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europe/al.json
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@ -401,17 +401,6 @@
"text": "none of the selected agreements"
}
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "17.87 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "4.54 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "2.55 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Climate": {
"text": "mild temperate; cool, cloudy, wet winters; hot, clear, dry summers; interior is cooler and wetter"
},
@ -449,6 +438,17 @@
"Revenue from coal": {
"text": "0.03% of GDP (2018 est.)"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "17.87 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "4.54 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "2.55 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "1,142,964 tons (2015 est.)"
@ -1173,7 +1173,7 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Republic of Albania Armed Forces (Forcat e Armatosura të Republikës së Shqipërisë (FARSH)): Land Forces, Navy Forces (includes Coast Guard), Air Forces<br><br>Ministry of Interior: Guard of the Republic, State Police (includes the Border and Migration Police) (2022)",
"text": "Republic of Albania Armed Forces (Forcat e Armatosura të Republikës së Shqipërisë (FARSH); aka Albanian Armed Forces): Land Forces, Naval Force (includes Coast Guard), Air Forces; Ministry of Interior: Guard of the Republic, State Police (includes the Border and Migration Police) (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the State Police are primarily responsible for internal security, including counterterrorism, while the Guard of the Republic protects senior state officials, foreign dignitaries, and certain state properties"
},
"Military expenditures": {
@ -1197,14 +1197,14 @@
"text": "approximately 7,000 total active duty personnel (5,000 Army; 1,500 Navy; 500 Air Force) (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the Albanian military was previously equipped with mostly Soviet-era weapons that were sold or destroyed; its inventory now includes a mix of mostly donated and second-hand European and US equipment (2022)"
"text": "since joining NATO, the military has been in the process of modernizing by retiring its inventory of Soviet-era weapons and replacing them with Western equipment, including donated and secondhand purchases&nbsp; (2023)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "19 is the legal minimum age for voluntary military service; 18 is the legal minimum age in case of general/partial compulsory mobilization; conscription abolished 2010 (2021)",
"text": "18-27 (up to 32 in some cases) for voluntary military service for men and women; conscription abolished 2010 (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>as of 2021, women comprised about 15% of the military's full-time personnel, including 20% of the officers"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "Albania became a member of NATO in 2009; as of 2022, Greece and Italy were providing NATO's air policing mission for Albania"
"text": "Albania became a member of NATO in 2009"
}
},
"Terrorism": {

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europe/an.json
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@ -344,17 +344,6 @@
"text": "none of the selected agreements"
}
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "9.95 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "0.47 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "0.05 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Climate": {
"text": "temperate; snowy, cold winters and warm, dry summers"
},
@ -389,6 +378,17 @@
"Revenue from forest resources": {
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "9.95 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "0.47 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "0.05 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "43,000 tons (2012 est.)"
@ -838,7 +838,7 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "no regular military forces; Police Corps of Andorra"
"text": "no regular military forces; Police Corps of Andorra (under the Ministry of Justice and Interior)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "defense is the responsibility of France and Spain"

31
europe/au.json
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@ -386,17 +386,6 @@
"text": "Air Pollution-Multi-effect Protocol, Antarctic-Environmental Protection"
}
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "12.43 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "61.45 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "6.34 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Climate": {
"text": "temperate; continental, cloudy; cold winters with frequent rain and some snow in lowlands and snow in mountains; moderate summers with occasional showers"
},
@ -434,6 +423,17 @@
"Revenue from coal": {
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "12.43 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "61.45 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "6.34 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "4.836 million tons (2015 est.)"
@ -557,7 +557,7 @@
"text": "Chancellor Karl NEHAMMER (since 6 December 2021); note - Chancellor Alexander SCHALLENBERG resigned on 2 December 2021"
},
"cabinet": {
"text": "Council of Ministers chosen by the president on the advice of the chancellor"
"text": "Council of Ministers proposed by the chancellor and appointed by the president"
},
"elections/appointments": {
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term); elections last held on 9 October 2022 (first round), (second round, which was annulled), (next election to be held in 2028); chancellor appointed by the president but determined by the majority coalition parties in the Federal Assembly; vice chancellor appointed by the president on the advice of the chancellor"
@ -1191,7 +1191,8 @@
},
"Military and Security": {
"Military and security forces": {
"text": "Austrian Armed Forces: Land Forces, Air Forces, Cyber Forces, Special Forces (2023)"
"text": "Austrian Armed Forces (Bundesheer): Land Forces, Air Forces, Cyber Forces, Special Forces, Militia (reserves) (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the federal police maintain internal security and report to the Ministry of the Interior "
},
"Military expenditures": {
"Military Expenditures 2022": {
@ -1211,10 +1212,10 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 25,000 active duty personnel (20,000 Army; 5,000 Air Force) (2022)"
"text": "approximately 20-25,000 active duty personnel (includes active militia) (2023)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the military's inventory includes a mix of domestically produced and imported weapons systems from European countries and the US; the Austrian defense industry produces a range of equipment and partners with other countries (2022)"
"text": "the military's inventory includes a mix of domestically produced and imported weapons systems from European countries and the US; the Austrian defense industry produces a range of equipment and partners with other countries (2023)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "registration requirement at age 17, the legal minimum age for voluntary military service; men above the age of 18 are subject to compulsory military service; women may volunteer; compulsory service is for 6 months, or optionally, alternative civil/community service (Zivildienst) for 9 months (2023)",

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europe/be.json
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@ -386,17 +386,6 @@
"text": "none of the selected agreements"
}
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "12.88 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "96.89 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "7.78 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Climate": {
"text": "temperate; mild winters, cool summers; rainy, humid, cloudy"
},
@ -434,6 +423,17 @@
"Revenue from coal": {
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "12.88 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "96.89 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "7.78 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "4.708 million tons (2015 est.)"
@ -1236,7 +1236,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "20,086 (Syria), 7,049 (Afghanistan), 5,769 (Iraq) (mid-year 2022); 72,168 (Ukraine) (as of 9 May 2023)"
"text": "20,086 (Syria), 7,049 (Afghanistan), 5,769 (Iraq) (mid-year 2022); 72,397 (Ukraine) (as of 23 May 2023)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "1,190 (2022)"

26
europe/bk.json
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@ -379,17 +379,6 @@
"text": "none of the selected agreements"
}
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "27.25 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "21.85 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "2.92 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Climate": {
"text": "hot summers and cold winters; areas of high elevation have short, cool summers and long, severe winters; mild, rainy winters along coast"
},
@ -427,6 +416,17 @@
"Revenue from coal": {
"text": "0.34% of GDP (2018 est.)"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "27.25 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "21.85 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "2.92 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "1,248,718 tons (2015 est.)"
@ -1199,7 +1199,7 @@
"text": "approximately 9,000 active duty personnel (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the military's inventory is a wide mix of secondhand equipment mostly of French, Soviet, or US origin (2022)"
"text": "the military's inventory is a wide mix of secondhand equipment mostly of French, Soviet, or US origin (2023)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18 years of age for voluntary military service; mandatory retirement at age 35 or after 15 years of service for junior enlisted personnel, mandatory retirement at age 50 and 30 years of service for non-commissioned officers, mandatory retirement at age 55 and 30 years of service for all commissioned officers; conscription abolished in 2005 (2021)",
@ -1226,7 +1226,7 @@
"stateless persons": {
"text": "48 (2022)"
},
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>120,960 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-May 2023)"
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>121,540 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-May 2023)"
},
"Illicit drugs": {
"text": "<p>drug trafficking groups are major players in the procurement and transportation of large quantities of cocaine  destined for  European markets</p>"

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europe/bo.json
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@ -392,17 +392,6 @@
"text": "none of the selected agreements"
}
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "18.06 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "58.28 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "17.19 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Climate": {
"text": "cold winters, cool and moist summers; transitional between continental and maritime"
},
@ -440,6 +429,17 @@
"Revenue from coal": {
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "18.06 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "58.28 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "17.19 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "4.28 million tons (2015 est.)"
@ -1211,14 +1211,14 @@
"text": "approximately 45,000 active duty troops; information on the individual services varies, but reportedly includes about 25,000 Army, 15,000 Air/Air Defense, and 5,000 Special Operations forces (2022)"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the military's inventory is comprised mostly of Russian/Soviet-origin equipment, and in recent years Russia has continued to be the leading provider of arms; Belarus's defense industry manufactures some equipment (mostly modernized Soviet designs), including vehicles, guided weapons, and electronic warfare systems (2022)"
"text": "the military's inventory is comprised mostly of Russian/Soviet-origin equipment, and in recent years Russia has continued to be the leading provider of arms; Belarus's defense industry manufactures some equipment (mostly modernized Soviet designs), including vehicles, guided weapons, and electronic warfare systems (2023)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-27 years of age for compulsory military or alternative service; conscript service obligation is 12-18 months, depending on academic qualifications, and 24-36 months for alternative service, also depending on academic qualifications; 17-year-olds are eligible to become cadets at military higher education institutes, where they are classified as military personnel (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> conscripts can be assigned to the military, to the Ministry of Interior as internal or border troops, or to the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection (alternative service); as of 2020, conscripts comprised an estimated 40% of the military"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "Belarus has close security ties with Russia, including an integrated air and missile defense system, joint training exercises, and the establishment of three joint training centers since 2020 (1 in Belarus, 2 in Russia); Russia has been the principal supplier of arms to Belarus, and Belarusian troops reportedly train on Russian equipment; Russia leases from Belarus a strategic ballistic missile defense site operated by Russian Aerospace Forces and a global communications facility for the Russian Navy; in 2020, the countries signed an agreement allowing for close security cooperation between the Belarusian Ministry of Interior and the Russian National Guard, including protecting public order and key government facilities, and combating extremism and terrorism; in 2022, Belarus allowed Russian military forces to stage on its territory for its invasion of Ukraine and continues to supply arms and other aid to the Russian military<br><br>Belarus has been a member of the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) since 1994 and contributes an airborne brigade to CSTO's rapid reaction force (KSOR) (2023)"
"text": "Belarus has close security ties with Russia, including an integrated air and missile defense system, joint training exercises, and the establishment of three joint training centers since 2020 (1 in Belarus, 2 in Russia); Russia has been the principal supplier of arms to Belarus, and Belarusian troops reportedly train on Russian equipment; Russia leases from Belarus a strategic ballistic missile defense site operated by Russian Aerospace Forces and a global communications facility for the Russian Navy; in 2020, the countries signed an agreement allowing for close security cooperation between the Belarusian Ministry of Interior and the Russian National Guard, including protecting public order and key government facilities, and combating extremism and terrorism; in 2022, Belarus allowed Russian military forces to stage on its territory for its invasion of Ukraine and continues to supply arms and other aid to the Russian military; in 2023, Belarus allowed Russia to deploy nuclear munitions inside the country<br><br>Belarus has been a member of the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) since 1994 and contributes an airborne brigade to CSTO's rapid reaction force (KSOR) (2023)"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

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europe/bu.json
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@ -390,17 +390,6 @@
"text": "none of the selected agreements"
}
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "18.82 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "41.71 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "6.77 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Climate": {
"text": "temperate; cold, damp winters; hot, dry summers"
},
@ -438,6 +427,17 @@
"Revenue from coal": {
"text": "0.14% of GDP (2018 est.)"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "18.82 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "41.71 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "6.77 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "3.011 million tons (2015 est.)"
@ -1239,7 +1239,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "22,226 (Syria) (mid-year 2022); 50,576 (Ukraine) (as of 16 May 2023)"
"text": "22,226 (Syria) (mid-year 2022); 51,365 (Ukraine) (as of 23 May 2023)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "1,129 (2022)"

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europe/cy.json
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@ -390,17 +390,6 @@
"text": "none of the selected agreements"
}
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "16.79 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "6.63 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "0.86 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Climate": {
"text": "temperate; Mediterranean with hot, dry summers and cool winters"
},
@ -438,6 +427,17 @@
"Revenue from coal": {
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "16.79 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "6.63 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "0.86 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "541,000 tons (2015 est.)"
@ -1222,7 +1222,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "10,869 (Syria) (mid-year 2022); 16,281 (Ukraine) (as of 12 March 2023)"
"text": "10,869 (Syria) (mid-year 2022); 18,281 (Ukraine) (as of 14 May 2023)"
},
"IDPs": {
"text": "242,000 (both Turkish and Greek Cypriots; many displaced since 1974) (2021)"

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europe/da.json
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@ -385,17 +385,6 @@
"text": "Antarctic-Environmental Protection"
}
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "10.12 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "31.79 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "6.54 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Climate": {
"text": "temperate; humid and overcast; mild, windy winters and cool summers"
},
@ -433,6 +422,17 @@
"Revenue from coal": {
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "10.12 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "31.79 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "6.54 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "4.485 million tons (2015 est.)"
@ -646,7 +646,7 @@
},
"Economy": {
"Economic overview": {
"text": "longstanding EU leader; global environmental regulatory innovator; diversified trade-based economy, dominated by its services sector; increased government spending but retaining budget surpluses; increasing taxes and innovating emissions tax incentives"
"text": "diversified EU trade-based economy; environmental regulatory innovator; dominant services sector; increased government spending but retaining budget surpluses; currently high inflation; unique \"flexicurity\" labor market"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity)": {
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2021": {
@ -858,7 +858,7 @@
}
},
"Exports - partners": {
"text": "Germany 14%, United States 11%, Sweden 10%, United Kingdom 7%, Norway 6%, Netherlands 5%, China 5% (2019)"
"text": "Germany 14%, United States 10%, Sweden 10%, China 6%, Norway 5% (2021)"
},
"Exports - commodities": {
"text": "packaged medicines, pork, refined petroleum, electric generators, cheese (2021)"
@ -875,10 +875,10 @@
}
},
"Imports - partners": {
"text": "Germany 21%, Sweden 11%, Netherlands 8%, China 7% (2019)"
"text": "Germany 21%, Sweden 12%, China 9%, Netherlands 8%, Poland 4% (2021)"
},
"Imports - commodities": {
"text": "cars, refined petroleum, packaged medicines, crude petroleum, broadcasting equipment (2019)"
"text": "cars, packaged medicines, refined petroleum, crude petroleum, broadcasting equipment, computers (2021)"
},
"Reserves of foreign exchange and gold": {
"Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 31 December 2021": {
@ -1227,7 +1227,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "19,424 (Syria), 5,885 (Eritrea) (mid-year 2022); 42,226 (Ukraine) (as of 14 May 2023)"
"text": "19,424 (Syria), 5,885 (Eritrea) (mid-year 2022); 42,361 (Ukraine) (as of 21 May 2023)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "11,644 (2022)"

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europe/ee.json
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@ -251,11 +251,6 @@
"text": "Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds"
}
},
"Air pollutants": {
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "2,881.62 megatons (2016 est.)"
}
},
"Climate": {
"text": "cold temperate; potentially subarctic in the north to temperate; mild wet winters; hot dry summers in the south"
},
@ -265,6 +260,11 @@
"Revenue from coal": {
"text": "0.02% of GDP (2018 est.)"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "2,881.62 megatons (2016 est.)"
}
},
"Total renewable water resources": {
"text": "1.7 trillion cubic meters (2019)"
}
@ -311,47 +311,47 @@
},
"Constitution": {
"history": {
"text": "none; note - the EU legal order relies primarily on two consolidated texts encompassing all provisions as amended from a series of past treaties: the Treaty on European Union (TEU), as modified by the 2009 Lisbon Treaty states in Article 1 that \"the HIGH CONTRACTING PARTIES establish among themselves a EUROPEAN UNION ... on which the Member States confer competences to attain objectives they have in common\"; Article 1 of the TEU states further that the EU is \"founded on the present Treaty and on the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (hereinafter referred to as 'the Treaties'),\" both possessing the same legal value; Article 6 of the TEU provides that a separately adopted Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union \"shall have the same legal value as the Treaties\""
"text": "none; note - the EU legal order relies primarily on two consolidated texts encompassing all provisions as amended from a series of past treaties: the Treaty on European Union (TEU) and the Treaty on the Functioning of the EU (TFEU); The TEU as modified by the 2009 Lisbon Treaty states in Article 1 that \"the HIGH CONTRACTING PARTIES establish among themselves a EUROPEAN UNION ... on which the Member States confer competences to attain objectives they have in common\"; Article 1 of the TEU states further that the EU is \"founded on the present Treaty and on the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (hereinafter referred to as 'the Treaties'),\" both possessing the same legal value; Article 6 of the TEU provides that a separately adopted Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union \"shall have the same legal value as the Treaties\""
},
"amendments": {
"text": "European Union treaties can be amended in several ways: 1) Ordinary Revision Procedure (for key amendments to the treaties); initiated by an EU country&rsquo;s government, by the European Parliament, or by the European Commission; following adoption of the proposal by the European Council, a convention is formed of national government representatives to review the proposal and subsequently a conference of government representatives also reviews the proposal; passage requires ratification by all EU member states; 2) Simplified Revision Procedure (for amendment of EU internal policies and actions); passage of a proposal requires unanimous European Council vote following European Council consultation with the European Commission, the European Parliament, and the European Central Bank (if the amendment concerns monetary matters) and requires ratification by all EU member states; 3) Passerelle Clause (allows the alteration of a legislative procedure without a formal amendment of the treaties); 4) Flexibility Clause (permits the EU to decide in subject areas where EU competences have not been explicitly granted in the Treaties but are necessary to the attainment of the objectives set out in the Treaty); note - the Treaty of Lisbon (signed in December 2007 and effective in December 2009) amended the two treaties that formed the EU - the Maastricht Treaty (1993) and the Treaty of Rome (1958), known in updated form as the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union"
"text": "European Union treaties can be amended in several ways: 1) Ordinary Revision Procedure (for key amendments to the treaties); initiated by an EU member state, by the European Parliament, or by the European Commission; following adoption of the proposal by the European Council, a convention is formed of national government representatives to review the proposal and a conference of government representatives&nbsp; subsequently reviews the proposal; passage requires ratification by all EU member states; 2) Simplified Revision Procedure (for amendment of EU internal policies and actions); passage of a proposal requires unanimous European Council vote following European Council consultation with the European Commission, the European Parliament, and the European Central Bank (if the amendment concerns monetary matters) and requires ratification by all EU member states; 3) Passerelle Clause (allows the alteration of a legislative procedure without a formal amendment of the treaties); 4) Flexibility Clause (permits the EU to decide in subject areas where EU competences have not been explicitly granted in the Treaties but are necessary to the attainment of the objectives set out in the Treaty); note - the Treaty of Lisbon (signed in December 2007 and effective in December 2009) amended the two treaties that formed the EU - the Maastricht Treaty (1992), also known as the TEU,&nbsp; and the Treaty of Rome (1957), known in updated form as the TFEU"
}
},
"Legal system": {
"text": "unique supranational law system in which, according to an interpretive declaration of member-state governments appended to the Treaty of Lisbon, \"the Treaties and the law adopted by the Union on the basis of the Treaties have primacy over the law of Member States\" under conditions laid down in the case law of the Court of Justice; key principles of EU law include fundamental rights as guaranteed by the Charter of Fundamental Rights and as resulting from constitutional traditions common to the EU's 27 member states; EU law is divided into 'primary' and 'secondary' legislation; primary legislation is derived from the consolidated versions of the Treaty on European Union and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union and are the basis for all EU action; secondary legislation - which includes directives, regulations, and decisions - is derived from the principles and objectives set out in the treaties"
"text": "unique supranational system of laws in which, according to an interpretive declaration of member-state governments appended to the Treaty of Lisbon, \"the Treaties and the law adopted by the Union on the basis of the Treaties have primacy over the law of Member States\" under conditions laid down in the case law of the Court of Justice; key principles of EU jurisprudence include universal rights as guaranteed by the Charter of Fundamental Rights and as resulting from constitutional traditions common to the EU's 27 member states; EU law is divided into 'primary' and 'secondary' legislation; primary legislation is derived from the consolidated versions of the Treaty on European Union and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union and are the basis for all EU action; secondary legislation - which includes directives, regulations, and decisions - is derived from the principles and objectives set out in the treaties"
},
"Suffrage": {
"text": "18 years of age (16 years in Austria); universal; voting for the European Parliament is permitted in each member state"
},
"Executive branch": {
"text": "<p>under the EU treaties there are three distinct institutions, each of which conducts functions that may be regarded as executive in nature:<br><em>European Council </em>- brings together heads of state and government, along with the president of the European Commission, and meets at least four times a year; its aim is to provide the impetus for the development of the Union and to issue general policy guidelines; the Treaty of Lisbon established the position of \"permanent\" (full-time) president of the European Council; leaders of the EU member states appoint the president for a 2 1/2 year term, renewable once; the president's responsibilities include chairing the EU summits and providing policy and organizational continuity; the current president is Charles MICHEL (Belgium), since 1 December 2019, succeeding Donald TUSK (Poland; 2014 - 2019)<br><em>Council of the European Union </em>- consists of ministers of each EU member state and meets regularly in 10 different configurations depending on the subject matter; it conducts policymaking and coordinating functions as well as legislative functions; ministers of EU member states chair meetings of the Council of the EU based on a 6-month rotating presidency except for the meetings of EU Foreign Ministers in the Foreign Affairs Council that are chaired by the High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy<br><em>European Commission</em> - headed by a College of Commissioners comprised of 27 members (one from each member country) including the president; each commissioner is responsible for one or more policy areas; the Commission's main responsibilities include the sole right to initiate EU legislation (except for foreign and security/defense policy), promoting the general interest of the EU, acting as \"guardian of the Treaties\" by monitoring the application of EU law, implementing/executing the EU budget, managing programs, negotiating on the EU's behalf in core policy areas such as trade, and ensuring the Union's external representation in some policy areas; its current president is Ursula VON DER LEYEN (Germany) elected on 16 July 2019 (took office on 1 December 2019); the president of the European Commission is nominated by the European Council and formally \"elected\" by the European Parliament; the Commission president allocates specific responsibilities among the members of the College (appointed by common accord of the member state governments in consultation with the president-elect); the European Parliament confirms the entire Commission for a 5-year term.</p>",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> for external representation and foreign policy making, leaders of the EU member states appointed Joseph BORRELL (Spain) as the High Representative of the European Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy; BORRELL took office on 1 December 2019, succeeding Federica MOGHERINI (Italy (2014 - 2019); the High Representative's concurrent appointment as Vice President of the European Commission was meant to bring more coherence to the EU’s foreign policy (horizontally, between policies managed by the Commission that are particularly relevant for EU external relations, such as trade, humanitarian aid and crisis management, neighborhood policy and enlargement; and vertically, between member-state capitals and the EU); the High Representative helps develop and implement the EU's Common Foreign and Security Policy and Common Security and Defense Policy components, chairs the Foreign Affairs Council, represents and acts for the Union in many international contexts, and oversees the European External Action Service, the diplomatic corps of the EU, established on 1 December 2010"
"text": "<p>under the EU treaties there are three distinct institutions, each of which conducts functions that may be regarded as executive in nature:<br><em>European Council </em>- brings together member-state heads of state or government, along with the president of the European Commission, and meets at least four times a year; its aim is to provide the impetus for the development of the Union and to issue general policy guidance; the Treaty of Lisbon established the position of \"permanent\" (full-time) president of the European Council; leaders of the EU member states appoint the president for a 2 1/2 year term, renewable once; the president's responsibilities include chairing European Council meetings and providing policy and organizational continuity; the current president is Charles MICHEL (Belgium), since 1 December 2019, who succeeded Donald TUSK (Poland; 2014 - 2019)<br><em>Council of the European Union </em>- consists of gatherings of member-state officials, ranging from working-level diplomats to cabinet ministers in a given policy field, such as foreign affairs, agriculture, or economy; it conducts policymaking and coordinating functions as well as legislative functions; representatives from one member state chair meetings of the Council of the EU, based on a 6-month rotating presidency except for the meetings of EU Foreign Ministers in the Foreign Affairs Council that are chaired by the High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy<br><em>European Commission</em> - headed by a College of Commissioners comprised of 27 members (one from each member state) including the president; each commissioner is responsible for one or more policy areas; the Commission has the sole right to initiate EU legislation (except for foreign and security/defense policy), and is also responsible for promoting the general interest of the EU, acting as \"guardian of the Treaties\" by monitoring the application of EU law, implementing/executing the EU budget, managing programs, negotiating on the EU's behalf in policy areas where the member states have conferred sole competency, such as trade, and ensuring the Union's external representation in some policy areas; its current president is Ursula VON DER LEYEN (Germany) elected on 16 July 2019 (took office on 1 December 2019); the president of the European Commission is nominated by the European Council and confirmed by the European Parliament; the Commission president allocates specific responsibilities among the members of the College (appointed by common accord of the member-state governments in consultation with the president-elect); the European Parliament confirms the entire Commission for a 5-year term.</p>",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> for external representation and foreign policy making, member-state leaders appointed Joseph BORRELL (Spain) as the High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy; BORRELL took office on 1 December 2019, succeeding Federica MOGHERINI (Italy (2014 - 2019); the High Representative's concurrent appointment as Vice President of the European Commission was meant to bring more coherence to the EU’s foreign policy (including policies managed by the Commission that are particularly relevant for EU external relations, such as trade, humanitarian aid and crisis management, neighborhood policy and enlargement, as well as between member-state capitals and the EU); the High Representative helps develop and implement the EU's Common Foreign and Security Policy and Common Security and Defense Policy components, chairs the Council of the EU's meetings of member-state foreign ministers, called the Foreign Affairs Council, represents and acts for the Union in many international contexts, and oversees the European External Action Service, the diplomatic corps of the EU, established on 1 December 2010"
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "two legislative bodies consisting of the Council of the European Union (27 seats; ministers representing the 27 member states) and the European Parliament (705 seats; seats allocated among member states roughly in proportion to population size; members elected by proportional representation to serve 5-year terms); note - the European Parliament President, David SASSOLI, was elected in July 2019 by a majority of fellow members of the European Parliament (MEPs) and represents the Parliament within the EU and internationally; the Council of the EU and the MEPs share responsibilities for adopting the bulk of EU legislation, normally acting in co-decision on Commission proposals (but not in the area of Common Foreign and Security Policy, which is governed by consensus of the EU member state governments)"
"text": "two legislative bodies consisting of the Council of the European Union (27 seats; ministers representing the 27 member states) and the European Parliament (705 seats; seats allocated among member states roughly in proportion to population size; members elected by proportional representation to serve 5-year terms); note - the European Parliament President, Roberta METSOLA, was elected in January 2022 by a majority of fellow members of the European Parliament (MEPs) and represents the Parliament within the EU and internationally; the Council of the EU and the MEPs share responsibilities for adopting the bulk of EU legislation; the two bodies must come to agreement for a commission proposal to become law, after negotiations in which they reconcile differences in each body's text of the proposal, except in the area of Common Foreign and Security Policy, which is governed by consensus of the EU member-state governments)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 23-26 May 2019 (next to be held in May 2024)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote - NA; seats by party (as of 31 August 2022) - EPP 176, S&amp;D 145, RE 103, ID 65, Greens/EFA 71, ECR 64, GUE-NGL 39, non-attached 42; Parliament composition - men 428, women 277, percent of women 39.3%; note - composition of the European Council - men 23, women 4, percent of women 11.1%; total Council and Parliament percent of women 38.3%"
"text": "percent of vote - NA; seats by party (as of 13 April 2023) - EPP 175, S&amp;D 144, RE 101, Greens/EFA 72, ECR 66, ID 62, GUE-NGL 38, non-attached 47; Parliament composition - men 428, women 277, percent of women 39.3%; note - composition of the European Council - men 23, women 4, percent of women 14.8%; total Council and Parliament percent of women 38.4%"
}
},
"Judicial branch": {
"highest court(s)": {
"text": "Court of Justice of the European Union, which includes the Court of Justice (informally known as the European Court of Justice or ECJ) and the General Court (consists of 27 judges, one drawn from each member state; the ECJ includes 11 Advocates General while the General Court can include additional judges; both the ECJ and the General Court may sit in a \"Grand Chamber\" of 15 judges in special cases but usually in chambers of 3 to 5 judges"
"text": "Court of Justice of the European Union, which includes the Court of Justice (informally known as the European Court of Justice or ECJ) and the General Court (consists of 27 judges, one drawn from each member state); the ECJ includes 11 Advocates General while the General Court can include additional judges; both the ECJ and the General Court may sit in a \"Grand Chamber\" of 15 judges in special cases but usually in chambers of 3 to 5 judges"
},
"judge selection and term of office": {
"text": "judges appointed by the common consent of the member states to serve 6-year renewable terms"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the ECJ is the supreme judicial authority of the EU; it ensures that EU law is interpreted and applied uniformly throughout the EU, resolves disputed issues among the EU institutions and with member states, and reviews issues and opinions regarding questions of EU law referred by member state courts"
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the ECJ is the supreme judicial authority of the EU; it ensures that EU law is interpreted and applied uniformly throughout the EU, resolves disputes among EU institutions and member states, and reviews issues and opinions regarding questions of EU law referred by member state courts"
},
"Political parties and leaders": {
"text": "European United Left-Nordic Green Left or GUE/NGL [Manon AUBRY and Martin SCHIRDEWAN]<br>European Conservatives and Reformists or ECR [Raffaele FITTO and Ryszard LEGUTKO]<br>European Greens/European Free Alliance or Greens/EFA [Ska KELLER and Philippe LAMBERTS]<br>European People's Party or EPP [Manfred WEBER]<br>Identity and Democracy Party or ID [Marco ZANNI]<br>Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats or S&amp;D [Iratxe GARCIA]<br>Renew Europe or RE [Stephane SEJOURNE] (successor to Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe or ALDE)"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "ARF, ASEAN (dialogue member), Australian Group, BIS, BSEC (observer), CBSS, CERN, EBRD, FAO, FATF, G-8, G-10, G-20, IDA, IEA, IGAD (partners), LAIA (observer), NSG (observer), OAS (observer), OECD, PIF (partner), SAARC (observer), SICA (observer), UN (observer), UNRWA (observer), WCO, WTO, ZC (observer)"
"text": "ARF, ASEAN (dialogue member), Australian Group, BIS, BSEC (observer), CBSS, CERN, EBRD, FAO, FATF, G-7, G-10, G-20, IDA, IEA, IGAD (partners), LAIA (observer), NSG (observer), OAS (observer), OECD, PIF (partner), SAARC (observer), SICA (observer), UN (observer), UNRWA (observer), WCO, WTO, ZC (observer)"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {

24
europe/ei.json
View file

@ -372,17 +372,6 @@
"text": "Air Pollution-Heavy Metals, Air Pollution-Multi-effect Protocol, Marine Life Conservation"
}
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "8.26 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "37.71 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "13.67 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Climate": {
"text": "temperate maritime; modified by North Atlantic Current; mild winters, cool summers; consistently humid; overcast about half the time"
},
@ -420,6 +409,17 @@
"Revenue from coal": {
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "8.26 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "37.71 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "13.67 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "2,692,537 tons (2012 est.)"
@ -1214,7 +1214,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "83,380 (Ukraine) (as of 14 May 2023)"
"text": "84,392 (Ukraine) (as of 21 May 2023)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "7 (2022)"

30
europe/en.json
View file

@ -389,17 +389,6 @@
"text": "none of the selected agreements"
}
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "6.74 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "16.59 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "0.99 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Climate": {
"text": "maritime; wet, moderate winters, cool summers"
},
@ -437,6 +426,17 @@
"Revenue from coal": {
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "6.74 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "16.59 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "0.99 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "473,000 tons (2015 est.)"
@ -875,7 +875,7 @@
}
},
"Exports - partners": {
"text": "Finland 13%, Sweden 9%, Latvia 8%, Russia 8%, United States 7%, Lithuania 6%, Germany 6% (2019)"
"text": "Finland 12%, United States 9%, Latvia 9%, Sweden 8%, Russia 6% (2021)"
},
"Exports - commodities": {
"text": "broadcasting equipment, coal tar oil, refined petroleum, cars, prefabricated buildings, lumber (2021)"
@ -892,10 +892,10 @@
}
},
"Imports - partners": {
"text": "Russia 12%, Germany 10%, Finland 9%, Lithuania 7%, Latvia 7%, Sweden 6%, Poland 6%, China 6% (2019)"
"text": "Russia 15%, Finland 10%, Germany 10%, Latvia 7%, Lithuania 6% (2021)"
},
"Imports - commodities": {
"text": "cars, refined petroleum, coal tar oil, broadcasting equipment, packaged medicines (2019)"
"text": "refined petroleum, cars, coal tar oil, electricity, lumber, broadcasting equipment (2021)"
},
"Reserves of foreign exchange and gold": {
"Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 31 December 2021": {
@ -1226,7 +1226,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "71,215 (Ukraine) (as of 10 April 2023)"
"text": "71,215 (Ukraine) (as of 21 May 2023)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "70,604 (2022); note - following independence in 1991, automatic citizenship was restricted to those who were Estonian citizens prior to the 1940 Soviet occupation and their descendants; thousands of ethnic Russians remained stateless when forced to choose between passing Estonian language and citizenship tests or applying for Russian citizenship; one reason for demurring on Estonian citizenship was to retain the right of visa-free travel to Russia; stateless residents can vote in local elections but not general elections; stateless parents who have been lawful residents of Estonia for at least five years can apply for citizenship for their children before they turn 15 years old"

22
europe/ez.json
View file

@ -382,17 +382,6 @@
"text": "none of the selected agreements"
}
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "15.15 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "102.22 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "13.11 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Climate": {
"text": "temperate; cool summers; cold, cloudy, humid winters"
},
@ -430,6 +419,17 @@
"Revenue from coal": {
"text": "0.14% of GDP (2018 est.)"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "15.15 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "102.22 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "13.11 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "3.337 million tons (2015 est.)"

32
europe/fi.json
View file

@ -395,17 +395,6 @@
"text": "none of the selected agreements"
}
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "5.88 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "45.87 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "4.46 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Climate": {
"text": "cold temperate; potentially subarctic but comparatively mild because of moderating influence of the North Atlantic Current, Baltic Sea, and more than 60,000 lakes"
},
@ -443,6 +432,17 @@
"Revenue from coal": {
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "5.88 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "45.87 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "4.46 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "2.738 million tons (2015 est.)"
@ -574,7 +574,7 @@
"text": "unicameral Parliament or Eduskunta (200 seats; 199 members directly elected in single- and multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote and 1 member in the province of Aland directly elected by simple majority vote; members serve 4-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 02 April 2023 (next to be held on 30 April 2027)"
"text": "last held on 2 April 2023 (next to be held on 30 April 2027)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party/coalition - Kok 24%, PS 23%, SDP 21.5%. Center Party 11.5%, Vihr 6.5%, Vas 5.5%, SFP 4.5%, KD 2.5%, Aland 0.5%; Movement Now 0.5%; seats by party/coalition - Kok 48, PS 46, SDP 43, Center Party 23, Vihr 13, Vas 11, SFP 9, KD 5; Aland 1; Movement Now 1; composition men 108, women 92, percent of women 46%"
@ -876,7 +876,7 @@
}
},
"Exports - partners": {
"text": "Germany 14%, Sweden 10%, United States 8%, Netherlands 6%, China 6%, Russia 5% (2019)"
"text": "Germany 13%, Sweden 9%, United States 8%, Netherlands 6%, China 6% (2021)"
},
"Exports - commodities": {
"text": "refined petroleum, kaolin coated paper, cars, lumber, stainless steel, wood pulp (2021)"
@ -893,10 +893,10 @@
}
},
"Imports - partners": {
"text": "Germany 16%, Sweden 14%, Russia 13%, China 6%, Netherlands 6% (2019)"
"text": "Germany 16%, Sweden 15%, Russia 11%, China 7%, Netherlands 7% (2021)"
},
"Imports - commodities": {
"text": "crude petroleum, cars and vehicle parts, refined petroleum, broadcasting equipment, packaged medicines (2019)"
"text": "cars and vehicle parts, crude petroleum, refined petroleum, broadcasting equipment, packaged medicines (2021)"
},
"Reserves of foreign exchange and gold": {
"Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 31 December 2021": {
@ -1239,7 +1239,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "9,175 (Iraq) (mid-year 2022); 47,067 (Ukraine) (as of 16 May 2023)"
"text": "9,175 (Iraq) (mid-year 2022); 47,067 (Ukraine) (as of 23 May 2023)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "3,546 (2022)"

10
europe/fo.json
View file

@ -301,11 +301,6 @@
"Environment - current issues": {
"text": "coastal erosion, landslides and rockfalls, flash flooding, wind storms; oil spills"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "0.63 megatons (2016 est.)"
}
},
"Climate": {
"text": "mild winters, cool summers; usually overcast; foggy, windy"
},
@ -340,6 +335,11 @@
"Revenue from forest resources": {
"text": "0% of GDP (2017 est.)"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "0.63 megatons (2016 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "61,000 tons (2014 est.)"

16
europe/fr.json
View file

@ -409,14 +409,6 @@
"text": "none of the selected agreements"
}
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "11.64 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "55.99 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Climate": {
"text": "<p><strong>metropolitan France:</strong> generally cool winters and mild summers, but mild winters and hot summers along the Mediterranean; occasional strong, cold, dry, north-to-northwesterly wind known as the mistral;</p> <p><strong>French Guiana:</strong> tropical; hot, humid; little seasonal temperature variation;</p> <p><strong>Guadeloupe and Martinique:</strong> subtropical tempered by trade winds; moderately high humidity; rainy season (June to October); vulnerable to devastating cyclones (hurricanes) every eight years on average;</p> <p><strong>Mayotte:</strong> tropical; marine; hot, humid, rainy season during northeastern monsoon (November to May); dry season is cooler (May to November);</p> <p><strong>Reunion:</strong> tropical, but temperature moderates with elevation; cool and dry (May to November), hot and rainy (November to April)</p>"
},
@ -454,6 +446,14 @@
"Revenue from coal": {
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "11.64 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "55.99 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "33.399 million tons (2015 est.)"

10
europe/gi.json
View file

@ -279,11 +279,6 @@
"Environment - current issues": {
"text": "limited natural freshwater resources: more than 90% of drinking water supplied by desalination, the remainder from stored rainwater; a separate supply of saltwater used for sanitary services"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "0.63 megatons (2016 est.)"
}
},
"Climate": {
"text": "Mediterranean with mild winters and warm summers"
},
@ -303,6 +298,11 @@
"text": "0.45% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)"
}
},
"Air pollutants": {
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "0.63 megatons (2016 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "16,954 tons (2012 est.)"

24
europe/gm.json
View file

@ -396,17 +396,6 @@
"text": "none of the selected agreements"
}
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "11.71 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "727.97 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "49.92 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Climate": {
"text": "temperate and marine; cool, cloudy, wet winters and summers; occasional warm mountain (foehn) wind"
},
@ -444,6 +433,17 @@
"Revenue from coal": {
"text": "0.02% of GDP (2018 est.)"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "11.71 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "727.97 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "49.92 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "51.046 million tons (2015 est.)"
@ -1270,7 +1270,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "664,238 (Syria), 183,631 (Afghanistan), 151,254 (Iraq), 64,496 (Eritrea), 47,658 (Iran), 38,755 (Turkey), 32,155 (Somalia), 13,334 (Russia), 12,155 (Nigeria), 9,250 (Pakistan), 6,257 (Serbia and Kosovo), 6,912 (Ethiopia), 5,532 (Azerbaijan) (mid-year 2022); 1,061,623 (Ukraine) (as of 19 April 2023)"
"text": "664,238 (Syria), 183,631 (Afghanistan), 151,254 (Iraq), 64,496 (Eritrea), 47,658 (Iran), 38,755 (Turkey), 32,155 (Somalia), 13,334 (Russia), 12,155 (Nigeria), 9,250 (Pakistan), 6,257 (Serbia and Kosovo), 6,912 (Ethiopia), 5,532 (Azerbaijan) (mid-year 2022); 1,067,856 (Ukraine) (as of 21 May 2023)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "28,941 (2022)"

28
europe/gr.json
View file

@ -382,17 +382,6 @@
"text": "Air Pollution-Heavy Metals, Air Pollution-Multi-effect Protocol, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds"
}
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "15.69 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "62.43 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "9.8 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Climate": {
"text": "temperate; mild, wet winters; hot, dry summers"
},
@ -430,6 +419,17 @@
"Revenue from coal": {
"text": "0.04% of GDP (2018 est.)"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "15.69 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "62.43 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "9.8 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "5,477,424 tons (2014 est.)"
@ -542,7 +542,7 @@
"text": "President Ekaterini SAKELLAROPOULOU (since 13 March 2020)"
},
"head of government": {
"text": "Prime Minister Kyriakos MITSOTAKIS (since 8 July 2019)"
"text": "Caretaker Prime Minister Ioannis SARMAS (since 25 May 2023)"
},
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister"
@ -559,7 +559,7 @@
"text": "unicameral Hellenic Parliament or Vouli ton Ellinon (300 seats; 280 members in multi-seat and single-seat constituencies and 15 members - including 3 seats for Greek diaspora - in a single nationwide constituency directly elected by open party-list proportional representation vote; members serve up to 4 years); &nbsp;note - only parties surpassing a 3% threshold are entitled to parliamentary seats; parties need 10 seats to become formal parliamentary groups but can retain that status if the party participated in the last election and received the minimum 3% threshold"
},
"elections": {
"text": "last held on 7 July 2019 (next to be held on 21 May 2023)"
"text": "last held on 21 May 2023 (next to be held on 25 June 2023 because a government could not be formed)"
},
"election results": {
"text": "percent of vote by party - ND 39.9%, SYRIZA 31.5%, KINAL 8.1%, KKE 5.3%, Greek Solution 3.7%, MeRA25 3.4%, other 8.1%; seats by party - ND 158, SYRIZA 86, KINAL 22, KKE 15, Greek Solution 10, MeRA25 9; composition - men 244, women 56, percent of women 18.7%"
@ -1239,7 +1239,7 @@
"stateless persons": {
"text": "4,488 (2022)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 1,238,391 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-May 2023)"
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 1,238,493 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-May 2023)"
},
"Illicit drugs": {
"text": "a gateway to Europe for traffickers smuggling cannabis products and heroin from the Middle East and Southwest Asia to the West and precursor chemicals to the East; some South American cocaine transits or is consumed in Greece; money laundering related to drug trafficking and organized crime"

24
europe/hr.json
View file

@ -395,17 +395,6 @@
"text": "none of the selected agreements"
}
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "17.03 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "17.49 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "3.98 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Climate": {
"text": "Mediterranean and continental; continental climate predominant with hot summers and cold winters; mild winters, dry summers along coast"
},
@ -443,6 +432,17 @@
"Revenue from coal": {
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "17.03 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "17.49 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "3.98 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "1.654 million tons (2015 est.)"
@ -1246,7 +1246,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "22,382 (Ukraine) (as of 12 May 2023)"
"text": "22,538 (Ukraine) (as of 19 May 2023)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "2,889 (2022)"

26
europe/hu.json
View file

@ -392,17 +392,6 @@
"text": "Antarctic-Environmental Protection"
}
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "15.62 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "45.54 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "7.25 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Climate": {
"text": "temperate; cold, cloudy, humid winters; warm summers"
},
@ -440,6 +429,17 @@
"Revenue from coal": {
"text": "0.01% of GDP (2018 est.)"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "15.62 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "45.54 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "7.25 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "3.712 million tons (2015 est.)"
@ -1217,7 +1217,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> in 2017, Hungary announced plans to increase the number of active soldiers to around 37,000 but did not give a timeline"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
"text": "the military's inventory consists largely of Soviet-era weapons, with a smaller mix of more modern European and US equipment (2022)"
"text": "the military's inventory consists largely of Soviet-era weapons, with a smaller mix of more modern European and US equipment (2023)"
},
"Military service age and obligation": {
"text": "18-25 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription (abolished 2005); 6-month service obligation (2022)",
@ -1242,7 +1242,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "35,030 (Ukraine) (as of 16 May 2023)"
"text": "36,313 (Ukraine) (as of 23 May 2023)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "130 (2022)"

28
europe/ic.json
View file

@ -373,17 +373,6 @@
"text": "Air Pollution-Heavy Metals, Environmental Modification, Marine Life Conservation"
}
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "5.94 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "2.06 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "0.59 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Climate": {
"text": "temperate; moderated by North Atlantic Current; mild, windy winters; damp, cool summers"
},
@ -421,6 +410,17 @@
"Revenue from coal": {
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "5.94 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "2.06 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "0.59 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "525,000 tons (2015 est.)"
@ -633,7 +633,7 @@
},
"Economy": {
"Economic overview": {
"text": "high-income European economy; frozen EU accession application but Schengen Area member; tourism industry, which helped rebound the economy after 2008 collapse, hit hard by COVID-19; major fishing industry; complex regulatory environment"
"text": "high-income European economy; frozen EU accession application but Schengen Area member; major tourism, fishing, and aluminum industries; complex regulatory environment; large FDI recipient; highly educated workforce"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity)": {
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2021": {
@ -839,7 +839,7 @@
}
},
"Exports - partners": {
"text": "Netherlands 23%, United Kingdom 9%, Germany 9%, Spain 8%, United States 7%, France 7%, Canada 5% (2019)"
"text": "Netherlands 24%, Spain 10%, Germany 10%, United Kingdom 9%, United States 7% (2021)"
},
"Exports - commodities": {
"text": "aluminum and aluminum products, fish fillets, salmon, iron alloys, animal meal (2021)"
@ -856,7 +856,7 @@
}
},
"Imports - partners": {
"text": "Norway 11%, Netherlands 10%, Germany 8%, Denmark 8%, United States 7%, United Kingdom 6%, China 6%, Sweden 5% (2019)"
"text": "Norway 11%, Denmark 10%, Netherlands 9%, Germany 9%, China 7% (2021)"
},
"Imports - commodities": {
"text": "refined petroleum, aluminum oxide, carbon/graphite electronics, cars, packaged medicines (2019)"

22
europe/it.json
View file

@ -385,14 +385,6 @@
"text": "Air Pollution-Heavy Metals, Air Pollution-Multi-effect Protocol"
}
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "15.28 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "41.3 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Climate": {
"text": "predominantly Mediterranean; alpine in far north; hot, dry in south"
},
@ -430,6 +422,14 @@
"Revenue from coal": {
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "15.28 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "41.3 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "29.524 million tons (2015 est.)"
@ -559,7 +559,7 @@
},
"Legislative branch": {
"description": {
"text": "bicameral Parliament or Parlamento consists of:<br>Senate or Senato della Repubblica (320 seats; 116 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote, 193 members in multi-seat constituencies and 6 members in multi-seat constituencies abroad directly elected by party-list proportional representation vote to serve 5-year terms and 5 ex-officio members appointed by the president of the Republic to serve for life)<br>Chamber of Deputies or Camera dei Deputati (630 seats; 629 members directly elected in single- and multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote and 1 member from Valle d'Aosta elected by simple majority vote; members serve 5-year terms)"
"text": "bicameral Parliament or Parlamento consists of:<br>Senate or Senato della Repubblica (200 elected seats; 122 members in multi-seat constituencies directly elected by proportional representation vote, 74 members in single-seat constituencies directly elected by plurality vote, and 4 members in multi-seat constituencies abroad directly elected by proportional representation vote; all members serve 5-year terms)<br>Chamber of Deputies or Camera dei Deputati (400 seats; 245 members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote; 147 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by plurality vote and 8 members in multi-seat constituencies abroad by proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms)"
},
"elections": {
"text": "<br>Senate - last held on 25 September 2022<br>Chamber of Deputies - last held on 25 September 2022; note - snap elections were called when Prime Minister DRAGHI resigned, and the parliament was dissolved on 21 July 2022 (next to be held 30 September 2027)"
@ -1243,12 +1243,12 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "21,441 (Nigeria), 17,706 (Afghanistan), 17,619 (Pakistan), 11,193 (Mali), 8,405 (Somalia), 6,324 (Gambia), 5,768 (Bangladesh), 5,463 (Iraq) (mid-year 2022); 175,107 (Ukraine) (as of 21 April 2023)"
"text": "21,441 (Nigeria), 17,706 (Afghanistan), 17,619 (Pakistan), 11,193 (Mali), 8,405 (Somalia), 6,324 (Gambia), 5,768 (Bangladesh), 5,463 (Iraq) (mid-year 2022); 175,107 (Ukraine) (as of 19 May 2023)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "3,000 (2022)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 741,760 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-May 2023)"
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 742,864 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-May 2023)"
},
"Illicit drugs": {
"text": "important gateway for drug trafficking; organized crime groups allied with Colombian and Spanish groups trafficking cocaine to Europe"

16
europe/kv.json
View file

@ -294,14 +294,6 @@
"Environment - current issues": {
"text": "air pollution (pollution from power plants and nearby lignite mines take a toll on people's health); water scarcity and pollution; land degradation"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "8.94 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "0.54 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Climate": {
"text": "influenced by continental air masses resulting in relatively cold winters with heavy snowfall and hot, dry summers and autumns; Mediterranean and alpine influences create regional variation; maximum rainfall between October and December"
},
@ -331,6 +323,14 @@
"Revenue from coal": {
"text": "0.31% of GDP (2018 est.)"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "8.94 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "0.54 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "319,000 tons (2015 est.)"

32
europe/lg.json
View file

@ -392,17 +392,6 @@
"text": "none of the selected agreements"
}
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "12.72 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "7 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "1.85 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Climate": {
"text": "maritime; wet, moderate winters"
},
@ -440,6 +429,17 @@
"Revenue from coal": {
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "12.72 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "7 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "1.85 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "857,000 tons (2015 est.)"
@ -655,7 +655,7 @@
},
"Economy": {
"Economic overview": {
"text": "high-income, EU-member Baltic economy; export-driven; major bribery and money-laundering scandals suggest widespread financial corruption; strong but gradual post COVID-19 recovery; regional tension with Belarus; highly developed transit services"
"text": "high-income, EU-member Baltic economy; export-driven; Russian invasion of Ukraine has caused a temporary labor force surge and impacted growth due to Russian trade reliance; highly developed transit services"
},
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity)": {
"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2021": {
@ -867,7 +867,7 @@
}
},
"Exports - partners": {
"text": "Lithuania 16%, Estonia 10%, Russia 9%, Germany 7%, Sweden 6%, United Kingdom 6% (2019)"
"text": "Lithuania 17%, Estonia 9%, United Kingdom 8%, Germany 7%, Russia 7% (2021)"
},
"Exports - commodities": {
"text": "lumber, wheat, broadcasting equipment, packaged medicines, fuel woods, hard liquors (2021)"
@ -884,10 +884,10 @@
}
},
"Imports - partners": {
"text": "Russia 21%, Lithuania 14%, Germany 9%, Poland 7%, Estonia 7% (2019)"
"text": "Lithuania 15%, Russia 14%, Germany 9%, Poland 8%, Estonia 8% (2021)"
},
"Imports - commodities": {
"text": "refined petroleum, broadcasting equipment, cars, packaged medicines, aircraft (2019)"
"text": "refined petroleum, packaged medicines, broadcasting equipment, electricity, cars, natural gas (2021)"
},
"Reserves of foreign exchange and gold": {
"Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 31 December 2021": {
@ -1224,7 +1224,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "31,769 (Ukraine) (as of 12 May 2023)"
"text": "31,527 (Ukraine) (as of 19 May 2023)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "195,354 (2022); note - individuals who were Latvian citizens prior to the 1940 Soviet occupation and their descendants were recognized as Latvian citizens when the country's independence was restored in 1991; citizens of the former Soviet Union residing in Latvia who have neither Latvian nor other citizenship are considered non-citizens (officially there is no statelessness in Latvia) and are entitled to non-citizen passports; children born after Latvian independence to stateless parents are entitled to Latvian citizenship upon their parents' request; non-citizens cannot vote or hold certain government jobs and are exempt from military service but can travel visa-free in the EU under the Schengen accord like Latvian citizens; non-citizens can obtain naturalization if they have been permanent residents of Latvia for at least five years, pass tests in Latvian language and history, and know the words of the Latvian national anthem"

30
europe/lh.json
View file

@ -390,17 +390,6 @@
"text": "none of the selected agreements"
}
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "11.49 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "12.96 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "3.15 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Climate": {
"text": "transitional, between maritime and continental; wet, moderate winters and summers"
},
@ -438,6 +427,17 @@
"Revenue from coal": {
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "11.49 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "12.96 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "3.15 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "1.3 million tons (2015 est.)"
@ -876,7 +876,7 @@
}
},
"Exports - partners": {
"text": "Russia 13%, Latvia 9%, Poland 8%, Germany 7%, Estonia 5% (2019)"
"text": "Russia 10%, Latvia 9%, Germany 8%, Poland 7%, United States 6% (2021)"
},
"Exports - commodities": {
"text": "refined petroleum, wooden furniture, wheat, laboratory reagents, cigarettes (2021)"
@ -893,10 +893,10 @@
}
},
"Imports - partners": {
"text": "Poland 12%, Russia 12%, Germany 12%, Latvia 7%, Netherlands 5% (2019)"
"text": "Poland 12%, Germany 12%, Russia 11%, Latvia 8%, Netherlands 5% (2021)"
},
"Imports - commodities": {
"text": "crude petroleum, cars, packaged medicines, refined petroleum, electricity (2019)"
"text": "crude petroleum, cars, electricity, packaged medicines, broadcasting equipment, natural gas (2021)"
},
"Reserves of foreign exchange and gold": {
"Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 31 December 2021": {
@ -1231,7 +1231,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "77,444 (Ukraine) (as of 12 May 2023)"
"text": "77,610 (Ukraine) (as of 19 May 2023)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "2,720 (2022)"

24
europe/lo.json
View file

@ -379,17 +379,6 @@
"text": "Antarctic-Environmental Protection"
}
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "17.54 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "32.42 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "4.43 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Climate": {
"text": "temperate; cool summers; cold, cloudy, humid winters"
},
@ -427,6 +416,17 @@
"Revenue from coal": {
"text": "0.01% of GDP (2018 est.)"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "17.54 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "32.42 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "4.43 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "1.784 million tons (2015 est.)"
@ -1199,7 +1199,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "116,202 (Ukraine) (as of 14 May 2023)"
"text": "116,718 (Ukraine) (as of 21 May 2023)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "2,940 (2022)"

16
europe/ls.json
View file

@ -326,14 +326,6 @@
"text": "Air Pollution-Multi-effect Protocol, Law of the Sea"
}
},
"Air pollutants": {
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "0.05 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "0.02 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Climate": {
"text": "continental; cold, cloudy winters with frequent snow or rain; cool to moderately warm, cloudy, humid summers"
},
@ -368,6 +360,14 @@
"Revenue from forest resources": {
"text": "0% of GDP (2017 est.)"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "0.05 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "0.02 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "32,382 tons (2015 est.)"

22
europe/lu.json
View file

@ -371,17 +371,6 @@
"text": "Environmental Modification"
}
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "10.21 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "8.99 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "0.61 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Climate": {
"text": "modified continental with mild winters, cool summers"
},
@ -419,6 +408,17 @@
"Revenue from coal": {
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "10.21 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "8.99 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "0.61 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "356,000 tons (2015 est.)"

24
europe/md.json
View file

@ -381,17 +381,6 @@
"text": "Air Pollution-Multi-effect Protocol"
}
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "15.97 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "5.12 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "3.29 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Climate": {
"text": "moderate winters, warm summers"
},
@ -429,6 +418,17 @@
"Revenue from coal": {
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "15.97 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "5.12 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "3.29 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "3,981,200 tons (2015 est.)"
@ -1204,7 +1204,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "108,620 (Ukraine) (as of 14 May 2023)"
"text": "108,889 (Ukraine) (as of 21 May 2023)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "1,701 (2022)"

28
europe/mj.json
View file

@ -410,17 +410,6 @@
"text": "none of the selected agreements"
}
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "20.17 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "2.02 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "0.75 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Climate": {
"text": "Mediterranean climate, hot dry summers and autumns and relatively cold winters with heavy snowfalls inland"
},
@ -458,6 +447,17 @@
"Revenue from coal": {
"text": "0.12% of GDP (2018 est.)"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "20.17 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "2.02 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "0.75 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "332,000 tons (2015 est.)"
@ -584,7 +584,7 @@
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 19 March 2023 with a runoff on 2 April 2023 (next to be held in 2028); prime minister nominated by the president, approved by the Assembly"
},
"election results": {
"text": "<em><br>2023: </em>Jakov MILATOVIC elected president in the second round; percent of vote in first round - Milo DUKANOVIC (DPS) 35.4%, Jakov MILATOVIC (Europe Now!) 28.9%, Andrija MANDIC (DF) 19.3%, Aleksa BECIC (DCG) 11.1%, other 5.3%; percent of vote in second round - Jakov MILATOVIC 58.9%, Milo DUKANOVIC 41.1%<em><br><br>2018:</em> Milo DJUKANOVIC elected president in the first round; percent of vote - Milo DJUKANOVIC (DPS) 53.9%, Mladen BOJANIC (independent) 33.4%, Draginja VUKSANOVIC (SDP) 8.2%, Marko MILACIC (PRAVA) 2.8%, other 1.7%<br><br><em>2013:</em> Filip VUJANOVIC reelected president; percent of vote Filip VUJANOVIC (DPS) 51.2%, Miodrag LEKIC (independent) 48.8%"
"text": "<em><br>2023: </em>Jakov MILATOVIC elected president in the second round; percent of vote in first round - Milo DUKANOVIC (DPS) 35.4%, Jakov MILATOVIC (Europe Now!) 28.9%, Andrija MANDIC (DF) 19.3%, Aleksa BECIC (DCG) 11.1%, other 5.3%; percent of vote in second round - Jakov MILATOVIC 58.9%, Milo DUKANOVIC 41.1%<em><br><br>2018:</em> Milo DJUKANOVIC elected president in the first round; percent of vote - Milo DJUKANOVIC (DPS) 53.9%, Mladen BOJANIC (independent) 33.4%, Draginja VUKSANOVIC (SDP) 8.2%, Marko MILACIC (PRAVA) 2.8%, other 1.7%"
}
},
"Legislative branch": {
@ -1237,12 +1237,12 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "33,428 (Ukraine) (as of 15 May 2023)"
"text": "33,541 (Ukraine) (as of 19 May 2023)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "468 (2022)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 30,344 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-May 2023)"
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 30,433 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-May 2023)"
},
"Illicit drugs": {
"text": "<p>drug trafficking groups are major players in the procurement and transportation of large quantities of cocaine  destined for  European markets</p>"

22
europe/mk.json
View file

@ -376,17 +376,6 @@
"text": "none of the selected agreements"
}
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "28.34 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "7.05 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "2.28 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Climate": {
"text": "warm, dry summers and autumns; relatively cold winters with heavy snowfall"
},
@ -424,6 +413,17 @@
"Revenue from coal": {
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "28.34 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "7.05 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "2.28 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "796,585 tons (2016 est.)"

16
europe/mn.json
View file

@ -325,14 +325,6 @@
"text": "none of the selected agreements"
}
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "12.2 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "0.05 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Climate": {
"text": "Mediterranean with mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers"
},
@ -367,6 +359,14 @@
"Revenue from forest resources": {
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "12.2 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "0.05 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "46,000 tons (2012 est.)"

26
europe/mt.json
View file

@ -376,17 +376,6 @@
"text": "none of the selected agreements"
}
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "13.97 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "1.34 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "0.2 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Climate": {
"text": "Mediterranean; mild, rainy winters; hot, dry summers"
},
@ -424,6 +413,17 @@
"Revenue from coal": {
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "13.97 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "1.34 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "0.2 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "269,000 tons (2015 est.)"
@ -571,11 +571,11 @@
"text": "AD+PD or ADPD [Carmel CACOPARDO] (formed from the merger of Democratic Alternative or AD and Democratic Party (Partit Demokratiku) or PD)<br>Labor Party (Partit Laburista) or PL [Robert ABELA]<br>Nationalist Party (Partit Nazzjonalista) or PN [Bernard GRECH]"
},
"International organization participation": {
"text": "Australia Group, C, CD, CE, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EMU, EU, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NSG, OAS (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PCA, PFP, Schengen Convention, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, Union Latina (observer), UNWTO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
"text": "Australia Group, C, CD, CE, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EMU, EU, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NATO (partner), NSG, OAS (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PCA, PFP, Schengen Convention, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, Union Latina (observer), UNWTO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {
"text": "Ambassador Keith AZZOPARDI (since 17 September 2018)"
"text": "Ambassador Godfrey C. XUEREB (since 19 April 2023)"
},
"chancery": {
"text": "2017 Connecticut Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008"

22
europe/nl.json
View file

@ -388,17 +388,6 @@
"text": "none of the selected agreements"
}
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "12.07 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "170.78 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "17.79 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Climate": {
"text": "temperate; marine; cool summers and mild winters"
},
@ -436,6 +425,17 @@
"Revenue from coal": {
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "12.07 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "170.78 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "17.79 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "8.855 million tons (2015 est.)"

30
europe/no.json
View file

@ -386,17 +386,6 @@
"text": "none of the selected agreements"
}
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "7.02 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "41.02 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "4.81 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Climate": {
"text": "temperate along coast, modified by North Atlantic Current; colder interior with increased precipitation and colder summers; rainy year-round on west coast"
},
@ -435,6 +424,17 @@
"Revenue from coal": {
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "7.02 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "41.02 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "4.81 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "2.187 million tons (2015 est.)"
@ -862,7 +862,7 @@
}
},
"Exports - partners": {
"text": "United Kingdom 18%, Germany 14%, Netherlands 10%, Sweden 9%, France 6%, United States 5% (2019)"
"text": "United Kingdom 21%, Germany 19%, Sweden 8%, Netherlands 7%, China 6% (2021)"
},
"Exports - commodities": {
"text": "natural gas, crude petroleum, salmon, refined petroleum, aluminum (2021)"
@ -879,10 +879,10 @@
}
},
"Imports - partners": {
"text": "Sweden 17%, Germany 12%, China 8%, Denmark 7%, United States 6%, United Kingdom 5%, Netherlands 5% (2019)"
"text": "Sweden 18%, Germany 12%, China 10%, Denmark 6%, United States 5% (2021)"
},
"Imports - commodities": {
"text": "cars, refined petroleum, broadcasting equipment, natural gas, crude petroleum (2019)"
"text": "cars, refined petroleum, broadcasting equipment, computers, ships, nickel (2021)"
},
"Reserves of foreign exchange and gold": {
"Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 31 December 2021": {
@ -1216,7 +1216,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "15,901 (Syria), 10,883 (Eritrea) (mid-year 2022); 46,985 (Ukraine) (as of 12 May 2023)"
"text": "15,901 (Syria), 10,883 (Eritrea) (mid-year 2022); 47,850 (Ukraine) (as of 23 May 2023)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "3,901 (2022)"

24
europe/pl.json
View file

@ -400,17 +400,6 @@
"text": "Air Pollution-Heavy Metals, Air Pollution-Multi-effect Protocol, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants"
}
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "20.54 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "299.04 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "46.62 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Climate": {
"text": "temperate with cold, cloudy, moderately severe winters with frequent precipitation; mild summers with frequent showers and thundershowers"
},
@ -448,6 +437,17 @@
"Revenue from coal": {
"text": "0.27% of GDP (2018 est.)"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "20.54 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "299.04 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "46.62 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "10.863 million tons (2015 est.)"
@ -1268,7 +1268,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "1,602,062 (Ukraine) (as of 15 May 2023)"
"text": "1,605,738 (Ukraine) (as of 22 May 2023)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "1,435 (2022)"

22
europe/po.json
View file

@ -383,17 +383,6 @@
"text": "Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Environmental Modification, Nuclear Test Ban"
}
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "7.87 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "48.74 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "10.93 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Climate": {
"text": "maritime temperate; cool and rainy in north, warmer and drier in south"
},
@ -431,6 +420,17 @@
"Revenue from coal": {
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "7.87 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "48.74 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "10.93 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "4.71 million tons (2014 est.)"

24
europe/ri.json
View file

@ -406,17 +406,6 @@
"text": "none of the selected agreements"
}
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "24.27 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "45.22 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "11.96 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Climate": {
"text": "in the north, continental climate (cold winters and hot, humid summers with well-distributed rainfall); in other parts, continental and Mediterranean climate (relatively cold winters with heavy snowfall and hot, dry summers and autumns)"
},
@ -455,6 +444,17 @@
"Revenue from coal": {
"text": "0.25% of GDP (2018 est.)"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "24.27 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "45.22 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "11.96 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "1.84 million tons (2015 est.)"
@ -1244,7 +1244,7 @@
"stateless persons": {
"text": "2,594 (includes stateless persons in Kosovo) (2022)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 955,783 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-April 2023)"
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 960,017 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-May 2023)"
},
"Trafficking in persons": {
"tier rating": {

26
europe/ro.json
View file

@ -394,17 +394,6 @@
"text": "none of the selected agreements"
}
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "14.29 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "69.26 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "27.62 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Climate": {
"text": "temperate; cold, cloudy winters with frequent snow and fog; sunny summers with frequent showers and thunderstorms"
},
@ -442,6 +431,17 @@
"Revenue from coal": {
"text": "0.03% of GDP (2018 est.)"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "14.29 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "69.26 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "27.62 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "4.895 million tons (2015 est.)"
@ -1244,12 +1244,12 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "94,952 (Ukraine) (as of 14 May 2023)"
"text": "94,179 (Ukraine) (as of 20 May 2023)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "297 (2022)"
},
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 13,699 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-May 2023)"
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> 13,748 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-May 2023)"
},
"Illicit drugs": {
"text": "<p>a source country for cannabis</p>"

24
europe/si.json
View file

@ -377,17 +377,6 @@
"text": "none of the selected agreements"
}
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "15.81 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "12.63 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "2.1 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Climate": {
"text": "Mediterranean climate on the coast, continental climate with mild to hot summers and cold winters in the plateaus and valleys to the east"
},
@ -425,6 +414,17 @@
"Revenue from coal": {
"text": "0.03% of GDP (2018 est.)"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "15.81 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "12.63 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "2.1 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "926,000 tons (2015 est.)"
@ -1207,7 +1207,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "9,312 (Ukraine) (as of 15 May 2023)"
"text": "9,477 (Ukraine) (as of 22 May 2023)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "10 (2020)"

16
europe/sm.json
View file

@ -329,14 +329,6 @@
"text": "Air Pollution"
}
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "13.45 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "0.02 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Climate": {
"text": "Mediterranean; mild to cool winters; warm, sunny summers"
},
@ -371,6 +363,14 @@
"Revenue from forest resources": {
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "13.45 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "0.02 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "17,175 tons (2016 est.)"

26
europe/sp.json
View file

@ -391,17 +391,6 @@
"text": "none of the selected agreements"
}
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "9.48 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "244 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "36.94 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Climate": {
"text": "temperate; clear, hot summers in interior, more moderate and cloudy along coast; cloudy, cold winters in interior, partly cloudy and cool along coast"
},
@ -440,6 +429,17 @@
"Revenue from coal": {
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "9.48 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "244 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "36.94 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "20.151 million tons (2015 est.)"
@ -1250,12 +1250,12 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "14,994 (Syria) (mid-year 2022); 418,200 (Venezuela) (economic and political crisis; includes Venezuelans who have claimed asylum, are recognized as refugees, or have received alternative legal stay) (2021); 179,884 (Ukraine) (as of 14 May 2023)"
"text": "14,994 (Syria) (mid-year 2022); 418,200 (Venezuela) (economic and political crisis; includes Venezuelans who have claimed asylum, are recognized as refugees, or have received alternative legal stay) (2021); 177,228 (Ukraine) (as of 21 May 2023)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "6,489 (2022)"
},
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>285,788 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals, including Canary Islands (January 2015-May 2023)"
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>286,267 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals, including Canary Islands (January 2015-May 2023)"
},
"Illicit drugs": {
"text": "primary transit point in Europe for cocaine from South America and for hashish from Morocco; cocaine is shipped in raw or liquid form with mixed cargo to avoid detection; traffickers ship methamphetamine via express mail; increasing indoor cannabis production; illegal labs cutting, mixing, and reconstituting cocaine, heroin, and methamphetamine labs; synthetic drugs, including ketamine and MDMA (ecstasy) transit from Spain to the US"

32
europe/sw.json
View file

@ -389,17 +389,6 @@
"text": "none of the selected agreements"
}
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "5.89 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "43.25 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "4.42 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Climate": {
"text": "temperate in south with cold, cloudy winters and cool, partly cloudy summers; subarctic in north"
},
@ -437,6 +426,17 @@
"Revenue from coal": {
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "5.89 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "43.25 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "4.42 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "4.377 million tons (2015 est.)"
@ -869,10 +869,10 @@
}
},
"Exports - partners": {
"text": "Germany 10%, Norway 9%, United States 8%, Denmark 7%, Finland 6%, United Kingdom 5%, Netherlands 5%, China 5% (2019)"
"text": "Germany 10%, Norway 9%, United States 8%, Denmark 8%, Finland 6% (2021)"
},
"Exports - commodities": {
"text": "cars and vehicle parts, packaged medicines, refined petroleum, broadcasting equipment, lumber (2019)"
"text": "cars and vehicle parts, refined petroleum, packaged medicines, lumber, iron, broadcasting equipment (2021)"
},
"Imports": {
"Imports 2021": {
@ -886,10 +886,10 @@
}
},
"Imports - partners": {
"text": "Germany 18%, Netherlands 9%, Denmark 7%, Norway 7%, China 6%, Finland 5%, Belgium 5%, Poland 5% (2019)"
"text": "Germany 18%, Netherlands 9%, Norway 8%, China 7%, Denmark 7% (2021)"
},
"Imports - commodities": {
"text": "cars and vehicle parts, crude petroleum, refined petroleum, broadcasting equipment, computers (2019)"
"text": "cars and vehicle parts, crude petroleum, refined petroleum, broadcasting equipment, computers (2021)"
},
"Reserves of foreign exchange and gold": {
"Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 31 December 2021": {
@ -1234,7 +1234,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "113,213 (Syria), 26,857 (Afghanistan), 25,849 (Eritrea), 10,464 (Iraq), 9,315 (Somalia), 7,146 (Iran) (mid-year 2022); 55,020 (Ukraine) (as of 11 May 2023)"
"text": "113,213 (Syria), 26,857 (Afghanistan), 25,849 (Eritrea), 10,464 (Iraq), 9,315 (Somalia), 7,146 (Iran) (mid-year 2022); 55,288 (Ukraine) (as of 18 May 2023)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "46,515 (2022); note - the majority of stateless people are from the Middle East and Somalia"

24
europe/sz.json
View file

@ -384,17 +384,6 @@
"text": "none of the selected agreements"
}
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "10.21 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "34.48 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "4.98 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Climate": {
"text": "temperate, but varies with altitude; cold, cloudy, rainy/snowy winters; cool to warm, cloudy, humid summers with occasional showers"
},
@ -432,6 +421,17 @@
"Revenue from coal": {
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "10.21 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "34.48 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "4.98 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "6.056 million tons (2016 est.)"
@ -1240,7 +1240,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "14,726 (Eritrea), 11,441 (Afghanistan), 8,039 (Syria), (mid-year 2022); 65,601 (Ukraine) (as of 5 May 2023)"
"text": "14,726 (Eritrea), 11,441 (Afghanistan), 8,039 (Syria), (mid-year 2022); 65,601 (Ukraine) (as of 19 May 2023)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "891 (2022)"

28
europe/uk.json
View file

@ -388,17 +388,6 @@
"text": "none of the selected agreements"
}
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "10.53 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "379.02 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "49.16 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Climate": {
"text": "temperate; moderated by prevailing southwest winds over the North Atlantic Current; more than one-half of the days are overcast"
},
@ -436,6 +425,17 @@
"Revenue from coal": {
"text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
},
"Air pollutants": {
"particulate matter emissions": {
"text": "10.53 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
},
"carbon dioxide emissions": {
"text": "379.02 megatons (2016 est.)"
},
"methane emissions": {
"text": "49.16 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Waste and recycling": {
"municipal solid waste generated annually": {
"text": "31.567 million tons (2014 est.)"
@ -514,7 +514,7 @@
},
"Constitution": {
"history": {
"text": "unwritten; partly statutes, partly common law and practice"
"text": "uncoded; partly statutes, partly common law and practice"
},
"amendments": {
"text": "proposed as a bill for an Act of Parliament by the government, by the House of Commons, or by the House of Lords; passage requires agreement by both houses and by the monarch (Royal Assent); many previous, last in 2020 -&nbsp; The European Union (Withdrawal Agreement) Act 2020, European Union (Future Relationship) Act 2020"
@ -1218,7 +1218,7 @@
}
},
"Military and security service personnel strengths": {
"text": "approximately 153,000 regular forces (81,000 Army; 34,000 Navy, including about 7,000 Royal Marines; 38,000 Air Force) (2023)",
"text": "approximately 148,000 regular forces (82,000 Army including the Gurkhas; 33,000 Navy including the Royal Marines; 33,000 Air Force) (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>the military also has approximately 40-45,000 reserves and other personnel on active duty"
},
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
@ -1248,7 +1248,7 @@
},
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
"refugees (country of origin)": {
"text": "21,904 (Iran), 15,615 (Eritrea), 11,371 (Sudan), 12,155 (Syria), 10,259 (Afghanistan), 8,009 (Pakistan), 7,699 (Iraq) (mid-year 2022); 204,700 (Ukraine) (as of 9 May 2023)"
"text": "21,904 (Iran), 15,615 (Eritrea), 11,371 (Sudan), 12,155 (Syria), 10,259 (Afghanistan), 8,009 (Pakistan), 7,699 (Iraq) (mid-year 2022); 205,800 (Ukraine) (as of 16 May 2023)"
},
"stateless persons": {
"text": "5,483 (2022)"

30
europe/up.json
View file

File diff suppressed because one or more lines are too long

12
europe/vt.json
View file

@ -209,11 +209,6 @@
"text": "Air Pollution, Environmental Modification"
}
},
"Air pollutants": {
"methane emissions": {
"text": "0 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Climate": {
"text": "temperate; mild, rainy winters (September to May) with hot, dry summers (May to September)"
},
@ -233,6 +228,11 @@
"text": "0% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
}
},
"Air pollutants": {
"methane emissions": {
"text": "0 megatons (2020 est.)"
}
},
"Total renewable water resources": {
"text": "0 cubic meters (2017 est.)"
}
@ -286,7 +286,7 @@
},
"Constitution": {
"history": {
"text": "previous 1929, 1963; latest promulgated November 2000, effective 22 February 2001 (Fundamental Law of Vatican City State, the main governing document of the Vatican's civil entities); the Roman Curia is the administrative apparatus – the departments and ministries – used by the pontiff in governing the church; note - Pope Francis in October 2013, instituted a 9-member Council of Cardinal Advisers to reform the Roman Curia to include writing a new constitution; in June 2018, Pope Francis approved the Council of Cardinals' first draft of the new constitution, <em>Predicatae Evangelium</em> (Preach the Gospel); it became effective 5 June 2022, replacing <em>Pastor Bonus</em>, the previous governing document of the Roman Curia"
"text": "previous 1929, 1963; latest promulgated November 2000, effective 22 February 2001 (Fundamental Law of Vatican City State, the main governing document of the Vatican's civil entities); the Roman Curia is the administrative apparatus – the departments and ministries – used by the pontiff in governing the church; note - Pope Francis in October 2013, instituted a 9-member Council of Cardinal Advisers to reform the Roman Curia to include writing a new constitution; in June 2018, Pope Francis approved the Council of Cardinals' first draft of the new apostolic constitution, <em>Predicate Evangelium</em> (Preach the Gospel); it became effective 5 June 2022, replacing <em>Pastor Bonus</em>, the previous governing document of the Roman Curia"
},
"amendments": {
"text": "note - although the Fundamental Law of Vatican City State makes no mention of amendments, Article Four (drafting laws), states that this legislative responsibility resides with the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State; draft legislation is submitted through the Secretariat of State and considered by the pope"