auto-update week 15

central-asia/kg.json

@@ -109,13 +109,13 @@
   "People and Society": {
     "Population": {
       "total": {
-        "text": "6,172,101"
+        "text": "6,172,101 (2024 est.)"
       },
       "male": {
         "text": "3,021,318"
       },
       "female": {
-        "text": "3,150,783 (2024 est.)"
+        "text": "3,150,783"
       }
     },
     "Nationality": {
@@ -140,9 +140,6 @@
     "Religions": {
       "text": "Muslim 90% (majority Sunni), Christian 7% (Russian Orthodox 3%), other 3% (includes Jewish, Buddhist, Baha'i) (2017 est.)"
     },
-    "Demographic profile": {
-      "text": "<p>Kyrgyzstan is a sparsely populated country whose population is unevenly distributed.  More than 50% of the population lives in or around the two cities of Bishkek and Osh and their surrounding districts, which together account for about 12% of the country’s area.  Kyrgyzstan’s population continues to grow rapidly owing to its high fertility rate and the traditional preference for larger families, a low mortality rate, a growing share of women of reproductive age, and measures to support families with children. The country has a youthful age structure; over 45% of the population is under the age of 25 as of 2022.  Nevertheless, Kyrgyzstan is transitioning from an agricultural society with high fertility and mortality rates to an industrial society with lower fertility and mortality rates.</p> <p>As part of the USSR, Kyrgyzstan’s rapid population growth was not problematic because its needs were redistributed among the Soviet States.  As an independent state, however, population growth became burdensome.  International labor migration continues to serve as a safety valve that decreases pressure on the labor market and resources (healthcare, education, and pensions), while also reducing poverty through much-needed remittances.  The main destinations for labor migrants are Russia and Kazakhstan, where wages are higher; almost a third of Kyrgyzstan’s working-age population migrates to Russia alone.  Outmigration was most pronounced in the 1990s, after the collapse of the USSR, when ethnic Russians, Ukrainians, and Germans left Kyrgyzstan, changing the proportion of ethnic Kyrgyz in the country from barely 50% in 1992 to almost three-quarters today.</p> <p>While Kyrgyzstan is a net emigration country, it does receive immigrants.  The majority of immigrants are from the Commonwealth of Independent States – particularly Kazakhstan, Russia, and Uzbekistan – but more recent arrivals also include persons from China, Turkey, and Turkmenistan.  Chinese immigrants work primarily in construction and gold mining, while Turkish immigrants mainly work in construction, trade, education, and services.  Border areas between Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan experience irregular migration, but many of these migrants plan to move on to Europe.</p>"
-    },
     "Age structure": {
       "0-14 years": {
         "text": "29.1% (male 922,086/female 873,245)"
@@ -488,7 +485,7 @@
         "text": "Kyrgyzstan"
       },
       "etymology": {
-        "text": "a combination of the Turkic words \"kyrg\" (forty) and \"-yz\" (tribes) with the Persian suffix \"-stan\" (country) creating the meaning \"Land of the Forty Tribes\"; the name refers to the 40 clans united by the mythic Kyrgyz hero, MANAS"
+        "text": "named for the local Kyrgyz people, with \"-stan\" coming from the Persian word <em>ostan</em>, meaning \"country;\" the Kyrgyz name may derive from the Turkic root words <em>kir</em>, or \"steppe,\" and <em>gismek</em>, \"to wander;\" the name is traditionally said to come from a combination of the Turkic words <em>kyrg </em>(forty) and -<em>is </em>(hundred), based on a tale about two tribes and the number of their tents"
       }
     },
     "Government type": {

central-asia/kz.json

@@ -112,13 +112,13 @@
   "People and Society": {
     "Population": {
       "total": {
-        "text": "20,260,006"
+        "text": "20,260,006 (2024 est.)"
       },
       "male": {
         "text": "9,817,172"
       },
       "female": {
-        "text": "10,442,834 (2024 est.)"
+        "text": "10,442,834"
       }
     },
     "Nationality": {
@@ -144,9 +144,6 @@
     "Religions": {
       "text": "Muslim 69.3%, Christian 17.2% (Orthodox 17%, other 0.2%), Buddhism 0.1%, other 0.1%, non-believers 2.3%, unspecified 11% (2021 est.)"
     },
-    "Demographic profile": {
-      "text": "<p>Nearly 40% of Kazakhstan’s population is under the age of 25.  Like many former Soviet states, Kazakhstan’s total fertility rate (TFR) – the average number of births per woman – decreased after independence amidst economic problems and fell below replacement level, 2.1.  However, in the late 2000s, as the economy improved and incomes rose, Kazakhstan experienced a small baby boom and TFR reached 2.5.  TFR has since fallen and is now just over 2.1.  Mortality rates are also decreasing and life expectancy is rising, signs that Kazakhstan’s demographic transition is progressing. </p> <p>Kazakhstan has a diverse population consisting of Asian ethnic groups (predominantly Kazakhs, as well as Uzbeks, Uighurs, and Tatars) and ethnic Europeans (mainly Russians but also Ukrainians and Germans).  Approximately two thirds of Kazakhstan’s population today is Kazakh.  During the mid-20th century, as Kazakhstan industrialized, waves of ethnic Russians and deportees from other parts of the Soviet Union arrived.  Eventually, the ethnic Russian population outnumbered the Kazakhs.  In the 1990s, following Kazakhstan’s independence, Russian and other ethnic Europeans began emigrating, while some ethnic Kazakhs (referred to as Oralmans) returned to their homeland from neighboring countries, China, and Mongolia.  As a result, the country’s ethnic make-up changed, and a Kazakh majority was reestablished.</p> <p>In recent years, Kazakhstan has shifted from being mainly a migrant-sending country to a migrant-receiving country.  Due to its oil-driven economic boom, Kazakhstan has become a more popular destination.  The country needs highly skilled workers in the industrial, business, and education sectors and low-skilled labor in agriculture, markets, services, and construction.  Kazakhstan is increasingly reliant on migrant workers, primarily from Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan, to fill its labor shortage.  At the same time, highly skilled Kazakhs continue to emigrate, mostly to Russia, seeking higher salaries or further education.</p>"
-    },
     "Age structure": {
       "0-14 years": {
         "text": "27.6% (male 2,883,200/female 2,712,772)"
@@ -497,7 +494,7 @@
         "text": "Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic"
       },
       "etymology": {
-        "text": "the name \"Kazakh\" may derive from the Turkic word \"kaz\" meaning \"to wander,\" recalling the Kazakh's nomadic lifestyle; the Persian suffix \"-stan\" means \"place of\" or \"country,\" so the word Kazakhstan literally means \"Land of the Wanderers\""
+        "text": "the name may derive from the Turkic word <em>kazak, </em>meaning \"nomad;\" the Persian suffix -<em>stan</em> means \"place of\" or \"country\""
       }
     },
     "Government type": {

central-asia/rs.json

@@ -127,13 +127,13 @@
   "People and Society": {
     "Population": {
       "total": {
-        "text": "140,820,810"
+        "text": "140,820,810 (2024 est.)"
       },
       "male": {
         "text": "65,496,805"
       },
       "female": {
-        "text": "75,324,005 (2024 est.)"
+        "text": "75,324,005"
       }
     },
     "Nationality": {
@@ -660,8 +660,20 @@
       "number of seats": {
         "text": "170 (all appointed)"
       },
+      "scope of elections": {
+        "text": "Full renewal"
+      },
+      "most recent election date": {
+        "text": "12/27/2020"
+      },
+      "parties elected and seats per party": {
+        "text": "Niger Party for Democracy and Socialism (PNDS Tarayya) (80); Nigerien Democratic Movement for an African Federation (Moden Fa . Lumana Africa ) (19); Patriotic Movement for the Republic (MPR-JAMHURIYA) (13); National Movement for the Development of Society (MNSD) - Nassara (13); Other (41)"
+      },
       "percentage of women in chamber": {
         "text": "18.5%"
+      },
+      "expected date of next election": {
+        "text": "December 2025"
       }
     },
     "Judicial branch": {

central-asia/ti.json

@@ -104,13 +104,13 @@
   "People and Society": {
     "Population": {
       "total": {
-        "text": "10,394,063"
+        "text": "10,394,063 (2024 est.)"
       },
       "male": {
         "text": "5,221,818"
       },
       "female": {
-        "text": "5,172,245 (2024 est.)"
+        "text": "5,172,245"
       }
     },
     "Nationality": {
@@ -136,9 +136,6 @@
     "Religions": {
       "text": "Muslim 98% (Sunni 95%, Shia 3%) other 2% (2014 est.)"
     },
-    "Demographic profile": {
-      "text": "<p>Tajikistan has a youthful age structure with almost 50% of the population under the age of 25.  As a Soviet republic, Tajikistan had the highest fertility rate in the Soviet Union.  The total fertility rate – the average number of births per woman – was highest in the mid-1970s, when it reached 6.3.  In an effort to expand populations to meet economic goals, the Soviets provided resources that made large families affordable.  The fertility rate decreased to 5 by the time of independence in 1991 and continued to decline thereafter.  In 1996, the Tajik Government discontinued subsidies for large families and having several children became too expensive.  The loss of subsidies, the 5-year civil war that followed independence, and other factors caused fertility to continue to fall steadily, but it remains above replacement level at 2.5.  The availability of healthcare providers and family planning services is limited, contributing to couples having more children than they would like.  As of 2017, 21% of women were using contraceptives.</p> <p>Tajikistan’s ethnic make-up changed with the Soviet’s introduction of industrialization.  Large numbers of Russian and Ukrainian immigrants arrived in the mid-1920s. Some were forced to immigrate while others came voluntarily to work in the cotton industry and in Tajikistan’s Soviet Government.  The Russian and Ukrainian immigrants formed urban communities, while Tajiks and Uzbeks continued to live predominantly in rural areas.  In addition, thousands of Tatars and Germans were deported to Tajikistan, accused of Nazi complicity during WWII. </p> <p>Tajikistan’s ethnic composition was later shaped by the post-independence civil war from 1992-1997 and the economic devastation that followed.  Most non-Tajik ethnic groups, including Uzbeks, Russians, Kyrgyz, and Ukrainians, fled to Russia and other former Soviet republics and many never returned, making the country overwhelming Tajik; approximately 80% of the population was Tajik by 2000. </p> <p>Since the mid-1990s, labor has probably been Tajikistan’s main export.  Remittances accounted for 30% of GDP in 2018 and are Tajikistan’s largest source of external income.  Poverty, a lack of jobs, and higher wages abroad push Tajiks to emigrate.  Russia – particularly Moscow – is the main destination, while a smaller number of religious Muslims, usually of Uzbek ancestry, migrate to Uzbekistan.  The vast majority of labor migrants are unskilled or low-skilled young men who work primarily in construction but also agriculture, transportation, and retail.  Many Tajik families are dependent on the money they send home for necessities, such as food and clothing, as well as for education and weddings rather than investment.</p>"
-    },
     "Age structure": {
       "0-14 years": {
         "text": "36.9% (male 1,953,472/female 1,877,192)"
@@ -574,7 +571,7 @@
         "text": "5 years"
       },
       "most recent election date": {
-        "text": "3/1/2020"
+        "text": "3/2/2025"
       },
       "parties elected and seats per party": {
         "text": "People's Democratic Party of Tajikistan (PDPT) (47); Agrarian Party of Tajikistan (APT) (7); Party of Economic Reforms of Tajikistan (PERT) (5); Other (4)"
@@ -583,7 +580,7 @@
         "text": "27%"
       },
       "expected date of next election": {
-        "text": "March 2025"
+        "text": "March 2030"
       }
     },
     "Legislative branch - upper chamber": {

central-asia/tx.json

@@ -109,13 +109,13 @@
   "People and Society": {
     "Population": {
       "total": {
-        "text": "5,744,151"
+        "text": "5,744,151 (2024 est.)"
       },
       "male": {
         "text": "2,842,870"
       },
       "female": {
-        "text": "2,901,281 (2024 est.)"
+        "text": "2,901,281"
       }
     },
     "Nationality": {
@@ -140,9 +140,6 @@
     "Religions": {
       "text": "Muslim 93%, Christian 6.4%, Buddhist <1%, folk religion <1%, Jewish <1%, other <1%, unspecified <1% (2020 est.)"
     },
-    "Demographic profile": {
-      "text": "<p>While Turkmenistan reputedly has a population of more than 5.6 million, the figure is most likely considerably less. Getting an accurate population estimate for the country is impossible because then President Gurbanguly BERDIMUHAMEDOW withheld the results of the last two censuses. The 2012 census results reportedly show that nearly 2 million citizens have emigrated in the last decade, which prompted BERDIMUHAMEDOW to order another census. Results of this census, covering 2008-2018, also were not released to the public but purportedly are similar. Another census was held in December 2022.</p> <p>Authorities have reacted to the dramatic population decline by preventing Turkmen from leaving the country, including removing citizens from international flights and refusing to provide necessary documents. Turkmenistan’s rise in outmigration – mainly to Turkey, Russia, and Uzbekistan – coincided with the country’s 2013-2014 economic crisis. The outflow has been sustained by poor living standards, inflation, low income, and a lack of health care. At the same time, Ashbagat is encouraging people to have more children to make up for its shrinking population.</p>"
-    },
     "Age structure": {
       "0-14 years": {
         "text": "24.5% (male 711,784/female 692,967)"
@@ -888,11 +885,11 @@
       "note": "<b>note:</b> top five import commodities based on value in dollars"
     },
     "Reserves of foreign exchange and gold": {
-      "Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 31 December 2017": {
-        "text": "$24.91 billion (31 December 2017 est.)"
+      "Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2017": {
+        "text": "$24.91 billion (2017 est.)"
       },
-      "Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 31 December 2016": {
-        "text": "$25.05 billion (31 December 2016 est.)"
+      "Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2016": {
+        "text": "$25.05 billion (2016 est.)"
       }
     },
     "Debt - external": {

central-asia/uz.json

@@ -106,13 +106,13 @@
   "People and Society": {
     "Population": {
       "total": {
-        "text": "36,520,593"
+        "text": "36,520,593 (2024 est.)"
       },
       "male": {
         "text": "18,324,813"
       },
       "female": {
-        "text": "18,195,780 (2024 est.)"
+        "text": "18,195,780"
       }
     },
     "Nationality": {