomes prime minister"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1272,12 +1272,12 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "19,441 (Nigeria), 15,337 (Pakistan), 12,962 (Afghanistan), 10,609 (Mali), 7,901 (Somalia), 5,845 (Gambia), 5,079 (Iraq) (mid-year 2021); 157,309 (Ukraine) (as of 1 August 2022)"
|
||||
"text": "19,441 (Nigeria), 15,337 (Pakistan), 12,962 (Afghanistan), 10,609 (Mali), 7,901 (Somalia), 5,845 (Gambia), 5,079 (Iraq) (mid-year 2021); 159,968 (Ukraine) (as of 16 August 2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "3,000 (mid-year 2021)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 635,754 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-August 2022)"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 641,879 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-August 2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Illicit drugs": {
|
||||
"text": "important gateway for drug trafficking; organized crime groups allied with Colombian and Spanish groups trafficking cocaine to Europe"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1248,7 +1248,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "36,161 (Ukraine) (as of 9 August 2022)"
|
||||
"text": "36,449 (Ukraine) (as of 16 August 2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "209,168 (mid-year 2021); note - individuals who were Latvian citizens prior to the 1940 Soviet occupation and their descendants were recognized as Latvian citizens when the country's independence was restored in 1991; citizens of the former Soviet Union residing in Latvia who have neither Latvian nor other citizenship are considered non-citizens (officially there is no statelessness in Latvia) and are entitled to non-citizen passports; children born after Latvian independence to stateless parents are entitled to Latvian citizenship upon their parents' request; non-citizens cannot vote or hold certain government jobs and are exempt from military service but can travel visa-free in the EU under the Schengen accord like Latvian citizens; non-citizens can obtain naturalization if they have been permanent residents of Latvia for at least five years, pass tests in Latvian language and history, and know the words of the Latvian national anthem"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1261,7 +1261,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "61,847 (Ukraine) (as of 9 August 2022)"
|
||||
"text": "62,444 (Ukraine) (as of 16 August 2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "2,721 (mid-year 2021)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1221,7 +1221,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "87,030 (Ukraine) (as of 9 August 2022)"
|
||||
"text": "87,030 (Ukraine) (as of 16 August 2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "1,532 (mid-year 2021)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1196,7 +1196,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "5,984 (Ukraine) (as of 9 August 2022)"
|
||||
"text": "6,263 (Ukraine) (as of 16 August 2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "194 (mid-year 2021)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1218,7 +1218,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "89,302 (Ukraine) (as of 9 August 2022)"
|
||||
"text": "89,649 (Ukraine) (as of 15 August 2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "3,372 (mid-year 2021)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1260,7 +1260,7 @@
|
|||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "458 (mid-year 2021)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 23,352 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-August 2022)"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 23,978 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-August 2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Illicit drugs": {
|
||||
"text": "<p>drug trafficking groups are major players in the procurement and transportation of large quantities of cocaine destined for European markets</p>"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1229,7 +1229,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "15,542 (Syria), 11,965 (Eritrea) (mid-year 2021); 22,688 (Ukraine) (as of 9 August 2022)"
|
||||
"text": "15,542 (Syria), 11,965 (Eritrea) (mid-year 2021); 23,623 (Ukraine) (as of 16 August 2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "4,154 (mid-year 2021)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1300,7 +1300,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "9,870 (Russia) (2019); 1,274,130 (Ukraine) (as of 9 August 2022)"
|
||||
"text": "9,870 (Russia) (2019); 1,274,130 (Ukraine) (as of 16 August 2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "1,389 (mid-year 2021)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1261,7 +1261,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "17,336 (Croatia), 7,997 (Bosnia and Herzegovina) (mid-year 2021); 15,071 (Ukraine) (includes Kosovo; as of 9 August 2022)"
|
||||
"text": "17,336 (Croatia), 7,997 (Bosnia and Herzegovina) (mid-year 2021); 15,893 (Ukraine) (includes Kosovo; as of 16 August 2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"IDPs": {
|
||||
"text": "196,995 (most are Kosovar Serbs, some are Roma, Ashkalis, and Egyptian (RAE); some RAE IDPs are unregistered) (2021)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -1269,7 +1269,7 @@
|
|||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "2,113 (includes stateless persons in Kosovo) (mid-year 2021)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 860,913 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-July 2022); Serbia is predominantly a transit country and hosts an estimated 5,918 migrants and asylum seekers as of May 2022"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 864,383 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-July 2022); Serbia is predominantly a transit country and hosts an estimated 5,918 migrants and asylum seekers as of May 2022"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Illicit drugs": {
|
||||
"text": "<p>drug trafficking groups are major players in the procurement and transportation of of large quantities of cocaine destined for European markets</p>"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1265,7 +1265,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "83,827 (Ukraine) (as of 8 August 2022)"
|
||||
"text": "84,662 (Ukraine) (as of 15 August 2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "314 (mid-year 2021)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1224,7 +1224,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "67,010 (Ukraine) (as of 9 August 2022)"
|
||||
"text": "7,200 (Ukraine) (as of 16 August 2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "10 (2020)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -329,7 +329,7 @@
|
|||
"respiratory diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "Covid-19 (see note) (2020)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout Spain; as of 6 June 2022, Spain has reported a total of 12,403,245 cases of COVID-19 or 26,204.4 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 106,797 cumulative deaths or a rate of 225.6 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 1 June 2022, 88.22% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine; the Department of Homeland Security has issued instructions requiring US passengers who have been in Spain to travel through select airports where the US Government has implemented enhanced screening procedures"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout Spain; as of 18 August 2022, Spain has reported a total of 13,306,301 cases of COVID-19 or 28,112.33 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 111,906 cumulative deaths or a rate of 236.42 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 10 August 2022, 86.94% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine; the Department of Homeland Security has issued instructions requiring US passengers who have been in Spain to travel through select airports where the US Government has implemented enhanced screening procedures"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
|
||||
"text": "23.8% (2016)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -457,7 +457,7 @@
|
|||
"respiratory diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "Covid-19 (see note) (2020)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout Spain; as of 6 June 2022, Spain has reported a total of 12,403,245 cases of COVID-19 or 26,204.4 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 106,797 cumulative deaths or a rate of 225.6 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 1 June 2022, 88.22% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine; the Department of Homeland Security has issued instructions requiring US passengers who have been in Spain to travel through select airports where the US Government has implemented enhanced screening procedures"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout Spain; as of 18 August 2022, Spain has reported a total of 13,306,301 cases of COVID-19 or 28,112.33 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 111,906 cumulative deaths or a rate of 236.42 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 10 August 2022, 86.94% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine; the Department of Homeland Security has issued instructions requiring US passengers who have been in Spain to travel through select airports where the US Government has implemented enhanced screening procedures"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Waste and recycling": {
|
||||
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1286,12 +1286,12 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "14,823 (Syria) (mid-year 2021); 418,200 (Venezuela) (economic and political crisis; includes Venezuelans who have claimed asylum, are recognized as refugees, or have received alternative legal stay) (2021); 133,007 (Ukraine) (as of 8 August 2022)"
|
||||
"text": "14,823 (Syria) (mid-year 2021); 418,200 (Venezuela) (economic and political crisis; includes Venezuelans who have claimed asylum, are recognized as refugees, or have received alternative legal stay) (2021); 133,913 (Ukraine) (as of 15 August 2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "692 (mid-year 2021)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>264,599 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals, including Canary Islands (January 2015-August 2022)"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>264,861 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals, including Canary Islands (January 2015-August 2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Illicit drugs": {
|
||||
"text": "primary transit point in Europe for cocaine from South America and for hashish from Morocco; cocaine is shipped in raw or liquid form with mixed cargo to avoid detection; traffickers ship methamphetamine via express mail; increasing number of indoor cannabis grow operations; illegal labs cutting, mixing, and reconstituting cocaine, and heroin and methamphetamine labs; synthetic drugs, including ketamine and MDMA (ecstasy) transit from Spain to the United States"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1247,7 +1247,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "114,995 (Syria), 28,744 (Afghanistan), 26,911 (Eritrea), 11,574 (Somalia), 11,153 (Iraq), 7,516 (Iran) (2020); 43,609 (Ukraine) (as of 9 August 2022)"
|
||||
"text": "114,995 (Syria), 28,744 (Afghanistan), 26,911 (Eritrea), 11,574 (Somalia), 11,153 (Iraq), 7,516 (Iran) (2020); 44,107 (Ukraine) (as of 16 August 2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "50,098 (mid-year 2021); note - the majority of stateless people are from the Middle East and Somalia"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1259,7 +1259,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "38,219 (Eritrea), 20,043 (Syria), 14,649 (Afghanistan), 6,069 (Sri Lanka), 6,197 (Turkey) (mid-year 2021); 59,834 (Ukraine) (as of 9 August 2022)"
|
||||
"text": "38,219 (Eritrea), 20,043 (Syria), 14,649 (Afghanistan), 6,069 (Sri Lanka), 6,197 (Turkey) (mid-year 2021); 60,461 (Ukraine) (as of 16 August 2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "684 (mid-year 2021)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -319,7 +319,7 @@
|
|||
"respiratory diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "Covid-19 (see note) (2020)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout the UK; as of 6 June 2022, the UK has reported a total of 22,305,897 cases of COVID-19 or 32,857.8 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 178,749 cumulative deaths or a rate of 263.3 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 31 May 2022, 78.42% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine; the US Department of Homeland Security has issued instructions requiring US passengers who have been in the UK to travel through select airports where the US Government has implemented enhanced screening procedures"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout the UK; as of 18 August 2022, the UK has reported a total of 23,461,239 cases of COVID-19 or 34,559.75 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 187,018 cumulative deaths or a rate of 275.48 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 10 August 2022, 79.89% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine; the US Department of Homeland Security has issued instructions requiring US passengers who have been in the UK to travel through select airports where the US Government has implemented enhanced screening procedures"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
|
||||
"text": "27.8% (2016)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -448,7 +448,7 @@
|
|||
"respiratory diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "Covid-19 (see note) (2020)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout the UK; as of 6 June 2022, the UK has reported a total of 22,305,897 cases of COVID-19 or 32,857.8 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 178,749 cumulative deaths or a rate of 263.3 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 31 May 2022, 78.42% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine; the US Department of Homeland Security has issued instructions requiring US passengers who have been in the UK to travel through select airports where the US Government has implemented enhanced screening procedures"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout the UK; as of 18 August 2022, the UK has reported a total of 23,461,239 cases of COVID-19 or 34,559.75 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 187,018 cumulative deaths or a rate of 275.48 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 10 August 2022, 79.89% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine; the US Department of Homeland Security has issued instructions requiring US passengers who have been in the UK to travel through select airports where the US Government has implemented enhanced screening procedures"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Waste and recycling": {
|
||||
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
File diff suppressed because one or more lines are too long
|
|
@ -339,7 +339,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "Pope FRANCIS (since 13 March 2013)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"head of government": {
|
||||
"text": "Secretary of State Cardinal Pietro PAROLIN (since 15 October 2013); note - Head of Government of Vatican City is President Cardinal Giuseppe BERTELLO (since 1 October 2011)"
|
||||
"text": "President of the Pontifical Commission for the State of Vatican City and President of the Governorate of the Vatican City State is Fernando Vergez Alzaga (since 1 October 2021)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"cabinet": {
|
||||
"text": "Pontifical Commission for the State of Vatican City appointed by the pope"
|
||||
|
|
@ -348,7 +348,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "pope elected by the College of Cardinals, usually for life or until voluntary resignation; election last held on 13 March 2013 (next to be held after the death or resignation of the current pope); Secretary of State appointed by the pope"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "Jorge Mario BERGOGLIO, former Archbishop of Buenos Aires, elected Pope FRANCIS"
|
||||
"text": "<em>2013:</em> Jorge Mario BERGOGLIO, former Archbishop of Buenos Aires, elected Pope FRANCIS"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Legislative branch": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -319,7 +319,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "100 (2020) <100"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Major infectious diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout UAE; as of 6 June 2022, UAE has reported a total of 910,935 cases of COVID-19 or 9,210.29 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 2,305 cumulative deaths or a rate of 23.3 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 1 June 2022, 98.99% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
"text": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout UAE; as of 18 August 2022, UAE has reported a total of 1,007,039 cases of COVID-19 or 10,181.98 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 2,340 cumulative deaths or a rate of 23.65 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
|
||||
"text": "31.7% (2016)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -432,7 +432,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Major infectious diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout UAE; as of 6 June 2022, UAE has reported a total of 910,935 cases of COVID-19 or 9,210.29 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 2,305 cumulative deaths or a rate of 23.3 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 1 June 2022, 98.99% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
"text": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout UAE; as of 18 August 2022, UAE has reported a total of 1,007,039 cases of COVID-19 or 10,181.98 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 2,340 cumulative deaths or a rate of 23.65 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Waste and recycling": {
|
||||
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1230,7 +1230,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "25,771 (Ukraine) (as of 9 August 2022)"
|
||||
"text": "25,670 (Ukraine) (as of 16 August 2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"IDPs": {
|
||||
"text": "305,000 (displaced in the 1990s as a result of armed conflict in the breakaway republics of Abkhazia and South Ossetia; displaced in 2008 by fighting between Georgia and Russia over South Ossetia) (2021)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -336,7 +336,7 @@
|
|||
"vectorborne diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> a new coronavirus is causing sustained community spread of respiratory illness (COVID-19) in Iran; sustained community spread means that people have been infected with the virus, but how or where they became infected is not known, and the spread is ongoing; illness with this virus has ranged from mild to severe with fatalities reported; as of 6 June 2022, Iran has reported a total of 7,232,731 cases of COVID-19 or 8,611.1 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 141,331 cumulative deaths or a rate 168.3 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 1 June 2022, 75.9% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> a new coronavirus is causing sustained community spread of respiratory illness (COVID-19) in Iran; sustained community spread means that people have been infected with the virus, but how or where they became infected is not known, and the spread is ongoing; illness with this virus has ranged from mild to severe with fatalities reported; as of 18 August 2022, Iran has reported a total of 7,493,317 cases of COVID-19 or 8,921.36 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 143,160 cumulative deaths or a rate 170.44 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
|
||||
"text": "25.8% (2016)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -469,7 +469,7 @@
|
|||
"vectorborne diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> a new coronavirus is causing sustained community spread of respiratory illness (COVID-19) in Iran; sustained community spread means that people have been infected with the virus, but how or where they became infected is not known, and the spread is ongoing; illness with this virus has ranged from mild to severe with fatalities reported; as of 6 June 2022, Iran has reported a total of 7,232,731 cases of COVID-19 or 8,611.1 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 141,331 cumulative deaths or a rate 168.3 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 1 June 2022, 75.9% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> a new coronavirus is causing sustained community spread of respiratory illness (COVID-19) in Iran; sustained community spread means that people have been infected with the virus, but how or where they became infected is not known, and the spread is ongoing; illness with this virus has ranged from mild to severe with fatalities reported; as of 18 August 2022, Iran has reported a total of 7,493,317 cases of COVID-19 or 8,921.36 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 143,160 cumulative deaths or a rate 170.44 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Waste and recycling": {
|
||||
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1262,7 +1262,7 @@
|
|||
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> women have served in the Israeli military since its establishment in 1948; as of 2021, women made up about 35% of IDF personnel; more than 90% of military specialties, including combat specialties, were open to women and more than 3,000 women were serving in combat units; the IDF's first mixed-gender infantry unit, the Caracal Battalion, was established in 2004<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> as of 2021, conscripts comprised about 70% of the IDF ground forces"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military - note": {
|
||||
"text": "the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF) has operated in the Golan between Israel and Syria since 1974 to monitor the ceasefire following the 1973 Arab-Israeli War and supervise the areas of separation between the two countries; as of February 2022, UNDOF consisted of about 1,100 personnel<br><br>as of 2022 and since the outbreak of the Syrian civil war in 2011, Israel has routinely carried out air strikes in Syria targeting Iranian, Iranian-backed militia and Hizballah forces, and some Syrian Government military positions; over the same period, the IDF has carried out numerous strikes against Hizballah in Lebanon in response to attacks on Israeli territory; Israel fought a month-long war in Lebanon with Hizballah in 2006 (see Appendix-T for details on Hizballah) <p>as of 2022, the IDF also conducted frequent operations against the HAMAS and Palestine Islamic Jihad (PIJ) terrorist groups operating out of the Gaza Strip; since seizing control of the Gaza Strip in 2007, HAMAS has claimed responsibility for numerous rocket attacks into Israel and organized protests at the border between Gaza and Israel, resulting in violent clashes, casualties, and reprisal military actions by the IDF; HAMAS and Israel fought an 11-day conflict in May of 2021, which ended in an informal truce; sporadic clashes continued into 2022, including incendiary balloon attacks from Palestinian territory and retaliatory IDF strikes; PIJ has conducted numerous attacks on Israel since the 1980s, including a barrage of mortar and rocket strikes in February 2020 (see Appendix-T for more details on HAMAS and Palestine Islamic Jihad)<br><br>Israel has Major Non-NATO Ally (MNNA) status with the US; MNNA is a designation under US law that provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense trade and security cooperation; while MNNA status provides military and economic privileges, it does not entail any security commitments</p> (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF) has operated in the Golan between Israel and Syria since 1974 to monitor the ceasefire following the 1973 Arab-Israeli War and supervise the areas of separation between the two countries; as of mid-2022, UNDOF consisted of about 1,000 personnel<br><br>as of 2022 and since the outbreak of the Syrian civil war in 2011, Israel has routinely carried out air strikes in Syria targeting Iranian, Iranian-backed militia and Hizballah forces, and some Syrian Government military positions; over the same period, the IDF has carried out numerous strikes against Hizballah in Lebanon in response to attacks on Israeli territory; Israel fought a month-long war in Lebanon with Hizballah in 2006 (see Appendix-T for details on Hizballah) <p>as of 2022, the IDF also conducted frequent operations against the HAMAS and Palestine Islamic Jihad (PIJ) terrorist groups operating out of the Gaza Strip; since seizing control of the Gaza Strip in 2007, HAMAS has claimed responsibility for numerous rocket attacks into Israel and organized protests at the border between Gaza and Israel, resulting in violent clashes, casualties, and reprisal military actions by the IDF; HAMAS and Israel fought an 11-day conflict in May of 2021, which ended in an informal truce; sporadic clashes continued into 2022, including incendiary balloon attacks from Palestinian territory and retaliatory IDF strikes; PIJ has conducted numerous attacks on Israel since the 1980s, including a barrage of mortar and rocket strikes in February 2020 (see Appendix-T for more details on HAMAS and Palestine Islamic Jihad)<br><br>Israel has Major Non-NATO Ally (MNNA) status with the US; MNNA is a designation under US law that provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense trade and security cooperation; while MNNA status provides military and economic privileges, it does not entail any security commitments</p> (2022)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Terrorism": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -332,7 +332,7 @@
|
|||
"food or waterborne diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout Iraq; as of 6 June 2022, Iraq has reported a total of 2,328,670 cases of COVID-19 or 5,789.5 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 25,221 cumulative deaths or a rate of 62.7 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 28 May 2022, 25.9% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout Iraq; as of 18 August 2022, Iraq has reported a total of 2,454,213 cases of COVID-19 or 6,101.59 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 25,338 cumulative deaths or a rate of 62.99 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 7 August 2022, 25.30% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
|
||||
"text": "30.4% (2016)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -459,7 +459,7 @@
|
|||
"food or waterborne diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout Iraq; as of 6 June 2022, Iraq has reported a total of 2,328,670 cases of COVID-19 or 5,789.5 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 25,221 cumulative deaths or a rate of 62.7 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 28 May 2022, 25.9% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout Iraq; as of 18 August 2022, Iraq has reported a total of 2,454,213 cases of COVID-19 or 6,101.59 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 25,338 cumulative deaths or a rate of 62.99 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 7 August 2022, 25.30% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Food insecurity": {
|
||||
"severe localized food insecurity": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1258,7 +1258,7 @@
|
|||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> in late 2021, the Iraqi Government approved a draft conscription law for the Council of Representatives to debate"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military - note": {
|
||||
"text": "<p>- as of 2022, Iraqi security forces (ISF) continued to conduct counterinsurgency and counter-terrorism operations against the Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS) terrorist group, particularly in northern and western Iraq; Kurdish Security Forces (KSF, aka Peshmerga) also conducted operations against ISIS<br><br>- the KSF were formally recognized as a legitimate Iraqi military force under the country’s constitution and have operated jointly with the Iraqi military against ISIS militants, but they also operate outside of Iraqi military command structure; since 2021, the ISF and the KSF have conducted joint counter-ISIS operations in an area known as the Kurdish Coordination Line (KCL), a swath of disputed territory in northern Iraq claimed by both the Kurdistan Regional Government and the central Iraqi Government; the KSF/Peshmerga report to the Kurdistan Regional Government or Kurdistan Democratic Party and Patriotic Union of Kurdistan parties instead of the Iraqi Ministry of Defense<br><br>- Popular Mobilization Commission and Affiliated Forces (PMF or PMC), also known as Popular Mobilization Units (PMU, or al-Hashd al-Sha’abi in Arabic), tribal militia units have fought alongside the Iraqi military against ISIS since 2014, but the majority of these forces continue to largely ignore the 2016 Law of the Popular Mobilization Authority, which mandated that armed militias must be regulated in a fashion similar to Iraq’s other security forces and act under the Iraqi Government’s direct control; the Iraqi Government funds the PMF, and the prime minister legally commands it, but many of the militia units take orders from associated political parties and/or other government officials, including some with ties to the Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) and some that have been designated as terrorist organizations by the US; the PMF/PMU is an umbrella organization comprised of many different militias, the majority of which are Shia; there are typically three types of Shia militia:</p> <p>--militias backed by Iran; they are considered the most active and capable, and include such groups as the Badr Organization (Saraya al-Sala), Asaib Ahl al-Haq, and Kataib Hizballah</p> <p>--militias affiliated with Shia political parties, but not aligned with Iran, such as Moqtada al-SADR's Saray al-Salam (Peace Brigades)</p> <p>--militias not connected with political parties, but affiliated with the Najaf-based Grand Ayatollah Ali al-SISTANI (Iraq’s supreme Shia cleric), such as the Hawza militias</p> <p>other PMF/PMU militias include Tribal Mobilization militias, or Hashd al-Asha’iri, which are composed of fighters from Sunni tribes; some of these militias take orders from the ISF and local authorities while others respond to orders from the larger Shia PMU militias; still other militias include Yazidi and Christian militias and the Turkmen brigades; the links of these forces to the PMU is not always clear-cut and may be loosely based on financial, legal, or political incentives</p> <p>- at the request of the Iraqi government, NATO agreed to establish an advisory, training and capacity-building mission for the Iraqi military in October 2018; as of 2022, the NATO Mission Iraq (NMI) had about 500 troops; in December 2021, the task force that leads the defeat ISIS mission in Iraq, Combined Joint Task Force – Operation Inherent Resolve (CJTF-OIR), transitioned from a combat role to an advise, assist, and enable role</p> (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "as of 2022, Iraqi security forces (ISF) continued to conduct counterinsurgency and counter-terrorism operations against the Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS) terrorist group, particularly in northern and western Iraq; Kurdish Security Forces (KSF, aka Peshmerga) also conducted operations against ISIS <br><br>the KSF were formally recognized as a legitimate Iraqi military force under the country’s constitution and have operated jointly with the Iraqi military against ISIS militants, but they also operate outside of Iraqi military command structure; since 2021, the ISF and the KSF have conducted joint counter-ISIS operations in an area known as the Kurdish Coordination Line (KCL), a swath of disputed territory in northern Iraq claimed by both the Kurdistan Regional Government and the central Iraqi Government; the KSF/Peshmerga report to the Kurdistan Regional Government or Kurdistan Democratic Party and Patriotic Union of Kurdistan parties instead of the Iraqi Ministry of Defense<br><br>Popular Mobilization Commission and Affiliated Forces (PMF or PMC), also known as Popular Mobilization Units (PMU, or al-Hashd al-Sha’abi in Arabic), tribal militia units have fought alongside the Iraqi military against ISIS since 2014, but the majority of these forces continue to largely ignore the 2016 Law of the Popular Mobilization Authority, which mandated that armed militias must be regulated in a fashion similar to Iraq’s other security forces and act under the Iraqi Government’s direct control; the Iraqi Government funds the PMF, and the prime minister legally commands it, but many of the militia units take orders from associated political parties and/or other government officials, including some with ties to the Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) and some that have been designated as terrorist organizations by the US; the PMF/PMU is an umbrella organization comprised of many different militias, the majority of which are Shia; there are typically three types of Shia militia: <br><br>--militias backed by Iran; they are considered the most active and capable, and include such groups as the Badr Organization (Saraya al-Sala), Asaib Ahl al-Haq, and Kataib Hizballah --militias affiliated with Shia political parties, but not aligned with Iran, such as Moqtada al-SADR's Saray al-Salam (Peace Brigades) <br><br>--militias not connected with political parties, but affiliated with the Najaf-based Grand Ayatollah Ali al-SISTANI (Iraq’s supreme Shia cleric), such as the Hawza militias<br><br>--other PMF/PMU militias include Tribal Mobilization militias, or Hashd al-Asha’iri, which are composed of fighters from Sunni tribes; some of these militias take orders from the ISF and local authorities while others respond to orders from the larger Shia PMU militias; still other militias include Yazidi and Christian militias and the Turkmen brigades; the links of these forces to the PMU is not always clear-cut and may be loosely based on financial, legal, or political incentives<br><br>at the request of the Iraqi government, NATO agreed to establish an advisory, training and capacity-building mission for the Iraqi military in October 2018; as of 2022, the NATO Mission Iraq (NMI) had about 500 troops; in December 2021, the task force that leads the defeat ISIS mission in Iraq, Combined Joint Task Force – Operation Inherent Resolve (CJTF-OIR), transitioned from a combat role to an advise, assist, and enable role (2022)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Terrorism": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1273,7 +1273,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "15,272 (Turkey), 7,881 (West Bank and Gaza Strip) (mid-year 2021); 262,756 (Syria) (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "15,272 (Turkey), 7,881 (West Bank and Gaza Strip) (mid-year 2021); 263,783 (Syria) (2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"IDPs": {
|
||||
"text": "1,184,818 (displacement in central and northern Iraq since January 2014) (2022)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -324,7 +324,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "(2020 est.) <100"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Major infectious diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout Jordan; as of 6 June 2022, Jordan has reported a total of 1,697,271 cases of COVID-19 or 16,634.8 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 14,068 cumulative deaths or a rate of 137.9 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 29 May 2022, 46.65% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
"text": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout Jordan; as of 18 August 2022, Jordan has reported a total of 1,726,717 cases of COVID-19 or 16,923.39 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 14,095 cumulative deaths or a rate of 138.14 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 7 August 2022, 43.21% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
|
||||
"text": "35.5% (2016)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -459,7 +459,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Major infectious diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout Jordan; as of 6 June 2022, Jordan has reported a total of 1,697,271 cases of COVID-19 or 16,634.8 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 14,068 cumulative deaths or a rate of 137.9 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 29 May 2022, 46.65% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
"text": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout Jordan; as of 18 August 2022, Jordan has reported a total of 1,726,717 cases of COVID-19 or 16,923.39 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 14,095 cumulative deaths or a rate of 138.14 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 7 August 2022, 43.21% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Waste and recycling": {
|
||||
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -309,7 +309,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "(2020 est.) <100"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Major infectious diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout Lebanon; as of 6 June 2022, Lebanon has reported a total of 1,099,821 cases of COVID-19 or 16,113.5 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 10,437 cumulative deaths or a rate of 152.9 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 30 May 2022, 39.69% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
"text": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout Lebanon; as of 18 August 2022, Lebanon has reported a total of 1,200,111 cases of COVID-19 or 17,582.89 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 10,589 cumulative deaths or a rate of 155.14 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 7 August 2022, 48.5% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
|
||||
"text": "32% (2016)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -441,7 +441,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Major infectious diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout Lebanon; as of 6 June 2022, Lebanon has reported a total of 1,099,821 cases of COVID-19 or 16,113.5 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 10,437 cumulative deaths or a rate of 152.9 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 30 May 2022, 39.69% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
"text": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout Lebanon; as of 18 August 2022, Lebanon has reported a total of 1,200,111 cases of COVID-19 or 17,582.89 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 10,589 cumulative deaths or a rate of 155.14 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 7 August 2022, 48.5% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Food insecurity": {
|
||||
"widespread lack of access": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1193,6 +1193,12 @@
|
|||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the commander of the LAF is also the commander of the Army; the LAF patrols external borders, while official border checkpoints are under the authority of Directorate for General Security"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military expenditures": {
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2021": {
|
||||
"text": "3.2% of GDP (2021 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
|
||||
"text": "3% of GDP (2020 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
|
||||
"text": "4.7% of GDP (2019 est.) (approximately $3.6 billion)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -1201,12 +1207,6 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2017": {
|
||||
"text": "4.6% of GDP (2017 est.) (approximately $3.95 billion)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2016": {
|
||||
"text": "5.1% of GDP (2016 est.) (approximately $4.15 billion)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2015": {
|
||||
"text": "4.5% of GDP (2015 est.) (approximately $3.7 billion)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1220,7 +1220,7 @@
|
|||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> as of 2020, women comprised about 5% of the active duty military"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military - note": {
|
||||
"text": "as of 2022, the Lebanese military faced multiple challenges, including securing parts of the border with war-torn Syria from infiltrations of militants linked to the Islamic State and al-Qa’ida terrorist groups and maintaining stability along its volatile border with Israel, where the Iranian-backed and Lebanon-based terrorist group Hizballah conducted a war with Israel in 2006 and tensions remained high, including occasional armed skirmishes; the military also faced a financial crisis as government debt and national economic difficulties undercut its ability to fully pay and supply personnel, which has sparked domestic and international fears that the armed forces may disintegrate <br><br>the United Nations Interim Force In Lebanon (UNIFIL) has operated in the country since 1978, originally under UNSCRs 425 and 426 to confirm Israeli withdrawal from Lebanon, restore international peace and security, and assist the Lebanese Government in restoring its effective authority in the area; following the July-August 2006 war, the UN Security Council adopted resolution 1701 enhancing UNIFIL and deciding that in addition to the original mandate, it would, among other things, monitor the cessation of hostilities; accompany and support the Lebanese Armed Forces (LAF) as they deploy throughout the south of Lebanon; and extend its assistance to help ensure humanitarian access to civilian populations and the voluntary and safe return of displaced persons; UNIFIL had about 10,000 personnel deployed in the country as of 2022 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "as of 2022, the Lebanese military faced multiple challenges, including securing parts of the border with war-torn Syria from infiltrations of militants linked to the Islamic State and al-Qa’ida terrorist groups and maintaining stability along its volatile border with Israel, where the Iranian-backed and Lebanon-based terrorist group Hizballah conducted a war with Israel in 2006 and tensions remained high, including occasional armed skirmishes; the military also faced a financial crisis as government debt and national economic difficulties undercut its ability to fully pay and supply personnel, which has sparked domestic and international fears that the armed forces may disintegrate <br><br>the United Nations Interim Force In Lebanon (UNIFIL) has operated in the country since 1978, originally under UNSCRs 425 and 426 to confirm Israeli withdrawal from Lebanon, restore international peace and security, and assist the Lebanese Government in restoring its effective authority in the area; following the July-August 2006 war, the UN Security Council adopted resolution 1701 enhancing UNIFIL and deciding that in addition to the original mandate, it would, among other things, monitor the cessation of hostilities; accompany and support the Lebanese Armed Forces (LAF) as they deploy throughout the south of Lebanon; and extend its assistance to help ensure humanitarian access to civilian populations and the voluntary and safe return of displaced persons; UNIFIL had approximately 9,500 personnel deployed in the country as of mid-2022 (2022)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Terrorism": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1184,7 +1184,7 @@
|
|||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the SAF is comprised largely of conscripts"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military - note": {
|
||||
"text": "the UN Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF) has operated in the Golan between Israel and Syria since 1974 to monitor the ceasefire following the 1973 Arab-Israeli War and supervise the areas of separation between the two countries; as of February 2022, UNDOF consisted of about 1,100 personnel<br><br>as of 2022, multiple actors were conducting military operations in Syria in support of the ASAD government or Syrian opposition forces, as well in pursuit of their own security goals, such counterterrorism; operations have included air strikes, direct ground combat, and sponsoring proxy forces, as well as providing non-lethal military support, including advisors, technicians, arms and equipment, funding, intelligence, and training: <p><strong>pro-ASAD elements</strong> operating in Syria have included<strong> Lebanese Hezbollah, Iranian, Iranian-backed Shia militia, and Russian forces</strong>; since early in the civil war, the ASAD government has relied on Lebanese Hezbollah (see Appendix T for further information), as well as Iran and Iranian-backed forces, for combat operations and to hold territory; Iran has provided military advisors and combat troops from the Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps (including the Qods Force; see Appendix T for further information), as well as intelligence, logistical, material, technical, and financial support; it has funded, trained, equipped, and led Shia militia/paramilitary units comprised of both Syrian and non-Syrian personnel, primarily from Afghanistan, Iraq, and Pakistan; Russia intervened at the request of the ASAD government in 2015 and has since provided air support, special operations forces, military advisors, private military contractors, training, arms, and equipment; Iranian and Russian support has also included assisting Syria in combating the Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS; see Appendix T) terrorist group</p> <p><strong>Turkey </strong>intervened militarily in 2016 to combat Kurdish militants and ISIS, support select Syrian opposition forces, and establish a buffer along portions of its border with Syria; as of 2022, Turkey continued to maintain a considerable military presence in northern Syria; it has armed and trained militia/proxy forces, such as the Syrian National Army, which was formed in late 2017 of Syrian Arab and Turkmen rebel factions in the Halab (Aleppo) province and northwestern Syria</p> <p>the <strong>US and some regional and European states</strong> have at times backed Syrian opposition forces militarily and/or conducted military operations, primarily against ISIS; the US has operated in Syria since 2015 with ground forces and air strikes; as of 2022, the majority the ground forces were deployed in the Eastern Syria Security Area (ESSA, which includes parts of Hasakah and Dayr az Zawr provinces east of the Euphrates River) in support of operations by the Syrian Democratic Forces against ISIS, while the remainder were in southeast Syria around Tanf supporting counter-ISIS operations by the Jaysh Mughawir al-Thawra (MaT, or Revolutionary Commando Army) Syrian opposition force; the US has also conducted air strikes against Syrian military targets in response to Syrian Government use of chemical weapons against opposition forces and civilians; in addition, France, Jordan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the UK have provided forms of military assistance to opposition forces and/or conducted operations against ISIS, including air strikes</p> <p><strong>Israel</strong> has conducted hundreds of military air strikes in Syria against Syrian military, Hezbollah, Iranian, and/or Iranian-backed militia targets</p> <p>the<strong> Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) </strong>are an anti-ASAD regime coalition of forces composed primarily of Kurdish, Sunni Arab, and Syriac Christian fighters; it is dominated and led by Kurdish forces, particularly the People’s Protection Units (YPG) militia; the SDF began to receive US support in 2015 and as of 2022 was the main local US partner in its counter-ISIS campaign; the SDF has internal security, anti-terror, and commando units; Turkey views the SDF as an extension of the Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK), a US-designated terrorist organization (see Appendix T)</p> <p>the <strong>ISIS</strong> terrorist group (see Appendix T) lost its last territorial stronghold to SDF forces in 2019, but continued to maintain a low-level insurgency as of 2022; in addition, the SDF held about 10,000 captured suspected ISIS fighters in detention facilities across northern Syria, including 2,000 from countries other than Iraq and Syria</p> <p>as of 2022, the <strong>Hay'at Tahrir al-Sham </strong>(HTS; formerly known as al-Nusrah Front) terrorist organization (see Appendix T) was the dominant militant group in northwest Syria and asserted considerable influence and control over the so-called Syrian Salvation Government in the Iblib de-escalation zone</p> (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "the UN Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF) has operated in the Golan between Israel and Syria since 1974 to monitor the ceasefire following the 1973 Arab-Israeli War and supervise the areas of separation between the two countries; as of mid-2022, UNDOF consisted of about 1,000 personnel<br><br>as of 2022, multiple actors were conducting military operations in Syria in support of the ASAD government or Syrian opposition forces, as well in pursuit of their own security goals, such counterterrorism; operations have included air strikes, direct ground combat, and sponsoring proxy forces, as well as providing non-lethal military support, including advisors, technicians, arms and equipment, funding, intelligence, and training: <p><strong>pro-ASAD elements</strong> operating in Syria have included<strong> Lebanese Hezbollah, Iranian, Iranian-backed Shia militia, and Russian forces</strong>; since early in the civil war, the ASAD government has relied on Lebanese Hezbollah (see Appendix T for further information), as well as Iran and Iranian-backed forces, for combat operations and to hold territory; Iran has provided military advisors and combat troops from the Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps (including the Qods Force; see Appendix T for further information), as well as intelligence, logistical, material, technical, and financial support; it has funded, trained, equipped, and led Shia militia/paramilitary units comprised of both Syrian and non-Syrian personnel, primarily from Afghanistan, Iraq, and Pakistan; Russia intervened at the request of the ASAD government in 2015 and has since provided air support, special operations forces, military advisors, private military contractors, training, arms, and equipment; Iranian and Russian support has also included assisting Syria in combating the Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS; see Appendix T) terrorist group</p> <p><strong>Turkey </strong>intervened militarily in 2016 to combat Kurdish militants and ISIS, support select Syrian opposition forces, and establish a buffer along portions of its border with Syria; as of 2022, Turkey continued to maintain a considerable military presence in northern Syria; it has armed and trained militia/proxy forces, such as the Syrian National Army, which was formed in late 2017 of Syrian Arab and Turkmen rebel factions in the Halab (Aleppo) province and northwestern Syria</p> <p>the <strong>US and some regional and European states</strong> have at times backed Syrian opposition forces militarily and/or conducted military operations, primarily against ISIS; the US has operated in Syria since 2015 with ground forces and air strikes; as of 2022, the majority the ground forces were deployed in the Eastern Syria Security Area (ESSA, which includes parts of Hasakah and Dayr az Zawr provinces east of the Euphrates River) in support of operations by the Syrian Democratic Forces against ISIS, while the remainder were in southeast Syria around Tanf supporting counter-ISIS operations by the Jaysh Mughawir al-Thawra (MaT, or Revolutionary Commando Army) Syrian opposition force; the US has also conducted air strikes against Syrian military targets in response to Syrian Government use of chemical weapons against opposition forces and civilians; in addition, France, Jordan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the UK have provided forms of military assistance to opposition forces and/or conducted operations against ISIS, including air strikes</p> <p><strong>Israel</strong> has conducted hundreds of military air strikes in Syria against Syrian military, Hezbollah, Iranian, and/or Iranian-backed militia targets</p> <p>the<strong> Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) </strong>are an anti-ASAD regime coalition of forces composed primarily of Kurdish, Sunni Arab, and Syriac Christian fighters; it is dominated and led by Kurdish forces, particularly the People’s Protection Units (YPG) militia; the SDF began to receive US support in 2015 and as of 2022 was the main local US partner in its counter-ISIS campaign; the SDF has internal security, anti-terror, and commando units; Turkey views the SDF as an extension of the Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK), a US-designated terrorist organization (see Appendix T)</p> <p>the <strong>ISIS</strong> terrorist group (see Appendix T) lost its last territorial stronghold to SDF forces in 2019, but continued to maintain a low-level insurgency as of 2022; in addition, the SDF held about 10,000 captured suspected ISIS fighters in detention facilities across northern Syria, including 2,000 from countries other than Iraq and Syria</p> <p>as of 2022, the <strong>Hay'at Tahrir al-Sham </strong>(HTS; formerly known as al-Nusrah Front) terrorist organization (see Appendix T) was the dominant militant group in northwest Syria and asserted considerable influence and control over the so-called Syrian Salvation Government in the Iblib de-escalation zone</p> (2022)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Terrorism": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -328,7 +328,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "NA"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Major infectious diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout Turkey; as of 6 June 2022, Turkey has reported a total of 15,073,722 cases of COVID-19 or 17,872.76 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 98,969 cumulative deaths or a rate of 117.3 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 31 May 2022, 68.02% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
"text": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout Turkey; as of 18 August 2022, Turkey has reported a total of 16,528,070 cases of COVID-19 or 19,597.17 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 100,058 cumulative deaths or a rate of 118.63 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 17 August 2022, 68.31% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
|
||||
"text": "32.1% (2016)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -460,7 +460,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Major infectious diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout Turkey; as of 6 June 2022, Turkey has reported a total of 15,073,722 cases of COVID-19 or 17,872.76 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 98,969 cumulative deaths or a rate of 117.3 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 31 May 2022, 68.02% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
"text": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout Turkey; as of 18 August 2022, Turkey has reported a total of 16,528,070 cases of COVID-19 or 19,597.17 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 100,058 cumulative deaths or a rate of 118.63 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 17 August 2022, 68.31% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Waste and recycling": {
|
||||
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1268,7 +1268,7 @@
|
|||
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> in 2019, a new law cut the men’s mandatory military service period in half, as well as making paid military service permanent; with the new system, the period of conscription was reduced from 12 months to six months for privates and non-commissioned soldiers (the service term for reserve officers chosen among university or college graduates remained 12 months); after completing six months of service, if a conscripted soldier wants to and is suitable for extending his military service, he may do so for an additional six months in return for a monthly salary; under the new law, all male Turkish citizens over the age of 20 are required to undergo a one month military training period, but they can obtain an exemption from the remaining five months of their mandatory service by paying 31,000 Turkish Liras<br><strong><br>note 2:</strong> as of 2019, women made up about .3% of the military's full-time personnel"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military deployments": {
|
||||
"text": "approximately 150 (Azerbaijan; monitoring cease-fire, clearing mines); 250 Bosnia-Herzegovina (EUFOR); approximately 30,000 Cyprus; up to approximately 4,000 Iraq; 300 Kosovo (NATO/KFOR); 110 Lebanon (UNIFIL); estimated 500 Libya; approximately 3,000 Qatar; approximately 200 Somalia (training mission); estimated 5,000-10,000 Syria (2022)",
|
||||
"text": "approximately 150 (Azerbaijan; monitoring cease-fire, clearing mines); 250 Bosnia-Herzegovina (EUFOR); approximately 30,000 Cyprus; estimated 5,000 Iraq; 300 Kosovo (NATO/KFOR); 110 Lebanon (UNIFIL); estimated 500 Libya; approximately 3,000 Qatar; approximately 200 Somalia (training mission); estimated 5,000-10,000 Syria (2022)",
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> between 2016 and 2020, Turkey conducted four major military campaigns in northern Syria; Turkey also has deployed troops into northern Iraq on numerous occasions to combat the Kurdistan Worker's Party (PKK), including large operations involving thousands of troops in 2007, 2011, and 2018, and smaller-scale incursions in 2021 and 2022; in October of 2021, Turkey’s parliament extended the military’s mandate to launch cross-border operations in Iraq and Syria by two more years<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> in 2020, Turkey deployed hundreds of Turkish troops and as many as 5,000 Syrian fighters to Libya to support the Libyan Government of National Accord"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military - note": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1235,7 +1235,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "69,230 (Somalia), 18,153 (Ethiopia) (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "69,366 (Somalia), 18,153 (Ethiopia) (2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"IDPs": {
|
||||
"text": "4,288,739 (conflict in Sa'ada Governorate; clashes between al-Qa'ida in the Arabian Peninsula and government forces) (2022)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -452,13 +452,13 @@
|
|||
"text": "Premier Mute B. EGEDE (since 23 April 2021)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"cabinet": {
|
||||
"text": "Self-rule Government (Naalakkersuisut) elected by the Parliament (Inatsisartut) on the basis of the strength of parties"
|
||||
"text": "Self-rule Government (Naalakkersuisut) elected by the Parliament (Inatsisartut)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"elections/appointments": {
|
||||
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; high commissioner appointed by the monarch; premier indirectly elected by Parliament for a 4-year term"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "Kim KIELSEN elected premier; Parliament vote - Kim KIELSEN (S) 27.2%, Sara OLSVIG (IA) 25.5%, Randi Vestergaard EVALDSEN (D) 19.5%, other 27.8%"
|
||||
"text": "<em>2021:</em> Mute B. EGEDE elected premier; Parliament vote - Mute B. EGEDE 20-0<br><br><em>2014:</em> Kim KIELSEN elected premier; Parliament vote - Kim KIELSEN (S) 27.2%, Sara OLSVIG (IA) 25.5%, Randi Vestergaard EVALDSEN (D) 19.5%, other 27.8%"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Legislative branch": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -346,7 +346,7 @@
|
|||
"vectorborne diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "dengue fever"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> a new coronavirus is causing sustained community spread of respiratory illness (COVID-19) in Mexico; sustained community spread means that people have been infected with the virus, but how or where they became infected is not known, and the spread is ongoing; illness with this virus has ranged from mild to severe with fatalities reported; as of 6 June 2022, Mexico has reported a total of 5,782,405 cases of COVID-19 or 4,484.8 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 324,966 cumulative deaths or a rate of 252 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 20 May 2022, 66.68% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> a new coronavirus is causing sustained community spread of respiratory illness (COVID-19) in Mexico; sustained community spread means that people have been infected with the virus, but how or where they became infected is not known, and the spread is ongoing; illness with this virus has ranged from mild to severe with fatalities reported; as of 18 August 2022, Mexico has reported a total of 6,939,755 cases of COVID-19 or 5,382.46 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 328,798 cumulative deaths or a rate of 255.01 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 5 August 2022, 74.23% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
|
||||
"text": "28.9% (2016)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -488,7 +488,7 @@
|
|||
"vectorborne diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "dengue fever"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> a new coronavirus is causing sustained community spread of respiratory illness (COVID-19) in Mexico; sustained community spread means that people have been infected with the virus, but how or where they became infected is not known, and the spread is ongoing; illness with this virus has ranged from mild to severe with fatalities reported; as of 6 June 2022, Mexico has reported a total of 5,782,405 cases of COVID-19 or 4,484.8 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 324,966 cumulative deaths or a rate of 252 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 20 May 2022, 66.68% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> a new coronavirus is causing sustained community spread of respiratory illness (COVID-19) in Mexico; sustained community spread means that people have been infected with the virus, but how or where they became infected is not known, and the spread is ongoing; illness with this virus has ranged from mild to severe with fatalities reported; as of 18 August 2022, Mexico has reported a total of 6,939,755 cases of COVID-19 or 5,382.46 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 328,798 cumulative deaths or a rate of 255.01 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 5 August 2022, 74.23% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Waste and recycling": {
|
||||
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -334,7 +334,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "1,400 (2020 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Major infectious diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout Argentina; as of 6 June 2022, Argentina has reported a total of 9,230,573 cases of COVID-19 or 20,423.53 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 128,889 cumulative deaths or 285.18 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 4 June 2022, 55.2% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
"text": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout Argentina; as of 18 August 2022, Argentina has reported a total of 9,633,732 cases of COVID-19 or 21,315.55 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 129,566 cumulative deaths or 286.67 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 17 August 2022, 91.07% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
|
||||
"text": "28.3% (2016)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -458,7 +458,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Major infectious diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout Argentina; as of 6 June 2022, Argentina has reported a total of 9,230,573 cases of COVID-19 or 20,423.53 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 128,889 cumulative deaths or 285.18 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 4 June 2022, 55.2% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
"text": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout Argentina; as of 18 August 2022, Argentina has reported a total of 9,633,732 cases of COVID-19 or 21,315.55 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 129,566 cumulative deaths or 286.67 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 17 August 2022, 91.07% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Waste and recycling": {
|
||||
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1291,7 +1291,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "250 Cyprus (UNFICYP) (May 2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military - note": {
|
||||
"text": "Argentina has Major Non-NATO Ally (MNNA) status with the US; MNNA is a designation under US law that provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense trade and security cooperation; while MNNA status provides military and economic privileges, it does not entail any security commitments (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "the Army and Navy were both created in 1810 during the Argentine War of Independence, while the Air Force was established in 1945; the military coups d'état in 1930, 1943, 1955, 1962, 1966, and 1976; the 1976 coup, aka the \"National Reorganization Process,\" marked the beginning of the so-called \"Dirty War,\" a period of state-sponsored terrorism that saw the deaths or disappearances of thousands of Argentinians; the defeat in the 1983 Falklands War led to the downfall of the military junta<br><br>Argentina has Major Non-NATO Ally (MNNA) status with the US; MNNA is a designation under US law that provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense trade and security cooperation; while MNNA status provides military and economic privileges, it does not entail any security commitments (2022)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Terrorism": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -350,7 +350,7 @@
|
|||
"water contact diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "schistosomiasis"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout Brazil; as of 6 June 2022, Brazil has reported a total of 31,060,017 cases of COVID-19 or 14,612.39 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 666,801 cumulative deaths or a rate 313.7 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 5 June 2022, 86.02% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout Brazil; as of 18 August 2022, Brazil has reported a total of 34,201,280 cases of COVID-19 or 16,090.22 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 681,763 cumulative deaths or a rate 320.74 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 17 August 2022, 86.79% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
|
||||
"text": "22.1% (2016)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -486,7 +486,7 @@
|
|||
"water contact diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "schistosomiasis"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout Brazil; as of 6 June 2022, Brazil has reported a total of 31,060,017 cases of COVID-19 or 14,612.39 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 666,801 cumulative deaths or a rate 313.7 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 5 June 2022, 86.02% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout Brazil; as of 18 August 2022, Brazil has reported a total of 34,201,280 cases of COVID-19 or 16,090.22 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 681,763 cumulative deaths or a rate 320.74 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 17 August 2022, 86.79% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Waste and recycling": {
|
||||
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -649,7 +649,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Political parties and leaders": {
|
||||
"text": "<p>Act (Agir) [Daniel TOURINHO] (formerly Christian Labor Party or PTC)<br>Avante [Luis Henrique de Oliveira RESENDE] (formerly Labor Party of Brazil or PTdoB) <br>Brazilian Communist Party or PCB [Astrogildo PEREIRA]<br>Brazilian Democratic Movement or MDB [Luiz Felipe Baleia TENUTO Rossi]<br>Brazilian Labor Party or PTB [Kassyo Santos RAMOS]<br>Brazilian Renewal Labor Party or PRTB [Aiceia RODRIGUES and Hamilton MOURAO]<br>Brazilian Social Democracy Party or PSDB [Bruno ARAUJO]<br>Brazilian Socialist Party or PSB [Carlos Roberto SIQUEIRA de Barros]<br>Christian Democracy or DC [Jose Maria EYMAEL] (formerly Christian Social <br>Cidadania [Roberto Joao Pereira FREIRE] (formerly Popular Socialist Party or PPS)<br>Communist Party of Brazil or PCdoB [Luciana SANTOS]<br>Democratic Labor Party or PDT [Carlos LUPI]<br>Democratic Party or PSDC<br>Democrats or DEM [Jose AGRIPINO] (formerly Liberal Front Party or PFL); note - dissolved in February 2022<br>Green Party or PV [Jose Luiz PENNA]<br>Liberal Party or PL [Luciano BIVAR and Antonio de RUEDA] (formerly Party of the Republic or PR)<br>National Mobilization Party or PMN [Antonio Carlos Bosco MASSAROLLO]<br>New Party or NOVO [Eduardo RIBEIRO]<br>Patriota [Adilson BAROSSO Oliveira] (formerly National Ecologic Party or PEN)<br>Podemos [Renata ABREU] (formerly National Labor Party or PTN) <br>Progressive Party or PP [Ciro NOGUEIRA]<br>Republican Social Order Party or PROS [Euripedes JUNIOR]<br>Republicans (Republicanos) [Marcos Antonio PEREIRA] (formerly Brazilian Republican Party or PRB)<br>Social Christian Party or PSC [Everaldo Dias PEREIRA]<br>Social Democratic Party or PSD [Alfredo COATIT Neto]<br>Social Liberal Party or PSL [Luciano Caldas BIVAR]<br>Socialism and Freedom Party or PSOL [Juliano MEDEIROS]<br>Solidarity or SD [Paulinho DA FORCA]<br>Sustainability Network or REDE [Marina SILVA]<br>United Socialist Workers' Party or PSTU [Jose Maria DE ALMEIDA]<br>Workers' Cause Party or PCO [Rui Costa PIMENTA]<br>Workers' Party or PT [Gleisi HOFFMANN]</p>"
|
||||
"text": "<p>Act (Agir) [Daniel TOURINHO] (formerly Christian Labor Party or PTC)<br>Avante [Luis Henrique de Oliveira RESENDE] (formerly Labor Party of Brazil or PTdoB)<br>Brazil Union (Uniao Brasil); note - founded from a merger between the Democrats (DEM) and the Social Liberal Party (PSL) <br>Brazilian Communist Party or PCB [Astrogildo PEREIRA]<br>Brazilian Democratic Movement or MDB [Luiz Felipe Baleia TENUTO Rossi]<br>Brazilian Labor Party or PTB [Kassyo Santos RAMOS]<br>Brazilian Renewal Labor Party or PRTB [Aiceia RODRIGUES and Hamilton MOURAO]<br>Brazilian Social Democracy Party or PSDB [Bruno ARAUJO]<br>Brazilian Socialist Party or PSB [Carlos Roberto SIQUEIRA de Barros]<br>Christian Democracy or DC [Jose Maria EYMAEL] (formerly Christian Social <br>Cidadania [Roberto Joao Pereira FREIRE] (formerly Popular Socialist Party or PPS)<br>Communist Party of Brazil or PCdoB [Luciana SANTOS]<br>Democratic Labor Party or PDT [Carlos LUPI]<br>Democratic Party or PSDC<br>Democrats or DEM [Jose AGRIPINO] (formerly Liberal Front Party or PFL); note - dissolved in February 2022<br>Green Party or PV [Jose Luiz PENNA]<br>Liberal Party or PL [Luciano BIVAR and Antonio de RUEDA] (formerly Party of the Republic or PR)<br>National Mobilization Party or PMN [Antonio Carlos Bosco MASSAROLLO]<br>New Party or NOVO [Eduardo RIBEIRO]<br>Patriota [Adilson BAROSSO Oliveira] (formerly National Ecologic Party or PEN)<br>Podemos [Renata ABREU] (formerly National Labor Party or PTN) <br>Progressive Party or PP [Ciro NOGUEIRA]<br>Republican Social Order Party or PROS [Euripedes JUNIOR]<br>Republicans (Republicanos) [Marcos Antonio PEREIRA] (formerly Brazilian Republican Party or PRB)<br>Social Christian Party or PSC [Everaldo Dias PEREIRA]<br>Social Democratic Party or PSD [Alfredo COATIT Neto]<br>Social Liberal Party or PSL [Luciano Caldas BIVAR]<br>Socialism and Freedom Party or PSOL [Juliano MEDEIROS]<br>Solidarity or SD [Paulinho DA FORCA]<br>Sustainability Network or REDE [Marina SILVA]<br>United Socialist Workers' Party or PSTU [Jose Maria DE ALMEIDA]<br>Workers' Cause Party or PCO [Rui Costa PIMENTA]<br>Workers' Party or PT [Gleisi HOFFMANN]</p>"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"International organization participation": {
|
||||
"text": "AfDB (nonregional member), BIS, BRICS, CAN (associate), CD, CELAC, CPLP, FAO, FATF, G-15, G-20, G-24, G-5, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAES, LAIA, LAS (observer), Mercosur, MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSTAH, MONUSCO, NAM (observer), NSG, OAS, OECD (enhanced engagement), OPANAL, OPCW, Paris Club (associate), PCA, PROSUR, SICA (observer), UN, UNASUR, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNIFIL, Union Latina, UNISFA, UNITAR, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNOCI, UNRWA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -598,7 +598,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Political parties and leaders": {
|
||||
"text": "Approve Dignity (Apruebo Dignidad) coalition or AD (includes PC, FA, and FREVS) [Gabriel BORIC]<br>Broad Front Coalition (Frente Amplio) or FA (includes RD, CS, and Comunes) [Gonzalo WINTER]<br>Broad Social Movement of Leftist Citizens (includes former MAS and Izquierda Ciudadana) [Fernando ZAMORANO]<br>Chile We Can Do More or ChP+ [Sebastian SICHEL] (coalition includes EVOPOLI, PRI, RN, UDI)<br>Christian Conservative Party or PCC [Antaris VARELA]<br>Christian Democratic Party or PDC [Carmen FREI Ruiz-Tagle]<br>Christian Social Front or FSC [Jose Antonio KAST] (includes PCC, PLR)<br>Citizens or CIU [María Ignacia GOMEZ Martinez]<br>Commons (Comunes) [Jorge RAMIREZ] <br>Communist Party of Chile or PCCh [Guillermo TEILLIER del Valle]<br>Democratic Revolution or RD [Margarita PORTUGUEZ]<br>Green Ecological Party or PEV [Felix GONZALEZ] (dissolved 7 February 2022)<br>Humanist Party or PH [Octavio GONZALEZ]<br>Independent Democratic Union or UDI [Javier MACAYA]<br>Independent Regionalist Democratic Party or PRI [Hugo ORTIZ de Filippi]<br>Liberal Party (Partido Liberal de Chile) or PL [Patricio MORALES]<br>National Renewal or RN [Francisco CHAHUAN]<br>New Social Pact or NPS [Yasna PROVOSTE] (includes PDC, PL, PPD, PRSD, PS)<br>Party for Democracy or PPD [Natalia PERGIENTILI Domenech]<br>Party of the People or PDG [Luz POBLETE Coddou]<br>Political Evolution or EVOPOLI [Andres MOLINA]<br>Radical Social Democratic Party or PRSD [Carlos MALDONADO Curti]<br>Republican Party or PLR [Rojo EDWARDS]<br>Social Convergence or CS [Alondra ARELLANO Hernandez]<br>Social Green Regionalist Federation or FREVS [Flavia TORREALBE Diaz]<br>Socialist Party or PS [Alvaro Antonio ELIZALDE Soto]<br>United Independents or IU [Cristian Alejandro CONTRERAS Radovic]"
|
||||
"text": "Approve Dignity (Apruebo Dignidad) coalition or AD (includes PC, FA, and FREVS) [Gabriel BORIC]<br>Broad Front Coalition (Frente Amplio) or FA (includes RD, CS, and Comunes) [Gonzalo WINTER]<br>Broad Social Movement of Leftist Citizens (includes former MAS and Izquierda Ciudadana) [Fernando ZAMORANO]<br>Chile We Can Do More or ChP+ [Sebastian SICHEL] (coalition includes EVOPOLI, PRI, RN, UDI)<br>Christian Conservative Party or PCC [Antaris VARELA]<br>Christian Democratic Party or PDC [Carmen FREI Ruiz-Tagle]<br>Christian Social Front or FSC [Jose Antonio KAST] (includes PCC, PLR)<br>Citizens or CIU [María Ignacia GOMEZ Martinez]<br>Commons (Comunes) [Jorge RAMIREZ] <br>Communist Party of Chile or PCCh [Guillermo TEILLIER del Valle]<br>Democratic Revolution or RD [Margarita PORTUGUEZ]<br>Green Ecological Party or PEV [Felix GONZALEZ] (dissolved 7 February 2022)<br>Humanist Party or PH [Octavio GONZALEZ]<br>Independent Democratic Union or UDI [Javier MACAYA]<br>Independent Regionalist Democratic Party or PRI [Hugo ORTIZ de Filippi]<br>Liberal Party (Partido Liberal de Chile) or PL [Patricio MORALES]<br>National Renewal or RN [Francisco CHAHUAN]<br>New Social Pact or NPS [Yasna PROVOSTE] (includes PDC, PL, PPD, PRSD, PS)<br>Party for Democracy or PPD [Natalia PERGIENTILI Domenech]<br>Party of the People or PDG [Franco Aldo PARISI Fernandez]<br>Political Evolution or EVOPOLI [Luz POBLETE Coddou]<br>Radical Social Democratic Party or PRSD [Carlos MALDONADO Curti]<br>Republican Party or PLR [Rojo EDWARDS]<br>Social Convergence or CS [Alondra ARELLANO Hernandez]<br>Social Green Regionalist Federation or FREVS [Flavia TORREALBA Diaz]<br>Socialist Party or PS [Alvaro Antonio ELIZALDE Soto]<br>United Independents or IU [Cristian Alejandro CONTRERAS Radovic]"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"International organization participation": {
|
||||
"text": "APEC, BIS, CAN (associate), CD, CELAC, FAO, G-15, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAES, LAIA, Mercosur (associate), MIGA, MINUSTAH, NAM, OAS, OECD (enhanced engagement), OPANAL, OPCW, Pacific Alliance, PCA, PROSUR, SICA (observer), UN, UNASUR, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNMOGIP, UNTSO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -339,7 +339,7 @@
|
|||
"vectorborne diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "dengue fever, malaria, and yellow fever"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout Colombia; as of 6 June 2022, Columbia has reported a total of 6,103,455 cases of COVID-19 or 11,995.1 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 139,854 cumulative deaths or a rate 274.85 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 13 May 2022, 82.35% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout Colombia; as of 18 August 2022, Columbia has reported a total of 6,286,392 cases of COVID-19 or 12,354.62 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 141,287 cumulative deaths or a rate 277.67 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 29 July 2022, 82.64% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
|
||||
"text": "22.3% (2016)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -472,7 +472,7 @@
|
|||
"vectorborne diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "dengue fever, malaria, and yellow fever"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout Colombia; as of 6 June 2022, Columbia has reported a total of 6,103,455 cases of COVID-19 or 11,995.1 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 139,854 cumulative deaths or a rate 274.85 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 13 May 2022, 82.35% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout Colombia; as of 18 August 2022, Columbia has reported a total of 6,286,392 cases of COVID-19 or 12,354.62 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 141,287 cumulative deaths or a rate 277.67 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 29 July 2022, 82.64% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Waste and recycling": {
|
||||
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -598,7 +598,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed for a single 4-year term; election last held on 29 May 2022 with a runoff held on 19 June 2022 (next to be held on 31 May 2026); note - political reform in 2015 eliminated presidential reelection"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "<em><br>2022:</em> Gustavo Francisco PETRO Urrego elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Gustavo Francisco PETRO Urrego (PHxC) 40.3%, Rodolfo HERNANDEZ Suarez (LIGA) 28.2%, Federico GUTIERREZ (Team for Colombia / CREEMOS) 23.9%, other 7.6%; percent of vote in second round - Gustavo Francisco PETRO Urrego (PHxC) 50.4%, Rodolfo HERNANDEZ Suarez (LIGA) 47.3%<br><em><br>2018:</em> Ivan DUQUE Marquez elected president in second round; percent of vote - Ivan DUQUE Marquez (CD) 54%, Gustavo PETRO (Humane Colombia) 41.8%, other/blank/invalid 4.2%<br><em><br>2014:</em> Juan Manuel SANTOS Calderon reelected president in second round; percent of vote - Juan Manuel SANTOS Calderon (U Party) 51%, Oscar Ivan ZULUAGA (CD) 45%, other 4%"
|
||||
"text": "<em><br>2022:</em> Gustavo Francisco PETRO Urrego elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Gustavo Francisco PETRO Urrego (PHxC) 40.3%, Rodolfo HERNANDEZ Suarez (LIGA) 28.2%, Federico GUTIERREZ (Team for Colombia / CREEMOS) 23.9%, other 7.6%; percent of vote in second round - Gustavo Francisco PETRO Urrego (PHxC) 50.4%, Rodolfo HERNANDEZ Suarez (LIGA) 47.3%<br><em><br>2018:</em> Ivan DUQUE Marquez elected president in second round; percent of vote - Ivan DUQUE Marquez (CD) 54%, Gustavo PETRO (Humane Colombia) 41.8%, other/blank/invalid 4.2%"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Legislative branch": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1260,7 +1260,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Military and Security": {
|
||||
"Military and security forces": {
|
||||
"text": "Military Forces of Colombia (Fuerzas Militares de Colombia<em lang=\"es\">)</em>: National Army (Ejercito Nacional), Republic of Colombia Navy (Armada Republica de Colombia, ARC; includes Coast Guard), Colombian Air Force (Fuerza Aerea de Colombia, FAC); Colombian National Police (civilian force that is under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Defense) (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "Military Forces of Colombia (Fuerzas Militares de Colombia<em lang=\"es\">)</em>: National Army (Ejercito Nacional), Republic of Colombia Navy (Armada Republica de Colombia, ARC; includes Coast Guard), Colombian Air Force (Fuerza Aerea de Colombia, FAC); Colombian National Police (PNC; civilian force that is under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Defense) (2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military expenditures": {
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2021": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -620,7 +620,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Political parties and leaders": {
|
||||
"text": "Avanza Party or AVANZA [Ramiro GONZALEZ]<br>Central Democratic Movement or CD [Jimmy JAIRALA]<br>Citizen Revolution Movement or MRC [Marcela AGUINAGA]<br>Creating Opportunities Movement or CREO [Guillermo LASSO]<br>Democratic Left or ID<br>Forward Ecuador Movement [Alvaro NOBOA]<br>Pachakutik Plurinational Unity Movement or MUPP [Marlon Rene SANTI Gualinga]<br>Patriotic Society Party or PSP [Gilmar GUTIERREZ Borbua]<br>Popular Democracy Movement or MPD [Luis VILLACIS]<br>Social Christian Party or PSC [Alfredo SERRANO]<br>Socialist Party [Gustavo VALLEJO] <br>Society United for More Action or SUMA [Guillermo CELI]"
|
||||
"text": "Avanza Party or AVANZA [Javier ORTI Torres]<br>Central Democratic Movement or CD [Jimmy JAIRALA]<br>Citizen Revolution Movement or MRC or RC5 [Rafael CORREA]<br>Creating Opportunities Movement or CREO [Guillermo LASSO]<br>Democratic Left or ID [Rodrigo BORJA Cevallos]<br>Forward Ecuador Movement [Alvaro NOBOA]<br>Pachakutik Plurinational Unity Movement or MUPP [Marlon Rene SANTI Gualinga]<br>Patriotic Society Party or PSP [Gilmar GUTIERREZ Borbua]<br>Popular Democracy Movement or MPD [Luis VILLACIS]<br>Social Christian Party or PSC [Jaime NEBOT Saadi]<br>Socialist Party [Gustavo VALLEJO] <br>Society United for More Action or SUMA [Guillermo CELI]"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"International organization participation": {
|
||||
"text": "CAN, CD, CELAC, FAO, G-11, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAES, LAIA, Mercosur (associate), MIGA, MINUSTAH, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, OPEC, Pacific Alliance (observer), PCA, PROSUR, SICA (observer), UN, UNAMID, UNASUR, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNISFA, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1205,7 +1205,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Military and Security": {
|
||||
"Military and security forces": {
|
||||
"text": "Armed Forces Command (Commando de las Fuerzas Militares): Army (Ejercito), Navy (Armada, includes marines), Air Force (Fuerza Aerea)<br><br>Ministry of Internal Affairs: the National Police of Paraguay includes the Special Police Operations Force (<em>Fuerza de Operaciones Policiales Especiales)</em> (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "Armed Forces Command (Commando de las Fuerzas Militares): Army (Ejercito), Navy (Armada, includes marines), Air Force (Fuerza Aerea)<br><br>Ministry of Internal Affairs: the National Police of Paraguay includes the Special Police Operations Force (Fuerza de Operaciones Policiales Especiales<em>)</em> (2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military expenditures": {
|
||||
"Military Expenditures 2021": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
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