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auto-update week 38
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"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> in May 2022, Russia's parliament approved a law removing the upper age limit for contractual service in the military<br><br><strong>note 2: </strong>in the spring of 2022, Russia drafted 134,500 conscripts into the military; as of 2021, conscripts reportedly comprised about 30% of the Russian military's active duty personnel; in April of 2019, the Russian Government pledged its intent to end conscription as part of a decade-long effort to shift from a large, conscript-based military to a smaller, more professional force; an existing law allows for a 21-month alternative civil service for conscripts in hospitals, nursing homes and other facilities for those who view military duty as incompatible with their beliefs, but military conscription offices reportedly often broadly ignore requests for such service<br><br><strong>note 3:</strong> as of 2020, women made up about 5% of the active duty military"
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},
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"Military deployments": {
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"text": "information varies; approximately 3,000-4,000 Armenia; approximately 2,000 Azerbaijan (peacekeepers for Nagorno-Karabakh); estimated 3,000-5,000 Belarus; approximately 7,000-10,000 Georgia; approximately 500 Kyrgyzstan; approximately 1,500 Moldova (Transnistria); estimated 3,000-5,000 Syria; approximately 5,000-7,000 Tajikistan (February 2022)",
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"text": "information varies; approximately 3,000 Armenia; approximately 2,000 Armenia/Azerbaijan (peacekeepers for Nagorno-Karabakh); estimated 3,000-5,000 Belarus; approximately 7,000-10,000 Georgia; approximately 500 Kyrgyzstan; approximately 1,500 Moldova (Transnistria); estimated 3,000-5,000 Syria; approximately 5,000 Tajikistan (February 2022)",
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"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> in February 2022, Russia invaded Ukraine with an estimated 150,000 troops; prior to the invasion, it maintained an estimated 30,000 troops in areas of Ukraine occupied since 2014<br><br><strong>note 2: </strong>prior to the invasion of Ukraine, Russia was assessed to have about 3,000-5,000 private military contractors conducting military and security operations in Africa, including in the Central African Republic, Libya, Mali, and Sudan"
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},
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"Military - note": {
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},
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"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
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"refugees (country of origin)": {
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"text": "2,490,480 (Ukraine) (as of 5 September 2022)"
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"text": "2,593,209 (Ukraine) (as of 12 September 2022)"
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},
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"stateless persons": {
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"text": "56,960 (mid-year 2021); note - Russia's stateless population consists of Roma, Meskhetian Turks, and ex-Soviet citizens from the former republics; between 2003 and 2010 more than 600,000 stateless people were naturalized; most Meskhetian Turks, followers of Islam with origins in Georgia, fled or were evacuated from Uzbekistan after a 1989 pogrom and have lived in Russia for more than the required five-year residency period; they continue to be denied registration for citizenship and basic rights by local Krasnodar Krai authorities on the grounds that they are temporary illegal migrants"
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"text": "approximately 9,500 active duty troops (8,000 Land and Mobile Forces; 1,500 Air and Air Defense Forces) (2022)"
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},
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"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
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"text": "the Tajikistan Armed Forces' inventory is comprised of older Russian and Soviet-era equipment; it has received limited quantities of weapons systems since 2010, most of which was second-hand material from Russia (2021)"
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"text": "the military's inventory is comprised of older Russian and Soviet-era equipment; it has received limited quantities of weapons systems since 2010, most of which was second-hand material from Russia (2021)"
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},
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"Military service age and obligation": {
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"text": "18-27 years of age for compulsory or voluntary military service for men; 24-month conscript service obligation; in August 2021, the Tajik Government began allowing men to pay a fee in order to avoid conscription (2022)"
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"text": "Turkmen (official) 72%, Russian 12%, Uzbek 9%, other 7%"
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},
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"major-language sample(s)": {
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"text": "<br>Dünýä Facebooky, esasy maglumat üçin aýrylmaz bir çeşme dir. (Turkmen)<br><br>The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information."
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"text": "<br>Dünýä Faktlar Kitaby – esasy maglumatlaryň wajyp çeşmesidir (Turkmen)<br><br>The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information."
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}
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},
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"Religions": {
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},
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"Military and Security": {
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"Military and security forces": {
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"text": "Armed Forces of Turkmenistan: Land Forces, Navy, Air and Air Defense Forces; Federal Border Guard Service; Ministry of Internal Affairs: Internal Troops (2022)"
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"text": "Armed Forces of Turkmenistan: Land Forces, Navy, Air and Air Defense Forces; Federal Border Guard Service; Ministry of Internal Affairs: Internal Troops, national police (2022)"
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},
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"Military expenditures": {
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"Military Expenditures 2019": {
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},
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"Military and Security": {
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"Military and security forces": {
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"text": "Armed Forces of Uzbekistan: Army, Air and Air Defense Forces; National Guard; Ministry of Interior: Internal Security Troops, Border Guards (2022)",
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"text": "Armed Forces of Uzbekistan: Army, Air and Air Defense Forces; National Guard; Ministry of Internal Affairs: Internal Security Troops, Border Guards, police (2022)",
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"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the National Guard, also under the Ministry of Defense, ensures public order and security of diplomatic missions, radio and television broadcasting, and other state entities"
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},
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"Military expenditures": {
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"text": "the Uzbek Armed Forces use mainly Soviet-era equipment; since 2010, Russia has been the leading supplier of arms, followed by China (2022)"
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},
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"Military service age and obligation": {
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"text": "18-27 years of age for compulsory military service; 1-year conscript service obligation for males (conscripts have the option of paying for a shorter service of one month while remaining in the reserves until the age of 27); Uzbek citizens who have completed their service terms in the armed forces have privileges in employment and admission to higher educational institutions (2022)"
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"text": "18-27 years of age for compulsory military service; 12 month conscript service obligation for men (conscripts have the option of paying for a shorter service of 1 month while remaining in the reserves until the age of 27); Uzbek citizens who have completed their service terms in the armed forces have privileges in employment and admission to higher educational institutions (2022)"
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},
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"Military - note": {
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"text": "<p>the Uzbek armed forces were established in January 1992, following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, when the newly-established Ministry for Defense Affairs assumed jurisdiction over all former Soviet ground, air, and air defense units, formations, and installations then deployed on its soil; the building hosting the headquarters for the ex-Soviet Turkestan Military District became the headquarters for the Uzbek armed forces; all former Soviet troops departed Uzbekistan by 1995; as of 2022, Uzbekistan continued to maintain bilateral defense ties with Russia based on a 2005 mutual security agreement</p> <p>as of 2022, Uzbekistan was not part of the Russian-sponsored Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) that is comprised of former Soviet Republics; Uzbekistan joined in the 1990s but withdrew in 1999; it returned in 2006 but left again in 2012</p>"
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