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26
africa/ag.json
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@ -480,7 +480,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> name derives from the Arabic \"al-Jazair\" meaning \"the islands\" and refers to the four islands formerly off the coast but joined to the mainland since 1525"
"etymology": {
"text": "name derives from the Arabic \"al-Jazair\" meaning \"the islands\" and refers to the four islands formerly off the coast but joined to the mainland since 1525"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "58 provinces (wilayas, singular - wilaya); Adrar, Ain Defla, Ain Temouchent, Alger, Annaba, Batna, Bechar, Bejaia, Beni Abbes, Biskra, Blida, Bordj Badji Mokhtar, Bordj Bou Arreridj, Bouira, Boumerdes, Chlef, Constantine, Djanet, Djelfa, El Bayadh, El Meghaier, El Meniaa, El Oued, El Tarf, Ghardaia, Guelma, Illizi, In Guezzam, In Salah, Jijel, Khenchela, Laghouat, Mascara, Medea, Mila, Mostaganem, M'Sila, Naama, Oran, Ouargla, Ouled Djellal, Oum el Bouaghi, Relizane, Saida, Setif, Sidi Bel Abbes, Skikda, Souk Ahras, Tamanrasset, Tebessa, Tiaret, Timimoun, Tindouf, Tipaza, Tissemsilt, Tizi Ouzou, Tlemcen, Touggourt"
@ -522,17 +524,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>Council of the Nation (upper house with 144 seats; one-third of members appointed by the president, two-thirds indirectly elected by simple majority vote by an electoral college composed of local council members; members serve 6-year terms with one-half of the membership renewed every 3 years)<br>National People's Assembly (lower house with 407 seats including 8 seats for Algerian diaspora); members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by open-list proportional representation vote to serve 5-year terms); note - in March 2021, President TEBBOUNE ordered the number of Assembly seats be reduced to 407 from 462"
},
"elections": {
"text": "<br>Council of the Nation - last held on 29 December 2018 (next to be held in December 2021)<br>National People's Assembly - snap election held on 12 June 2021 (next to be held on 12 June 2026)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<br>Council of the Nation - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 137, women 7, percent of women 5%,<br>National People's Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - FLN 98, MSP 65, RND 58, EL Mostakbel 48, Movement of National Construction 39, other 15, independent 84; composition - men 373, women 34, percent of women 8.4%; note - total Parliament percent of women 7.4%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Abdelmadjid TEBBOUNE (since 12 December 2019)"
@ -550,6 +541,17 @@
"text": "Abdelmadjid TEBBOUNE (NLF) 58.1%, Abdelkader BENGRINA (Movement of National Construction) 17.4%, Ali BENFLIS (Vanguard of Freedoms) 10.6%, Azzedine MIHOUBI (RND) 7.3%, Abdelaziz BELAID (Future Front) 6.7%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>Council of the Nation (upper house with 144 seats; one-third of members appointed by the president, two-thirds indirectly elected by simple majority vote by an electoral college composed of local council members; members serve 6-year terms with one-half of the membership renewed every 3 years)<br>National People's Assembly (lower house with 407 seats including 8 seats for Algerian diaspora); members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by open-list proportional representation vote to serve 5-year terms); note - in March 2021, President TEBBOUNE ordered the number of Assembly seats be reduced to 407 from 462"
},
"elections": {
"text": "<br>Council of the Nation - last held on 29 December 2018 (next to be held in December 2021)<br>National People's Assembly - snap election held on 12 June 2021 (next to be held on 12 June 2026)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<br>Council of the Nation - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 137, women 7, percent of women 5%,<br>National People's Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - FLN 98, MSP 65, RND 58, EL Mostakbel 48, Movement of National Construction 39, other 15, independent 84; composition - men 373, women 34, percent of women 8.4%; note - total Parliament percent of women 7.4%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court or Cour Suprême, (consists of 150 judges organized into 8 chambers: Civil, Commercial and Maritime, Criminal, House of Offenses and Contraventions, House of Petitions, Land, Personal Status, and Social; Constitutional Council (consists of 12 members including the court chairman and deputy chairman); note - Algeria's judicial system does not include sharia courts"

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africa/ao.json
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@ -504,7 +504,10 @@
"daylight saving time": {
"text": "does not observe daylight savings time"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> originally named \"Sao Paulo da Assuncao de Loanda\" (Saint Paul of the Assumption of Loanda), which over time was shortened and corrupted to just Luanda"
"etymology": {
"text": "originally named \"Sao Paulo da Assuncao de Loanda\" (Saint Paul of the Assumption of Loanda), which over time was shortened and corrupted to just Luanda"
},
"note": "&nbsp;"
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "18 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia); Bengo, Benguela, Bie, Cabinda, Cuando Cubango, Cuanza-Norte, Cuanza-Sul, Cunene, Huambo, Huila, Luanda, Lunda-Norte, Lunda-Sul, Malanje, Moxico, Namibe, Uige, Zaire"
@ -546,17 +549,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National Assembly or Assembleia Nacional (220 seats; members directly elected in a single national constituency and in multi-seat constituencies by closed list proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 23 August 2017 (next to be held in August 2022)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - MPLA 61.1%, UNITA 26.7%, CASA-CE 9.5%, PRS 1.4%, FNLA 0.9%, other 0.5%; seats by party - MPLA 150, UNITA 51, CASA-CE 16, PRS 2, FNLA 1; composition - men 136, women 84, percent of women 38.2%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Joao Manuel Goncalves LOURENCO (since 26 September 2017); Vice President Bornito De Sousa Baltazar DIOGO (since 26 September 2017); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government"
@ -574,6 +566,17 @@
"text": "Joao Manuel Goncalves LOURENCO (MPLA) elected president by the winning party following the 23 August 2017 general election"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National Assembly or Assembleia Nacional (220 seats; members directly elected in a single national constituency and in multi-seat constituencies by closed list proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 23 August 2017 (next to be held in August 2022)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - MPLA 61.1%, UNITA 26.7%, CASA-CE 9.5%, PRS 1.4%, FNLA 0.9%, other 0.5%; seats by party - MPLA 150, UNITA 51, CASA-CE 16, PRS 2, FNLA 1; composition - men 136, women 84, percent of women 38.2%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court or Supremo Tribunal de Justica (consists of the court president, vice president, and a minimum of 16 judges); Constitutional Court or Tribunal Constitucional (consists of 11 judges)"
@ -1151,6 +1154,9 @@
"text": "Angolan Armed Forces (Forcas Armadas Angolanas, FAA): Army, Navy (Marinha de Guerra Angola, MGA), Angolan National Air Force (Forca Aerea Nacional Angolana, FANA; under operational control of the Army); Rapid Reaction Police (paramilitary) (2021)"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
"text": "1.7% of GDP (2020 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
"text": "1.7% of GDP (2019)"
},
@ -1162,9 +1168,6 @@
},
"Military Expenditures 2016": {
"text": "3% of GDP (2016)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2015": {
"text": "3.5% of GDP (2015)"
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {

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africa/bc.json
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@ -489,7 +489,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> named after GABORONE (ca. 1825-1931), a revered kgosi (chief) of the Tlokwa tribe, part of the larger Tswana ethnic group"
"etymology": {
"text": "named after GABORONE (ca. 1825-1931), a revered kgosi (chief) of the Tlokwa tribe, part of the larger Tswana ethnic group"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "10 districts and 6 town councils*; Central, Chobe, Francistown*, Gaborone*, Ghanzi, Jwaneng*, Kgalagadi, Kgatleng, Kweneng, Lobatse*, North East, North West, Selebi-Phikwe*, South East, Southern, Sowa Town*"
@ -531,17 +533,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Parliament consists of the National Assembly (63 seats; 57 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote,&nbsp;4 nominated by the president and indirectly elected by simple majority vote by the rest of the National Assembly, and 2 ex-officio members - the president and attorney general; elected members serve 5-year terms); note - the House of Chiefs (Ntlo ya Dikgosi), an advisory body to the National Assembly, consists of 35 members - 8 hereditary chiefs from Botswana's principal tribes, 22 indirectly elected by the chiefs, and 5 appointed by the president; the House of Chiefs consults on issues including powers of chiefs, customary courts, customary law, tribal property, and constitutional amendments"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 23 October 2019 (next to be held in October 2024)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - BDP 52.7%, UDC 35.9%, BPF 4.4%, AP 5.1%, other 1.7%; seats by party - BDP 38, UDC 15, BPF 3, AP 1; composition - NA"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Mokgweetse Eric MASISI (since 1 April 2018); Vice President Slumber TSOGWANE (since 4 April 2018); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government"
@ -559,6 +550,17 @@
"text": "President Seretse Khama Ian KHAMA (since 1 April 2008) stepped down on 1 April 2018 having completed the constitutionally mandated 10-year term limit; upon his retirement, then Vice President MASISI became president; national elections held on 23 October 2019 gave MASISI'S BPD 38 seats in the National Assembly which then selected MASISI as President"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Parliament consists of the National Assembly (63 seats; 57 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote,&nbsp;4 nominated by the president and indirectly elected by simple majority vote by the rest of the National Assembly, and 2 ex-officio members - the president and attorney general; elected members serve 5-year terms); note - the House of Chiefs (Ntlo ya Dikgosi), an advisory body to the National Assembly, consists of 35 members - 8 hereditary chiefs from Botswana's principal tribes, 22 indirectly elected by the chiefs, and 5 appointed by the president; the House of Chiefs consults on issues including powers of chiefs, customary courts, customary law, tribal property, and constitutional amendments"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 23 October 2019 (next to be held in October 2024)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - BDP 52.7%, UDC 35.9%, BPF 4.4%, AP 5.1%, other 1.7%; seats by party - BDP 38, UDC 15, BPF 3, AP 1; composition - NA"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Court of Appeal, High Court (each consists of a chief justice and a number of other judges as prescribed by the Parliament)"
@ -1107,6 +1109,9 @@
"text": "Botswana Defence Force (BDF): Ground Forces Command, Air Arm Command, Defense Logistics Command (2021)"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
"text": "3% of GDP (2020 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
"text": "2.8% of GDP (2019)"
},
@ -1118,9 +1123,6 @@
},
"Military Expenditures 2016": {
"text": "3.4% of GDP (2016)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2015": {
"text": "2.7% of GDP (2015)"
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {

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africa/bn.json
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@ -516,7 +516,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "etymology: the name Porto-Novo is Portuguese for \"new port\"; Cotonou means \"by the river of death\" in the native Fon language"
"etymology": {
"text": "the name Porto-Novo is Portuguese for \"new port\"; Cotonou means \"by the river of death\" in the native Fon language"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "12 departments; Alibori, Atacora, Atlantique, Borgou, Collines, Couffo, Donga, Littoral, Mono, Oueme, Plateau, Zou"
@ -558,17 +560,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (83 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote; members serve 4-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 28 April 2019 (next to be held in April 2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - Union Progressiste 56.2%, Bloc Republicain 43.8%; seats by party - Union Progressiste 47, Bloc Republicain 36; composition - men 77, women 6, percent of women 7.2%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Patrice TALON (since 6 April 2016); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government"
@ -586,6 +577,17 @@
"text": "Patrice TALON elected to a second term; percent of vote - Patrice TALON (independent) 86.4%, Alassane SOUMANOU (FCBE) 11.3%, other 2.3%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (83 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote; members serve 4-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 28 April 2019 (next to be held in April 2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - Union Progressiste 56.2%, Bloc Republicain 43.8%; seats by party - Union Progressiste 47, Bloc Republicain 36; composition - men 77, women 6, percent of women 7.2%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court or Cour Supreme (consists of the chief justice and 16 justices organized into an administrative division, judicial chamber, and chamber of accounts); Constitutional Court or Cour Constitutionnelle (consists of 7 members, including the court president); High Court of Justice (consists of the Constitutional Court members, 6 members appointed by the National Assembly, and the Supreme Court president); note - jurisdiction of the High Court of Justice is limited to cases of high treason by the national president or members of the government while in office"
@ -1132,6 +1134,9 @@
"text": "Benin Armed Forces (Forces Armees Beninoises, FAB): Army, Navy, Air Force; Ministry of Interior and Public Security: Republican Police (Police Republicaine, DGPR) (2021)"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
"text": "0.5% of GDP (2020 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
"text": "0.7% of GDP (2019)"
},
@ -1143,9 +1148,6 @@
},
"Military Expenditures 2016": {
"text": "1.1% of GDP (2016)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2015": {
"text": "1.1% of GDP (2015)"
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
@ -1157,14 +1159,14 @@
"Military deployments": {
"text": "250 Mali (MINUSMA) (Jan 2021)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-35 years of age for selective compulsory and voluntary military service; a higher education diploma is required; both sexes are eligible for military service; conscript tour of duty - 18 months (2019)"
},
"Maritime threats": {
"text": "<p>the International Maritime Bureau reports the territorial and offshore waters in the Niger Delta and Gulf of Guinea remain a very high risk for piracy and armed robbery of ships; in 2020, there were 98 reported incidents of piracy and armed robbery at sea in the Gulf of Guinea region; although a 24% decrease from the total number of incidents in 2019, it included all three hijackings and 9 of 11 ships fired upon worldwide; while boarding and attempted boarding to steal valuables from ships and crews are the most common types of incidents, almost a third of all incidents involve a hijacking and/or kidnapping; in 2020, a record 130 crew members were kidnapped in 22 separate incidents in the Gulf of Guinea, representing 95% of kidnappings worldwide; approximately 51% of all incidents of piracy and armed robbery are taking place off Nigeria, which is a decrease from the 71% in 2019 and an indication pirates are traveling further to target vessels; Nigerian pirates are well armed and very aggressive, operating as far as 200 nm offshore; the Maritime Administration of the US Department of Transportation has issued a Maritime Advisory (2021-002 - Gulf of Guinea-Piracy/Armed Robbery/Kidnapping for Ransom) effective 9 January 2021, which states in part, \"Piracy, armed robbery, and kidnapping for ransom continue to serve as significant threats to US-flagged vessels transiting or operating in the Gulf of Guinea.”</p>"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "Benin participates in the Multinational Joint Task Force (MNJTF) against Boko Haram along with Cameroon, Chad, Niger, and Nigeria; the Benin military contingent is in charge of MNJTF garrison duties (2020)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-35 years of age for selective compulsory and voluntary military service; a higher education diploma is required; both sexes are eligible for military service; conscript tour of duty - 18 months (2019)"
}
},
"Terrorism": {

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africa/by.json
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@ -513,7 +513,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology: </strong>the naming origins for both Gitega and Bujumbura are obscure; Bujumbura's name prior to independence in 1962 was Usumbura"
"etymology": {
"text": "the naming origins for both Gitega and Bujumbura are obscure; Bujumbura's name prior to independence in 1962 was Usumbura"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "18 provinces; Bubanza, Bujumbura Mairie, Bujumbura Rural, Bururi, Cankuzo, Cibitoke, Gitega, Karuzi, Kayanza, Kirundo, Makamba, Muramvya, Muyinga, Mwaro, Ngozi, Rumonge, Rutana, Ruyigi"
@ -555,17 +557,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament or Parlement consists of:<br>Senate or Inama Nkenguzamateka (39 seats in the July 2020 election); 36 members indirectly elected by an electoral college of provincial councils using a three-round voting system, which requires a two-thirds majority vote in the first two rounds and simple majority vote for the two leading candidates in the final round; 3 seats reserved for Twas, and 30% of all votes reserved for women; members serve 5-year terms)<br>National Assembly or Inama Nshingamateka (123 seats in the May 2020 election; 100 members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote and 23 co-opted members; 60% of seats allocated to Hutu and 40% to Tutsi; 3 seats reserved for Twas; 30% of total seats reserved for women; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "<br>Senate - last held on 20 July 2020 (next to be held in 2025)<br>National Assembly - last held on 20 May 2020 (next to be held in 2025)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Senate - percent of vote by party - CNDD-FDD 87.2%, Twa 7.7%, CNL 2.6%, UPRONA 2.6%; seats by party - CNDD-FDD 34, CNL 1, UPRONA 1, Twa 3; composition - men 23, women 16, percent of women 37.2% <br>National Assembly - percent of vote by party - CNDD-FDD 70.9%, CNL 23.4%, UPRONA 2.5%, other (co-opted Twa) 3.2%; seats by party - CNDD-FDD 86, CNL 32, UPRONA 2, Twa 3; composition - men 76, women 47, percent of women 38.2%; note - total Parliament percent of women 38%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Evariste NDAYISHIMIYE (since 18 June 2020); Vice President Prosper BAZOMBANZA (since 24 June 2020); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government"
@ -583,6 +574,17 @@
"text": "Evariste NDAYISHIMIYE elected president; percent of vote - Evariste NDAYISHIMIYE (CNDD-FDD) 71.5%, Agathon RWASA (CNL) 25.2%, Gaston SINDIMWO (UPRONA) 1.7%, OTHER 1.6%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament or Parlement consists of:<br>Senate or Inama Nkenguzamateka (39 seats in the July 2020 election); 36 members indirectly elected by an electoral college of provincial councils using a three-round voting system, which requires a two-thirds majority vote in the first two rounds and simple majority vote for the two leading candidates in the final round; 3 seats reserved for Twas, and 30% of all votes reserved for women; members serve 5-year terms)<br>National Assembly or Inama Nshingamateka (123 seats in the May 2020 election; 100 members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote and 23 co-opted members; 60% of seats allocated to Hutu and 40% to Tutsi; 3 seats reserved for Twas; 30% of total seats reserved for women; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "<br>Senate - last held on 20 July 2020 (next to be held in 2025)<br>National Assembly - last held on 20 May 2020 (next to be held in 2025)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Senate - percent of vote by party - CNDD-FDD 87.2%, Twa 7.7%, CNL 2.6%, UPRONA 2.6%; seats by party - CNDD-FDD 34, CNL 1, UPRONA 1, Twa 3; composition - men 23, women 16, percent of women 37.2% <br>National Assembly - percent of vote by party - CNDD-FDD 70.9%, CNL 23.4%, UPRONA 2.5%, other (co-opted Twa) 3.2%; seats by party - CNDD-FDD 86, CNL 32, UPRONA 2, Twa 3; composition - men 76, women 47, percent of women 38.2%; note - total Parliament percent of women 38%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court (consists of 9 judges and organized into judicial, administrative, and cassation chambers); Constitutional Court (consists of 7 members)"
@ -1095,6 +1097,9 @@
"text": "National Defense Forces (Forces de Defense Nationale, FDN): Army (includes maritime wing, air wing), National Police (Police Nationale du Burundi) (2020)"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
"text": "2.1% of GDP (2020 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
"text": "1.8% of GDP (2019)"
},
@ -1106,9 +1111,6 @@
},
"Military Expenditures 2016": {
"text": "2.2% of GDP (2016)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2015": {
"text": "2.1% of GDP (2015)"
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {

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africa/cd.json
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@ -512,7 +512,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "etymology: name taken from the Arab name of a nearby village, Nijamina, meaning \"place of rest\"&nbsp;"
"etymology": {
"text": "name taken from the Arab name of a nearby village, Nijamina, meaning \"place of rest\""
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "23 provinces (provinces, singular - province); Barh-El-Gazel, Batha, Borkou, Chari-Baguirmi, Ennedi-Est, Ennedi-Ouest, Guera, Hadjer-Lamis, Kanem, Lac, Logone Occidental, Logone Oriental, Mandoul, Mayo-Kebbi-Est, Mayo-Kebbi-Ouest, Moyen-Chari, N'Djamena, Ouaddai, Salamat, Sila, Tandjile, Tibesti, Wadi-Fira"
@ -554,18 +556,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National Assembly (188 seats; 163 directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote and 25 directly elected in single-seat constituencies by absolute majority vote with a second round if needed; members serve 4-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "<p>last held on 13 February and 6 May 2011 (next originally scheduled on 13 December 2020 but postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic)</p>"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - MPS 117, UNDR 10, RDP 9, RNDT/Le Reveil 8, URD 8, Viva-RNDP 5, FAR 4, CTPD 2, PDSA 2, PUR 2, UDR 2, other 19; composition - men 164, women 24, percent of women 12.8%"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the National Assembly mandate was extended to 2020, reportedly due to a lack of funding for the scheduled 2015 election; the MPS has held a majority in the NA since 1997"
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "Interim President Mahamat Idriss DEBY; note - on 20 April 2021, President Idriss DEBY Itno, Lt. Gen. died of injuries he sustained following clashes between government forces he was commanding and insurgents in the northern part of the country"
@ -583,6 +573,18 @@
"text": "Lt. Gen. Idriss DEBY Itno reelected president in first round; percent of vote - Lt. Gen. Idriss DEBY (MPS) 61.6%, Saleh KEBZABO (UNDR) 12.8%, Laokein Kourayo MEDAR (CTPD) 10.7%, Djimrangar DADNADJI (CAP-SUR) 5.1%, other 9.8%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National Assembly (188 seats; 163 directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote and 25 directly elected in single-seat constituencies by absolute majority vote with a second round if needed; members serve 4-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "<p>last held on 13 February and 6 May 2011 (next originally scheduled on 13 December 2020 but postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic)</p>"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - MPS 117, UNDR 10, RDP 9, RNDT/Le Reveil 8, URD 8, Viva-RNDP 5, FAR 4, CTPD 2, PDSA 2, PUR 2, UDR 2, other 19; composition - men 164, women 24, percent of women 12.8%"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the National Assembly mandate was extended to 2020, reportedly due to a lack of funding for the scheduled 2015 election; the MPS has held a majority in the NA since 1997"
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice, 3 chamber presidents, and 12 judges or councilors and divided into 3 chambers); Constitutional Council (consists of 3 judges and 6 jurists)"
@ -1104,8 +1106,11 @@
"note": "note(s): the GDSSIE, formerly known as the Republican Guard, is the presidential guard force and considered Chad's elite military unit; the Chadian Army also includes the Special Anti-Terrorist Group (SATG; aka Division of Special Anti-Terrorist Groups (DGSAT))"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
"text": "2.9% of GDP (2020 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
"text": "2.2% of GDP (2019 est.)"
"text": "2.2% of GDP (2019)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2018": {
"text": "2.3% of GDP (2018)"
@ -1115,9 +1120,6 @@
},
"Military Expenditures 2016": {
"text": "1.8% of GDP (2016)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2015": {
"text": "2% of GDP (2015)"
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
@ -1131,7 +1133,7 @@
"note": "note(s): Chad is part of a five-nation anti-jihadist task force known as the G5 Sahel Group, set up in 2014 with Burkina Faso, Mali, Mauritania, and Niger; Chad has committed 550 troops and 100 gendarmes to the force; in early 2020, G5 Sahel military chiefs of staff agreed to allow defense forces from each of the states to pursue terrorist fighters up to 100 km into neighboring countries; the G5 force is backed by the UN, US, and France; G5 troops periodically conduct joint operations with French forces deployed to the Sahel under Operation Barkhane; Chad hosts the headquarters of Operation Barkhane in N’Djamena<br><br>Chad has committed approximately 1,000-1,500 troops to the Multinational Joint Task Force (MNJTF) against Boko Haram; national MNJTF troop contingents are deployed within their own territories, although cross‐border operations are conducted periodically; in 2019, Chad sent more than 1,000 troops to Nigeria’s Borno State to fight BH as part of the MNJTF mission"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the ANT is chiefly focused on counterinsurgency/counter-terrorist operations against Boko Haram (BH) and the Islamic State in West Africa (ISWA) in the Lake Chad Basin area (primarily the Lac Province) and countering the terrorist threat in the Sahel; in 2020, it conducted a large military operation against BH in the Lake Chad region; that same year, Chad sent troops to the tri-border area with Burkina Faso, Mali, and Niger to combat ISWA militants (it also contributes a large force to the UN MINUSCA mission in Mali); the ANT&nbsp; has frequently conducted counter-insurgency operations (COIN) against internal anti-government militias and armed dissident groups"
"text": "the ANT is chiefly focused on counterinsurgency/counter-terrorist operations against Boko Haram (BH) and the Islamic State in West Africa (ISWA) in the Lake Chad Basin area (primarily the Lac Province) and countering the terrorist threat in the Sahel; in 2020, it conducted a large military operation against BH in the Lake Chad region; that same year, Chad sent troops to the tri-border area with Burkina Faso, Mali, and Niger to combat ISWA militants (it also contributes a large force to the UN MINUSCA mission in Mali); the ANT has frequently conducted counter-insurgency operations against internal anti-government militias and armed dissident groups"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "20 is the legal minimum age for compulsory military service, with a 3-year service obligation; 18 is the legal minimum age for voluntary service; no minimum age restriction for volunteers with consent from a parent or guardian; women are subject to 1 year of compulsory military or civic service at age 21 (2019)"

29
africa/cf.json
View file

@ -512,7 +512,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> named after the Italian-born French explorer and humanitarian, Pierre Savorgnan de BRAZZA (1852-1905), who promoted French colonial interests in central Africa and worked against slavery and the abuse of African laborers"
"etymology": {
"text": "named after the Italian-born French explorer and humanitarian, Pierre Savorgnan de BRAZZA (1852-1905), who promoted French colonial interests in central Africa and worked against slavery and the abuse of African laborers"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "12 departments (departments, singular - department); Bouenza, Brazzaville, Cuvette, Cuvette-Ouest, Kouilou, Lekoumou, Likouala, Niari, Plateaux, Pointe-Noire, Pool, Sangha"
@ -554,17 +556,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament or Parlement consists of:<br>Senate (72 seats; members indirectly elected by regional councils by simple majority vote to serve 6-year terms with one-half of membership renewed every 3 years)<br> National Assembly (151 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "<strong> </strong><br> Senate - last held on 31 August 2017 for expiry of half the seats (next to be held in 2020)<br> National Assembly - last held on 16 and 30 July 2017 (next to be held in July 2022)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<strong> </strong><br> Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PCT 46, independent 12, MAR 2, RDPS 2, UPADS 2, DRD 1, FP 1, MCDDI 1, PRL 1, Pulp 1, PUR 1, RC 1; composition - men 58, women 14, percent of women 19.4%<br> <br>National Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PCT 96, UPADS 8, MCDDI 4, other 23 (less than 4 seats) independent 20; composition - men 134, women 17, percent of women 11.3%; note - total Parliament percent of women 13.9%<br>"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Denis SASSOU-Nguesso (since 25 October 1997)"
@ -582,6 +573,17 @@
"text": "Denis SASSOU-Nguesso reelected president in the first round; percent of vote - Denis SASSOU-Nguesso (PCT) 88.4%, Guy Price Parfait KOLELAS (MCDDI) 8.0%, turnout is 67.6%."
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament or Parlement consists of:<br>Senate (72 seats; members indirectly elected by regional councils by simple majority vote to serve 6-year terms with one-half of membership renewed every 3 years)<br> National Assembly (151 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "<strong> </strong><br> Senate - last held on 31 August 2017 for expiry of half the seats (next to be held in 2020)<br> National Assembly - last held on 16 and 30 July 2017 (next to be held in July 2022)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<strong> </strong><br> Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PCT 46, independent 12, MAR 2, RDPS 2, UPADS 2, DRD 1, FP 1, MCDDI 1, PRL 1, Pulp 1, PUR 1, RC 1; composition - men 58, women 14, percent of women 19.4%<br> <br>National Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PCT 96, UPADS 8, MCDDI 4, other 23 (less than 4 seats) independent 20; composition - men 134, women 17, percent of women 11.3%; note - total Parliament percent of women 13.9%<br>"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court or Cour Supreme (consists of NA judges); Constitutional Court (consists of 9 members); note - a High Court of Justice, outside the judicial authority, tries cases involving treason by the president of the republic"
@ -1141,6 +1143,9 @@
"text": "Congolese Armed Forces (Forces Armees Congolaises, FAC): Army (Armee de Terre), Navy, Congolese Air Force (Armee de l'Air Congolaise), Gendarmerie (2021)"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
"text": "3.2% of GDP (2020 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
"text": "2.7% of GDP (2019)"
},

39
africa/cg.json
View file

@ -525,7 +525,12 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>the DRC has two time zones<strong><br><br>etymology: </strong>founded as a trading post in 1881 and named Leopoldville in honor of King Leopold II of the Belgians, who controlled the Congo Free State, the vast central African territory that became the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 1960; in 1966, Leopoldville was renamed Kinshasa, after a village of that name that once stood near the site<strong> <br><br><br></strong>"
"time zone note": {
"text": "the DRC has two time zones"
},
"etymology": {
"text": "founded as a trading post in 1881 and named Leopoldville in honor of King Leopold II of the Belgians, who controlled the Congo Free State, the vast central African territory that became the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 1960; in 1966, Leopoldville was renamed Kinshasa, after a village of that name that once stood near the site"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "26 provinces (provinces, singular - province); Bas-Uele (Lower Uele), Equateur, Haut-Katanga (Upper Katanga), Haut-Lomami (Upper Lomami), Haut-Uele (Upper Uele), Ituri, Kasai, Kasai-Central, Kasai-Oriental (East Kasai), Kinshasa, Kongo Central, Kwango, Kwilu, Lomami, Lualaba, Mai-Ndombe, Maniema, Mongala, Nord-Kivu (North Kivu), Nord-Ubangi (North Ubangi), Sankuru, Sud-Kivu (South Kivu), Sud-Ubangi (South Ubangi), Tanganyika, Tshopo, Tshuapa"
@ -567,17 +572,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal and compulsory"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament or Parlement consists of:<br>Senate (108 seats; members indirectly elected by provincial assemblies by proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms)<br> <br>National Assembly (500 seats; 439 members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote and 61 directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "Senate - last held on 19 January 2007 (follow-on election has been delayed)<br> National Assembly - last held on 30 December 2018"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PPRD 22, MLC 14, FR 7, RCD 7, PDC 6, CDC 3, MSR 3, PALU 2, other 18, independent 26; composition - men 103, women 5, percent of women 4.6%<br><br> National Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PPRD 62, UDPS 41, PPPD 29, MSR 27, MLC 22, PALU 19, UNC 17, ARC 16, AFDC 15, ECT 11, RRC 11, other 214 (includes numerous political parties that won 10 or fewer seats and 2 constituencies where voting was halted), independent 16; composition - men 456, women 44, percent of women  8.8%; total Parliament percent of women 8.1%;note - the November 2011 election was marred by violence including the destruction of ballots in 2 constituencies resulting in the closure of polling sites; election results were delayed 3 months, strongly contested, and continue to be unresolved"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Felix TSHISEKEDI (since 24 January 2019)"
@ -595,6 +589,17 @@
"text": "Felix TSHISEKEDI elected president; percent of vote - Felix TSHISEKEDI (UDPS) 38.6%, Martin FAYULU (Lamuka coalition) 34.8%, Emmanuel Ramazani SHADARY (PPRD) 23.9%, other 2.7%; note - election marred by serious voting irregularities"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament or Parlement consists of:<br>Senate (108 seats; members indirectly elected by provincial assemblies by proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms)<br> <br>National Assembly (500 seats; 439 members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote and 61 directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "Senate - last held on 19 January 2007 (follow-on election has been delayed)<br> National Assembly - last held on 30 December 2018"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PPRD 22, MLC 14, FR 7, RCD 7, PDC 6, CDC 3, MSR 3, PALU 2, other 18, independent 26; composition - men 103, women 5, percent of women 4.6%<br><br> National Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PPRD 62, UDPS 41, PPPD 29, MSR 27, MLC 22, PALU 19, UNC 17, ARC 16, AFDC 15, ECT 11, RRC 11, other 214 (includes numerous political parties that won 10 or fewer seats and 2 constituencies where voting was halted), independent 16; composition - men 456, women 44, percent of women  8.8%; total Parliament percent of women 8.1%;note - the November 2011 election was marred by violence including the destruction of ballots in 2 constituencies resulting in the closure of polling sites; election results were delayed 3 months, strongly contested, and continue to be unresolved"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Court of Cassation or Cour de Cassation (consists of 26 justices and organized into legislative and judiciary sections); Constitutional Court (consists of 9 judges)"
@ -1166,6 +1171,9 @@
"note": "note - the Republican Guard is under the direct control of the president"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
"text": "0.6% of GDP (2020 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
"text": "0.7% of GDP (2019 est.)"
},
@ -1177,9 +1185,6 @@
},
"Military Expenditures 2016": {
"text": "1.3% of GDP (2016)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2015": {
"text": "1.4% of GDP (2015)"
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
@ -1189,7 +1194,7 @@
"text": "the FARDC is equipped mostly with a mix of second-hand Russian and Soviet-era weapons acquired from former Warsaw Pact nations; most equipment was acquired between 1970 and 2000; since 2010, Ukraine is the largest supplier of arms to the FARDC (2020)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>the modern FARDC was created out of the armed factions of the two Congo wars of 1996-1997 and 1998-2003; as part of the peace accords that ended the last war, the largest rebel groups were incorporated into the FARDC; many armed groups (at least 70 and by some recent estimates more than 100), however, continue to fight; as of late 2020, the FARDC was actively engaged in combat operations against numerous armed groups inside the country, particularly in the eastern provinces of Ituri, North Kivu, and South Kivu, although violence also continues in Maniema, Kasai, Kasai Central, and Tanganyika provinces; the military is widely assessed as being unable to provide adequate security throughout the country due to insufficient training, poor morale and leadership, ill-discipline and corruption, low equipment readiness, a fractious ethnic makeup, and the sheer size of the country and diversity of armed rebel groups</p> MONUSCO, the United Nations peacekeeping and stabilization force in the Democratic Republic of Congo, has operated in the central and eastern parts of the country since 1999; as of August 2021, MONUSCO comprised around 17,500 personnel, including about 14,500 military troops and 600 police; MONUSCO includes a Force Intervention Brigade (FIB; 3 infantry battalions), the first ever UN peacekeeping force specifically tasked to carry out targeted offensive operations to neutralize and disarm groups considered a threat to state authority and civilian security"
"text": "<p>the modern FARDC was created out of the armed factions of the two Congo wars of 1996-1997 and 1998-2003; as part of the peace accords that ended the last war, the largest rebel groups were incorporated into the FARDC; many armed groups (at least 70 and by some recent estimates more than 100), however, continue to fight; as of late 2020, the FARDC was actively engaged in combat operations against numerous armed groups inside the country, particularly in the eastern provinces of Ituri, North Kivu, and South Kivu, although violence also continues in Maniema, Kasai, Kasai Central, and Tanganyika provinces; the military is widely assessed as being unable to provide adequate security throughout the country due to insufficient training, poor morale and leadership, ill-discipline and corruption, low equipment readiness, a fractious ethnic makeup, and the sheer size of the country and diversity of armed rebel groups</p> <br>MONUSCO, the United Nations peacekeeping and stabilization force in the Democratic Republic of Congo, has operated in the central and eastern parts of the country since 1999; as of August 2021, MONUSCO comprised around 17,500 personnel, including about 14,500 military troops and 600 police; MONUSCO includes a Force Intervention Brigade (FIB; 3 infantry battalions, plus artillery and special forces), the first ever UN peacekeeping force specifically tasked to carry out targeted offensive operations to neutralize and disarm groups considered a threat to state authority and civilian security"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-45 years of age for voluntary and compulsory military service (2019)"
@ -1207,7 +1212,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "213,133 (Rwanda) (refugees and asylum seekers), 206,346 (Central African Republic), 55,819 (South Sudan) (refugees and asylum seekers), 42,725 (Burundi) (2021)"
"text": "213,133 (Rwanda) (refugees and asylum seekers), 206,346 (Central African Republic), 55,953 (South Sudan) (refugees and asylum seekers), 41,796 (Burundi) (2021)"
},
"IDPs": {
"text": "5.268 million (fighting between government forces and rebels since mid-1990s; conflict in Kasai region since 2016) (2020)"

32
africa/cm.json
View file

@ -529,7 +529,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology: </strong>founded as a German colonial settlement of Jaunde in 1888 and named after the local Yaunde (Ewondo) people"
"etymology": {
"text": "founded as a German colonial settlement of&nbsp;Jaunde in 1888 and named after the local Yaunde (Ewondo) people"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "10 regions (regions, singular - region); Adamaoua, Centre, East (Est), Far North (Extreme-Nord), Littoral, North (Nord), North-West (Nord-Ouest), West (Ouest), South (Sud), South-West (Sud-Ouest)"
@ -571,17 +573,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "20 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament or Parlement consists of:<br>Senate or Senat (100 seats; 70 members indirectly elected by regional councils and 30 appointed by the president; members serve 5-year terms)<br> National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (180 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "Senate - last held on 25 March 2018 (next to be held in 2023)<br> National Assembly - last held on 9 February 2020 (current term extended by President); note - the constitutional court has ordered a partial rerun of elections in the English speaking areas; date to be determined"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Senate - percent of vote by party - CDPM 81.1%, SDF 8.6%, UNDP 5.8%, UDC 1.16%, other 2.8%; seats by party - CPDM 63, SDF 7 <br>National Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - CPDM 139, UNDP 7, SDF 5, PCRN 5, UDC 4, FSNC 3, MDR 2, Union of Socialist Movements 2; 13 vacant; composition - NA"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Paul BIYA (since 6 November 1982)"
@ -599,6 +590,17 @@
"text": "Paul BIYA reelected president; percent of vote - Paul BIYA (CPDM) 71.3%, Maurice KAMTO (MRC) 14.2%, Cabral LIBII (Univers) 6.3%, other 8.2%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament or Parlement consists of:<br>Senate or Senat (100 seats; 70 members indirectly elected by regional councils and 30 appointed by the president; members serve 5-year terms)<br> National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (180 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "Senate - last held on 25 March 2018 (next to be held in 2023)<br> National Assembly - last held on 9 February 2020 (current term extended by President); note - the constitutional court has ordered a partial rerun of elections in the English speaking areas; date to be determined"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Senate - percent of vote by party - CDPM 81.1%, SDF 8.6%, UNDP 5.8%, UDC 1.16%, other 2.8%; seats by party - CPDM 63, SDF 7 <br>National Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - CPDM 139, UNDP 7, SDF 5, PCRN 5, UDC 4, FSNC 3, MDR 2, Union of Socialist Movements 2; 13 vacant; composition - NA"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court of Cameroon (consists of 9 titular and 6 surrogate judges and organized into judicial, administrative, and audit chambers); Constitutional Council (consists of 11 members)"
@ -1173,6 +1175,9 @@
"note": "note - the Rapid Intervention Battalion, a brigade-sized force comprised of several high-readiness land units, maintains its own command and control structure and reports directly to the President, rather than the Defense Minister"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
"text": "1% of GDP (2020 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
"text": "1.1% of GDP (2019)"
},
@ -1184,9 +1189,6 @@
},
"Military Expenditures 2016": {
"text": "1.3% of GDP (2016)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2015": {
"text": "1.3% of GDP (2015)"
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {

32
africa/cn.json
View file

@ -465,7 +465,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> Moroni derives from \"mroni,\" which means \"at the river\" in Shingazidja, the Comorian language spoken on Grande Comore (N'gazidja)"
"etymology": {
"text": "Moroni derives from \"mroni,\" which means \"at the river\" in Shingazidja, the Comorian language spoken on Grande Comore (N'gazidja)"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "3 islands; Anjouan (Ndzuwani), Grande Comore (N'gazidja), Moheli (Mwali)"
@ -508,17 +510,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Assembly of the Union (33 seats; 24 members directly elected by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed and 9 members indirectly elected by the 3 island assemblies; members serve 5-year terms) (2017)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on&nbsp;19 January 2020 with a runoff on 23&nbsp;February 2020 (next to be held in 2025) (2020)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "seats by party -1st round - Boycotting parties 16, Independent 3, CRC 2, RDC 2, RADHI 1, Orange party 0; note -  9 additional seats filled by the 3 island assemblies; 2nd round - CRC 20, Orange Party 2, Independents 2; composition as of 23 January 2020 men 20, women 4, percent of women 16.7%<br> <h3> </h3> (2019)"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President AZALI Assoumani (since 26 May 2016); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government; note - AZALI takes oath of office 2 June 2019 after 24 March 2019 reelection (2019)"
@ -536,6 +527,17 @@
"text": "AZALI Assoumani (CRC) elected president in first round; with a 59% of the vote; - AZALI Assoumani (CRC) 60.8%, Ahamada MAHAMOUDOU (PJ) 14.6%, and Mouigni Baraka Said SOILIHI (Independent) 5.6%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Assembly of the Union (33 seats; 24 members directly elected by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed and 9 members indirectly elected by the 3 island assemblies; members serve 5-year terms) (2017)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on&nbsp;19 January 2020 with a runoff on 23&nbsp;February 2020 (next to be held in 2025) (2020)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "seats by party -1st round - Boycotting parties 16, Independent 3, CRC 2, RDC 2, RADHI 1, Orange party 0; note -  9 additional seats filled by the 3 island assemblies; 2nd round - CRC 20, Orange Party 2, Independents 2; composition as of 23 January 2020 men 20, women 4, percent of women 16.7%<br> <h3> </h3> (2019)"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court or Cour Supreme (consists of 7 judges)"
@ -1036,11 +1038,11 @@
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the defense forces are lightly armed with a mix of equipment from a variety of countries, including France, Italy, Russia, and the US"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18 years of age for 2-year voluntary male and female military service; no conscription (2019)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the AND is limited in capabilities to performing search and rescue operations and maintaining internal security; a defense treaty with France provides naval resources for protection of territorial waters, training of Comoran military personnel, and air surveillance; France maintains a small maritime base and a Foreign Legion contingent on neighboring Mayotte"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18 years of age for 2-year voluntary male and female military service; no conscription (2019)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

32
africa/ct.json
View file

@ -502,7 +502,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> established as a French settlement in 1889 and named after its location on the northern bank of the Ubangi River; the Ubangi itself was named from the native word for the \"rapids\" located beside the outpost, which marked the end of navigable water north from from Brazzaville"
"etymology": {
"text": "established as a French settlement in 1889 and named after its location on the northern bank of the Ubangi River; the Ubangi itself was named from the native word for the \"rapids\" located beside the outpost, which marked the end of navigable water north from from Brazzaville"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "14 prefectures (prefectures, singular - prefecture), 2 economic prefectures* (prefectures economiques, singular - prefecture economique), and 1 commune**; Bamingui-Bangoran, Bangui**, Basse-Kotto, Haute-Kotto, Haut-Mbomou, Kemo, Lobaye, Mambere-Kadei, Mbomou, Nana-Grebizi*, Nana-Mambere, Ombella-Mpoko, Ouaka, Ouham, Ouham-Pende, Sangha-Mbaere*, Vakaga"
@ -544,17 +546,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (140 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by absolute majority vote with a second round if needed; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "first round last held on 27 December 2020; note - on election day, voting in many electoral areas was disrupted by armed groups; on 13 February 2021, President TOUADERA announced that a new first round of elections will be held on 27 February for those areas controlled by armed groups and and second round on 14 March"
},
"election results": {
"text": "December 2015 election: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UNDP 16, URCA 11, RDC 8, MLPC 10, KNK 7, other 28, independent 60; composition - men 129, women 11, percent of women 7.9%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Faustin-Archange TOUADERA (since 30 March 2016; reelected 27 December 2020)"
@ -573,6 +564,17 @@
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> rebel forces seized the capital in March 2013, forcing former President BOZIZE to flee the country; Interim President Michel DJOTODIA assumed the presidency, reinstated the prime minister, and established a National Transitional Council (CNT) in April 2013; the NTC elected Catherine SAMBA-PANZA interim president in January 2014 to serve until February 2015, when new elections were to be held; her term was extended because instability delayed new elections and the transition did not take place until the end of March 2016"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (140 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by absolute majority vote with a second round if needed; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "first round last held on 27 December 2020; note - on election day, voting in many electoral areas was disrupted by armed groups; on 13 February 2021, President TOUADERA announced that a new first round of elections will be held on 27 February for those areas controlled by armed groups and and second round on 14 March"
},
"election results": {
"text": "December 2015 election: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UNDP 16, URCA 11, RDC 8, MLPC 10, KNK 7, other 28, independent 60; composition - men 129, women 11, percent of women 7.9%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court or Cour Supreme (consists of NA judges); Constitutional Court (consists of 9 judges, at least 3 of whom are women)"
@ -1091,6 +1093,9 @@
"text": "Central African Armed Forces (Forces Armees Centrafricaines, FACA): Army (includes an air squadron, Escadrille Centrafricaine), General Directorate of Gendarmerie Inspection (DGIG); National Police (2020)"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
"text": "1.8% of GDP (2020 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
"text": "1.5% of GDP (2019 est.)"
},
@ -1102,9 +1107,6 @@
},
"Military Expenditures 2016": {
"text": "1.5% of GDP (2016 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2015": {
"text": "1.7% of GDP (2015 est.)"
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {

32
africa/cv.json
View file

@ -460,7 +460,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC-1 (4 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> the earlier Portuguese name was Villa de Praia (\"Village of the Beach\"); it became just Praia in 1974 (prior to full independence in 1975)"
"etymology": {
"text": "the earlier Portuguese name was Villa de Praia (\"Village of the Beach\"); it became just Praia in 1974 (prior to full independence in 1975)"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "22 municipalities (concelhos, singular - concelho); Boa Vista, Brava, Maio, Mosteiros, Paul, Porto Novo, Praia, Ribeira Brava, Ribeira Grande, Ribeira Grande de Santiago, Sal, Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina do Fogo, Santa Cruz, Sao Domingos, Sao Filipe, Sao Lourenco dos Orgaos, Sao Miguel, Sao Salvador do Mundo, Sao Vicente, Tarrafal, Tarrafal de Sao Nicolau"
@ -502,17 +504,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National Assembly or Assembleia Nacional (72 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 18 April 2021 (next to be held on 18 April 2026)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party Monument for Democracy 50.2%, African Party for Independence in Cape Verde 39.55%, Democratic and Independent Cape Verdean Union 9.0%; seats by party - MD 38, APICV 30, DICVU 4; composition - men 44, women 28, percent of women 37.5%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Jorge Carlos FONSECA (since 9 September 2011)"
@ -530,6 +521,17 @@
"text": "Jorge Carlos FONSECA reelected president; percent of vote - Jorge Carlos FONSECA (MPD) 74%, Albertino GRACA (independent) 23%, other 3%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National Assembly or Assembleia Nacional (72 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 18 April 2021 (next to be held on 18 April 2026)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party Monument for Democracy 50.2%, African Party for Independence in Cape Verde 39.55%, Democratic and Independent Cape Verdean Union 9.0%; seats by party - MD 38, APICV 30, DICVU 4; composition - men 44, women 28, percent of women 37.5%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court of Justice (consists of the chief justice and at least 7 judges and organized into civil, criminal, and administrative sections)"
@ -1055,6 +1057,9 @@
"text": "Cabo Verdean Armed Forces (FACV): Army (also called the National Guard, GN; includes a small air component), Cabo Verde Coast Guard (Guardia Costeira de Cabo Verde, GCCV) (2021)"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
"text": "0.6% of GDP (2020 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
"text": "0.5% of GDP (2019)"
},
@ -1066,9 +1071,6 @@
},
"Military Expenditures 2016": {
"text": "0.6% of GDP (2016)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2015": {
"text": "0.6% of GDP (2015)"
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {

26
africa/dj.json
View file

@ -484,7 +484,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> the origin of the name is disputed; multiple descriptions, possibilities, and theories have been proposed"
"etymology": {
"text": "the origin of the name is disputed; multiple descriptions, possibilities, and theories have been proposed"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "6 districts (cercles, singular - cercle); Ali Sabieh, Arta, Dikhil, Djibouti, Obock, Tadjourah"
@ -526,17 +528,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale, formerly the Chamber of Deputies (65 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by party-list proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 23 February 2018 (next to be held in February 2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UMP 57, UDJ-PDD 7, CDU 1; composition - men 47, women 18, percent of women 26.7%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Ismail Omar GUELLEH (since 8 May 1999)"
@ -554,6 +545,17 @@
"text": "Ismail Omar GUELLEH reelected president for a fifth term; percent of vote - Ismail Omar GUELLEH (RPP) 97.4%, Zakaria Ismael FARAH (MDEND) 2.7%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale, formerly the Chamber of Deputies (65 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by party-list proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 23 February 2018 (next to be held in February 2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UMP 57, UDJ-PDD 7, CDU 1; composition - men 47, women 18, percent of women 26.7%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court or Cour Supreme (consists of NA magistrates); Constitutional Council (consists of 6 magistrates)"

28
africa/eg.json
View file

@ -507,7 +507,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> from the Arabic \"al-Qahira,\" meaning \"the victorious\""
"etymology": {
"text": "from the Arabic \"al-Qahira,\" meaning \"the victorious\""
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "27 governorates (muhafazat, singular - muhafazat); Ad Daqahliyah, Al Bahr al Ahmar (Red Sea), Al Buhayrah, Al Fayyum, Al Gharbiyah, Al Iskandariyah (Alexandria), Al Isma'iliyah (Ismailia), Al Jizah (Giza), Al Minufiyah, Al Minya, Al Qahirah (Cairo), Al Qalyubiyah, Al Uqsur (Luxor), Al Wadi al Jadid (New Valley), As Suways (Suez), Ash Sharqiyah, Aswan, Asyut, Bani Suwayf, Bur Sa'id (Port Said), Dumyat (Damietta), Janub Sina' (South Sinai), Kafr ash Shaykh, Matruh, Qina, Shamal Sina' (North Sinai), Suhaj"
@ -549,17 +551,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal and compulsory"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>Senate (Majlis Al-Shiyoukh) (300 seats; 100 members elected in single seat constituencies, 100 elected by closed party-list system, and 100 appointed by the president; note - the upper house, previously the Shura Council, was eliminated in the 2014 constitution, reestablished as the Senate, following passage in a 2019 constitutional referendum and approved by the House of Representatives in June 2020 <br>House of Representatives (Majlis Al-Nowaab) (596 seats; 448 members directly elected by individual candidacy system, 120 members - with quotas for women, youth, Christians and workers - elected in party-list constituencies by simple majority popular vote, and 28 members appointed by the president; members of both houses serve 5-year terms"
},
"elections": {
"text": "Senate - first round held on 11-12 August 2020 (9-10 August for diaspora); second round to be held on 8-9 September (6-7 September for diaspora) (next to be held in 2025)<br>House of Representatives - last held from 17 October to 2 December 2015 (next to be held 24-25 October and 7-8 November 2020)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Senate first round results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Nation's Future Party 100, independent 100; composition - NA  <br>House of Representatives (2015) - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Free Egyptians Party 65, Future of the Nation 53, New Wafd Party 36, Homeland's Protector Party 18, Republican People's Party 13, Congress Party 12, Al-Nour Party 11, Conservative Party 6, Democratic Peace Party 5, Egyptian National Movement 4, Egyptian Social Democratic Party 4, Modern Egypt Party 4, Freedom Party 3, My Homeland Egypt Party 3, Reform and Development Party 3, National Progressive Unionist Party 2, Arab Democratic Nasserist Party 1, El Serh El Masry el Hor 1, Revolutionary Guards Party 1, independent 351; composition - men 507, women 89, percent of women 14.9%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Abdelfattah ELSISI (since 8 June 2014)"
@ -577,6 +568,17 @@
"text": "Abdelfattah ELSISI reelected president in first round; percent of valid votes cast - Abdelfattah ELSISI (independent) 97.1%, Moussa Mostafa MOUSSA (El Ghad Party) 2.9%; note - more than 7% of ballots cast were deemed invalid"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>Senate (Majlis Al-Shiyoukh) (300 seats; 100 members elected in single seat constituencies, 100 elected by closed party-list system, and 100 appointed by the president; note - the upper house, previously the Shura Council, was eliminated in the 2014 constitution, reestablished as the Senate, following passage in a 2019 constitutional referendum and approved by the House of Representatives in June 2020 <br>House of Representatives (Majlis Al-Nowaab) (596 seats; 448 members directly elected by individual candidacy system, 120 members - with quotas for women, youth, Christians and workers - elected in party-list constituencies by simple majority popular vote, and 28 members appointed by the president; members of both houses serve 5-year terms"
},
"elections": {
"text": "Senate - first round held on 11-12 August 2020 (9-10 August for diaspora); second round to be held on 8-9 September (6-7 September for diaspora) (next to be held in 2025)<br>House of Representatives - last held from 17 October to 2 December 2015 (next to be held 24-25 October and 7-8 November 2020)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Senate first round results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Nation's Future Party 100, independent 100; composition - NA  <br>House of Representatives (2015) - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Free Egyptians Party 65, Future of the Nation 53, New Wafd Party 36, Homeland's Protector Party 18, Republican People's Party 13, Congress Party 12, Al-Nour Party 11, Conservative Party 6, Democratic Peace Party 5, Egyptian National Movement 4, Egyptian Social Democratic Party 4, Modern Egypt Party 4, Freedom Party 3, My Homeland Egypt Party 3, Reform and Development Party 3, National Progressive Unionist Party 2, Arab Democratic Nasserist Party 1, El Serh El Masry el Hor 1, Revolutionary Guards Party 1, independent 351; composition - men 507, women 89, percent of women 14.9%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Constitutional Court (SCC) (consists of the court president and 10 justices); the SCC serves as the final court of arbitration on the constitutionality of laws and conflicts between lower courts regarding jurisdiction and rulings; Court of Cassation (CC) (consists of the court president and 550 judges organized in circuits with cases heard by panels of 5 judges); the CC is the highest appeals body for civil and criminal cases, also known as \"ordinary justices\"; Supreme Administrative Court (SAC) (consists of the court president and NA judges and organized in circuits with cases heard by panels of 5 judges); the SAC is the highest court of the State Council"
@ -1192,7 +1194,7 @@
"text": "1,000 Central African Republic (MINUSCA); 1,050 Mali (MINUSMA); 150 Sudan (UNAMID) (Jan 2021)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>since 2011, the Egyptian Armed Forces, police, and other security forces have been actively engaged in counterinsurgency and counter-terrorism operations in the North Sinai governorate against several militant groups, particularly the Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham – Sinai Province; as of early 2020, Egypt reportedly had over 40,000 troops plus thousands of police and other security personnel deployed to the Sinai for internal security duties<br><br>the military has a large stake in the civilian economy, including running banks, businesses, and shipping lines, producing consumer and industrial goods, importing commodities, and building and managing infrastructure projects, such as bridges, roads, hospitals, and housing</p> the Multinational Force &amp; Observers (MFO) has operated in the Sinai since 1982 as a peacekeeping and monitoring force to supervise the implementation of the security provisions of the 1979 Egyptian-Israeli Treaty of Peace; the MFO is an independent international organization, created by agreement between Egypt and Israel; as of 2021, it was composed of about 1,150 troops from 13 countries"
"text": "<p>since 2011, the Egyptian Armed Forces, police, and other security forces have been actively engaged in counterinsurgency and counter-terrorism operations in the North Sinai governorate against several militant groups, particularly the Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham – Sinai Province; as of 2020, Egypt reportedly had over 40,000 military troops, police, and other security personnel deployed to the Sinai for internal security duties <br><br>the military has a large stake in the civilian economy, including running banks, businesses, and shipping lines, producing consumer and industrial goods, importing commodities, and building and managing infrastructure projects, such as bridges, roads, hospitals, and housing<br><br></p> the Multinational Force &amp; Observers (MFO) has operated in the Sinai since 1982 as a peacekeeping and monitoring force to supervise the implementation of the security provisions of the 1979 Egyptian-Israeli Treaty of Peace; the MFO is an independent international organization, created by agreement between Egypt and Israel; as of 2021, it was composed of about 1,150 troops from 13 countries"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-30 years of age for male conscript military service; service obligation - 18-36 months, followed by a 9-year reserve obligation; voluntary enlistment possible from age 15 (2019)"

26
africa/ek.json
View file

@ -479,7 +479,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> named after Malabo Lopelo Melaka (1837–1937), the last king of the Bubi, the ethnic group indigenous to the island of Bioko; the name of the new capital, Cuidad de la Paz, translates to \"City of Peace\" in Spanish"
"etymology": {
"text": "named after Malabo Lopelo Melaka (1837&ndash;1937), the last king of the Bubi, the ethnic group indigenous to the island of Bioko; the name of the new capital, Cuidad de la Paz, translates to \"City of Peace\" in Spanish"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "8 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia); Annobon, Bioko Norte, Bioko Sur, Centro Sur, Djibloho, Kie-Ntem, Litoral, Wele-Nzas"
@ -521,17 +523,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral National Assembly or Asemblea Nacional consists of:<br>Senate or Senado (70 seats; 55 members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by closed party-list proportional representation vote and 15 appointed by the president)<br> Chamber of Deputies or Camara de los Diputados (100 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by closed paryt-list proportional representation vote to serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "Senate - last held on 12 November 2017 (next to be held in 2022/2023)<br> Chamber of Deputies - last held on 12 November 2017 (next to be held in 2022/2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PDGE and aligned coalition 70; composition - men 60, women 10, percent of women 14.3%<br><br> Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PDGE 99, CI 1; composition - men 78, women 22, percent of women 22%; note - total National Assembly percent of women 18.8%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Brig. Gen. (Ret.) Teodoro OBIANG Nguema Mbasogo (since 3 August 1979 when he seized power in a military coup); Vice President Teodoro Nguema OBIANG Mangue(since 2012)"
@ -549,6 +540,17 @@
"text": "Teodoro OBIANG Nguema Mbasogo reelected president; percent of vote - Teodoro OBIANG Nguema Mbasogo (PDGE) 93.5%, other 6.5%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral National Assembly or Asemblea Nacional consists of:<br>Senate or Senado (70 seats; 55 members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by closed party-list proportional representation vote and 15 appointed by the president)<br> Chamber of Deputies or Camara de los Diputados (100 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by closed paryt-list proportional representation vote to serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "Senate - last held on 12 November 2017 (next to be held in 2022/2023)<br> Chamber of Deputies - last held on 12 November 2017 (next to be held in 2022/2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PDGE and aligned coalition 70; composition - men 60, women 10, percent of women 14.3%<br><br> Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PDGE 99, CI 1; composition - men 78, women 22, percent of women 22%; note - total National Assembly percent of women 18.8%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court of Justice (consists of the chief justice - who is also chief of state - and 9 judges&nbsp; organized into civil, criminal, commercial, labor, administrative, and customary sections); Constitutional Court (consists of the court president and 4 members)"

28
africa/er.json
View file

@ -468,7 +468,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> the name means \"they [women] made them unite,\" which according to Tigrinya oral tradition refers to the women of the four clans in the Asmara area who persuaded their menfolk to unite and defeat their common enemy; the name has also been translated as \"live in peace\""
"etymology": {
"text": "the name means \"they [women] made them unite,\" which according to Tigrinya oral tradition refers to the women of the four clans in the Asmara area who persuaded their menfolk to unite and defeat their common enemy; the name has also been translated as \"live in peace\""
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "6 regions (zobatat, singular - zoba); Anseba, Debub (South), Debubawi K'eyih Bahri (Southern Red Sea), Gash Barka, Ma'akel (Central), Semenawi K'eyih Bahri (Northern Red Sea)"
@ -510,17 +512,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National Assembly (Hagerawi Baito) (150 seats; 75 members indirectly elected by the ruling party and 75 directly elected by simple majority vote; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "in May 1997, following the adoption of the new constitution, 75 members of the PFDJ Central Committee (the old Central Committee of the EPLF), 60 members of the 527-member Constituent Assembly, which had been established in 1997 to discuss and ratify the new constitution, and 15 representatives of Eritreans living abroad were formed into a Transitional National Assembly to serve as the country's legislative body until countrywide elections to form a National Assembly were held; although only 75 of 150 members of the Transitional National Assembly were elected, the constitution stipulates that once past the transition stage, all members of the National Assembly will be elected by secret ballot of all eligible voters; National Assembly elections scheduled for December 2001 were postponed indefinitely due to the war with Ethiopia, and as of late 2020, there was no sitting legislative body"
},
"election results": {
"text": "NA"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President ISAIAS Afwerki (since 8 June 1993); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government and is head of the State Council and National Assembly"
@ -538,6 +529,17 @@
"text": "ISAIAS Afwerki elected president by the transitional National Assembly; percent of National Assembly vote - ISAIAS &nbsp;Afwerki (PFDJ) 95%, other 5%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National Assembly (Hagerawi Baito) (150 seats; 75 members indirectly elected by the ruling party and 75 directly elected by simple majority vote; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "in May 1997, following the adoption of the new constitution, 75 members of the PFDJ Central Committee (the old Central Committee of the EPLF), 60 members of the 527-member Constituent Assembly, which had been established in 1997 to discuss and ratify the new constitution, and 15 representatives of Eritreans living abroad were formed into a Transitional National Assembly to serve as the country's legislative body until countrywide elections to form a National Assembly were held; although only 75 of 150 members of the Transitional National Assembly were elected, the constitution stipulates that once past the transition stage, all members of the National Assembly will be elected by secret ballot of all eligible voters; National Assembly elections scheduled for December 2001 were postponed indefinitely due to the war with Ethiopia, and as of late 2020, there was no sitting legislative body"
},
"election results": {
"text": "NA"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "High Court (consists of 20 judges and organized into civil, commercial, criminal, labor, administrative, and customary sections)"
@ -557,7 +559,7 @@
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {
"text": "Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires BERHANE Gebrehiwet Solomon (since 15 March 2011)"
"text": "Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Berhane Gebrehiwet SOLOMON (since 15 March 2011)"
},
"chancery": {
"text": "1708 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20009"

36
africa/et.json
View file

@ -522,7 +522,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> the name in Amharic means \"new flower\" and was bestowed on the city in 1889, three years after its founding"
"etymology": {
"text": "the name in Amharic means \"new flower\" and was bestowed on the city in 1889, three years after its founding"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "10 ethnically based regional states (kililoch, singular - kilil) and 2 self-governing administrations* (astedaderoch, singular - astedader); Adis Abeba* (Addis Ababa), Afar, Amara (Amhara), Binshangul Gumuz, Dire Dawa*, Gambela Hizboch (Gambela Peoples), Hareri Hizb (Harari People), Oromiya (Oromia), Sidama, Sumale (Somali), Tigray, Ye Debub Biheroch Bihereseboch na Hizboch (Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples)"
@ -564,18 +566,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>House of Federation or Yefedereshein Mikir Bete (153 seats; members indirectly elected by state assemblies to serve 5-year terms)<br>House of People's Representatives or Yehizb Tewokayoch Mekir Bete (547 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote; 22 seats reserved for minorities; all members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "House of Federation - last held 24 May 2015 (next originally scheduled on 29 August 2020 but postponed a year due to the COVID-19 pandemic)<br>House of People's Representatives - last held on 24 May 2015 (next election to be held June 2021)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "House of Federation - percent of vote by coalition/party - NA; seats by coalition/party - NA; composition - men 104, women 49, percent of women 32%<br>House of Representatives - percent of vote by coalition/party - NA; seats by coalition/party - EPRDF 501, SPDP 24, BGPDUP 9, ANDP 8, GPUDM 3, APDO 1, HNL 1; composition - men 335, women 212, percent of women  38.8%; note - total Parliament percent of women 37.3%"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> House of Federation is responsible for interpreting the constitution and federal-regional issues and the House of People's Representatives is responsible for passing legislation"
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President SAHLE-WORK Zewde (since 25 October 2018)"
@ -594,6 +584,18 @@
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> SAHLE-WORK Zewde is the first female elected head of state in Ethiopia; she is currently the only female president in Africa. Former President Dr. Mulatu TESHOME resigned on 25 October 2018, one year ahead of finishing his six-year term."
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>House of Federation or Yefedereshein Mikir Bete (153 seats; members indirectly elected by state assemblies to serve 5-year terms)<br>House of People's Representatives or Yehizb Tewokayoch Mekir Bete (547 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote; 22 seats reserved for minorities; all members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "House of Federation - last held 24 May 2015 (next originally scheduled on 29 August 2020 but postponed a year due to the COVID-19 pandemic)<br>House of People's Representatives - last held on 24 May 2015 (next election to be held June 2021)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "House of Federation - percent of vote by coalition/party - NA; seats by coalition/party - NA; composition - men 104, women 49, percent of women 32%<br>House of Representatives - percent of vote by coalition/party - NA; seats by coalition/party - EPRDF 501, SPDP 24, BGPDUP 9, ANDP 8, GPUDM 3, APDO 1, HNL 1; composition - men 335, women 212, percent of women  38.8%; note - total Parliament percent of women 37.3%"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> House of Federation is responsible for interpreting the constitution and federal-regional issues and the House of People's Representatives is responsible for passing legislation"
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Federal Supreme Court (consists of 11 judges); note - the House of Federation has jurisdiction for all constitutional issues"
@ -1159,6 +1161,9 @@
"note": "note(s): in January 2020 the Ethiopian Government announced it had re-established a navy, which was disbanded in 1996; in March 2019 Ethiopia signed a defense cooperation agreement with France which stipulated that France would support the establishment of an Ethiopian navy, which will reportedly be based out of Djibouti<br><br>in 2018, Ethiopia established a Republican Guard for protecting senior officials; the Republican Guard is a military unit accountable to the Prime Minister<br><br>"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
"text": "0.5% of GDP (2020 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
"text": "0.7% of GDP (2019 est.)"
},
@ -1170,9 +1175,6 @@
},
"Military Expenditures 2016": {
"text": "0.7% of GDP (2016 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2015": {
"text": "0.7% of GDP (2015 est.)"
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
@ -1203,7 +1205,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "374,680 (South Sudan), 212,236 (Somalia), 146,771 (Eritrea), 45,924 (Sudan) (2021)"
"text": "377,792 (South Sudan), 214,047 (Somalia), 146,771 (Eritrea), 45,924 (Sudan) (2021)"
},
"IDPs": {
"text": "1,990,168 (includes conflict- and climate-induced IDPs, excluding unverified estimates from the Amhara region; border war with Eritrea from 1998-2000; ethnic clashes; and ongoing fighting between the Ethiopian military and separatist rebel groups in the Somali and Oromia regions; natural disasters; intercommunal violence; most IDPs live in Sumale state) (2021)"

32
africa/ga.json
View file

@ -511,7 +511,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> Banjul is located on Saint Mary's Island at the mouth of the Gambia River; the Mandinka used to gather fibrous plants on the island for the manufacture of ropes; \"bang julo\" is Mandinka for \"rope fiber\"; mispronunciation over time caused the term became the word Banjul"
"etymology": {
"text": "Banjul is located on Saint Mary's Island at the mouth of the Gambia River; the Mandinka used to gather fibrous plants on the island for the manufacture of ropes; \"bang julo\" is Mandinka for \"rope fiber\"; mispronunciation over time caused the term became the word Banjul"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "5 regions, 1 city*, and 1 municipality**; Banjul*, Central River, Kanifing**, Lower River, North Bank, Upper River, West Coast"
@ -553,17 +555,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National Assembly (58 seats; 53 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote and 5 appointed by the president; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 6 April 2017 (next to be held in 2022)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - UDP 37.5%, GDC 17.4%, APRC 16%, PDOIS 9%, NRP 6.3%, PPP 2.5%, other 1.7%, independent 9.6%; seats by party - UDP 31, APRC 5, GDC 5, NRP 5, PDOIS 4, PPP 2, independent 1; composition - men 52, women 6, percent of women 10.3%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Adama BARROW (since 19 January 2017); Vice President Isatou TOURAY (since 15 March 2019); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government"
@ -581,6 +572,17 @@
"text": "Adama BARROW elected president; percent of vote - Adama BARROW (Coalition 2016) 43.3%, Yahya JAMMEH (APRC) 39.6%, Mamma KANDEH (GDC) 17.1%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National Assembly (58 seats; 53 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote and 5 appointed by the president; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 6 April 2017 (next to be held in 2022)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - UDP 37.5%, GDC 17.4%, APRC 16%, PDOIS 9%, NRP 6.3%, PPP 2.5%, other 1.7%, independent 9.6%; seats by party - UDP 31, APRC 5, GDC 5, NRP 5, PDOIS 4, PPP 2, independent 1; composition - men 52, women 6, percent of women 10.3%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court of The Gambia (consists of the chief justice and 6 justices; court sessions held with 5 justices)"
@ -1098,6 +1100,9 @@
"text": "Gambia Armed Forces: the Gambian National Army (GNA; includes a small air wing), Navy, Republican National Guard (responsible for VIP protection, riot control, and presidential security) (2021)"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
"text": "0.8% of GDP (2020 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
"text": "0.8% of GDP (2019)"
},
@ -1109,9 +1114,6 @@
},
"Military Expenditures 2014": {
"text": "1.2% of GDP (2014)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2013": {
"text": "0.8% of GDP (2013)"
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {

32
africa/gb.json
View file

@ -485,7 +485,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> original site settled by freed slaves and the name means \"free town\" in French; named in imitation of Freetown, the capital of Sierra Leone"
"etymology": {
"text": "original site settled by freed slaves and the name means \"free town\" in French; named in imitation of Freetown, the capital of Sierra Leone"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "9 provinces; Estuaire, Haut-Ogooue, Moyen-Ogooue, Ngounie, Nyanga, Ogooue-Ivindo, Ogooue-Lolo, Ogooue-Maritime, Woleu-Ntem"
@ -527,17 +529,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament or Parlement consists of:<br>Senate or Senat (102 seats; members indirectly elected by municipal councils and departmental assemblies by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed; members serve 6-year terms)<br>National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (143 seats; members elected in single-seat constituencies by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "<br>Senate - last held on 13 December 2014 (next to be held on 31 December 2020)<br>National Assembly - held in 2 rounds on 6 and 27 October 2018 (next to be held in 2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<br>Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PDG 81, CLR 7, PSD 2, ADERE-UPG 1, UPG 1, PGCI 1, independent 7; composition - men 84, women 18, percent of women 17.6%<br>National Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PDG 98, The Democrats or LD 11, RV 8, Social Democrats of Gabon 5, RH&amp;M 4, other 9, independent 8; composition - men 123, women 20, percent of women 14%; note - total Parliament percent of women 15.5%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Ali BONGO Ondimba (since 16 October 2009)"
@ -555,6 +546,17 @@
"text": "Ali BONGO Ondimba reelected president; percent of vote - Ali BONGO Ondimba (PDG) 49.8%, Jean PING (UFC) 48.2%, other 2.0%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament or Parlement consists of:<br>Senate or Senat (102 seats; members indirectly elected by municipal councils and departmental assemblies by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed; members serve 6-year terms)<br>National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (143 seats; members elected in single-seat constituencies by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "<br>Senate - last held on 13 December 2014 (next to be held on 31 December 2020)<br>National Assembly - held in 2 rounds on 6 and 27 October 2018 (next to be held in 2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<br>Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PDG 81, CLR 7, PSD 2, ADERE-UPG 1, UPG 1, PGCI 1, independent 7; composition - men 84, women 18, percent of women 17.6%<br>National Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PDG 98, The Democrats or LD 11, RV 8, Social Democrats of Gabon 5, RH&amp;M 4, other 9, independent 8; composition - men 123, women 20, percent of women 14%; note - total Parliament percent of women 15.5%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court (consists of 4 permanent specialized supreme courts - Supreme Court or Cour de Cassation, Administrative Supreme Court or Conseil d'Etat, Accounting Supreme Court or Cour des Comptes, Constitutional Court or Cour Constitutionnelle, and the non-permanent Court of State Security, initiated only for cases of high treason by the president and criminal activity by executive branch officials)"
@ -1125,6 +1127,9 @@
"text": "Gabonese Defense Forces (Forces de Defense Gabonaise): Land Forces (Army), Navy, Air Forces, National Gendarmerie; Republican Guard (land forces under direct presidential control) (2021)"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
"text": "1.8% of GDP (2020 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
"text": "1.6% of GDP (2019)"
},
@ -1136,9 +1141,6 @@
},
"Military Expenditures 2016": {
"text": "1.5% of GDP (2016)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2015": {
"text": "1.3% of GDP (2015)"
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {

32
africa/gh.json
View file

@ -514,7 +514,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> the name derives from the Akan word \"nkran\" meaning \"ants,\" and refers to the numerous anthills in the area around the capital"
"etymology": {
"text": "the name derives from the Akan word \"nkran\" meaning \"ants,\" and refers to the numerous anthills in the area around the capital"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "16 regions; Ahafo, Ashanti, Bono, Bono East, Central, Eastern, Greater Accra, North East, Northern, Oti, Savannah, Upper East, Upper West, Volta, Western, Western North"
@ -556,17 +558,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Parliament (275 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 4-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 7 December 2020 (next to be held in December 2024)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party (preliminary) - NPC 137, NDC 136, other 1, independent 1; composition - NA"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO (since 7 January 2017); Vice President Mahamudu BAWUMIA (since 7 January 2017); the president is both chief of state and head of government"
@ -584,6 +575,17 @@
"text": "Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO reelected president in the first round; percent of vote - Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO (NPP) 51.3%, John Dramani MAHAMA (NDC) 47.4%, other 1.3%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Parliament (275 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 4-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 7 December 2020 (next to be held in December 2024)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party (preliminary) - NPC 137, NDC 136, other 1, independent 1; composition - NA"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice and 13 justices)"
@ -1142,6 +1144,9 @@
"text": "Ghana Armed Forces: Army, Navy, Air Force (2021)"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
"text": "0.4% of GDP (2020 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
"text": "0.4% of GDP (2019)"
},
@ -1153,9 +1158,6 @@
},
"Military Expenditures 2016": {
"text": "0.3% of GDP (2016)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2015": {
"text": "0.4% of GDP (2015)"
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {

28
africa/gv.json
View file

@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
{
"Introduction": {
"Background": {
"text": "<p>Guinea's deep Muslim heritage arrived via the neighboring Almoravid Empire in the 11th century. Following Almoravid decline, Guinea existed on the fringe of several African kingdoms all competing for regional dominance. In the 13th century, the Mali Empire took control of Guinea, encouraging its already growing Muslim faith. After the fall of the West African empires, various smaller kingdoms controlled Guinea. In the 18th century, Fulani Muslims established an Islamic state in central Guinea that represents one of the earliest examples of a written constitution and alternating leadership. While European traders first arrived in the 16th century, it was the French who secured colonial rule in the 19th century.</p> <p>In 1958, Guinea became independent from France, and Sekou TOURE established an authoritarian regime. TOURE ruled until his death in 1984. After TOURE’s death, General Lansana CONTE staged a coup and seized the government. CONTE organized and won presidential elections in 1993, 1998, and 2003. Upon CONTE's death in December 2008, Captain Moussa Dadis CAMARA led a military coup, seized power, and suspended the constitution. In September 2009, presidential guards opened fire on an opposition rally, killing more than 150 people. In early December 2009, CAMARA was wounded in an assassination attempt and exiled to Burkina Faso. In 2010 and 2013 respectively, the country held its first free and fair presidential and legislative elections. Alpha CONDE won the 2010 and 2015 presidential elections. CONDE's first cabinet was the first all-civilian government in Guinean history. In March 2020, Guinea passed a constitutional referendum that extended presidential terms and reset CONDE’s term count, and later that year, Alpha CONDE won a controversial third presidential term. CONDE’s current term will end in 2026.</p>"
"text": "<p>Guinea's deep Muslim heritage arrived via the neighboring Almoravid Empire in the 11th century. Following Almoravid decline, Guinea existed on the fringe of several African kingdoms all competing for regional dominance. In the 13th century, the Mali Empire took control of Guinea, encouraging its already growing Muslim faith. After the fall of the West African empires, various smaller kingdoms controlled Guinea. In the 18th century, Fulani Muslims established an Islamic state in central Guinea that represents one of the earliest examples of a written constitution and alternating leadership. While European traders first arrived in the 16th century, it was the French who secured colonial rule in the 19th century.</p> <p>In 1958, Guinea became independent from France, and Sekou TOURE established an authoritarian regime. TOURE ruled until his death in 1984. After TOURE’s death, General Lansana CONTE staged a coup and seized the government. CONTE organized and won presidential elections in 1993, 1998, and 2003. Upon CONTE's death in December 2008, Captain Moussa Dadis CAMARA led a military coup, seized power, and suspended the constitution. In September 2009, presidential guards opened fire on an opposition rally, killing more than 150 people. In early December 2009, CAMARA was wounded in an assassination attempt and exiled to Burkina Faso. In 2010 and 2013 respectively, the country held its first free and fair presidential and legislative elections. Alpha CONDE won the 2010 and 2015 presidential elections. CONDE's first cabinet was the first all-civilian government in Guinean history. In March 2020, Guinea passed a constitutional referendum that extended presidential terms and reset CONDE’s term count, and later that year, Alpha CONDE won a controversial third presidential term. On 5 September 2021, Col Mamady DOUMBOUYA led a military coup by a National Committee of Rally and Development that arrested President CONDE, suspended the constitution, and dissolved the government.   </p>"
}
},
"Geography": {
@ -526,7 +526,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> according to tradition, the name derives from the fusion of the name \"Cona,\" a Baga wine and cheese producer who lived on Tombo Island (the original site of the present-day capital), and the word \"nakiri,\" which in Susu means \"the other bank\" or \"the other side\"; supposedly, Baga's palm grove produced the best wine on the island and people traveling to sample his vintage, would say: \"I am going to Cona, on the other bank (Cona-nakiri),\" which over time became Conakry"
"etymology": {
"text": "according to tradition, the name derives from the fusion of the name \"Cona,\" a Baga wine and cheese producer who lived on Tombo Island (the original site of the present-day capital), and the word \"nakiri,\" which in Susu means \"the other bank\" or \"the other side\"; supposedly, Baga's palm grove produced the best wine on the island and people traveling to sample his vintage, would say: \"I am going to Cona, on the other bank (Cona-nakiri),\" which over time became Conakry"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "7 regions administrative and 1 gouvenorat*; Boke, Conakry*, Faranah, Kankan, Kindia, Labe, Mamou, N'Zerekore"
@ -568,17 +570,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral People's National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale Populaire (114 seats; 76 members directly elected in a single nationwide constituency by proportional representation vote and 38 directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 21 March 2020 (next to be held 1 March 2027)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "In parliamentary elections, the Rally of the Guinean People-Rainbow wins 57.5% of the vote (79 of 114 seats), the Democratic Union of Guinea 5.3% (4), the Democratic Popular Movement of Guinea 4.1% (3), and the New Democratic Forces 2.8% (3). Turnout is 58.0%."
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Alpha CONDE (since 21 December 2010)<br><br>note: on 5 September 2021, Col. Mamady DOUMBOUYA led a military coup by a National Committee of Rally and Development that arrested President CONDE, suspended the constitution, and dissolved the government"
@ -596,6 +587,17 @@
"text": "Alpha CONDE reelected president in the first round; percent of vote - Alpha CONDE (RPG) 59.5%, Cellou Dalein DIALLO (UFDG) 33.5%, other 7%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral People's National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale Populaire (114 seats; 76 members directly elected in a single nationwide constituency by proportional representation vote and 38 directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 21 March 2020 (next to be held 1 March 2027)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "In parliamentary elections, the Rally of the Guinean People-Rainbow wins 57.5% of the vote (79 of 114 seats), the Democratic Union of Guinea 5.3% (4), the Democratic Popular Movement of Guinea 4.1% (3), and the New Democratic Forces 2.8% (3). Turnout is 58.0%."
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court or Cour Supreme (organized into Administrative Chamber and Civil, Penal, and Social Chamber; court consists of the first president, 2 chamber presidents,&nbsp;10 councilors, the solicitor general, and NA deputies); Constitutional Court (consists of 9 members)"

34
africa/iv.json
View file

@ -526,7 +526,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> Yamoussoukro is named after Queen YAMOUSSOU, who ruled in the village of N'Gokro in 1929 at the time of French colonization; the village was renamed Yamoussoukro, the suffix \"-kro\" meaning \"town\" in the native Baoule language; Abidjan's name supposedly comes from a misunderstanding; tradition states that an old man carrying branches met a European explorer who asked for the name of the nearest village; the man, not understanding and terrified by this unexpected encounter, fled shouting \"min-chan m’bidjan,\" which in the Ebrie language means: \"I return from cutting leaves\"; the explorer, thinking that his question had been answered, recorded the name of the locale as Abidjan; a different version has the first colonists asking native women the name of the place and getting a similar response"
"etymology": {
"text": "Yamoussoukro is named after Queen YAMOUSSOU, who ruled in the village of N'Gokro in 1929 at the time of French colonization; the village was renamed Yamoussoukro, the suffix \"-kro\" meaning \"town\" in the native Baoule language; Abidjan's name supposedly comes from a misunderstanding; tradition states that an old man carrying branches met a European explorer who asked for the name of the nearest village; the man, not understanding and terrified by this unexpected encounter, fled shouting \"min-chan m&rsquo;bidjan,\" which in the Ebrie language means: \"I return from cutting leaves\"; the explorer, thinking that his question had been answered, recorded the name of the locale as Abidjan; a different version has the first colonists asking native women the name of the place and getting a similar response"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "12 districts and 2 autonomous districts*; Abidjan*, Bas-Sassandra, Comoe, Denguele, Goh-Djiboua, Lacs, Lagunes, Montagnes, Sassandra-Marahoue, Savanes, Vallee du Bandama, Woroba, Yamoussoukro*, Zanzan"
@ -568,18 +570,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>Senate or Senat (99 seats; 66 members indirectly elected by the National Assembly and members of municipal, autonomous districts, and regional councils, and 33 members appointed by the president; members serve 5-year terms)<br>National Assembly (255 seats; members directly elected in single- and multi-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "<br>Senate - first ever held on 25 March 2018 (next to be held in 2023)<br>National Assembly - last held on 6 March 2021 (next to be held in 2026)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<strong><br></strong>Senate - percent by party NA; seats by party - RHDP 50, independent 16; composition - men 80, women 19, percent of women 19.2%<br>National Assembly - percent of vote by party - RHDP 49.18%, PDCI-RRA-EDS 16.53%, DPIC 6.01%, TTB 2.017%  IPF 1.96%  seats by party - RHDP, 137, PDCI-RRA-EDS 50, DPIC 23, TTB 8, IPF 2; composition - men 217, women 32, percent of women 13%; note - total Parliament percent of women 32%"
},
"note": "<br><br>"
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Alassane Dramane OUATTARA (since 4 December 2010); Vice President (vacant); note - Vice President Daniel Kablan DUNCAN resigned 8 July 2020; note - the 2016 constitution calls for the establishment of the position of vice-president"
@ -597,6 +587,18 @@
"text": "Alassane OUATTARA reelected president; percent of vote - Alassane OUATTARA (RDR) 94.3%, Kouadio Konan BERTIN (PDCI-RDA) 2.0%, other 3.7%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>Senate or Senat (99 seats; 66 members indirectly elected by the National Assembly and members of municipal, autonomous districts, and regional councils, and 33 members appointed by the president; members serve 5-year terms)<br>National Assembly (255 seats; members directly elected in single- and multi-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "<br>Senate - first ever held on 25 March 2018 (next to be held in 2023)<br>National Assembly - last held on 6 March 2021 (next to be held in 2026)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<strong><br></strong>Senate - percent by party NA; seats by party - RHDP 50, independent 16; composition - men 80, women 19, percent of women 19.2%<br>National Assembly - percent of vote by party - RHDP 49.18%, PDCI-RRA-EDS 16.53%, DPIC 6.01%, TTB 2.017%  IPF 1.96%  seats by party - RHDP, 137, PDCI-RRA-EDS 50, DPIC 23, TTB 8, IPF 2; composition - men 217, women 32, percent of women 13%; note - total Parliament percent of women 32%"
},
"note": "<br><br>"
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court or Cour Supreme (organized into Judicial, Audit, Constitutional, and Administrative Chambers; consists of the court president, 3 vice presidents for the Judicial, Audit, and Administrative chambers, and 9 associate justices or magistrates)"
@ -1158,6 +1160,9 @@
"text": "Armed Forces of Cote d'Ivoire (Forces Armees de Cote d'Ivoire, FACI; aka Republican Forces of Ivory Coast, FRCI): Army (Armee de Terre), Navy (Marine Nationale), Cote Air Force (Force Aerienne Cote), Special Forces (Forces Speciale); National Gendarmerie (under the Ministry of Defense); National Police (under the Ministry of Security and Civil Protection); Coordination Center for Operational Decisions (a mix of police, gendarmerie, and FACI personnel for assisting police in providing security in some large cities) (2020)"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
"text": "1.1% of GDP (2020 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
"text": "1.1% of GDP (2019 est.)"
},
@ -1169,9 +1174,6 @@
},
"Military Expenditures 2016": {
"text": "1.7% of GDP (2016)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2015": {
"text": "1.7% of GDP (2015)"
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {

32
africa/ke.json
View file

@ -526,7 +526,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> the name derives from the Maasai expression meaning \"cool waters\" and refers to a cold water stream that flowed through the area in the late 19th century"
"etymology": {
"text": "the name derives from the Maasai expression meaning \"cool waters\" and refers to a cold water stream that flowed through the area in the late 19th century"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "47 counties; Baringo, Bomet, Bungoma, Busia, Elgeyo/Marakwet, Embu, Garissa, Homa Bay, Isiolo, Kajiado, Kakamega, Kericho, Kiambu, Kilifi, Kirinyaga, Kisii, Kisumu, Kitui, Kwale, Laikipia, Lamu, Machakos, Makueni, Mandera, Marsabit, Meru, Migori, Mombasa, Murang'a, Nairobi City, Nakuru, Nandi, Narok, Nyamira, Nyandarua, Nyeri, Samburu, Siaya, Taita/Taveta, Tana River, Tharaka-Nithi, Trans Nzoia, Turkana, Uasin Gishu, Vihiga, Wajir, West Pokot"
@ -568,17 +570,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>Senate (67 seats; 47 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote and 20 directly elected by proportional representation vote - 16 women, 2 representing youth, and 2 representing the disabled; members serve 5-year terms)<br> National Assembly (349 seats; 290 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote, 47 women in single-seat constituencies elected by simple majority vote, and 12 members nominated by the National Assembly - 6 representing youth and 6 representing the disabled; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "Senate - last held on 8 August 2017 (next to be held in August 2022)<br> National Assembly - last held on 8 August 2017 (next to be held in August 2022)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Senate - percent of vote by party/coalition - NA; seats by party/coalition - Jubilee Party 24; National Super Alliance 28, other 14, independent 1; composition - men 46, women 41, percent of women is 31.3%<br><br> National Assembly - percent of vote by party/coalition - NA; seats by party/coalition - Jubilee Party 165, National Super Alliance 119, other 51, independent 13; composition - men 273, women 76, percent of women 21.8%; note - total Parliament percent of women is 23%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Uhuru KENYATTA (since 9 April 2013); Deputy President William RUTO (since 9 April 2013); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government"
@ -596,6 +587,17 @@
"text": "Uhuru KENYATTA reelected president; percent of vote - Uhuru KENYATTA (Jubilee Party) 98.3%, Raila ODINGA (ODM) 1%, other 0.7%; note - Kenya held a previous presidential election on 8 August 2017, but Kenya's Supreme Court on 1 September 2017 nullified the results, citing irregularities; the political opposition boycotted the October vote"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>Senate (67 seats; 47 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote and 20 directly elected by proportional representation vote - 16 women, 2 representing youth, and 2 representing the disabled; members serve 5-year terms)<br> National Assembly (349 seats; 290 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote, 47 women in single-seat constituencies elected by simple majority vote, and 12 members nominated by the National Assembly - 6 representing youth and 6 representing the disabled; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "Senate - last held on 8 August 2017 (next to be held in August 2022)<br> National Assembly - last held on 8 August 2017 (next to be held in August 2022)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Senate - percent of vote by party/coalition - NA; seats by party/coalition - Jubilee Party 24; National Super Alliance 28, other 14, independent 1; composition - men 46, women 41, percent of women is 31.3%<br><br> National Assembly - percent of vote by party/coalition - NA; seats by party/coalition - Jubilee Party 165, National Super Alliance 119, other 51, independent 13; composition - men 273, women 76, percent of women 21.8%; note - total Parliament percent of women is 23%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court (consists of chief and deputy chief justices and 5 judges)"
@ -1185,6 +1187,9 @@
"note": "note: the National Police Service includes a paramilitary General Service Unit"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
"text": "1.2% of GDP (2020)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
"text": "1.3% of GDP (2019)"
},
@ -1196,9 +1201,6 @@
},
"Military Expenditures 2016": {
"text": "1.3% of GDP (2016)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2015": {
"text": "1.3% of GDP (2015)"
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {

26
africa/li.json
View file

@ -498,7 +498,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> named after James Monroe (1758-1831), the fifth president of the United States and supporter of the colonization of Liberia by freed slaves; one of two national capitals named for a US president, the other is Washington, D.C."
"etymology": {
"text": "named after James Monroe (1758-1831), the fifth president of the United States and supporter of the colonization of Liberia by freed slaves; one of two national capitals named for a US president, the other is Washington, D.C."
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "15 counties; Bomi, Bong, Gbarpolu, Grand Bassa, Grand Cape Mount, Grand Gedeh, Grand Kru, Lofa, Margibi, Maryland, Montserrado, Nimba, River Cess, River Gee, Sinoe"
@ -540,17 +542,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral National Assembly consists of:<br>The Liberian Senate (30 seats; members directly elected in 15 2-seat districts by simple majority vote to serve 9-year staggered terms; each district elects 1 senator and elects the second senator 3 years later, followed by a 6-year hiatus, after which the first Senate seat is up for election)<br>House of Representatives (73 seats; members directly elected in single-seat districts by simple majority vote to serve 6-year terms; eligible for a second term)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "Senate -general election held on 8 December 2020 with half the seats up for election (next election 2023)<br>House of Representatives - last held on 10 October 2017 (next to be held in October 2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Senate - percent of vote by party - Collaborating Political Parties 40.27%, Congress for Democratic Change 28.02%, People's Unification Party 6.40, Movement for Democracy and Reconstructions 4.30%, All Liberia Coalition 1.09%,Rainbow Alliance 1.09%, Liberia Restoration Party 0,82%, Liberia National Union 0.77%, Movement for Progressive Change 0.74%, United People's Party 0.66%, Liberia Transformation Party 0.16%, National Democratic Coalition 0.07%, Movement for One Liberia 0.01; seats by coalition/party- CPP 13, CDC 5, PUP 2, MDR 1, NDC 1   <br> <br>House of Representatives - percent of vote by party/coalition - Coalition for Democratic Change 15.6%, UP 14%, LP 8.7%, ANC 6.1%, PUP 5.9%, ALP 5.1%, MDR 3.4%, other 41.2%; seats by coalition/party - Coalition for Democratic Change 21, UP 20, PUP 5, LP 3, ALP 3, MDR 2, independent 13, other 6; composition - men 64, women 9, percent of women 12.3%; total Parliament percent of women 11.7%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President George WEAH (since 22 January 2018); Vice President Jewel HOWARD-TAYLOR (since 22 January 2018); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government"
@ -568,6 +559,17 @@
"text": "George WEAH elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - George WEAH (Coalition for Democratic Change) 38.4%, Joseph BOAKAI (UP) 28.8%, Charles BRUMSKINE (LP) 9.6%, Prince JOHNSON (MDR) 8.2%, Alexander B. CUMMINGS (ANC) 7.2%, other 7.8%; percentage of vote in second round - George WEAH 61.5%, Joseph BOAKAI 38.5%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral National Assembly consists of:<br>The Liberian Senate (30 seats; members directly elected in 15 2-seat districts by simple majority vote to serve 9-year staggered terms; each district elects 1 senator and elects the second senator 3 years later, followed by a 6-year hiatus, after which the first Senate seat is up for election)<br>House of Representatives (73 seats; members directly elected in single-seat districts by simple majority vote to serve 6-year terms; eligible for a second term)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "Senate - general election held on 8 December 2020 with half the seats up for election (next election 2023)<br>House of Representatives - last held on 10 October 2017 (next to be held in October 2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Senate - percent of vote by party - Collaborating Political Parties 40.27%, Congress for Democratic Change 28.02%, People's Unification Party 6.40, Movement for Democracy and Reconstructions 4.30%, All Liberia Coalition 1.09%,Rainbow Alliance 1.09%, Liberia Restoration Party 0,82%, Liberia National Union 0.77%, Movement for Progressive Change 0.74%, United People's Party 0.66%, Liberia Transformation Party 0.16%, National Democratic Coalition 0.07%, Movement for One Liberia 0.01; seats by coalition/party- CPP 13, CDC 5, PUP 2, MDR 1, NDC 1   <br> <br>House of Representatives - percent of vote by party/coalition - Coalition for Democratic Change 15.6%, UP 14%, LP 8.7%, ANC 6.1%, PUP 5.9%, ALP 5.1%, MDR 3.4%, other 41.2%; seats by coalition/party - Coalition for Democratic Change 21, UP 20, PUP 5, LP 3, ALP 3, MDR 2, independent 13, other 6; composition - men 64, women 9, percent of women 12.3%; total Parliament percent of women 11.7%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court (consists of a chief justice and 4 associate justices); note - the Supreme Court has jurisdiction for all constitutional cases"

32
africa/lt.json
View file

@ -486,7 +486,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> in the Sesotho language the name means \"[place of] red sandstones\""
"etymology": {
"text": "in the Sesotho language the name means \"[place of] red sandstones\""
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "10 districts; Berea, Butha-Buthe, Leribe, Mafeteng, Maseru, Mohale's Hoek, Mokhotlong, Qacha's Nek, Quthing, Thaba-Tseka"
@ -528,17 +530,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>Senate (33 seats; 22 principal chiefs and 11 other senators nominated by the king with the advice of the Council of State, a 13-member body of key government and non-government officials; members serve 5-year terms)<br> National Assembly (120 seats; 80 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote and 40 elected through proportional representation; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "Senate - last nominated by the king 11 July 2017 (next NA)<br> National Assembly - last held on 3 June 2017 (next to be held in 2022)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Senate - percent of votes by party - NA, seats by party - NA; composition - men 25, women 8, percent of women 24.2%<br> National Assembly - percent of votes by party - ABC 40.5%, DC 25.8%, LCD 9%, AD 7.3%, MEC 5.1%, BNP 4.1, PFD 2.3%, other 5.9%; seats by party - ABC 51, DC 30, LCD 11, AD 9, MEC 6, BNP 5, PFD 3, other 5; composition - men 95, women 27, percent of women 22.5%; note - total Parliament percent of women 22.9%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "King LETSIE III (since 7 February 1996); note - King LETSIE III formerly occupied the throne from November 1990 to February 1995 while his father was in exile&nbsp;"
@ -553,6 +544,17 @@
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary, but under the terms of the constitution that came into effect after the March 1993 election, the monarch is a \"living symbol of national unity\" with no executive or legislative powers; under traditional law, the college of chiefs has the power to depose the monarch, to determine next in line of succession, or to serve as regent in the event that a successor is not of mature age; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition in the Assembly automatically becomes prime minister"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>Senate (33 seats; 22 principal chiefs and 11 other senators nominated by the king with the advice of the Council of State, a 13-member body of key government and non-government officials; members serve 5-year terms)<br> National Assembly (120 seats; 80 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote and 40 elected through proportional representation; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "Senate - last nominated by the king 11 July 2017 (next NA)<br> National Assembly - last held on 3 June 2017 (next to be held in 2022)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Senate - percent of votes by party - NA, seats by party - NA; composition - men 25, women 8, percent of women 24.2%<br> National Assembly - percent of votes by party - ABC 40.5%, DC 25.8%, LCD 9%, AD 7.3%, MEC 5.1%, BNP 4.1, PFD 2.3%, other 5.9%; seats by party - ABC 51, DC 30, LCD 11, AD 9, MEC 6, BNP 5, PFD 3, other 5; composition - men 95, women 27, percent of women 22.5%; note - total Parliament percent of women 22.9%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Court of Appeal (consists of the court president, such number of justices of appeal as set by Parliament, and the Chief Justice and the puisne judges of the High Court ex officio); High Court (consists of the chief justice and such number of puisne judges as set by Parliament); note - both the Court of Appeal and the High Court have jurisdiction in constitutional issues"
@ -1069,6 +1071,9 @@
"text": "Lesotho Defense Force (LDF): Army (includes Air Wing) (2021)"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
"text": "1.6% of GDP (2020 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
"text": "1.5% of GDP (2019)"
},
@ -1080,9 +1085,6 @@
},
"Military Expenditures 2016": {
"text": "1.8% of GDP (2016)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2015": {
"text": "1.9% of GDP (2015)"
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {

26
africa/ly.json
View file

@ -440,7 +440,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> originally founded by the Phoenicians as Oea in the 7th century B.C., the city changed rulers many times over the successive centuries; by the beginning of the 3rd century A.D. the region around the city was referred to as Regio Tripolitana by the Romans, meaning \"region of the three cities\" - namely Oea (i.e., modern Tripoli), Sabratha (to the west), and Leptis Magna (to the east); over time, the shortened name of \"Tripoli\" came to refer to just Oea, which derives from the Greek words \"tria\" and \"polis\" meaning \"three cities\""
"etymology": {
"text": "originally founded by the Phoenicians as Oea in the 7th century B.C., the city changed rulers many times over the successive centuries; by the beginning of the 3rd century A.D. the region around the city was referred to as Regio Tripolitana by the Romans, meaning \"region of the three cities\" - namely Oea (i.e., modern Tripoli), Sabratha (to the west), and Leptis Magna (to the east); over time, the shortened name of \"Tripoli\" came to refer to just Oea, which derives from the Greek words \"tria\" and \"polis\" meaning \"three cities\""
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "22 governorates (muhafazah, singular - muhafazat); Al Butnan, Al Jabal al Akhdar, Al Jabal al Gharbi, Al Jafarah, Al Jufrah, Al Kufrah, Al Marj, Al Marqab, Al Wahat, An Nuqat al Khams, Az Zawiyah, Banghazi (Benghazi), Darnah, Ghat, Misratah, Murzuq, Nalut, Sabha, Surt, Tarabulus (Tripoli), Wadi al Hayat, Wadi ash Shati"
@ -479,17 +481,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age, universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral House of Representatives (Majlis Al Nuwab) or HoR (200 seats including 32 reserved for women; members directly elected by majority vote; member term NA); note - the High Council of State serves as an advisory group for the HoR"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 25 June 2014 ( next election to be held on 24 December 2021); note - the Libyan Supreme Court in November 2014 declared the HoR election unconstitutional, but the HoR and the international community rejected the ruling"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 158, women 30, percent of women 16%; note - only 188 of the 200 seats were filled in the June 2014&nbsp;election because of boycotts and lack of security at some polling stations; some elected members of the HoR also boycotted the election"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "Chairman, Presidential Council, Mohammed Al MENFI (since 5 February 2021)"
@ -507,6 +498,17 @@
"text": "on 5 February 2021, a UN-led forum elected - in a runoff - Mohammed Al MENFI&nbsp; chairman, Presidential Council and Abdul Hamid DBEIBEH, prime minister"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral House of Representatives (Majlis Al Nuwab) or HoR (200 seats including 32 reserved for women; members directly elected by majority vote; member term NA); note - the High Council of State serves as an advisory group for the HoR"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 25 June 2014 ( next election to be held on 24 December 2021); note - the Libyan Supreme Court in November 2014 declared the HoR election unconstitutional, but the HoR and the international community rejected the ruling"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 158, women 30, percent of women 16%; note - only 188 of the 200 seats were filled in the June 2014&nbsp;election because of boycotts and lack of security at some polling stations; some elected members of the HoR also boycotted the election"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "NA; note - government is in transition"

32
africa/ma.json
View file

@ -515,7 +515,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> the name, which means \"City of the Thousand,\" was bestowed by 17th century King Adrianjakaking to honor the soldiers assigned to guard the city"
"etymology": {
"text": "the name, which means \"City of the Thousand,\" was bestowed by 17th century King Adrianjakaking to honor the soldiers assigned to guard the city"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "6 provinces (faritany); Antananarivo, Antsiranana, Fianarantsoa, Mahajanga, Toamasina, Toliara"
@ -557,17 +559,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>Senate or Antenimieran-Doholona (reestablished on 22 January 2016, following the December 2015 senatorial election) (63 seats; 42 members indirectly elected by an electoral college of municipal, communal, regional, and provincial leaders and 21 appointed by the president of the republic; members serve 5-year terms); <strong>note </strong>- in December 2020 Pres RAJOELINA ordered that the senate now have only 18 seats, 6 of which are appointed by the president, the remaining 12 indirectly elected by an electoral college of municipal, communal, regional, and provincial leaders; opposition parties' boycotted this legislative election <br>National Assembly or Antenimierampirenena (151 seats; 87 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote and 64 directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by closed-list proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "Senate - last held 29 December 2015 (next to be held in 2021)<br>National Assembly - last held on 27 May 2019 (next to be held in 2024)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - HVM 34, TIM 3, MAPAR 2, LEADER-Fanilo 1, independent 2, appointed by the president 21; composition - men 51, women 12, percent of women 19%<br>National Assembly - percent of vote by party -Independent Pro-HVM 18%, MAPAR 17%, MAPAR pro-HVM 16%, VPM-MMM 10%, VERTS 3%, LEADER FANILO 3%, HIARAKA ISIKA 3%, GPS/ARD 7%,  INDEPENDENT 9%, TAMBATRA 1%, TIM 13%;  composition - men 120, women 31, percent of women 20.5%; note - total National Assembly percent of women 20.1%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Andry RAJOELINA (since 21 January 2019)"
@ -585,6 +576,17 @@
"text": "Andry RAJOELINA elected President in second round;&nbsp;percent of vote - Andry RAJOELINA&nbsp;(TGV) 55.7%, Marc RAVALOMANANA 44.3% (TIM)"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>Senate or Antenimieran-Doholona (reestablished on 22 January 2016, following the December 2015 senatorial election) (63 seats; 42 members indirectly elected by an electoral college of municipal, communal, regional, and provincial leaders and 21 appointed by the president of the republic; members serve 5-year terms); <strong>note </strong>- in December 2020 Pres RAJOELINA ordered that the senate now have only 18 seats, 6 of which are appointed by the president, the remaining 12 indirectly elected by an electoral college of municipal, communal, regional, and provincial leaders; opposition parties' boycotted this legislative election <br>National Assembly or Antenimierampirenena (151 seats; 87 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote and 64 directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by closed-list proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "Senate - last held 29 December 2015 (next to be held in 2021)<br>National Assembly - last held on 27 May 2019 (next to be held in 2024)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - HVM 34, TIM 3, MAPAR 2, LEADER-Fanilo 1, independent 2, appointed by the president 21; composition - men 51, women 12, percent of women 19%<br>National Assembly - percent of vote by party -Independent Pro-HVM 18%, MAPAR 17%, MAPAR pro-HVM 16%, VPM-MMM 10%, VERTS 3%, LEADER FANILO 3%, HIARAKA ISIKA 3%, GPS/ARD 7%,  INDEPENDENT 9%, TAMBATRA 1%, TIM 13%;  composition - men 120, women 31, percent of women 20.5%; note - total National Assembly percent of women 20.1%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court or Cour Supreme (consists of 11 members; addresses judicial administration issues only); High Constitutional Court or Haute Cour Constitutionnelle (consists of 9 members); note - the judiciary includes a High Court of Justice responsible for adjudicating crimes and misdemeanors by government officials, including the president"
@ -1133,6 +1135,9 @@
"text": "People's Armed Forces: Army, Navy, Air Force; National Gendarmerie (operates under the Ministry of Defense); Ministry of Public Security: National Police (2021)"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
"text": "0.8% of GDP (2020 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
"text": "0.6% of GDP (2019)"
},
@ -1144,9 +1149,6 @@
},
"Military Expenditures 2016": {
"text": "0.6% of GDP (2016)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2015": {
"text": "0.6% of GDP (2015)"
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {

32
africa/mi.json
View file

@ -508,7 +508,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> named after the Lilongwe River that flows through the city"
"etymology": {
"text": "named after the Lilongwe River that flows through the city"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "28 districts; Balaka, Blantyre, Chikwawa, Chiradzulu, Chitipa, Dedza, Dowa, Karonga, Kasungu, Likoma, Lilongwe, Machinga, Mangochi, Mchinji, Mulanje, Mwanza, Mzimba, Neno, Ntcheu, Nkhata Bay, Nkhotakota, Nsanje, Ntchisi, Phalombe, Rumphi, Salima, Thyolo, Zomba"
@ -550,17 +552,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National Assembly (193 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 21 May 2019 (next to be held in May 2024)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - n/a; seats by party - DPP 62, MCP 55, UDF 10, PP 5, other 5, independent 55, vacant 1; composition - men 161, women 32, percent of women 16.6%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Lazarus CHAKWERA (since 28 June 2020); Vice President Saulos CHILIMA (since 3 February 2020); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government&nbsp;"
@ -578,6 +569,17 @@
"text": "Lazarus CHAKWERA elected president; Lazarus CHAKWERA (MCP) 59.3%, Peter Mutharika (DPP) 39.9%, other 0.7%<br> <table class=\"wikitable\" style=\"text-align: right; height: 25px;\" width=\"5\"> <tbody> <tr> <td align=\"left\"> </td> <td align=\"left\"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table>"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National Assembly (193 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 21 May 2019 (next to be held in May 2024)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - n/a; seats by party - DPP 62, MCP 55, UDF 10, PP 5, other 5, independent 55, vacant 1; composition - men 161, women 32, percent of women 16.6%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court of Appeal (consists of the chief justice and at least 3 judges)"
@ -1123,6 +1125,9 @@
"text": "Malawi Defense Force (MDF): Army (includes marine unit), Air Force (established as a separate service August 2019; previously was an air wing under the Army) (2021)"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
"text": "0.9% of GDP (2020 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
"text": "0.9% of GDP (2019)"
},
@ -1134,9 +1139,6 @@
},
"Military Expenditures 2016": {
"text": "0.6% of GDP (2016)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2015": {
"text": "0.6% of GDP (2015)"
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {

32
africa/ml.json
View file

@ -513,7 +513,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> the name in the Bambara language can mean either \"crocodile tail\" or \"crocodile river\" and three crocodiles appear on the city seal"
"etymology": {
"text": "the name in the Bambara language can mean either \"crocodile tail\" or \"crocodile river\" and three crocodiles appear on the city seal"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "10 regions (regions, singular - region), 1 district*; District de Bamako*, Gao, Kayes, Kidal, Koulikoro, Menaka, Mopti, Segou, Sikasso, Taoudenni, Tombouctou (Timbuktu); note - Menaka and Taoudenni were legislated in 2016, but implementation has not been confirmed by the US Board on Geographic Names"
@ -555,17 +557,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (147 seats; members directly elected in single and multi-seat constituencies by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed; 13 seats reserved for citizens living abroad; members serve 5-year terms)<br><br>note - the National Assembly was dissolved on 18 August 2020 following a military coup and the resignation of President KEITA"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 30 March and 19 April 2020 (prior to the August 2020 coup, the next election was scheduled to be held in 2025)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA composition - NA"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "Transitional President Assimi GOITA (since 7 June 2021)<br><br>note: an August 2020 coup d'etat deposed President Ibrahim Boubacar KEITA; on 21 September 2020, a group of 17 electors chosen by the Malian military junta, known as the National Committee for the Salvation of the People (CNSP) and led by Colonel Assimi GOITA, selected Bah NDAW as transitional president; GOITA served as vice president of the transitional government which was inaugurated on 25 September 2020; Vice President GOITA seized power on 25 May 2021; NDAW resigned on 26 May 2021"
@ -583,6 +574,17 @@
"text": "Ibrahim Boubacar KEITA elected president in second round; percent of vote - Ibrahim Boubacar KEITA (RPM) 77.6%, Soumaila CISSE (URD) 22.4%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (147 seats; members directly elected in single and multi-seat constituencies by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed; 13 seats reserved for citizens living abroad; members serve 5-year terms)<br><br>note - the National Assembly was dissolved on 18 August 2020 following a military coup and the resignation of President KEITA"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 30 March and 19 April 2020 (prior to the August 2020 coup, the next election was scheduled to be held in 2025)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA composition - NA"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court or Cour Supreme (consists of 19 judges organized into judicial, administrative, and accounting sectons); Constitutional Court (consists of 9 judges)"
@ -1117,6 +1119,9 @@
"note": "note(s): the Gendarmerie and the National Guard are under the authority of the Ministry of Defense and Veterans Affairs (Ministere De La Defense Et Des Anciens Combattants, MDAC), but operational control is shared between the MDAC and the Ministry of Internal Security and Civil Protection<br><br>the Gendarmerie's primary mission is internal security and public order; its duties also include territorial defense, humanitarian operations, intelligence gathering, and protecting private property, mainly in rural areas<br><br>the National Guard is a military force responsible for providing security to government facilities and institutions, prison service, public order, humanitarian operations, some border security, and intelligence gathering; it has special units on camels (the Camel Corps) for patrolling the deserts and borders of northern Mali"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
"text": "3.4% of GDP (2020 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
"text": "2.7% of GDP (2019)"
},
@ -1128,9 +1133,6 @@
},
"Military Expenditures 2016": {
"text": "2.6% of GDP (2016)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2015": {
"text": "2.4% of GDP (2015)"
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {

26
africa/mo.json
View file

@ -539,7 +539,9 @@
"daylight saving time": {
"text": "+1 hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> name derives from the Arabic title \"Ribat el-Fath,\" meaning \"stronghold of victory,\" applied to the newly constructed citadel in 1170"
"etymology": {
"text": "name derives from the Arabic title \"Ribat el-Fath,\" meaning \"stronghold of victory,\" applied to the newly constructed citadel in 1170"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "12 regions; Beni Mellal-Khenifra, Casablanca-Settat, Dakhla-Oued Ed-Dahab, Draa-Tafilalet, Fes-Meknes, Guelmim-Oued Noun, Laayoune-Sakia El Hamra, Marrakech-Safi, Oriental, Rabat-Sale-Kenitra, Souss-Massa, Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima",
@ -582,17 +584,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>House of Councilors or Majlis al-Mustacharine (120 seats; members indirectly elected by an electoral college of local councils, professional organizations, and labor unions; members serve 6-year terms)<br>House of Representatives or Majlis al-Nuwab (395 seats; 305 members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote and 90 directly elected in a single nationwide constituency by proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms); note - in the national constituency, 60 seats are reserved for women and 30 reserved for those under age 40"
},
"elections": {
"text": "House of Councillors - last held on 2 October 2015 (next to be held in fall 2021)<br>House of Representatives - last held on 7 October 2016 (next to be held on 8 September 2021)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<br>Chamber of Advisors - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 106, women 14, percent of women 11.7%<br>Chamber of Representatives - percent of vote by party NA; seats by party - PJD 125, PAM 102, PI 46, RNI 37, MP 27, USFP 20, UC 19, PPS 12, MDS 3, other 4; composition - men 314, women 81, percent of women 20.5%; note - total Parliament percent of women 18.4%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "King MOHAMMED VI (since 30 July 1999)"
@ -607,6 +598,17 @@
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; prime minister appointed by the monarch from the majority party following legislative elections"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>House of Councilors or Majlis al-Mustacharine (120 seats; members indirectly elected by an electoral college of local councils, professional organizations, and labor unions; members serve 6-year terms)<br>House of Representatives or Majlis al-Nuwab (395 seats; 305 members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote and 90 directly elected in a single nationwide constituency by proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms); note - in the national constituency, 60 seats are reserved for women and 30 reserved for those under age 40"
},
"elections": {
"text": "House of Councillors - last held on 2 October 2015 (next to be held in fall 2021)<br>House of Representatives - last held on 7 October 2016 (next to be held on 8 September 2021)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<br>Chamber of Advisors - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 106, women 14, percent of women 11.7%<br>Chamber of Representatives - percent of vote by party NA; seats by party - PJD 125, PAM 102, PI 46, RNI 37, MP 27, USFP 20, UC 19, PPS 12, MDS 3, other 4; composition - men 314, women 81, percent of women 20.5%; note - total Parliament percent of women 18.4%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court or Court of Cassation (consists of 5-judge panels organized into civil, family matters, commercial, administrative, social, and criminal sections); Constitutional Court (consists of 12 members)"

32
africa/mp.json
View file

@ -463,7 +463,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+4 (9 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> named after Louis XV, who was king of France in 1736 when the port became the administrative center of Mauritius and a major reprovisioning stop for French ships traveling between Europe and Asia"
"etymology": {
"text": "named after Louis XV, who was king of France in 1736 when the port became the administrative center of Mauritius&nbsp;and a major reprovisioning stop for French ships traveling between Europe and Asia"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "9 districts and 3 dependencies*; Agalega Islands*, Black River, Cargados Carajos Shoals*, Flacq, Grand Port, Moka, Pamplemousses, Plaines Wilhems, Port Louis, Riviere du Rempart, Rodrigues*, Savanne"
@ -505,17 +507,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (70 seats maximum; 62 members directly elected multi-seat constituencies by simple majority vote and up to 8 seats allocated to non-elected party candidates by the Office of Electoral Commissioner; members serve a 5-year term)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on&nbsp;7&nbsp;November 2019&nbsp;(next to be held by late&nbsp;2024)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - MSM 61%, Labour Party 23%, MMM 13%, OPR 3%; elected seats by party&nbsp;as of - the Militant Socialist Movement (MSM) wins 38 seats, the Labour Party (PTR) or (MLP)&nbsp;14,&nbsp; Mauritian Militant Movement (MMM)&nbsp;8 and the Rodrigues People's Organization (OPR) 2; composition - men&nbsp;49,&nbsp;women 13; percent of women 20% (2019)"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Pritivirajsing ROOPUN (since December 2019); Vice President Marie Cyril Eddy Boiss&eacute;zon (2 December 2019) note - President Ameenah GURIB-FAKIM (since 5 June 2015) resigned on 23 March 2018 amid a credit card scandal"
@ -533,6 +524,17 @@
"text": "seats&nbsp;by party as of 7/11/2019- (MSM) 38, (PTR) 14, (MMM) 8, (OPR) 2;&nbsp;note - GURIB-FAKIM, Mauritius'- first female president, resigned on 23 March 2018 (2018)"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (70 seats maximum; 62 members directly elected multi-seat constituencies by simple majority vote and up to 8 seats allocated to non-elected party candidates by the Office of Electoral Commissioner; members serve a 5-year term)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on&nbsp;7&nbsp;November 2019&nbsp;(next to be held by late&nbsp;2024)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - MSM 61%, Labour Party 23%, MMM 13%, OPR 3%; elected seats by party&nbsp;as of - the Militant Socialist Movement (MSM) wins 38 seats, the Labour Party (PTR) or (MLP)&nbsp;14,&nbsp; Mauritian Militant Movement (MMM)&nbsp;8 and the Rodrigues People's Organization (OPR) 2; composition - men&nbsp;49,&nbsp;women 13; percent of women 20% (2019)"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court of Mauritius (consists of the chief justice, a senior puisne judge, and 18 puisne judges); note - the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (in London) serves as the final court of appeal"
@ -1066,6 +1068,9 @@
"text": "no regular military forces; the Mauritius Police Force (MPF) includes a paramilitary unit known as the Special Mobile Force, which is formed as a mobile infantry battalion; the PMF also has a Police Helicopter Squadron, a Special Support Unit (riot police), and the National Coast Guard (also includes an air squadron) (2021)"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
"text": "0.2% of GDP (2020 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
"text": "0.2% of GDP (2019)"
},
@ -1077,9 +1082,6 @@
},
"Military Expenditures 2016": {
"text": "0.2% of GDP (2016)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2015": {
"text": "0.2% of GDP (2015)"
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {

34
africa/mr.json
View file

@ -518,7 +518,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology: </strong>may derive from the Berber \"nawakshut\" meaning \"place of the winds\""
"etymology": {
"text": "may derive from the Berber \"nawakshut\" meaning \"place of the winds\""
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "15 regions (wilayas, singular - wilaya); Adrar, Assaba, Brakna, Dakhlet Nouadhibou, Gorgol, Guidimaka, Hodh ech Chargui, Hodh El Gharbi, Inchiri, Nouakchott Nord, Nouakchott Ouest, Nouakchott Sud, Tagant, Tiris Zemmour, Trarza"
@ -560,18 +562,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Parliament or Barlamane consists of the National Assembly or Al Jamiya Al Wataniya (157 seats; 113 members in single- and multi-seat constituencies directly elected by a combination of plurality and proportional representation voting systems, 40 members in a single, nationwide constituency directly elected by proportional representation vote, and 4 members directly elected by the diaspora; all members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "first held as the unicameral National Assembly in 2 rounds on 1 and 15 September 2018 (next to be held in 2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "National Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - NA"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> a referendum held in August 2017 approved a constitutional amendment to change the Parliament structure from bicameral to unicameral by abolishing the Senate and creating Regional Councils for local development"
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Mohamed Cheikh El GHAZOUANI (since 1 August 2019)"
@ -589,6 +579,18 @@
"text": "Mohamed Cheikh El GHAZOUANI elected president in first round; percent of vote - Mahamed Cheikh El GHAZOUANI (UPR) 52%, Biram Dah Ould ABEID (independent) 18.6%, Sidi Mohamed Ould BOUBACAR (independent) 17.9%, other 11.55%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Parliament or Barlamane consists of the National Assembly or Al Jamiya Al Wataniya (157 seats; 113 members in single- and multi-seat constituencies directly elected by a combination of plurality and proportional representation voting systems, 40 members in a single, nationwide constituency directly elected by proportional representation vote, and 4 members directly elected by the diaspora; all members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "first held as the unicameral National Assembly in 2 rounds on 1 and 15 September 2018 (next to be held in 2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "National Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - NA"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> a referendum held in August 2017 approved a constitutional amendment to change the Parliament structure from bicameral to unicameral by abolishing the Senate and creating Regional Councils for local development"
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court or Cour Supreme (subdivided into 7 chambers: 2 civil, 2 labor, 1 commercial, 1 administrative, and 1 criminal, each with a chamber president and 2 councilors ); Constitutional Council (consists of 6 members)"
@ -1143,6 +1145,9 @@
"text": "Mauritanian Armed Forces: Army, Mauritanian Navy (Marine Mauritanienne), Islamic Republic of Mauritania Air Group (Groupement Aerienne Islamique de Mauritanie, GAIM); Gendarmerie (Ministry of Defense); National Guard (Ministry of Interior) (2021)"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
"text": "2.5% of GDP (2020 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
"text": "2.8% of GDP (2019 est.)"
},
@ -1154,9 +1159,6 @@
},
"Military Expenditures 2016": {
"text": "2.9% of GDP (2016)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2015": {
"text": "2.8% of GDP (2015)"
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {

34
africa/mz.json
View file

@ -518,7 +518,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> reputedly named after the Maputo River, which drains into Maputo Bay south of the city"
"etymology": {
"text": "reputedly named after the Maputo River, which drains into Maputo Bay south of the city"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "10 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia), 1 city (cidade)*; Cabo Delgado, Gaza, Inhambane, Manica, Maputo, Cidade de Maputo*, Nampula, Niassa, Sofala, Tete, Zambezia"
@ -560,17 +562,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Assembly of the Republic or Assembleia da Republica (250 seats; 248 members elected in multi-seat constituencies by party-list proportional&nbsp;representation vote and 2 single members representing Mozambicans abroad directly elected by simple majority vote; members serve 5-year terms) (2019)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 15 October 2019 (next to be held on 15 October 2024) (2019)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - FRELIMO 71%, RENAMO 23%, MDM 4%; seats by party - FRELIMO 184, RENAMO 60, MDM 6; composition - men 151, women 99, percent of women 39.6% (2019)"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Filipe Jacinto NYUSI (since 15 January 2015, re-elected 15 Oct 2019); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government"
@ -588,6 +579,17 @@
"text": "Filipe NYUSI elected president in first round; percent of vote - Filipe NYUSI (FRELIMO) 73.0%,&nbsp;Ossufo MOMADE&nbsp;(RENAMO) 21.9%, Daviz SIMANGO (MDM) 5.1% (2019)"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Assembly of the Republic or Assembleia da Republica (250 seats; 248 members elected in multi-seat constituencies by party-list proportional&nbsp;representation vote and 2 single members representing Mozambicans abroad directly elected by simple majority vote; members serve 5-year terms) (2019)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 15 October 2019 (next to be held on 15 October 2024) (2019)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - FRELIMO 71%, RENAMO 23%, MDM 4%; seats by party - FRELIMO 184, RENAMO 60, MDM 6; composition - men 151, women 99, percent of women 39.6% (2019)"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court (consists of the court president, vice president, and 5 judges); Constitutional Council (consists of 7 judges); note - the Higher Council of the Judiciary Magistracy is responsible for judiciary management and discipline"
@ -1166,6 +1168,9 @@
"note": "note: the FADM and Ministry of Interior forces are referred to collectively as the Defense and Security Forces (DFS)"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
"text": "1% of GDP (2020 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
"text": "0.9% of GDP (2019)"
},
@ -1177,9 +1182,6 @@
},
"Military Expenditures 2016": {
"text": "1% of GDP (2016)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2015": {
"text": "0.8% of GDP (2015)"
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
@ -1189,7 +1191,7 @@
"text": "the FADM's inventory consists primarily of Soviet-era equipment, although since 2010 it has received limited quantities of more modern equipment from a variety of countries, mostly as aid/donations (2020)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the Government of Mozambique is facing a growing insurgency driven by militants with ties to the Islamic State terrorist group (ISIS-Mozambique, which was declared a Foreign Terrorist Organization by the US State Department in March 2021) in the northern province of Cabo Delgado, an area known for rich liquid natural gas deposits; insurgent attacks in the province began in 2017 and as of mid-2021, the fighting had left an estimated 2,500 dead and approximately 700,000 displaced; the FADM is widely assessed as lacking the training, equipment, and overall capabilities to address the insurgency"
"text": "the Government of Mozambique is facing a growing insurgency driven by militants with ties to the Islamic State terrorist group (ISIS-Mozambique, which was declared a Foreign Terrorist Organization by the US State Department in March 2021) in the northern province of Cabo Delgado, an area known for rich liquid natural gas deposits; insurgent attacks in the province began in 2017 and as of mid-2021, the fighting had left an estimated 2,500 dead and approximately 700,000 displaced; the FADM is widely assessed as lacking the training, equipment, and overall capabilities to address the insurgency; as of September 2021, several countries from the Southern Africa Development Community and the European Union, as well as Rwanda and the US are providing various forms of military assistance"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "registration for military service is mandatory for all males and females at 18 years of age; 18-35 years of age for selective compulsory military service; 18 years of age for voluntary service; 2-year service obligation; women may serve as officers or enlisted (2019)"

32
africa/ng.json
View file

@ -516,7 +516,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> according to tradition, the site was originally a fishing village named after a prominent local tree referred to as \"nia niam\""
"etymology": {
"text": "according to tradition, the site was originally a fishing village named after a prominent local tree referred to as \"nia niam\""
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "7 regions (regions, singular - region) and 1 capital district* (communaute urbaine); Agadez, Diffa, Dosso, Maradi, Niamey*, Tahoua, Tillaberi, Zinder"
@ -558,17 +560,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (171 seats; 158 members directly elected from 8 multi-member constituencies in 7 regions and Niamey by party-list proportional representation, 8 reserved for minorities elected in special single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote, 5 seats reserved for Nigeriens living abroad - l seat per continent - elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 21 February 2016 (next to be held on 27 December 2020)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - PNDS-Tarrayya 44.1%, MODEN/FA Lumana 14.7%, MNSD-Nassara 11.8%, MPR-Jamhuriya 7.1%, MNRD Hankuri-PSDN Alheri 3.5%, MPN-Kishin Kassa 2.9%, ANDP-Zaman Lahiya 2.4%, RSD-Gaskiya 2.4%, CDS-Rahama 1.8%, CPR-Inganci 1.8%, RDP-Jama'a 1.8%, AMEN AMIN 1.8%, other 3.9%; seats by party - PNDS-Tarrayya 75, MODEN/FA Lumana 25, MNSD-Nassara 20, MPR-Jamhuriya 12, MNRD Hankuri-PSDN Alheri 6, MPN-Kishin Kassa 5, ANDP-Zaman Lahiya 4, RSD-Gaskiya 4, CDS-Rahama 3, CPR-Inganci 3, RDP-Jama'a 3, RDP-Jama'a 3, AMEN AMIN 3, other 8; composition - men 146, women 24 percent of women 14.6%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Mohamed BAZOUM (since 2 April 2021)"
@ -586,6 +577,17 @@
"text": "percent of vote in 2020 first round - Mohamed BAZOUM (PNDS-Tarrayya) 39.33%, Mahamane OUSMANE (MODEN/FA Lumana Africa) 17%, Seini OUMAROU (MNSD-Nassara) 8.95%, Albade ABOUDA (MPR-Jamhuriya) 7.07%<br><br>2016 results: ISSOUFOU Mahamadou reelected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - ISSOUFOU Mahamadou (PNDS-Tarrayya) 48.6%, Hama AMADOU (MODEN/FA Lumana Africa) 17.8%, Seini OUMAROU (MNSD-Nassara) 11.3%, other 22.3%; percent of vote in second round - ISSOUFOU Mahamadou 92%, Hama AMADOU 8%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (171 seats; 158 members directly elected from 8 multi-member constituencies in 7 regions and Niamey by party-list proportional representation, 8 reserved for minorities elected in special single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote, 5 seats reserved for Nigeriens living abroad - l seat per continent - elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 21 February 2016 (next to be held on 27 December 2020)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - PNDS-Tarrayya 44.1%, MODEN/FA Lumana 14.7%, MNSD-Nassara 11.8%, MPR-Jamhuriya 7.1%, MNRD Hankuri-PSDN Alheri 3.5%, MPN-Kishin Kassa 2.9%, ANDP-Zaman Lahiya 2.4%, RSD-Gaskiya 2.4%, CDS-Rahama 1.8%, CPR-Inganci 1.8%, RDP-Jama'a 1.8%, AMEN AMIN 1.8%, other 3.9%; seats by party - PNDS-Tarrayya 75, MODEN/FA Lumana 25, MNSD-Nassara 20, MPR-Jamhuriya 12, MNRD Hankuri-PSDN Alheri 6, MPN-Kishin Kassa 5, ANDP-Zaman Lahiya 4, RSD-Gaskiya 4, CDS-Rahama 3, CPR-Inganci 3, RDP-Jama'a 3, RDP-Jama'a 3, AMEN AMIN 3, other 8; composition - men 146, women 24 percent of women 14.6%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Constitutional Court (consists of 7 judges); High Court of Justice (consists of 7 members)"
@ -1131,6 +1133,9 @@
"note": "note: the Gendarmerie is subordinate to the Ministry of Defense and has primary responsibility for rural security; the National Guard is responsible for domestic security and the protection of high-level officials and government buildings"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
"text": "2.1% of GDP (2020 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
"text": "1.8% of GDP (2019)"
},
@ -1142,9 +1147,6 @@
},
"Military Expenditures 2016": {
"text": "2.2% of GDP (2016)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2015": {
"text": "2.1% of GDP (2015)"
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {

32
africa/ni.json
View file

@ -518,7 +518,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> Abuja is a planned capital city, it replaced Lagos in 1991; situated in the center of the country, Abuja takes its name from a nearby town, now renamed Suleja"
"etymology": {
"text": "Abuja is a planned capital city, it replaced Lagos in 1991; situated in the center of the country, Abuja takes its name from a nearby town, now renamed Suleja"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "36 states and 1 territory*; Abia, Adamawa, Akwa Ibom, Anambra, Bauchi, Bayelsa, Benue, Borno, Cross River, Delta, Ebonyi, Edo, Ekiti, Enugu, Federal Capital Territory*, Gombe, Imo, Jigawa, Kaduna, Kano, Katsina, Kebbi, Kogi, Kwara, Lagos, Nasarawa, Niger, Ogun, Ondo, Osun, Oyo, Plateau, Rivers, Sokoto, Taraba, Yobe, Zamfara"
@ -560,17 +562,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral National Assembly consists of:<br>Senate (109 seats - 3 each for the 36 states and 1 for Abuja-Federal Capital Territory; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 4-year terms)<br> House of Representatives (360 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 4-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "Senate - last held on 23 February 2019 (next to be held on 23 February 2023); note: election was scheduled for 16 February 2019 but was postponed on 15 February 2019<br> House of Representatives - last held on 23 February 2019 (next to be held on 23 February 2023); note: election was scheduled for 16 February 2019 but was postponed on 15 February 2019"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - APC 65, PDP 39, YPP 1, TBD 3; composition - men 103, women 6, percent of women 5.5%<br> House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - APC 217, PDP 115, other 20, TBD 8; composition - men 346, women 14, percent of women 3.9%; note - total National Assembly percent of women 4.3%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Maj. Gen. (ret.) Muhammadu BUHARI (since 29 May 2015); Vice President Oluyemi \"Yemi\" OSINBAJO (since 29 May 2015); note - the president is both chief of state, head of government, and commander-in-chief of the armed forces"
@ -588,6 +579,17 @@
"text": "Muhammadu BUHARI elected president; percent of vote - Muhammadu BUHARI (APC) 53%, Atiku ABUBAKER (PDP) 39%, other 8%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral National Assembly consists of:<br>Senate (109 seats - 3 each for the 36 states and 1 for Abuja-Federal Capital Territory; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 4-year terms)<br> House of Representatives (360 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 4-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "Senate - last held on 23 February 2019 (next to be held on 23 February 2023); note: election was scheduled for 16 February 2019 but was postponed on 15 February 2019<br> House of Representatives - last held on 23 February 2019 (next to be held on 23 February 2023); note: election was scheduled for 16 February 2019 but was postponed on 15 February 2019"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - APC 65, PDP 39, YPP 1, TBD 3; composition - men 103, women 6, percent of women 5.5%<br> House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - APC 217, PDP 115, other 20, TBD 8; composition - men 346, women 14, percent of women 3.9%; note - total National Assembly percent of women 4.3%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice and 15 justices)"
@ -1180,6 +1182,9 @@
"text": "Nigerian Armed Forces: Army, Navy (includes Coast Guard), Air Force; Ministry of Interior: Nigeria Security and Civil Defence Corps (NSCDC, a paramilitary agency commissioned to assist the military in the management of threats to internal security, including attacks and natural disasters) (2021)"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
"text": "0.6% of GDP (2020)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
"text": "0.5% of GDP (2019)"
},
@ -1191,9 +1196,6 @@
},
"Military Expenditures 2016": {
"text": "0.4% of GDP (2016)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2015": {
"text": "0.4% of GDP (2015)"
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {

38
africa/od.json
View file

@ -465,7 +465,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> the name derives from Djouba, another name for the Bari people of South Sudan"
"etymology": {
"text": "the name derives from Djouba, another name for the Bari people of South Sudan"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "10 states; Central Equatoria, Eastern Equatoria, Jonglei, Lakes, Northern Bahr el Ghazal, Unity, Upper Nile, Warrap, Western Bahr el Ghazal, Western Equatoria; note - in 2015, the creation of 28 new states was announced and in 2017 four additional; following the February 2020 peace agreement, the country was reportedly again reorganized into the 10 original states,&nbsp;plus 2 administrative areas, Pibor and Ruweng, and 1 special administrative status area, Abyei; this latest administrative revision has not yet been vetted by the US Board on Geographic Names"
@ -501,17 +503,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral National Legislature consists of:<br>Council of States, established by presidential decree in August 2011 (50 seats; 20 former members of the Council of States and 30 appointed representatives)<br> Transitional National Legislative Assembly, established on 4 August 2016, in accordance with the August 2015 Agreement on the Resolution of the Conflict in the Republic of South Sudan (400 seats; 170 members elected in April 2010, 96 members of the former National Assembly, 66 members appointed after independence, and 68 members added as a result of the 2016 Agreement); the TNLA will be expanded to 550 members after the transitional government forms"
},
"elections": {
"text": "<br>Council of States - established and members appointed 1 August 2011<br> National Legislative Assembly - last held 11-15 April 2010 but did not take office until July 2011; current parliamentary term extended until 2021)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<br>Council of States - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - SPLM 20, unknown 30; composition - men 44, women 6, percent of women 12%<br> National Legislative Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - SPLM 251, DCP 10, independent 6, unknown 133; composition - men 291, women 109, percent of women 27.3%; note - total National Legislature percent of women 25.6%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Salva KIIR Mayardit (since 9 July 2011); First Vice President Riek MACHAR Teny Dhurgon (since 22 February 2020); Vice President James Wani IGGA (since 26 April 2016); Vice President TABAN Deng Gai (since 22 February 2020); Vice President Rebecca Nyandeng Chol GARANG de Mabior (since 22 February 2020); Vice President Hussein ABDELBAGI Ayii (since 22 February 2020); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government"
@ -529,6 +520,17 @@
"text": "Salva KIIR Mayardit elected president; percent of vote - Salva KIIR Mayardit (SPLM) 93%, Lam AKOL (SPLM-DC) 7%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral National Legislature consists of:<br>Council of States, established by presidential decree in August 2011 (50 seats; 20 former members of the Council of States and 30 appointed representatives)<br> Transitional National Legislative Assembly, established on 4 August 2016, in accordance with the August 2015 Agreement on the Resolution of the Conflict in the Republic of South Sudan (400 seats; 170 members elected in April 2010, 96 members of the former National Assembly, 66 members appointed after independence, and 68 members added as a result of the 2016 Agreement); the TNLA will be expanded to 550 members after the transitional government forms"
},
"elections": {
"text": "<br>Council of States - established and members appointed 1 August 2011<br> National Legislative Assembly - last held 11-15 April 2010 but did not take office until July 2011; current parliamentary term extended until 2021)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<br>Council of States - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - SPLM 20, unknown 30; composition - men 44, women 6, percent of women 12%<br> National Legislative Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - SPLM 251, DCP 10, independent 6, unknown 133; composition - men 291, women 109, percent of women 27.3%; note - total National Legislature percent of women 25.6%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court of South Sudan (consists of the chief and deputy chief justices, 9 other justices and normally organized into panels of 3 justices, except when sitting as a Constitutional panel of all 9 justices chaired by the chief justice)"
@ -987,6 +989,9 @@
"text": "South Sudan People&rsquo;s Defence Force (SSPDF): Ground Force (includes Presidential Guard), Air Force, Air Defense Forces (2021)"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
"text": "2.3% of GDP (2020 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
"text": "3.5% of GDP (2019 est.)"
},
@ -998,9 +1003,6 @@
},
"Military Expenditures 2016": {
"text": "4.6% of GDP (2016 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2015": {
"text": "10.6% of GDP (2015 est.)"
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
@ -1010,11 +1012,11 @@
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the SSPDF inventory is primarily of Soviet origin; from 2010 to 2015, Russia and the United Arab Emirates were the leading suppliers of arms and equipment; South Sudan has been under a UN arms embargo since 2018 (2020)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18 is the legal minimum age for compulsory and voluntary military service; the Government of South Sudan signed agreements in March 2012 and August 2015 that included the demobilization of all child soldiers within the armed forces and opposition, but the recruitment of child soldiers by the warring parties continues; as of July 2019, UNICEF estimated that more than 19,000 child soldiers had been used in the country's civil war since it began in December 2013 (2019)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the South Sudan People’s Defense Force (SSPDF), formerly the Sudan People’s Liberation Army (SPLA), was founded as a guerrilla movement against the Sudanese Government in 1983 and participated in the Second Sudanese Civil War (1983-2005); the Juba Declaration that followed the Comprehensive Peace Agreement of 2005 unified the SPLA and the South Sudan Defense Forces (SSDF), the second-largest rebel militia remaining from the civil war, under the SPLA name; in 2017, the SPLA was renamed the South Sudan Defense Forces (SSDF) and in September 2018 was renamed again as the SSPDF<br><br>under the September 2018 peace agreement, all armed groups in South Sudan were to assemble at designated sites where fighters could be either disarmed and demobilized, or integrated into unified military and police forces; the unified forces were then to be retrained and deployed prior to the formation of a national unity government; all fighters were ordered to these sites in July 2019; some progress toward merging the various armed forces into a national army has been made; for example, in May 2020, South Sudan announced that it was graduating some unified forces at various training centers across the country, and in June the SSPDF incorporated some senior officers from the main opposition force, the Sudan People's Liberation Movement Army - in Opposition (SPLM/A-IO) into its rank structure; nevertheless, overall progress has been slow, and as of early 2021 armed clashes continued to occur between government forces and armed militant groups in several states<br><br>the United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) has operated in the country since 2011 with the objectives of consolidating peace and security and helping establish conditions for the successful economic and political development of South Sudan; UNMISS had more than 19,000 personnel, including about 14,000 troops, deployed in the country as of March 2021<br><br>United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) has operated in the disputed Abyei region along the border between Sudan and South Sudan since 2011; UNISFA's mission includes ensuring security, protecting civilians, strengthening the capacity of the Abyei Police Service, de-mining, monitoring/verifying the redeployment of armed forces from the area, and facilitating the flow of humanitarian aid; as of July 2021, UNISFA had some 3,800 personnel deployed"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18 is the legal minimum age for compulsory and voluntary military service; the Government of South Sudan signed agreements in March 2012 and August 2015 that included the demobilization of all child soldiers within the armed forces and opposition, but the recruitment of child soldiers by the warring parties continues; as of July 2019, UNICEF estimated that more than 19,000 child soldiers had been used in the country's civil war since it began in December 2013 (2019)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

26
africa/pu.json
View file

@ -480,7 +480,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> the meaning of Bissau is uncertain, it might be an alternative name for the Papel people who live in the area of the city of Bissau"
"etymology": {
"text": "the meaning of Bissau is uncertain, it might be an alternative name for the Papel people who live in the area of the city of Bissau"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "9 regions (regioes, singular - regiao); Bafata, Biombo, Bissau, Bolama/Bijagos, Cacheu, Gabu, Oio, Quinara, Tombali"
@ -522,17 +524,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National People's Assembly or Assembleia Nacional Popular (102 seats; 100 members directly elected in 27 multi-seat constituencies by closed party-list proportional representation vote and 2 elected in single-seat constituencies for citizens living abroad (1 for Africa, 1 for Europe); all members serve 4-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 10 March 2019 (next to be held in March 2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - PAIGC 35.2%, Madem G-15 21.1%, PRS 21.1%, other 22.6%; seats by party - PAIGC 47, Madem G-15 27, PRS 21, other 7; composition - men 88, women 14, percent of women 13.7%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "&nbsp;President Umaro Cissoko EMBALO (since 27 February 2020); note - President EMBALO was declared winner of the 29 December 2019 runoff presidential election by the electoral commission; however, on 28 February 2020, Cipriano CASSAMA was appointed as interim president by the parliament until the Supreme Court rules on the legitimacy of the elections due to alleged irregularities in voting; CASSAMA resigned the following day stating he had received death threats&nbsp;"
@ -550,6 +541,17 @@
"text": "Umaro Sissoco EMBALO elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Domingos Simoes PEREIRA (PAIGC) 40.1%, Umaro Sissoco EMBALO (Madem G15) 27.7%, Nuno Gomez NABIAM (APU-PDGB) 13.2%, Jose Mario VAZ (independent) 12.4%, other 6.6%; percent of vote in second round - Umaro Sissoco EMBALO 53.6%, Domingos Simoes PEREIRA 46.5%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National People's Assembly or Assembleia Nacional Popular (102 seats; 100 members directly elected in 27 multi-seat constituencies by closed party-list proportional representation vote and 2 elected in single-seat constituencies for citizens living abroad (1 for Africa, 1 for Europe); all members serve 4-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 10 March 2019 (next to be held in March 2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - PAIGC 35.2%, Madem G-15 21.1%, PRS 21.1%, other 22.6%; seats by party - PAIGC 47, Madem G-15 27, PRS 21, other 7; composition - men 88, women 14, percent of women 13.7%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court or Supremo Tribunal de Justica (consists of 9 judges and organized into Civil, Criminal, and Social and Administrative Disputes Chambers); note - the Supreme Court has both appellate and constitutional jurisdiction"

32
africa/rw.json
View file

@ -498,7 +498,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> the city takes its name from nearby Mount Kigali; the name \"Kigali\" is composed of the Bantu prefix \"ki\" and the Rwandan \"gali\" meaning \"broad\" and likely refers to the broad, sprawling hill that has been dignified with the title of \"mount\""
"etymology": {
"text": "the city takes its name from nearby Mount Kigali; the name \"Kigali\" is composed of the Bantu prefix \"ki\" and the Rwandan \"gali\" meaning \"broad\" and likely refers to the broad, sprawling hill that has been dignified with the title of \"mount\""
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "4 provinces (in French - provinces, singular - province; in Kinyarwanda - intara for singular and plural) and 1 city* (in French - ville; in Kinyarwanda - umujyi); Est (Eastern), Kigali*, Nord (Northern), Ouest (Western), Sud (Southern)"
@ -540,17 +542,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>Senate or Senat (26 seats; 12 members indirectly elected by local councils, 8 appointed by the president, 4 appointed by the Political Organizations Forum - a body of registered political parties, and 2 selected by institutions of higher learning; members serve 8-year terms)<br> Chamber of Deputies or Chambre des Deputes (80 seats; 53 members directly elected by proportional representation vote, 24 women selected by special interest groups, and 3 selected by youth and disability organizations; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "<br>Senate - last held on 16-18 September 2019 (next to be held in 2027)<br> Chamber of Deputies - last held on 3 September 2018 (next to be held in September 2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 16, women 10, percent of women 38.5%<br><br>Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Rwandan Patriotic Front Coalition 40, PSD 5, PL 4, other 4 indirectly elected 27; composition - men 26, women 54, percent of women 67.5%; note - total Parliament percent of women 60.4%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Paul KAGAME (since 22 April 2000)"
@ -568,6 +559,17 @@
"text": "Paul KAGAME reelected president; Paul KAGAME (RPF) 98.8%, Philippe MPAYIMANA (independent) 0.7%, Frank HABINEZA (DGPR)0.5%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>Senate or Senat (26 seats; 12 members indirectly elected by local councils, 8 appointed by the president, 4 appointed by the Political Organizations Forum - a body of registered political parties, and 2 selected by institutions of higher learning; members serve 8-year terms)<br> Chamber of Deputies or Chambre des Deputes (80 seats; 53 members directly elected by proportional representation vote, 24 women selected by special interest groups, and 3 selected by youth and disability organizations; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "<br>Senate - last held on 16-18 September 2019 (next to be held in 2027)<br> Chamber of Deputies - last held on 3 September 2018 (next to be held in September 2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 16, women 10, percent of women 38.5%<br><br>Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Rwandan Patriotic Front Coalition 40, PSD 5, PL 4, other 4 indirectly elected 27; composition - men 26, women 54, percent of women 67.5%; note - total Parliament percent of women 60.4%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court (consists of the chief and deputy chief justices and 15 judges; normally organized into 3-judge panels); High Court (consists of the court president, vice president, and a minimum of 24 judges and organized into 5 chambers)"
@ -1105,6 +1107,9 @@
"text": "Rwanda Defense Force (RDF): Rwanda Army (Rwanda Land Force), Rwanda Air Force (Force Aerienne Rwandaise, FAR), Rwanda Reserve Force (2021)"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
"text": "1.3% of GDP (2020)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
"text": "1.2% of GDP (2019)"
},
@ -1116,9 +1121,6 @@
},
"Military Expenditures 2016": {
"text": "1.2% of GDP (2016)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2015": {
"text": "1.2% of GDP (2015)"
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {

32
africa/se.json
View file

@ -435,7 +435,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+4 (9 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> founded as L'etablissement in 1778 by French colonists, the town was renamed in 1841 by the British after Queen Victoria (1819-1901); \"victoria\" is the Latin word for \"victory\""
"etymology": {
"text": "founded as L'etablissement in 1778 by French colonists, the town was renamed in 1841 by the British after Queen Victoria (1819-1901); \"victoria\" is the Latin word for \"victory\""
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "27 administrative districts; Anse aux Pins, Anse Boileau, Anse Etoile, Anse Royale, Au Cap, Baie Lazare, Baie Sainte Anne, Beau Vallon, Bel Air, Bel Ombre, Cascade, Glacis, Grand Anse Mahe, Grand Anse Praslin, Ile Perseverance I, Ile Perseverance II, La Digue, La Riviere Anglaise, Les Mamelles, Mont Buxton, Mont Fleuri, Plaisance, Pointe Larue, Port Glaud, Roche Caiman, Saint Louis, Takamaka"
@ -477,17 +479,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (35 seats in the 2020 -25 term; 26 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote and up to 9 members elected by proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 22-24 Oct 2020 (next to be held&nbsp;October 2025); note - the election was originally scheduled for 2021 but was moved up a year and will be held alongside the presidential election in order to cut election costs"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - LDS 54.8%, US 42.3% , other 2.9%; seats by party - LDS 25, US10; composition - men 25, women 10, percent of women 29%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Wavel RAMKALAWAN (since 26 October 2020); Vice President Ahmed AFIF (since 27 October 2020); the president is both chief of state and head of government"
@ -505,6 +496,17 @@
"text": "Wavel RAMKALAWAN elected president; Wavel RAMKALAWAN (LDS) 54.9%, Danny FAURE (US) 43.5%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (35 seats in the 2020 -25 term; 26 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote and up to 9 members elected by proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 22-24 Oct 2020 (next to be held&nbsp;October 2025); note - the election was originally scheduled for 2021 but was moved up a year and will be held alongside the presidential election in order to cut election costs"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - LDS 54.8%, US 42.3% , other 2.9%; seats by party - LDS 25, US10; composition - men 25, women 10, percent of women 29%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Seychelles Court of Appeal (consists of the court president and 4 justices); Supreme Court of Seychelles (consists of the chief justice and 9 puisne judges); Constitutional Court (consists of 3 Supreme Court judges)"
@ -1028,6 +1030,9 @@
"text": "Seychelles People&rsquo;s Defence Forces (SPDF): Army (includes infantry, special forces, and a presidential security unit), Coast Guard, and Air Force (2020)"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
"text": "1.6% of GDP (2020)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
"text": "1.3% of GDP (2019)"
},
@ -1039,9 +1044,6 @@
},
"Military Expenditures 2016": {
"text": "1.4% of GDP (2016)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2015": {
"text": "1.2% of GDP (2015)"
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {

28
africa/sf.json
View file

@ -504,7 +504,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> Pretoria is named in honor of Andries PRETORIUS, the father of voortrekker (pioneer) leader Marthinus PRETORIUS; Cape Town reflects its location on the Cape of Good Hope; Bloemfontein is a combination of the Dutch words \"bloem\" (flower) and \"fontein\" (fountain) meaning \"fountain of flowers\""
"etymology": {
"text": "Pretoria is named in honor of Andries PRETORIUS, the father of voortrekker (pioneer) leader Marthinus PRETORIUS; Cape Town reflects its location on the Cape of Good Hope; Bloemfontein is a combination of the Dutch words \"bloem\" (flower) and \"fontein\" (fountain) meaning \"fountain of flowers\""
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "9 provinces; Eastern Cape, Free State, Gauteng, KwaZulu-Natal, Limpopo, Mpumalanga, Northern Cape, North West, Western Cape"
@ -546,17 +548,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>National Council of Provinces (90 seats; 10-member delegations appointed by each of the 9 provincial legislatures to serve 5-year terms; note - the Council has special powers to protect regional interests, including safeguarding cultural and linguistic traditions among ethnic minorities)<br> National Assembly (400 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote to serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "National Council of Provinces and National Assembly - last held on 8 May 2019 (next to be held in 2024)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "National Council of Provinces - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - ANC 29, DA 13, EFF 9, FF+ 2, IFP 1; note - 36 appointed seats not filled<br> National Assembly - percent of vote by party - ANC 57.5%, DA 20.8%, EFF 10.8%, IFP 3.8%, FF+ 2.4%, other 4.7%; seats by party - ANC 230, DA 84, EFF 44, IFP 14, FF+ 10, other 18; composition - men 237, women 163, percent of women 40.8%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Matamela Cyril RAMAPHOSA (since 15 February 2018); Deputy President David MABUZA (26 February 2018); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government; Jacob ZUMA resigned the presidency on 14 February 2018&nbsp;"
@ -574,6 +565,17 @@
"text": "Matamela Cyril RAMAPHOSA (ANC) elected president by the National Assembly unopposed"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>National Council of Provinces (90 seats; 10-member delegations appointed by each of the 9 provincial legislatures to serve 5-year terms; note - the Council has special powers to protect regional interests, including safeguarding cultural and linguistic traditions among ethnic minorities)<br> National Assembly (400 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote to serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "National Council of Provinces and National Assembly - last held on 8 May 2019 (next to be held in 2024)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "National Council of Provinces - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - ANC 29, DA 13, EFF 9, FF+ 2, IFP 1; note - 36 appointed seats not filled<br> National Assembly - percent of vote by party - ANC 57.5%, DA 20.8%, EFF 10.8%, IFP 3.8%, FF+ 2.4%, other 4.7%; seats by party - ANC 230, DA 84, EFF 44, IFP 14, FF+ 10, other 18; composition - men 237, women 163, percent of women 40.8%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court of Appeals (consists of the court president, deputy president, and 21 judges); Constitutional Court (consists of the chief and deputy chief justices and 9 judges)"
@ -1173,7 +1175,7 @@
"text": "0.9% of GDP (2021 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
"text": "1% of GDP (2020 est.)"
"text": "1.1% of GDP (2020 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
"text": "1% of GDP (2019)"

32
africa/sg.json
View file

@ -523,7 +523,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> the Atlantic coast trading settlement of Ndakaaru came to be called \"Dakar\" by French colonialists"
"etymology": {
"text": "the Atlantic coast trading settlement of Ndakaaru came to be called \"Dakar\" by French colonialists"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "14 regions (regions, singular - region); Dakar, Diourbel, Fatick, Kaffrine, Kaolack, Kedougou, Kolda, Louga, Matam, Saint-Louis, Sedhiou, Tambacounda, Thies, Ziguinchor"
@ -565,17 +567,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "<em></em>unicameral National Assembly or <em>Assemblée</em> Nationale (165 seats; 105 members including 15 representing Senegalese diaspora directly elected by plurality vote in single- and multi-seat constituencies and 60 members directly elected by proportional representation vote in single- and multi-seat constituencies)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "National Assembly - last held on 2 July 2017 (next to be held in July 2022)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "National Assembly results - percent of vote by party/coalition - BBK 49.5%, CGWS 16.7%, MTS 11.7%, PUR 4.7%, CP-Kaddu Askan Wi 2%, other 15.4%; seats by party/coalition - BBY 125, CGWS 19, MTS 7, PUR 3, CP-Kaddu Askan Wi 2, other 9; composition - men 96, women 69, percent of women 41.8%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Macky SALL (since 2 April 2012)"
@ -593,6 +584,17 @@
"text": "Macky SALL elected president in first round; percent of vote - Macky SALL (APR) 58.3%, Idrissa SECK (Rewmi) 20.5%, Ousmane SONKO (PASTEF) 15.7%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "<em></em>unicameral National Assembly or <em>Assemblée</em> Nationale (165 seats; 105 members including 15 representing Senegalese diaspora directly elected by plurality vote in single- and multi-seat constituencies and 60 members directly elected by proportional representation vote in single- and multi-seat constituencies)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "National Assembly - last held on 2 July 2017 (next to be held in July 2022)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "National Assembly results - percent of vote by party/coalition - BBK 49.5%, CGWS 16.7%, MTS 11.7%, PUR 4.7%, CP-Kaddu Askan Wi 2%, other 15.4%; seats by party/coalition - BBY 125, CGWS 19, MTS 7, PUR 3, CP-Kaddu Askan Wi 2, other 9; composition - men 96, women 69, percent of women 41.8%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court or Cour Supreme (consists of the court president and 12 judges and organized into civil and commercial, criminal, administrative, and social chambers); Constitutional Council or Conseil Constitutionel (consists of 7 members, including the court president, vice president, and 5 judges)"
@ -1149,6 +1151,9 @@
"text": "Senegalese Armed Forces (Forces Armées Sénégalaises, FAS): Army, Senegalese National Navy (Marine Senegalaise, MNS), Senegalese Air Force (Armee de l'Air du Senegal), National Gendarmerie (includes Territorial and Mobile components) (2021)"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
"text": "1.5% of GDP (2020)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
"text": "1.5% of GDP (2019 est.)"
},
@ -1160,9 +1165,6 @@
},
"Military Expenditures 2016": {
"text": "1.6% of GDP (2016)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2015": {
"text": "1.2% of GDP (2015)"
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {

34
africa/sh.json
View file

@ -301,12 +301,12 @@
"text": "Saint Helena was discovered in 1502 by Galician navigator Joao da NOVA, sailing in the service of the Kingdom of Portugal, who named it \"Santa Helena\"; Ascension was named in 1503 by Portuguese navigator Afonso de ALBUQUERQUE who sighted the island on the Feast Day of the Ascension; Tristan da Cunha was discovered in 1506 by Portuguese explorer Tristao da CUNHA who christened the main island after himself (the name was subsequently anglicized)"
}
},
"Dependency status": {
"text": "overseas territory of the UK"
},
"Government type": {
"text": "parliamentary democracy"
},
"Dependency status": {
"text": "Overseas Territory of the UK"
},
"Capital": {
"name": {
"text": "Jamestown"
@ -317,7 +317,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> founded in 1659 and named after James, Duke of York, who would become King James II of England (r. 1785-1788)"
"etymology": {
"text": "founded in 1659 and named after James, Duke of York, who would become King James II of England (r. 1785-1788)"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "3 administrative areas; Ascension, Saint Helena, Tristan da Cunha"
@ -342,18 +344,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Legislative Council (17 seats including the speaker and deputy speaker; 12 members directly elected in a single countrywide constituency by simple majority vote and 3 ex-officio members - the chief secretary, financial secretary, and attorney general; members serve 4-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 26 July 2017 (next to be held in 2021)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote - NA; seats by party - independent 12; composition - men 14, women 3, percent women 17.6%"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the Constitution Order provides for separate Island Councils for both Ascension and Tristan da Cunha"
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952)"
@ -369,6 +359,18 @@
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the constitution order provides for an administrator for Ascension and Tristan da Cunha appointed by the governor"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Legislative Council (17 seats including the speaker and deputy speaker; 12 members directly elected in a single countrywide constituency by simple majority vote and 3 ex-officio members - the chief secretary, financial secretary, and attorney general; members serve 4-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 26 July 2017 (next to be held in 2021)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote - NA; seats by party - independent 12; composition - men 14, women 3, percent women 17.6%"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the Constitution Order provides for separate Island Councils for both Ascension and Tristan da Cunha"
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Court of Appeal (consists of the court president and 2 justices); Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice - a nonresident - and NA judges); note - appeals beyond the Court of Appeal are heard by the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (in London)"

32
africa/sl.json
View file

@ -506,7 +506,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> name derived from the fact that the original settlement served as a haven for free-born and freed African Americans, as well as for liberated Africans rescued from slave ships"
"etymology": {
"text": "name derived from the fact that the original settlement served as a haven for free-born and freed African Americans, as well as for liberated Africans rescued from slave ships"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "4 provinces and 1 area*; Eastern, Northern, North Western, Southern, Western*"
@ -548,17 +550,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Parliament (146 seats; 132 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote and 14 seats filled in separate elections by non-partisan members of Parliament called \"paramount chiefs;\" members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 7 March 2018 (next to be held in March 2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - n/a; seats by party - APC 68, SLPP 49, C4C 8, other 7; composition - men 131, women 15, percent of women 10.3%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Julius Maada BIO (since 4 April 2018); Vice President Mohamed Juldeh JALLOH (since 4 April 2018) ; note - the president is both chief of state, head of government, and minister of defense&nbsp;"
@ -576,6 +567,17 @@
"text": "Julius Maada BIO elected president in second round; percent of vote - Julius Maada BIO (SLPP) 51.8%, Samura KAMARA (APC) 48.2%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Parliament (146 seats; 132 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote and 14 seats filled in separate elections by non-partisan members of Parliament called \"paramount chiefs;\" members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 7 March 2018 (next to be held in March 2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - n/a; seats by party - APC 68, SLPP 49, C4C 8, other 7; composition - men 131, women 15, percent of women 10.3%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Superior Court of Judicature (consists of the Supreme Court - at the apex - with the chief justice and 4 other judges, the Court of Appeal with the chief justice and 7 other judges, and the High Court of Justice with the chief justice and 9 other judges); note &ndash; the Judicature has jurisdiction in all civil, criminal, and constitutional matters"
@ -1101,6 +1103,9 @@
"text": "Republic of Sierra Leone Armed Forces (RSLAF): combined ground, air, and maritime forces (2020)"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
"text": "0.5% of GDP (2020 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
"text": "0.7% of GDP (2019)"
},
@ -1112,9 +1117,6 @@
},
"Military Expenditures 2016": {
"text": "0.3% of GDP (2016)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2015": {
"text": "0.3% of GDP (2015)"
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {

34
africa/so.json
View file

@ -464,7 +464,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> several theories attempt to explain the city's name; one of the more plausible is that it derives from \"maq'ad-i-shah\" meaning \"the seat of the shah,\" reflecting the city's links with Persia"
"etymology": {
"text": "several theories attempt to explain the city's name; one of the more plausible is that it derives from \"maq'ad-i-shah\" meaning \"the seat of the shah,\" reflecting the city's links with Persia"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "18 regions (plural - NA, singular - gobolka); Awdal, Bakool, Banaadir, Bari, Bay, Galguduud, Gedo, Hiiraan, Jubbada Dhexe (Middle Jubba), Jubbada Hoose (Lower Jubba), Mudug, Nugaal, Sanaag, Shabeellaha Dhexe (Middle Shabeelle), Shabeellaha Hoose (Lower Shabeelle), Sool, Togdheer, Woqooyi Galbeed"
@ -506,18 +508,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Federal Parliament to consist of:<br>Upper House (54 seats; senators indirectly elected by state assemblies to serve 4-year terms)<br>House of the People (275 seats; members indirectly elected by electoral colleges, each consisting of 51 delegates selected by the 136 Traditional Elders in consultation with sub-clan elders; members serve 4-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "<br>Upper House - first held on 10 October 2016 (next to be held in November 2020)<br>House of the People - first held 23 October - 10 November 2016 (next to be held in November 2020)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<br>Upper House - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 41, women 13, percent of women 24.1%<br>House of the People - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 208, women 67, percent of women 24.4%; note - total Parliament percent of women 24.3%"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the inaugural House of the People was appointed in September 2012 by clan elders; in 2016 and 2017, the Federal Parliament became bicameral with elections scheduled for 10 October 2016 for the Upper House and 23 October to 10 November 2016 for the House of the People; while the elections were delayed, they were eventually held in most regions despite voting irregularities; on 27 December 2016, 41 Upper House senators and 242 House of the People members were sworn in"
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Mohamed ABDULLAHI Mohamed \"Farmaajo\" (since 8 February 2017)"
@ -535,6 +525,18 @@
"text": "Mohamed ABDULLAHI Mohamed \"Farmaajo\" elected president in second round; Federal Parliament second round vote - Mohamed ABDULLAHI Mohamed \"Farmaajo\" (TPP) 184, HASSAN SHEIKH Mohamud (PDP) 97, Sheikh SHARIF Sheikh Ahmed (ARS) 46"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Federal Parliament to consist of:<br>Upper House (54 seats; senators indirectly elected by state assemblies to serve 4-year terms)<br>House of the People (275 seats; members indirectly elected by electoral colleges, each consisting of 51 delegates selected by the 136 Traditional Elders in consultation with sub-clan elders; members serve 4-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "<br>Upper House - first held on 10 October 2016 (next to be held in November 2020)<br>House of the People - first held 23 October - 10 November 2016 (next to be held in November 2020)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<br>Upper House - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 41, women 13, percent of women 24.1%<br>House of the People - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 208, women 67, percent of women 24.4%; note - total Parliament percent of women 24.3%"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the inaugural House of the People was appointed in September 2012 by clan elders; in 2016 and 2017, the Federal Parliament became bicameral with elections scheduled for 10 October 2016 for the Upper House and 23 October to 10 November 2016 for the House of the People; while the elections were delayed, they were eventually held in most regions despite voting irregularities; on 27 December 2016, 41 Upper House senators and 242 House of the People members were sworn in"
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "the provisional constitution stipulates the establishment of the Constitutional Court (consists of 5 judges, including the chief judge and deputy chief judge); note - under the terms of the 2004 Transitional National Charter, a Supreme Court based in Mogadishu and the Appeal Court were established; yet most regions have reverted to local forms of conflict resolution, either secular, traditional Somali customary law, or Islamic law"
@ -1032,14 +1034,14 @@
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the SNA is lightly armed with an inventory that includes a variety of older, second-hand equipment largely from Italy, Russia, South Africa, and the UK; since 2015, it has received small quantities of second-hand equipment from up to 10 different countries, usually as aid/donations (2021)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18 is the legal minimum age for compulsory and voluntary military service (2019)"
},
"Maritime threats": {
"text": "<p>the International Maritime Bureau’s (IMB) Piracy Reporting Center (PRC) received zero incidents of piracy and armed robbery in 2020 for the Horn of Africa; while there were no recorded incidents, the IMB PRC warns that Somalia pirates continue to possess the capacity to carry out attacks in the Somali basin and wider Indian Ocean; in particular, the report warns that, \"Masters and crew must remain vigilant and cautious when transiting these waters.\"; the presence of several naval task forces in the Gulf of Aden and additional anti-piracy measures on the part of ship operators, including the use of on-board armed security teams, contributed to the drop in incidents; the EU naval mission, Operation ATALANTA, continues its operations in the Gulf of Aden and Indian Ocean through 2022; naval units from China, India, Japan, Pakistan, South Korea, the US, and other countries also operate in conjunction with EU forces; China has established a logistical base in Djibouti to support its deployed naval units in the Horn of Africa</p>"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "<p>as of 2021, a significant portion of the SNA was comprised of militia forces that lacked the discipline, structure, weapons, and overall capabilities for effective military operations; of the SNA’s approximately 13 brigades, the most effective were assessed to be the US-trained Danab (\"Lightning\") Advanced Infantry Brigade and those of the Turkish-trained Gorgor (\"Eagle\") Special Division; in 2020, the Danab Brigade conducted most of the SNA’s offensive operations in Somalia and nearly all counterterrorism operations against the al-Shabaab terrorist group; as of early 2021, it numbered about 1,000 troops with an eventual projected strength of 3,000, while the Gorgor Division was estimated to have 4,500-5,000 trained troops</p> AMISOM has operated in the country with the approval of the United Nations (UN) since 2007; AMISOM's peacekeeping mission includes assisting Somali forces in providing security for a stable political process, enabling the gradual handing over of security responsibilities from AMISOM to the Somali security forces, and reducing the threat posed by Al-Shabaab and other armed opposition groups; as of late 2020, AMISOM had about 20,000 military troops from six African countries deployed in Somalia; in February 2021, the UN Security Council AMISOM renewed AMISOM's mandate until December 2021 (note - in 2017, the Somali Government drafted a Somalia Transition Plan that called for the gradual transfer of security responsibilities from AMISOM to the Somali security forces by 2021)<br><br>UN Assistance Mission in Somalia (UNSOM) is mandated by the Security Council to work with the Federal Government of Somalia to support national reconciliation, provide advice on peace-building and state-building, monitor the human rights situation, and help coordinate the efforts of the international community<br><br>the UN Support Office in Somalia (UNSOS) is responsible for providing logistical field support to AMISOM, UNSOM, the Somali National Army, and the Somali Police Force on joint operations with AMISOM<br><br>the European Union Training Mission in Somalia (EUTM-S) has operated in the country since 2010; the EUTM provides advice and training to the Somali military; the US and Turkey maintain separate unilateral military training missions in Somalia"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18 is the legal minimum age for compulsory and voluntary military service (2019)"
}
},
"Terrorism": {

26
africa/su.json
View file

@ -519,7 +519,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> several explanations of the name exist; two of the more plausible are that it is derived from Arabic \"al-jartum\" meaning \"elephant's trunk\" or \"hose,\" and likely referring to the narrow strip of land extending between the Blue and White Niles; alternatively, the name could derive from the Dinka words \"khar-tuom,\" indicating a \"place where rivers meet\""
"etymology": {
"text": "several explanations of the name exist; two of the more plausible are that it is derived from Arabic \"al-jartum\" meaning \"elephant's trunk\" or \"hose,\" and likely referring to the narrow strip of land extending between the Blue and White Niles; alternatively, the name could derive from the Dinka words \"khar-tuom,\" indicating a \"place where rivers meet\""
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "18 states (wilayat, singular - wilayah); Blue Nile, Central Darfur, East Darfur, Gedaref, Gezira, Kassala, Khartoum, North Darfur, North Kordofan, Northern, Red Sea, River Nile, Sennar, South Darfur, South Kordofan, West Darfur, West Kordofan, White Nile",
@ -562,17 +564,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "17 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "according to the August 2019 Constitutional Decree, which established Sudan's transitional government, the Transitional Legislative Council (TLC) will serve as the national legislature during the transitional period until elections can be held in 2022; as of early December 2019, the TLC had not been established"
},
"elections": {
"text": "<p>Council of State - last held 1 June 2015 <br> National Assembly - last held on 13-15 April 2015 <br>note - elections for an as yet defined new legislature to be held in 2022 at the expiry of the Transnational Legislative Council</p>"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<br> Council of State - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 35, women 19, percent of women 35.2%<br>National Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NCP 323, DUP 25, Democratic Unionist Party 15, other 44, independent 19; composition - men 296 women 130, percent of women 30.5%; note - total National Legislature percent of women 31%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "president (vacant); note - in August 2019, the ruling military council and civilian opposition alliance signed a power-sharing deal as the \"Sovereignty Council,\" chaired by&nbsp; General Abd-al-Fatah al-BURHAN Abd-al-Rahman and consisting of 6 civilians and 5 generals; the Council is currently led by the military but is intended to transition to civilian leadership in May 2021 until elections can be held; General BURHAN serves as both chief of state and head of government"
@ -590,6 +581,17 @@
"text": "Umar Hassan Ahmad al-BASHIR reelected president; percent of vote - Umar Hassan Ahmad al-BASHIR (NCP) 94.1%, other (15 candidates) 5.9%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "according to the August 2019 Constitutional Decree, which established Sudan's transitional government, the Transitional Legislative Council (TLC) will serve as the national legislature during the transitional period until elections can be held in 2022; as of early December 2019, the TLC had not been established"
},
"elections": {
"text": "<p>Council of State - last held 1 June 2015 <br> National Assembly - last held on 13-15 April 2015 <br>note - elections for an as yet defined new legislature to be held in 2022 at the expiry of the Transnational Legislative Council</p>"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<br> Council of State - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 35, women 19, percent of women 35.2%<br>National Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NCP 323, DUP 25, Democratic Unionist Party 15, other 44, independent 19; composition - men 296 women 130, percent of women 30.5%; note - total National Legislature percent of women 31%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "National Supreme Court (consists of 70 judges organized into panels of 3 judges and includes 4 circuits that operate outside the capital); Constitutional Court (consists of 9 justices including the court president); note - the Constitutional Court resides outside the national judiciary"

26
africa/to.json
View file

@ -520,7 +520,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> Lome comes from \"alotime\" which in the native Ewe language means \"among the alo plants\"; alo trees dominated the city's original founding site"
"etymology": {
"text": "Lome comes from \"alotime\" which in the native Ewe language means \"among the alo plants\"; alo trees dominated the city's original founding site"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "5 regions (regions, singular - region); Centrale, Kara, Maritime, Plateaux, Savanes"
@ -562,17 +564,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (91 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by closed, party-list proportional representation vote to serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 20 December 2018 (next to be held in 2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by coalition/party - NA; seats by party - UNIR 59, UFC 6, NET 3, MPDD 3, other 2, independent 18; composition - men 75, women 16, percent of women 17.6%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Faure GNASSINGBE (since 4 May 2005)&nbsp;"
@ -590,6 +581,17 @@
"text": "Faure GNASSINGBE reelected president; percent of vote - Faure GNASSINGBE (UNIR) 72.4%, Agbeyome KODJO (MPDD) 18.4%, Jean-Pierre FABRE (ANC) 4.4%, other 5%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (91 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by closed, party-list proportional representation vote to serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 20 December 2018 (next to be held in 2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by coalition/party - NA; seats by party - UNIR 59, UFC 6, NET 3, MPDD 3, other 2, independent 18; composition - men 75, women 16, percent of women 17.6%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court or Cour Supreme (organized into criminal and administrative chambers, each with a chamber president and advisors); Constitutional Court (consists of 9 judges, including the court president)"

40
africa/tp.json
View file

@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
{
"Introduction": {
"Background": {
"text": "<p>Portugal discovered and colonized the uninhabited islands in the late 15th century, setting up a sugar-based economy that gave way to coffee and cocoa in the 19th century - all grown with African plantation slave labor, a form of which lingered into the 20th century. While independence was achieved in 1975, democratic reforms were not instituted until the late 1980s. The country held its first free elections in 1991, but frequent internal wrangling between the various political parties precipitated repeated changes in leadership and four failed, non-violent coup attempts in 1995, 1998, 2003, and 2009. In 2012, three opposition parties combined in a no confidence vote to bring down the majority government of former Prime Minister Patrice TROVOADA, but in 2014, legislative elections returned him to the office. President Evaristo CARVALHO, of the same political party as Prime Minister TROVOADA, was elected in September 2016, marking a rare instance in which the positions of president and prime minister are held by the same party. Prime Minister TROVOADA resigned at the end of 2018 and was replaced by Jorge BOM JESUS. New oil discoveries in the Gulf of Guinea may attract increased attention to the small island nation.</p>"
"text": "<p>Portugal discovered and colonized the uninhabited islands in the late 15th century, setting up a sugar-based economy that gave way to coffee and cocoa in the 19th century - all grown with African plantation slave labor, a form of which lingered into the 20th century. While independence was achieved in 1975, democratic reforms were not instituted until the late 1980s. The country held its first free elections in 1991, but frequent internal wrangling between the various political parties precipitated repeated changes in leadership and four failed, non-violent coup attempts in 1995, 1998, 2003, and 2009. In 2012, three opposition parties combined in a no confidence vote to bring down the majority government of former Prime Minister Patrice TROVOADA, but in 2014, legislative elections returned him to the office. President Evaristo CARVALHO, of the same political party as Prime Minister TROVOADA, was elected in September 2016, marking a rare instance in which the positions of president and prime minister are held by the same party. Prime Minister TROVOADA resigned at the end of 2018 and was replaced by Jorge BOM JESUS. Carlos Vila NOVA was elected president in early September 2021 and will be inaugurated 29 September 2021. New oil discoveries in the Gulf of Guinea may attract increased attention to the small island nation.</p>"
}
},
"Geography": {
@ -492,7 +492,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> named after Saint Thomas the Apostle"
"etymology": {
"text": "named after Saint Thomas the Apostle"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "6 districts (distritos, singular - distrito), 1 autonomous region* (regiao autonoma); Agua Grande, Cantagalo, Caue, Lemba, Lobata, Me-Zochi, Principe*"
@ -534,6 +536,23 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Evaristo CARVALHO (since 3 September 2016)"
},
"head of government": {
"text": "Prime Minister Jorge BOM JESUS (since 3 December 2018)"
},
"cabinet": {
"text": "Council of Ministers proposed by the prime minister, appointed by the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 18 July 2021 and runoff on 5 September 2021 (next to be held in 2026); prime minister chosen by the National Assembly and approved by the president; note - President Evaristo CARVALHO, whose term expires on 3 September (ahead of the postponed presidential runoff on 5 September 2021), announced he will remain in office until the inauguration of the new president, scheduled for 29 September 2021."
},
"election results": {
"text": "<br><em>2021:</em> Carlos Manuel VILA NOVA elected president in the second round; percent of vote in the first round - Carlos Manuel VILA NOVA (IDA) 39.5%; Guilherme POSSER DA COSTA (MLSTP-PSD) 20.8%; Delfim NEVES (PCD-GR) 16.9%; Abel BOM JESUS (independent) 3.6%; Maria DAS NEVES (independent) 3.3%; other 15.9%; percent of the vote in the second round - Carlos Manuel VILA NOVA (IDA) 57.5%, Guilherme POSSER DA COSTA (MLSTP-PSD) 42.5%; note - VILA NOVA is scheduled to take office 29 September 2021 <br><br><em>2016:</em> Evaristo CARVALHO elected president; percent of vote - Evaristo CARVALHO (ADI) 49.8%, Manuel Pinto DA COSTA (independent) 24.8%, Maria DAS NEVES (MLSTP-PSD) 24.1%; note - first round results for CARVALHO were revised downward from just over 50%, prompting the 7 August runoff; however, on 1 August 2016 DA COSTA withdrew from the runoff, citing voting irregularities, and CARVALHO was declared the winner"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National Assembly or Assembleia Nacional (55 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by closed party-list proportional representation vote to serve 4-year terms)"
@ -545,23 +564,6 @@
"text": "percent of vote by party - ADI 41.8%, MLSTP/PSD 40.3%, PCD-GR 9.5%, MCISTP 2.1%, other 6.3%; seats by party - ADI 25, MLSTP-PSD 23, PCD-MDFM-UDD 5, MCISTP 2; composition - men 45, women 10, percent of women 18.2%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Evaristo CARVALHO (since 3 September 2016)<br><br>note - President Evaristo Carvalho, whose term expires on 3 September  (ahead of the postponed presidential runoff on 5 September), announced he will remain in office until the inauguration of the new president, scheduled for 29 September."
},
"head of government": {
"text": "Prime Minister Jorge Bom JESUS (since 3 December 2018)"
},
"cabinet": {
"text": "Council of Ministers proposed by the prime minister, appointed by the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 18 July 2021 and runoff on 5 September 2021 (next to be held in 2026); prime minister chosen by the National Assembly and approved by the president"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<br><em>2021</em> - In the 5 September runoff, Carlos Vila NOVA elected president; percent of the vote - Carlos Vila NOVA (IDA) 57.5%, Guilherme Posser DA COSTA (MLSTP-SDP) 42.5%<br><br><em>2016 </em>- Evaristo CARVALHO elected president; percent of vote - Evaristo CARVALHO (ADI) 49.8%, Manuel Pinto DA COSTA (independent) 24.8%, Maria DAS NEVES (MLSTP-PSD) 24.1%; note - first round results for CARVALHO were revised downward from just over 50%, prompting the 7 August runoff; however, on 1 August 2016 DA COSTA withdrew from the runoff, citing voting irregularities, and CARVALHO was declared the winner"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court or Supremo Tribunal Justica (consists of 5 judges); Constitutional Court or Tribunal Constitucional (consists of 5 judges, 3 of whom are from the Supreme Court)"

32
africa/ts.json
View file

@ -479,7 +479,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> three possibilities exist for the derivation of the name; originally a Berber settlement (earliest reference 4th century B.C.), the strategic site fell to the Carthaginians (Phoenicians) and the city could be named after the Punic goddess Tanit, since many ancient cities were named after patron deities; alternatively, the Berber root word \"ens,\" which means \"to lie down\" or \"to pass the night,\" may indicate that the site was originally a camp or rest stop; finally, the name may be the same as the city of Tynes, mentioned in the writings of some ancient authors"
"etymology": {
"text": "three possibilities exist for the derivation of the name; originally a Berber settlement (earliest reference 4th century B.C.), the strategic site fell to the Carthaginians (Phoenicians) and the city could be named after the Punic goddess Tanit, since many ancient cities were named after patron deities; alternatively, the Berber root word \"ens,\" which means \"to lie down\" or \"to pass the night,\" may indicate that the site was originally a camp or rest stop; finally, the name may be the same as the city of Tynes, mentioned in the writings of some ancient authors"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "24 governorates (wilayat, singular - wilayah); Beja (Bajah), Ben Arous (Bin 'Arus), Bizerte (Banzart), Gabes (Qabis), Gafsa (Qafsah), Jendouba (Jundubah), Kairouan (Al Qayrawan), Kasserine (Al Qasrayn), Kebili (Qibili), Kef (Al Kaf), L'Ariana (Aryanah), Mahdia (Al Mahdiyah), Manouba (Manubah), Medenine (Madanin), Monastir (Al Munastir), Nabeul (Nabul), Sfax (Safaqis), Sidi Bouzid (Sidi Bu Zayd), Siliana (Silyanah), Sousse (Susah), Tataouine (Tatawin), Tozeur (Tawzar), Tunis, Zaghouan (Zaghwan)"
@ -521,17 +523,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal except for active government security forces (including the police and the military), people with mental disabilities, people who have served more than three months in prison (criminal cases only), and people given a suspended sentence of more than six months"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "<br>note: on 25 July 2021, President SAIED suspended the Assembly for 30 days<br>unicameral Assembly of the Representatives of the People or Majlis Nuwwab ash-Sha'b (Assemblee des representants du peuple) (217 seats; 199 members directly elected in Tunisian multi-seat constituencies and 18 members in multi-seat constituencies abroad by party-list proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "initial election held on 6 October 2019 (next to be held in October 2024)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - Ennahdha 19.6%, Heart of Tunisia 14.6%, Free Destourian Party 6.6%, Democratic Current 6.4%, Dignity Coalition 5.9%, People's Movement 4.5%, TahyaTounes 4.1%, other 35.4%, independent 2.9%;seats by party -&nbsp; Ennahdha 52, Heart of Tunisia 38, Free Destourian Party 17, Democratic Current 22, Dignity Coalition 21, People's Movement 16, Tahya Tounes 14, other 25, independent 12; composition - men 139, women 78, percent of women 35.9%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Kais SAIED (elected 13 October, sworn in 23 October 2019)"
@ -549,6 +540,17 @@
"text": "<p>first round - Kais SAIED (independent) 18.4%, Nabil KAROUI (Heart of Tunisia) 15.6%, Abdelfattah MOUROU (Nahda Movement) 12.9%, Abdelkrim ZBIDI(independent) 10.7%,Youssef CHAHED (Long Live Tunisia) 7.4%, Safi SAID (independent) 7.1%, Lotfi MRAIHI (Republican People's Union) 6.6%, other 21.3%; runoff - Kais SAIED elected president; Kais SAIED 72.7%, Nabil KAROUI 27.3%</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p>"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "<br>note: on 25 July 2021, President SAIED suspended the Assembly for 30 days<br>unicameral Assembly of the Representatives of the People or Majlis Nuwwab ash-Sha'b (Assemblee des representants du peuple) (217 seats; 199 members directly elected in Tunisian multi-seat constituencies and 18 members in multi-seat constituencies abroad by party-list proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "initial election held on 6 October 2019 (next to be held in October 2024)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - Ennahdha 19.6%, Heart of Tunisia 14.6%, Free Destourian Party 6.6%, Democratic Current 6.4%, Dignity Coalition 5.9%, People's Movement 4.5%, TahyaTounes 4.1%, other 35.4%, independent 2.9%;seats by party -&nbsp; Ennahdha 52, Heart of Tunisia 38, Free Destourian Party 17, Democratic Current 22, Dignity Coalition 21, People's Movement 16, Tahya Tounes 14, other 25, independent 12; composition - men 139, women 78, percent of women 35.9%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Court of Cassation (consists of the first president, chamber presidents, and magistrates and organized into 27 civil and 11 criminal chambers)"
@ -1131,11 +1133,11 @@
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the Tunisian military's inventory includes mostly older or secondhand US and European equipment; since 2010, the Netherlands and US are the leading suppliers of arms to Tunisia (2020)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "20-23 years of age for compulsory service, 1-year service obligation; 18-23 years of age for voluntary service (2019)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the Tunisian military&rsquo;s primary operational areas of focus are counter-terrorism, counterinsurgency, and border security; it conducts counter-terrorism and counterinsurgency operations against al-Qa&rsquo;ida in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM) and Islamic State of ash-Sham (ISIS)-linked militants who have been fighting a low-intensity insurgency against the government, mostly in the mountainous region along the border with Algeria, particularly the Chaambi Mountains near the city of Kasserine; the Tunisian military routinely conducts joint operations with Algerian security forces against these&nbsp; groups, as well to counter smuggling and trafficking activities; the Tunisian military in recent years also has increased its role in securing the southern border against militant activity, smuggling, and trafficking from war-torn Libya; the Tunisian Government has constructed a complex structure of berms, trenches, and water-filled moats, complemented by electronic surveillance equipment such as motion detectors, ground surveillance radars, and infrared sensors along the 220-kilometer border with Libya; in the more populace northern border area, the Tunisian Army backs up Ministry of Interior security forces (Customs and the National Guard), while in the more remote southern sections of the frontier a military exclusion or buffer zone has been created, with the Tunisian Army having the lead in conducting patrols, interdiction, and making arrests"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "20-23 years of age for compulsory service, 1-year service obligation; 18-23 years of age for voluntary service (2019)"
}
},
"Terrorism": {

32
africa/tz.json
View file

@ -519,7 +519,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> Dar es Salaam was the name given by Majid bin Said, the first sultan of Zanzibar, to the new city he founded on the Indian Ocean coast; the Arabic name is commonly translated as \"abode/home of peace\"; Dodoma, in the native Gogo language, means \"it has sunk\"; supposedly, one day during the rainy season, an elephant drowned in the area; the villagers in that place were so struck by what had occurred, that ever since the locale has been referred to as the place where \"it (the elephant) sunk\""
"etymology": {
"text": "Dar es Salaam was the name given by Majid bin Said, the first sultan of Zanzibar, to the new city he founded on the Indian Ocean coast; the Arabic name is commonly translated as \"abode/home of peace\"; Dodoma, in the native Gogo language, means \"it has sunk\"; supposedly, one day during the rainy season, an elephant drowned in the area; the villagers in that place were so struck by what had occurred, that ever since the locale has been referred to as the place where \"it (the elephant) sunk\""
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "31 regions; Arusha, Dar es Salaam, Dodoma, Geita, Iringa, Kagera, Kaskazini Pemba (Pemba North), Kaskazini Unguja (Zanzibar North), Katavi, Kigoma, Kilimanjaro, Kusini Pemba (Pemba South), Kusini Unguja (Zanzibar Central/South), Lindi, Manyara, Mara, Mbeya, Mjini Magharibi (Zanzibar Urban/West), Morogoro, Mtwara, Mwanza, Njombe, Pwani (Coast), Rukwa, Ruvuma, Shinyanga, Simiyu, Singida, Songwe, Tabora, Tanga"
@ -561,17 +563,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National Assembly or Parliament (Bunge) (393 seats; 264 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote, 113 women indirectly elected by proportional representation vote, 5 indirectly elected by simple majority vote by the Zanzibar House of Representatives, 10 appointed by the president, and 1 seat reserved for the attorney general; members serve a 5-year term); note - in addition to enacting laws that apply to the entire United Republic of Tanzania, the National Assembly enacts laws that apply only to the mainland; Zanzibar has its own House of Representatives or Baraza La Wawakilishi (82 seats; 50 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote, 20 women directly elected by proportional representation vote, 10 appointed by the Zanzibar president, 1 seat for the House speaker, and 1 ex-officio seat for the attorney general; elected members serve a 5-year term)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "Tanzania National Assembly and Zanzibar House of Representatives - elections last held on 25 October 2015 (next National Assembly election to be held in October 2020; next Zanzibar election either October 2020 or March 2021); note the Zanzibar Electoral Commission annulled the 2015 election; repoll held on 20 March 2016"
},
"election results": {
"text": "National Assembly - percent of vote by party - CCM 55%, Chadema 31.8%, CUF 8.6%, other 4.6%; seats by party - CCM 253, Chadema 70, CUF 42, other 2; composition as of September 2018 - men 245, women 145, percent of women 37.2%<br><br>Zanzibar House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - NA"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Samia Suluhu HASSAN (since 19 March 2021); note - President John MAGUFULI died on 17 March 2021; vice president (vacant); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government"
@ -590,6 +581,17 @@
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> Zanzibar elects a president as head of government for internal matters; election held on 25 October 2015 was annulled by the Zanzibar Electoral Commission and rerun on 20 March 2016; President Ali Mohamed SHEIN reelected; percent of vote - Ali Mohamed SHEIN (CCM) 91.4%, Hamad Rashid MOHAMED (ADC) 3%, other 5.6%; the main opposition party in Zanzibar CUF boycotted the 20 March 2016 election rerun"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National Assembly or Parliament (Bunge) (393 seats; 264 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote, 113 women indirectly elected by proportional representation vote, 5 indirectly elected by simple majority vote by the Zanzibar House of Representatives, 10 appointed by the president, and 1 seat reserved for the attorney general; members serve a 5-year term); note - in addition to enacting laws that apply to the entire United Republic of Tanzania, the National Assembly enacts laws that apply only to the mainland; Zanzibar has its own House of Representatives or Baraza La Wawakilishi (82 seats; 50 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote, 20 women directly elected by proportional representation vote, 10 appointed by the Zanzibar president, 1 seat for the House speaker, and 1 ex-officio seat for the attorney general; elected members serve a 5-year term)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "Tanzania National Assembly and Zanzibar House of Representatives - elections last held on 25 October 2015 (next National Assembly election to be held in October 2020; next Zanzibar election either October 2020 or March 2021); note the Zanzibar Electoral Commission annulled the 2015 election; repoll held on 20 March 2016"
},
"election results": {
"text": "National Assembly - percent of vote by party - CCM 55%, Chadema 31.8%, CUF 8.6%, other 4.6%; seats by party - CCM 253, Chadema 70, CUF 42, other 2; composition as of September 2018 - men 245, women 145, percent of women 37.2%<br><br>Zanzibar House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - NA"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Court of Appeal of the United Republic of Tanzania (consists of the chief justice and 14 justices); High Court of the United Republic for Mainland Tanzania (consists of the principal judge and 30 judges organized into commercial, land, and labor courts); High Court of Zanzibar (consists of the chief justice and 10 justices)"
@ -1155,6 +1157,9 @@
"note": "note: the National Building Army is a paramilitary organization under the Defense Forces that provides six months of military and vocational training to individuals as part of their two years of public service; after completion of training, some graduates join the regular Defense Forces while the remainder become part of the People's (or Citizen's) Militia"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
"text": "1.3% of GDP (2020 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
"text": "1.3% of GDP (2019)"
},
@ -1166,9 +1171,6 @@
},
"Military Expenditures 2016": {
"text": "1.1% of GDP (2016)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2015": {
"text": "1.1% of GDP (2015)"
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {

35
africa/ug.json
View file

@ -501,7 +501,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> the site of the original British settlement was referred to by its native name as Akasozi ke'Empala (\"hill of the impala\" [plural]); over time this designation was shortened to K'empala and finally Kampala"
"etymology": {
"text": "the site of the original British settlement was referred to by its native name as Akasozi ke'Empala (\"hill of the impala\" [plural]); over time this designation was shortened to K'empala and finally Kampala"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "134 districts and 1 capital city*; Abim, Adjumani, Agago, Alebtong, Amolatar, Amudat, Amuria, Amuru, Apac, Arua, Budaka, Bududa, Bugiri, Bugweri, Buhweju, Buikwe, Bukedea, Bukomansimbi, Bukwo, Bulambuli, Buliisa, Bundibugyo, Bunyangabu, Bushenyi, Busia, Butaleja, Butambala, Butebo, Buvuma, Buyende, Dokolo, Gomba, Gulu, Hoima, Ibanda, Iganga, Isingiro, Jinja, Kaabong, Kabale, Kabarole, Kaberamaido, Kagadi, Kakumiro, Kalaki, Kalangala, Kaliro, Kalungu, Kampala*, Kamuli, Kamwenge, Kanungu, Kapchorwa, Kapelebyong, Karenga, Kasese, Kasanda, Katakwi, Kayunga, Kazo, Kibaale, Kiboga, Kibuku, Kikuube, Kiruhura, Kiryandongo, Kisoro, Kitagwenda, Kitgum, Koboko, Kole, Kotido, Kumi, Kwania, Kween, Kyankwanzi, Kyegegwa, Kyenjojo, Kyotera, Lamwo, Lira, Luuka, Luwero, Lwengo, Lyantonde, Madi-Okollo, Manafwa, Maracha, Masaka, Masindi, Mayuge, Mbale, Mbarara, Mitooma, Mityana, Moroto, Moyo, Mpigi, Mubende, Mukono, Nabilatuk, Nakapiripirit, Nakaseke, Nakasongola, Namayingo, Namisindwa, Namutumba, Napak, Nebbi, Ngora, Ntoroko, Ntungamo, Nwoya, Obongi, Omoro, Otuke, Oyam, Pader, Pakwach, Pallisa, Rakai, Rubanda, Rubirizi, Rukiga, Rukungiri, Rwampara, Sembabule, Serere, Sheema, Sironko, Soroti, Tororo, Wakiso, Yumbe, Zombo"
@ -543,17 +545,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National Assembly or Parliament (445 seats; 290 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote, 112 for women directly elected in single-seat districts by simple majority vote, and 25 \"representatives\" reserved for special interest groups - army 10, disabled 5, youth 5, labor 5; up to 18 ex officio members appointed by the president; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 18 February 2016 (next to be held in February 2021)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NRM 292, FDC 37, DP 5, UPDF 10, UPC 6, independent 66 (excludes 19 ex-officio members)"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI (since seizing power on 26 January 1986; re-elected for sixth term on 14 January 2021); Vice President Jessica Rose Epel ALUPO (since 21 June 2021); Prime Minister Robinah NABBANJA (since 21 June 2021); First Deputy Prime Minister Rebecca KADAGA (since 24 June 2021); Second Deputy Prime Minister Moses ALI (since 21 June 2021); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government"
@ -568,10 +559,18 @@
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (no term limits); election last held on 14 January 2021 (next to be held in 2026)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI reelected president in the first round; percent of vote - Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI (NRM) 58.6%, Bobi WINE (NUP) 34.8%, Patrick Oboi AMURIAT (FDC) 3.2%, other 3.4%"
"text": "<em><br>2021: </em>Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI reelected president in the first round; percent of vote - Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI (NRM) 58.6%, Bobi WINE (NUP) 34.8%, Patrick Oboi AMURIAT (FDC) 3.2%, other 3.4%<br><br><em>2016: </em>Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI reelected president in the first round; percent of vote - Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI (NRM) 60.6%, Kizza BESIGYE (FDC) 35.6%, other 3.8%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National Assembly or Parliament (445 seats; 290 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote, 112 for women directly elected in single-seat districts by simple majority vote, and 25 \"representatives\" reserved for special interest groups - army 10, disabled 5, youth 5, labor 5; up to 18 ex officio members appointed by the president; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"head of state": {
"text": "President Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI (since seizing power on 26 January 1986); Vice President Jessica Rose Epel ALUPO (since 21 June 2021); note - the president is both head of state and head of government"
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 18 February 2016 (next to be held in February 2021)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NRM 292, FDC 37, DP 5, UPDF 10, UPC 6, independent 66 (excludes 19 ex-officio members)"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
@ -1142,6 +1141,9 @@
"text": "Uganda People's Defense Force (UPDF): Land Forces, Air Forces, Marine Forces, Special Forces Command, Reserve Force (2021)"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
"text": "2.5% of GDP (2020 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
"text": "2.1% of GDP (2019)"
},
@ -1153,9 +1155,6 @@
},
"Military Expenditures 2016": {
"text": "1.6% of GDP (2016)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2015": {
"text": "1.4% of GDP (2015)"
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {

32
africa/uv.json
View file

@ -519,7 +519,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> Ouagadougou is a Francophone spelling of the native name \"Wogodogo,\" meaning \"where people get honor and respect\""
"etymology": {
"text": "Ouagadougou is a Francophone spelling of the native name \"Wogodogo,\" meaning \"where people get honor and respect\""
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "13 regions; Boucle du Mouhoun, Cascades, Centre, Centre-Est, Centre-Nord, Centre-Ouest, Centre-Sud, Est, Hauts-Bassins, Nord, Plateau-Central, Sahel, Sud-Ouest"
@ -561,17 +563,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National Assembly (127 seats; 111 members directly elected in 13 multi-seat constituencies by party-list proportional representation vote and 26 members elected in a nationwide constituency by proportional representation vote; all member serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 22 November 2020 (next to be held in November 2025)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party (preliminary results) - MPP 56, CDP 20, NTD 13, UPC 12"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Roch Marc Christian KABORE (since 29 December 2015; re-elected 22 November 2020)"
@ -589,6 +580,17 @@
"text": "Roch Marc Christian KABORE reelected president in first round; percent of vote - Roch Marc Christian KABORE (MPP) 57.9%, Eddie KOMBOIGO (CDP) 15.5%, Zephirin DIABRE (UPC)12.5%, other 14.1%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National Assembly (127 seats; 111 members directly elected in 13 multi-seat constituencies by party-list proportional representation vote and 26 members elected in a nationwide constituency by proportional representation vote; all member serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 22 November 2020 (next to be held in November 2025)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party (preliminary results) - MPP 56, CDP 20, NTD 13, UPC 12"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court of Appeals or Cour de Cassation (consists of NA judges); Council of State (consists of NA judges); Constitutional Council or Conseil Constitutionnel (consists of the council president and 9 members)"
@ -1126,6 +1128,9 @@
"note": "note: the National Gendarmerie officially reports to the Ministry of Defense, but usually operates in support of the Ministry of Security and the Ministry of Justice; Gendarmerie troops are typically integrated with Army forces in anti-terrorism operations; for example, Gendarmerie, Army, and police forces were combined to form a 1,500-member task force known as the <em>Groupement des Forces Anti-Terroristes</em> (GFAT) to address terrorist activities along the country's northern border in 2013"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
"text": "2.5% of GDP (2020 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
"text": "2.4% of GDP (2019)"
},
@ -1137,9 +1142,6 @@
},
"Military Expenditures 2016": {
"text": "1.2% of GDP (2016)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2015": {
"text": "1.3% of GDP (2015)"
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {

32
africa/wa.json
View file

@ -508,7 +508,9 @@
"daylight saving time": {
"text": "+1hr, begins first Sunday in September; ends first Sunday in April"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> may derive from the Afrikaans word \"wind-hoek\" meaning \"windy corner\""
"etymology": {
"text": "may derive from the Afrikaans word \"wind-hoek\" meaning \"windy corner\""
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "14 regions; Erongo, Hardap, //Karas, Kavango East, Kavango West, Khomas, Kunene, Ohangwena, Omaheke, Omusati, Oshana, Oshikoto, Otjozondjupa, Zambezi; note - the Karas Region was renamed //Karas in September 2013 to include the alveolar lateral click of the Khoekhoegowab language"
@ -550,17 +552,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>National Council (42 seats); members indirectly elected 3 each by the 14 regional councils to serve 5-year terms); note - the Council primarily reviews legislation passed and referred by the National Assembly<br>National Assembly (104 seats; 96 members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by closed list, proportional representation vote to serve 5-year terms and 8 nonvoting members appointed by the president)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "National Council - elections for regional councils to determine members of the National Council held on 25 November 2020 (next to be held on 25 November 2025)<br>National Assembly - last held on 27 November 2019 (next to be held in 2024)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "National Council - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - SWAPO 28, LPM 6,IPC 2, PDM 2, UDF 2, NUDO 1,  Independent 1; composition - men 36, women 6, percent of women 16.6%<br>National Assembly - percent of vote by party - SWAPO 65.5%, PDM 16.6%, LPM 4.7%, NUDO 1.9%, APP 1.8%, UDF 1.8%, RP 1.8%, NEFF 1.7%, RDP 1.1%, CDV .7%, SWANU .6%, other 1.8%; seats by party - SWAPO 63, PDM 16, LPM 4, NUDO 2, APP 2, UDF 2, RP 2, NEFF 2, RDP 1, CDV 1, SWANU 1; composition - NA"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Hage GEINGOB (since 21 March 2015); Vice President Nangola MBUMBA (since 8 February 2018); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government"
@ -578,6 +569,17 @@
"text": "Hage GEINGOB elected president in the first round; percent of vote - Hage GEINGOB (SWAPO) 56.3%, Panduleni ITULA (Independent) 29.4%, McHenry VENAANI (PDM) 5.3%, Bernadus SWARTBOOI (LPM) 2.7%, Apius AUCHAB (UDF) 2.7%, Esther MUINJANGUE (NUDO) 1.5%, other 2%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>National Council (42 seats); members indirectly elected 3 each by the 14 regional councils to serve 5-year terms); note - the Council primarily reviews legislation passed and referred by the National Assembly<br>National Assembly (104 seats; 96 members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by closed list, proportional representation vote to serve 5-year terms and 8 nonvoting members appointed by the president)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "National Council - elections for regional councils to determine members of the National Council held on 25 November 2020 (next to be held on 25 November 2025)<br>National Assembly - last held on 27 November 2019 (next to be held in 2024)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "National Council - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - SWAPO 28, LPM 6,IPC 2, PDM 2, UDF 2, NUDO 1,  Independent 1; composition - men 36, women 6, percent of women 16.6%<br>National Assembly - percent of vote by party - SWAPO 65.5%, PDM 16.6%, LPM 4.7%, NUDO 1.9%, APP 1.8%, UDF 1.8%, RP 1.8%, NEFF 1.7%, RDP 1.1%, CDV .7%, SWANU .6%, other 1.8%; seats by party - SWAPO 63, PDM 16, LPM 4, NUDO 2, APP 2, UDF 2, RP 2, NEFF 2, RDP 1, CDV 1, SWANU 1; composition - NA"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice and at least 3 judges in quorum sessions)"
@ -1143,6 +1145,9 @@
"text": "Namibian Defense Force (NDF): Army, Navy, Air Force; Namibian Police Force: Special Field Force (paramilitary unit responsible for protecting borders and government installations) (2021)"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
"text": "3.4% of GDP (2020 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
"text": "3% of GDP (2019)"
},
@ -1154,9 +1159,6 @@
},
"Military Expenditures 2016": {
"text": "3.9% of GDP (2016)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2015": {
"text": "4.5% of GDP (2015)"
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {

32
africa/wz.json
View file

@ -498,7 +498,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> named after a Swati chief, Mbabane Kunene, who lived in the area at the onset of British settlement"
"etymology": {
"text": "named after a Swati chief, Mbabane Kunene, who lived in the area at the onset of British settlement"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "4 regions; Hhohho, Lubombo, Manzini, Shiselweni"
@ -540,17 +542,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament (Libandla) consists of:<br> Senate (30 seats; 20 members appointed by the monarch and 10 indirectly elected by simple majority vote by the House of Assembly; members serve 5-year terms)<br>House of Assembly (73 seats; 59 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies or tinkhundla by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed, 10 members appointed by the monarch, 4 women elected by the members if representation of elected women is less than 30%; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "Senate - last held on 23 October 2018 (next to be held - 31 October 2023)<br>House of Assembly - last held on 21 September 2018 (next to be held in 2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Senate - percent of seats by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 20, women 10, percent of women 33.3% <br>House of Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - independent 59; composition - men 60, women 5, percent of women 7.7%; note - total Parliament percent of women 15.8%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "King MSWATI III (since 25 April 1986)"
@ -565,6 +556,17 @@
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; prime minister appointed by the monarch from among members of the House of Assembly"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament (Libandla) consists of:<br> Senate (30 seats; 20 members appointed by the monarch and 10 indirectly elected by simple majority vote by the House of Assembly; members serve 5-year terms)<br>House of Assembly (73 seats; 59 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies or tinkhundla by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed, 10 members appointed by the monarch, 4 women elected by the members if representation of elected women is less than 30%; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "Senate - last held on 23 October 2018 (next to be held - 31 October 2023)<br>House of Assembly - last held on 21 September 2018 (next to be held in 2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Senate - percent of seats by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 20, women 10, percent of women 33.3% <br>House of Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - independent 59; composition - men 60, women 5, percent of women 7.7%; note - total Parliament percent of women 15.8%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice and at least 4 justices) and the High Court (consists of the chief justice - ex officio - and 4 justices); note - the Supreme Court has jurisdiction in all constitutional matters"
@ -1072,6 +1074,9 @@
"text": "Umbutfo Eswatini Defense Force (UEDF): Army (includes a small air wing) (2020)"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
"text": "1.8% of GDP (2020 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
"text": "1.8% of GDP (2019 est.)"
},
@ -1083,9 +1088,6 @@
},
"Military Expenditures 2016": {
"text": "2% of GDP (2016 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2015": {
"text": "1.8% of GDP (2015 est.)"
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {

38
africa/za.json
View file

@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
{
"Introduction": {
"Background": {
"text": "Multiple waves of Bantu-speaking groups moved into and through what is now Zambia over the past thousand years. In the 1880s, the British began securing mineral and other economic concessions from various local leaders and the territory that is now Zambia eventually came under the control of the former British South Africa Company and was incorporated as the protectorate of Northern Rhodesia in 1911. Administrative control was taken over by the UK in 1924. During the 1920s and 1930s, advances in mining spurred development and immigration. <br><br>The name was changed to Zambia upon independence in 1964. In the 1980s and 1990s, declining copper prices, economic mismanagement, and a prolonged drought hurt the economy. Elections in 1991 brought an end to one-party rule and propelled the Movement for Multiparty Democracy (MMD) to government. The subsequent vote in 1996, however, saw increasing harassment of opposition parties and abuse of state media and other resources. The election in 2001 was marked by administrative problems, with three parties filing a legal petition challenging the election of ruling party candidate Levy MWANAWASA. MWANAWASA was reelected in 2006 in an election that was deemed free and fair. Upon his death in August 2008, he was succeeded by his vice president, Rupiah BANDA, who won a special presidential byelection later that year. The MMD and BANDA lost to the Patriotic Front (PF) and Michael SATA in the 2011 general elections. SATA, however, presided over a period of haphazard economic management and attempted to silence opposition to PF policies. SATA died in October 2014 and was succeeded by his vice president, Guy SCOTT, who served as interim president until January 2015, when Edgar LUNGU won the presidential byelection and completed SATA's term. LUNGU then won a full term in August 2016 presidential elections."
"text": "Multiple waves of Bantu-speaking groups moved into and through what is now Zambia over the past thousand years. In the 1880s, the British began securing mineral and other economic concessions from various local leaders and the territory that is now Zambia eventually came under the control of the former British South Africa Company and was incorporated as the protectorate of Northern Rhodesia in 1911. Administrative control was taken over by the UK in 1924. During the 1920s and 1930s, advances in mining spurred development and immigration. <br><br>The name was changed to Zambia upon independence in 1964. In the 1980s and 1990s, declining copper prices, economic mismanagement, and a prolonged drought hurt the economy. Elections in 1991 brought an end to one-party rule and propelled the Movement for Multiparty Democracy (MMD) to government. The subsequent vote in 1996, however, saw increasing harassment of opposition parties and abuse of state media and other resources. The election in 2001 was marked by administrative problems, with three parties filing a legal petition challenging the election of ruling party candidate Levy MWANAWASA. MWANAWASA was reelected in 2006 in an election that was deemed free and fair. Upon his death in August 2008, he was succeeded by his vice president, Rupiah BANDA, who won a special presidential byelection later that year. The MMD and BANDA lost to the Patriotic Front (PF) and Michael SATA in the 2011 general elections. SATA, however, presided over a period of haphazard economic management and attempted to silence opposition to PF policies. SATA died in October 2014 and was succeeded by his vice president, Guy SCOTT, who served as interim president until January 2015, when Edgar LUNGU won the presidential byelection and completed SATA's term. LUNGU then won a full term in August 2016 presidential elections. Hakainde HICHILEMA was elected president in August 2021."
}
},
"Geography": {
@ -491,7 +491,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> named after a village called Lusaka, located at Manda Hill, near where Zambia's National Assembly building currently stands; the village was named after a headman (chief) Lusakasa"
"etymology": {
"text": "named after a village called Lusaka, located at Manda Hill, near where Zambia's National Assembly building currently stands; the village was named after a headman (chief) Lusakasa"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "10 provinces; Central, Copperbelt, Eastern, Luapula, Lusaka, Muchinga, Northern, North-Western, Southern, Western"
@ -533,23 +535,12 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National Assembly (167 seats; 156 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote in 2 rounds if needed, and up to 8 appointed by the president; members serve 5-year terms); 11 are appointed"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 12 August 2021 (next to be held 2026)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - UPND 53.9%, PF 38.1%, PNUP 0.6%, independent 7.4%; seats by party - UPND 82, PF 61, PNUP 1, independent 11; composition - men 135, women 20, percent of women 13.5%<br><br>note - 155 seats were filled with one seat left vacant; the election for Kaumbwe Constituency is scheduled for 21 October 2021."
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Hakainde HICHILEMA (since 24 August 2021); Vice President Mutale NALUMANGO (since 24 August 2021); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government"
},
"head of government": {
"text": "President Hakainde HICHILEMA (since 24 August 2021); Vice President Mutale NALUMANGO (since 24 August 2021)&nbsp;"
"text": "President Hakainde HICHILEMA (since 24 August 2021); Vice President Mutale NALUMANGO (since 24 August 2021)"
},
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet appointed by president from among members of the National Assembly"
@ -558,7 +549,18 @@
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); last held on 12 August 2021 (next to be held in 2026)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<em><br>2021</em>: Hakainde HICHILEMA elected president; percent of the vote -Hakainde HICHILEMA (UPND) 57.9%, Edgar LUNGU (PF) 37.3%, other 4.8%<br><br><em>2016</em>: Edgar LUNGU re-elected president; percent of vote - <br>Edgar LUNGU (PF) 50.4%, Hakainde HICHILEMA (UPND) 47.6%, other 2%"
"text": "<em><br>2021</em>: Hakainde HICHILEMA elected president; percent of the vote -   Hakainde HICHILEMA (UPND) 57.9%, Edgar LUNGU (PF) 37.3%, other 4.8%<br><br><em>2016</em>: Edgar LUNGU re-elected president; percent of vote - Edgar LUNGU (PF) 50.4%, Hakainde HICHILEMA (UPND) 47.6%, other 2%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National Assembly (167 seats; 156 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote in 2 rounds if needed, and up to 8 appointed by the president; members serve 5-year terms); 11 are appointed"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 12 August 2021 (next to be held in 2026)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - UPND 53.9%, PF 38.1%, PNUP 0.6%, independent 7.4%; seats by party - UPND 82, PF 61, PNUP 1, independent 11; composition - men 135, women 20, percent of women 13.5%; 155 seats were filled with one seat left vacant; the election for Kaumbwe Constituency is scheduled for 21 October 2021."
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
@ -1132,6 +1134,9 @@
"text": "Zambia Defense Force (ZDF): Zambia Army, Zambia Air Force, Zambia National Service (support organization that also does public work projects); Defense Force Medical Service; the Zambia Police includes a paramilitary battalion (2021)"
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2020": {
"text": "1.3% of GDP (2020 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
"text": "1.2% of GDP (2019)"
},
@ -1143,9 +1148,6 @@
},
"Military Expenditures 2016": {
"text": "1.5% of GDP (2016)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2015": {
"text": "1.7% of GDP (2015)"
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {

42
africa/zi.json
View file

@ -507,7 +507,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> named after a village of Harare at the site of the present capital; the village name derived from a Shona chieftain, Ne-harawa, whose name meant \"he who does not sleep\""
"etymology": {
"text": "named after a village of Harare at the site of the present capital; the village name derived from a Shona chieftain, Ne-harawa, whose name meant \"he who does not sleep\""
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "8 provinces and 2 cities* with provincial status; Bulawayo*, Harare*, Manicaland, Mashonaland Central, Mashonaland East, Mashonaland West, Masvingo, Matabeleland North, Matabeleland South, Midlands"
@ -549,17 +551,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>Senate (80 seats; 60 members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies - 6 seats in each of the 10 provinces - by proportional representation vote, 16 indirectly elected by the regional governing councils, 2 reserved for the National Council Chiefs, and 2 reserved for members with disabilities; members serve 5-year terms)<br>National Assembly (270 seats; 210 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote and 60 seats reserved for women directly elected by proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "Senate - last held for elected member on 30 July 2018 (next to be held in 2023)<br> National Assembly - last held on 30 July 2018 (next to be held in 2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - ZANU-PF 34, MDC Alliance 25, Chiefs 18, people with disabilities 2, MDC-T 1; composition - men 45, women 35, percent of women 43.8%<br> National Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - ZANU-PF 179, MDC Alliance 88, MDC-T 1, NPF 1, independent 1; composition - men 185, women 25, percent of women 31.5%; note - total Parliament percent of women 34.3%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Emmerson Dambudzo MNANGAGWA (since 24 November 2017); First Vice President Constantino CHIWENGA (since 28 December 2017); note - Robert Gabriel MUGABE resigned on 21 November 2017, after ruling for 37 years"
@ -577,6 +568,17 @@
"text": "Emmerson MNANGAGWA reelected president in 1st round of voting; percent of vote - Emmerson MNANGAGWA (ZANU-PF) 50.8%, Nelson CHAMISA (MDC-T) 44.3%, Thokozani KHUPE (MDC-N) .9%, other 3%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>Senate (80 seats; 60 members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies - 6 seats in each of the 10 provinces - by proportional representation vote, 16 indirectly elected by the regional governing councils, 2 reserved for the National Council Chiefs, and 2 reserved for members with disabilities; members serve 5-year terms)<br>National Assembly (270 seats; 210 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote and 60 seats reserved for women directly elected by proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "Senate - last held for elected member on 30 July 2018 (next to be held in 2023)<br> National Assembly - last held on 30 July 2018 (next to be held in 2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - ZANU-PF 34, MDC Alliance 25, Chiefs 18, people with disabilities 2, MDC-T 1; composition - men 45, women 35, percent of women 43.8%<br> National Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - ZANU-PF 179, MDC Alliance 88, MDC-T 1, NPF 1, independent 1; composition - men 185, women 25, percent of women 31.5%; note - total Parliament percent of women 34.3%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice and 4 judges); Constitutional Court (consists of the chief and deputy chief justices and 9 judges)"
@ -1125,19 +1127,19 @@
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2019": {
"text": "0.7% of GDP (2019)"
"text": "0.7% of GDP (2019 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2018": {
"text": "1.2% of GDP (2018)"
"text": "1.2% of GDP (2018 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2017": {
"text": "1.5% of GDP (2017)"
"text": "1.5% of GDP (2017 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2016": {
"text": "1.8% of GDP (2016)"
"text": "1.8% of GDP (2016 est.)"
},
"Military Expenditures 2015": {
"text": "1.9% of GDP (2015)"
"text": "1.9% of GDP (2015 est.)"
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
@ -1146,11 +1148,11 @@
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the ZDF inventory is comprised mostly of older Chinese- and Russian-origin equipment; since 2000, China is the leading arms supplier to the ZDF, although there are no recorded deliveries of weapons since 2006; since the early 2000s, Zimbabwe has been under an arms embargo from the European Union, as well as targeted sanctions from Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the US (2020)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-22 years of age for voluntary military service (18-24 for officer cadets; 18-30 for technical/specialist personnel); no conscription; women are eligible to serve (2021)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the ZDF was formed after independence from the former Rhodesian Army and the two guerrilla forces that opposed it during the Rhodesian Civil War (aka \"Bush War\") of the 1970s, the Zimbabwe African National Liberation Army (ZANLA) and the Zimbabwe People's Revolutionary Army (ZIPRA); internal security is a key current responsibility, and the military continues to play an active role in the country&rsquo;s politics since the coup of 2017"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-22 years of age for voluntary military service (18-24 for officer cadets; 18-30 for technical/specialist personnel); no conscription; women are eligible to serve (2021)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

30
australia-oceania/aq.json
View file

@ -309,12 +309,12 @@
"text": "the meaning of Samoa is disputed; some modern explanations are that the \"sa\" connotes&nbsp; \"sacred\" and \"moa\" indicates \"center,\" so the name can mean \"Holy Center\"; alternatively, some assertions state that it can mean \"place of the sacred moa bird\" of Polynesian mythology; the name, however, may go back to Proto-Polynesian (PPn) times (before 1000 B.C.); a plausible PPn reconstruction has the first syllable as \"sa'a\" meaning \"tribe or people\" and \"moa\" meaning \"deep sea or ocean\" to convey the meaning \"people of the deep sea\""
}
},
"Dependency status": {
"text": "unincorporated, unorganized Territory of the US; administered by the Office of Insular Affairs, US Department of the Interior"
},
"Government type": {
"text": "unincorporated, unorganized Territory of the US with local self-government; republican form of government with separate executive, legislative, and judicial branches;"
},
"Dependency status": {
"text": "unincorporated, unorganized Territory of the US; administered by the Office of Insular Affairs, US Department of the Interior"
},
"Capital": {
"name": {
"text": "Pago Pago"
@ -353,18 +353,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Legislature or Fono consists of:<br>Senate (18 seats; members indirectly selected by regional governing councils to serve 4-year terms)<br>House of Representatives (21 seats; 20 members directly elected by simple majority vote and 1 decided by public meeting on Swains Island; members serve 2-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "<br>Senate - last held on 3 November 2020 (next to be held in November 2024)<br>House of Representatives - last held on 3 November 2020 (next to be held in November 2024)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<br>Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - independent 18; composition - men 17, women 1; percent of women 5.6%<br>House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - NA"
},
"note": "<strong id=\"tinymce\" class=\"mce-content-body \" style=\"font-size: 18px;\" contenteditable=\"true\" spellcheck=\"false\" data-id=\"field_notes\">note:</strong> American Samoa elects 1 member by simple majority vote to serve a 2-year term as a delegate to the US House of Representatives; the delegate can vote when serving on a committee and when the House meets as the Committee of the Whole House, but not when legislation is submitted for a “full floor” House vote; election of delegate last held on 3 November 2020 (next to be held in November 2022); Amata Coleman RADEWAGEN elected delegate; Amata Coleman RADEWAGEN (Republican Party) 83.5%, Oreta CHRICHTON (Democratic Party) 14.4%, Meleagi SUITONU-CHAPMAN (Democratic Party) 2.1%"
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Joseph R. BIDEN Jr. (since 20 January 2021); Vice President Kamala D. HARRIS (since 20 January 2021)"
@ -382,6 +370,18 @@
"text": "Lemanu Peleti MAUGA elected governor in first round; percent of vote - Lemanu Peleti MAUGA (independent) 60.3%, Gaoteote Palaie TOFAU (independent) 21.9%, I'aulualo Fa'afetai TALIA (independent) 12.3%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Legislature or Fono consists of:<br>Senate (18 seats; members indirectly selected by regional governing councils to serve 4-year terms)<br>House of Representatives (21 seats; 20 members directly elected by simple majority vote and 1 decided by public meeting on Swains Island; members serve 2-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "<br>Senate - last held on 3 November 2020 (next to be held in November 2024)<br>House of Representatives - last held on 3 November 2020 (next to be held in November 2024)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<br>Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - independent 18; composition - men 17, women 1; percent of women 5.6%<br>House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - NA"
},
"note": "<strong id=\"tinymce\" class=\"mce-content-body \" style=\"font-size: 18px;\" contenteditable=\"true\" spellcheck=\"false\" data-id=\"field_notes\">note:</strong> American Samoa elects 1 member by simple majority vote to serve a 2-year term as a delegate to the US House of Representatives; the delegate can vote when serving on a committee and when the House meets as the Committee of the Whole House, but not when legislation is submitted for a “full floor” House vote; election of delegate last held on 3 November 2020 (next to be held in November 2022); Amata Coleman RADEWAGEN elected delegate; Amata Coleman RADEWAGEN (Republican Party) 83.5%, Oreta CHRICHTON (Democratic Party) 14.4%, Meleagi SUITONU-CHAPMAN (Democratic Party) 2.1%"
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "High Court of American Samoa (consists of the chief justice, associate chief justice, and 6 Samoan associate judges and organized into trial, family, drug, and appellate divisions); note - American Samoa has no US federal courts"

29
australia-oceania/as.json
View file

@ -450,7 +450,12 @@
"daylight saving time": {
"text": "+1hr, begins first Sunday in October; ends first Sunday in April"
},
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>Australia has four time zones, including Lord Howe Island (UTC+10:30)<strong><br><br>etymolgy: </strong>the name is claimed to derive from either Kambera or Camberry, which are names corrupted from the original native designation for the area \"Nganbra\" or \"Nganbira\"<br><strong><br><br></strong>"
"time zone note": {
"text": "Australia has four time zones, including Lord Howe Island (UTC+10:30)"
},
"etymology": {
"text": "the name is claimed to derive from either Kambera or Camberry, which are names corrupted from the original native designation for the area \"Nganbra\" or \"Nganbira\""
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "6 states and 2 territories*; Australian Capital Territory*, New South Wales, Northern Territory*, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia"
@ -495,17 +500,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal and compulsory"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Federal Parliament consists of:<br>Senate (76 seats; 12 members from each of the 6 states and 2 each from the 2 mainland territories; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote; members serve 6-year terms with one-half of state membership renewed every 3 years and territory membership renewed every 3 years)<br>House of Representatives (151 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by majority preferential vote; members serve terms of up to 3 years)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "<br>Senate - last held on 18 May 2019 (next to be held in 2022)<br>House of Representatives - last held on 18 May 2019 (next to be held in 2022)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<br>Senate - percent of vote by party - Liberal/National coalition 37.99%, ALP 28.79%, The Greens 10.19%, One Nation 5.4%, Centre Alliance .19%, Lambie Network .21%, other 17.23%; seats by party - Liberal/National coalition 35, ALP 26, The Greens 9, One Nation 2, Centre Alliance 2, Lambie Network 1, independents 1<br>House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - Liberal/National coalition 41.4%, ALP 33.3%, The Greens 10.4%, Katter's Australian Party .49%, Centre Alliance .33%, independents 3.37%, other 10.63%; seats by party - Liberal/National Coalition 77, ALP 68, The Greens 1, Katter's Australian Party 1, Centre Alliance 1, independent 3"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor General David HURLEY (since 1 July 2019)"
@ -520,6 +514,17 @@
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch on the recommendation of the prime minister; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition is sworn in as prime minister by the governor general"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Federal Parliament consists of:<br>Senate (76 seats; 12 members from each of the 6 states and 2 each from the 2 mainland territories; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote; members serve 6-year terms with one-half of state membership renewed every 3 years and territory membership renewed every 3 years)<br>House of Representatives (151 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by majority preferential vote; members serve terms of up to 3 years)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "<br>Senate - last held on 18 May 2019 (next to be held in 2022)<br>House of Representatives - last held on 18 May 2019 (next to be held in 2022)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<br>Senate - percent of vote by party - Liberal/National coalition 37.99%, ALP 28.79%, The Greens 10.19%, One Nation 5.4%, Centre Alliance .19%, Lambie Network .21%, other 17.23%; seats by party - Liberal/National coalition 35, ALP 26, The Greens 9, One Nation 2, Centre Alliance 2, Lambie Network 1, independents 1<br>House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - Liberal/National coalition 41.4%, ALP 33.3%, The Greens 10.4%, Katter's Australian Party .49%, Centre Alliance .33%, independents 3.37%, other 10.63%; seats by party - Liberal/National Coalition 77, ALP 68, The Greens 1, Katter's Australian Party 1, Centre Alliance 1, independent 3"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "High Court of Australia (consists of 7 justices, including the chief justice); note - each of the 6 states, 2 territories, and Norfolk Island has a Supreme Court; the High Court is the final appellate court beyond the state and territory supreme courts"

28
australia-oceania/bp.json
View file

@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
{
"Introduction": {
"Background": {
"text": "The UK established a protectorate over the Solomon Islands in the 1890s. Some of the bitterest fighting of World War II occurred on this archipelago and the Guadalcanal Campaign (August 1942-February 1943) proved a turning point in the Pacific War, since after the operation the Japanese lost their strategic initiative and remained on the defensive until thier final defeat in 1945. Self-government for the Solomon Islands came in 1976 and independence two years later. Ethnic violence, government malfeasance, endemic crime, and a narrow economic base have undermined stability and civil society. In June 2003, then Prime Minister Sir Allan KEMAKEZA sought the assistance of Australia in reestablishing law and order; the following month, an Australian-led multinational force arrived to restore peace and disarm ethnic militias. The Regional Assistance Mission to the Solomon Islands (RAMSI), which ended in June 2017, was generally effective in restoring law and order and rebuilding government institutions."
"text": "<p>Settlers from Papua arrived on Solomon Islands around 30,000 years ago. About 6,000 years ago, Austronesian settlers came to Solomon Islands and the two groups mixed extensively. Despite significant inter-island trade, no attempts were made to unite the islands into a single political entity. In 1568, Spanish explorer Alvaro de MENDANA became the first European to spot the islands. After a failed Spanish attempt at creating a permanent European settlement on the islands in the late 1500s, Solomon Islands remained free of European contact until 1767 when British explorer Philip CARTERET sailed by the islands. The islands were regularly visited by European explorers and American and British whaling ships into the 1800s, followed by missionaries in the 1850s.<br><br>Germany declared a protectorate over the northern Solomon Islands in 1885 and the UK established a protectorate over the southern islands in 1893. In 1899, Germany transferred its Solomon Islands to the UK in exchange for the UK relinquishing all claims in Samoa. The UK tried to encourage plantation farming but few Europeans were willing to go to Solomon Islands and the UK left most services - such as education and medical services - to missionaries. In 1942, Japan invaded Solomon Islands and significant battles against Allied forces during the Guadalcanal Campaign proved a turning point in the Pacific war. World War II destroyed large parts of Solomon Islands and a nationalism movement emerged near the end of the war. By 1960, the British relented to allow for some local autonomy. The islands were granted self-government in 1976 and independence two years later under Prime Minister Sir Peter KENILOREA.<br><br>In 1999, longstanding ethnic tensions between ethnic Guale in Honiara and ethnic Malaitans in Honiara’s suburbs erupted in civil war, leading thousands of Malaitans to take refuge in Honiara and Guale to flee the city. In 2000, newly-elected Prime Minister Manasseh SOGAVARE focused on peace agreements and distributing resources equally among groups, but his actions bankrupted the government in 2001 and led to SOGAVARE’s ouster. In 2003, Solomon Islands requested international assistance to reestablish law and order. The Australian-led Regional Assistance Mission to the Solomon Islands (RAMSI), which ended in 2017, was generally effective in improving the security situation. In 2006, riots broke out in Honiara and the city’s Chinatown burned over allegations that the prime minister took money from China. SOGAVARE was reelected prime minister for a fourth time following elections in 2019 and that same year announced Solomon Islands would switch diplomatic recognition from Taiwan to China.</p>"
}
},
"Geography": {
@ -453,7 +453,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+11 (16 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> the name derives from \"nagho ni ara,\" which in one of the Guadalcanal languages roughly translates as \"facing the eastern wind\""
"etymology": {
"text": "the name derives from \"nagho ni ara,\" which in one of the Guadalcanal languages roughly translates as \"facing the eastern wind\""
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "9 provinces and 1 city*; Central, Choiseul, Guadalcanal, Honiara*, Isabel, Makira and Ulawa, Malaita, Rennell and Bellona, Temotu, Western"
@ -495,17 +497,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "21 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National Parliament (50 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 4-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 3 April 2019 (next to be held in 2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - UDP 10.7%, DAP 7.8%, PAP 4.4%, other 20.8%, independent 56.3%; seats by party - DAP 7, UDP 5, PAP 3, KPSI 1, SIPFP 1, SIPRA 1, independent 32; composition - men 49, women 1, percent of women 2%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor General David VUNAGI (since&nbsp;8 July 2019)"
@ -523,6 +514,17 @@
"text": "Manasseh SOGAVARE (independent) defeated in no-confidence vote on 6 November 2017; Rick HOU elected prime minister on 15 November 2017"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National Parliament (50 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 4-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 3 April 2019 (next to be held in 2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - UDP 10.7%, DAP 7.8%, PAP 4.4%, other 20.8%, independent 56.3%; seats by party - DAP 7, UDP 5, PAP 3, KPSI 1, SIPFP 1, SIPRA 1, independent 32; composition - men 49, women 1, percent of women 2%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Court of Appeal (consists of the court president and ex officio members including the High Court chief justice and its puisne judges); High Court (consists of the chief justice and puisne judges, as prescribed by the National Parliament)"

28
australia-oceania/ck.json
View file

@ -193,12 +193,12 @@
"text": "the name refers to the abundant coconut trees on the islands and to English Captain William KEELING, the first European to sight the islands in 1609"
}
},
"Dependency status": {
"text": "non-self governing territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Department of Infrastructure, Transport, Cities &amp; Regional Development"
},
"Government type": {
"text": "non-self-governing overseas territory of Australia"
},
"Dependency status": {
"text": "non-self governing territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Department of Infrastructure, Transport, Cities &amp; Regional Development"
},
"Capital": {
"name": {
"text": "West Island"
@ -236,17 +236,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Cocos (Keeling) Islands Shire Council (7 seats; members directly elected by simple majority vote to serve 4-year terms with half the membership renewed every 2 years)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held in October 2017 (next to be held on 31 October 2019)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 5, women 2, percent of women 28.6%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor General of the Commonwealth of Australia General David HURLEY (since 1 July 2019)"
@ -261,6 +250,17 @@
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch on the recommendation of the Australian prime minister; administrator appointed by the governor general for a 2-year term and represents the monarch and Australia"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Cocos (Keeling) Islands Shire Council (7 seats; members directly elected by simple majority vote to serve 4-year terms with half the membership renewed every 2 years)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held in October 2017 (next to be held on 31 October 2019)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 5, women 2, percent of women 28.6%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "under the terms of the Territorial Law Reform Act 1992, Western Australia provides court services as needed for the island including the Supreme Court and subordinate courts (District Court, Magistrate Court, Family Court, Children's Court, and Coroners' Court)"

34
australia-oceania/cq.json
View file

@ -317,12 +317,12 @@
"text": "formally claimed and named by Spain in 1667 in honor of the Spanish Queen, MARIANA of Austria"
}
},
"Dependency status": {
"text": "commonwealth in political union with and under the sovereignty of&nbsp;the US; federal funds to the Commonwealth administered by the US Department of the Interior, Office of Insular Affairs"
},
"Government type": {
"text": "republican form of government with separate executive, legislative, and judicial branches; a commonwealth in political union with and under the sovereignty of the US"
},
"Dependency status": {
"text": "commonwealth in political union with and under the sovereignty of&nbsp;the US; federal funds to the Commonwealth administered by the US Department of the Interior, Office of Insular Affairs"
},
"Capital": {
"name": {
"text": "Saipan"
@ -333,7 +333,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+10 (15 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> the entire island of Saipan is organized as a single municipality and serves as the capital; according to legend, when the first native voyagers arrived in their outrigger canoes they found an uninhabited island; to them it was like an empty voyage, so they named the island \"saay\" meaning \"a voyage,\" and \"peel\" meaning \"empty\"; over time Saaypeel - \"island of the empty voyage\" - became Saipan"
"etymology": {
"text": "the entire island of Saipan is organized as a single municipality and serves as the capital; according to legend, when the first native voyagers arrived in their outrigger canoes they found an uninhabited island; to them it was like an empty voyage, so they named the island \"saay\" meaning \"a voyage,\" and \"peel\" meaning \"empty\"; over time Saaypeel - \"island of the empty voyage\" - became Saipan"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "none (commonwealth in political union with the US); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 4 municipalities at the second order: Northern Islands, Rota, Saipan, Tinian"
@ -361,18 +363,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal; note - indigenous inhabitants are US citizens but do not vote in US presidential elections"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Northern Marianas Commonwealth Legislature consists of:<br>Senate (9 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 4-year terms)<br>House of Representatives (20 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 2-year terms)<br><br>the Northern Mariana Islands directly elects 1 delegate to the US House of Representatives by simple majority vote to serve a 2-year term"
},
"elections": {
"text": "<br>CNMI Senate - last held on 3 November 2020 (next to be held in November 2024)<br>CNMI House of Representatives - last held on 3 November 2020 (next to be held in November 2022)<br>Commonwealth of Northern Mariana Islands delegate to the US House of Representatives  - last held on 3 November 2020 (next to be held in November 2022)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<br>CNMI Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Republican Party 6, independent 3; composition - men 8, women 1, percent of women 11.1%<br>CNMI House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Republican Party 9, Democrat Party 8, independent 3<br><br>delegate to US House of Representatives - seat won by independent; composition - 1 man"
},
"note": "<strong id=\"tinymce\" class=\"mce-content-body \" style=\"font-size: 18px;\" contenteditable=\"true\" spellcheck=\"false\" data-id=\"field_notes\">note:</strong> the Northern Mariana Islands delegate to the US House of Representatives can vote when serving on a committee and when the House meets as the \"Committee of the Whole House\" but not when legislation is submitted for a “full floor” House vote"
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Joseph R. BIDEN Jr. (since 20 January 2021); Vice President Kamala D. HARRIS (since 20 January 2021)"
@ -390,6 +380,18 @@
"text": "Ralph TORRES&nbsp;elected governor; percent of vote - Ralph TORRES (Republican) 62.2%, Juan BABAUTA (Independent) 37.8%;&nbsp;&nbsp;Arnold PALACIOS elected Lieutenant Governor"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Northern Marianas Commonwealth Legislature consists of:<br>Senate (9 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 4-year terms)<br>House of Representatives (20 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 2-year terms)<br><br>the Northern Mariana Islands directly elects 1 delegate to the US House of Representatives by simple majority vote to serve a 2-year term"
},
"elections": {
"text": "<br>CNMI Senate - last held on 3 November 2020 (next to be held in November 2024)<br>CNMI House of Representatives - last held on 3 November 2020 (next to be held in November 2022)<br>Commonwealth of Northern Mariana Islands delegate to the US House of Representatives  - last held on 3 November 2020 (next to be held in November 2022)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<br>CNMI Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Republican Party 6, independent 3; composition - men 8, women 1, percent of women 11.1%<br>CNMI House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Republican Party 9, Democrat Party 8, independent 3<br><br>delegate to US House of Representatives - seat won by independent; composition - 1 man"
},
"note": "<strong id=\"tinymce\" class=\"mce-content-body \" style=\"font-size: 18px;\" contenteditable=\"true\" spellcheck=\"false\" data-id=\"field_notes\">note:</strong> the Northern Mariana Islands delegate to the US House of Representatives can vote when serving on a committee and when the House meets as the \"Committee of the Whole House\" but not when legislation is submitted for a “full floor” House vote"
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI) (consists of the chief justice and 2 associate justices); US Federal District Court (consists of 1 judge); note - US Federal District Court jurisdiction limited to US federal laws; appeals beyond the CNMI Supreme Court are referred to the US Supreme Court"

2
australia-oceania/cr.json
View file

@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
{
"Introduction": {
"Background": {
"text": "<p style=\"margin: 0in; margin-bottom: .0001pt; line-height: 18.0pt; background: white;\">The widely scattered islands were first charted in 1803, but they were too small to host any permanent human habitation. The 1870s and 1880s, saw attempts at guano mining, but these were soon abandoned. The islands became an Australian territory in 1969 and its boundaries were extended in 1997. A small meteorological staff has operated on the Willis Islets since 1921, and several other islands host unmanned weather stations, beacons, and lighthouses. Much of the territory lies within marine national nature reserves. <br></p>"
"text": "<p>The widely scattered islands were first charted in 1803, but they were too small to host any permanent human habitation. The 1870s and 1880s, saw attempts at guano mining, but these were soon abandoned. The islands became an Australian territory in 1969 and its boundaries were extended in 1997. A small meteorological staff has operated on the Willis Islets since 1921, and several other islands host unmanned weather stations, beacons, and lighthouses. Much of the territory lies within marine national nature reserves.</p> <p style=\"margin: 0in; margin-bottom: .0001pt; line-height: 18.0pt; background: white;\"> </p>"
}
},
"Geography": {

32
australia-oceania/cw.json
View file

@ -357,12 +357,12 @@
"text": "named after Captain James COOK, the British explorer who visited the islands in 1773 and 1777"
}
},
"Dependency status": {
"text": "self-governing in free association with New Zealand; Cook Islands is fully responsible for internal affairs; New Zealand retains responsibility for external affairs and defense in consultation with the Cook Islands"
},
"Government type": {
"text": "parliamentary democracy"
},
"Dependency status": {
"text": "self-governing in free association with New Zealand; Cook Islands is fully responsible for internal affairs; New Zealand retains responsibility for external affairs and defense in consultation with the Cook Islands"
},
"Capital": {
"name": {
"text": "Avarua"
@ -373,7 +373,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC-10 (5 hours behind Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> translates as \"two harbors\" in Maori"
"etymology": {
"text": "translates as \"two harbors\" in Maori"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "none"
@ -401,17 +403,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Parliament, formerly the Legislative Assembly (24 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 4-year terms); note - the House of Ariki, a 24-member parliamentary body of traditional leaders appointed by the Queen's representative serves as a consultative body to the Parliament"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 14 June 2018 (next to be held by 2022)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Demo 11, CIP 10, One Cook Islands Movement 1, independent 2; composition - men 15, women 9, percent of women 37.5%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Sir Tom J. MARSTERS (since 9 August 2013); New Zealand Acting High Commissioner Ms Rachel BENNETT (since 9 December 2019)"
@ -426,6 +417,17 @@
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; UK representative appointed by the monarch; New Zealand high commissioner appointed by the New Zealand Government; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually becomes prime minister"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Parliament, formerly the Legislative Assembly (24 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 4-year terms); note - the House of Ariki, a 24-member parliamentary body of traditional leaders appointed by the Queen's representative serves as a consultative body to the Parliament"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 14 June 2018 (next to be held by 2022)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Demo 11, CIP 10, One Cook Islands Movement 1, independent 2; composition - men 15, women 9, percent of women 37.5%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Court of Appeal (consists of the chief justice and 3 judges of the High Court); High Court (consists of the chief justice and at least 4 judges and organized into civil, criminal, and land divisions); note - appeals beyond the Cook Islands Court of Appeal are heard by the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (in London)"

25
australia-oceania/fj.json
View file

@ -474,6 +474,9 @@
},
"daylight saving time": {
"text": "+1hr, begins first Sunday in November; ends second Sunday in January"
},
"etymology": {
"text": "the name means \"little hill\" in the native Fijian (iTaukei) language and refers to a mound where a temple once stood"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
@ -516,17 +519,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Parliament (51 seats; members directly elected in a nationwide, multi-seat constituency by open-list proportional representation vote to serve 4-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 14 November 2018 (next to be held in 2022)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - FijiFirst 50%, SODELPA 39.6%, NFP 7.4%; seats by party - FijiFirst 27, SODELPA 21, NFP 3; composition - men 41, women 10, percent of women 19.6%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Jioji Konousi KONROTE (since 12 November 2015)"
@ -544,6 +536,17 @@
"text": "Jioji Konousi KONROTE reelected president (unopposed)"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Parliament (51 seats; members directly elected in a nationwide, multi-seat constituency by open-list proportional representation vote to serve 4-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 14 November 2018 (next to be held in 2022)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - FijiFirst 50%, SODELPA 39.6%, NFP 7.4%; seats by party - FijiFirst 27, SODELPA 21, NFP 3; composition - men 41, women 10, percent of women 19.6%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice, all justices of the Court of Appeal, and judges appointed specifically as Supreme Court judges); Court of Appeal (consists of the court president, all puisne judges of the High Court, and judges specifically appointed to the Court of Appeal); High Court (chaired by the chief justice and includes a minimum of 10 puisne judges; High Court organized into civil, criminal, family, employment, and tax divisions)"

27
australia-oceania/fm.json
View file

@ -411,7 +411,10 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+11 (16 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> Micronesia has two time zones <br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> Palikir became the new capital of the country in 1989, three years after independence; Kolonia, the former capital, remains the site for many foreign embassies; it also serves as the Pohnpei state capital "
"time zone note": {
"text": "Micronesia has two time zones"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> Palikir became the new capital of the country in 1989, three years after independence; Kolonia, the former capital, remains the site for many foreign embassies; it also serves as the Pohnpei state capital"
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "4 states; Chuuk (Truk), Kosrae (Kosaie), Pohnpei (Ponape), Yap"
@ -453,17 +456,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Congress (14 seats; 10 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 2-year terms and 4 at- large members directly elected from each of the 4 states by proportional representation vote to serve 4-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 2 March 2021 (next to be held on March 2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote - NA; seats - independent 14; composition - men 14, women 0"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President David W. PANUELO (since 11 May 2019); Vice President Yosiwo P. GEORGE (since 11 May 2015); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government"
@ -481,6 +473,17 @@
"text": "David W. PANUELO elected president by Congress; Yosiwo P. GEORGE reelected vice president"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Congress (14 seats; 10 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 2-year terms and 4 at- large members directly elected from each of the 4 states by proportional representation vote to serve 4-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 2 March 2021 (next to be held on March 2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote - NA; seats - independent 14; composition - men 14, women 0"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice and not more than 5 associate justices and organized into appellate and criminal divisions)"

32
australia-oceania/fp.json
View file

@ -371,12 +371,12 @@
"text": "the term \"Polynesia\" is an 18th-century construct composed of two Greek words, \"poly\" (many) and \"nesoi\" (islands), and refers to the more than 1,000 islands scattered over the central and southern Pacific Ocean"
}
},
"Dependency status": {
"text": "overseas country of France; note - overseas territory of France from 1946-2003; overseas collectivity of France since 2003, though it is often referred to as an overseas country due to its degree of autonomy"
},
"Government type": {
"text": "parliamentary democracy (Assembly of French Polynesia); an overseas collectivity of France"
},
"Dependency status": {
"text": "overseas country of France; note - overseas territory of France from 1946-2003; overseas collectivity of France since 2003, though it is often referred to as an overseas country due to its degree of autonomy"
},
"Capital": {
"name": {
"text": "Papeete (located on Tahiti)"
@ -387,7 +387,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC-10 (5 hours behind Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> the name means \"water basket\" and refers to the fact that the islanders originally used calabashes enclosed in baskets to fetch water at a spring in the area"
"etymology": {
"text": "the name means \"water basket\" and refers to the fact that the islanders originally used calabashes enclosed in baskets to fetch water at a spring in the area"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "5 administrative subdivisions (subdivisions administratives, singular - subdivision administrative): Iles Australes (Austral Islands), Iles du Vent (Windward Islands), Iles Marquises (Marquesas Islands), Iles Sous-le-Vent (Leeward Islands), Iles Tuamotu-Gambier; note - the Leeward Islands and the Windward Islands together make up the Society Islands (Iles de la Societe)"
@ -415,17 +417,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Assembly of French Polynesia or Assemblée de la Polynésie française (57 seats; elections held in 2 rounds; in the second round, 38 members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by a closed-list proportional representation vote; the party receiving the most votes gets an additional 19 seats; members serve 5-year terms)<br> <br> <br> <br> <br>French Polynesia indirectly elects 2 senators to the French Senate via an electoral college by absolute majority vote for 6-year terms with one-half the membership renewed every 3 years and directly elects 3 deputies to the French National Assembly by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed for 5-year terms"
},
"elections": {
"text": "<p>Assembly of French Polynesia - last held on 22 April 2018 and 6 May 2018 (next to be held in 2023)<br>French Senate - last held in September 2017 (next to be held in September 2020)<br>French National Assembly - last held in 2 rounds on 3 and 17 June 2017 (next to be held in 2022)</p>"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<p>Assembly of French Polynesia - percent of vote by party - Tapura Huiraatira 45.1%, Popular Rally 29.3%, Tavini Huiraatira 25.6%; seats by party - Tapura Huiraatira 38, Popular Rally 11, Tavini Huiraatira 8; composition - men 27, women 30, percent of women 52.6%<br>French Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Popular Rally 1, People's Servant Party 1; composition - men 246, women 102, percent of women 29.3%<br>French National Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Tapura Huiractura 2, Tavini Huiraatura 1; composition - men 353, women 224, percent of women 38.8%; note - total Parliament percent of women 20%</p>"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Emmanuel MACRON (since 14 May 2017), represented by High Commissioner of the Republic Dominique SORAIN (since 10 July 2019)"
@ -440,6 +431,17 @@
"text": "French president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); high commissioner appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; French Polynesia president indirectly elected by Assembly of French Polynesia for a 5-year term (no term limits)"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Assembly of French Polynesia or Assemblée de la Polynésie française (57 seats; elections held in 2 rounds; in the second round, 38 members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by a closed-list proportional representation vote; the party receiving the most votes gets an additional 19 seats; members serve 5-year terms)<br> <br> <br> <br> <br>French Polynesia indirectly elects 2 senators to the French Senate via an electoral college by absolute majority vote for 6-year terms with one-half the membership renewed every 3 years and directly elects 3 deputies to the French National Assembly by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed for 5-year terms"
},
"elections": {
"text": "<p>Assembly of French Polynesia - last held on 22 April 2018 and 6 May 2018 (next to be held in 2023)<br>French Senate - last held in September 2017 (next to be held in September 2020)<br>French National Assembly - last held in 2 rounds on 3 and 17 June 2017 (next to be held in 2022)</p>"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<p>Assembly of French Polynesia - percent of vote by party - Tapura Huiraatira 45.1%, Popular Rally 29.3%, Tavini Huiraatira 25.6%; seats by party - Tapura Huiraatira 38, Popular Rally 11, Tavini Huiraatira 8; composition - men 27, women 30, percent of women 52.6%<br>French Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Popular Rally 1, People's Servant Party 1; composition - men 246, women 102, percent of women 29.3%<br>French National Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Tapura Huiractura 2, Tavini Huiraatura 1; composition - men 353, women 224, percent of women 38.8%; note - total Parliament percent of women 20%</p>"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel (composition NA); note - appeals beyond the French Polynesia Court of Appeal are heard by the Court of Cassation (in Paris)"

34
australia-oceania/gq.json
View file

@ -361,12 +361,12 @@
"text": "the native Chamorro name for the island \"Guahan\" (meaning \"we have\" or \"ours\") was changed to Guam in the 1898 Treaty of Paris, whereby Spain relinquished Guam, Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines to the US"
}
},
"Dependency status": {
"text": "unincorporated organized territory of the US with policy relations between Guam and the&nbsp;federal government&nbsp;under the jurisdiction of the Office of Insular Affairs, US Department of the Interior"
},
"Government type": {
"text": "republican form of government with separate executive, legislative, and judicial branches; unincorporated organized territory of the US with local self-government"
},
"Dependency status": {
"text": "unincorporated organized territory of the US with policy relations between Guam and the&nbsp;federal government&nbsp;under the jurisdiction of the Office of Insular Affairs, US Department of the Interior"
},
"Capital": {
"name": {
"text": "Hagatna (Agana)"
@ -377,7 +377,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+10 (15 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> the name is derived from the Chamoru word \"haga,\" meaning \"blood\", and may refer to the bloodlines of the various families that established the original settlement"
"etymology": {
"text": "the name is derived from the Chamoru word \"haga,\" meaning \"blood\", and may refer to the bloodlines of the various families that established the original settlement"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "none (territory of the US)"
@ -405,18 +407,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal; note - Guamanians are US citizens but do not vote in US presidential elections"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Legislature of Guam or Liheslaturan Guahan (15 seats; members elected in a single countrywide constituency by simple majority vote to serve 2-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 6 November 2018 (next to be held on 3 November 2020)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Democratic Party 10, Republican Party 5; composition - men 5, women 10, percent of women 66.7%"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> Guam directly elects 1 member by simple majority vote to serve a 2-year term as a delegate to the US House of Representatives; the delegate can vote when serving on a committee and when the House meets as the Committee of the Whole House, but not when legislation is submitted for a “full floor” House vote; election of delegate last held on 6 November 2018 (next to be held on 3 November 2020); election results - seat by party - Democratic Party 1; composition 1 man"
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "<p>President Joseph R. BIDEN Jr. (since 20 January 2021); Vice President Kamala D. HARRIS (since 20 January 2021)</p>"
@ -434,6 +424,18 @@
"text": "Lourdes LEON GUERRERO elected governor; percent of vote - &nbsp;Lourdes LEON GUERRERO (Democratic Party) 50.7%, Ray TENORIO (Republican Party) 26.4%; Josh TENORIO (Democratic Party) elected lieutenant governor"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Legislature of Guam or Liheslaturan Guahan (15 seats; members elected in a single countrywide constituency by simple majority vote to serve 2-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 6 November 2018 (next to be held on 3 November 2020)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Democratic Party 10, Republican Party 5; composition - men 5, women 10, percent of women 66.7%"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> Guam directly elects 1 member by simple majority vote to serve a 2-year term as a delegate to the US House of Representatives; the delegate can vote when serving on a committee and when the House meets as the Committee of the Whole House, but not when legislation is submitted for a “full floor” House vote; election of delegate last held on 6 November 2018 (next to be held on 3 November 2020); election results - seat by party - Democratic Party 1; composition 1 man"
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court of Guam (consists of 3 justices); note - appeals beyond the Supreme Court of Guam are referred to the US Supreme Court"

29
australia-oceania/kr.json
View file

@ -441,7 +441,12 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+12 (17 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> Kiribati has three time zones: the Gilbert Islands group at UTC+12, the Phoenix Islands at UTC+13, and the Line Islands at UTC+14<br><br><strong>etymology:</strong> in Kiribati creation mythology, \"tarawa\" was what the spider Nareau named the land to distinguish it from \"karawa\" (the sky) and \"marawa\" (the ocean)"
"time zone note": {
"text": "Kiribati has three time zones: the Gilbert Islands group at UTC+12, the Phoenix Islands at UTC+13, and the Line Islands at UTC+14"
},
"etymology": {
"text": "in Kiribati creation mythology, \"tarawa\" was what the spider Nareau named the land to distinguish it from \"karawa\" (the sky) and \"marawa\" (the ocean)"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "3 geographical units: Gilbert Islands, Line Islands, Phoenix Islands; note - there are no first-order administrative divisions, but there are 6 districts (Banaba, Central Gilberts, Line Islands, Northern Gilberts, Southern Gilberts, Tarawa) and 21 island councils - one for each of the inhabited islands (Abaiang, Abemama, Aranuka, Arorae, Banaba, Beru, Butaritari, Kanton, Kiritimati, Kuria, Maiana, Makin, Marakei, Nikunau, Nonouti, Onotoa, Tabiteuea, Tabuaeran, Tamana, Tarawa, Teraina)"
@ -483,17 +488,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral House of Assembly or Maneaba Ni Maungatabu (46 seats; 44 members directly elected in single- and multi-seat constituencies by absolute majority vote in two-rounds if needed; 1 member appointed by the Rabi Council of Leaders - representing Banaba Island, and 1 ex officio member - the attorney general; members serve 4-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "legislative elections originally scheduled to be held in two rounds on 7 and 15 April 2020 but rescheduled for 14 and 21 April (next to be held in 2024)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party (second round) - NA; seats by party (second round) - TKB 22, BKM 22, 1 independent"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Taneti MAAMAU (since 11 March 2016); Vice President Teuea TOATU (since 19 June 2019); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government"
@ -511,6 +505,17 @@
"text": "Taneti MAAMAU reelected president; percent of vote - Taneti MAAMAU (TKB) 59.3%,&nbsp;Banuera BERINA (BKM) 40.7%."
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral House of Assembly or Maneaba Ni Maungatabu (46 seats; 44 members directly elected in single- and multi-seat constituencies by absolute majority vote in two-rounds if needed; 1 member appointed by the Rabi Council of Leaders - representing Banaba Island, and 1 ex officio member - the attorney general; members serve 4-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "legislative elections originally scheduled to be held in two rounds on 7 and 15 April 2020 but rescheduled for 14 and 21 April (next to be held in 2024)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party (second round) - NA; seats by party (second round) - TKB 22, BKM 22, 1 independent"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "High Court (consists of a chief justice and other judges as prescribed by the president); note - the High Court has jurisdiction on constitutional issues"

32
australia-oceania/kt.json
View file

@ -197,12 +197,12 @@
"text": "named by English Captain William MYNORS for the day of its rediscovery, Christmas Day (25 December 1643); the island had been sighted by Europeans as early as 1615"
}
},
"Dependency status": {
"text": "non-self governing territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Department of Infrastructure, Transport, Cities &amp; Regional Development"
},
"Government type": {
"text": "non-self-governing overseas territory of Australia"
},
"Dependency status": {
"text": "non-self governing territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Department of Infrastructure, Transport, Cities &amp; Regional Development"
},
"Capital": {
"name": {
"text": "The Settlement (Flying Fish Cove)"
@ -213,7 +213,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+7 (12 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> self-descriptive name for the main locus of population"
"etymology": {
"text": "self-descriptive name for the main locus of population"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "none (territory of Australia)"
@ -241,17 +243,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Christmas Island Shire Council (9 seats; members directly elected by simple majority vote to serve 4-year terms with a portion of the membership renewed every 2 years)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "held every 2 years with half the members standing for election; last held on&nbsp;21 October 2017 (next to be held in October 2019)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote - NA; seats by party - independent 9; composition as of 17 October 2015 - men 7, women 2, percent of women 22.2%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor General of the Commonwealth of Australia General David HURLEY (since 1 July 2019)"
@ -263,6 +254,17 @@
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch on the recommendation of the Australian prime minister; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia for a 2-year term and represents the monarch and Australia"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Christmas Island Shire Council (9 seats; members directly elected by simple majority vote to serve 4-year terms with a portion of the membership renewed every 2 years)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "held every 2 years with half the members standing for election; last held on&nbsp;21 October 2017 (next to be held in October 2019)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote - NA; seats by party - independent 9; composition as of 17 October 2015 - men 7, women 2, percent of women 22.2%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "under the terms of the Territorial Law Reform Act 1992, Western Australia provides court services as needed for the island, including the Supreme Court and subordinate courts (District Court, Magistrate Court, Family Court, Children's Court, and Coroners' Court)"

32
australia-oceania/nc.json
View file

@ -380,12 +380,12 @@
"text": "British explorer Captain James COOK discovered and named New Caledonia in 1774; he used the appellation because the northeast of the island reminded him of Scotland (Caledonia is the Latin designation for Scotland)"
}
},
"Dependency status": {
"text": "special collectivity (or a sui generis collectivity) of France since 1998; note - independence referenda took place on 4 November 2018 and 4 October 2020 with a majority voting to reject independence in favor of maintaining the status quo; an additional referenda, still unsceheduled, may occur in 2022"
},
"Government type": {
"text": "parliamentary democracy (Territorial Congress); an overseas collectivity of France"
},
"Dependency status": {
"text": "special collectivity (or a sui generis collectivity) of France since 1998; note - independence referenda took place on 4 November 2018 and 4 October 2020 with a majority voting to reject independence in favor of maintaining the status quo; an additional referenda, still unsceheduled, may occur in 2022"
},
"Capital": {
"name": {
"text": "Noumea"
@ -396,7 +396,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+11 (16 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> established in 1854 as Port-de-France, the settlement was renamed Noumea in 1866, in order to avoid any confusion with Fort-de-France in Martinique; the New Caledonian language of Ndrumbea (also spelled Ndumbea, Dubea, and Drubea) spoken in the area gave its name to the capital city, Noumea, as well as to the neighboring town (suburb) of Dumbea"
"etymology": {
"text": "established in 1854 as Port-de-France, the settlement was renamed Noumea in 1866, in order to avoid any confusion with Fort-de-France in Martinique; the New Caledonian language of Ndrumbea (also spelled Ndumbea, Dubea, and Drubea) spoken in the area gave its name to the capital city, Noumea, as well as to the neighboring town (suburb) of Dumbea"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "3 provinces; Province Iles (Islands Province), Province Nord (North Province), and Province Sud (South Province)"
@ -424,17 +426,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Territorial Congress or Congrès du Territoire (54 seats; members indirectly selected proportionally by the partisan makeup of the 3 Provincial Assemblies or Assemblés Provinciales; members of the 3 Provincial Assemblies directly elected by proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms); note - the Customary Senate is the assembly of the various traditional councils of the Kanaks, the indigenous population, which rules on laws affecting the indigenous population<br>New Caledonia indirectly elects 2 members to the French Senate by an electoral colleges for a 6-year term with one seat renewed every 3 years and directly elects 2 members to the French National Assembly by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term"
},
"elections": {
"text": "<br>Territorial Congress - last held on 12 May 2019 (next to be held in May 2024)<br>French Senate - election last held on 24 September 2017 (next to be held not later than 2019)<br><br>French National Assembly - election last held on 11 and 18 June 2017 (next to be held by June 2022)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<p>Territorial Congress - percent of vote by party - N/A; seats by party -Future With Confidence 18, UNI 9, UC 9, CE 7, FLNKS 6, Oceanic Awakening 3, PT 1, LKS 1 (Anti-Independence 28, Pro-Independence 26); composition - men 30, women 24, percent of women 44.4%</p> <br>French Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UMP 2<br><br>French National Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - CE 2"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Emmanuel MACRON (since 14 May 2017); represented by High Commissioner Laurent PREVOST (since 5 August 2019)"
@ -452,6 +443,17 @@
"text": "Thierry SANTA elected president by Territorial Congress with 6 votes out of 11"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Territorial Congress or Congrès du Territoire (54 seats; members indirectly selected proportionally by the partisan makeup of the 3 Provincial Assemblies or Assemblés Provinciales; members of the 3 Provincial Assemblies directly elected by proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms); note - the Customary Senate is the assembly of the various traditional councils of the Kanaks, the indigenous population, which rules on laws affecting the indigenous population<br>New Caledonia indirectly elects 2 members to the French Senate by an electoral colleges for a 6-year term with one seat renewed every 3 years and directly elects 2 members to the French National Assembly by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term"
},
"elections": {
"text": "<br>Territorial Congress - last held on 12 May 2019 (next to be held in May 2024)<br>French Senate - election last held on 24 September 2017 (next to be held not later than 2019)<br><br>French National Assembly - election last held on 11 and 18 June 2017 (next to be held by June 2022)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<p>Territorial Congress - percent of vote by party - N/A; seats by party -Future With Confidence 18, UNI 9, UC 9, CE 7, FLNKS 6, Oceanic Awakening 3, PT 1, LKS 1 (Anti-Independence 28, Pro-Independence 26); composition - men 30, women 24, percent of women 44.4%</p> <br>French Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UMP 2<br><br>French National Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - CE 2"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Court of Appeal in Noumea or Cour d'Appel; organized into civil, commercial, social, and pre-trial investigation chambers; court bench normally includes the court president and 2 counselors); Administrative Court (number of judges NA); note - final appeals beyond the Court of Appeal are referred to the Court of Cassation or Cour de Cassation (in Paris); final appeals beyond the Administrative Court are referred to the Administrative Court of Appeal (in Paris)"

28
australia-oceania/ne.json
View file

@ -287,12 +287,12 @@
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> pronunciation falls between nyu-way and new-way, but not like new-wee"
},
"Dependency status": {
"text": "self-governing in free association with New Zealand since 1974; Niue is fully responsible for internal affairs; New Zealand retains responsibility for external affairs and defense; however, these responsibilities confer no rights of control and are only exercised at the request of the Government of Niue"
},
"Government type": {
"text": "parliamentary democracy"
},
"Dependency status": {
"text": "self-governing in free association with New Zealand since 1974; Niue is fully responsible for internal affairs; New Zealand retains responsibility for external affairs and defense; however, these responsibilities confer no rights of control and are only exercised at the request of the Government of Niue"
},
"Capital": {
"name": {
"text": "Alofi"
@ -327,17 +327,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Assembly or Fono Ekepule (20 seats; 14 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote and 6 directly elected from the National Register or \"common roll\" by majority vote; members serve 3-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 30 May 2020 (next to be held on 2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - independent 20"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor-General of New Zealand Dame Patricia Lee REDDY (since 28 September 2016); the UK and New Zealand are represented by New Zealand High Commissioner Kirk YATES (since May 2018)"
@ -355,6 +344,17 @@
"text": "Dalton TAGELAGI elected premier; Legislative Assembly vote - Dalton TAGELAGI (independent) 13, O'Love JACOBSEN (independent) 7; Toke TALAGI&nbsp;lost his seat in election"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Assembly or Fono Ekepule (20 seats; 14 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote and 6 directly elected from the National Register or \"common roll\" by majority vote; members serve 3-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 30 May 2020 (next to be held on 2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - independent 20"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Court of Appeal (consists of the chief justice and up to 3 judges); note - the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (in London) is the final appeal court beyond the Niue Court of Appeal"

34
australia-oceania/nf.json
View file

@ -207,12 +207,12 @@
"text": "named by British explorer Captain James COOK after Mary HOWARD, Duchess of Norfolk, in 1774"
}
},
"Dependency status": {
"text": "self-governing territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Department of Infrastructure, Transport, Cities &amp; Regional Development"
},
"Government type": {
"text": "non-self-governing overseas territory of Australia; note - the Norfolk Island Regional Council, which began operations 1 July 2016, is responsible for planning and managing a variety of public services, including those funded by the Government of Australia"
},
"Dependency status": {
"text": "self-governing territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Department of Infrastructure, Transport, Cities &amp; Regional Development"
},
"Capital": {
"name": {
"text": "Kingston"
@ -226,7 +226,9 @@
"daylight saving time": {
"text": "+1hr, begins first Sunday in October; ends first Sunday in April"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> the name is a blending of the words \"king's\" and \"town\"; the British king at the time of the town's settlement in the late 18th century was George III"
"etymology": {
"text": "the name is a blending of the words \"king's\" and \"town\"; the British king at the time of the town's settlement in the late 18th century was George III"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "none (territory of Australia)"
@ -254,18 +256,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Norfolk Island Regional Council (5 seats; councillors directly elected by simple majority vote to serve 4-year terms); mayor elected annually by the councillors"
},
"elections": {
"text": "elections last held 28 May 2016 (next rescheduled to be held in 2022)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "seats by party - independent 5; composition - men 4, women 1, percent of women 20%"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> following an administrative restructuring of local government, the Legislative Assembly was dissolved on 18 June 2015 and replaced by an interim Norfolk Island Advisory Council effective 1 July 2015; the Advisory Council consisted of 5 members appointed by the Norfolk Island administrator based on nominations from the community; following elections on 28 May 2016, the new Norfolk Island Regional Council (NIRC) commenced operations on 1 July 2016; on 20 December 2020 the NIRC was suspended for three months following a public audit and this suspension was extended on 3 February 2021 for an additional three months pending the outcome of a public inquiry; the council election previously scheduled for 13 March 2021 has been postponed 12 months"
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor General of the Commonwealth of Australia General David HURLEY (since 1 July 2019)"
@ -280,6 +270,18 @@
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia for a 2-year term and represents the monarch and Australia"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Norfolk Island Regional Council (5 seats; councillors directly elected by simple majority vote to serve 4-year terms); mayor elected annually by the councillors"
},
"elections": {
"text": "elections last held 28 May 2016 (next rescheduled to be held in 2022)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "seats by party - independent 5; composition - men 4, women 1, percent of women 20%"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> following an administrative restructuring of local government, the Legislative Assembly was dissolved on 18 June 2015 and replaced by an interim Norfolk Island Advisory Council effective 1 July 2015; the Advisory Council consisted of 5 members appointed by the Norfolk Island administrator based on nominations from the community; following elections on 28 May 2016, the new Norfolk Island Regional Council (NIRC) commenced operations on 1 July 2016; on 20 December 2020 the NIRC was suspended for three months following a public audit and this suspension was extended on 3 February 2021 for an additional three months pending the outcome of a public inquiry; the council election previously scheduled for 13 March 2021 has been postponed 12 months"
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court of Norfolk Island (consists of the chief justice and several justices); note - appeals beyond the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island are heard by the Federal Court and the High Court of Australia"

30
australia-oceania/nh.json
View file

@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
{
"Introduction": {
"Background": {
"text": "Multiple waves of colonizers, each speaking a distinct language, migrated to the New Hebrides in the millennia preceding European exploration in the 18th century. This settlement pattern accounts for the complex linguistic diversity found on the archipelago to this day. The British and French, who settled the New Hebrides in the 19th century, agreed in 1906 to an Anglo-French Condominium, which administered the islands until independence in 1980, when the new name of Vanuatu was adopted. Politics and society continue to be divided along linguistic lines, although those divisions are lessening over time. Coalition governments tend to be weak, and since 2008, prime ministers have been ousted through no-confidence motions or temporary procedural issues 10 times. Prime Minister Charlot SALAWI has survived at least five no-confidence motions since taking office in 2016."
"text": "<p>Vanuatu was first settled around 2000 B.C. by Austronesian speakers from Solomon Islands. By around 1000, localized chieftain systems began to develop on the islands. In the mid-1400s, the Kuwae Volcano erupted, causing frequent conflict and internal strife amid declining food availability, especially on Efate Island. Around 1600, Chief ROI MATA united Efate under his rule. In 1606, Portuguese explorer Pedro Fernandes de QUEIROS was the first European to see the Banks Islands and Espiritu Santo, setting up a short-lived settlement on the latter. The next European explorers arrived in the 1760s, and in 1774, British navigator James COOK named the islands the New Hebrides. The islands were frequented by whalers in the 1800s and interest in harvesting the islands’ sandalwood trees caused conflict between Europeans and local Ni-Vanuatu. Catholic and Protestant missionaries arrived in the 1840s but faced difficulties converting the locals. In the 1860s, European planters in Australia, Fiji, New Caledonia, and Samoa needed labor and kidnapped almost half the adult males of the islands and forced them to work as indentured servants.<br><br>With growing and overlapping interests in the islands, France and the UK agreed that the New Hebrides would be neutral in 1878 and established a joint naval commission in 1887. In 1906, the two countries created the British-French Condominium to jointly administer the islands and they established separate laws, police forces, currencies, and education and health systems. The condominium arrangement was dysfunctional and the UK used France’s defeat to Germany in World War II to assert greater control over the islands. As Japan pushed into Melanesia, the US stationed up to 50,000 soldiers in Vanuatu to prevent further advances. In 1945, US troops withdrew and sold their equipment, leading to the rise of political and religious cargo cults, such as the John Frum movement.<br><br>The France-UK condominium was reestablished after World War II. The UK was interested in moving the condominium toward independence in the 1960s but France was hesitant and political parties agitating independence began to form, largely divided along linguistic lines. France eventually relented and elections were held in 1974 with independence granted in 1980 as Vanuatu under English-speaking Prime Minister Walter LINI. At independence, the Nagriamel Movement, with support from French-speaking landowners, declared Espiritu Santo independent, but the short-lived state was dissolved 12 weeks later. Linguistic divisions have lessened over time but highly fractious political parties have led to weak coalition governments that require support from both Anglophone and Francophone parties. Since 2008, prime ministers have been ousted through no-confidence motions or temporary procedural issues 10 times.<br><br><br><br><br></p>"
}
},
"Geography": {
@ -459,7 +459,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+11 (16 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> there are two possibilities for the origin of the name: early European settlers were Portuguese and \"vila\" means \"village or town\" in Portuguese, hence \"Port-Vila\" would mean \"Port Town\"; alternatively, the site of the capital is referred to as \"Efil\" or \"Ifira\" in native languages, \"Vila\" is a likely corruption of these names"
"etymology": {
"text": "there are two possibilities for the origin of the name: early European settlers were Portuguese and \"vila\" means \"village or town\" in Portuguese, hence \"Port-Vila\" would mean \"Port Town\"; alternatively, the site of the capital is referred to as \"Efil\" or \"Ifira\" in native languages, \"Vila\" is a likely corruption of these names"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "6 provinces; Malampa, Penama, Sanma, Shefa, Tafea, Torba"
@ -501,18 +503,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Parliament (52 seats; members directly elected in 8 single-seat and 9 multi-seat constituencies by single non-transferable vote to serve 4-year terms (candidates in multi-seat constituencies can be elected with only 4% of the vote)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 19&ndash;20 March 2020 (next to be held in 2024)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - GJP 9, RMC 7, VP 7, LPV 5, UMP 5, NUP 4, other 15; composition - men 52, women 0; percent of women 0%; note - political party associations are fluid"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the National Council of Chiefs advises on matters of culture and language"
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Tallis Obed MOSES (since 6 July 2017)"
@ -530,6 +520,18 @@
"text": "Bob LOUGHMAN elected prime minister on 20 April 2020; Bob LOUGHMAN 31 votes, Ralph REGENVANU 21 votes"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Parliament (52 seats; members directly elected in 8 single-seat and 9 multi-seat constituencies by single non-transferable vote to serve 4-year terms (candidates in multi-seat constituencies can be elected with only 4% of the vote)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 19&ndash;20 March 2020 (next to be held in 2024)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - GJP 9, RMC 7, VP 7, LPV 5, UMP 5, NUP 4, other 15; composition - men 52, women 0; percent of women 0%; note - political party associations are fluid"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the National Council of Chiefs advises on matters of culture and language"
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Court of Appeal (consists of 2 or more judges of the Supreme Court designated by the chief justice); Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice and 6 puisne judges - 3 local and 3 expatriate)"

22
australia-oceania/nr.json
View file

@ -441,17 +441,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "20 years of age; universal and compulsory"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral parliament (19 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by majority vote using the \"Dowdall\" counting system by which voters rank candidates on their ballots; members serve 3-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 24 August 2019 (next to be held in 2022)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote - NA; seats - independent 19; composition - men 17, women 2, percent of women 10.5%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Lionel AINGIMEA (since 27 August 2019); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government"
@ -469,6 +458,17 @@
"text": "Lionel AINGIMEA elected president; Parliament vote - Lionel AINGIMEA (independent) 12, David ADEANG (Nauru First) 6"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral parliament (19 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by majority vote using the \"Dowdall\" counting system by which voters rank candidates on their ballots; members serve 3-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 24 August 2019 (next to be held in 2022)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote - NA; seats - independent 19; composition - men 17, women 2, percent of women 10.5%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice and several justices); note - in late 2017, the Nauruan Government revoked the 1976 High Court Appeals Act, which had allowed appeals beyond the Nauruan Supreme Court, and in early 2018, the government formed its own appeals court"

35
australia-oceania/nz.json
View file

@ -459,7 +459,12 @@
"daylight saving time": {
"text": "+1hr, begins last Sunday in September; ends first Sunday in April"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> New Zealand has two time zones: New Zealand standard time (UTC+12) and Chatham Islands time (45 minutes in advance of New Zealand standard time; UTC+12:45)<br><br><strong>etymology:</strong> named in 1840 after Arthur Wellesley, the first Duke of Wellington and victorious general at the Battle of Waterloo"
"time zone note": {
"text": "New Zealand has two time zones: New Zealand standard time (UTC+12) and Chatham Islands time (45 minutes in advance of New Zealand standard time; UTC+12:45)"
},
"etymology": {
"text": "named in 1840 after Arthur Wellesley, the first Duke of Wellington and victorious general at the Battle of Waterloo"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "16 regions and 1 territory*; Auckland, Bay of Plenty, Canterbury, Chatham Islands*, Gisborne, Hawke's Bay, Manawatu-Wanganui, Marlborough, Nelson, Northland, Otago, Southland, Taranaki, Tasman, Waikato, Wellington, West Coast"
@ -504,17 +509,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral House of Representatives - commonly called Parliament (120 seats for 2020-23 term); 72 members directly elected in 65 single-seat constituencies and 7 Maori constituencies by simple majority vote and 48 directly elected by closed party-list proportional representation vote; members serve 3-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 17 October 2020 (next scheduled for 2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - Labor Party 49.1%, National Party 26.8%, ACT Party 8%, Green Party 6.3%, Maori Party 1%; seats by party - Labor Party 64, National Party 35, Green Party 10, ACT Party 10, Maori Party 1; composition - men 63, women 57, percent of women 47.5%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor-General Dame Patricia Lee REDDY (since 28 September 2016)"
@ -529,6 +523,17 @@
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor-general appointed by the monarch on the advice of the prime minister; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the governor-general; deputy prime minister appointed by the governor-general; note - Prime Minister ARDERN heads up a minority coalition government consisting of the Labor and New Zealand First parties with confidence and supply support from the Green Party"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral House of Representatives - commonly called Parliament (120 seats for 2020-23 term); 72 members directly elected in 65 single-seat constituencies and 7 Maori constituencies by simple majority vote and 48 directly elected by closed party-list proportional representation vote; members serve 3-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 17 October 2020 (next scheduled for 2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - Labor Party 49.1%, National Party 26.8%, ACT Party 8%, Green Party 6.3%, Maori Party 1%; seats by party - Labor Party 64, National Party 35, Green Party 10, ACT Party 10, Maori Party 1; composition - men 63, women 57, percent of women 47.5%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court (consists of 5 justices, including the chief justice); note - the Supreme Court in 2004 replaced the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (in London) as the final appeals court"
@ -1129,6 +1134,12 @@
"text": "17 years of age for voluntary military service; soldiers cannot be deployed until the age of 18; no conscription (2021)"
}
},
"Terrorism": {
"Terrorist group(s)": {
"text": "Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in Appendix-T"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {
"Disputes - international": {
"text": "<p>asserts a territorial claim in Antarctica (Ross Dependency)</p>"

32
australia-oceania/pc.json
View file

@ -219,12 +219,12 @@
"text": "named after Midshipman Robert PITCAIRN who first sighted the island in 1767"
}
},
"Dependency status": {
"text": "overseas territory of the UK"
},
"Government type": {
"text": "parliamentary democracy"
},
"Dependency status": {
"text": "overseas territory of the UK"
},
"Capital": {
"name": {
"text": "Adamstown"
@ -235,7 +235,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC-9 (4 hours behind Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> named after John Adams (1767–1829), the last survivor of the Bounty mutineers who settled on Pitcairn Island in January 1790"
"etymology": {
"text": "named after John Adams (1767&ndash;1829), the last survivor of the Bounty mutineers who settled on Pitcairn Island in January 1790"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "none (overseas territory of the UK)"
@ -263,17 +265,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal with three years residency"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Island Council (10 seats; 4 members directly elected by proportional representation vote, 1 nominated by the elected Council members, 2 appointed by the governor, and 3 ex-officio members - the governor, deputy governor, and commissioner; elected members serve 1-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held in November 2017 (next to be held not later than December 2019)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote - NA; seats - 5 independent; composition - men 5, women 5, percent of women 50%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by UK High Commissioner to New Zealand and Governor (nonresident) of the Pitcairn Islands Laura CLARK (since 25 January 2018)"
@ -291,6 +282,17 @@
"text": "Charlene WARREN-PEU elected mayor and chairman of the Island Council; Island Council vote - NA"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Island Council (10 seats; 4 members directly elected by proportional representation vote, 1 nominated by the elected Council members, 2 appointed by the governor, and 3 ex-officio members - the governor, deputy governor, and commissioner; elected members serve 1-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held in November 2017 (next to be held not later than December 2019)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote - NA; seats - 5 independent; composition - men 5, women 5, percent of women 50%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Pitcairn Court of Appeal (consists of the court president, 2 judges, and the Supreme Court chief justice, an ex-officio member); Pitcairn Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice and 2 judges); note - appeals beyond the Pitcairn Court of Appeal are referred to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (in London)"

27
australia-oceania/ps.json
View file

@ -443,7 +443,10 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+9 (14 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> the Palauan meaning is \"place of fermented 'mud'\" ('mud' being the native name for the keyhole angelfish); the site of the new capitol (established in 2006) had been a large hill overlooking the ocean, Ngerulmud, on which women would communally gather to offer fermented angelfish to the gods<br><br><strong>note: </strong>Ngerulmud, on Babeldaob Island, is the smallest national capital on earth by population, with only a few hundred people; the name is pronounced en-jer-al-mud; Koror, on Koror Island, with over 11,000 residents is by far the largest settlement in Palau; it served as the country's capital from independence in 1994 to 2006"
"etymology": {
"text": "the Palauan meaning is \"place of fermented 'mud'\" ('mud' being the native name for the keyhole angelfish); the site of the new capitol (established in 2006) had been a large hill overlooking the ocean,&nbsp;Ngerulmud, on which women would communally gather to offer fermented angelfish to the gods"
},
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>Ngerulmud, on Babeldaob Island, is the smallest national capital on earth by population, with only a few hundred people; the name is pronounced en-jer-al-mud; Koror, on Koror Island, with over 11,000 residents is by far the largest settlement in Palau; it served as the country's capital from independence in 1994 to 2006"
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "16 states; Aimeliik, Airai, Angaur, Hatohobei, Kayangel, Koror, Melekeok, Ngaraard, Ngarchelong, Ngardmau, Ngatpang, Ngchesar, Ngeremlengui, Ngiwal, Peleliu, Sonsorol"
@ -485,17 +488,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral National Congress or Olbiil Era Kelulau consists of:<br>Senate (13 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by majority vote to serve 4-year terms)<br>House of Delegates (16 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 4-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "<br>Senate - last held on 3 November 2020 (next to be held in November 2024)<br>House of Delegates - last held on 3 November 2020 (next to be held in November 2024)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<br>Senate - percent of vote - NA; seats - independent 13; composition - men 12, women 1; percent of women 7.7%<br>House of Delegates - percent of vote - NA; seats - independent 16; composition - men 15, women 1; percent of women 6.3%; note - overall percent of women in National Congress 6.9%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Surangel WHIPPS Jr. (since 21 January 2021); Vice President Jerrlyn Uduch Sengebau SENIOR (since 21 January 2021); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government"
@ -513,6 +505,17 @@
"text": "Surangel WHIPPS, Jr. elected president (in second round); percent of vote - Surangel WHIPPS, Jr. (independent) 56.7%, Raynold OILUCH (independent) 43.3%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral National Congress or Olbiil Era Kelulau consists of:<br>Senate (13 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by majority vote to serve 4-year terms)<br>House of Delegates (16 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 4-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "<br>Senate - last held on 3 November 2020 (next to be held in November 2024)<br>House of Delegates - last held on 3 November 2020 (next to be held in November 2024)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<br>Senate - percent of vote - NA; seats - independent 13; composition - men 12, women 1; percent of women 7.7%<br>House of Delegates - percent of vote - NA; seats - independent 16; composition - men 15, women 1; percent of women 6.3%; note - overall percent of women in National Congress 6.9%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice and 3 associate justices organized into appellate trial divisions; the Supreme Court organization also includes the Common Pleas and Land Courts)"

26
australia-oceania/rm.json
View file

@ -464,7 +464,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+12 (17 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> Majuro means \"two openings\" or \"two eyes\" and refers to the two major northern passages through the atoll into the Majuro lagoon"
"etymology": {
"text": "Majuro means \"two openings\" or \"two eyes\" and refers to the two major northern passages through the atoll into the Majuro lagoon"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "24 municipalities; Ailinglaplap, Ailuk, Arno, Aur, Bikini &amp; Kili, Ebon, Enewetak &amp; Ujelang, Jabat, Jaluit, Kwajalein, Lae, Lib, Likiep, Majuro, Maloelap, Mejit, Mili, Namorik, Namu, Rongelap, Ujae, Utrik, Wotho, Wotje"
@ -506,17 +508,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral National Parliament consists of:<br>Council of Iroij, a 12-member group of tribal leaders advises the Presidential Cabinet and reviews legislation affecting customary law or any traditional practice); members appointed to serve 1-year terms<br>Nitijela (33 seats; members in 19 single- and 5 multi-seat constituencies directly elected by simple majority vote to serve 4-year terms); note - legislative power resides in the Nitijela"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 18 November 2019 (next to be held by November 2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - independent 33"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President David KABUA&nbsp;(since&nbsp; 13 January 2020); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government"
@ -534,6 +525,17 @@
"text": "David KABUA&nbsp;elected president; Parliament vote - David KABUA&nbsp;20, Hilda C. HEINE&nbsp;12"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral National Parliament consists of:<br>Council of Iroij, a 12-member group of tribal leaders advises the Presidential Cabinet and reviews legislation affecting customary law or any traditional practice); members appointed to serve 1-year terms<br>Nitijela (33 seats; members in 19 single- and 5 multi-seat constituencies directly elected by simple majority vote to serve 4-year terms); note - legislative power resides in the Nitijela"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 18 November 2019 (next to be held by November 2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - independent 33"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice and 2 associate justices)"

36
australia-oceania/tl.json
View file

@ -281,12 +281,12 @@
"text": "\"tokelau\" is a Polynesian word meaning \"north wind\""
}
},
"Dependency status": {
"text": "self-administering territory of New Zealand; note - Tokelau and New Zealand have agreed to a draft constitution as Tokelau moves toward free association with New Zealand; a UN-sponsored referendum on self governance in October 2007 did not meet the two-thirds majority vote necessary for changing the political status"
},
"Government type": {
"text": "<p>parliamentary democracy under a constitutional monarchy</p>"
},
"Dependency status": {
"text": "self-administering territory of New Zealand; note - Tokelau and New Zealand have agreed to a draft constitution as Tokelau moves toward free association with New Zealand; a UN-sponsored referendum on self governance in October 2007 did not meet the two-thirds majority vote necessary for changing the political status"
},
"Capital": {
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+13 (18 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)"
@ -319,6 +319,21 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "21 years of age; universal"
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor General of New Zealand Governor General Dame Patricia Lee REDDY (since 28 September 2016); New Zealand is represented by Administrator Ross ARDERN (since May 2018)"
},
"head of government": {
"text": "(Ulu o Tokelau) Kelihiano KALOLO (since 8 March 2021); note - position rotates annually among the three Faipule (village leaders) of the atolls"
},
"cabinet": {
"text": "Council for the Ongoing Government of Tokelau (or Tokelau Council) functions as a cabinet; consists of 3 Faipule (village leaders) and 3 Pulenuku (village mayors)"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch; administrator appointed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade in New Zealand; head of government chosen from the Council of Faipule to serve a 1-year term"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the meeting place of the Tokelau Council rotates annually among the three atolls; this tradition has given rise to the somewhat misleading description that the capital rotates yearly between the three atolls; in actuality, it is the seat of the government councilors that rotates since Tokelau has no capital"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral General Fono (20 seats apportioned by island - Atafu 7, Fakaofo 7, Nukunonu 6; members directly elected by simple majority vote to serve 3-year terms); note - the Tokelau Amendment Act of 1996 confers limited legislative power to the General Fono"
@ -330,21 +345,6 @@
"text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - independent 20; composition - men 17, women 3, percent of women 15%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor General of New Zealand Governor General Dame Patricia Lee REDDY (since 28 September 2016); New Zealand is represented by Administrator Ross ARDERN (since May 2018)"
},
"head of government": {
"text": "(Ulu o Tokelau) Fofo Filipo TUISANO (since 9 March 2020); note - position rotates annually among the three Faipule (village leaders) of the atolls"
},
"cabinet": {
"text": "Council for the Ongoing Government of Tokelau (or Tokelau Council) functions as a cabinet; consists of 3 Faipule (village leaders) and 3 Pulenuku (village mayors)"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch; administrator appointed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade in New Zealand; head of government chosen from the Council of Faipule to serve a 1-year term"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the meeting place of the Tokelau Council rotates annually among the three atolls; this tradition has given rise to the somewhat misleading description that the capital rotates yearly between the three atolls; in actuality, it is the seat of the government councilors that rotates since Tokelau has no capital"
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Court of Appeal (in New Zealand) (consists of the court president and 8 judges sitting in 3- or 5-judge panels, depending on the case)"

26
australia-oceania/tn.json
View file

@ -470,7 +470,9 @@
"daylight saving time": {
"text": "+1hr, begins first Sunday in November; ends second Sunday in January"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> composed of the words \"nuku,\" meaning \"residence or abode,\" and \"alofa,\" meaning \"love,\" to signify \"abode of love\""
"etymology": {
"text": "composed of the words \"nuku,\" meaning \"residence or abode,\" and \"alofa,\" meaning \"love,\" to signify \"abode of love\""
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "5 island divisions; 'Eua, Ha'apai, Ongo Niua, Tongatapu, Vava'u"
@ -512,17 +514,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "21 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Legislative Assembly or Fale Alea (up to 30 seats; - 26 for the 2017-19 term); 17 people's representatives directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote, and 9 indirectly elected by hereditary leaders; members serve 3-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 16 November 2017 (next to be held in 2020)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote - NA; seats by party - Democratic Party 14, nobles' representatives 9,&nbsp; independent 3; composition - men 24, women 2, percent of women 7.7%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "King TUPOU VI (since 18 March 2012); Heir Apparent Crown Prince Siaosi Manumataogo 'Alaivahamama'o 'Ahoeitu Konstantin Tuku'aho, son of the king (born 17 September 1985); note - on 18 March 2012, King George TUPOU V died and his brother, Crown Prince TUPOUTO'A Lavaka, assumed the throne as TUPOU VI"
@ -541,6 +532,17 @@
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> a Privy Council advises the monarch"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Legislative Assembly or Fale Alea (up to 30 seats; - 26 for the 2017-19 term); 17 people's representatives directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote, and 9 indirectly elected by hereditary leaders; members serve 3-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 16 November 2017 (next to be held in 2020)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote - NA; seats by party - Democratic Party 14, nobles' representatives 9,&nbsp; independent 3; composition - men 24, women 2, percent of women 7.7%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Court of Appeal (consists of the court president and a number of judges determined by the monarch); note - appeals beyond the Court of Appeal are brought before the King in Privy Council, the monarch's advisory organ that has both judicial and legislative powers"

26
australia-oceania/tv.json
View file

@ -404,7 +404,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC+12 (17 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> the atoll is named after a founding ancestor chief, Funa, from the island of Samoa"
"etymology": {
"text": "the atoll is named after a founding ancestor chief, Funa, from the island of Samoa"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "7 island councils and 1 town council*; Funafuti*, Nanumaga, Nanumea, Niutao, Nui, Nukufetau, Nukulaelae, Vaitupu"
@ -446,17 +448,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral House of Assembly or Fale I Fono (16 seats; members directly elected in single- and multi-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 4-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 9 September 2019 (next to be held on September 2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote - NA; seats - independent 16 (9 members reelected)"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Acting Governor General Teniku TALESI Honolulu<br>(since 19 August 2019)"
@ -474,6 +465,17 @@
"text": "Kausea NATANO elected prime minister by House of Assembly; House of Assembly vote count on 19 September 2019 -&nbsp;10 to 6"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral House of Assembly or Fale I Fono (16 seats; members directly elected in single- and multi-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 4-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 9 September 2019 (next to be held on September 2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote - NA; seats - independent 16 (9 members reelected)"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Court of Appeal (consists of the chief justice and not less than 3 appeals judges); High Court (consists of the chief justice); appeals beyond the Court of Appeal are heard by the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (in London)"

30
australia-oceania/wf.json
View file

@ -333,12 +333,12 @@
"text": "Wallis Island is named after British Captain Samuel WALLIS, who discovered it in 1767; Futuna is derived from the native word \"futu,\" which is the name of the fish-poison tree found on the island"
}
},
"Dependency status": {
"text": "overseas collectivity of France"
},
"Government type": {
"text": "parliamentary democracy (Territorial Assembly); overseas collectivity of France"
},
"Dependency status": {
"text": "overseas collectivity of France"
},
"Capital": {
"name": {
"text": "Mata-Utu (on Ile Uvea)"
@ -376,18 +376,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Territorial Assembly or Assemblee Territoriale (20 seats - Wallis 13, Futuna 7; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by party-list proportional representation vote to serve 5-year terms)<br>Wallis and Futuna indirectly elects 1 senator to the French Senate by an electoral college by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 6-year term, and directly elects 1 deputy to the French National Assembly by absolute majority vote for a 5-year term"
},
"elections": {
"text": "Territorial Assembly - last held on 26 March 2017 (next to be held in March 2022)<br>French Senate - last held on 28 September 2014 (next to be held by September 2020)<br>French National Assembly - last held on 11 June 2017 (next to be held in June 2022)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Territorial Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - 2 members are elected from the list Fia gaue fakatahi kihe kaha'u e lelei and 1 each from 18 other lists; composition - men 14, women 6, percent of women 30%<br> French Senate - LR 1<br>French National Assembly - independent 1"
},
"note": "&nbsp;"
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Emmanuel MACRON (since 14 May 2017); represented by Administrator Superior Herve JONATHAN (since 11 January 2021)"
@ -403,6 +391,18 @@
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> there are 3 traditional kings with limited powers"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Territorial Assembly or Assemblee Territoriale (20 seats - Wallis 13, Futuna 7; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by party-list proportional representation vote to serve 5-year terms)<br>Wallis and Futuna indirectly elects 1 senator to the French Senate by an electoral college by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 6-year term, and directly elects 1 deputy to the French National Assembly by absolute majority vote for a 5-year term"
},
"elections": {
"text": "Territorial Assembly - last held on 26 March 2017 (next to be held in March 2022)<br>French Senate - last held on 28 September 2014 (next to be held by September 2020)<br>French National Assembly - last held on 11 June 2017 (next to be held in June 2022)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Territorial Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - 2 members are elected from the list Fia gaue fakatahi kihe kaha'u e lelei and 1 each from 18 other lists; composition - men 14, women 6, percent of women 30%<br> French Senate - LR 1<br>French National Assembly - independent 1"
},
"note": "&nbsp;"
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Court of Assizes or Cour d'Assizes (consists of 1 judge; court hears primarily serious criminal cases); note - appeals beyond the Court of Assizes are heard before the Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel (in Noumea, New Caledonia)"

2
australia-oceania/wq.json
View file

@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
{
"Introduction": {
"Background": {
"text": "The US annexed Wake Island in 1899 for a cable station. An important air and naval base was constructed in 1940-41. In December 1941, the island was captured by the Japanese and held until the end of World War II. In subsequent years, Wake became a stopover and refueling site for military and commercial aircraft transiting the Pacific. Since 1974, the island's airstrip has been used by the US military, as well as for emergency landings. Operations on the island were temporarily suspended and all personnel evacuated in 2006 with the approach of super typhoon IOKE (category 5), but resultant damage was comparatively minor. A US Air Force repair team restored full capability to the airfield and facilities, and the island remains a vital strategic link in the Pacific region."
"text": "<p>Wake Island was probably visited by Micronesian and Polynesian settlers, and oral legends tell of periodic voyages to the islands by people from the Marshall Islands. Wake Island was uninhabited when Spanish explorer Alvaro de Mendana de NEYRA became the first European to see it in 1568 and still had no humans when English captain Samuel WAKE sailed by it in 1796. The United States Exploring Expedition visited the island in 1841 and the US annexed it in 1899 to use as a cable and refueling station between its newly acquired Pacific territories of Hawaii and the Philippines and Guam. In the 1930s, Pan-American Airways built facilities on Wake Island so that it could be used as a stopover for flights from the US to China. In January 1941, the US began to install military assets on Wake Island and in early December of that year, Japan attacked Wake Island, capturing it by the end of the month after a heroic resistance. Japan held Wake Island until the end of World War II, and in 1946, commercial airlines once again used Wake Island as a refueling stop.<br><br>In 1973, the Marshall Islands claimed Wake Island based on the oral legends, although the US has not recognized these claims. In 1974, the US military took exclusive control of the island’s airstrip and restricted visitors. In 1978, Bikini Islanders from the Marshall Islands, who were evacuated in the 1950s and 1960s because of US nuclear tests, considered rehoming on Wake Island, but the US military rejected that plan. Since the 1970s, the island has been important for missile defense testing. In 2009, Wake Island was included in the Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument.</p>"
}
},
"Geography": {

28
australia-oceania/ws.json
View file

@ -473,7 +473,9 @@
"daylight saving time": {
"text": "+1hr, begins last Sunday in September; ends first Sunday in April"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> name derives from the native village around which the capital was constructed in the 1850s; the village still exists within the larger modern capital"
"etymology": {
"text": "name derives from the native village around which the capital was constructed in the 1850s; the village still exists within the larger modern capital"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "11 districts; A'ana, Aiga-i-le-Tai, Atua, Fa'asaleleaga, Gaga'emauga, Gagaifomauga, Palauli, Satupa'itea, Tuamasaga, Va'a-o-Fonoti, Vaisigano"
@ -515,23 +517,12 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "21 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Legislative Assembly or Fono (51 seats for 2021-2026 term); members from 51 single-seat constituencies directly elected by simple majority vote, with a minimum 10% representation of women in the Assembly required; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "election last held on 9 April 2021 (next election to be held in 2026)<br>note - head of state TUIMALEALI'IFANO Va’aletoa Sualauvi II declared 9 April 2021 election void on 4 May 2021, new elections set for 21 May 2021; on 17 May 2021, the Supreme Court invalidated the head of state's order allowing the 9 April 2021 election results to stand"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - HRPP 55%, FAST 37%, TSP 3%, independents 5%; seats by party – initial election results - FAST 25, HRPP 25, independents 1; composition - men 46, women 5, percent of women 9.8% <br>note - on 2 June 2021, the Court of Appeals declared that a sixth seat for women is required to meet the minimum 10% representation for women, but that the seat would not be filled until after all election petitions and by-elections are settled"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "TUIMALEALI'IFANO Va&rsquo;aletoa Sualauvi II (since 21 July 2017)"
},
"head of government": {
"text": "Prime Minister TUILA'EPA Lupesoliai Sailele Malielegaoi (since 23 November 1998); Deputy Prime Minister FIAME Naomi Mata&rsquo;afa (since 2016)"
"text": "Prime Minister FIAME Naomi Mata&rsquo;afa (since 24 May 2021)"
},
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet appointed by the chief of state on the prime minister's advice"
@ -543,6 +534,17 @@
"text": "TUIMALEALI'IFANO Va&rsquo;aletoa Sualauvi unanimously elected by the Legislative Assembly on 5 July 2017"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Legislative Assembly or Fono (51 seats for 2021-2026 term); members from 51 single-seat constituencies directly elected by simple majority vote, with a minimum 10% representation of women in the Assembly required; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "election last held on 9 April 2021 (next election to be held in 2026)<br>note - head of state TUIMALEALI'IFANO Va’aletoa Sualauvi II declared 9 April 2021 election void on 4 May 2021, new elections set for 21 May 2021; on 17 May 2021, the Supreme Court invalidated the head of state's order allowing the 9 April 2021 election results to stand"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - HRPP 55%, FAST 37%, TSP 3%, independents 5%; seats by party – initial election results - FAST 25, HRPP 25, independents 1; composition - men 46, women 5, percent of women 9.8% <br>note - on 2 June 2021, the Court of Appeals declared that a sixth seat for women is required to meet the minimum 10% representation for women, but that the seat would not be filled until after all election petitions and by-elections are settled"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Court of Appeal (consists of the chief justice and 2 Supreme Court judges and meets once or twice a year); Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice and several judges)"

32
central-america-n-caribbean/aa.json
View file

@ -385,12 +385,12 @@
"text": "the origin of the island's name is unclear; according to tradition, the name comes from the Spanish phrase \"oro huba\" (there was gold), but in fact no gold was ever found on the island; another possibility is the native word \"oruba,\" which means \"well-situated\""
}
},
"Dependency status": {
"text": "constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands; full autonomy in internal affairs obtained in 1986 upon separation from the Netherlands Antilles; Dutch Government responsible for defense and foreign affairs"
},
"Government type": {
"text": "parliamentary democracy; part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands"
},
"Dependency status": {
"text": "constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands; full autonomy in internal affairs obtained in 1986 upon separation from the Netherlands Antilles; Dutch Government responsible for defense and foreign affairs"
},
"Capital": {
"name": {
"text": "Oranjestad"
@ -401,7 +401,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> translates as \"orange town\" in Dutch; the city is named after William I (1533-1584), Prince of Orange, the first ruler of the Netherlands"
"etymology": {
"text": "translates as \"orange town\" in Dutch; the city is named after William I (1533-1584), Prince of Orange, the first ruler of the Netherlands"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "none (part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)",
@ -427,17 +429,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Legislature or Staten (21 seats; members directly elected in a single nationwide constituency by proportional representation vote; members serve 4-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 25 June 2021 (next to be held in June 2025)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party MEP 35.3%, AVP 31.3%, ROOTS 9.4%, MAS 8%, Accion21 5.8%; seats by party - MEP 9, AVP 7, ROOTS 2, MAS 2, Accion21 1"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "King WILLEM-ALEXANDER of the Netherlands (since 30 April 2013); represented by Governor General Alfonso BOEKHOUDT (since 1 January 2017)"
@ -455,6 +446,17 @@
"text": "Evelyn WEVER-CROES (MEP) elected prime minister; percent of legislative vote - NA"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Legislature or Staten (21 seats; members directly elected in a single nationwide constituency by proportional representation vote; members serve 4-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 25 June 2021 (next to be held in June 2025)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party MEP 35.3%, AVP 31.3%, ROOTS 9.4%, MAS 8%, Accion21 5.8%; seats by party - MEP 9, AVP 7, ROOTS 2, MAS 2, Accion21 1"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Joint Court of Justice of Aruba, Curacao, Sint Maarten, and of Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba or \"Joint Court of Justice\" (sits as a 3-judge panel); final appeals heard by the Supreme Court in The Hague, Netherlands"

26
central-america-n-caribbean/ac.json
View file

@ -414,7 +414,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> named after Saint John the Apostle"
"etymology": {
"text": "named after Saint John the Apostle"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "6 parishes and 2 dependencies*; Barbuda*, Redonda*, Saint George, Saint John, Saint Mary, Saint Paul, Saint Peter, Saint Philip"
@ -456,17 +458,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>Senate (17 seats; members appointed by the governor general)<br>House of Representatives (18 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "<br>Senate - last appointed on 26 March 2018 (next NA)<br>House of Representatives - last held on 21 March 2018 (next to be held in March 2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<br>Senate -  composition - men 8, women 9, percent of women 52.9%<br>House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - ABLP 59.4%, UPP 37.2%, BPM 1.4%, other 1.9% ; seats by party - ABLP 15, UPP 1, BPM 1; composition - men 16, women 2, percent of women 11.1%; note - total Parliament percent of women 31.4%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor General Rodney WILLIAMS (since 14 August 2014)"
@ -481,6 +472,17 @@
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch on the advice of the prime minister; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the governor general"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>Senate (17 seats; members appointed by the governor general)<br>House of Representatives (18 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "<br>Senate - last appointed on 26 March 2018 (next NA)<br>House of Representatives - last held on 21 March 2018 (next to be held in March 2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<br>Senate -  composition - men 8, women 9, percent of women 52.9%<br>House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - ABLP 59.4%, UPP 37.2%, BPM 1.4%, other 1.9% ; seats by party - ABLP 15, UPP 1, BPM 1; composition - men 16, women 2, percent of women 11.1%; note - total Parliament percent of women 31.4%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "the Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (ECSC) is the superior court of the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States; the ECSC - headquartered on St. Lucia - consists of the Court of Appeal - headed by the chief justice and 4 judges - and the High Court with 18 judges; the Court of Appeal is itinerant, travelling to member states on a schedule to hear appeals from the High Court and subordinate courts; High Court judges reside in the member states, with 2 assigned to Antigua and Barbuda"

32
central-america-n-caribbean/av.json
View file

@ -310,12 +310,12 @@
"text": "the name Anguilla means \"eel\" in various Romance languages (Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, French) and likely derives from the island's lengthy shape"
}
},
"Dependency status": {
"text": "overseas territory of the UK"
},
"Government type": {
"text": "parliamentary democracy (House of Assembly); self-governing overseas territory of the UK"
},
"Dependency status": {
"text": "overseas territory of the UK"
},
"Capital": {
"name": {
"text": "The Valley"
@ -326,7 +326,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> name derives from the capital's location between several hills"
"etymology": {
"text": "name derives from the capital's location between several hills"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "none (overseas territory of the UK)"
@ -354,17 +356,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral House of Assembly (11 seats; 7 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote, 2 appointed by the governor, and 2 ex officio members - the attorney general and deputy governor; members serve five-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 29 June 2020 (next to be held in 2025)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - APM 7, AUF 4; composition - NA"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor Dileeni DANIEL-SELVARATNAM<br>(since 18 January 2021)"
@ -379,6 +370,17 @@
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed premier by the governor"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral House of Assembly (11 seats; 7 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote, 2 appointed by the governor, and 2 ex officio members - the attorney general and deputy governor; members serve five-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 29 June 2020 (next to be held in 2025)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - APM 7, AUF 4; composition - NA"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "the Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (ECSC) is the superior court of the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States; the ECSC - headquartered on St. Lucia - consists of the Court of Appeal - headed by the chief justice and 4 judges - and the High Court with 18 judges; the Court of Appeal is itinerant, travelling to member states on a schedule to hear appeals from the High Court and subordinate courts; High Court judges reside in the member states, though none on Anguilla"

28
central-america-n-caribbean/bb.json
View file

@ -432,7 +432,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> named after a bridge constructed over the swampy area (known as the Careenage) around the Constitution River that flows through the center of Bridgetown"
"etymology": {
"text": "named after a bridge constructed over the swampy area (known as the Careenage) around the Constitution River that flows through the center of Bridgetown"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "11 parishes and 1 city*; Bridgetown*, Christ Church, Saint Andrew, Saint George, Saint James, Saint John, Saint Joseph, Saint Lucy, Saint Michael, Saint Peter, Saint Philip, Saint Thomas"
@ -474,18 +476,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>Senate (21 seats; members appointed by the governor general - 12 on the advice of the Prime Minister, 2 on the advice of the opposition leader, and 7 at the discretion of the governor general) <br>House of Assembly (30 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "<br>Senate - last appointments on 5 June 2018 (next appointments NA)<br>House of Assembly - last held on 24 May 2018 (next to be held in 2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<br>Senate - appointed; composition - men 16, women 5, percent of women 23.8% <br>House of Assembly - percent of vote by party - BLP 74.6%, DLP 22.6%, other 2.8%; seats by party - BLP 30; composition - men 24, women 6, percent of women 20%; note - total Parliament percent of women 21.6%"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> tradition dictates that the election is held within 5 years of the last election, but constitutionally it is 5 years from the first seating of Parliament plus a 90-day grace period"
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor General Sandra MASON (since 8 January 2018)"
@ -500,6 +490,18 @@
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or leader of the majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the governor general; the prime minister recommends the deputy prime minister"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>Senate (21 seats; members appointed by the governor general - 12 on the advice of the Prime Minister, 2 on the advice of the opposition leader, and 7 at the discretion of the governor general) <br>House of Assembly (30 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "<br>Senate - last appointments on 5 June 2018 (next appointments NA)<br>House of Assembly - last held on 24 May 2018 (next to be held in 2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<br>Senate - appointed; composition - men 16, women 5, percent of women 23.8% <br>House of Assembly - percent of vote by party - BLP 74.6%, DLP 22.6%, other 2.8%; seats by party - BLP 30; composition - men 24, women 6, percent of women 20%; note - total Parliament percent of women 21.6%"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> tradition dictates that the election is held within 5 years of the last election, but constitutionally it is 5 years from the first seating of Parliament plus a 90-day grace period"
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court (consists of the High Court with 8 justices) and the Court of Appeal (consists of the High Court chief justice and president of the court and 4 justices; note - in 2005, Barbados acceded to the Caribbean Court of Justice as the final court of appeal, replacing that of the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (in London)"

31
central-america-n-caribbean/bf.json
View file

@ -394,7 +394,9 @@
"daylight saving time": {
"text": "+1hr, begins second Sunday in March; ends first Sunday in November"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> named after William III (1650-1702), king of England, Scotland, and Ireland, who was a member of the House of Nassau"
"etymology": {
"text": "named after William III (1650-1702), king of England, Scotland, and Ireland, who was a member of the House of Nassau"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "31 districts; Acklins Islands, Berry Islands, Bimini, Black Point, Cat Island, Central Abaco, Central Andros, Central Eleuthera, City of Freeport, Crooked Island and Long Cay, East Grand Bahama, Exuma, Grand Cay, Harbour Island, Hope Town, Inagua, Long Island, Mangrove Cay, Mayaguana, Moore's Island, North Abaco, North Andros, North Eleuthera, Ragged Island, Rum Cay, San Salvador, South Abaco, South Andros, South Eleuthera, Spanish Wells, West Grand Bahama"
@ -436,32 +438,31 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>Senate (16 seats; members appointed by the governor general upon the advice of the prime minister and the opposition leader to serve 5-year terms)<br>House of Assembly (39 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "<br>Senate - last appointments on 24 May 2017 (next appointments in 2022)<br>House of Assembly - last held on 10 May 2017 (next to be held by May 2022)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<br>Senate - appointed; composition - men 9, women 7, percent of women 43.8%<br>House of Assembly - percent of vote by party - FNM 57%, PLP 36.9%, other 6.1%; seats by party - FNM 35, PLP 4; composition - men 34, women 5, percent of women 12.8%; note - total Parliament percent of women 21.8%"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the government may dissolve the parliament and call elections at any time"
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor General Cornelius A. SMITH (since 28 June 2019)"
},
"head of government": {
"text": "Prime Minister Hubert MINNIS (since 11 May 2017)"
"text": "Prime Minister Philip DAVIS (since 17 September 2021)"
},
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet appointed by governor general on recommendation of prime minister"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch on the advice of the prime minister; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the governor general; the prime minister recommends the deputy prime minister"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>Senate (16 seats; members appointed by the governor general upon the advice of the prime minister and the opposition leader to serve 5-year terms)<br>House of Assembly (39 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 5-year terms)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> Prime Minister Hubert MINNIS is only the fourth prime minister in Bahamian history following its independence from the UK; he is also the first prime minister in 25 years besides Perry CHRISTIE and Hubert INGRAHAM, who repeatedly traded the premiership from 1992 to 2017"
"elections": {
"text": "<br>Senate - last appointments on 24 May 2017 (next appointments in 2022)<br>House of Assembly - last held on 16 September 2021 (next to be held by September 2026)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<br>Senate - appointed; composition - men 9, women 7, percent of women 43.8%<br>House of Assembly - percent of vote by party - PLP 52.5%, FNM 36.2%; seats by party - PLP 32, FNM 7; composition "
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the government may dissolve the parliament and call elections at any time"
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {

28
central-america-n-caribbean/bh.json
View file

@ -454,7 +454,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC-6 (1 hour behind Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology: </strong>the decision to move the capital of the country inland to higher and more stable land was made in the 1960s; the name chosen for the new city was formed from the union of two words: \"Belize,\" the name of the longest river in the country, and \"Mopan,\" one of the rivers in the area of the new capital that empties into the Belize River"
"etymology": {
"text": "the decision to move the capital of the country inland to higher and more stable land was made in the 1960s; the name chosen for the new city was formed from the union of two words: \"Belize,\" the name of the longest river in the country, and \"Mopan,\" one of the rivers in the area of the new capital that empties into the Belize River"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "6 districts; Belize, Cayo, Corozal, Orange Walk, Stann Creek, Toledo"
@ -496,18 +498,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral National Assembly consists of:<br>Senate (14 seats, including the president); members appointed by the governor general - 6 on the advice of the prime minister, 3 on the advice of the leader of the opposition, and 1 each on the advice of the Belize Council of Churches and Evangelical Association of Churches, the Belize Chamber of Commerce and Industry and the Belize Better Business Bureau, non-governmental organizations in good standing, and the National Trade Union Congress and the Civil Society Steering Committee; Senate president elected from among the Senate members or from outside the Senate; members serve 5-year terms<br>House of Representatives (31 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "<br>Senate -  last appointed 11 November 2020 (next appointments in November 2025)<br>House of Representatives - last held on 11 November 2020 (next to be held in November 2025)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Senate - all members appointed; composition - men 9, women 5, percent of women 35.7%<br>House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - PUP 59.6%, UDP 38.8%, other 1.6%; seats by party - PUP 26, UDP 5; composition -  men 27, women 4, percent of women 12.9%; note - total percent of women in the National Assembly 20%"
},
"note": "<strong> </strong>"
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor Froyla TZALAM (since 27 May 2021)"
@ -522,6 +512,18 @@
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the governor general; prime minister recommends the deputy prime minister"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral National Assembly consists of:<br>Senate (14 seats, including the president); members appointed by the governor general - 6 on the advice of the prime minister, 3 on the advice of the leader of the opposition, and 1 each on the advice of the Belize Council of Churches and Evangelical Association of Churches, the Belize Chamber of Commerce and Industry and the Belize Better Business Bureau, non-governmental organizations in good standing, and the National Trade Union Congress and the Civil Society Steering Committee; Senate president elected from among the Senate members or from outside the Senate; members serve 5-year terms<br>House of Representatives (31 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "<br>Senate -  last appointed 11 November 2020 (next appointments in November 2025)<br>House of Representatives - last held on 11 November 2020 (next to be held in November 2025)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Senate - all members appointed; composition - men 9, women 5, percent of women 35.7%<br>House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - PUP 59.6%, UDP 38.8%, other 1.6%; seats by party - PUP 26, UDP 5; composition -  men 27, women 4, percent of women 12.9%; note - total percent of women in the National Assembly 20%"
},
"note": "<strong> </strong>"
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court of Judicature (consists of the Court of Appeal with the court president and 3 justices, and the Supreme Court with the chief justice and 10 justices); note - in 2010, Belize acceded to the Caribbean Court of Justice as the final court of appeal, replacing that of the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council in London"

32
central-america-n-caribbean/cj.json
View file

@ -362,12 +362,12 @@
"text": "the islands' name comes from the native Carib word \"caiman,\" describing the marine crocodiles living there"
}
},
"Dependency status": {
"text": "overseas territory of the UK"
},
"Government type": {
"text": "parliamentary democracy; self-governing overseas territory of the UK"
},
"Dependency status": {
"text": "overseas territory of the UK"
},
"Capital": {
"name": {
"text": "George Town (on Grand Cayman)"
@ -378,7 +378,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC-5 (same time as Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> named after English King George III (1738-1820)"
"etymology": {
"text": "named after English King George III (1738-1820)"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "6 districts; Bodden Town, Cayman Brac and Little Cayman, East End, George Town, North Side, West Bay"
@ -406,17 +408,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Parliament (21 seats; 19 members directly elected by majority vote and 2 ex officio members - the deputy governor and attorney general - appointed by the governor; members serve 4-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 14 April 2021 (next to be held on 2025)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - independent 79.1%, PPM 19.6%; seats by party - independent 12, PPM 7"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor Martyn&nbsp;ROPER (since 29 October 2018)"
@ -431,6 +422,17 @@
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition appointed premier by the governor"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Parliament (21 seats; 19 members directly elected by majority vote and 2 ex officio members - the deputy governor and attorney general - appointed by the governor; members serve 4-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 14 April 2021 (next to be held on 2025)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - independent 79.1%, PPM 19.6%; seats by party - independent 12, PPM 7"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Court of Appeal (consists of the court president and at least 2 judges); Grand Court (consists of the court president and at least 2 judges); note - appeals beyond the Court of Appeal are heard by the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (in London)"

26
central-america-n-caribbean/cs.json
View file

@ -502,7 +502,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC-6 (1 hour behind Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> named in honor of Saint Joseph"
"etymology": {
"text": "named in honor of Saint Joseph"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "7 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia); Alajuela, Cartago, Guanacaste, Heredia, Limon, Puntarenas, San Jose"
@ -544,17 +546,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal and compulsory"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Legislative Assembly or Asamblea Legislativa (57 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies - corresponding to the country's 7 provinces - by closed party-list proportional representation vote; members serve 4-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 4 February 2018 (next to be held on 6 February 2022)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - PLN 19.5%, PRN 18.2%, PAC 16.3%, PUSC 14.6%, PIN 7.7%, PRS 4.2%, PFA 4%, ADC 2.5%, ML 2.3%, PASE 2.3%, PNG 2.2%, other 6.2%; seats by party - PLN 17, PRN 14, PAC 10, PUSC 9, PIN 4, PRS 2, PFA 1; composition - men 31, women 26, percent of women 45.6%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Carlos ALVARADO Quesada (since 8 May 2018); First Vice President Epsy CAMPBELL Barr (since 8 May 2018); Second Vice President Marvin RODRIGUEZ Cordero (since 8 May 2018); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government"
@ -572,6 +563,17 @@
"text": "<br><em>2018:</em> Carlos ALVARADO Quesada elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Fabricio ALVARADO Munoz (PRN) 25%; Carlos ALVARADO Quesada (PAC) 21.6%; Antonio ALVAREZ (PLN) 18.6%; Rodolfo PIZA (PUSC) 16%; Juan Diego CASTRO (PIN) 9.5%; Rodolfo HERNANDEZ (PRS) 4.9%, other 4.4%; percent of vote in second round - Carlos ALVARADO Quesada (PAC) 60.7%; Fabricio ALVARADO Munoz (PRN) 39.3%<br><br><em>2014:</em> Luis Guillermo SOLIS Rivera elected president; percent of vote - Luis Guillermo SOLIS Rivera (PAC) 77.8%; Johnny ARAYA (PLN) 22.2%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Legislative Assembly or Asamblea Legislativa (57 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies - corresponding to the country's 7 provinces - by closed party-list proportional representation vote; members serve 4-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 4 February 2018 (next to be held on 6 February 2022)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - PLN 19.5%, PRN 18.2%, PAC 16.3%, PUSC 14.6%, PIN 7.7%, PRS 4.2%, PFA 4%, ADC 2.5%, ML 2.3%, PASE 2.3%, PNG 2.2%, other 6.2%; seats by party - PLN 17, PRN 14, PAC 10, PUSC 9, PIN 4, PRS 2, PFA 1; composition - men 31, women 26, percent of women 45.6%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court of Justice (consists of 22 judges organized into 3 cassation chambers each with 5 judges and the Constitutional Chamber with 7 judges)"

26
central-america-n-caribbean/cu.json
View file

@ -496,7 +496,9 @@
"daylight saving time": {
"text": "+1hr, begins second Sunday in March; ends first Sunday in November; note - Cuba has been known to alter the schedule of DST on short notice in an attempt to conserve electricity for lighting"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> the sites of Spanish colonial cities often retained their original Taino names; Habana, the Spanish name for the city, may be based on the name of a local Taino chief, HABAGUANEX"
"etymology": {
"text": "the sites of Spanish colonial cities often retained their original Taino names; Habana, the Spanish name for the city, may be based on the name of a local Taino chief, HABAGUANEX"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "15 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia) and 1 special municipality* (municipio especial); Artemisa, Camaguey, Ciego de Avila, Cienfuegos, Granma, Guantanamo, Holguin, Isla de la Juventud*, La Habana, Las Tunas, Matanzas, Mayabeque, Pinar del Rio, Sancti Spiritus, Santiago de Cuba, Villa Clara"
@ -538,17 +540,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "16 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National Assembly of People's Power or Asamblea Nacional del Poder Popular (605 seats; (586 seats filled in 2021); members directly elected by absolute majority vote; members serve 5-year terms); note 1 - the National Candidature Commission submits a slate of approved candidates; to be elected, candidates must receive more than 50% of valid votes otherwise the seat remains vacant or the Council of State can declare another election; note 2 - in July 2019, the National Assembly passed a law which reduces the number of members from 605 to 474, effective with the 2023 general election"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 11 March 2018 (next to be held in early 2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Cuba's Communist Party is the only legal party, and officially sanctioned candidates run unopposed; composition (as of June 2021) - men 273, women 313, percent of women 53.4%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Miguel DIAZ-CANEL Bermudez (since 10 October 2019); Vice President Salvador Antonio VALDES Mesa (since 10 October 2019); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government"
@ -567,6 +558,17 @@
},
"note": "<em>note</em> - on 19 April 2018, DIAZ-CANEL succeeded Raul CASTRO as president of the Council of State; on 10 October 2019 he was elected to the newly created position of President of the Republic, which replaced the position of President of the Council of State"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National Assembly of People's Power or Asamblea Nacional del Poder Popular (605 seats; (586 seats filled in 2021); members directly elected by absolute majority vote; members serve 5-year terms); note 1 - the National Candidature Commission submits a slate of approved candidates; to be elected, candidates must receive more than 50% of valid votes otherwise the seat remains vacant or the Council of State can declare another election; note 2 - in July 2019, the National Assembly passed a law which reduces the number of members from 605 to 474, effective with the 2023 general election"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 11 March 2018 (next to be held in early 2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Cuba's Communist Party is the only legal party, and officially sanctioned candidates run unopposed; composition (as of June 2021) - men 273, women 313, percent of women 53.4%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "People's Supreme Court (consists of court president, vice president, 41 professional justices, and NA lay judges); organization includes the State Council, criminal, civil, administrative, labor, crimes against the state, and military courts)"

26
central-america-n-caribbean/do.json
View file

@ -365,7 +365,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> the name is French for \"reed\"; the first settlement was named after the river reeds that grew in the area"
"etymology": {
"text": "the name is French for \"reed\"; the first settlement was named after the river reeds that grew in the area"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "10 parishes; Saint Andrew, Saint David, Saint George, Saint John, Saint Joseph, Saint Luke, Saint Mark, Saint Patrick, Saint Paul, Saint Peter"
@ -407,17 +409,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral House of Assembly (32 seats; 21 representatives directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote, 9 senators appointed by the president - 5 on the advice of the prime minister, and 4 on the advice of the leader of the opposition party, plus 2 ex-officio members - the house speaker and the attorney general; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on&nbsp;6 December 2019 (next to be held in 2024); note - tradition dictates that the election is held within 5 years of the last election, but technically it is 5 years from the first seating of parliament plus a 90-day grace period"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - DLP 59.0%, UWP 41.0%; seats by party - DLP 18, UWP 3"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Charles A. SAVARIN (since 2 October 2013)"
@ -435,6 +426,17 @@
"text": "Charles A. SAVARIN (DLP) reelected president unopposed"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral House of Assembly (32 seats; 21 representatives directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote, 9 senators appointed by the president - 5 on the advice of the prime minister, and 4 on the advice of the leader of the opposition party, plus 2 ex-officio members - the house speaker and the attorney general; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on&nbsp;6 December 2019 (next to be held in 2024); note - tradition dictates that the election is held within 5 years of the last election, but technically it is 5 years from the first seating of parliament plus a 90-day grace period"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - DLP 59.0%, UWP 41.0%; seats by party - DLP 18, UWP 3"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "the Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (ECSC) is the superior court of the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States; the ECSC - headquartered on St. Lucia - consists of the Court of Appeal - headed by the chief justice and 4 judges - and the High Court with 18 judges; the Court of Appeal is itinerant, traveling to member states on a schedule to hear appeals from the High Court and subordinate courts; High Court judges reside in the member states, with 2 in Dominica; note - in 2015, Dominica acceded to the Caribbean Court of Justice as final court of appeal, replacing that of the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council, in London"

26
central-america-n-caribbean/dr.json
View file

@ -507,7 +507,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> named after Saint Dominic de Guzman (1170-1221), founder of the Dominican Order"
"etymology": {
"text": "named after Saint Dominic de Guzman (1170-1221), founder of the Dominican Order"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "10 regions (regiones, singular - region); Cibao Nordeste, Cibao Noroeste, Cibao Norte, Cibao Sur, El Valle, Enriquillo, Higuamo, Ozama, Valdesia, Yuma"
@ -549,17 +551,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal and compulsory; married persons regardless of age can vote; note - members of the armed forces and national police by law cannot vote"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral National Congress or Congreso Nacional consists of:<br>Senate or Senado (32 seats; 26 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote, and 6 members indirectly elected based upon province-wide party plurality votes for its candidates to the Chamber of Deputies; all members serve 4-year terms; note - in 2019, the Central Election Commission changed the electoral system for seats in26 constituencies to direct simple majority but retained indirect election for the remaining 6 constituencies; previously all 32 members were indirectly elected; the change had been challenged by the ruling and opposition parties)<br>House of Representatives or Camara de Diputados (190 seats; 178 members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by closed party-list proportional representation vote using the D'Hondt method, 5 members in a nationwide constituency and 7 diaspora members directly elected by simple majority vote; members serve 4-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "<br>Senate - last held on 5 July 2020 (next to be held 2024)<br>House of Representatives - last held on 5 July 2020 (next to be held in 2024); note - the 2020 election was rescheduled from 17 May to 5 July 2020 due to COVID-19 pandemic"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<br>Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PRM 17, PLD 6, PRSC 6, BIS 1, DXC 1, FP 1<br>House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PRM 86, PLD 75,  PRSC 6, PRD 4, Broad Front 3, FP 3, AP 2, APD 2, BIS 2, DXC 2, other 5"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Luis Rodolfo ABINADER Corona (since 16 August 2020); Vice President Raquel PENA de Antuna (since 16 August 2020); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government"
@ -577,6 +568,17 @@
"text": "<br><em>2020:</em> Luis Rodolfo ABINADER Corona elected president in first round; percent of vote - Luis Rodolfo ABINADER Corona (PRM) 52.5%, Gonzalo CASTILLO Terrero (PLD) 37.5%, Leonel Antonio FERNANDEZ Reyna (FP) 8.9% other 1.1%<br><br><em>2016:</em> Danilo MEDINA Sanchez reelected president; percent of vote - Danilo MEDINA Sanchez (PLD) 61.7%, Luis Rodolfo ABINADER Corona (PRM) 35%, other 3.3%; Margarita CEDENO DE FERNANDEZ (PLD) reelected vice president"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral National Congress or Congreso Nacional consists of:<br>Senate or Senado (32 seats; 26 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote, and 6 members indirectly elected based upon province-wide party plurality votes for its candidates to the Chamber of Deputies; all members serve 4-year terms; note - in 2019, the Central Election Commission changed the electoral system for seats in26 constituencies to direct simple majority but retained indirect election for the remaining 6 constituencies; previously all 32 members were indirectly elected; the change had been challenged by the ruling and opposition parties)<br>House of Representatives or Camara de Diputados (190 seats; 178 members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by closed party-list proportional representation vote using the D'Hondt method, 5 members in a nationwide constituency and 7 diaspora members directly elected by simple majority vote; members serve 4-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "<br>Senate - last held on 5 July 2020 (next to be held 2024)<br>House of Representatives - last held on 5 July 2020 (next to be held in 2024); note - the 2020 election was rescheduled from 17 May to 5 July 2020 due to COVID-19 pandemic"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<br>Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PRM 17, PLD 6, PRSC 6, BIS 1, DXC 1, FP 1<br>House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PRM 86, PLD 75,  PRSC 6, PRD 4, Broad Front 3, FP 3, AP 2, APD 2, BIS 2, DXC 2, other 5"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court of Justice or Suprema Corte de Justicia (consists of a minimum of 16 magistrates); Constitutional Court or Tribunal Constitucional (consists of 13 judges); note - the Constitutional Court was established in 2010 by constitutional amendment"

26
central-america-n-caribbean/es.json
View file

@ -499,7 +499,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC-6 (1 hour behind Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> Spanish for \"Holy Savior\" (referring to Jesus Christ)"
"etymology": {
"text": "Spanish for \"Holy Savior\" (referring to Jesus Christ)"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "14 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento); Ahuachapan, Cabanas, Chalatenango, Cuscatlan, La Libertad, La Paz, La Union, Morazan, San Miguel, San Salvador, San Vicente, Santa Ana, Sonsonate, Usulutan"
@ -541,17 +543,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Legislative Assembly or Asamblea Legislativa (84 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies and a single nationwide constituency by proportional representation vote to serve 3-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 28 February 2021 (next to be held in 2024)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - NI 66.46%, ARENA 12.18%, FMLN 6.91%, GANA 5.29%, PCN 4.08%, NT 1.7%, PDC 1.7%, V 1.01%; seats by party - NI 56, ARENA 14, GANA 5, FMLN 4, PCN 2, PDC 1, NT 1, V 1; composition - men 61, women 23, percent of women 27.4%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Nayib Armando BUKELE Ortez (since 1 June 2019); Vice President Felix Augusto Antonio ULLOA Garay (since 1 June 2019); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government"
@ -569,6 +560,17 @@
"text": "<br><em>2019:</em> Nayib Armando BUKELE Ortez elected president - Nayib Armando BUKELE Ortez (GANA) 53.1%, Carlos CALLEJA Hakker (ARENA) 31.72%, Hugo MARTINEZ (FMLN) 14.41%, other 0.77%<br><br><em>2014:</em> Salvador SANCHEZ CEREN elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Salvador SANCHEZ CEREN (FMLN) 48.9%, Norman QUIJANO (ARENA) 39%, Antonio SACA (CN) 11.4%, other 0.7%; percent of vote in second round - Salvador SANCHEZ CEREN 50.1%, Norman QUIJANO 49.9%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Legislative Assembly or Asamblea Legislativa (84 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies and a single nationwide constituency by proportional representation vote to serve 3-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 28 February 2021 (next to be held in 2024)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - NI 66.46%, ARENA 12.18%, FMLN 6.91%, GANA 5.29%, PCN 4.08%, NT 1.7%, PDC 1.7%, V 1.01%; seats by party - NI 56, ARENA 14, GANA 5, FMLN 4, PCN 2, PDC 1, NT 1, V 1; composition - men 61, women 23, percent of women 27.4%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court or Corte Suprema de Justicia (consists of 16 judges and 16 substitutes judges organized into Constitutional, Civil, Penal, and Administrative Conflict Chambers)"

26
central-america-n-caribbean/gj.json
View file

@ -409,7 +409,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> the 1763 Treaty of Paris transferred possession of Grenada from France to Great Britain; the new administration renamed Ville de Fort Royal (Fort Royal Town) to Saint George's Town, after the patron saint of England; eventually the name became simply Saint George's"
"etymology": {
"text": "the 1763 Treaty of Paris transferred possession of Grenada from France to Great Britain; the new administration renamed Ville de Fort Royal (Fort Royal Town) to Saint George's Town, after the patron saint of England; eventually the name became simply Saint George's"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "6 parishes and 1 dependency*; Carriacou and Petite Martinique*, Saint Andrew, Saint David, Saint George, Saint John, Saint Mark, Saint Patrick"
@ -451,17 +453,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>Senate (13 seats; members appointed by the governor general - 10 on the advice of the prime minister and 3 on the advice of the leader of the opposition party; members serve 5-year terms)<br> House of Representatives (15 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "Senate - last appointments on 27 April 2018 (next no later than2023)<br> House of Representatives - last held on 13 March 2018 (next no later than 2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Senate - percent by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 11, women 2 percent of women 15.4%<br> House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NNP 58.9%, NDC 40.5%; other 0.6% seats by party - NNP 15; composition - men 8, women 7, percent of women 46.7%; note - total Parliament percent of women 32.1%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor General Cecile LA GRENADE (since 7 May 2013)"
@ -476,6 +467,17 @@
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the governor general"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>Senate (13 seats; members appointed by the governor general - 10 on the advice of the prime minister and 3 on the advice of the leader of the opposition party; members serve 5-year terms)<br> House of Representatives (15 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "Senate - last appointments on 27 April 2018 (next no later than2023)<br> House of Representatives - last held on 13 March 2018 (next no later than 2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Senate - percent by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 11, women 2 percent of women 15.4%<br> House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NNP 58.9%, NDC 40.5%; other 0.6% seats by party - NNP 15; composition - men 8, women 7, percent of women 46.7%; note - total Parliament percent of women 32.1%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "regionally, the Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (ECSC) is the superior court of the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States; the ECSC - headquartered on St. Lucia - consists of the Court of Appeal - headed by the chief justice and 4 judges - and the High Court with 18 judges; the Court of Appeal is itinerant, traveling to member states on a schedule to hear appeals from the High Court and subordinate courts; High Court judges reside in the member states, with 2 in Grenada; appeals beyond the ECSC in civil and criminal matters are heard by the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (in London)"

28
central-america-n-caribbean/gt.json
View file

@ -499,7 +499,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC-6 (1 hour behind Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> the Spanish conquistadors used many native Americans as allies in their conquest of Guatemala; the site of their first capital (established in 1524), a former Maya settlement, was called \"Quauhtemallan\" by their Nahuatl-speaking Mexican allies, a name that means \"land of trees\" or \"forested land\", but which the Spanish pronounced \"Guatemala\"; the Spanish applied that name to a re founded capital city three years later and eventually it became the name of the country"
"etymology": {
"text": "the Spanish conquistadors used many native Americans as allies in their conquest of Guatemala; the site of their first capital (established in 1524), a former Maya settlement, was called \"Quauhtemallan\" by their Nahuatl-speaking Mexican allies, a name that means \"land of trees\" or \"forested land\", but which the Spanish pronounced \"Guatemala\"; the Spanish applied that name to a re founded capital city three years later and eventually it became the name of the country"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "22 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento); Alta Verapaz, Baja Verapaz, Chimaltenango, Chiquimula, El Progreso, Escuintla, Guatemala, Huehuetenango, Izabal, Jalapa, Jutiapa, Peten, Quetzaltenango, Quiche, Retalhuleu, Sacatepequez, San Marcos, Santa Rosa, Solola, Suchitepequez, Totonicapan, Zacapa"
@ -541,17 +543,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal; note - active duty members of the armed forces and police by law cannot vote and are restricted to their barracks on election day"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Congress of the Republic or Congreso de la Republica (160 seats; 128 members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies in the country's 22 departments and 32 directly elected in a single nationwide constituency by closed party-list proportional representation vote, using the D'Hondt method; members serve 4-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 16 June 2019 (next to be held on June 2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UNE 53, VAMOS 16, UCN 12, VALOR 9, BIEN 8, FCN-NACION 8, SEMILLA 7, TODOS 7, VIVA 7, CREO 6, PHG 6, VICTORIA 4, Winaq 4, PC 3, PU 3, URNG 3, PAN 2, MLP 1, PODEMOS 1; composition - men 129, women 31, percent of women 19.4%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Alejandro GIAMMATTEI (since 14 January 2020); Vice President&nbsp;Cesar Guillermo CASTILLO Reyes&nbsp;(since 14 January 2020); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government"
@ -566,7 +557,18 @@
"text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 4-year term (not eligible for consecutive terms); election last held on 16 June 2019 with a runoff on 11 August 2019 (next to be held in June 2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<em>2019:</em> Alejandro GIAMMATTEI elected president; percent of vote in first round - Sandra TORRES (UNE) 25.54%, Alejandro GIAMMATTEI (VAMOS) 13.95%, Edmond MULET (PHG) 11.21%, Thelma CABRERA (MLP) 10.37%, Roberto ARZU (PAN-PODEMOS) 6.08%; percent of vote in second round - Alejandro GIAMMATTEI (VAMOS) 58%, Sandra TORRES (UNE) 42%<br><br><em>2015:</em> Jimmy Ernesto MORALES Cabrera elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Jimmy Ernesto MORALES Cabrera (FNC) 23.9%, Sandra TORRES (UNE) 19.8%, Manuel BALDIZON (LIDER) 19.6%, other 36.7%; percent of vote in second round - Jimmy Ernesto MORALES Cabrera 67.4%, Sandra TORRES 32.6%"
"text": "<em><br>2019:</em> Alejandro GIAMMATTEI elected president; percent of vote in first round - Sandra TORRES (UNE) 25.54%, Alejandro GIAMMATTEI (VAMOS) 13.95%, Edmond MULET (PHG) 11.21%, Thelma CABRERA (MLP) 10.37%, Roberto ARZU (PAN-PODEMOS) 6.08%; percent of vote in second round - Alejandro GIAMMATTEI (VAMOS) 58%, Sandra TORRES (UNE) 42%<br><br><em>2015:</em> Jimmy Ernesto MORALES Cabrera elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Jimmy Ernesto MORALES Cabrera (FNC) 23.9%, Sandra TORRES (UNE) 19.8%, Manuel BALDIZON (LIDER) 19.6%, other 36.7%; percent of vote in second round - Jimmy Ernesto MORALES Cabrera 67.4%, Sandra TORRES 32.6%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Congress of the Republic or Congreso de la Republica (160 seats; 128 members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies in the country's 22 departments and 32 directly elected in a single nationwide constituency by closed party-list proportional representation vote, using the D'Hondt method; members serve 4-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 16 June 2019 (next to be held on June 2023)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UNE 53, VAMOS 16, UCN 12, VALOR 9, BIEN 8, FCN-NACION 8, SEMILLA 7, TODOS 7, VIVA 7, CREO 6, PHG 6, VICTORIA 4, Winaq 4, PC 3, PU 3, URNG 3, PAN 2, MLP 1, PODEMOS 1; composition - men 129, women 31, percent of women 19.4%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {

26
central-america-n-caribbean/ha.json
View file

@ -487,7 +487,9 @@
"daylight saving time": {
"text": "+1hr, begins second Sunday in March; ends first Sunday in November"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> according to tradition, in 1706, a Captain de Saint-Andre named the bay and its surrounding area after his ship Le Prince; the name of the town that grew there means, \"the Port of The Prince\""
"etymology": {
"text": "according to tradition, in 1706, a Captain de Saint-Andre named the bay and its surrounding area after his ship Le Prince; the name of the town that grew there means, \"the Port of The Prince\""
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "10 departments (departements, singular - departement); Artibonite, Centre, Grand'Anse, Nippes, Nord, Nord-Est, Nord-Ouest, Ouest, Sud, Sud-Est"
@ -529,17 +531,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral legislature or le Corps l'egislatif ou le Parlement consists of:<br>le S'enat or Senate (30 seats; 10 filled as of July 2021; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed; members serve 6-year terms (2-term limit) with one-third of the membership renewed every 2 years)<br>la Chambre de deput'es or Chamber of Deputies (119 seats; 116 filled as of June 2019; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed; members serve 4-year terms; no term limits); note - when the 2 chambers meet collectively it is known as L'Assembl'ee nationale or the National Assembly and is convened for specific purposes spelled out in the constitution"
},
"elections": {
"text": "<br>Senate - last held on 20 November 2016 with runoff on 29 January 2017 (next originally scheduled for 27 October 2019, but postponed to 26 September 2021) <br>Chamber of Deputies - last held on 9 August 2015 with runoff on 25 October 2015 and 20 November 2016 (next originally scheduled for 27 October 2019, but postponed to 26 September 2021)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<br>Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 27, women 1, percent of women 3.6%<br>Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 115, women 3, percent of women 2.5%; note - total legislature percent of women 2.7%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "Acting President Ariel HENRY (since 20 July 2021); note - Prime Minister Ariel HENRY has assumed the responsibilities of president following the assassination of President Jovenel MOISE on 7 July 2021; an election is expected to be held on 7 November 2021; MOISE had been president since 7 February 2017"
@ -557,6 +548,17 @@
"text": "<br><em>2016:</em> Jovenel MOISE elected president in first round; percent of vote - Jovenel MOISE (PHTK) 55.6%, Jude CELESTIN (LAPEH) 19.6%, Jean-Charles MOISE (PPD) 11%, Maryse NARCISSE (FL) 9%; other 4.8%<br><br><em>2011:</em> Michel MARTELLY elected president in runoff; percent of vote - Michel MARTELLY (Peasant's Response) 68%, Mirlande MANIGAT (RDNP) 32%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral legislature or le Corps l'egislatif ou le Parlement consists of:<br>le S'enat or Senate (30 seats; 10 filled as of July 2021; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed; members serve 6-year terms (2-term limit) with one-third of the membership renewed every 2 years)<br>la Chambre de deput'es or Chamber of Deputies (119 seats; 116 filled as of June 2019; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed; members serve 4-year terms; no term limits); note - when the 2 chambers meet collectively it is known as L'Assembl'ee nationale or the National Assembly and is convened for specific purposes spelled out in the constitution"
},
"elections": {
"text": "<br>Senate - last held on 20 November 2016 with runoff on 29 January 2017 (next originally scheduled for 27 October 2019, but postponed to 26 September 2021) <br>Chamber of Deputies - last held on 9 August 2015 with runoff on 25 October 2015 and 20 November 2016 (next originally scheduled for 27 October 2019, but postponed to 26 September 2021)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<br>Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 27, women 1, percent of women 3.6%<br>Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 115, women 3, percent of women 2.5%; note - total legislature percent of women 2.7%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Supreme Court or Cour de cassation (consists of a chief judge and other judges); note - Haiti is a member of the Caribbean Court of Justice"

30
central-america-n-caribbean/ho.json
View file

@ -503,7 +503,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC-6 (1 hour behind Washington, DC during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology: </strong>while most sources agree that Tegucigalpa is of Nahuatl derivation, there is no consensus on its original meaning"
"etymology": {
"text": "while most sources agree that Tegucigalpa is of Nahuatl derivation, there is no consensus on its original meaning"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "18 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento); Atlantida, Choluteca, Colon, Comayagua, Copan, Cortes, El Paraiso, Francisco Morazan, Gracias a Dios, Intibuca, Islas de la Bahia, La Paz, Lempira, Ocotepeque, Olancho, Santa Barbara, Valle, Yoro"
@ -545,17 +547,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal and compulsory"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National Congress or Congreso Nacional (128 seats; members directly elected in 18 multi-seat constituencies by closed party-list proportional representation vote; members serve 4-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 27 November 2017 (next to be held on 27 November 2021)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - PNH 47.7%, LIBRE 23.4%, PL 20.3%, AP 3.1%, PINU 3.1%, DC 0.8%, PAC 0.8%, UD 0.8%; seats by party - PNH 61, LIBRE 30, PL 26, AP 4, PINU 4, DC 1, PAC 1, UD 1; composition - men 101, women 27, percent of women 21.1%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "President Juan Orlando HERNANDEZ Alvarado (since 27 January 2014); Vice Presidents Ricardo ALVAREZ, Maria RIVERA, and Olga ALVARADO (since 26 January 2018); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government"
@ -570,7 +561,18 @@
"text": "president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 4-year term; election last held on 26 November 2017 (next to be held in November 2021); note - in 2015, the Constitutional Chamber of the Honduran Supreme Court struck down the constitutional provisions on presidential term limits"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<br><em>2017:</em> Juan Orlando HERNANDEZ Alvarado reelected president; percent of vote - Juan Orlando HERNANDEZ Alvarado (PNH) 43%, Salvador NASRALLA (Alianza de Oposicion conta la Dictadura) 41.4%, Luis Orlando ZELAYA Medrano (PL) 14.7%, other .9%<br><br><em>2013:</em> Juan Orlando HERNANDEZ Alvarado elected president; percent of vote - Juan Orlando HERNANDEZ Alvarado (PNH) 36.9%, Xiomara CASTRO (LIBRE) 28.8%, Mauricio VILLEDA (PL) 20.3%, Salvador NASRALLA (PAC) 13.4%, other 0.6%"
"text": "<br><em>2017:</em> Juan Orlando HERNANDEZ Alvarado reelected president; percent of vote - Juan Orlando HERNANDEZ Alvarado (PNH) 43%, Salvador NASRALLA (Alianza de Oposicion contra la Dictadura) 41.4%, Luis Orlando ZELAYA Medrano (PL) 14.7%, other 0.9%<br><br><em>2013:</em> Juan Orlando HERNANDEZ Alvarado elected president; percent of vote - Juan Orlando HERNANDEZ Alvarado (PNH) 36.9%, Xiomara CASTRO (LIBRE) 28.8%, Mauricio VILLEDA (PL) 20.3%, Salvador NASRALLA (PAC) 13.4%, other 0.6%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral National Congress or Congreso Nacional (128 seats; members directly elected in 18 multi-seat constituencies by closed party-list proportional representation vote; members serve 4-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 27 November 2017 (next to be held on 27 November 2021)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - PNH 47.7%, LIBRE 23.4%, PL 20.3%, AP 3.1%, PINU 3.1%, DC 0.8%, PAC 0.8%, UD 0.8%; seats by party - PNH 61, LIBRE 30, PL 26, AP 4, PINU 4, DC 1, PAC 1, UD 1; composition - men 101, women 27, percent of women 21.1%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
@ -585,7 +587,7 @@
}
},
"Political parties and leaders": {
"text": "Alliance against the Dictatorship or Alianza de Oposicion conta la Dictadura [Salvador NASRALLA] (electoral coalition) <br>Anti-Corruption Party or PAC [Marlene ALVARENGA] <br>Christian Democratic Party or DC [Lucas AGUILERA] <br>Democratic Unification Party or UD [Alfonso DIAZ] <br>Freedom and Refoundation Party or LIBRE [Jose Manuel ZELAYA Rosales] <br>Honduran Patriotic Alliance or AP [Romeo VASQUEZ Velasquez] <br>Liberal Party or PL [Luis Orlando ZELAYA Medrano] <br>National Party of Honduras or PNH [Reinaldo SANCHEZ Rivera] <br>Innovation and Unity Party or PINU [Guillermo VALLE]"
"text": "Anti-Corruption Party or PAC [Marlene ALVARENGA] <br>Christian Democratic Party or DC [Lucas AGUILERA] <br>Democratic Unification Party or UD [Alfonso DIAZ] <br>Freedom and Refoundation Party or LIBRE [Jose Manuel ZELAYA Rosales] <br>Honduran Patriotic Alliance or AP [Romeo VASQUEZ Velasquez] <br>Innovation and Unity Party or PINU [Guillermo VALLE]<br>Liberal Party or PL [Luis Orlando ZELAYA Medrano] <br>National Party of Honduras or PNH [Reinaldo SANCHEZ Rivera] <br>Opposition Alliance against the Dictatorship or Alianza de Oposicion contra la Dictadura [Salvador NASRALLA] (electoral coalition)"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "BCIE, CACM, CD, CELAC, EITI (candidate country), FAO, G-11, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC (suspended), IOM, IPU, ISO (subscriber), ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAES, LAIA (observer), MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSTAH, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, Pacific Alliance (observer), PCA, Petrocaribe, SICA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WCO (suspended), WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"

26
central-america-n-caribbean/jm.json
View file

@ -461,7 +461,9 @@
"time difference": {
"text": "UTC-5 (same time as Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
},
"note": "<strong>etymology:</strong> the name is a blending of the words \"king's\" and \"town\"; the English king at the time of the city's founding in 1692 was William III (r. 1689-1702)"
"etymology": {
"text": "the name is a blending of the words \"king's\" and \"town\"; the English king at the time of the city's founding in 1692 was William III (r. 1689-1702)"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "14 parishes; Clarendon, Hanover, Kingston, Manchester, Portland, Saint Andrew, Saint Ann, Saint Catherine, Saint Elizabeth, Saint James, Saint Mary, Saint Thomas, Trelawny, Westmoreland",
@ -504,17 +506,6 @@
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age; universal"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>Senate (21 seats; 13 members appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister and 8 members appointed by the governor general on the advice of the opposition party leader; members serve 5-year terms (no term limits) or until Parliament is dissolved)<br>House of Representatives (63 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 5-year terms (no term limits) or until Parliament is dissolved)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "Senate - last full slate of appointments on 10 March 2016 (next full slate early on 3 September 2020, following dissolution in mid-August)<br>House of Representatives - last held on 3 September 2020 (next to be held in 2025)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Senate - percent by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition (as of June 2021) - men 13, women 8, percent of women 38.1%<br>House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - JLP 57%, PNP 42.8%, independent 0.2%; seats by party - JLP 48, PNP 15; composition (as of June 2021) - men 45, women 18; percent of women 28.6%; note - total Parliament percent of women 31%"
}
},
"Executive branch": {
"chief of state": {
"text": "Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor General Sir Patrick L. ALLEN (since 26 February 2009)"
@ -529,6 +520,17 @@
"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch on the recommendation of the prime minister; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition in the House of Representatives is appointed prime minister by the governor general"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>Senate (21 seats; 13 members appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister and 8 members appointed by the governor general on the advice of the opposition party leader; members serve 5-year terms (no term limits) or until Parliament is dissolved)<br>House of Representatives (63 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 5-year terms (no term limits) or until Parliament is dissolved)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "Senate - last full slate of appointments on 10 March 2016 (next full slate early on 3 September 2020, following dissolution in mid-August)<br>House of Representatives - last held on 3 September 2020 (next to be held in 2025)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Senate - percent by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition (as of June 2021) - men 13, women 8, percent of women 38.1%<br>House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - JLP 57%, PNP 42.8%, independent 0.2%; seats by party - JLP 48, PNP 15; composition (as of June 2021) - men 45, women 18; percent of women 28.6%; note - total Parliament percent of women 31%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest courts": {
"text": "Court of Appeal (consists of president of the court and a minimum of 4 judges); Supreme Court (40 judges organized in specialized divisions); note - appeals beyond Jamaica's highest courts are referred to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (in London) rather than to the Caribbean Court of Justice (the appellate court for member states of the Caribbean Community)"

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