apunkt/factbook.json
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africa/ag.json
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@ -205,7 +205,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "2.854 million ALGIERS (capital), 922,000 Oran (2022)"
"text": "2.902 million ALGIERS (capital), 936,000 Oran (2022)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {
@ -1253,11 +1253,11 @@
}
},
"Trafficking in persons": {
"current situation": {
"text": "<p>human traffickers exploit domestic and foreign victims; Algerian women and girls are vulnerable to sex trafficking due to financial problems or after running away from home; undocumented sub-Saharan migrants are vulnerable to labor and sex trafficking and are exploited in restaurants, houses, and informal worksites; sub-Saharan men and women needing more funds for their onward journey to Europe work illegally in construction and commercial sex and are vulnerable to sex trafficking and debt bondage; foreign women and girls, mainly from sub-Saharan Africa, are subject to sex trafficking in bars and informal brothels; criminal begging rings that exploit sub-Saharan African migrant children are common</p>"
},
"tier rating": {
"text": "Tier 3 &mdash; Algeria does not fully comply with the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking and is not making significant efforts to do so; authorities prosecuted fewer traffickers and identified fewer victims compared to last year and convicted no traffickers; the government continued to lack effective procedures and mechanisms to screen for, identify, and refer potential victims to protective services and punished some potential victims for unlawful acts traffickers forced them to commit; the government took some steps to combat trafficking, including prosecuting some traffickers, identifying some victims, and continuing to implement its 2019-2021 national anti-trafficking action plan (2020)"
"text": "Tier 2 Watch List &mdash; Algeria does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking but is making significant efforts to do so; the government made key achievements during the reporting period, therefore Algeria was upgraded to Tier 2 Watch List; authorities identified more trafficking victims, increased investigations and prosecutions, while continuing to convict traffickers; Algeria partnered with international organizations to train officials and conduct public awareness campaigns; however, government identification of and services for victims remained insufficient; authorities continued to punish some potential victims for unlawful acts traffickers compelled them to commit (2022)"
},
"trafficking profile": {
"text": "<p>human traffickers exploit domestic and foreign victims; Algerian women and girls are vulnerable to sex trafficking due to financial problems or after running away from home; undocumented sub-Saharan migrants are vulnerable to labor and sex trafficking and are exploited in restaurants, houses, and informal worksites; sub-Saharan men and women needing more funds for their onward journey to Europe work illegally in construction and commercial sex and are vulnerable to sex trafficking and debt bondage; foreign women and girls, mainly from sub-Saharan Africa, are subject to sex trafficking in bars and informal brothels; criminal begging rings that exploit sub-Saharan African migrant children are common and reportedly increasing (2022)</p>"
}
},
"Illicit drugs": {

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africa/ao.json
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@ -199,7 +199,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "8.952 million LUANDA (capital), 914,000 Lubango, 862,000 Cabinda, Benguela 777,000 (2022)"
"text": "9.292 million LUANDA (capital), 959,000 Lubango, 905,000 Cabinda, 809,000 Benguela, 783,000 Malanje&nbsp; (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {

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africa/bn.json
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}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "285,000 PORTO-NOVO (capital) (2018); 1.189 million Abomey-Calavi, 709,000 COTONOU (seat of government) (2022)"
"text": "285,000 PORTO-NOVO (capital) (2018); 1.253 million Abomey-Calavi, 722,000 COTONOU (seat of government) (2022)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {

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africa/by.json
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}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "1.139 million BUJUMBURA (capital) (2022)"
"text": "1.207 million BUJUMBURA (capital) (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {

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africa/cd.json
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}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "1.533 million N'DJAMENA (capital) (2022)"
"text": "1.592 million N'DJAMENA (capital) (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {
@ -1259,11 +1259,11 @@
}
},
"Trafficking in persons": {
"current situation": {
"text": "human traffickers exploit domestic and foreign victims in Chad and Chadians abroad; most trafficking is internal; some children are sent by their parents to relatives or intermediaries to receive education, an apprenticeship, goods, or money and are then forced to work in domestic service or cattle herding; children are also forced to work in agriculture, gold mines, charcoal vending, and fishing, and those attending Koranic schools are forced into begging and street vending; girls from rural areas who search for work in larger towns are exploited in sex trafficking and domestic servitude; terrorist groups abduct children to serve as soldiers, suicide bombers, brides, and forced laborers"
},
"tier rating": {
"text": "Tier 2 Watch List &mdash; Chad does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking but is making significant efforts to do so; one trafficker was convicted, the first under a 2018 law, but the government did not report investigating or prosecuting alleged traffickers, including complicit government officials; the government adopted a formal Road Map to implement its 2108 National Action Plan but did not report executing it; authorities did not identify any victims and have not drafted victim identification and referral procedures; the government continued to make no effort to raise awareness on trafficking (2020)"
},
"trafficking profile": {
"text": "human traffickers exploit domestic and foreign victims in Chad and Chadians abroad; most trafficking is internal; some children are sent by their parents to relatives or intermediaries to receive education, an apprenticeship, goods, or money and are then forced to work in domestic service or cattle herding; children are also forced to work in agriculture, gold mines, charcoal vending, and fishing, and those attending Koranic schools are forced into begging and street vending; girls from rural areas who search for work in larger towns are exploited in sex trafficking and domestic servitude; terrorist groups abduct children to serve as soldiers, suicide bombers, brides, and forced laborers"
}
},
"Illicit drugs": {

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africa/cf.json
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@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
{
"Introduction": {
"Background": {
"text": "Upon independence in 1960, the former French region of Middle Congo became the Republic of the Congo. A quarter century of experimentation with Marxism was abandoned in 1990 and a democratically elected government took office in 1992. A two-year civil war that ended in 1999 restored former Marxist President Denis SASSOU-Nguesso, who had ruled from 1979 to 1992, and sparked a short period of ethnic and political unrest that was resolved by a peace agreement in late 1999. A new constitution adopted three years later provided for a multi-party system and a seven-year presidential term, and elections arranged shortly thereafter installed SASSOU-Nguesso. Following a year of renewed fighting, President SASSOU-Nguesso and southern-based rebel groups agreed to a final peace accord in March 2003. SASSOU-Nguesso was reeelected in 2009 and, after passing a referendum allowing him to run for a third term, was reelected again in 2016. The Republic of Congo is one of Africa's largest petroleum producers, but with declining production it will need new offshore oil finds to sustain its oil earnings over the long term."
"text": "Upon independence in 1960, the former French region of Middle Congo became the Republic of the Congo. A quarter century of experimentation with Marxism was abandoned in 1990 and a democratically elected government took office in 1992. A two-year civil war that ended in 1999 restored former Marxist President Denis SASSOU-Nguesso, who had ruled from 1979 to 1992, and sparked a short period of ethnic and political unrest that was resolved by a peace agreement in late 1999. A new constitution adopted three years later provided for a multi-party system and a seven-year presidential term, and elections arranged shortly thereafter retained SASSOU-Nguesso. Following a year of renewed fighting, President SASSOU-Nguesso and southern-based rebel groups agreed to a final peace accord in March 2003. SASSOU-Nguesso was reeelected in 2009 and, after passing a referendum allowing him to run for a third term, was reelected again in 2016. The Republic of Congo is one of Africa's largest petroleum producers, but with declining production it will need new offshore oil finds to sustain its oil earnings over the long term."
}
},
"Geography": {
@ -207,7 +207,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "2.553 million BRAZZAVILLE (capital), 1.295 million Pointe-Noire (2022)"
"text": "2.638 million BRAZZAVILLE (capital), 1.336 million Pointe-Noire (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {

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africa/cg.json
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@ -209,7 +209,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "15.628 million KINSHASA (capital), 2.765 million Mbuji-Mayi, 2.695 million Lubumbashi, 1.593 million Kananga, 1.366 million Kisangani, 1.190 million Bukavu (2022)"
"text": "16.316 million KINSHASA (capital), 2.892 million Mbuji-Mayi, 2.812 million Lubumbashi, 1.664 million Kananga, 1.423 million Kisangani, 1.249 million Bukavu (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {
@ -1332,11 +1332,11 @@
}
},
"Trafficking in persons": {
"current situation": {
"text": "human traffickers exploit domestic and foreign victims in Democratic Republic of the Congo and Congolese abroad; most trafficking is internal and involves the forced labor of men, women, and children in artisanal mining, agriculture, domestic servitude, sex trafficking, or child recruitment by armed groups; some traffickers are family members or others who promise victims or victims&rsquo; families educational or job opportunities and instead force victims to work as domestic servants, street vendors, gang members, or in commercial sex; some Congolese women and girls who migrate to other countries in Africa or the Middle East are exploited in sex trafficking or forced labor in agriculture, diamond mines, or domestic service; they may be fraudulently recruited by traffickers with false promises of jobs or education"
},
"tier rating": {
"text": "<p>Tier 2 Watch List — The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking but is making significant efforts to do so; the DRC was upgraded to Tier 2 Watch List because of several accomplishments; the government drafted and launched its first national anti-trafficking action plan; authorities increased law enforcement efforts, including investigating and prosecuting more trafficking crimes; a number of traffickers were convicted, including a high-ranking army officer and the leader of an armed group; however, authorities continued to lack standard operating procedures for identifying victims and referring them to care; there were credible allegations that the army abducted women and girls for sexual slavery and recruited and used child soldiers (2020)</p>"
},
"trafficking profile": {
"text": "human traffickers exploit domestic and foreign victims in Democratic Republic of the Congo and Congolese abroad; most trafficking is internal and involves the forced labor of men, women, and children in artisanal mining, agriculture, domestic servitude, sex trafficking, or child recruitment by armed groups; some traffickers are family members or others who promise victims or victims&rsquo; families educational or job opportunities and instead force victims to work as domestic servants, street vendors, gang members, or in commercial sex; some Congolese women and girls who migrate to other countries in Africa or the Middle East are exploited in sex trafficking or forced labor in agriculture, diamond mines, or domestic service; they may be fraudulently recruited by traffickers with false promises of jobs or education"
}
},
"Illicit drugs": {

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africa/cm.json
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@ -206,7 +206,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "4.164 million YAOUNDE (capital), 3.927 million Douala (2022)"
"text": "4.509 million YAOUNDE (capital), 4.063 million Douala (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {
@ -1332,18 +1332,18 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "353,362 (Central African Republic), 138,107 (Nigeria) (2022)"
"text": "355,667 (Central African Republic), 132,151 (Nigeria) (2022)"
},
"IDPs": {
"text": "975,786 (2022) (includes far north, northwest, and southwest)"
}
},
"Trafficking in persons": {
"current situation": {
"text": "human traffickers exploit domestic and foreign victims in Cameroon and Cameroonians abroad; deteriorating economic and education conditions and diminished police and judicial presence caused by conflict in the Northwest and Southwest has left displaced persons vulnerable to trafficking; parents may be lured by promises of education or a better life for their children in urban areas, and then the children are subject to forced labor and sex trafficking; teenagers and adolescents may be lured to cities with promises of employment and then become victims of forced labor and sex trafficking; children from neighboring countries are forced to work in spare parts shops or cattle grazing by business owners and herders; Cameroonians, often from rural areas, are exploited in forced labor and sex trafficking in the Middle East, Europe, the United States, and African countries"
},
"tier rating": {
"text": "Tier 2 Watch List —<strong> </strong>Cameroon does not meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking, but is making significant efforts to do so; authorities investigated at least nine suspected trafficking cases, identified 77 victims, and provided some training on trafficking indicators to officials and teachers; however, officials prosecuted and convicted fewer traffickers; standard operating procedures for the identification and referral of trafficking victims were not implemented, and officials were not trained on the measures; the government did not report referring trafficking victims to government institutions for vulnerable children, but NGO-funded centers provided care for an unknown number of child victims; 2012 anti-trafficking legislation addressing victim and witness protection in conformity with international law was not passed for the eighth consecutive year (2020)"
},
"trafficking profile": {
"text": "human traffickers exploit domestic and foreign victims in Cameroon and Cameroonians abroad; deteriorating economic and education conditions and diminished police and judicial presence caused by conflict in the Northwest and Southwest has left displaced persons vulnerable to trafficking; parents may be lured by promises of education or a better life for their children in urban areas, and then the children are subject to forced labor and sex trafficking; teenagers and adolescents may be lured to cities with promises of employment and then become victims of forced labor and sex trafficking; children from neighboring countries are forced to work in spare parts shops or cattle grazing by business owners and herders; Cameroonians, often from rural areas, are exploited in forced labor and sex trafficking in the Middle East, Europe, the United States, and African countries"
}
}
}

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africa/cn.json
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{
"Introduction": {
"Background": {
"text": "The archipelago of the Comoros in the Indian Ocean, composed of the islands of Mayotte, Anjouan, Moheli, and Grande Comore declared independence from France on 6 July 1975. Residents of Mayotte voted to remain in France, and France now has classified it as a department of France. Since independence, Comoros has endured political instability through realized and attempted coups. In 1997, the islands of Anjouan and Moheli declared independence from Comoros. In 1999, military chief Col. AZALI Assoumani seized power of the entire government in a bloodless coup; he initiated the 2000 Fomboni Accords, a power-sharing agreement in which the federal presidency rotates among the three islands, and each island maintains its local government. AZALI won the 2002 federal presidential election as president of the Union of the Comoros from Grande Comore Island, which held the first four-year term. AZALI stepped down in 2006 and President Ahmed Abdallah Mohamed SAMBI was elected as president from Anjouan. In 2007, Mohamed BACAR effected Anjouan's de-facto secession from the Union of the Comoros, refusing to step down when Comoros' other islands held legitimate elections in July. The African Union (AU) initially attempted to resolve the political crisis by applying sanctions and a naval blockade to Anjouan, but in March 2008 the AU and Comoran soldiers seized the island. The island's inhabitants generally welcomed the move. In 2009, the Comorian population approved a constitutional referendum extending the term of the president from four years to five years. In May 2011, Ikililou DHOININE won the presidency in peaceful elections widely deemed to be free and fair. In closely contested elections in 2016, former President AZALI Assoumani won a second term, when the rotating presidency returned to Grande Comore. A new July 2018 constitution removed the presidential term limits and the requirement for the presidency to rotate between the three main islands. In August 2018, President AZALI formed a new government and subsequently ran and was elected president in March 2019."
"text": "The archipelago of the Comoros in the Indian Ocean, composed of the islands of Anjouan, Mayotte, Moheli, and Grande Comore, declared independence from France on 6 July 1975. Residents of Mayotte, however, voted to remain in France, and the French Government now has classified it as a department of France. Since independence, Comoros has endured political instability through realized and attempted coups. In 1997, the islands of Anjouan and Moheli declared independence from Comoros. In 1999, military chief Col. AZALI Assoumani seized power of the entire government in a bloodless coup; he initiated the 2000 Fomboni Accords, a power-sharing agreement in which the federal presidency rotates among the three islands, and each island maintains its local government. AZALI won the 2002 federal presidential election as president of the Union of the Comoros from Grande Comore Island, which held the first four-year term. AZALI stepped down in 2006 and President Ahmed Abdallah Mohamed SAMBI was elected as president from Anjouan. In 2007, Mohamed BACAR effected Anjouan's de-facto secession from the Union of the Comoros, refusing to step down when Comoros' other islands held legitimate elections in July. The African Union (AU) initially attempted to resolve the political crisis by applying sanctions and a naval blockade to Anjouan, but in March 2008 the AU and Comoran soldiers seized the island. The island's inhabitants generally welcomed the move. In 2009, the Comorian population approved a constitutional referendum extending the term of the president from four years to five years. In May 2011, Ikililou DHOININE won the presidency in peaceful elections widely deemed to be free and fair. In closely contested elections in 2016, former President AZALI Assoumani won a second term, when the rotating presidency returned to Grande Comore. A referendum held in July 2018 - boycotted by the opposition parties - overwhelmingly approved a new constitution removing presidential term limits and the requirement for the presidency to rotate between the three main islands. In August 2018, President AZALI formed a new government and subsequently ran and was elected president in March 2019."
}
},
"Geography": {
@ -461,10 +461,10 @@
"text": "Comoros"
},
"local long form": {
"text": "Udzima wa Komori (Comorian)/ Union des Comores (French)/ Al Ittihad al Qumuri (Arabic)"
"text": "Udzima wa Komori (Comorian)/Union des Comores (French)/Al Ittihad al Qumuri (Arabic)"
},
"local short form": {
"text": "Komori (Comorian)/ Les Comores (French)/ Juzur al Qamar (Arabic)"
"text": "Komori (Comorian)/Les Comores (French)/Juzur al Qamar (Arabic)"
},
"former": {
"text": "Comorian State, Federal Islamic Republic of the Comoros"
@ -556,7 +556,7 @@
"text": "last held on&nbsp;19 January 2020 with a runoff on 23&nbsp;February 2020 (next to be held in 2025) (2020)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "seats by party -1st round - Boycotting parties 16, Independent 3, CRC 2, RDC 2, RADHI 1, Orange party 0; note - 9 additional seats filled by the 3 island assemblies; 2nd round - CRC 20, Orange Party 2, Independents 2; composition for elected members as of 2022 - men 20, women 4, percent of women 16.7%<br> <h3> </h3> (2019)"
"text": "percent of vote by party - 1st round - CRC 60.9%, Orange Party 4.3%, Independents 30.8%, other 4%; 2nd round - CRC 54.1%, Orange Party 18.9%, Independents 26.1%, other 1%; seats by party - 1st round -  CRC 16, Orange Party 1, Independents 2; 2nd round - CRC 4, Orange Party 1; note - 9 additional seats filled by the 3 island assemblies; composition for elected members as of 2022 - men 20, women 4, percent of women 16.7%<br> <h3> </h3> (2022)"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
@ -572,7 +572,7 @@
"note": "<br>   <br><br> "
},
"Political parties and leaders": {
"text": "<strong>only parties with seats in the Assembly of the Union listed:</strong><br>Convention for the Renewal of the Comoros or CRC [AZALI Assoumani]<br>Orange Party [Mohamed DAOUDOU]<br>Independents (2018)"
"text": "Convention for the Renewal of the Comoros or CRC [AZALI Assoumani]<br>Orange Party [Mohamed DAOUDOU]<br>Independents<br><br><strong>Note</strong>: only parties with seats in the Assembly of the Union included (2020)"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ACP, AfDB, AMF, AOSIS, AU, CAEU (candidates), COMESA, FAO, FZ, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, InOC, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAS, MIGA, NAM, OIC, OIF, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer)"
@ -1005,7 +1005,7 @@
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "Qatar launched a special program for the construction of a wireless network to inter connect the 3 islands of the archipelago; telephone service limited to the islands' few towns (2020)"
"text": "Comoros launched a special program for the construction of a wireless network to inter connect the 3 islands of the archipelago; telephone service limited to the islands' few towns (2020)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line connections less than 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular usage about 90 per 100 persons; 2 companies provide domestic and international mobile service and wireless data (2020)"
@ -1114,11 +1114,11 @@
"text": "<p>claims French-administered Mayotte and challenges France's and Madagascar's claims to Banc du Geyser, a drying reef in the Mozambique Channel; in May 2008, African Union forces assisted the Comoros military in recapturing Anjouan Island from rebels who seized it in 2001</p>"
},
"Trafficking in persons": {
"current situation": {
"text": "human traffickers may exploit domestic and foreign victims in Comoros and Comorians abroad; some Comorian and Malagasy women are subject to forced labor in the Middle East; adults and children may be forced to work in agriculture, construction, or as domestics in Mayotte; children abandoned by parents who left to seek jobs abroad are vulnerable to exploitation in domestic service, vending, baking, fishing, and agriculture; children from poor families whose parents place them with a relative or acquaintance for educational opportunities are vulnerable to domestic servitude and physical and sexual abuse; some children in Koranic schools may experience forced labor in agriculture or domestic servitude; inadequate border controls; government corruption, and international crime networks leave Comorians vulnerable to international trafficking"
},
"tier rating": {
"text": "Tier 3 &mdash; Comoros does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking is not making significant efforts to do so; the Anti-Trafficking Task Force met for the first time since 2017 and began drafting a national action plan for combatting trafficking; the government took steps to ratify the 2000 UN TIP Protocol and supported centers that identify and provide care to victims of crime, would include trafficking victims; however, authorities continued to lack an understanding of trafficking and did not make any anti-trafficking law enforcement efforts; the government did not investigate, prosecute, or convict any alleged traffickers or officials suspected of complicity in trafficking; the government did not develop any standing operating procedures for identifying trafficking victims and referring them to limited care providers; no public awareness campaigns were conducted (2020)"
"text": "Tier 3 &mdash; Comoros does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking and is not making significant efforts to do so; the Anti-Trafficking Task Force met for the first time since 2017 and began drafting a national action plan for combatting trafficking; the government took steps to ratify the 2000 UN TIP Protocol and supported centers that would identify and provide care to victims of crime and would include trafficking victims; however, authorities continued to lack an understanding of trafficking and did not make any anti-trafficking law enforcement efforts; the government did not investigate, prosecute, or convict any alleged traffickers or officials suspected of complicity in trafficking; the government did not develop any standard operating procedures for identifying trafficking victims and referring them to limited care providers; no public awareness campaigns were conducted (2020)"
},
"trafficking profile": {
"text": "human traffickers may exploit domestic and foreign victims in Comoros and Comorians abroad; some Comorian and Malagasy women are subject to forced labor in the Middle East; adults and children may be forced to work in agriculture, construction, or as domestics in Mayotte; children abandoned by parents who left to seek jobs abroad are vulnerable to exploitation in domestic service, vending, baking, fishing, and agriculture; children from poor families whose parents place them with a relative or acquaintance for educational opportunities are vulnerable to domestic servitude and physical and sexual abuse; some children in Koranic schools may experience forced labor in agriculture or domestic servitude; inadequate border controls; government corruption, and international crime networks leave Comorians vulnerable to international trafficking"
}
}
}

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}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "933,000 BANGUI (capital) (2022)"
"text": "958,000 BANGUI (capital) (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {

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africa/dj.json
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"text": "Sunni Muslim 94% (nearly all Djiboutians), other 6% (mainly foreign-born residents - Shia Muslim, Christian, Hindu, Jewish, Baha'i, and atheist)"
},
"Demographic profile": {
"text": "<p>Djibouti is a poor, predominantly urban country, characterized by high rates of illiteracy, unemployment, and childhood malnutrition. More than 75% of the population lives in cities and towns (predominantly in the capital, Djibouti). The rural population subsists primarily on nomadic herding. Prone to droughts and floods, the country has few natural resources and must import more than 80% of its food from neighboring countries or Europe. Health care, particularly outside the capital, is limited by poor infrastructure, shortages of equipment and supplies, and a lack of qualified personnel. More than a third of health care recipients are migrants because the services are still better than those available in their neighboring home countries. The nearly universal practice of female genital cutting reflects Djibouti’s lack of gender equality and is a major contributor to obstetrical complications and its high rates of maternal and infant mortality. A 1995 law prohibiting the practice has never been enforced.</p><p>Because of its political stability and its strategic location at the confluence of East Africa and the Gulf States along the Gulf of Aden and the Red Sea, Djibouti is a key transit point for migrants and asylum seekers heading for the Gulf States and beyond. Each year some hundred thousand people, mainly Ethiopians and some Somalis, journey through Djibouti, usually to the port of Obock, to attempt a dangerous sea crossing to Yemen. However, with the escalation of the ongoing Yemen conflict, Yemenis began fleeing to Djibouti in March 2015, with almost 20,000 arriving by August 2017. Most Yemenis remain unregistered and head for Djibouti City rather than seeking asylum at one of Djibouti’s three spartan refugee camps. Djibouti has been hosting refugees and asylum seekers, predominantly Somalis and lesser numbers of Ethiopians and Eritreans, at camps for 20 years, despite lacking potable water, food shortages, and unemployment.</p>"
"text": "<p>Djibouti is a poor, predominantly urban country, characterized by high rates of illiteracy, unemployment, and childhood malnutrition. More than 75% of the population lives in cities and towns (predominantly in the capital, Djibouti). The rural population subsists primarily on nomadic herding. Prone to droughts and floods, the country has few natural resources and must import more than 80% of its food from neighboring countries or Europe. Health care, particularly outside the capital, is limited by poor infrastructure, shortages of equipment and supplies, and a lack of qualified personnel. More than a third of health care recipients are migrants because the services are still better than those available in their neighboring home countries. The nearly universal practice of female genital cutting reflects Djibouti’s lack of gender equality and is a major contributor to obstetrical complications and its high rates of maternal and infant mortality. A 1995 law prohibiting the practice has never been enforced.</p> <p>Because of its political stability and its strategic location at the confluence of East Africa and the Gulf States along the Gulf of Aden and the Red Sea, Djibouti is a key transit point for migrants and asylum seekers heading for the Gulf States and beyond. Each year some 100,000 people, mainly Ethiopians and some Somalis, journey through Djibouti, usually to the port of Obock, to attempt a dangerous sea crossing to Yemen. However, with the escalation of the ongoing Yemen conflict, Yemenis began fleeing to Djibouti in March 2015, with almost 20,000 arriving by August 2017. Most Yemenis remain unregistered and head for Djibouti City rather than seeking asylum at one of Djibouti’s three spartan refugee camps. Djibouti has been hosting refugees and asylum seekers, predominantly Somalis and lesser numbers of Ethiopians and Eritreans, at camps for 20 years, despite lacking potable water, food shortages, and unemployment.</p>"
},
"Age structure": {
"0-14 years": {
@ -198,7 +198,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "591,000 DJIBOUTI (capital) (2022)"
"text": "600,000 DJIBOUTI (capital) (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {
@ -602,7 +602,7 @@
}
},
"Political parties and leaders": {
"text": "Center for United Democrats or CDU [Ahmed Mohamed YOUSSOUF, chairman]<br>Democratic Renewal Party or PRD [Abdillahi HAMARITEH]<br>Djibouti Development Party or PDD [Mohamed Daoud CHEHEM]<br>Front for Restoration of Unity and Democracy (Front pour la Restauration de l'Unite Democratique) or FRUD [Ali Mohamed DAOUD]<br>Movement for Democratic Renewal and Development or MRD (previously Democratic Renewal Party or PRD) [Daher Ahmed FARAH]<br>National Democratic Party or PND [Aden Robleh AWALEH]<br>People's Rally for Progress or RPP [Ismail Omar GUELLEH] (governing party)<br>Peoples Social Democratic Party or PPSD [Hasna Moumin BAHDON]<br>Republican Alliance for Democracy or ARD [Aden Mohamed ABDOU]<br>Union for Democracy and Justice or UDJ [Ilya Ismail GUEDI Hared]<br>Union for the Presidential Majority coalition or UMP [collective leadership] (electoral coalition includes RPP, FRUD, PPSD, and UPR)<br>Union for National Salvation coalition or USN [collective leadership] (electoral coalition includes ARD, PRD, PDD, UDJ, and PND)<br>Union of Reform Partisans or UPR [Ibrahim Daoud CHEHEM]<br><br><strong>note:</strong> only parties with seats in the National Assembly included"
"text": "Center for United Democrats or CDU [Ahmed Mohamed YOUSSOUF, chairman]<br>Democratic Renewal Party or PRD [Abdillahi HAMARITEH]<br>Djibouti Development Party or PDD [Mohamed Daoud CHEHEM]<br>Front for Restoration of Unity and Democracy (Front pour la Restauration de l'Unite Democratique) or FRUD [Ali Mohamed DAOUD]<br>Movement for Democratic Renewal and Development or MRD (formerly Democratic Renewal Party or PRD) [Daher Ahmed FARAH]<br>National Democratic Party or PND [Aden Robleh AWALEH]<br>People's Rally for Progress or RPP [Ismail Omar GUELLEH] (governing party)<br>Peoples Social Democratic Party or PPSD [Hasna Moumin BAHDON]<br>Republican Alliance for Democracy or ARD [Aden Mohamed ABDOU]<br>Union for Democracy and Justice or UDJ [Ilya Ismail GUEDI Hared]<br>Union for the Presidential Majority coalition or UMP [collective leadership] (electoral coalition includes RPP, FRUD, PPSD, and UPR)<br>Union for National Salvation coalition or USN [collective leadership] (electoral coalition includes ARD, PRD, PDD, UDJ, and PND)<br>Union of Reform Partisans or UPR [Ibrahim Daoud CHEHEM]<br><br><strong>note:</strong> only parties with seats in the National Assembly included"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ACP, AfDB, AFESD, AMF, ATMIS, AU, CAEU (candidates), COMESA, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAS, MIGA, MINURSO, NAM, OIC, OIF, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
@ -1194,7 +1194,7 @@
"text": "<p>as of 2022, China, France, Italy, Japan, and the US maintained bases in Djibouti for regional military missions, including counter-terrorism, counter-piracy, crisis response, and security assistance (note – France has multiple bases and hosts troop contingents from Germany and Spain); the EU and NATO have also maintained a presence to support multinational naval counter-piracy operations and maritime training efforts; in 2017, Djibouti and Saudi Arabia announced plans for the Saudis to build a military base there, although no start date was announced</p>"
},
"Maritime threats": {
"text": "the International Maritime Bureau&rsquo;s (IMB) Piracy Reporting Center (PRC) received one incident of piracy and armed robbery in 2021 for the Horn of Africa; while there were no recorded incidents, the IMB PRC warned that Somali pirates continue to possess the capacity to carry out attacks in the Somali basin and wider Indian Ocean; in particular, the report warns that, \"Masters and crew must remain vigilant and cautious when transiting these waters.\"; the presence of several naval task forces in the Gulf of Aden and additional anti-piracy measures on the part of ship operators, including the use of on-board armed security teams, contributed to the drop in incidents; the EU naval mission, Operation ATALANTA, continues its operations in the Gulf of Aden and Indian Ocean through 2022; naval units from China, India, Japan, Pakistan, South Korea, the US, and other countries also operate in conjunction with EU forces; China has established a base in Djibouti to support its deployed naval units in the Horn of Africa"
"text": "the International Maritime Bureau&rsquo;s (IMB) Piracy Reporting Center (PRC) received one incident of piracy and armed robbery in 2021 for the Horn of Africa; while there were no recorded incidents, the IMB PRC warned that Somali pirates continued to possess the capacity to carry out attacks in the Somali basin and wider Indian Ocean; in particular, the report warned that, \"Masters and crew must remain vigilant and cautious when transiting these waters.\"; the presence of several naval task forces in the Gulf of Aden and additional anti-piracy measures on the part of ship operators, including the use of on-board armed security teams, contributed to the drop in incidents; the EU naval mission, Operation ATALANTA, continues its operations in the Gulf of Aden and Indian Ocean through 2022; naval units from China, India, Japan, Pakistan, South Korea, the US, and other countries also operate in conjunction with EU forces; China has established a base in Djibouti to support its deployed naval units in the Horn of Africa"
}
},
"Terrorism": {

2
africa/eg.json
View file

@ -216,7 +216,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "21.750 million CAIRO (capital), 5.484 million Alexandria, 764,000 Bur Sa'id (2022)"
"text": "22.183 million CAIRO (capital), 5.588 million Alexandria, 778,000 Bur Sa'id (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {

6
africa/ek.json
View file

@ -1151,11 +1151,11 @@
"text": "<p><em>Equatorial Guinea-Cameroon: </em>in 2002, ICJ ruled on an equidistance settlement of Cameroon-Equatorial Guinea-Nigeria maritime boundary in the Gulf of Guinea, but a dispute between Equatorial Guinea and Cameroon over an island at the mouth of the Ntem River and imprecisely defined maritime coordinates in the ICJ decision delayed final delimitation</p> <p><em>Equatorial Guinea-Gabon:</em> UN urged Equatorial Guinea and Gabon to resolve the sovereignty dispute over Gabon-occupied Mbane and lesser islands and to create a maritime boundary in the hydrocarbon-rich Corisco Bay</p>"
},
"Trafficking in persons": {
"current situation": {
"text": "human traffickers exploit domestic and foreign victims in Equatorial Guinea and Equatoguineans abroad; the majority of trafficking victims are subjected to forced domestic service and commercial sex in cities, particularly in the hospitality and restaurant sector; local and foreign women, including Latin Americans, are exploited in commercial sex domestically, while some Equatoguinean women are sex trafficked in Spain; some children from rural areas have been forced into domestic servitude; children from nearby countries are forced to labor as domestic workers, market workers, vendors, and launderers; individuals recruited from African countries and temporary workers from Brazil, the Dominican Republic, and Venezuela are sometimes exploited in forced labor and sex trafficking"
},
"tier rating": {
"text": "<p>Tier 2 Watch List — Equatorial Guinea does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking but is making significant efforts to do so; authorities investigated, and for the first time since 2010, initiated the prosecution of alleged human traffickers; the government partnered with an international organization to provide training for more than 700 officials and civil society actors; authorities developed and implemented formal screening procedures to identify victims within vulnerable populations, an effort that had stalled for five years; however, the government still has not convicted a trafficker or any complicit government employees under its 2004 anti-trafficking law; a lack of training among judicial officials has resulted in potential trafficking crimes being tried under related statutes; victim services remained inadequate; authorities did not report referring any trafficking victims to government housing that was supposed to serve as temporary shelter (2020)</p>"
},
"trafficking profile": {
"text": "human traffickers exploit domestic and foreign victims in Equatorial Guinea and Equatoguineans abroad; the majority of trafficking victims are subjected to forced domestic service and commercial sex in cities, particularly in the hospitality and restaurant sector; local and foreign women, including Latin Americans, are exploited in commercial sex domestically, while some Equatoguinean women are sex trafficked in Spain; some children from rural areas have been forced into domestic servitude; children from nearby countries are forced to labor as domestic workers, market workers, vendors, and launderers; individuals recruited from African countries and temporary workers from Brazil, the Dominican Republic, and Venezuela are sometimes exploited in forced labor and sex trafficking"
}
}
}

8
africa/er.json
View file

@ -188,7 +188,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "1.035 million ASMARA (capital) (2022)"
"text": "1.073 million ASMARA (capital) (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {
@ -1173,11 +1173,11 @@
"text": "<p>Eritrea and Ethiopia agreed to abide by 2002 Ethiopia-Eritrea Boundary Commission's (EEBC) delimitation decision, but neither party responded to the revised line detailed in the November 2006 EEBC Demarcation Statement; Sudan accuses Eritrea of supporting eastern Sudanese rebel groups; in 2008, Eritrean troops moved across the border on Ras Doumera peninsula and occupied Doumera Island with undefined sovereignty in the Red Sea</p>"
},
"Trafficking in persons": {
"current situation": {
"text": "human traffickers export domestic victims in Eritrea or abroad; National Service is mandatory at age 18 and may take a variety of forms, including military service and physical labor but also government office jobs and teaching; Eritreans who flee the country, usually with the aim of reaching Europe, seek the help of paid smugglers and are vulnerable to trafficking when they cross the border clandestinely into Sudan, Ethiopia, and to a lesser extent Djibouti; Eritreans are subject to forced labor and sex trafficking mainly in Sudan, Ethiopia, and Libya"
},
"tier rating": {
"text": "Tier 3 &mdash; Eritrea does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking and is not making significant efforts to do so; the government engaged in critical bilateral and multilateral partnerships to build its capacity for anti-trafficking initiatives; officials participated in a UN-sponsored regional anti-trafficking workshop and committed to produce a regional plan of action to combat trafficking; however, a government policy or pattern of forced labor existed; the government continued to subject its nationals to forced labor in its compulsory national service and citizen militia by forcing them to serve indefinitely or for arbitrary periods; authorities did not report any trafficking investigations, prosecutions, or convictions, including complicit government employees, nor did they report identifying victims and referring them to care; the government has no action plan to combat human trafficking (2020)"
},
"trafficking profile": {
"text": "human traffickers export domestic victims in Eritrea or abroad; National Service is mandatory at age 18 and may take a variety of forms, including military service and physical labor but also government office jobs and teaching; Eritreans who flee the country, usually with the aim of reaching Europe, seek the help of paid smugglers and are vulnerable to trafficking when they cross the border clandestinely into Sudan, Ethiopia, and to a lesser extent Djibouti; Eritreans are subject to forced labor and sex trafficking mainly in Sudan, Ethiopia, and Libya"
}
}
}

4
africa/et.json
View file

@ -208,7 +208,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "5.228 million ADDIS ABABA (capital) (2022)"
"text": "5.461 million ADDIS ABABA (capital) (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {
@ -1326,7 +1326,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "407,382 (South Sudan), 251,126 (Somalia), 162,011 (Eritrea), 48,445 (Sudan) (2022)"
"text": "408,541 (South Sudan), 251,593 (Somalia), 162,011 (Eritrea), 48,445 (Sudan) (2022)"
},
"IDPs": {
"text": "2.72 million (includes conflict- and climate-induced IDPs, excluding unverified estimates from the Amhara region; border war with Eritrea from 1998-2000; ethnic clashes; and ongoing fighting between the Ethiopian military and separatist rebel groups in the Somali and Oromia regions; natural disasters; intercommunal violence; most IDPs live in Sumale state) (2022)"

2
africa/ga.json
View file

@ -202,7 +202,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "470,000 BANJUL (capital) (2022)",
"text": "481,000 BANJUL (capital) (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> includes the local government areas of Banjul and Kanifing"
},
"Sex ratio": {

2
africa/gb.json
View file

@ -199,7 +199,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "857,000 LIBREVILLE (capital) (2022)"
"text": "870,000 LIBREVILLE (capital) (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {

2
africa/gh.json
View file

@ -203,7 +203,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "3.630 million Kumasi, 2.605 million ACCRA (capital), 1.035 million Sekondi Takoradi (2022)"
"text": "3.768 million Kumasi, 2.660 million ACCRA (capital), 1.078 million Sekondi Takoradi (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {

8
africa/gv.json
View file

@ -197,7 +197,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "2.049 million CONAKRY (capital) (2022)"
"text": "2.111 million CONAKRY (capital) (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {
@ -1264,11 +1264,11 @@
"text": "<p>Sierra Leone considers Guinea's definition of the flood plain limits to define the left bank boundary of the Makona and Moa Rivers excessive and protests Guinea's continued occupation of these lands, including the hamlet of Yenga, occupied since 1998</p>"
},
"Trafficking in persons": {
"current situation": {
"text": "Guinea is a source, transit, and, to a lesser extent, a destination country for men, women, and children subjected to forced labor and sex trafficking; the majority of trafficking victims are Guinean children; Guinean girls are subjected to domestic servitude and commercial sexual exploitation, while boys are forced to beg, work as street vendors, shoe shiners, or miners; some Guinean children are forced to mine in Senegal, Mali, and possibly other West African countries; Guinean women and girls are subjected to domestic servitude and sex trafficking in Nigeria, Cote d&rsquo;Ivoire, Benin, Senegal, Greece, and Spain, while Chinese and Vietnamese women are reportedly forced into prostitution in Guinea"
},
"tier rating": {
"text": "Tier 2 Watch List &mdash; Guinea does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking; however it is making significant efforts to do so; the government&nbsp; drafted a new anti-trafficking action plan, provided support to eight victims exploited in the Middle East, and incorporated anti-trafficking training into the law enforcement curriculum; however, the government did not overall increase efforts compared to the last rating period; investigations and prosecutions of trafficking crimes decreased, victim identification was inadequate, and NGO&rsquo;s providing victim services did not receive government support; for the fourth year, resources for the anti-trafficking committee or the Office for the Protection of Gender, Children and Morals were inadequate; a Quranic teacher was not prosecuted for allegedly forcing child begging; Guinea was downgraded to Tier 2 Watch List (2020)"
},
"trafficking profile": {
"text": "Guinea is a source, transit, and, to a lesser extent, a destination country for men, women, and children subjected to forced labor and sex trafficking; the majority of trafficking victims are Guinean children; Guinean girls are subjected to domestic servitude and commercial sexual exploitation, while boys are forced to beg, work as street vendors, shoe shiners, or miners; some Guinean children are forced to mine in Senegal, Mali, and possibly other West African countries; Guinean women and girls are subjected to domestic servitude and sex trafficking in Nigeria, Cote d&rsquo;Ivoire, Benin, Senegal, Greece, and Spain, while Chinese and Vietnamese women are reportedly forced into prostitution in Guinea"
}
},
"Illicit drugs": {

2
africa/iv.json
View file

@ -207,7 +207,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "231,000 YAMOUSSOUKRO (capital) (2018), 5.516 million ABIDJAN (seat of government) (2022)"
"text": "231,000 YAMOUSSOUKRO (capital) (2018), 5.686 million ABIDJAN (seat of government) (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {

2
africa/ke.json
View file

@ -212,7 +212,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "5.119 million NAIROBI (capital), 1.389 million Mombassa (2022)"
"text": "5.325 million NAIROBI (capital), 1.440 million Mombassa (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {

2
africa/li.json
View file

@ -196,7 +196,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "1.623 million MONROVIA (capital) (2022)"
"text": "1.678 million MONROVIA (capital) (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {

2
africa/lt.json
View file

@ -654,7 +654,7 @@
}
},
"Flag description": {
"text": "three horizontal stripes of blue (top), white, and green in the proportions of 3:4:3; the colors represent rain, peace, and prosperity respectively; centered in the white stripe is a black Basotho hat representing the indigenous people; the flag was unfurled in October 2006 to celebrate 40 years of independence"
"text": "three horizontal stripes of blue (top), white, and green in the proportions of 3:4:3; the colors represent rain, peace, and prosperity respectively; centered in the white stripe is a black mokorotlo, a traditional Basotho straw hat and national symbol; the redesigned flag was unfurled in October 2006 to celebrate 40 years of independence"
},
"National symbol(s)": {
"text": "mokorotio (Basotho hat); national colors: blue, white, green, black"

2
africa/ly.json
View file

@ -204,7 +204,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "1.176 million TRIPOLI (capital), 953,000 Misratah, 848,000 Benghazi (2022)"
"text": "1.183 million TRIPOLI (capital), 984,000 Misratah, 859,000 Benghazi (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {

10
africa/ma.json
View file

@ -194,7 +194,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "3.700 million ANTANANARIVO (capital) (2022)"
"text": "3.872 million ANTANANARIVO (capital) (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {
@ -619,7 +619,7 @@
"text": "Senate - last held on 11 December 2020 (next to be held in  December 2025)<br>National Assembly - last held on 27 May 2019 (next to be held in May 2024)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "2020:<br>Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; elected seats by party - Irmar 10, Malagasy Miara Miainga 2; composition - men 16, women 2, percent of women 11%<br>2019:<br>National Assembly - percent of vote by party -Independent Pro-HVM 18%, MAPAR 17%, MAPAR pro-HVM 16%, TIM 13%' VPM-MMM 10%, GPS/ARD 7%, HIARAKA ISIKA 3%, LEADER FANILO 3%, VERTS 3%, TAMBATRA 1%, independent 9%; composition - men 123, women 28, percent of women 18.5%; note - total Parliament percent of women 17.8%"
"text": "2020:<br>Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; elected seats by party - Irmar 10, Malagasy Miara Miainga 2; composition - men 16, women 2, percent of women 11%<br>2019:<br>National Assembly - percent of vote by party - TGV 30.9%, TIM 9.7%, MATITA 1.1%, MTS 0.4%, GJMP 0.3%, MDM 0.2%, RPSD Vaovao 0.1%, Independents 50%, Other 7.3%; composition - men 123, women 28, percent of women 18.5%; note - total Parliament percent of women 17.8%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
@ -634,7 +634,7 @@
}
},
"Political parties and leaders": {
"text": "<p>Economic Liberalism and Democratic Action for National Recovery or LEADER FANILO [Jean Max RAKOTOMAMONJY]<br>FOMBA [Ny Rado RAFALIMANANA]<br>Gideons Fighting Against Poverty in Madagascar (Gedeona Miady amin'ny Fahantrana eto Madagascar) or GFFM [Andre Christian Dieu Donne MAILHOL]<br>Green Party or VERTS (Antoko Maintso) [Alexandre GEORGET]<br>I Love Madagascar (Tiako I Madagasikara) or TIM [Marc RAVALOMANANA]<br>Irmar<br>Malagasy Aware (Malagasy Tonga Saina) or MTS [Roland RATSIRAKA]<br>Malagasy Raising Together (Malagasy Miara-Miainga) or MMM [Hajo ANDRIANAINARIVELO]<br>New Force for Madagascar (Hery Vaovao ho an'ny Madagasikara) or HVM [Hery Martial RAJAONARIMAMPIANINA Rakotoarimanana]<br>Total Refoundation of Madagascar (Refondation Totale de Madagascar) or RTM [Joseph Martin RANDRIAMAMPIONONA]<br>Vanguard for the Renovation of Madagascar (Avant-Garde pour la renovation de Madagascar) or AREMA [Didier RATSIRAKA]<br>Young Malagasies Determined (Malagasy: Tanora malaGasy Vonona) or TGV [Andry RAJOELINA] and MAPAR [Andry RAJOELINA], and IRD (We are all with Andry Rajoelina) [Andry RAJOELINA]</p>"
"text": "<p>Group of Young Malagasy Patriots (Groupe des Jeunes Malgaches Patriotes) or GJMP<br>I Love Madagascar (Tiako I Madagasikara) or TIM [Marc RAVALOMANANA]<br>Malagasy Aware (Malagasy Tonga Saina) or MTS [Roland RATSIRAKA]<br>Malagasy Tia Tanindrazana or MATITA or ANGADY [Hyacinthe Befeno TODIMANANA]<br>Movement for Democracy in Madagascar (Mouvement pour la Démocratie à Madagascar) or MDM [Pierrot RAJAONARIVELO]<br>Rally for Democratic Socialism (Rassemblement pour Socialisme Démocratique - Nauveau) or RPSD Vaovao [Evariste MARSON]<br>Young Malagasies Determined (Tanora Malagasy Vonona) or TGV [Andry RAJOELINA]<br><br><strong>Note:</strong> Only parties with seats in the National Assembly included</p>"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ACP, AfDB, AU, CD, COMESA, EITI (candidate country), FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, InOC, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, OIF, OPCW, PCA, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
@ -661,7 +661,7 @@
},
"Diplomatic representation from the US": {
"chief of mission": {
"text": "Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Tobias H. GLUCKSMAN"
"text": "Ambassador Claire PIERANGELO (since 2 May 2022)"
},
"embassy": {
"text": "Lot 207A, Andranoro, Antehiroka, 105 Antananarivo"
@ -1092,7 +1092,7 @@
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "Telecom services in Madagascar have benefited from intensifying competition between the main operators; there have been positive developments with the country&rsquo;s link to international submarine cables, particularly the METISS cable connecting to South Africa and Mauritius; in addition, the country&rsquo;s connection to the Africa-1 cable, expected in late 2023, will provide it with links to Kenya, Djibouti, countries in north and south Africa, as well Pakistan, the UAE, Saudi Arabia, and France; a national fiber backbone has been implemented connecting the major cities; in addition, the government has progressed with its five-year plan to develop a digital platform running to 2024; various schemes within the program have been managed by a unit within the President&rsquo;s office; penetration rates in all market sectors remain below the average for the African region, and so there remains considerable growth potential; much progress was made in 2020, stimulated by the particular conditions related to the pandemic, which encouraged greater use of voice and data services (2022)"
"text": "telecom services in Madagascar have benefited from intensifying competition between the main operators; there have been positive developments with the country&rsquo;s link to international submarine cables, particularly the METISS cable connecting to South Africa and Mauritius; in addition, the country&rsquo;s connection to the Africa-1 cable, expected in late 2023, will provide it with links to Kenya, Djibouti, countries in north and south Africa, as well Pakistan, the UAE, Saudi Arabia, and France; a national fiber backbone has been implemented connecting the major cities; in addition, the government has progressed with its five-year plan to develop a digital platform running to 2024; various schemes within the program have been managed by a unit within the President&rsquo;s office; penetration rates in all market sectors remain below the average for the African region, and so there remains considerable growth potential; much progress was made in 2020, stimulated by the particular conditions related to the pandemic, which encouraged greater use of voice and data services (2022)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "less than 1 per 100 for fixed-line and mobile-cellular teledensity about 57 per 100 persons (2020)"

2
africa/mi.json
View file

@ -200,7 +200,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "1.222 million LILONGWE (capital), 995,000 Blantyre-Limbe (2022)"
"text": "1.276 million LILONGWE (capital), 1.031 million Blantyre-Limbe (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {

8
africa/ml.json
View file

@ -200,7 +200,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "2.817 million BAMAKO (capital) (2022)"
"text": "2.929 million BAMAKO (capital) (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {
@ -1282,11 +1282,11 @@
}
},
"Trafficking in persons": {
"current situation": {
"text": "Mali is a source, transit, and destination country for men, women, and children subjected to forced labor and sex trafficking; women and girls are forced into domestic servitude, agricultural labor, and support roles in gold mines, as well as subjected to sex trafficking; Malian boys are found in conditions of forced labor in agricultural settings, gold mines, and the informal commercial sector, as well as forced begging in Mali and neighboring countries; Malians and other Africans who travel through Mali to Mauritania, Algeria, or Libya in hopes of reaching Europe are particularly at risk of becoming victims of human trafficking; men and boys, primarily of Songhai ethnicity, are subjected to debt bondage in the salt mines of Taoudenni in northern Mali; some members of Mali's Tuareg community are subjected to traditional slavery-related practices, and this involuntary servitude reportedly has extended to their children; reports indicate that non-governmental armed groups operating in northern Mali recruited children as combatants, cooks, porters, guards, spies, and sex slaves; slaveholders use some members of the Tuareg community in hereditary servitude where communities rather than individuals or families exploit the enslaved"
},
"tier rating": {
"text": "Tier 2 Watch List &mdash; Mali does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking but is making significant efforts to do so; government efforts included prosecuting hereditary slavery cases, increasing convictions, continuing training and awareness raising activities, releasing all children associated with the Malian armed forces (FAMa) to an international organization for care, training law enforcement officials on protection of children in armed conflict, identifying 215 children used by armed groups and referring them to international organizations for care; however, the government did not stop all use of children in the FAMa; the government continued to provide support to and collaborate with the Imghad Tuareg and the Allies Self-Defense Group, which recruited and used child soldiers; authorities did not investigate any suspects for child soldier offenses or make efforts to prevent it; law enforcement lacked resources and training about human trafficking; services for victims remained insufficient; therefore, Mali was downgraded to Tier 2 Watch List (2020)"
},
"trafficking profile": {
"text": "Mali is a source, transit, and destination country for men, women, and children subjected to forced labor and sex trafficking; women and girls are forced into domestic servitude, agricultural labor, and support roles in gold mines, as well as subjected to sex trafficking; Malian boys are found in conditions of forced labor in agricultural settings, gold mines, and the informal commercial sector, as well as forced begging in Mali and neighboring countries; Malians and other Africans who travel through Mali to Mauritania, Algeria, or Libya in hopes of reaching Europe are particularly at risk of becoming victims of human trafficking; men and boys, primarily of Songhai ethnicity, are subjected to debt bondage in the salt mines of Taoudenni in northern Mali; some members of Mali's Tuareg community are subjected to traditional slavery-related practices, and this involuntary servitude reportedly has extended to their children; reports indicate that non-governmental armed groups operating in northern Mali recruited children as combatants, cooks, porters, guards, spies, and sex slaves; slaveholders use some members of the Tuareg community in hereditary servitude where communities rather than individuals or families exploit the enslaved"
}
},
"Illicit drugs": {

2
africa/mo.json
View file

@ -218,7 +218,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note:</strong>  data does not include former Western Sahara"
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "3.840 million Casablanca, 1.932 million RABAT (capital), 1.267 million Fes, 1.238 million Tangier, 1.277 million Marrakech, 960,000 Agadir (2022)"
"text": "3.893 million Casablanca, 1.959 million RABAT (capital), 1.290 million Fes, 1.314 million Tangier, 1.050 million Marrakech, 979,000 Agadir (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {

8
africa/mp.json
View file

@ -90,7 +90,7 @@
"text": "158 sq km (2020)"
},
"Population distribution": {
"text": "population density is one of the highest in the world; urban cluster are found throught the main island, with a greater density in and around Port Luis; population on Rodrigues Island is spread across the island with a slightly denser cluster on the north coast as shown in this population distribution map"
"text": "population density is one of the highest in the world; urban clusters are found throughout the main island, with a greater density in and around Port Luis; population on Rodrigues Island is spread across the island with a slightly denser cluster on the north coast as shown in this population distribution map"
},
"Natural hazards": {
"text": "cyclones (November to April); almost completely surrounded by reefs that may pose maritime hazards"
@ -179,7 +179,7 @@
"text": "0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.)"
},
"Population distribution": {
"text": "population density is one of the highest in the world; urban cluster are found throught the main island, with a greater density in and around Port Luis; population on Rodrigues Island is spread across the island with a slightly denser cluster on the north coast as shown in this population distribution map"
"text": "population density is one of the highest in the world; urban clusters are found throughout the main island, with a greater density in and around Port Luis; population on Rodrigues Island is spread across the island with a slightly denser cluster on the north coast as shown in this population distribution map"
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
@ -557,7 +557,7 @@
"text": "last held on&nbsp;7&nbsp;November 2019&nbsp;(next to be held by late&nbsp;2024)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - MSM 61%,&nbsp; Mauritius Labour Party 23%, MMM 13%, OPR 3%; elected seats by party as of - the Militant Socialist Movement (MSM) wins 38 seats, the Mauritius Labour Party (PTR) or (MLP) 14, Mauritian Militant Movement (MMM) 8 and the Rodrigues People's Organization (OPR) 2; composition as of July 2022 - men 56, women 14, percent of women 20% (2019)"
"text": "percent of vote by party - Mauritian Alliance 2019 (MSM, ML, MAG, and PM) 37.7%, National Alliance (PTR, PMSD, and MJCB) 32.8%, MMM 20.6%, OPR 1%, Other 7.9%; elected seats by party as of November 2019 - the Militant Socialist Movement (MSM) 38 seats, the Mauritius Labour Party (PTR) or (MLP) 14, Mauritian Militant Movement (MMM) 8, and the Rodrigues People's Organization (OPR) 2; composition as of July 2022 - men 56, women 14, percent of women 20% (2019)"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
@ -572,7 +572,7 @@
}
},
"Political parties and leaders": {
"text": "Alliance Morisien (Mauritian Alliance 2019; coalition includes PM, MSM, ML, and MAG) [Pravind JUGNAUTH] <br>Mauritian Militant Movement (Mouvement Militant Mauricien) or MMM [Paul BERENGER]<br>Mauritian Social Democratic Party (Parti Mauricien Social Democrate) or PMSD [Xavier Luc DUVAL]<br>Mauritius Labor Party (Parti Travailliste) or PTR or MLP [Navinchandra RAMGOOLAM]<br>Militant Platform or PM (Plateforme Militante) [Steven OBEEGADOO]<br>Militant Socialist Movement (Mouvement Socialist Mauricien) or MSM [Pravind JUGNAUTH]<br>Muvman Liberater or ML [Ivan COLLENDAVELLOO]<br>National Alliance (coalition includes PTR and PMSD) [Navinchandra RAMGOOLAM]<br>Patriotic Movement (Mouvement Patriotique) or MAG [Alan GANOO]<br>Rodrigues Peoples Organization (Organisation du Peuple Rodriguais) or OPR [Serge CLAIR]<br><br><strong>note</strong>: only parties with seats in the National Assembly listed"
"text": "Alliance Morisien (Mauritian Alliance 2019; coalition includes PM, MSM, ML, and MAG) [Pravind JUGNAUTH] <br>Jean-Claude Barbier Movement (Mouvement Jean-Claude Barbier) or MJCB [Jean-Claude Barbier]<br>Mauritian Militant Movement (Mouvement Militant Mauricien) or MMM [Paul BERENGER]<br>Mauritian Social Democratic Party (Parti Mauricien Social Democrate) or PMSD [Xavier Luc DUVAL]<br>Mauritius Labor Party (Parti Travailliste) or PTR or MLP [Navinchandra RAMGOOLAM]<br>Militant Platform or PM (Plateforme Militante) [Steven OBEEGADOO]<br>Militant Socialist Movement (Mouvement Socialist Mauricien) or MSM [Pravind JUGNAUTH]<br>Muvman Liberater or ML [Ivan COLLENDAVELLOO]<br>National Alliance (coalition includes PTR, PMSD, and MJCB) [Navinchandra RAMGOOLAM]<br>Patriotic Movement (Mouvement Patriotique) or MAG [Alan GANOO]<br>Rodrigues Peoples Organization (Organisation du Peuple Rodriguais) or OPR [Serge CLAIR]<br> <p><strong>note</strong>: only parties with seats in the National Assembly listed</p>"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ACP, AfDB, AOSIS, AU, C, CD, COMESA, CPLP (associate), FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, InOC, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, OIF, OPCW, PCA, SAARC (observer), SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"

8
africa/mr.json
View file

@ -210,7 +210,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "1.432 million NOUAKCHOTT (capital) (2022)"
"text": "1.492 million NOUAKCHOTT (capital) (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {
@ -1290,11 +1290,11 @@
}
},
"Trafficking in persons": {
"current situation": {
"text": "Mauritania is a source, transit, and destination country for men, women, and children subjected to conditions of forced labor and sex trafficking; adults and children from traditional slave castes are subjected to slavery-related practices rooted in ancestral master-slave relationships; Mauritanian boys&nbsp; are trafficked within the country by religious teachers for forced begging; Mauritanian girls, as well as girls from Mali, Senegal, The Gambia, and other West African countries, are forced into domestic servitude; Mauritanian women and girls are forced into prostitution in the country or transported to countries in the Middle East for the same purpose"
},
"tier rating": {
"text": "Tier 2 Watch List &mdash; Mauritania does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking but is making significant efforts to do so and was upgraded to Tier 2 Watch List; the government convicted five hereditary slaveholders, drafted new anti-trafficking legislation and a national action plan, raised awareness on child forced begging in Quranic schools with imams and religious leaders by establishing an inter-ministerial committee, published a child protection guide, and operated a cash transfer program; however, the government rarely imprisoned convicted slaveholders and did not identify any victims; government agencies lacked resources; government officials refuse to investigate or prosecute political offenders (2020)"
},
"trafficking profile": {
"text": "Mauritania is a source, transit, and destination country for men, women, and children subjected to conditions of forced labor and sex trafficking; adults and children from traditional slave castes are subjected to slavery-related practices rooted in ancestral master-slave relationships; Mauritanian boys&nbsp; are trafficked within the country by religious teachers for forced begging; Mauritanian girls, as well as girls from Mali, Senegal, The Gambia, and other West African countries, are forced into domestic servitude; Mauritanian women and girls are forced into prostitution in the country or transported to countries in the Middle East for the same purpose"
}
},
"Illicit drugs": {

2
africa/mz.json
View file

@ -201,7 +201,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "1.797 million Matola, 1.139 million MAPUTO (capital), 927,000 Nampula (2022)"
"text": "1.852 million Matola, 1.163 million MAPUTO (capital), 969,000 Nampula (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {

4
africa/ng.json
View file

@ -199,7 +199,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "1.384 million NIAMEY (capital) (2022)"
"text": "1.437 million NIAMEY (capital) (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {
@ -1278,7 +1278,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "187,136 (Nigeria), 65,621 (Mali) (refugees and asylum seekers) (2022)"
"text": "187,130 (Nigeria), 65,621 (Mali) (refugees and asylum seekers) (2022)"
},
"IDPs": {
"text": "376,809 (includes the regions of Diffa, Tillaberi, and Tahoua; unknown how many of the 11,000 people displaced by clashes between government forces and the Tuareg militant group, Niger Movement for Justice, in 2007 are still displaced; inter-communal violence; Boko Haram attacks in southern Niger, 2015) (2022)"

2
africa/ni.json
View file

@ -208,7 +208,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "15.388 million Lagos, 4.219 million Kano, 3.756 million Ibadan, 3.652 million ABUJA (capital), 3.325 million Port Harcourt, 1.841 million Benin City (2022)"
"text": "15.946 million Lagos, 4.348 million Kano, 3.875 million Ibadan, 3.840 million ABUJA (capital), 3.480 million Port Harcourt, 1.905 million Benin City (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {

12
africa/od.json
View file

@ -182,14 +182,14 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "20.8% of total population (2022)"
"text": "21.2% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "4.12% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "440,000 JUBA (capital) (2022)"
"text": "459,000 JUBA (capital) (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {
@ -392,7 +392,7 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "20.8% of total population (2022)"
"text": "21.2% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "4.12% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
@ -1089,11 +1089,11 @@
}
},
"Trafficking in persons": {
"current situation": {
"text": "South Sudan is a source and destination country for men, women, and children subjected to forced labor and sex trafficking; South Sudanese women and girls, particularly those who are internally displaced or from rural areas, are vulnerable to forced labor and sexual exploitation in urban centers; the rising number of street children and child laborers are also exploited for forced labor and prostitution; women and girls from Uganda, Kenya, Ethiopia, and Democratic Republic of the Congo are trafficked to South Sudan with promises of legitimate jobs and are forced into the sex trade; inter-ethnic abductions continue between some communities in South Sudan; government forces use children to fight and perpetrate violence against other children and civilians, to serve as scouts, escorts, cooks, and cleaners, and to carry heavy loads while on the move"
},
"tier rating": {
"text": "<p>Tier 3 — South Sudan does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking and is not making significant efforts to do so: the government’s efforts include forming and staffing an anti-trafficking inter-ministerial task force, releasing 286 child soldiers, and identifying 19 potential trafficking victims; however, the recruitment of child soldiers by security and law enforcement continues and neither was held criminally responsible; authorities did not investigate or prosecute forced labor or sex trafficking crimes and made no effort to identify and protect trafficking victims; authorities continued to arrest and imprison child sex trafficking victims without screening for indicators of trafficking (2020)</p>"
},
"trafficking profile": {
"text": "South Sudan is a source and destination country for men, women, and children subjected to forced labor and sex trafficking; South Sudanese women and girls, particularly those who are internally displaced or from rural areas, are vulnerable to forced labor and sexual exploitation in urban centers; the rising number of street children and child laborers are also exploited for forced labor and prostitution; women and girls from Uganda, Kenya, Ethiopia, and Democratic Republic of the Congo are trafficked to South Sudan with promises of legitimate jobs and are forced into the sex trade; inter-ethnic abductions continue between some communities in South Sudan; government forces use children to fight and perpetrate violence against other children and civilians, to serve as scouts, escorts, cooks, and cleaners, and to carry heavy loads while on the move"
}
}
}

8
africa/pu.json
View file

@ -193,7 +193,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "643,000 BISSAU (capital) (2022)"
"text": "664,000 BISSAU (capital) (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {
@ -1169,11 +1169,11 @@
}
},
"Trafficking in persons": {
"current situation": {
"text": "Guinea-Bissau is a country of origin and destination for children subjected to forced labor and sex trafficking; the scope of the problem of trafficking women or men for forced labor or forced prostitution is unknown; boys reportedly were transported to southern Senegal for forced manual and agricultural labor; girls may be subjected to forced domestic service and child prostitution in Senegal and Guinea; both boys and girls are forced to work as street vendors in cities in Guinea-Bissau and Senegal"
},
"tier rating": {
"text": "Tier 2 Watch List &mdash; Guinea-Bissau does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking but is making significant efforts to do so; efforts include identifying forced child begging victims, cooperating with Moroccan authorities on international crime investigations, and approving a new action plan; yet, the government has not convicted a trafficker, identified fewer trafficking victims, and lacked resources or the political will to fight trafficking or to enact its action plan, which would meet minimum standards; Guinea-Bissau was granted a waiver under the Trafficking Victims Protection Act from downgrade to Tier 3 (2020)"
},
"trafficking profile": {
"text": "Guinea-Bissau is a country of origin and destination for children subjected to forced labor and sex trafficking; the scope of the problem of trafficking women or men for forced labor or forced prostitution is unknown; boys reportedly were transported to southern Senegal for forced manual and agricultural labor; girls may be subjected to forced domestic service and child prostitution in Senegal and Guinea; both boys and girls are forced to work as street vendors in cities in Guinea-Bissau and Senegal"
}
},
"Illicit drugs": {

6
africa/rw.json
View file

@ -194,14 +194,14 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "17.7% of total population (2022)"
"text": "17.9% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "3.07% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "1.208 million KIGALI (capital) (2022)"
"text": "1.248 million KIGALI (capital) (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {
@ -446,7 +446,7 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "17.7% of total population (2022)"
"text": "17.9% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "3.07% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"

4
africa/se.json
View file

@ -183,7 +183,7 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "58.4% of total population (2022)"
"text": "58.8% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "0.99% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
@ -417,7 +417,7 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "58.4% of total population (2022)"
"text": "58.8% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "0.99% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"

6
africa/sf.json
View file

@ -205,14 +205,14 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "68.3% of total population (2022)"
"text": "68.8% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "1.72% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "10.110 million Johannesburg (includes Ekurhuleni), 4.801 million Cape Town (legislative capital), 3.199 million Durban, 2.74 million PRETORIA (administrative capital), 1.281 million Port Elizabeth, 909,000 West Rand (2022)"
"text": "10.316 million Johannesburg (includes Ekurhuleni), 4.890 million Cape Town (legislative capital), 3.228 million Durban, 2.818 million PRETORIA (administrative capital), 1.296 million Port Elizabeth, 934,000 West Rand (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {
@ -462,7 +462,7 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "68.3% of total population (2022)"
"text": "68.8% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "1.72% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"

12
africa/sg.json
View file

@ -198,14 +198,14 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "49.1% of total population (2022)"
"text": "49.6% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "3.59% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "3.326 million DAKAR (capital) (2022)"
"text": "3.340 million DAKAR (capital) (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {
@ -468,7 +468,7 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "49.1% of total population (2022)"
"text": "49.6% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "3.59% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
@ -1304,11 +1304,11 @@
}
},
"Trafficking in persons": {
"current situation": {
"text": "Senegal is a source, transit, and destination country for children and women who are subjected to forced begging, forced labor, and sex trafficking; traffickers subject Senegalese children to forced labor in domestic service, mining, and prostitution; some Senegalese boys from Quranic schools and boys from The Gambia, Mali, Guinea-Bissau, and Guinea are forced to beg; Senegalese women and girls are forced into domestic servitude in neighboring countries, Europe, and the Middle East, while others are sexually exploited in Senegal; women and girls from other West African countries are subjected to domestic servitude and sexual exploitation in Senegal; Ukrainian and Chinese women are exploited for sex trafficking in bars and nightclubs; North Korean workers are forced to work in construction"
},
"tier rating": {
"text": "Tier 2 Watch List &mdash; Senegal does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking but is making significant efforts to do so; efforts include establishing an anti-trafficking database; planning the third phase of its program to remove vulnerable children, including trafficking victims, from the streets of major cities; launching an emergency campaign to place vulnerable children and forced begging victims in shelters due to COVID 19 pandemic; however, the government rarely proactively investigated or prosecuted traffickers exploiting children in forced begging; authorities did not take action against officials who refused to investigate such cases; officials only applied adequate prison terms in accordance with the 2005 anti-trafficking law to two convicted traffickers; authorities did not identify any adult trafficking victims; government officials continued to have a limited knowledge of trafficking; Senegal was downgraded to Tier 2 Watch List (2020)"
},
"trafficking profile": {
"text": "Senegal is a source, transit, and destination country for children and women who are subjected to forced begging, forced labor, and sex trafficking; traffickers subject Senegalese children to forced labor in domestic service, mining, and prostitution; some Senegalese boys from Quranic schools and boys from The Gambia, Mali, Guinea-Bissau, and Guinea are forced to beg; Senegalese women and girls are forced into domestic servitude in neighboring countries, Europe, and the Middle East, while others are sexually exploited in Senegal; women and girls from other West African countries are subjected to domestic servitude and sexual exploitation in Senegal; Ukrainian and Chinese women are exploited for sex trafficking in bars and nightclubs; North Korean workers are forced to work in construction"
}
},
"Illicit drugs": {

4
africa/sh.json
View file

@ -181,7 +181,7 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "40.4% of total population (2022)"
"text": "40.7% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "0.98% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
@ -337,7 +337,7 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "40.4% of total population (2022)"
"text": "40.7% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "0.98% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"

6
africa/sl.json
View file

@ -192,14 +192,14 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "43.8% of total population (2022)"
"text": "44.3% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "3.02% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "1.272 million FREETOWN (capital) (2022)"
"text": "1.309 million FREETOWN (capital) (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {
@ -451,7 +451,7 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "43.8% of total population (2022)"
"text": "44.3% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "3.02% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"

6
africa/so.json
View file

@ -192,14 +192,14 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "47.3% of total population (2022)"
"text": "47.9% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "4.2% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "2.497 million MOGADISHU (capital), 1.079 million Hargeysa (2022)"
"text": "2.610 million MOGADISHU (capital), 1.127 million Hargeysa (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {
@ -433,7 +433,7 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "47.3% of total population (2022)"
"text": "47.9% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "4.2% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"

6
africa/su.json
View file

@ -198,14 +198,14 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "36% of total population (2022)"
"text": "36.3% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "3.43% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "6.160 million KHARTOUM (capital), 1.012 million Nyala (2022)"
"text": "6.344 million KHARTOUM (capital), 1.057 million Nyala (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {
@ -444,7 +444,7 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "36% of total population (2022)"
"text": "36.3% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "3.43% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"

6
africa/to.json
View file

@ -187,14 +187,14 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "43.9% of total population (2022)"
"text": "44.5% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "3.6% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "1.926 million LOME (capital) (2022)"
"text": "1.982 million LOME (capital) (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {
@ -459,7 +459,7 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "43.9% of total population (2022)"
"text": "44.5% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "3.6% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"

4
africa/tp.json
View file

@ -178,7 +178,7 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "75.8% of total population (2022)"
"text": "76.4% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "2.96% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
@ -444,7 +444,7 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "75.8% of total population (2022)"
"text": "76.4% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "2.96% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"

6
africa/ts.json
View file

@ -194,14 +194,14 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "70.2% of total population (2022)"
"text": "70.5% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "1.34% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "2.439 million TUNIS (capital) (2022)"
"text": "2.475 million TUNIS (capital) (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {
@ -431,7 +431,7 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "70.2% of total population (2022)"
"text": "70.5% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "1.34% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"

6
africa/tz.json
View file

@ -204,14 +204,14 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "36.7% of total population (2022)"
"text": "37.4% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "4.89% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "262,000 Dodoma (legislative capital) (2018), 7.405 million DAR ES SALAAM (administrative capital), 1.245 million Mwanza, 766,000 Zanzibar (2022)"
"text": "262,000 Dodoma (legislative capital) (2018), 7.776 million DAR ES SALAAM (administrative capital), 1.311 million Mwanza, 800,000 Zanzibar (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {
@ -473,7 +473,7 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "36.7% of total population (2022)"
"text": "37.4% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "4.89% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"

10
africa/ug.json
View file

@ -186,14 +186,14 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "26.2% of total population (2022)"
"text": "26.8% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "5.41% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "3.652 million KAMPALA (capital) (2022)"
"text": "3.846 million KAMPALA (capital) (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {
@ -321,7 +321,7 @@
"animal contact diseases": {
"text": "rabies"
},
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>on 18 November 2022, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued an updated Travel Alert for polio in Africa; Uganda is currently considered a high risk to travelers for circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPV); vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) is a strain of the weakened poliovirus that was initially included in oral polio vaccine (OPV) and <em>that has changed over time and behaves more like the wild or naturally occurring virus</em>; this means it can be spread more easily to people who are unvaccinated against polio and who come in contact with the stool or respiratory secretions, such as from a sneeze, of an “infected” person who received oral polio vaccine; the CDC recommends that before any international travel, anyone unvaccinated, incompletely vaccinated, or with an unknown polio vaccination status should complete the routine polio vaccine series; before travel to any high-risk destination, the CDC recommends that adults who previously completed the full, routine polio vaccine series receive a single, lifetime booster dose of polio vaccine<br><strong>note:</strong> on 15 November 2022, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued an updated Level Two Travel Alert (Practice Enhanced Precautions) for Ebola virus in Uganda, currently present in the following districts:  Wakiso, Kampala, Jinja, Masaka, Mubende, Kassandra, Kyegegwa, Kagadi, and Bunyangabu, and recommended that people avoid non-essential travel to these regions; this outbreak has been linked to the <em>Sudan ebolavirus </em>for which there are no vaccines or therapeutics approved for prevention or treatment of the <em>Sudan ebolavirus</em>; in addition, on 6 October 2022, the State Department issued a Level Three Travel Advisory to reconsider travel to Uganda and also announced the following \"The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and the CDC announced entrance screening for travelers who have been in Uganda in the last 21 days.  All U.S.-bound passengers who have been in Uganda at any point in the 21 days prior to their arrival will be routed to one of the following designated airports: New York (JFK), Newark (EWR), Atlanta (ATL), Chicago (ORD), or Washington (IAD), where they will undergo enhanced screening, including a health questionnaire and temperature checks. This applies to all passengers, including U.S. citizens, lawful permanent residents, and foreign nationals (to include Diplomatic and Official visas).\""
"note": "<strong>note 1: </strong>on 18 November 2022, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued an updated Travel Alert for polio in Africa; Uganda is currently considered a high risk to travelers for circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPV); vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) is a strain of the weakened poliovirus that was initially included in oral polio vaccine (OPV) and <em>that has changed over time and behaves more like the wild or naturally occurring virus</em>; this means it can be spread more easily to people who are unvaccinated against polio and who come in contact with the stool or respiratory secretions, such as from a sneeze, of an “infected” person who received oral polio vaccine; the CDC recommends that before any international travel, anyone unvaccinated, incompletely vaccinated, or with an unknown polio vaccination status should complete the routine polio vaccine series; before travel to any high-risk destination, the CDC recommends that adults who previously completed the full, routine polio vaccine series receive a single, lifetime booster dose of polio vaccine<br><strong>note 2:</strong> on 15 November 2022, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued an updated Level Two Travel Alert (Practice Enhanced Precautions) for Ebola virus in Uganda, currently present in the following districts: Mubende, Kyegegwa, Kassanda, Kagadi, Bunyangabu, Kampala, Wakiso, Masaka City, and Jinja, and recommended that people avoid non-essential travel to these regions; this outbreak has been linked to the <em>Sudan ebolavirus </em>for which there are no vaccines or therapeutics approved for prevention or treatment of the <em>Sudan ebolavirus</em>; in addition, on 6 October 2022, the State Department issued a Level Three Travel Advisory to reconsider travel to Uganda and also announced the following \"The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and the CDC announced entrance screening for travelers who have been in Uganda in the last 21 days.  All U.S.-bound passengers who have been in Uganda at any point in the 21 days prior to their arrival will be routed to one of the following designated airports: New York (JFK), Newark (EWR), Atlanta (ATL), Chicago (ORD), or Washington (IAD), where they will undergo enhanced screening, including a health questionnaire and temperature checks. This applies to all passengers, including U.S. citizens, lawful permanent residents, and foreign nationals (to include Diplomatic and Official visas).\""
},
"Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
"text": "5.3% (2016)"
@ -445,7 +445,7 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "26.2% of total population (2022)"
"text": "26.8% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "5.41% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
@ -477,7 +477,7 @@
"animal contact diseases": {
"text": "rabies"
},
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>on 18 November 2022, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued an updated Travel Alert for polio in Africa; Uganda is currently considered a high risk to travelers for circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPV); vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) is a strain of the weakened poliovirus that was initially included in oral polio vaccine (OPV) and <em>that has changed over time and behaves more like the wild or naturally occurring virus</em>; this means it can be spread more easily to people who are unvaccinated against polio and who come in contact with the stool or respiratory secretions, such as from a sneeze, of an “infected” person who received oral polio vaccine; the CDC recommends that before any international travel, anyone unvaccinated, incompletely vaccinated, or with an unknown polio vaccination status should complete the routine polio vaccine series; before travel to any high-risk destination, the CDC recommends that adults who previously completed the full, routine polio vaccine series receive a single, lifetime booster dose of polio vaccine<br><strong>note:</strong> on 15 November 2022, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued an updated Level Two Travel Alert (Practice Enhanced Precautions) for Ebola virus in Uganda, currently present in the following districts:  Wakiso, Kampala, Jinja, Masaka, Mubende, Kassandra, Kyegegwa, Kagadi, and Bunyangabu, and recommended that people avoid non-essential travel to these regions; this outbreak has been linked to the <em>Sudan ebolavirus </em>for which there are no vaccines or therapeutics approved for prevention or treatment of the <em>Sudan ebolavirus</em>; in addition, on 6 October 2022, the State Department issued a Level Three Travel Advisory to reconsider travel to Uganda and also announced the following \"The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and the CDC announced entrance screening for travelers who have been in Uganda in the last 21 days.  All U.S.-bound passengers who have been in Uganda at any point in the 21 days prior to their arrival will be routed to one of the following designated airports: New York (JFK), Newark (EWR), Atlanta (ATL), Chicago (ORD), or Washington (IAD), where they will undergo enhanced screening, including a health questionnaire and temperature checks. This applies to all passengers, including U.S. citizens, lawful permanent residents, and foreign nationals (to include Diplomatic and Official visas).\""
"note": "<strong>note 1: </strong>on 18 November 2022, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued an updated Travel Alert for polio in Africa; Uganda is currently considered a high risk to travelers for circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPV); vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) is a strain of the weakened poliovirus that was initially included in oral polio vaccine (OPV) and <em>that has changed over time and behaves more like the wild or naturally occurring virus</em>; this means it can be spread more easily to people who are unvaccinated against polio and who come in contact with the stool or respiratory secretions, such as from a sneeze, of an “infected” person who received oral polio vaccine; the CDC recommends that before any international travel, anyone unvaccinated, incompletely vaccinated, or with an unknown polio vaccination status should complete the routine polio vaccine series; before travel to any high-risk destination, the CDC recommends that adults who previously completed the full, routine polio vaccine series receive a single, lifetime booster dose of polio vaccine<br><strong>note 2:</strong> on 15 November 2022, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued an updated Level Two Travel Alert (Practice Enhanced Precautions) for Ebola virus in Uganda, currently present in the following districts: Mubende, Kyegegwa, Kassanda, Kagadi, Bunyangabu, Kampala, Wakiso, Masaka City, and Jinja, and recommended that people avoid non-essential travel to these regions; this outbreak has been linked to the <em>Sudan ebolavirus </em>for which there are no vaccines or therapeutics approved for prevention or treatment of the <em>Sudan ebolavirus</em>; in addition, on 6 October 2022, the State Department issued a Level Three Travel Advisory to reconsider travel to Uganda and also announced the following \"The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and the CDC announced entrance screening for travelers who have been in Uganda in the last 21 days.  All U.S.-bound passengers who have been in Uganda at any point in the 21 days prior to their arrival will be routed to one of the following designated airports: New York (JFK), Newark (EWR), Atlanta (ATL), Chicago (ORD), or Washington (IAD), where they will undergo enhanced screening, including a health questionnaire and temperature checks. This applies to all passengers, including U.S. citizens, lawful permanent residents, and foreign nationals (to include Diplomatic and Official visas).\""
},
"Food insecurity": {
"severe localized food insecurity": {

4
africa/uv.json
View file

@ -117,7 +117,7 @@
"text": "Mossi 52%, Fulani 8.4%, Gurma 7%, Bobo 4.9%, Gurunsi 4.6%, Senufo 4.5%, Bissa 3.7%, Lobi 2.4%, Dagara 2.4%, Tuareg/Bella 1.9%, Dioula 0.8%, unspecified/no answer 0.3%, other 7.2% (2010 est.)"
},
"Languages": {
"text": "French (official), native African languages belonging to Sudanic family spoken by 90% of the population"
"text": "Mossi 52.9%, Fula 7.8%, Gourmantche 6.8%, Dyula 5.7%, Bissa 3.3%, Gurunsi 3.2%, French (official) 2.2%, Bwamu 2%, Dagara 2%, San 1.7%, Marka 1.6%, Bobo 1.5%, Senufo 1.5%, Lobi 1.2%, other 6.6% (2019 est.)"
},
"Religions": {
"text": "Muslim 63.2%, Roman Catholic 24.6%, Protestant 6.9%, traditional/animist 4.2%, none 0.7%, unspecified 0.4% (2017-18 est.)"
@ -191,7 +191,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "3.056 million OUAGADOUGOU (capital), 1.074 million Bobo-Dioulasso (2022)"
"text": "3.204 million OUAGADOUGOU (capital), 1.129 million Bobo-Dioulasso (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {

2
africa/wa.json
View file

@ -203,7 +203,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "461,000 WINDHOEK (capital) (2022)"
"text": "477,000 WINDHOEK (capital) (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {

12
africa/za.json
View file

@ -193,14 +193,14 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "45.8% of total population (2022)"
"text": "46.3% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "4.15% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "3.042 million LUSAKA (capital) (2022)"
"text": "3.181 million LUSAKA (capital), 763,000 Kitwe (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {
@ -451,7 +451,7 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "45.8% of total population (2022)"
"text": "46.3% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "4.15% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
@ -1294,11 +1294,11 @@
}
},
"Trafficking in persons": {
"current situation": {
"text": "human traffickers exploit domestic and foreign victims in Zambia and Zambians abroad; most trafficking occurs within Zambia&rsquo;s borders, with traffickers exploiting women and children from rural areas in cities in domestic servitude or forced labor in agriculture, textile production, mining, construction, small businesses, such as bakeries, and forced begging; Jerabo gangs force Zambian children into illegal mining operations, such as loading stolen copper or crushing rocks; truck drivers exploit Zambian boys and girls in sex trafficking in towns along the Zimbabwean and Tanzanian borders, and miners exploit them in Solwezi; Zambian boys are exploited for sex trafficking in Zimbabwe and women and girls in South Africa; traffickers exploit victims from Tanzania and Malawi in the Zambian timber industry"
},
"tier rating": {
"text": "Tier 2 Watch List —<strong> </strong>Zambia does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking but is making efforts to do so; efforts included increasing law enforcement training, establishing two fast-track human trafficking courts, conducting awareness campaigns about human trafficking, slightly increasing prosecutions and convictions, and strengthening prison sentences given to traffickers; however; investigations of trafficking crimes and funding to shelters and other victim assistance programs decreased; authorities did not proactively screen for trafficking among vulnerable populations, including foreign nationals and those involved in commercial sex; authorities detained and deported potential trafficking victims involved in smuggling; the national inter-ministerial committee is weak in overseeing national anti-trafficking efforts and trends (2020)"
},
"trafficking profile": {
"text": "human traffickers exploit domestic and foreign victims in Zambia and Zambians abroad; most trafficking occurs within Zambia&rsquo;s borders, with traffickers exploiting women and children from rural areas in cities in domestic servitude or forced labor in agriculture, textile production, mining, construction, small businesses, such as bakeries, and forced begging; Jerabo gangs force Zambian children into illegal mining operations, such as loading stolen copper or crushing rocks; truck drivers exploit Zambian boys and girls in sex trafficking in towns along the Zimbabwean and Tanzanian borders, and miners exploit them in Solwezi; Zambian boys are exploited for sex trafficking in Zimbabwe and women and girls in South Africa; traffickers exploit victims from Tanzania and Malawi in the Zambian timber industry"
}
},
"Illicit drugs": {

12
africa/zi.json
View file

@ -187,14 +187,14 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "32.4% of total population (2022)"
"text": "32.5% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "2.41% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "1.558 million HARARE (capital) (2022)"
"text": "1.578 million HARARE (capital) (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {
@ -456,7 +456,7 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "32.4% of total population (2022)"
"text": "32.5% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "2.41% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
@ -1265,11 +1265,11 @@
}
},
"Trafficking in persons": {
"current situation": {
"text": "Zimbabwe is a source, transit, and destination country for men, women, and children subjected to forced labor and sex trafficking; Zimbabwean women and girls from towns bordering South Africa, Mozambique, and Zambia are subjected to forced labor, including domestic servitude, and prostitution catering to long-distance truck drivers; Zimbabwean men, women, and children experience forced labor in agriculture and domestic servitude in rural areas; family members may recruit children and other relatives from rural areas with promises of work or education in cities and towns where they end up in domestic servitude and sex trafficking; Zimbabwean women and men are lured into exploitative labor situations in South Africa and other neighboring countries"
},
"tier rating": {
"text": "Tier 3 - Zimbabwe does not fully comply with the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking and is not making significant efforts to do so; the government passed an anti-trafficking law in 2014 defining trafficking in persons as a crime of transportation and failing to capture the key element of the international definition of human trafficking – the purpose of exploitation – which prevents the law from being comprehensive or consistent with the 2000 UN TIP Protocol that Zimbabwe acceded to in 2013; the government did not report on anti-trafficking law enforcement efforts during 2014, and corruption in law enforcement and the judiciary remain a concern; authorities made minimal efforts to identify and protect trafficking victims, relying on NGOs to identify and assist victims; Zimbabwe’s 2014 anti-trafficking law required the opening of 10 centers for trafficking victims, but none were established during the year; five existing shelters for vulnerable children and orphans may have accommodated child victims; in January 2015, an inter-ministerial anti-trafficking committee was established, but it is unclear if the committee ever met or initiated any activities (2015)"
},
"trafficking profile": {
"text": "Zimbabwe is a source, transit, and destination country for men, women, and children subjected to forced labor and sex trafficking; Zimbabwean women and girls from towns bordering South Africa, Mozambique, and Zambia are subjected to forced labor, including domestic servitude, and prostitution catering to long-distance truck drivers; Zimbabwean men, women, and children experience forced labor in agriculture and domestic servitude in rural areas; family members may recruit children and other relatives from rural areas with promises of work or education in cities and towns where they end up in domestic servitude and sex trafficking; Zimbabwean women and men are lured into exploitative labor situations in South Africa and other neighboring countries"
}
},
"Illicit drugs": {

2
australia-oceania/aq.json
View file

@ -105,7 +105,7 @@
}
},
"Ethnic groups": {
"text": "Pacific Islander 92.6% (includes Samoan 88.9%, Tongan 2.9%, other .8%), Asian 3.6% (includes Filipino 2.2%, other 1.4%), mixed 2.7%, other 1.2% (2010 est.)",
"text": "Pacific Islander 88.7% (includes Samoan 83.2%, Tongan 2.2%, other 3.3%), Asian 5.8% (includes Filipino 3.4%, other 2.4%), mixed 4.4%, other 1.1% (2020 est.)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data represent population by ethnic origin or race"
},
"Languages": {

8
australia-oceania/as.json
View file

@ -134,15 +134,15 @@
}
},
"Ethnic groups": {
"text": "<p>English 36.1%, Australian 33.5%, Irish 11.0%, Scottish 9.3%, Chinese 5.6%, Italian 4.6%, German 4.5%, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander 2.8%, Indian 2.8%, Greek 1.8%, Dutch 1.6%</p> (2016 est.)",
"text": "<p>English 33%, Australian 29.9%, Irish 9.5%, Scottish 8.6%, Chinese 5.5%, Italian 4.4%, German 4%, Indian 3.1%, Australian Aboriginal 2.9%, Greek 1.7%, unspecified 4.7%<br><br></p> (2021 est.)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data represent self-identified ancestry, with the option of reporting two ancestries"
},
"Languages": {
"text": "English 72.7%, Mandarin 2.5%, Arabic 1.4%, Cantonese 1.2%, Vietnamese 1.2%, Italian 1.2%, Greek 1%, other 14.8%, unspecified 6.5% (2016 est.)",
"text": "English 72%, Mandarin 2.7%, Arabic 1.4%, Vietnamese 1.3%, Cantonese 1.2%, other 15.7%, unspecified 5.7% (2021 est.)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data represent language spoken at home"
},
"Religions": {
"text": "Protestant 23.1% (Anglican 13.3%, Uniting Church 3.7%, Presbyterian and Reformed 2.3%, Baptist 1.5%, Pentecostal 1.1%, Lutheran .7%, other Protestant .5%), Roman Catholic 22.6%, other Christian 4.2%, Muslim 2.6%, Buddhist 2.4%, Orthodox 2.3% (Eastern Orthodox 2.1%, Oriental Orthodox .2%), Hindu 1.9%, other 1.3%, none 30.1%, unspecified 9.6% (2016 est.)"
"text": "Protestant 23.1% (Anglican 13.3%, Uniting Church 3.7%, Presbyterian and Reformed 2.3%, Baptist 1.5%, Pentecostal 1.1%, Lutheran .7%, other Protestant 0.5%), Roman Catholic 22.6%, other Christian 4.2%, Muslim 2.6%, Buddhist 2.4%, Orthodox 2.3% (Eastern Orthodox 2.1%, Oriental Orthodox 0.2%), Hindu 1.9%, other 1.3%, none 30.1%, unspecified 9.6% (2016 est.)"
},
"Age structure": {
"0-14 years": {
@ -211,7 +211,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data include Christmas Island, Cocos Islands, and Norfolk Island"
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "5,151 million Melbourne, 5.057 million Sydney, 2.472 million Brisbane, 2.093 million Perth, 1.356 million Adelaide, 467,000 CANBERRA (capital) (2022)"
"text": "5.235 million Melbourne, 5.121 million Sydney, 2.505 million Brisbane, 2.118 million Perth, 1.367 million Adelaide, 472,000 CANBERRA (capital) (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {

4
australia-oceania/bp.json
View file

@ -178,7 +178,7 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "25.6% of total population (2022)"
"text": "26% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "3.57% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
@ -416,7 +416,7 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "25.6% of total population (2022)"
"text": "26% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "3.57% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"

4
australia-oceania/cq.json
View file

@ -175,7 +175,7 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "92% of total population (2022)"
"text": "92.1% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "0.36% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
@ -331,7 +331,7 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "92% of total population (2022)"
"text": "92.1% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "0.36% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"

8
australia-oceania/fp.json
View file

@ -474,10 +474,10 @@
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Assembly of French Polynesia or Assemblée de la Polynésie française (57 seats; elections held in 2 rounds; in the second round, 38 members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by a closed-list proportional representation vote; the party receiving the most votes gets an additional 19 seats; members serve 5-year terms; French Polynesia indirectly elects 2 senators to the French Senate via an electoral college by absolute majority vote for 6-year terms with one-half the membership renewed every 3 years and directly elects 3 deputies to the French National Assembly by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed for 5-year terms<br>French Polynesia indirectly elects 2 senators to the French Senate via an electoral college by absolute majority vote for 6-year terms with one-half the membership renewed every 3 years and directly elects 3 deputies to the French National Assembly by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed for 5-year terms"
"text": "unicameral Assembly of French Polynesia or Assembl&eacute;e de la Polyn&eacute;sie fran&ccedil;aise (57 seats; elections held in 2 rounds; in the second round, 38 members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by a closed-list proportional representation vote; the party receiving the most votes gets an additional 19 seats; members serve 5-year terms; French Polynesia indirectly elects 2 senators to the French Senate via an electoral college by absolute majority vote for 6-year terms with one-half the membership renewed every 3 years and directly elects 3 deputies to the French National Assembly by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed for 5-year terms"
},
"elections": {
"text": "Assembly of French Polynesia - last held on 22 April 2018 and 6 May 2018 (next to be held in 2023)<br>French Senate - last held on 28 September 2020 (next to be held on 30 September 2023)<br>French National Assembly - last held in 2 rounds on 12 and 19 June 2017 (next to be held in 2027)"
"text": "Assembly of French Polynesia - last held on 22 April 2018 and 6 May 2018 (next to be held in 2023)<br>French Senate - last held on 28 September 2020 (next to be held on 30 September 2023)<br>French National Assembly - last held in 2 rounds on 12 and 19 June 2022 (next to be held in 2027)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Assembly of French Polynesia - percent of vote by party - Tapura Huiraatira 45.1%, Popular Rally 29.3%, Tavini Huiraatira 25.6%; seats by party - Tapura Huiraatira 38, Popular Rally 11, Tavini Huiraatira 8; composition - men 27, women 30, percent of women 52.6%<br>French Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Popular Rally 1, People's Servant Party 1; composition - NA<br>French National Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Tavini Huiraatura 3; composition - NA"
@ -495,7 +495,7 @@
}
},
"Political parties and leaders": {
"text": "A Tia Porinetia [Teva ROHFRITSCH]<br>Alliance for a New Democracy or ADN (includes The New Star [Philip SCHYLE], This Country is Yours [Nicole BOUTEAU])<br>List of the People (Tapura Huiraatira) [Edouard FRITICH]<br>New Fatherland Party (Ai'a Api) [Emile VERNAUDON]<br>Our Home alliance<br>People's Servant Party (Tavini Huiraatira) [Oscar TEMARU]<br>Rally of the Maohi People (Amuitahiraʻa o te Nunaʻa Maohi)  [Gaston FLOSSE] (formerly known as Popular Rally (Tahoeraa Huiraatira))<br>Union for Democracy alliance or UPD [Oscar TEMARU]"
"text": "A Tia Porinetia [Teva ROHFRITSCH]<br>Alliance for a New Democracy or ADN (includes The New Star [Philip SCHYLE], This Country is Yours [Nicole BOUTEAU])<br>List of the People (Tapura Huiraatira) [Edouard FRITCH]<br>New Fatherland Party (Ai'a Api) [Emile VERNAUDON]<br>Our Home alliance<br>People's Servant Party (Tavini Huiraatira) [Oscar TEMARU]<br>Rally of the Maohi People (Amuitahiraʻa o te Nunaʻa Maohi)  [Gaston FLOSSE] (formerly known as Popular Rally (Tahoeraa Huiraatira))<br>Union for Democracy alliance or UPD [Oscar TEMARU]"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ITUC (NGOs), PIF (associate member), SPC, UPU, WMO"
@ -538,7 +538,7 @@
},
"Economy": {
"Economic overview": {
"text": "<p>Since 1962, when France stationed military personnel in the region, French Polynesia has changed from a subsistence agricultural economy to one in which a high proportion of the work force is either employed by the military or supports the tourist industry. With the halt of French nuclear testing in 1996, the military contribution to the economy fell sharply.</p> <p> </p> <p>After growing at an average yearly rate of 4.2% from 1997-2007, the economic and financial crisis in 2008 marked French Polynesia’s entry into recession. However, since 2014, French Polynesia has shown signs of recovery. Business turnover reached 1.8% year-on-year in September 2016, tourism increased 1.8% in 2015, and GDP grew 2.0% in 2015.</p> <p> </p> <p>French Polynesia’s tourism-dominated service sector accounted for 85% of total value added for the economy in 2012. Tourism employs 17% of the workforce. Pearl farming is the second biggest industry, accounting for 54% of exports in 2015; however, the output has decreased to 12.5 tons – the lowest level since 2008. A small manufacturing sector predominantly processes commodities from French Polynesia’s primary sector - 8% of total economy in 2012 - including agriculture and fishing.</p> <p> </p> <p>France has agreed to finance infrastructure, marine businesses, and cultural and ecological sites at roughly $80 million per year between 2015 and 2020. Japan, the US, and China are French Polynesia’s three largest trade partners.</p>"
"text": "<p>Since 1962, when France stationed military personnel in the region, French Polynesia has changed from a subsistence agricultural economy to one in which a high proportion of the work force is either employed by the military or supports the tourist industry. With the halt of French nuclear testing in 1996, the military contribution to the economy fell sharply.</p> <p> </p> <p>After growing at an average yearly rate of 4.2% from 1997-2007, the economic and financial crisis in 2008 marked French Polynesia’s entry into recession. However, since 2014, French Polynesia has shown signs of recovery. Business turnover reached 1.8% year-on-year in September 2016, tourism increased 1.8% in 2015, and GDP grew 2.0% in 2015.</p> <p> </p> <p>French Polynesia’s tourism-dominated service sector accounted for 85% of total value added for the economy in 2012. Tourism employs 17% of the workforce. Pearl farming is the second biggest industry, accounting for 54% of exports in 2015; however, the output has decreased to 12.5 tons – the lowest level since 2008. A small manufacturing sector predominantly processes commodities from French Polynesia’s primary sector - 8% of total economy in 2012 - including agriculture and fishing.</p> <p> </p> <p>France agreed to finance infrastructure, marine businesses, and cultural and ecological sites at roughly $80 million per year between 2015 and 2020. Japan, the US, and China are French Polynesia’s three largest trade partners.</p>"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity)": {
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2017": {

2
australia-oceania/nf.json
View file

@ -114,7 +114,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> respondents were able to identify up to two ancestries; percentages represent a proportion of all responses from people in Norfolk Island, including those who did not identify an ancestry; only top responses are shown"
},
"Languages": {
"text": "English (official) 44.9%, Norfolk (also known as Norfuk or Norf'k, which is a mixture of 18th century English and ancient Tahitian) 40.3%, Fijian 1.8%, other 6.8%, unspecified 6.2% (2016 est.)",
"text": "English (official) 44.9%, Norfolk (official; also known as Norfuk or Norf'k, which is a mixture of 18th century English and ancient Tahitian) 40.3%, Fijian 1.8%, other 6.8%, unspecified 6.2% (2016 est.)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data represent language spoken at home"
},
"Religions": {

6
australia-oceania/nh.json
View file

@ -182,7 +182,7 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "25.8% of total population (2022)"
"text": "26% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "2.55% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
@ -416,7 +416,7 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "25.8% of total population (2022)"
"text": "26% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "2.55% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
@ -1018,7 +1018,7 @@
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "for many years, GSM was the primary mobile technology for Vanuatu&rsquo;s 300,000 people; recent infrastructure projects have improved access technologies, with a transition to 3G and, to a limited degree, to LTE; Vanuatu has also benefited from the ICN1 submarine cable and the launch of the Kacific-1 satellite, both of which have considerably improved access to telecom services in recent years; Vanuatu&rsquo;s telecom sector is liberalized, with the two prominent mobile operators; while fixed broadband penetration remains low, the incumbent operator is slowly exchanging copper fixed-lines for fiber; a number of ongoing submarine cable developments will also assist in increasing data rates and reduce internet pricing in coming years (2021)"
"text": "for many years, 2G Global System for Mobile Communications was the primary mobile technology for Vanuatu&rsquo;s 300,000 people; recent infrastructure projects have improved access technologies, with a transition to 3G and, to a limited degree, to LTE; Vanuatu has also benefited from the ICN1 submarine cable and the launch of the Kacific-1 satellite, both of which have considerably improved access to telecom services in recent years; Vanuatu&rsquo;s telecom sector is liberalized, with the two prominent mobile operators; while fixed broadband penetration remains low, the incumbent operator is slowly exchanging copper fixed-lines for fiber; a number of ongoing submarine cable developments will also assist in increasing data rates and reduce internet pricing in coming years (2021)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line teledensity a bit over 1 per 100 and mobile-cellular just over 80 per 100 (2020)"

2
australia-oceania/nz.json
View file

@ -199,7 +199,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "1.652 million Auckland, 419,000 WELLINGTON (capital) (2022)"
"text": "1.673 million Auckland, 422,000 WELLINGTON (capital) (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {

4
australia-oceania/tl.json
View file

@ -161,7 +161,7 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "0% of total population (2022)"
"text": "0% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "0% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
@ -305,7 +305,7 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "0% of total population (2022)"
"text": "0% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "0% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"

6
australia-oceania/tn.json
View file

@ -178,7 +178,7 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "23.1% of total population (2022)"
"text": "23.2% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "0.99% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
@ -438,7 +438,7 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "23.1% of total population (2022)"
"text": "23.2% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "0.99% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
@ -1038,7 +1038,7 @@
},
"Telecommunication systems": {
"general assessment": {
"text": "high speed Internet provided by 3 MNOs, has subsequently allowed for better health care services, faster connections for education and growing e-commerce services; in 2018 new 4G LTE network; fixed-line teledensity has dropped given mobile subscriptions; mobile technology dominates given the island's geography; satellite technology is widespread and is important especially in areas away from the city; the launch in 2019 of the Kacific-1 broadband satellite has made broadband more widely available for around 89 remote communities (2020)"
"text": "high speed Internet provided by 3 Mobile Network Operators, has subsequently allowed for better health care services, faster connections for education and growing e-commerce services; in 2018 new 4G LTE network; fixed-line teledensity has dropped given mobile subscriptions; mobile technology dominates given the island's geography; satellite technology is widespread and is important especially in areas away from the city; the launch in 2019 of the Kacific-1 broadband satellite has made broadband more widely available for around 89 remote communities (2020)"
},
"domestic": {
"text": "fixed-line 7 per 100 persons and mobile-cellular teledensity 59 telephones per 100; fully automatic switched network (2020)"

4
australia-oceania/tv.json
View file

@ -180,7 +180,7 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "65.5% of total population (2022)"
"text": "66.2% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "2.08% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
@ -397,7 +397,7 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "65.5% of total population (2022)"
"text": "66.2% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "2.08% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"

4
australia-oceania/wf.json
View file

@ -170,7 +170,7 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "0% of total population (2022)"
"text": "0% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "0% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
@ -337,7 +337,7 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "0% of total population (2022)"
"text": "0% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "0% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"

12
central-america-n-caribbean/aa.json
View file

@ -107,8 +107,8 @@
}
},
"Ethnic groups": {
"text": "Aruban 66%, Colombian 9.1%, Dutch 4.3%, Dominican 4.1%, Venezuelan 3.2%, Curacaoan 2.2%, Haitian 1.5%, Surinamese 1.2%, Peruvian 1.1%, Chinese 1.1%, other 6.2% (2010 est.)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data represent population by country of birth"
"text": "Dutch 78.7%, Colombian 6.6%, Venezuelan 5.5%, Dominican 2.8%, Haitian 1.3%, other 5.1% (2020 est.)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data represent population by nationality"
},
"Languages": {
"text": "Papiamento (official) (a creole language that is a mixture of Portuguese, Spanish, Dutch, English, and, to a lesser extent, French, as well as elements of African languages and the language of the Arawak) 69.4%, Spanish 13.7%, English (widely spoken) 7.1%, Dutch (official) 6.1%, Chinese 1.5%, other 1.7%, unspecified 0.4% (2010 est.)"
@ -986,11 +986,11 @@
}
},
"Trafficking in persons": {
"current situation": {
"text": "<p>human traffickers exploit domestic and foreign victims; foreign men and women are subject to forced labor in Aruba’s services and construction sectors; Venezuelans overstaying visas are at risk of forced labor in domestic service, construction, and commercial sex; Chinese men and women and Indian men are subject to forced labor in retail businesses and domestic service; managers of some Chinese-owned grocery stores and restaurants exploit children through sex trafficking and forced labor</p>"
},
"tier rating": {
"text": "Tier 2 Watch List &mdash; Aruba does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking but is making significant efforts to do so; the government provided officials with anti-trafficking training, continued an awareness campaign, and continued to implement the 2018-2022 national action plan; however, officials investigated fewer trafficking cases and did not report prosecuting or convicting any traffickers; efforts were hindered by the conflation of trafficking with migrant smuggling; authorities also did not report identifying any victims, including Venezuelan migrants and refugees, who are vulnerable to trafficking (2020)"
"text": "Tier 2 Watch List &mdash; Aruba does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking but is making significant efforts to do so; the government identified more potential victims, investigated more trafficking cases, and produced a new awareness campaign; however, the government did not demonstrate overall increasing efforts, compared to the previous reporting period, on its anti-trafficking capacity; authorities did not prosecute or convict any traffickers for the third consecutive year and sometimes relied on victims to self-identify; efforts depended on ad hoc funding, limiting key initiatives; officials conflated trafficking in persons and migrant smuggling, hindering the effectiveness of anti-trafficking efforts; because the government has devoted significant resources to a plan that, if implemented, would constitute significant efforts to meet minimum standards, Aruba was granted a waiver per the TVPA and thus remained on the Tier 2 Watch List for a third consecutive year (2022)"
},
"trafficking profile": {
"text": "<p>human traffickers exploit domestic and foreign victims; traffickers exploit Venezuelan women in sex trafficking, and foreign men and women are subject to forced labor in Aruba’s services and construction sectors; Venezuelans overstaying visas are at risk of forced labor in domestic service, construction, and commercial sex; Chinese men and women and Indian men are subject to forced labor in retail businesses and domestic service; Arubans force Caribbean and South American women into domestic servitude; Officials reported increases in forced criminality, where traffickers compel victims to commit unlawful acts, such as robberies and drug-related offenses (2022)</p>"
}
},
"Illicit drugs": {

10
central-america-n-caribbean/ac.json
View file

@ -118,7 +118,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data represent population by ethnic group"
},
"Languages": {
"text": "English (official), Antiguan creole"
"text": "English (official), Antiguan Creole (an English-based creole)"
},
"Religions": {
"text": "Protestant 68.3% (Anglican 17.6%, Seventh Day Adventist 12.4%, Pentecostal 12.2%, Moravian 8.3%, Methodist 5.6%, Wesleyan Holiness 4.5%, Church of God 4.1%, Baptist 3.6%), Roman Catholic 8.2%, other 12.2%, unspecified 5.5%, none 5.9% (2011 est.)"
@ -1060,6 +1060,14 @@
"Disputes - international": {
"text": "<p>none identified</p>"
},
"Trafficking in persons": {
"tier rating": {
"text": "Tier 2 Watch list &ndash; Antigua and Barbuda does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking but is making significant efforts to do so; more trafficking cases were investigated, Family and Social Services officials were trained for the first time, and funding continued for the National Action Plan; however, the government did not identify any victims for the second consecutive year, nor initiate any prosecutions or convictions of traffickers; therefore Antigua and Barbuda was downgraded to Tier 2 Watch List (2022)"
},
"trafficking profile": {
"text": "traffickers exploit domestic and foreign victims in Antigua and Barbuda, and exploit victims from Antigua and Barbuda abroad; individuals from minority communities are at higher risk; documented and undocumented migrants from the Caribbean, notably Jamaica, Guyana, and the Dominican Republic, were victims of sex trafficking and forced labor; traffickers exploited victims in multiple-destination trafficking, arriving in Antigua and Barbuda for a few months before being exploited in other Caribbean countries such as St. Kitts and Nevis and Barbados. Sex trafficking, including girls, occurs in bars, taverns, and brothels; forced labor, including children, occurs in domestic service and retail stores, particularly family-owned businesses; Cuban and PRC nationals working in Antigua and Barbuda may have been forced to work by their own governments (2022)"
}
},
"Illicit drugs": {
"text": "<p>a transit point for cocaine and marijuana destined for North America, Europe, and elsewhere in the Caribbean</p>"
}

2
central-america-n-caribbean/cs.json
View file

@ -199,7 +199,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "1.441 million SAN JOSE (capital) (2022)"
"text": "1.462 million SAN JOSE (capital) (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {

8
central-america-n-caribbean/cu.json
View file

@ -198,7 +198,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "2.146 million HAVANA (capital) (2022)"
"text": "2.149 million HAVANA (capital) (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {
@ -1230,11 +1230,11 @@
"text": "<p>US Naval Base at Guantanamo Bay is leased to US and only mutual agreement or US abandonment of the facility can terminate the lease</p>"
},
"Trafficking in persons": {
"current situation": {
"text": "human traffickers exploit domestic and foreign victims in Cuba and Cubans abroad; individuals are forced or coerced into participating and threatened to stay in labor export programs, most notably foreign medical missions; sex trafficking and sex tourism occur within Cuba; traffickers exploit Cubans in sex trafficking and forced labor in South America, the Caribbean, Asia, Africa, the Mediterranean, and the US; foreigners from Africa and Asia are subject to sex trafficking and forced labor in Cuba to pay off travel debts; the government uses high school students in some rural areas to harvest crops without pay, claiming that the work is voluntary"
},
"tier rating": {
"text": "<p>Tier 3 — Cuba does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking and is not making significant efforts to do so; the government made some efforts to investigate, prosecute, and convict sex traffickers and sex tourists and identified and provided assistance to some victims; however, no efforts were made to address forced labor; there was a government policy or pattern to profit from labor export programs with strong indications of forced labor, particularly in foreign medical missions; authorities did not protect potential trafficking victims, leaving them at risk of being detained or charged for crimes their traffickers forced them to commit (2020)</p>"
},
"trafficking profile": {
"text": "human traffickers exploit domestic and foreign victims in Cuba and Cubans abroad; individuals are forced or coerced into participating and threatened to stay in labor export programs, most notably foreign medical missions; sex trafficking and sex tourism occur within Cuba; traffickers exploit Cubans in sex trafficking and forced labor in South America, the Caribbean, Asia, Africa, the Mediterranean, and the US; foreigners from Africa and Asia are subject to sex trafficking and forced labor in Cuba to pay off travel debts; the government uses high school students in some rural areas to harvest crops without pay, claiming that the work is voluntary"
}
},
"Illicit drugs": {

2
central-america-n-caribbean/dr.json
View file

@ -205,7 +205,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "3.458 million SANTO DOMINGO (capital) (2022)"
"text": "3.524 million SANTO DOMINGO (capital) (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {

2
central-america-n-caribbean/es.json
View file

@ -198,7 +198,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "1.111 million SAN SALVADOR (capital) (2022)"
"text": "1.116 million SAN SALVADOR (capital) (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {

2
central-america-n-caribbean/gt.json
View file

@ -203,7 +203,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "3.036 million GUATEMALA CITY (capital) (2022)"
"text": "3.095 million GUATEMALA CITY (capital) (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {

2
central-america-n-caribbean/ha.json
View file

@ -199,7 +199,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "2.915 million PORT-AU-PRINCE (capital) (2022)"
"text": "2.987 million PORT-AU-PRINCE (capital) (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {

2
central-america-n-caribbean/ho.json
View file

@ -206,7 +206,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "1.527 million TEGUCIGALPA (capital), 956,000 San Pedro Sula (2022)"
"text": "1.568 million TEGUCIGALPA (capital), 982,000 San Pedro Sula (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {

2
central-america-n-caribbean/jm.json
View file

@ -191,7 +191,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "595,000 KINGSTON (capital) (2022)"
"text": "597,000 KINGSTON (capital) (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {

4
central-america-n-caribbean/nn.json
View file

@ -148,7 +148,7 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "100% of total population (2022)"
"text": "100% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "1.16% annual rate of change (2020-25 est. est.)"
@ -283,7 +283,7 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "100% of total population (2022)"
"text": "100% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "1.16% annual rate of change (2020-25 est. est.)"

8
central-america-n-caribbean/nu.json
View file

@ -203,7 +203,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "1.083 million MANAGUA (capital) (2022)"
"text": "1.095 million MANAGUA (capital) (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {
@ -1229,11 +1229,11 @@
"text": "<p><em>Nicaragua-El Salvador-Honduras</em>: the 1992 ICJ ruling for El Salvador and Honduras advised a tripartite resolution to establish a maritime boundary in the Gulf of Fonseca, which considers Honduran access to the Pacific; the court ruled, rather, that the Gulf of Fonseca represents a condominium, with control being shared by El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua; the decision allowed for the possibility that the three nations could divide the waters at a later date if they wished to do so</p> <p><em>Nicaragua-Costa Rica</em><strong>: </strong>Nicaragua and Costa Rica regularly file border dispute cases with the ICJ over the delimitations of the San Juan River and the northern tip of Calero Island, virtually uninhabited areas claimed by both countries; there is an ongoing case in the ICJ to determine Pacific and Atlantic ocean maritime borders as well as land borders; in 2009, the ICJ ruled that Costa Rican vessels carrying out police activities could not use the river, but official Costa Rican vessels providing essential services to riverside inhabitants and Costa Rican tourists could travel freely on the river; in 2011, the ICJ provisionally ruled that both countries must remove personnel from the disputed area; in 2013, the ICJ rejected Nicaragua's 2012 suit to halt Costa Rica's construction of a highway paralleling the river on the grounds of irreparable environmental damage; in 2013, the ICJ, regarding the disputed territory, ordered that Nicaragua should refrain from dredging or canal construction and refill and repair damage caused by trenches connecting the river to the Caribbean and upheld its 2010 ruling that Nicaragua must remove all personnel; in early 2014, Costa Rica brought Nicaragua to the ICJ over offshore oil concessions in the disputed region; in 2018, the ICJ ruled that Nicaragua must remove a military base from a contested coastal area near the San Juan River, and that Costa Rica had sovereignty over the northern part of Isla Portillos, including the coast, but excluding Harbour Head Lagoon; additionally, Honduras was required to pay reparations for environmental damage to part of the wetlands at the mouth of the San Juan River</p> <p><em>Nicaragua-Colombia</em><strong>: </strong>Nicaragua filed a case with the International Court of Justice (ICJ) against Colombia in 2013 over the delimitation of the Continental shelf beyond the 200 nautical miles from the Nicaraguan coast, as well as over the alleged violation by Colombia of Nicaraguan maritime space in the Caribbean Sea, which contains rich oil and fish resources; as of September 2021, Colombia refuses to abide by the ICJ ruling</p> <p><em>Nicaragua-Honduras</em>: none identified</p>"
},
"Trafficking in persons": {
"current situation": {
"text": "human traffickers exploit domestic and foreign victims in Nicaragua and Nicaraguans abroad; women, children, and migrants are most at risk; women and children are subject to sex trafficking within the country and its two Caribbean autonomous regions, as well as&nbsp; in other Central American countries, Mexico, Spain, and the United States; traffickers used social media to recruit victims with promises of high-paying jobs in restaurants, hotels, construction, and security outside of Nicaragua where they are subjected to sex or labor trafficking; traffickers exploit children through forced participation in illegal drug production and trafficking; children and persons with disabilities are subjected to forced begging; Nicaragua is also a destination for child sex tourists from the United States, Canada, and Western Europe"
},
"tier rating": {
"text": "Tier 3 —<strong> </strong>Nicaragua does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking and is not making significant efforts to do so and was downgraded to Tier 3; the government identified slightly more victims than in the previous reporting period and prosecuted a trafficker; however, no traffickers were convicted and victim identification remained inadequate; authorities did not  investigate, prosecute, or convict government employees complicit in trafficking; the government provided no victim services; prosecution, protection, and prevention efforts in the two Caribbean autonomous regions of Nicaragua continued to be much weaker than in the rest of the country (2020)"
},
"trafficking profile": {
"text": "human traffickers exploit domestic and foreign victims in Nicaragua and Nicaraguans abroad; women, children, and migrants are most at risk; women and children are subject to sex trafficking within the country and its two Caribbean autonomous regions, as well as&nbsp; in other Central American countries, Mexico, Spain, and the United States; traffickers used social media to recruit victims with promises of high-paying jobs in restaurants, hotels, construction, and security outside of Nicaragua where they are subjected to sex or labor trafficking; traffickers exploit children through forced participation in illegal drug production and trafficking; children and persons with disabilities are subjected to forced begging; Nicaragua is also a destination for child sex tourists from the United States, Canada, and Western Europe"
}
},
"Illicit drugs": {

6
central-america-n-caribbean/pm.json
View file

@ -196,14 +196,14 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "69.1% of total population (2022)"
"text": "69.5% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "1.92% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "1.938 million PANAMA CITY (capital) (2022)"
"text": "1.977 million PANAMA CITY (capital) (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {
@ -444,7 +444,7 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "69.1% of total population (2022)"
"text": "69.5% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "1.92% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"

10
central-america-n-caribbean/rn.json
View file

@ -353,12 +353,12 @@
"text": "unicameral Territorial Council (23 seats; members directly elected by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed to serve 5-year terms); Saint Martin elects 1 member to the French Senate and 1 member (shared with Saint Barthelemy) to the French National Assembly"
},
"elections": {
"text": "Territorial Council - first round held on 20 March 2022 (next to be held in March 2027) and second round held on 27 March 2022"
"text": "Territorial Council - first round held on 20 March and second round held on 27 March2022 (next to be held in March 2027) and second round held on 27 March 2022"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Territorial Council - percent of vote by party (first round) - RSM 25.4%, UD 24.7%, HOPE 17.5%, Saint Martin with You 13.8%, Alternative 11.2%, Future Saint Martin 7.5%; percent of vote by party (second rate) - RSM and Alternative 49.1%, UD 33.3%, HOPE, Saint Martin with You, and Future Saint Martin 17.6%; seats by party - RSM and Alternative 15, UD 5, HOPE, Saint Martin with You, and Future Saint Martin 3;&nbsp;composition - men 13, women 10, percent of women 43.5%"
"text": "Territorial Council - percent of vote by party (first round) - RSM 25.4%, UD 24.7%, HOPE 17.5%, Saint Martin with You 13.8%, Alternative 11.2%, Future Saint Martin 7.5%; percent of vote by party (second round) - RSM and Alternative 49.1%, UD 33.3%, HOPE, Saint Martin with You, and Future Saint Martin 17.6%; seats by party - RSM and Alternative 16, UD 5, HOPE, Saint Martin with You, and Future Saint Martin 2; composition - men 13, women 10, percent of women 43.5%"
},
"note": "French Senate - held on 28 September 2014 (next to be held not later than September 2020) French National Assembly - last held on 11 and 18 June 2017 (next to be held by June 2022) French Senate - 1 seat: UMP 1 French National Assembly - 1 seat: UMP 1"
"note": "French Senate - last held on 27 September 2020 (next to be held not later than September 2023) French National Assembly - last held on 12 and 19 June 2022 (next to be held by June 2027) French Senate - 1 seat: UMP 1 French National Assembly - 1 seat: UMP 1"
},
"Political parties and leaders": {
"text": "Alternative [Valerie DAMASEAU]<br>Future Saint Martin (Avenir Saint Martin) [Yawo NYUIADZI]<br>Generation Hope or HOPE [Jules CHARVILLE]<br>Rassemblement Saint-Martinois or RSM [Louis MUSSINGTON] (formerly Movement for Justice and Prosperity or MJP)<br>Saint Martin with You [James HAMLET]<br>Union for Democracy or UD [Daniel GIBBS]"
@ -392,7 +392,7 @@
},
"Economy": {
"Economic overview": {
"text": "<p>The economy of Saint Martin centers on tourism with 85% of the labor force engaged in this sector. Over one million visitors come to the island each year with most arriving through the Princess Juliana International Airport in Sint Maarten. The financial sector is also important to Saint Martin’s economy as it facilitates financial mediation for its thriving tourism sector. No significant agriculture and limited local fishing means that almost all food must be imported. Energy resources and manufactured goods are also imported, primarily from Mexico and the US. Saint Martin is reported to have one of the highest per capita income in the Caribbean. As with the rest of the Caribbean, Saint Martin’s financial sector is having to deal with losing correspondent banking relationships.</p> <p> </p> <p>In September 2017, Hurricane Irma destroyed 95% of the French side of Saint Martin. Along the coastline of Marigot, the nerve center of the economy, the storm wiped out restaurants, shops, banks and open-air markets impacting more than 36,000 inhabitants.</p>"
"text": "<p>The economy of Saint Martin centers on tourism with 85% of the labor force engaged in this sector. Over one million visitors come to the island each year with most arriving through the Princess Juliana International Airport in Sint Maarten. The financial sector is also important to Saint Martin’s economy as it facilitates financial mediation for its thriving tourism sector. No significant agriculture and limited local fishing means that almost all food must be imported. Energy resources and manufactured goods are also imported, primarily from Mexico and the US. Saint Martin is reported to have one of the highest per capita income in the Caribbean. As with the rest of the Caribbean, Saint Martin’s financial sector is having to deal with losing correspondent banking relationships.</p> <p>In September 2017, Hurricane Irma destroyed 95% of the French side of Saint Martin. Along the coastline of Marigot, the nerve center of the economy, the storm wiped out restaurants, shops, banks and open-air markets impacting more than 36,000 inhabitants.</p>"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity)": {
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2005": {
@ -484,7 +484,7 @@
"text": "direct dial capability with both fixed and wireless systems (2018)"
},
"international": {
"text": "country code - 590;&nbsp;landing points for the SMPR-1, Southern Caribbean Fiber and the SSCS submarine&nbsp;cables providing connectivity to numerous Caribbean islands (2019)"
"text": "country code - 590; landing points for the SMPR-1, Southern Caribbean Fiber and the Saba, Statia Cable System submarine cables providing connectivity to numerous Caribbean islands (2019)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced a downturn, particularly in mobile device production; progress toward 5G implementation has resumed, as well as upgrades to infrastructure; consumer spending on telecom services has increased due to the surge in demand for capacity and bandwidth; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home is still evident, and the spike in this area has seen growth opportunities for development of new tools and increased services"
},

6
central-america-n-caribbean/rq.json
View file

@ -183,14 +183,14 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "93.6% of total population (2022)"
"text": "93.6% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "-0.12% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "2.443 million SAN JUAN (capital) (2022)"
"text": "2.440 million SAN JUAN (capital) (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {
@ -367,7 +367,7 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "93.6% of total population (2022)"
"text": "93.6% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "-0.12% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"

4
central-america-n-caribbean/sc.json
View file

@ -180,7 +180,7 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "31% of total population (2022)"
"text": "31.1% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "1.06% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
@ -389,7 +389,7 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "31% of total population (2022)"
"text": "31.1% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "1.06% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"

4
central-america-n-caribbean/st.json
View file

@ -180,7 +180,7 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "19% of total population (2022)"
"text": "19.2% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "0.98% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
@ -403,7 +403,7 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "19% of total population (2022)"
"text": "19.2% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "0.98% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"

8
central-america-n-caribbean/tb.json
View file

@ -336,18 +336,18 @@
"text": "French president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of French Ministry of Interior; president of Territorial Council indirectly elected by its members for a 5-year term; election last held on 27 March 2022 (next to be held in 2027)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<em>2022:</em> Xavier LEDEE (Saint Barth United) elected president; Territorial Council vote - 13 votes for, 6 blank votes<br><br><em>2017: </em>Bruno MAGRAS (Saint Barth First) elected president; Territorial Council vote - 14 out of 19 votes"
"text": "<em>2022:</em> Xavier LEDEE (Saint Barth United) elected president; Territorial Council vote - 13 votes for, 6 blank votes<br><em>2017: </em>Bruno MAGRAS (Saint Barth First) elected president; Territorial Council vote - 14 out of 19 votes"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "unicameral Territorial Council (19 seats; members elected by absolute majority vote in the first round vote and proportional representation vote in the second round; members serve 5-year terms); Saint Barthelemy indirectly elects 1 senator to the French Senate by an electoral college for a 6-year term and directly elects 1 deputy (shared with Saint Martin) to the French National Assembly"
"text": "unicameral Territorial Council (19 seats; members elected by absolute majority vote in the first-round vote and proportional representation vote in the second round; members serve 5-year terms); Saint Barthelemy indirectly elects 1 senator to the French Senate by an electoral college for a 6-year term and directly elects 1 deputy (shared with Saint Martin) to the French National Assembly"
},
"elections": {
"text": "Territorial Council - first round held on 20 March 2022 (next to be held in 2027); second round held on 27 March 2022<br>French Senate - election last held 24 September 2017 (next to be held in September 2020) <br>French National Assembly - election last held on 11 and 18 June 2017 (next to be held by June 2022)"
"text": "Territorial Council - first round held on 20 March 2022 (next to be held in 2027); second round held on 27 March 2022<br>French Senate - election last held on 24 September 2020 (next to be held in September 2023) <br>French National Assembly - election last held on 12 and 19 June 2022 (next to be held by June 2027)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "Territorial Council - percent of vote by party (first round) - SBA 46.2%, Saint Barth Action Equilibre 27.1%, Unis pour Saint Barthelemy 26.8%; percent of vote by party (second round) - Saint Barth Action Equilibre and Unis pour Saint Barthelemy 50.9%, SBA 49.2%, seats by party - Saint Barth Action Equilibre and Unis pour Saint Barthelemy 13, SBA 6; composition - men NA, women NA, percent of women NA% <br>French Senate - percent of vote by party NA; seats by party UMP 1 <br>French National Assembly - percent of vote by party NA; seats by party UMP 1"
"text": "Territorial Council - percent of vote by party (first round) - SBA 46.2%, Saint Barth Action Equilibre 27.1%, Unis pour Saint Barthelemy 26.8%; percent of vote by party (second round) - Saint Barth Action Equilibre and Unis pour Saint Barthelemy 50.9%, SBA 49.2%, seats by party - Saint Barth Action Equilibre and Unis pour Saint Barthelemy 13, SBA 6; composition - men NA, women NA, percent of women NA<br>French Senate - percent of vote by party NA; seats by party UMP 1 <br>French National Assembly - percent of vote by party NA; seats by party UMP 1"
}
},
"Political parties and leaders": {

6
central-america-n-caribbean/td.json
View file

@ -185,14 +185,14 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "53.3% of total population (2022)"
"text": "53.4% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "0.23% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "545,000 PORT-OF-SPAIN (capital) (2022)"
"text": "545,000 PORT-OF-SPAIN (capital) (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {
@ -400,7 +400,7 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "53.3% of total population (2022)"
"text": "53.4% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "0.23% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"

4
central-america-n-caribbean/tk.json
View file

@ -174,7 +174,7 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "94% of total population (2022)"
"text": "94.2% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "1.46% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
@ -337,7 +337,7 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "94% of total population (2022)"
"text": "94.2% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "1.46% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"

6
central-america-n-caribbean/uc.json
View file

@ -819,11 +819,11 @@
}
},
"Trafficking in persons": {
"current situation": {
"text": "human traffickers exploit domestic and foreign victims in Curacao; undocumented migrants, including the growing population of Venezuelans, are vulnerable to sex and labor trafficking; Curacaoan and foreign women and girls, mostly Dominican and Venezuelan, are exploited in sex trafficking; migrants from other Caribbean countries, South America, China, and India are subject to forced labor in construction, domestic servitude, landscaping, minimarkets, retail, and restaurants"
},
"tier rating": {
"text": "Tier 2 Watch List &mdash; Curacao does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking but it is making significant efforts to do so; the government prosecuted and convicted more traffickers than in the previous reporting period; however, authorities identified fewer victims, and assistance to victims was contingent upon their cooperation with law enforcement in prosecuting traffickers; victims who were in the country illegally, including Venezuelans, were at risk of deportation if they did not participate in trials against their traffickers; the government did not operate centers for trafficking victims but provided some funding to NGOs and international organizations to care for victims (2020)"
},
"trafficking profile": {
"text": "human traffickers exploit domestic and foreign victims in Curacao; undocumented migrants, including the growing population of Venezuelans, are vulnerable to sex and labor trafficking; Curacaoan and foreign women and girls, mostly Dominican and Venezuelan, are exploited in sex trafficking; migrants from other Caribbean countries, South America, China, and India are subject to forced labor in construction, domestic servitude, landscaping, minimarkets, retail, and restaurants"
}
},
"Illicit drugs": {

2
central-america-n-caribbean/vi.json
View file

@ -111,7 +111,7 @@
"text": "African/Black 76.3%, Latino 5.5%, White 5.4%, mixed 5.3%, Indian 2.1%, East Indian 1.6%, other 3%, unspecified 0.8% (2010 est.)"
},
"Languages": {
"text": "English (official)"
"text": "English (official), Virgin Islands Creole"
},
"Religions": {
"text": "Protestant 70.2% (Methodist 17.6%, Church of God 10.4%, Anglican 9.5%, Seventh Day Adventist 9.0%, Pentecostal 8.2%, Baptist 7.4%, New Testament Church of God 6.9%, other Protestant 1.2%), Roman Catholic 8.9%, Jehovah's Witness 2.5%, Hindu 1.9%, other 6.2%, none 7.9%, unspecified 2.4% (2010 est.)"

4
central-america-n-caribbean/vq.json
View file

@ -175,7 +175,7 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "96.1% of total population (2022)"
"text": "96.2% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "-0.11% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
@ -331,7 +331,7 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "96.1% of total population (2022)"
"text": "96.2% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "-0.11% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"

2
central-asia/kg.json
View file

@ -201,7 +201,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "1.082 million BISHKEK (capital) (2022)"
"text": "1.105 million BISHKEK (capital) (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {

2
central-asia/kz.json
View file

@ -204,7 +204,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "1.958 million Almaty, 1.254 million NUR-SULTAN (capital), 1.126 million Shimkent (2022)"
"text": "1.987 million Almaty, 1.291 million NUR-SULTAN (capital), 1.155 million Shimkent (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {

18
central-asia/rs.json
View file

@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
{
"Introduction": {
"Background": {
"text": "<p>Founded in the 12th century, the Principality of Muscovy was able to emerge from over 200 years of Mongol domination (13th-15th centuries) and to gradually conquer and absorb surrounding principalities. In the early 17th century, a new ROMANOV Dynasty continued this policy of expansion across Siberia to the Pacific. Under PETER I (ruled 1682-1725), hegemony was extended to the Baltic Sea and the country was renamed the Russian Empire. During the 19th century, more territorial acquisitions were made in Europe and Asia. Defeat in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-05 contributed to the Revolution of 1905, which resulted in the formation of a parliament and other reforms. Devastating defeats and food shortages in World War I led to widespread rioting in the major cities of the Russian Empire and to the overthrow in 1917 of the ROMANOV Dynasty. The communists under Vladimir LENIN seized power soon after and formed the USSR. The brutal rule of Iosif STALIN (1928-53) strengthened communist rule and Russian dominance of the Soviet Union at a cost of tens of millions of lives. After defeating Germany in World War II as part of an alliance with the US (1939-1945), the USSR expanded its territory and influence in Eastern Europe and emerged as a global power. The USSR was the principal adversary of the US during the Cold War (1947-1991). The Soviet economy and society stagnated in the decades following Stalin's rule, until General Secretary Mikhail GORBACHEV (1985-91) introduced glasnost (openness) and perestroika (restructuring) in an attempt to modernize communism, but his initiatives inadvertently released forces that by December 1991 led to the dissolution of the USSR into Russia and 14 other independent states.</p> <p>Following economic and political turmoil during President Boris YELTSIN's term (1991-99), Russia shifted toward a centralized authoritarian state under President Vladimir PUTIN (2000-2008, 2012-present) in which the regime seeks to legitimize its rule through managed elections, populist appeals, a foreign policy focused on enhancing the country's geopolitical influence, and commodity-based economic growth. Russia faces a largely subdued rebel movement in Chechnya and some other surrounding regions, although violence still occurs throughout the North Caucasus.</p>"
"text": "<p>Founded in the 12th century, the Principality of Muscovy was able to emerge from over 200 years of Mongol domination (13th-15th centuries) and to gradually conquer and absorb surrounding principalities. In the early 17th century, a new ROMANOV Dynasty continued this policy of expansion across Siberia to the Pacific. Under PETER I (ruled 1682-1725), hegemony was extended to the Baltic Sea and the country was renamed the Russian Empire. During the 19th century, more territorial acquisitions were made in Europe and Asia. Defeat in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-05 contributed to the Revolution of 1905, which resulted in the formation of a parliament and other reforms. Devastating defeats and food shortages in World War I led to widespread rioting in the major cities of the Russian Empire and to the overthrow in 1917 of the ROMANOV Dynasty. The communists under Vladimir LENIN seized power soon after and formed the USSR. The brutal rule of Iosif STALIN (1928-53) strengthened communist rule and Russian dominance of the Soviet Union at a cost of tens of millions of lives. After defeating Germany in World War II as part of an alliance with the US (1939-1945), the USSR expanded its territory and influence in Eastern Europe and emerged as a global power. The USSR was the principal adversary of the US during the Cold War (1947-1991). The Soviet economy and society stagnated in the decades following Stalin's rule, until General Secretary Mikhail GORBACHEV (1985-91) introduced glasnost (openness) and perestroika (restructuring) in an attempt to modernize communism, but his initiatives inadvertently released forces that by December 1991 led to the dissolution of the USSR into Russia and 14 other independent states.</p> <p>Following economic and political turmoil during President Boris YELTSIN's term (1991-99), Russia shifted toward a centralized authoritarian state under President Vladimir PUTIN (2000-2008, 2012-present) in which the regime seeks to legitimize its rule through managed elections, populist appeals, a foreign policy focused on enhancing the country's geopolitical influence, and commodity-based economic growth. <br><br>In 2014, Russia annexed Ukraine's Crimean Peninsula as well as large portions of two eastern Ukrainian oblasts. In desultory fighting over the next eight years, more than 14,000 civilians were killed or wounded as a result of the Russian intervention in eastern Ukraine. On 24 February 2022, Russia escalated its conflict with Ukraine by invading the country on several fronts in what has become the largest conventional military attack on a sovereign state in Europe since World War II. The invasion has received near universal international condemnation, and many countries have imposed sanctions on Russia and supplied humanitarian and military aid to Ukraine. Russia made substantial gains in the early weeks of the invasion but underestimated Ukrainian resolve and combat capabilities. By the end of 2022, Ukrainian forces had regained all territories in the north and northeast of their country and made some advances in the east and south. Nonetheless, Russia in late September 2022 unilaterally declared its annexation of four Ukrainian oblasts - Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk, and Zaporizhzhia - even though none was fully under Russian control. The annexations remain unrecognized by the international community.<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> </p>"
}
},
"Geography": {
@ -210,14 +210,14 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "75.1% of total population (2022)"
"text": "75.3% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "0.11% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "12.641 million MOSCOW (capital), 5.536 million Saint Petersburg, 1.686 million Novosibirsk, 1.521 million Yekaterinburg, 1.286 million Kazan, 1.253 million Nizhniy Novgorod (2022)"
"text": "12.680 million MOSCOW (capital), 5.561 million Saint Petersburg, 1.695 million Novosibirsk, 1.528 million Yekaterinburg, 1.292 million Kazan, 1.251 million Nizhniy Novgorod (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {
@ -463,7 +463,7 @@
},
"Urbanization": {
"urban population": {
"text": "75.1% of total population (2022)"
"text": "75.3% of total population (2023)"
},
"rate of urbanization": {
"text": "0.11% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
@ -1325,8 +1325,8 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "prior to Russia's invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, approximately 850,000 active-duty troops (300,000 Ground Troops; 40,000 Airborne Troops; 150,000 Navy; 160,000 Aerospace Forces; 70,000 Strategic Rocket Forces; approximately 20,000 special operations forces; approximately 100,000 other uniformed personnel (command and control, cyber, support, logistics, security, etc.); estimated 200-250,000 Federal National Guard Troops (Feb 2022)",
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>in September 2022, the Russian Government called up 300,000 reservists to active military duty to support the war in Ukraine, and in August 2022 ordered the military to increase the total number of armed forces personnel by 137,000"
"text": "prior to Russia's invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, approximately 850,000 active-duty troops (300,000 Ground Troops; 40,000 Airborne Troops; 150,000 Navy; 160,000 Aerospace Forces; 70,000 Strategic Rocket Forces; approximately 20,000 special operations forces; approximately 100,000 other uniformed personnel (command and control, cyber, support, logistics, security, etc.); estimated 200-250,000 Federal National Guard Troops (2022)",
"note": "<strong>note 1: </strong>in September 2022, the Russian Government called up 300,000 reservists to active military duty to support the war in Ukraine, and in August 2022 ordered the military to increase the total number of armed forces personnel by 137,000<br><br><strong>note 2: </strong>as of late 2022, Russia was estimated to have as many as 50,000 private military contractors fighting in Ukraine"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the Russian Federation's military and paramilitary services are equipped with domestically produced weapons systems, although since 2010 Russia has imported limited amounts of military hardware from several countries, including Czechia, France, Iran, Israel, Italy, Turkey, and Ukraine; the Russian defense industry is capable of designing, developing, and producing a full range of advanced air, land, missile, and naval systems; Russia is the world's second largest exporter of military hardware (2022)"
@ -1362,11 +1362,11 @@
}
},
"Trafficking in persons": {
"current situation": {
"text": "Russia is a source, transit, and destination country for men, women, and children who are subjected to forced labor and sex trafficking, although labor trafficking is the predominant problem; people from Russia and other countries in Europe, Central Asia, Southeast Asia and Asia, including Vietnam and North Korea, are subjected to conditions of forced labor in Russia&rsquo;s construction, manufacturing, agriculture, repair shop, and domestic services industries, as well as forced begging and narcotics cultivation; North Koreans contracted under bilateral government arrangements to work in the timber industry in the Russian Far East reportedly are subjected to forced labor; Russian women and children were reported to be victims of sex trafficking in Russia, Northeast Asia, Europe, Central Asia, and the Middle East, while women from European, African, and Central Asian countries were reportedly forced into prostitution in Russia"
},
"tier rating": {
"text": "Tier 3 &mdash; Russia does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking, is not making significant efforts to do, and remains in Tier 3; the government took some steps to address trafficking by convicting some traffickers, facilitating the return of Russian children from Iraq and Syria, and identifying some victims, including foreign nationals; however, there was a government policy of forced labor, the number of victims identified was negligible, and authorities penalized potential victims without screening for signs of trafficking; the government offered no funding or programs for trafficking victims&rsquo; rehabilitation, prosecutions remained low compared with the scope of Russia&rsquo;s trafficking problem, no national anti-trafficking strategy has been drafted, and government agencies have not been assigned roles or responsibilities (2020)"
},
"trafficking profile": {
"text": "Russia is a source, transit, and destination country for men, women, and children who are subjected to forced labor and sex trafficking, although labor trafficking is the predominant problem; people from Russia and other countries in Europe, Central Asia, Southeast Asia and Asia, including Vietnam and North Korea, are subjected to conditions of forced labor in Russia&rsquo;s construction, manufacturing, agriculture, repair shop, and domestic services industries, as well as forced begging and narcotics cultivation; North Koreans contracted under bilateral government arrangements to work in the timber industry in the Russian Far East reportedly are subjected to forced labor; Russian women and children were reported to be victims of sex trafficking in Russia, Northeast Asia, Europe, Central Asia, and the Middle East, while women from European, African, and Central Asian countries were reportedly forced into prostitution in Russia"
}
},
"Illicit drugs": {

4
central-asia/ti.json
View file

@ -197,7 +197,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "962,000 DUSHANBE (capital) (2022)"
"text": "987,000 DUSHANBE (capital) (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {
@ -1201,7 +1201,7 @@
"text": "the military's inventory is comprised of older Russian and Soviet-era equipment; it has received limited quantities of weapons systems since 2010, most of which was second-hand material from Russia (2021)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-27 years of age for compulsory or voluntary military service for men; 24-month conscript service obligation; in August 2021, the Tajik Government began allowing men to pay a fee in order to avoid conscription (2022)"
"text": "18-27 years of age for compulsory or voluntary military service for men; women may volunteer; 24-month conscript service obligation; in August 2021, the Tajik Government began allowing men to pay a fee in order to avoid conscription (2022)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "Tajikistan has been a member of the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) since 1994 and contributes troops to CSTO's rapid reaction force (2022)"

8
central-asia/tx.json
View file

@ -202,7 +202,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "883,000 ASHGABAT (capital) (2022)"
"text": "902,000 ASHGABAT (capital) (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {
@ -1209,11 +1209,11 @@
}
},
"Trafficking in persons": {
"current situation": {
"text": "Turkmenistan is a source, and to a much lesser degree, destination country for men, women, and children who are subjected to forced labor and sex trafficking; Turkmen in search of work in other countries are forced to work in textile sweatshops, construction, and domestic service; some Turkmen women and girls are sex trafficked abroad; Turkey is the primary trafficking destination, followed by Russia, India, and other countries in the Middle East, South and Central Asia, and Europe; labor trafficking occurs within Turkmenistan, particularly in the construction industry; government officials require employees in private sector institutions, soldiers, and public sector workers to pick cotton without payment under the threat of penalty, such as dismissal, reduced work hours, or salary deductions to meet government-imposed quotas for the cotton harvest"
},
"tier rating": {
"text": "Tier 3 &mdash; Turkmenistan does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking and is not making significant efforts to do so; the government approved the 2020-2022 national action plan, continued anti-trafficking awareness campaigns, worked with international organizations on combating trafficking, provided training to its diplomatic corps on human trafficking, and identified potential trafficking victims at the international airport; however, the &nbsp;government used forced labor in the cotton harvest and public works projects; no officials were held accountable for their role in trafficking crimes; authorities did not prosecute or convict any traffickers; no victims were identified and offered protection or assistance programs (2020)"
},
"trafficking profile": {
"text": "Turkmenistan is a source, and to a much lesser degree, destination country for men, women, and children who are subjected to forced labor and sex trafficking; Turkmen in search of work in other countries are forced to work in textile sweatshops, construction, and domestic service; some Turkmen women and girls are sex trafficked abroad; Turkey is the primary trafficking destination, followed by Russia, India, and other countries in the Middle East, South and Central Asia, and Europe; labor trafficking occurs within Turkmenistan, particularly in the construction industry; government officials require employees in private sector institutions, soldiers, and public sector workers to pick cotton without payment under the threat of penalty, such as dismissal, reduced work hours, or salary deductions to meet government-imposed quotas for the cotton harvest"
}
},
"Illicit drugs": {

2
central-asia/uz.json
View file

@ -196,7 +196,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "2.574 million TASHKENT (capital) (2022)"
"text": "2.603 million TASHKENT (capital) (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {

8
east-n-southeast-asia/bm.json
View file

@ -210,7 +210,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "5.514 million RANGOON (Yangon) (capital), 1.501 million Mandalay (2022)"
"text": "5.610 million RANGOON (Yangon) (capital), 1.532 million Mandalay (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {
@ -1302,11 +1302,11 @@
}
},
"Trafficking in persons": {
"current situation": {
"text": "human traffickers exploit men, women, and children through forced labor, and women and children in sex trafficking in Burma and abroad; Burmese men are forced to work domestically and abroad in fishing, manufacturing, forestry, agriculture, and construction; fishermen are lured into forced labor in remote waters and offshore by recruitment agencies in Burma and Southeast Asia; Burmese women increasingly are lured to China for marriage under false pretenses and are subjected to sex trafficking, forced concubinage and childbearing, and forced domestic labor; men, women, and children in ethnic minority areas are at increased risk of sex trafficking and forced labor in farming, manufacturing, and construction; men and boys are recruited locally by traffickers for forced labor in oil palm, banana, and rubber plantations, in mining, fishing, and bamboo, teak, rice, and sugarcane harvesting; some military personnel, civilian brokers, border guard officials, and ethnic armed groups continue to recruit child soldiers, particularly in conflict areas"
},
"tier rating": {
"text": "Tier 3 &mdash; Burma does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking and is not making significant efforts to do so; authorities increased the investigation and prosecution of trafficking crimes, including those involving officials, and the investigation of forced labor in the fishing sector; the government identified and referred more victims to care and enacted legislation enhancing protections for child victims; however, a policy or pattern of forced labor existed; the use of children in labor and support roles by the military increased in conflict zones in Rakhine and Shan States; displacement resulting from military conflict made Rohingya and other ethnic groups vulnerable to human trafficking; the constitutionally guaranteed power of the military continued to limit the government&rsquo;s ability to address forced adult labor and child soldier recruitment; although authorities allocated increased funding to victim protection, most services to trafficking victims were provided by NGOs and foreign donors (2020)"
},
"trafficking profile": {
"text": "human traffickers exploit men, women, and children through forced labor, and women and children in sex trafficking in Burma and abroad; Burmese men are forced to work domestically and abroad in fishing, manufacturing, forestry, agriculture, and construction; fishermen are lured into forced labor in remote waters and offshore by recruitment agencies in Burma and Southeast Asia; Burmese women increasingly are lured to China for marriage under false pretenses and are subjected to sex trafficking, forced concubinage and childbearing, and forced domestic labor; men, women, and children in ethnic minority areas are at increased risk of sex trafficking and forced labor in farming, manufacturing, and construction; men and boys are recruited locally by traffickers for forced labor in oil palm, banana, and rubber plantations, in mining, fishing, and bamboo, teak, rice, and sugarcane harvesting; some military personnel, civilian brokers, border guard officials, and ethnic armed groups continue to recruit child soldiers, particularly in conflict areas"
}
},
"Illicit drugs": {

12
east-n-southeast-asia/bx.json
View file

@ -111,7 +111,7 @@
}
},
"Ethnic groups": {
"text": "Malay 65.8%, Chinese 10.2%, other 24% (2020 est.)"
"text": "Malay 67.4%, Chinese 9.6%, other 23% (2021 est.)"
},
"Languages": {
"Languages": {
@ -122,7 +122,7 @@
}
},
"Religions": {
"text": "Muslim (official) 80.9%, Christian 7.1%, Buddhist 7.1%, other (includes indigenous beliefs) 5% (2016 est.)"
"text": "Muslim (official) 82.1%, Christian 6.7%, Buddhist 6.3%, other 4.9% (2021 est.)"
},
"Demographic profile": {
"text": "<p>Brunei is a small, oil-rich sultanate of less than half a million people, making it the smallest country in Southeast Asia by population.  Its total fertility rate – the average number of births per woman – has been steadily declining over the last few decades, from over 3.5 in the 1980s to below replacement level today at nearly 1.8.  The trend is due to women’s increased years of education and participation in the workforce, which have resulted in later marriages and fewer children.  Yet, the population continues to grow because of the large number of women of reproductive age and a reliance on foreign labor – mainly from Malaysia, Thailand, the Philippines, Indonesia, and South Asian countries – to fill low-skilled jobs.</p> <p>Brunei is officially Muslim, and Malay is the official language.  The country follows an official Malay national ideology, Malay Islamic Monarchy, which promotes Malay language and culture, Islamic values, and the monarchy.  Only seven of Brunei’s native groups are recognized in the constitution and are defined as “Malay” – Brunei Malays, Belait, Kedayan, Dusun, Bisayak, Lun Bawang, and Sama-Baiau.  Together they make up about 66% percent of the population and are referred to as the Bumiputera.  The Bumiputera are entitled to official privileges, including land ownership, access to certain types of employment (Royal Brunei Armed Forces and Brunei Shell Petroleum), easier access to higher education, and better job opportunities in the civil service. </p> <p>Brunei’s Chinese population descends from migrants who arrived when Brunei was a British protectorate (1888 and 1984).  They are prominent in the non-state commercial sector and account for approximately 10% of the population.  Most Bruneian Chinese are permanent residents rather than citizens despite roots going back several generations.  Many are stateless and are denied rights granted to citizens, such as land ownership, subsidized health care, and free secondary and university education.  Because of the discriminatory policies, the number of Chinese in Brunei has shrunk considerably in the last 50 years.  Native ethnic groups that are not included in the Bumiputera are not recognized in the constitution and are not officially identified as “Malay” or automatically granted citizenship.  Foreign workers constitute some quarter of the labor force.</p>"
@ -190,7 +190,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "241,000 BANDAR SERI BEGAWAN (capital) (2011)",
"text": "266,682 BANDAR SERI BEGAWAN (capital) (2021)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the boundaries of the capital city were expanded in 2007, greatly increasing the city area; the population of the capital increased tenfold"
},
"Sex ratio": {
@ -1160,11 +1160,11 @@
}
},
"Trafficking in persons": {
"current situation": {
"text": "human traffickers exploit foreign victims in Brunei; some men and women who migrate to Brunei to work as domestics or in retail or construction are subject to involuntary servitude, debt-based coercion, contract switching, non-payment of wages, passport confiscation, physical abuse, or confinement; some female migrants entering Brunei on tourist visas are forced into prostitution; some traffickers use Brunei as a transit point for victims used for sex and labor trafficking in Malaysia and Indonesia"
},
"tier rating": {
"text": "Tier 2 Watch List &mdash; Brunei does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking but is making significant efforts to do so; the government enacted the 2019 Trafficking in Persons Order, which criminalized sex and labor trafficking and separated trafficking crimes from migrant smuggling crimes; the government formalized its interagency anti-trafficking in persons committee; instituted a committee to review foreign worker recruitment practices, ratified the ASEAN Convention against Trafficking in Persons, and acceded to the UN TIP Protocol; however, authorities did not formally identify any trafficking cases, did not initiate any new trafficking prosecutions, and did not convict any traffickers; trafficking victims continued to be detained, deported, and charged with crimes without law enforcement determining if they were forced to commit the illegal acts by traffickers; the government again did not allocate money to a fund established in 2004 for victim compensation and repatriation; a draft national action plan to combat trafficking was not completed for the sixth consecutive year (2020)"
},
"trafficking profile": {
"text": "human traffickers exploit foreign victims in Brunei; some men and women who migrate to Brunei to work as domestics or in retail or construction are subject to involuntary servitude, debt-based coercion, contract switching, non-payment of wages, passport confiscation, physical abuse, or confinement; some female migrants entering Brunei on tourist visas are forced into prostitution; some traffickers use Brunei as a transit point for victims used for sex and labor trafficking in Malaysia and Indonesia"
}
},
"Illicit drugs": {

8
east-n-southeast-asia/cb.json
View file

@ -212,7 +212,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "2.211 million PHNOM PENH (capital) (2022)"
"text": "2.281 million PHNOM PENH (capital) (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {
@ -1274,11 +1274,11 @@
}
},
"Trafficking in persons": {
"current situation": {
"text": "human traffickers exploit Cambodian men, women, and children in forced labor and sex trafficking in Cambodia and abroad, and foreign nationals are trafficked in Cambodia; Cambodian adults and children migrate to other countries in the region or increasingly to the Middle East where traffickers force them to work in agriculture, fishing, construction, manufacturing, and domestic servitude; significant numbers of Cambodian men and boys are subject to forced labor on Thai ships in international waters and may experience physical abuse, nonpayment or underpayment of wages, and confinement at sea for years; brick kiln owners exploit thousands of Cambodians, including children, through debt-based coercion; children from poor families are vulnerable to forced labor, often with the complicity of their parents, in domestic servitude, forced begging, or street vending in Thailand and Vietnam; Cambodian and ethnic Vietnamese women and girls from rural areas move to cities and tourist areas where they are sex trafficked"
},
"tier rating": {
"text": "Tier 2 Watch List &mdash; Cambodia does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking but is making significant efforts to do so; authorities continued to prosecute and convict traffickers and utilized new victim identification and data collection technologies; the government enacted a five-year national action plan to combat human trafficking; however, corruption continued to impede law enforcement efforts, criminal proceedings, and services to victims; some corrupt officials may have profited directly from sex and labor trafficking or accepted bribes to dismiss charges or reduce sentences; insufficient judicial monitoring systems enabled suspected traffickers to flee before trial; authorities failed to issue formal guidance allowing the use of undercover techniques in anti-trafficking investigations (2020)"
},
"trafficking profile": {
"text": "human traffickers exploit Cambodian men, women, and children in forced labor and sex trafficking in Cambodia and abroad, and foreign nationals are trafficked in Cambodia; Cambodian adults and children migrate to other countries in the region or increasingly to the Middle East where traffickers force them to work in agriculture, fishing, construction, manufacturing, and domestic servitude; significant numbers of Cambodian men and boys are subject to forced labor on Thai ships in international waters and may experience physical abuse, nonpayment or underpayment of wages, and confinement at sea for years; brick kiln owners exploit thousands of Cambodians, including children, through debt-based coercion; children from poor families are vulnerable to forced labor, often with the complicity of their parents, in domestic servitude, forced begging, or street vending in Thailand and Vietnam; Cambodian and ethnic Vietnamese women and girls from rural areas move to cities and tourist areas where they are sex trafficked"
}
},
"Illicit drugs": {

8
east-n-southeast-asia/ch.json
View file

@ -219,7 +219,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> data do not include Hong Kong and Macau"
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "28.517 million Shanghai, 21.333 million BEIJING (capital), 16.875 million Chongqing, 14.012 million Tianjin, 13.965 million Guangzhou, 12.831 million Shenzhen (2022)"
"text": "29.211 million Shanghai, 21.766 million BEIJING (capital), 17.341 million Chongqing, 14.284 million Guangzhou, 14.239 million Tianjin, 13.073 million Shenzhen (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {
@ -1328,11 +1328,11 @@
}
},
"Trafficking in persons": {
"current situation": {
"text": "human traffickers exploit domestic and foreign victims in China and Chinese people abroad; Chinese men, women, and children are victims of forced labor and sex trafficking in at least 60 countries; traffickers also use China as a transit point to subject foreign individuals to trafficking in other countries throughout Asia and in international maritime industries; state-sponsored forced labor is intensifying under the government&rsquo;s mass detention and political indoctrination campaign against Muslim minorities in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region; well-organized criminal syndicates and local gangs subject Chinese women and girls to sex trafficking within China; women and girls from South Asia, Southeast Asia, and several countries in Africa experience forced labor in domestic service, forced concubinism leading to forced childbearing, and sex trafficking via forced and fraudulent marriage to Chinese men; African and Asian men reportedly experience conditions indicative of forced labor aboard Chinese-flagged fishing vessels; many North Korean refugees and asylum-seekers living in China illegally are particularly vulnerable to trafficking"
},
"tier rating": {
"text": "Tier 3 &mdash; China does not fully meet the minimum standards for elimination of trafficking and is not making significant efforts to do so; the government prosecuted and convicted some traffickers and continued to cooperate with international authorities to address forced and fraudulent marriages in China; however, there was a government policy or pattern of widespread forced labor, including the continued mass arbitrary detention of more than one million Uyghurs, ethnic Kazakhs, ethnic Kyrgyz, and other Muslims in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region; the government did not report any investigations, prosecutions, or convictions of law enforcement officials allegedly complicit despite continued reports of officials benefiting from, permitting, or directly facilitating sex trafficking; authorities did not report identifying any trafficking victims or referring them to protective services; it is likely that law enforcement arrested and detained unidentified trafficking victims for crimes traffickers compelled them to commit; for the third consecutive year, the government did not report the extent to which it funded anti-trafficking activities in furtherance of the 2013-2020 National Action Plan on Combating Human Trafficking (2020)"
},
"trafficking profile": {
"text": "human traffickers exploit domestic and foreign victims in China and Chinese people abroad; Chinese men, women, and children are victims of forced labor and sex trafficking in at least 60 countries; traffickers also use China as a transit point to subject foreign individuals to trafficking in other countries throughout Asia and in international maritime industries; state-sponsored forced labor is intensifying under the government&rsquo;s mass detention and political indoctrination campaign against Muslim minorities in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region; well-organized criminal syndicates and local gangs subject Chinese women and girls to sex trafficking within China; women and girls from South Asia, Southeast Asia, and several countries in Africa experience forced labor in domestic service, forced concubinism leading to forced childbearing, and sex trafficking via forced and fraudulent marriage to Chinese men; African and Asian men reportedly experience conditions indicative of forced labor aboard Chinese-flagged fishing vessels; many North Korean refugees and asylum-seekers living in China illegally are particularly vulnerable to trafficking"
}
},
"Illicit drugs": {

8
east-n-southeast-asia/hk.json
View file

@ -187,7 +187,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "7.643 million Hong Kong (2022)"
"text": "7.685 million Hong Kong (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {
@ -1063,11 +1063,11 @@
"text": "<p>Hong Kong plans to reduce its 2,800-hectare Frontier Closed Area (FCA) to 400 hectares by 2015; the FCA was established in 1951 as a buffer zone between Hong Kong and mainland China to prevent illegal migration from and the smuggling of goods</p>"
},
"Trafficking in persons": {
"current situation": {
"text": "human traffickers exploit domestic and foreign victims in Hong Kong, and traffickers also exploit victims from Hong Kong abroad; traffickers exploit women from Eastern Europe, Africa, and Southeast Asia in sex trafficking; some women in Hong Kong &ndash; often with the assistance of their families &ndash; deceive Indian and Pakistani men into arranged marriages involving forced domestic service, bonded labor in construction and other physically demanding industries, and other forms of abuse via exploitative contracts; drug trafficking syndicates coerced South American women to carry drugs into Hong Kong; employment agencies hired foreign domestic workers under false pretenses and forced them into commercial sex, sometimes through debt-based coercion"
},
"tier rating": {
"text": "Tier 2 Watch List &mdash; &nbsp;Hong Kong does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking but is making significant efforts to do so; Hong Kong is hiring and training 98 new employees within the immigration, customs, labor, and justice departments dedicated to trafficking issues; authorities screened more than 7,000 vulnerable individuals for trafficking; the labor department introduced a victim identification mechanism to its division offices; the government provided anti-trafficking training to various officials; the government did not investigate, prosecute, or convict any cases of labor trafficking, investigated fewer sex trafficking cases, and did not provide victims any government-funded services; the government continued to penalize victims for unlawful acts traffickers compelled them to commit; no legislation was enacted to fully criminalize all forms of trafficking (2020)"
},
"trafficking profile": {
"text": "human traffickers exploit domestic and foreign victims in Hong Kong, and traffickers also exploit victims from Hong Kong abroad; traffickers exploit women from Eastern Europe, Africa, and Southeast Asia in sex trafficking; some women in Hong Kong &ndash; often with the assistance of their families &ndash; deceive Indian and Pakistani men into arranged marriages involving forced domestic service, bonded labor in construction and other physically demanding industries, and other forms of abuse via exploitative contracts; drug trafficking syndicates coerced South American women to carry drugs into Hong Kong; employment agencies hired foreign domestic workers under false pretenses and forced them into commercial sex, sometimes through debt-based coercion"
}
},
"Illicit drugs": {

2
east-n-southeast-asia/id.json
View file

@ -204,7 +204,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "11.075 million JAKARTA (capital), 3.622 million Bekasi, 3.005 million Surabaya, 2.942 million Depok, 2.638 million Bandung, 2.456 million Tangerang (2022)"
"text": "11.249 million JAKARTA (capital), 3.729 million Bekasi, 3.044 million Surabaya, 3.041 million Depok, 2.674 million Bandung, 2.514 million Tangerang (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {

2
east-n-southeast-asia/ja.json
View file

@ -200,7 +200,7 @@
}
},
"Major urban areas - population": {
"text": "37.274 million TOKYO (capital), 19.060 million Osaka, 9.572 million Nagoya, 5.503 million Kitakyushu-Fukuoka, 2.935 million Shizuoka-Hamamatsu, 2.669 million Sapporo (2022)"
"text": "37.194 million TOKYO (capital), 19.013 million Osaka, 9.569 million Nagoya, 5.490 million Kitakyushu-Fukuoka, 2.937 million Shizuoka-Hamamatsu, 2.666 million Sapporo (2023)"
},
"Sex ratio": {
"at birth": {

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