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39
europe/al.json
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@ -69,22 +69,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "41.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "38.1% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 21.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 21.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 3.2% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 3.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 16.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 13.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "28.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "34.3% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "29.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "27.5% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Irrigated land": {
@ -345,7 +345,7 @@
}
},
"Children under the age of 5 years underweight": {
"text": "1.5% (2017/18)"
"text": "1.5% (2017 est.)"
},
"Currently married women (ages 15-49)": {
"text": "67.2% (2023 est.)"
@ -363,21 +363,21 @@
},
"Education expenditure": {
"Education expenditure (% GDP)": {
"text": "2.9% of GDP (2023 est.)"
"text": "3.1% of GDP (2023 est.)"
},
"Education expenditure (% national budget)": {
"text": "10.1% national budget (2023 est.)"
"text": "10.9% national budget (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Literacy": {
"total population": {
"text": "98.8% (2017 est.)"
"text": "97.7% (2023 est.)"
},
"male": {
"text": "98.6% (2017 est.)"
"text": "98.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"female": {
"text": "99% (2017 est.)"
"text": "97.2% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
@ -409,22 +409,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "41.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "38.1% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 21.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 21.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 3.2% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 3.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 16.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 13.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "28.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "34.3% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "29.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "27.5% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
@ -1166,6 +1166,9 @@
"text": "18-27 (up to 32 in some cases) for voluntary military service for men and women; conscription abolished 2010 (2024)",
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>as of 2024, women comprised about 15% of the military's full-time personnel"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "250 Kosovo (NATO/KFOR) (2025)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the Albanian Armed Forces (AAF) are responsible for defending the country&rsquo;s independence, sovereignty, and territory, assisting with internal security, providing disaster and humanitarian relief, and participating in international peacekeeping missions; the AAF is a small, lightly armed force that has been undergoing a modernization effort to improve its ability to fulfill NATO missions; the AAF has contributed small numbers of forces to several NATO missions since Albania joined NATO in 2009, including peacekeeping/stability missions in Afghanistan, Kosovo, and Iraq, and multinational battlegroups in Bulgaria and Latvia; it has also contributed to EU and UN missions (2025)"
}

26
europe/an.json
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@ -64,22 +64,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "39.9% (2022 est.)"
"text": "39.9% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 1.6% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 1.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 0% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 0% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 38.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 38.3% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "34% (2022 est.)"
"text": "38.7% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "26.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "21.4% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Irrigated land": {
@ -326,7 +326,7 @@
"text": "1.9% of GDP (2023 est.)"
},
"Education expenditure (% national budget)": {
"text": "12% national budget (2024 est.)"
"text": "12.1% national budget (2025 est.)"
}
},
"School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
@ -358,22 +358,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "39.9% (2022 est.)"
"text": "39.9% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 1.6% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 1.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 0% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 0% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 38.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 38.3% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "34% (2022 est.)"
"text": "38.7% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "26.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "21.4% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {

33
europe/au.json
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@ -64,22 +64,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "31.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "31.5% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 16% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 16% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 0.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 0.8% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 14.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 14.7% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "47.2% (2022 est.)"
"text": "47.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "21.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "20.9% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Irrigated land": {
@ -347,10 +347,10 @@
},
"Education expenditure": {
"Education expenditure (% GDP)": {
"text": "4.8% of GDP (2022 est.)"
"text": "5.3% of GDP (2022 est.)"
},
"Education expenditure (% national budget)": {
"text": "9% national budget (2022 est.)"
"text": "9.9% national budget (2022 est.)"
}
},
"School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
@ -382,22 +382,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "31.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "31.5% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 16% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 16% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 0.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 0.8% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 14.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 14.7% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "47.2% (2022 est.)"
"text": "47.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "21.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "20.9% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
@ -1148,7 +1148,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> as of 2023, women made up about 4% of the military's full-time personnel<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> in a January 2013 referendum, a majority of Austrians voted in favor of retaining the system of compulsory military service (with the option of alternative/non-military service) instead of switching to a professional army system"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "210 Bosnia-Herzegovina (EUFOR stabilization force); 160 Kosovo (NATO/KFOR); 160 Lebanon (UNIFIL) (2025)"
"text": "210 Bosnia-Herzegovina (EUFOR stabilization force); 100 Kosovo (NATO/KFOR); 160 Lebanon (UNIFIL) (2025)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the military’s primary responsibilities are national defense and protecting Austria’s neutrality; it also has some domestic security and disaster response responsibilities; each of the nine federal states has a military command that provides a link between the military and civil authorities; the main tasks of these commands include providing military assistance during disasters and supporting security police operations<br><br>the Austrian military contributes to international peacekeeping and humanitarian missions; Austria has been constitutionally militarily non-aligned since 1955 but is an EU member and actively participates in EU peacekeeping and crisis management operations under the EU Common Security and Defense Policy; Austria is not a member of NATO but joined NATO’s Partnership for Peace framework in 1995 and participates in some NATO-led crisis management and peacekeeping operations; more than 100,000 Austrian military and civilian personnel have taken part in more than 50 international peace support and humanitarian missions since 1960 (2025)"
@ -1160,6 +1160,9 @@
},
"Space program overview": {
"text": "established a national space program in 2002; develops, builds, operates, and tracks satellites, including remote sensing and research/scientific satellites; member of the ESA; works closely with ESA and EU member states and the commercial sector to develop a range of space capabilities and technologies, including applications for satellite payloads, space flight, and space research; participates in a range of ESA/EU programs, including Space Surveillance and Tracking (SST), Copernicus Earth observation, and Galileo global navigation satellite system; also cooperates with other foreign space agencies and industries, including those of China, India, Russia, and the US (2025)"
},
"Key space-program milestones": {
"text": "1981 - became an associate ESA member (full member in 1987)<br><br>1991 - first Austrian in space on Soviet Mir Space Station<br><br>2013 - first domestically built science/technology (star observation) satellites (TUGSAT-1 and UniBRITE) launched by India<br><br>2017 - worked with China to produce world’s first quantum-encrypted satellite communications teleconference from Beijing to Vienna<br><br>2024 - signed US-led Artemis Accords outlining best practices for cooperative space exploration"
}
},
"Terrorism": {

35
europe/be.json
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@ -75,22 +75,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "44.6% (2022 est.)"
"text": "44.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 28.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 28.3% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 0.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 0.8% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 15.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 15.3% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "22.6% (2022 est.)"
"text": "22% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "32.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "33.6% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Irrigated land": {
@ -344,7 +344,7 @@
}
},
"Children under the age of 5 years underweight": {
"text": "1% (2014/15)"
"text": "0.3% (2023 est.)"
},
"Currently married women (ages 15-49)": {
"text": "43.2% (2023 est.)"
@ -359,10 +359,10 @@
},
"Education expenditure": {
"Education expenditure (% GDP)": {
"text": "6.4% of GDP (2021 est.)"
"text": "6.3% of GDP (2022 est.)"
},
"Education expenditure (% national budget)": {
"text": "11.3% national budget (2021 est.)"
"text": "12% national budget (2022 est.)"
}
},
"School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
@ -394,22 +394,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "44.6% (2022 est.)"
"text": "44.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 28.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 28.3% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 0.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 0.8% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 15.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 15.3% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "22.6% (2022 est.)"
"text": "22% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "32.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "33.6% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
@ -507,7 +507,7 @@
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "3 regions (French: <em>régions</em>, singular - <em>région</em>; Dutch: <em>gewesten</em>, singular - <em>gewest</em>); Brussels-Capital Region, also known as Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest (Dutch), Region de Bruxelles-Capitale (French long form), Bruxelles-Capitale (French short form); Flemish Region (Flanders), also known as Vlaams Gewest (Dutch long form), Vlaanderen (Dutch short form), Région Flamande (French long form), Flandre (French short form); Walloon Region (Wallonia), also known as Région Wallonne (French long form), Wallonie (French short form), Waals Gewest (Dutch long form), Wallonie (Dutch short form)",
"text": "3 regions (French: <em>régions</em>, singular - <em>région</em>; Dutch: <em>gewesten</em>, singular - <em>gewest</em>); Brussels-Capital Region, also known as Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest (Dutch), R<em>é</em>gion de Bruxelles-Capitale (French long form), Bruxelles-Capitale (French short form); Flemish Region (Flanders), also known as Vlaams Gewest (Dutch long form), Vlaanderen (Dutch short form), Région Flamande (French long form), Flandre (French short form); Walloon Region (Wallonia), also known as Région Wallonne (French long form), Wallonie (French short form), Waals Gewest (Dutch long form), Wallonie (Dutch short form)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> as a result of the 1993 constitutional revision that furthered devolution into a federal state, there are now three levels of government (federal, regional, and linguistic community) with a complex division of responsibilities; the 2012 sixth state reform transferred additional competencies from the federal state to the regions and linguistic communities"
},
"Legal system": {
@ -1210,6 +1210,9 @@
},
"Space program overview": {
"text": "builds satellites, particularly research/science/technology and remote sensing platforms; researches, develops, and produces a wide variety of space technologies, including telecommunications, optics, robotics, scientific instruments, and space launch vehicle components; founding member of the ESA and participates in a variety of ESA and EU projects, such as Space Surveillance and Tracking, Copernicus Earth observation, and Galileo global navigation satellite system; hosts the European Space Security and Education Center (established 1968); participates in international astronomy efforts, particularly through the European Southern Observatory (ESO); has worked with a variety of foreign space agencies and commercial entities outside Europe, including those of Argentina, China, India, Russia, South Africa, UAE, Vietnam, and the US (2025)"
},
"Key space-program milestones": {
"text": "1986 - joined first European Earth Observation program; founding member of European Organization for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites<br><br>1992 - first Belgian astronaut in space on the US Space Shuttle<br><br>2001 - first remote sensing satellite (PROBA-1) launched by India<br><br>2024 - signed US-led Artemis Accords outlining best practices for space exploration"
}
},
"Terrorism": {

36
europe/bk.json
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@ -64,22 +64,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "44.2% (2022 est.)"
"text": "21.7% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 19.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 7.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 2.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 1.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 22.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 12.8% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "42.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "42.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "13.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "36.1% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Irrigated land": {
@ -326,10 +326,10 @@
},
"Education expenditure": {
"Education expenditure (% GDP)": {
"text": "3% of GDP (2022 est.)"
"text": "3.2% of GDP (2023 est.)"
},
"Education expenditure (% national budget)": {
"text": "10.4% national budget (2021 est.)"
"text": "10.2% national budget (2021 est.)"
}
},
"School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
@ -361,22 +361,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "44.2% (2022 est.)"
"text": "21.7% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 19.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 7.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 2.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 1.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 22.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 12.8% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "42.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "42.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "13.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "36.1% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
@ -552,10 +552,10 @@
"text": "4 years"
},
"most recent election date": {
"text": "10/2/2022"
"text": "2/16/2023"
},
"parties elected and seats per party": {
"text": "Party of Democratic Action (SDA) (9); Alliance of Independent Social Democrats (SNSD) (6); Social Democratic Party of Bosnia and Herzegovina (SDP) (5); HDZ BiH, HSS, HSP BiH, HKDU, HSPAS, HDU, HSPHB, HRAST (4); Democratic Front (DF) - Civic Alliance (GS) (3); People and Justice (NAROD I PRAVDA) (3); Other (12)"
"text": "Party of Democratic Action (SDA) (9); Alliance of Independent Social Democrats (SNSD) (6); Social Democratic Party of Bosnia and Herzegovina (SDP) (5); HDZ BiH, HSS, HSP BiH, HKDU, HSPAS, HDU, HSPHB, HRAST (4); Democratic Front (DF) - Civic Alliance (GS) (3); People and Justice (NAROD I PRAVDA) (3); (3); Republican Party of the Social Order (PROS) (3); Other (15)"
},
"percentage of women in chamber": {
"text": "19%"
@ -578,7 +578,7 @@
"text": "4 years"
},
"most recent election date": {
"text": "2/16/2023"
"text": "10/2/2022"
},
"percentage of women in chamber": {
"text": "6.7%"
@ -623,7 +623,7 @@
},
"Diplomatic representation from the US": {
"chief of mission": {
"text": "Ambassador (vacant); Charg&eacute; d&rsquo;Affaires Daniel KOSKI (since February 2025)"
"text": "Ambassador (vacant); Charg&eacute; d&rsquo;Affaires John GINKEL (since September 2025)"
},
"embassy": {
"text": "1 Robert C. Frasure Street, 71000 Sarajevo"

32
europe/bo.json
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@ -64,22 +64,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "39.9% (2022 est.)"
"text": "39.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 27.6% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 27.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 0.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 0.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 11.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 11.7% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "43.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "44% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "16.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "16.5% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Irrigated land": {
@ -354,18 +354,18 @@
"text": "5% of GDP (2023 est.)"
},
"Education expenditure (% national budget)": {
"text": "12.8% national budget (2023 est.)"
"text": "13.2% national budget (2024 est.)"
}
},
"Literacy": {
"total population": {
"text": "100% (2019 est.)"
"text": "99.9% (2019 est.)"
},
"male": {
"text": "100% (2019 est.)"
"text": "99.9% (2019 est.)"
},
"female": {
"text": "100% (2019 est.)"
"text": "99.9% (2019 est.)"
}
},
"School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
@ -397,22 +397,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "39.9% (2022 est.)"
"text": "39.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 27.6% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 27.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 0.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 0.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 11.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 11.7% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "43.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "44% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "16.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "16.5% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {

34
europe/bu.json
View file

@ -72,22 +72,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "46.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "46.1% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 31.9% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 32.1% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 1.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 1.3% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 13% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 12.7% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "36.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "36.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "17.6% (2022 est.)"
"text": "17.7% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Irrigated land": {
@ -352,10 +352,10 @@
},
"Education expenditure": {
"Education expenditure (% GDP)": {
"text": "3.9% of GDP (2022 est.)"
"text": "4.5% of GDP (2022 est.)"
},
"Education expenditure (% national budget)": {
"text": "9.4% national budget (2022 est.)"
"text": "12% national budget (2022 est.)"
}
},
"School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
@ -387,22 +387,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "46.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "46.1% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 31.9% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 32.1% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 1.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 1.3% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 13% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 12.7% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "36.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "36.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "17.6% (2022 est.)"
"text": "17.7% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
@ -1186,6 +1186,9 @@
"text": "18-40 years of age for voluntary military service; conscription ended in 2007; service obligation 6-9 months (2023)",
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> in 2021, women comprised about 17% of the Bulgarian military's full-time personnel<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> in 2020, Bulgaria announced a program to allow every citizen up to the age of 40 to join the armed forces for 6 months of military service in the voluntary reserve"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "160 Kosovo (NATO/KFOR) (2025)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the Bulgarian military is responsible for guaranteeing Bulgaria’s independence, sovereignty, and territorial integrity, providing support to international peace and security missions, and contributing to national security in peacetime, including such missions as responding to disasters or assisting with border security; the military trains regularly including in multinational exercises with regional partners and with NATO since Bulgaria joined the organization in 2004; it also participates in overseas peacekeeping and other security missions under the EU, NATO, and the UN; in 2022, Bulgaria established and began leading a NATO multinational battlegroup as part of an effort to boost NATO defenses in Eastern Europe following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine; in 2021, Bulgaria approved a 10-year defense development program, which included calls for equipment upgrades and procurements, boosts in manpower, organizational reforms, and greater focus on such areas as cyber defense, communications, logistics support, and research and development<br><br>the Bulgarian military has participated in several significant conflicts since its establishment in 1878, including the Serbo-Bulgarian War (1885), the First Balkan War (1912-13), the Second Balkan War (1913), World War I (1915-1918), and World War II (1941-45); during the Cold War it was one of the Warsaw Pact’s largest militaries with over 150,000 personnel and more than 200 Soviet-made combat aircraft (2025)"
}
@ -1196,6 +1199,9 @@
},
"Space program overview": {
"text": "has a long history of space-related activities going back to the 1960s; develops, produces, and operates satellites; researches, develops, and produces other space technologies, including those related to astrophysics, remote sensing, data exploitation, optics, and electronics; has specialized in producing scientific instruments for space research; has more than 20 research institutes; Cooperating State of the ESA since 2015; works with a variety of foreign space agencies and commercial entities, including those of the ESA, EU, individual ESA and EU member states, India, Japan, Russia, and the US (2025)"
},
"Key space-program milestones": {
"text": "1960s-1990s - participated in the Soviet Interkosmos program, which included the first Bulgarian in space (1979), first domestically produced scientific satellite launched on a Soviet rocket (1981), and participation in the Soviet VEGA project (1985)<br><br>2017 - first communications satellite (BulgariaSat-1) built and launched by US <br><br>2019 - first domestically built data/educational cube satellite (EnduroSat-1) launched by US<br><br>2023 - signed the US-led Artemis Accords outlining principles for cooperation in space exploration<br><br>2025 - domestically produced, multispectral remote sensing satellite (Balkan-1) launched by US as part of EU's Copernicus Earth observation program"
}
},
"Terrorism": {

3
europe/ee.json
View file

@ -778,6 +778,9 @@
},
"Space program overview": {
"text": "EU member states have a large and advanced commercial space sector that develops and produces a full range of capabilities and technologies; a key focus for both the European Space Agency (ESA) and the EU Agency for the Space Program (EUSPA) is encouraging this sector; Europe is a global leader in satellite-based communications and hosts the headquarters of three of the world’s major satellite communications companies<br><br><strong>ESA </strong>is comprehensive space agency that is active across the space sector, except for launching humans into space; its activities include producing and operating satellites with a full spectrum of capabilities (communications, multipurpose, navigational, remote sensing, science/technology), satellite launch vehicles (SLVs), space launches, astronaut training, space transportation/automated transfer vehicles, reusable spacecraft, space station modules, spacecraft components, robotic space labs, lunar/planetary surface rovers, interplanetary space probes and exploration, and space telescopes; ESA participates in international programs such as the International Space Station and works closely with Europe’s commercial space industry; it also works with a broad range of space agencies and industries of non-member countries, including China, Japan, Russia, and the US; many of its programs are conducted jointly, particularly with the US space program<br><br>the <strong>EUSPA </strong>is responsible for the operational management of the European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service (EGNOS) and Galileo satellite navigation programs; the EU space strategy encourages investment in and the use of space services and data, fosters competition and innovation, develops space technologies, and reinforces Europe’s autonomy in accessing space (2025)"
},
"Key space-program milestones": {
"text": "1979 - first launch of Ariane heavy-lift satellite launch vehicle (SLV)<br><br>1980s-2011 - participated in US Space Shuttle program (included more than 20 Spacelab missions, 1983-1998)<br><br>1995 - first solar satellite/orbiter (SOHO) launched<br><br>1997-2017 - Cassini-Huygens research mission to Saturn <br><br>1998-present - participating in a series of missions with varying start dates, including the International Space Station, International Gamma-Ray Astrophysics Laboratory mission (INTEGRAL), Mars Express orbiter exploration mission, Rosetta comet probe (included world’s first landing on a comet, 2014), Copernicus Earth observation program, Mars orbiter mission (ExoMars), Mercury planetary orbiter mission (BepiColombo), Solar Orbiter mission, US Gateway Lunar orbital station project<br><br>2016 - Galileo satellite-based global navigational positioning system reached initial operational capability<br><br>2019 - began development of quantum communications infrastructure (EuroQCI)<br><br>2021 - implemented EU government satellite communications (GOVSATCOM) and Space Surveillance and Awareness (SSA) components of EU space program; launched world’s first commercial, fully flexible, reprogrammable quantum satellite; launched US-built James Webb Space Telescope<br><br>2023 - launched Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer (JUICE) mission; launched Euclid space observatory/telescope<br><br>2024 - successful test launch of Ariane-6 SLV; launched probe (Hera) to study asteroid Didymos and its moon Dimorphos<br><br>2025 - announced EU Space Act, a cooperative framework for space activities across the EU"
}
},
"Terrorism": {

32
europe/ei.json
View file

@ -69,22 +69,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "63.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "60.8% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 6.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 6.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 0% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 0% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 56.6% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 54.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "11.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "11.9% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "25.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "27.3% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Irrigated land": {
@ -332,10 +332,10 @@
},
"Education expenditure": {
"Education expenditure (% GDP)": {
"text": "3% of GDP (2021 est.)"
"text": "2.9% of GDP (2021 est.)"
},
"Education expenditure (% national budget)": {
"text": "12% national budget (2021 est.)"
"text": "12.3% national budget (2021 est.)"
}
},
"School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
@ -367,22 +367,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "63.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "60.8% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 6.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 6.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 0% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 0% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 56.6% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 54.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "11.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "11.9% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "25.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "27.3% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
@ -561,7 +561,7 @@
"text": "5 years"
},
"most recent election date": {
"text": "11/29/2024"
"text": "1/29/2025 to 1/30/2025"
},
"parties elected and seats per party": {
"text": "Fianna Fáil (48); Sinn Féin (39); Fine Gael (38); Social Democratic Party (11); Labour Party (11); Independents (16); Other (11)"
@ -587,7 +587,7 @@
"text": "5 years"
},
"most recent election date": {
"text": "1/29/2025 to 1/30/2025"
"text": "11/29/2024"
},
"parties elected and seats per party": {
"text": "Fianna Fail (19); Fine Gael (18); Sinn Fein (6); Independents (12); other (5)"

30
europe/en.json
View file

@ -70,22 +70,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "23.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "23.1% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 16.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 16.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 0.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 0.1% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 6.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 6.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "57.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "57.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "19.9% (2022 est.)"
"text": "19.6% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Irrigated land": {
@ -338,10 +338,10 @@
},
"Education expenditure": {
"Education expenditure (% GDP)": {
"text": "5.7% of GDP (2022 est.)"
"text": "5.2% of GDP (2022 est.)"
},
"Education expenditure (% national budget)": {
"text": "14.6% national budget (2022 est.)"
"text": "13% national budget (2022 est.)"
}
},
"School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
@ -373,22 +373,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "23.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "23.1% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 16.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 16.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 0.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 0.1% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 6.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 6.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "57.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "57.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "19.9% (2022 est.)"
"text": "19.6% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
@ -595,7 +595,7 @@
}
},
"Political parties": {
"text": "Conservative People's Party (Konservatiivne Rahvaerakond) or EKRE<br>Estonia 200 or E200<br>Estonia Centre Party of (Keskerakond) or KE<br>Estonian Free Party or VAP<br>Estonian Greens or EER<br>Estonian Nationalists and Conservatives or ERK <br>Estonian Reform Party (Reformierakond) or RE<br>Estonian United Left Party or EÜVP<br>Fatherland or I<br>Pro Patria (Isamaa)<br>The Right or PP<br>Social Democratic Party or SDE"
"text": "Conservative People's Party of Estonia (Konservatiivne Rahvaerakond) or EKRE<br>Estonia 200 or E200<br>Estonia Centre Party of (Keskerakond) or EK<br>Estonian Free Party or VAP<br>Estonian Freedom Party - Farmers' Assembly or V-PK<br>Estonian Greens or EER<br>Estonian Nationalists and Conservatives or ERK <br>Estonian Reform Party (Reformierakond) or RE<br>Fatherland or I<br>Left Alliance or VL<br>Social Democratic Party or SDE<br>The Right or PP<br>TOGETHER organization points to sovereignty or KOOS"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {

38
europe/ez.json
View file

@ -64,22 +64,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "45.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "45.8% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 32.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 32.7% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 0.6% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 0.5% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 13% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 12.5% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "34.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "38.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "19.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "16% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Irrigated land": {
@ -342,10 +342,10 @@
},
"Education expenditure": {
"Education expenditure (% GDP)": {
"text": "4.7% of GDP (2022 est.)"
"text": "4.3% of GDP (2022 est.)"
},
"Education expenditure (% national budget)": {
"text": "11.1% national budget (2022 est.)"
"text": "10% national budget (2022 est.)"
}
},
"School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
@ -377,22 +377,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "45.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "45.8% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 32.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 32.7% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 0.6% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 0.5% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 13% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 12.5% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "34.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "38.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "19.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "16% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
@ -528,7 +528,7 @@
"text": "President Petr PAVEL (since 9 March 2023)"
},
"head of government": {
"text": "Prime Minister Petr FIALA (since 17 December 2021)"
"text": "Prime Minister Andrej BABIS (since 9 December 2025)"
},
"cabinet": {
"text": "Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister"
@ -571,16 +571,16 @@
"text": "4 years"
},
"most recent election date": {
"text": "10/8/2021 to 10/9/2021"
"text": "10/3/2025 to 10/4/2025"
},
"parties elected and seats per party": {
"text": "ANO (72); SPOLU (71); Pirate Party (Pirati) - Mayors and independents (STAN) (37); Freedom and Direct Democracy (SPD) (20)"
"text": "ANO (80); SPOLU (52); Mayors and independents (STAN) (22); Czech Pirate Party (18); Freedom and Direct Democracy (SPD) (15); Motoristé sobě (AUTO) (13)"
},
"percentage of women in chamber": {
"text": "33.5%"
},
"expected date of next election": {
"text": "October 2025"
"text": "October 2029"
}
},
"Legislative branch - upper chamber": {
@ -624,7 +624,7 @@
}
},
"Political parties": {
"text": "Action of Dissatisfied Citizens or ANO (<em lang=\"cs\">Akce nespokojených občanů)<br></em>Christian and Democratic Union - Czechoslovak People's Party or<em lang=\"cs\"> KDU-ČSL</em><br>Civic Democratic Party or ODS<br>Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia or KSČM<br>Czech Pirate Party or Piráti<br>ForMOST or ProMOST<br>Freedom and Direct Democracy or SPD<br>Independents or NEZ<br>Mayors and Independents or STAN<br>Mayors for the Liberec Region or SLK<br>Ostravak<br>Přísaha<br>Senator 21 or SEN 21<br>Social Democracy SOCDEM<br>Svobodni<br>Tradition Responsibility Prosperity 09 or TOP 09<br>Tábor 2020 or T2020<br>United Democrats - Association of Independents or SD-SN"
"text": "Action of Dissatisfied Citizens or ANO (<em lang=\"cs\">Akce nespokojených občanů)<br></em>Christian and Democratic Union - Czechoslovak People's Party or<em lang=\"cs\"> KDU-ČSL</em><br>Civic Democratic Party or ODS<br>Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia or KSČM<br>Czech Pirate Party or Piráti<br>ForMOST or ProMOST<br>Freedom and Direct Democracy or SPD<br>Independents or NEZ<br>Mayors and Independents or STAN<br>Mayors for the Liberec Region or SLK<br>Přísaha<br>Senator 21 or SEN 21<br>Social Democracy SOCDEM<br>Svobodni<br>Tradition Responsibility Prosperity 09 or TOP 09<br>Tábor 2020 or T2020<br>United Democrats - Association of Independents or SD-SN"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {

28
europe/fi.json
View file

@ -75,22 +75,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "7.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "7.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 7.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 7.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 0% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 0% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 0.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 0% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "73.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "74.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "18.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "18.4% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Irrigated land": {
@ -354,10 +354,10 @@
},
"Education expenditure": {
"Education expenditure (% GDP)": {
"text": "6.5% of GDP (2021 est.)"
"text": "6.4% of GDP (2022 est.)"
},
"Education expenditure (% national budget)": {
"text": "10.2% national budget (2021 est.)"
"text": "12.1% national budget (2022 est.)"
}
},
"School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
@ -389,22 +389,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "7.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "7.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 7.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 7.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 0% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 0% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 0.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 0% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "73.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "74.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "18.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "18.4% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {

22
europe/fo.json
View file

@ -66,22 +66,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "70.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "70.1% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 0.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 0.1% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 0% (2022 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 70.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 70.1% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "0.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "0.1% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "29.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "29.8% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Population distribution": {
@ -271,22 +271,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "70.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "70.1% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 0.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 0.1% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 0% (2022 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 70.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 70.1% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "0.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "0.1% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "29.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "29.8% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
@ -356,7 +356,7 @@
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "part of the Kingdom of Denmark; self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark; there are 29 first-order municipalities (<em>kommunur</em>, singular - <em>kommuna</em>) Eidhi, Eystur, Famjin, Fuglafjordhur, Fugloy, Hov, Husavik, Hvalba, Hvannasund, Klaksvik, Kunoy, Kvivik, Nes, Porkeri, Runavik, Sandur, Sjovar, Skalavik, Skopun, Skuvoy, Sorvagur, Sumba, Sunda, Torshavn, Tvoroyri, Vagar, Vagur, Vestmanna, Vidhareidhi"
"text": "29 first-order municipalities (<em>kommunur</em>, singular - <em>kommuna</em>) Eidhi, Eystur, Famjin, Fuglafjordhur, Fugloy, Hov, Husavik, Hvalba, Hvannasund, Klaksvik, Kunoy, Kvivik, Nes, Porkeri, Runavik, Sandur, Sjovar, Skalavik, Skopun, Skuvoy, Sorvagur, Sumba, Sunda, Torshavn, Tvoroyri, Vagar, Vagur, Vestmanna, Vidhareidhi"
},
"Legal system": {
"text": "the laws of Denmark apply&nbsp;"

37
europe/fr.json
View file

@ -85,22 +85,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "51.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "52.5% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 34.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 31.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 1.9% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 1.9% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 15.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 19.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "31.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "32.7% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "16.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "15% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Irrigated land": {
@ -372,10 +372,10 @@
},
"Education expenditure": {
"Education expenditure (% GDP)": {
"text": "5.4% of GDP (2021 est.)"
"text": "5.3% of GDP (2022 est.)"
},
"Education expenditure (% national budget)": {
"text": "8.9% national budget (2021 est.)"
"text": "9.1% national budget (2022 est.)"
}
},
"School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
@ -408,22 +408,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "51.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "52.5% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 34.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 31.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 1.9% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 1.9% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 15.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 19.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "31.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "32.7% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "16.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "15% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
@ -624,7 +624,7 @@
"text": "5 years"
},
"most recent election date": {
"text": "6/30/2024 to 7/7/2024"
"text": "9/24/2023"
},
"parties elected and seats per party": {
"text": "New Popular Front (NFP)/UG (178); Ensemble (presidential majority) (150); National Rally (RN) (125); The Republicans (LR) (39); Other (85)"
@ -638,7 +638,7 @@
},
"Legislative branch - upper chamber": {
"chamber name": {
"text": "Senate (Sénat)"
"text": "Senate (S&eacute;nat)"
},
"number of seats": {
"text": "348 (all indirectly elected)"
@ -650,7 +650,7 @@
"text": "6 years"
},
"most recent election date": {
"text": "9/24/2023"
"text": "6/30/2024 to 7/7/2024"
},
"percentage of women in chamber": {
"text": "37.1%"
@ -1284,6 +1284,9 @@
},
"Space program overview": {
"text": "has one of Europe&rsquo;s largest space programs and is one of the top contributors to the ESA; has independent capabilities in all areas, except for autonomous manned space flight; can build, launch, and operate a range of space/satellite launch vehicles (SLVs) and spacecraft, including exploratory probes and a full spectrum of satellites; shifted astronaut training to ESA in 2001; hosts the ESA headquarters and its space launch facility; participates in international space programs such as the Square Kilometer Array radio telescope and International Space Station; works with a broad range of space agencies and commercial space companies, including those of China, Egypt, individual ESA and EU member countries, India, Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Mexico, Russia, the UAE, the US, and several African countries; has a large commercial space sector involved in satellite construction and payloads, launch capabilities, and a range of other space-related capabilities and technologies (2025)"
},
"Key space-program milestones": {
"text": "early 1960s - began rocket program and launched animals into space<br><br>1965 - launched first domestically produced satellite (Asterix) into space on a French Diamant rocket (third country to do so after the Soviet Union and US)<br><br>1973 - began development of Ariane heavy-lift satellite launch vehicle (SLV) along with other European states, particularly Germany and the UK; Ariane would become the ESA's SLV<br><br>1970s-1990s - development of a space plane/shuttle program (Hermes)<br><br>1982 - first French astronaut into space on a Soviet rocket<br><br>1986 - launched first joint European Earth observation/remote sensing program (SPOT)<br><br>2018 - launched project (Spaceship FR) to lay the groundwork for robotic and crewed missions to the Moon and Mars<br><br>2024 - debut launch of Ariane-6 SLV; claimed world's first satellite to ground communications via laser"
}
},
"Terrorism": {

5
europe/gi.json
View file

@ -248,7 +248,7 @@
"text": "40.7% (2023 est.)"
},
"Education expenditure": {
"text": "8.8% national budget (2023 est.)"
"text": "8.6% national budget (2025 est.)"
}
},
"Environment": {
@ -329,9 +329,6 @@
"text": "from the Spanish derivation of the Arabic <em>jabal tariq</em>, which means \"Mountain of Tariq\" and refers to the Berber chief who captured the peninsula in A.D. 711"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "none (overseas territory of the UK)"
},
"Legal system": {
"text": "the laws of the UK apply"
},

2
europe/gk.json
View file

@ -313,7 +313,7 @@
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "none (British Crown dependency); no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US government, but 10 parishes: Castel, Forest, Saint Andrew, Saint Martin, Saint Peter Port, Saint Pierre du Bois, Saint Sampson, Saint Saviour, Torteval, Vale",
"text": "no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US government, but 10 parishes: Castel, Forest, Saint Andrew, Saint Martin, Saint Peter Port, Saint Pierre du Bois, Saint Sampson, Saint Saviour, Torteval, Vale",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> two additional parishes for Guernsey are sometimes listed -- Saint Anne on the island of Alderney and Saint Peter on the island of Sark"
},
"Legal system": {

37
europe/gm.json
View file

@ -72,22 +72,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "47.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "47.5% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 33.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 33.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 0.6% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 0.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 13.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 13.5% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "32.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "32.8% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "19.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "15% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Irrigated land": {
@ -353,17 +353,17 @@
}
},
"Children under the age of 5 years underweight": {
"text": "0.5% (2014/17)"
"text": "0.6% (2016 est.)"
},
"Currently married women (ages 15-49)": {
"text": "54.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"Education expenditure": {
"Education expenditure (% GDP)": {
"text": "4.5% of GDP (2023 est.)"
"text": "5.2% of GDP (2022 est.)"
},
"Education expenditure (% national budget)": {
"text": "9.3% national budget (2023 est.)"
"text": "10.7% national budget (2022 est.)"
}
},
"School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
@ -395,22 +395,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "47.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "47.5% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 33.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 33.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 0.6% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 0.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 13.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 13.5% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "32.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "32.8% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "19.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "15% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
@ -1218,8 +1218,8 @@
"note": "<strong>note 1: </strong>conscription ended in 2011; in 2020, the German Government launched a new voluntary conscript initiative focused on homeland security tasks, with the volunteers serving for 7 months plus 5 months as reservists over a 6-year period<br><strong><br>note 2:</strong> women have been eligible for voluntary service in all military branches and positions since 2001 and accounted for about 12% of the active-duty German military in 2023"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "100 Estonia; up to 500 Iraq (NATO); Lebanon 170 (UNIFIL); up to 1,700 Lithuania (NATO); 100 Romania (NATO); 280 Slovakia (NATO) (2024)",
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>the German military has over 2,000 ground forces, plus air and naval contingents deployed on some 18 foreign missions"
"text": "up to 500 Iraq (NATO); 300 Kosovo (NATO/KFOR), Lebanon 170 (UNIFIL); up to 1,700 Lithuania (NATO) (2025)",
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>the German military also has air and naval contingents deployed to support NATO missions"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the Bundeswehr’s core mission is the defense of Germany and its NATO partners; it has a wide range of peacetime duties, including crisis management, cyber security, deterrence, homeland security, humanitarian and disaster relief, and international peacekeeping and stability operations; as a key member of NATO and the EU, the Bundeswehr typically operates in a coalition environment, and its capabilities are largely based on NATO and EU planning goals and needs; it has participated in a range of NATO and EU missions in Europe, Africa, and Asia, as well as global maritime operations; the Bundeswehr has close bilateral defense ties with a number of EU countries, including the Czechia, France, the Netherlands, and Romania, as well as the UK and the US; it also contributes forces to UN peacekeeping missions<br><br>the Bundeswehr was established in 1955; at the height of the Cold War in the 1980s, it had nearly 600,000 personnel, over 7,000 tanks, and 1,000 combat aircraft; in addition, over 400,000 soldiers from other NATO countries—including about 200,000 US military personnel—were stationed in West Germany; in the years following the collapse of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War, the Bundeswehr shrank by more than 60% in size (over 90% in tanks and about 80% in aircraft), while funding fell from nearly 3% of GDP and over 4% of government spending in the mid-1980s to 1.2% and 1.6% respectively; by the 2010s, the Bundeswehr’s ability to fulfill its regional security commitments had deteriorated; the Russian annexation of Crimea in 2014 and full-scale assault on Ukraine in 2022 led to renewed emphasis on Germany’s leadership role in European defense and NATO and efforts to boost funding for the Bundeswehr to improve readiness, modernize, and expand (2025)"
@ -1235,6 +1235,9 @@
},
"Space program overview": {
"text": "has one of Europe&rsquo;s largest space programs and is a top contributor to the ESA; builds and operates satellites, satellite/space launch vehicles (SLVs), probes, and unmanned orbiters; researches and develops a range of capabilities and technologies, including reusable space planes, satellite payloads, rockets, propulsion-assisted landing technologies, and aeronautics; participates in EU and ESA programs, including the Cassini-Huygens research mission to Saturn, Mars and Venus exploration missions, and the Galileo global navigation satellite system; participates in ESA&rsquo;s astronaut training program and human space flight operations; hosts the European Astronaut Center; participates in international programs such as the International Space Station (ISS) and the James Webb Space Telescope; hosts mission control centers for the ISS, the ESA, and the European Organization for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT); has ties to foreign space programs, including those of China, Japan, Russia, and the US; has a robust commercial space sector&nbsp; (2025)"
},
"Key space-program milestones": {
"text": "1969 - first German scientific satellite (Azur) launched by US<br><br>1973 - participated with other European states, particularly France and the UK, in development of Ariane satellite launch vehicle<br><br>1978 - first German in space on Soviet Salyut space station<br><br>1980s-1990s - participated in US Space Shuttle program, including providing astronauts<br><br>1999 - launched a space-based X-ray telescope (ABRAXIS) on Russian rocket<br><br>2005 - began development of reusable space plane/shuttle/transporter<br><br>2019 - launched first space-based X-ray telescope (eROSITA) capable of imaging the entire sky (joint project with Russia)<br><br>2023 - signed US-led Artemis Accords for the exploration of space and the Moon; adopted a new national space strategy"
}
},
"Terrorism": {

34
europe/gr.json
View file

@ -70,22 +70,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "44.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "41.7% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 14.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 14.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 8% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 22.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 19.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "30.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "36.9% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "25.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "21.3% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Irrigated land": {
@ -339,10 +339,10 @@
},
"Education expenditure": {
"Education expenditure (% GDP)": {
"text": "3.8% of GDP (2022 est.)"
"text": "3.4% of GDP (2022 est.)"
},
"Education expenditure (% national budget)": {
"text": "7.2% national budget (2022 est.)"
"text": "6.4% national budget (2022 est.)"
}
},
"School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
@ -374,22 +374,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "44.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "41.7% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 14.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 14.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 8% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 22.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 19.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "30.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "36.9% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "25.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "21.3% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
@ -1162,7 +1162,8 @@
"note": "<strong>note 1: </strong>compulsory service applies to any individual whom the Greek authorities consider to be Greek, regardless of whether the individual considers himself Greek, has a foreign citizenship and passport, or was born or lives outside of Greece; Greek citizens living permanently outside of Greece have the right to postpone their conscription; they are permanently exempted from their military obligations when they reach the age of 45 years old<strong><br></strong><br><strong>note 2: </strong>as of 2023, women comprised nearly 17% of the military's full-time personnel"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "approximately 1,000 Cyprus; 110 Kosovo (NATO); 120 Lebanon (UNIFIL) (2024)"
"text": "approximately 1,000 Cyprus; 120 Kosovo (NATO); 130 Lebanon (UNIFIL) (2025)",
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>Greece also has air and naval units deployed in support of NATO missions"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the Hellenic Armed Forces (HAF) are responsible for protecting Greece’s independence, sovereignty, and territorial integrity; the HAF also maintains a presence on Cyprus (the Hellenic Force in Cyprus or ELDYK) to assist and support the Cypriot National Guard; as a member of the EU, NATO, and other international organizations, the HAF participates in multinational peacekeeping and other security missions abroad, taking a particular interest in missions occurring in the near regions, such as the Balkans, the Mediterranean and Aegean seas, the Middle East, and North Africa; areas of focus for the HAF include instability in the Balkans, territorial disputes with Turkey, and support to European security through the EU and NATO<br><br>Greece’s NATO membership is a key component of its security; it became a NATO member in 1952 and occupies a strategic location in the Eastern Mediterranean on NATO’s southern flank; Greece is host to several NATO facilities, including the Deployable Corps Greece (NDC-GR) headquarters in Thessaloniki, the Combined Air Operations Center in Larissa, the Multinational Peace Support Operations Training Center in Kilkis, the Multinational Sealift Coordination Center in Athens, and the Naval Base, Maritime Interdiction Operational Training Centre, and NATO Missile Firing Installation at Souda, Crete (2025)"
@ -1174,6 +1175,9 @@
},
"Space program overview": {
"text": "focuses on building and operating satellites for communications and remote sensing (RS); researches and develops space-related technologies in a variety of sectors, including agriculture, defense, environmental studies, RS, and telecommunications; contributes to and participates in ESA capabilities and programs; also participates in EU space programs and cooperates bilaterally with European and US space agencies and commercial space sectors; has a commercial space sector that researches, develops, and produces a variety of space technologies and capabilities (2025)"
},
"Key space-program milestones": {
"text": "1994 - signed first cooperation agreement with the ESA<br><br>2005 - first satellite (Hellas-Sat) for a domestic telecommunications satellite network launched by US; joined ESA (became member state in 2011)<br><br>2017 - first domestically manufactured communications satellite (UPSat) released from International Space Station<br><br>2019 - began participating in ESA’s quantum communications infrastructure (EuroQCI or “fiber in the sky”) and the US Gateway Lunar orbital/landing programs<br><br>2021 - launched ESA-assisted national program to develop, manufacture, launch, and operate small satellites <br><br>2024 - signed US-led Artemis Accords for space and Moon exploration<br><br>2025 - launched demonstrator/experimental RS cube satellite (DUTHSat-2) under ESA-assisted national small satellite program"
}
},
"Terrorism": {

30
europe/hr.json
View file

@ -69,22 +69,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "25.9% (2022 est.)"
"text": "26.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 15.2% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 15.5% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 1.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 1.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 9.2% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 9.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "34.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "34.7% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "39.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "38.2% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Irrigated land": {
@ -314,10 +314,10 @@
},
"Education expenditure": {
"Education expenditure (% GDP)": {
"text": "4.8% of GDP (2022 est.)"
"text": "4.1% of GDP (2021 est.)"
},
"Education expenditure (% national budget)": {
"text": "10.7% national budget (2022 est.)"
"text": "8.5% national budget (2021 est.)"
}
},
"School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
@ -349,22 +349,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "25.9% (2022 est.)"
"text": "26.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 15.2% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 15.5% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 1.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 1.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 9.2% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 9.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "34.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "34.7% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "39.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "38.2% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
@ -544,7 +544,7 @@
"text": "4/17/2024"
},
"parties elected and seats per party": {
"text": "Croatian Democratic Union (HDZ) (55); Social Democratic Party of Croatia (SDP) (37); Homeland Movement (DP) (11); We Can! – Political Platform (Možemo!) (10); Independent (NZ) (10); Other (28)"
"text": "Croatian Democratic Union (HDZ) (55); Social Democratic Party of Croatia (SDP) (37); Homeland Movement (DP) (11); We Can! – Political Platform (Možemo!) (10); Bridge (Most) (7); Other (20)"
},
"percentage of women in chamber": {
"text": "33.1%"

34
europe/hu.json
View file

@ -64,22 +64,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "55.6% (2022 est.)"
"text": "55.7% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 45.6% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 45.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 1.6% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 1.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 8.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 8.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "22.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "22.7% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "21.9% (2022 est.)"
"text": "20.9% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Irrigated land": {
@ -344,10 +344,10 @@
},
"Education expenditure": {
"Education expenditure (% GDP)": {
"text": "5.1% of GDP (2022 est.)"
"text": "3.8% of GDP (2022 est.)"
},
"Education expenditure (% national budget)": {
"text": "10.4% national budget (2022 est.)"
"text": "7.8% national budget (2022 est.)"
}
},
"School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
@ -379,22 +379,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "55.6% (2022 est.)"
"text": "55.7% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 45.6% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 45.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 1.6% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 1.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 8.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 8.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "22.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "22.7% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "21.9% (2022 est.)"
"text": "20.9% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
@ -580,7 +580,7 @@
"text": "Hungarian Civic Union-Christian Democratic People's Party (FIDESZ-KDNP) (135); Democratic Coalition (DK) (15); Movement for a Better Hungary (Jobbik) (10); Hungarian Socialist Party (MSZP) (10); Momentum (10); Other (19)"
},
"percentage of women in chamber": {
"text": "15.2%"
"text": "15.6%"
},
"expected date of next election": {
"text": "April 2026"
@ -625,7 +625,7 @@
},
"Diplomatic representation from the US": {
"chief of mission": {
"text": "Ambassador (vacant); Charg&eacute; d&rsquo;Affaires Robert PALLADINO (since 7 March 2025)"
"text": "Ambassador (vacant); Charg&eacute; d&rsquo;Affaires Caroline SAVAGE (since November 2025)"
},
"embassy": {
"text": "Szabadsag ter 12, H-1054 Budapest"
@ -1149,7 +1149,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> as of 2021, women comprised over 20% of Hungary's full-time military personnel"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "250 Bosnia-Herzegovina (EUFOR stabilization force); 200 Chad; 365 Kosovo (NATO/KFOR) (2025)"
"text": "250 Bosnia-Herzegovina (EUFOR stabilization force); 200 Chad; 470 Kosovo (NATO/KFOR) (2025)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the Hungarian Defense Forces (HDF) are responsible for ensuring the defense of the country’s sovereignty, territorial integrity, and citizens, and fulfilling Hungary’s commitments to the EU and NATO, as well as contributing to other international peacekeeping efforts under the UN; key areas of concern for the HDF the HDF is also responsible for some aspects of domestic security, crisis management, disaster response, and assisting law enforcement forces in border security<br><br>Hungary has been a member of NATO since 1999 and considers the collective defense ensured within the Alliance as a cornerstone of the country’s security; NATO membership is complemented by Hungary’s ties to the EU under its Common Security and Defense Policy; the HDF has participated in multiple NATO-led security missions, including in Afghanistan, Iraq, and Kosovo, as well as EU-led missions in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Mali; it hosts a NATO battlegroup comprised of troops from Croatia, Hungary, Italy, and the US, and NATO’s Multinational Division Center, a headquarters capable of commanding a division-sized force (typically 15-20,000 troops) in a crisis; both organizations were established as a result of Russian aggression against Ukraine; Hungary is a member of the Visegrad Group, a regional platform that brings together Czechia, Hungary, Poland, and Slovakia to discuss cultural, defense, and political cooperation (2025)"

24
europe/ic.json
View file

@ -69,22 +69,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "18.6% (2022 est.)"
"text": "16.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 1.2% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 1.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 0% (2022 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 17.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 15% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "0.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "0.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "80.9% (2022 est.)"
"text": "82.6% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Irrigated land": {
@ -333,10 +333,10 @@
},
"Education expenditure": {
"Education expenditure (% GDP)": {
"text": "6.7% of GDP (2023 est.)"
"text": "7.3% of GDP (2022 est.)"
},
"Education expenditure (% national budget)": {
"text": "14.8% national budget (2023 est.)"
"text": "15.7% national budget (2022 est.)"
}
},
"School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
@ -368,22 +368,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "18.6% (2022 est.)"
"text": "16.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 1.2% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 1.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 0% (2022 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 17.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 15% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "0.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "0.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "80.9% (2022 est.)"
"text": "82.6% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {

22
europe/im.json
View file

@ -63,22 +63,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "71.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "69.1% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 42.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 41.1% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 0% (2022 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 29.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 28% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "6.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "6.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "22.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "24.5% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Irrigated land": {
@ -263,22 +263,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "71.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "69.1% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 42.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 41.1% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 0% (2022 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 29.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 28% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "6.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "6.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "22.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "24.5% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
@ -340,7 +340,7 @@
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "none; no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US government, but 24 local authorities each hold elections"
"text": "no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US government, but 24 local authorities each hold elections"
},
"Legal system": {
"text": "UK laws apply, as well as Manx statutes"

41
europe/it.json
View file

@ -70,22 +70,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "44% (2022 est.)"
"text": "44.3% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 24% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 24% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 8.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 8.1% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 11.9% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 12.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "32.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "31.8% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "23.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "24% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Irrigated land": {
@ -331,21 +331,21 @@
},
"Education expenditure": {
"Education expenditure (% GDP)": {
"text": "4% of GDP (2022 est.)"
"text": "4.1% of GDP (2022 est.)"
},
"Education expenditure (% national budget)": {
"text": "7.2% national budget (2022 est.)"
"text": "7.4% national budget (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Literacy": {
"total population": {
"text": "99% (2019 est.)"
"text": "99.3% (2019 est.)"
},
"male": {
"text": "99% (2019 est.)"
"text": "99.5% (2019 est.)"
},
"female": {
"text": "99% (2019 est.)"
"text": "99.2% (2019 est.)"
}
},
"School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
@ -377,22 +377,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "44% (2022 est.)"
"text": "44.3% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 24% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 24% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 8.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 8.1% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 11.9% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 12.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "32.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "31.8% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "23.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "24% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
@ -1223,8 +1223,8 @@
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> women serve in all military branches; as of 2023, women made up about 8% of the military's full-time personnel"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "120 Djibouti; approximately 750 Bulgaria (NATO); approximately 650 Middle East (NATO, European Assistance Mission Iraq); 250 Hungary (NATO; up to 1,500 Kosovo (NATO/KFOR); 250 Latvia (NATO); 1,325 Lebanon (UNIFIL); 200 Libya; 350 Niger; 250 Romania (NATO); 150 Somalia (EUTM) (2024)",
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> Italy has about 11,500 total air, ground, and naval forces deployed on foreign missions<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> since 1960, Italy has committed more than 60,000 troops to UN missions, and it hosts a training center in Vicenza for police personnel destined for peacekeeping missions"
"text": "Italy has on average about 8,000 military personnel deployed in support of NATO, UN, and other foreign missions; significant ground troop deployments include Bulgaria (750), Hungary (250), Kosovo (870), Latvia (300), and Lebanon (875); in addition, air and naval units are deployed in support of NATO missions (2025)",
"note": "<strong>note</strong><strong>:</strong> since 1960, Italy has committed more than 60,000 troops to UN missions, and it hosts a training center in Vicenza for police personnel destined for peacekeeping missions"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the Italian military is responsible for Italy’s national defense and security and fulfilling the country’s commitments to the EU, NATO, the UN, and other multinational military, security, and humanitarian operations; it also has some domestic security duties; key areas of emphasis for Italy’s security policy and multinational cooperation are Europe’s eastern and southern flanks, including the Mediterranean Sea, East and North Africa, and the Middle East and its adjacent waters<br><br>Italy has been an active member of NATO since its founding in 1948, and the Alliance is a cornerstone of Rome’s national security strategy; it is one of NATO’s leading contributors of military forces and participates in such Alliance missions as Air Policing in the Baltics, the Enhanced Forward Presence in Eastern Europe, and maritime patrols in the Mediterranean and beyond; it hosts NATO’s Joint Force Command in Naples and a NATO Rapid Deployable Corps headquarters in Milan <br><br>Italy is also active in European/EU defense cooperation and integration, including hosting the headquarters for the EU’s Mediterranean naval operations force in Rome; in addition, Italy has close defense ties with the US and hosts several US military air, army, and naval bases and facilities (2025)"
@ -1239,6 +1239,9 @@
},
"Space program overview": {
"text": "one of the top contributors to the ESA; designs, builds, launches, and operates communications, remote sensing (RS), and scientific satellites; designs and manufactures probes, rockets, and orbital satellite launch vehicles (SLVs); researches, develops, and builds a range of other space-related technologies and participates in a wide array of international programs; hosts the ESA Center for Earth Observation; has astronaut cadre in the ESA astronaut corps; has cooperated with a variety of foreign space agencies and industries, including those of Argentina, Brazil, Canada, China, Israel, Japan, Kenya, Mexico, Russia, South Korea, Thailand, the UAE, and the US; participates in international projects such as the International Space Station; has considerable commercial space industries encompassing a wide range of capabilities (2025)"
},
"Key space-program milestones": {
"text": "1964 - first domestically manufactured science satellite (San Marco-1) launched by the US<br><br>1977 - first domestically built telecommunications/research satellite (Sirio) launched by the US<br><br>1990s-2011 - participated in US Space Shuttle program, resulting in first Italian astronaut in space (1992)<br><br>1998-present - participated in International Space Station, including the first European astronaut on the station (2001), first Italian to command it (2019-2020), and first woman to command the station (2022)<br><br>2012 - first launch of Italian-designed VEGA 3-stage satellite launch vehicle (SLV) for ESA<br><br>2020 - signed US-led Artemis Accords for space and lunar exploration <br><br>2023 - first Italian all-electric satellite (MicroHETSat) built for the ESA and launched by the US; began developing a habitat for the US-led Artemis Lunar Gateway project<br><br>2025 - passed a national space law to govern Italian space operations"
}
},
"Terrorism": {

2
europe/je.json
View file

@ -323,7 +323,7 @@
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "none (British crown dependency); no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US government, but 12 parishes; Grouville, Saint Brelade, Saint Clement, Saint Helier, Saint John, Saint Lawrence, Saint Martin, Saint Mary, Saint Ouen, Saint Peter, Saint Saviour, Trinity"
"text": "no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US government, but 12 parishes; Grouville, Saint Brelade, Saint Clement, Saint Helier, Saint John, Saint Lawrence, Saint Martin, Saint Mary, Saint Ouen, Saint Peter, Saint Saviour, Trinity"
},
"Legal system": {
"text": "the laws of the UK apply, as well as local statutes"

35
europe/lg.json
View file

@ -72,22 +72,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "31.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "31.7% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 21.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 21.9% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 0.2% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 0.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 9.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 9.7% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "54.9% (2022 est.)"
"text": "55.5% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "13.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "12.8% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Irrigated land": {
@ -317,15 +317,18 @@
"text": "16.4% (2025 est.)"
}
},
"Children under the age of 5 years underweight": {
"text": "0.3% (2021 est.)"
},
"Currently married women (ages 15-49)": {
"text": "49.1% (2023 est.)"
},
"Education expenditure": {
"Education expenditure (% GDP)": {
"text": "5.4% of GDP (2022 est.)"
"text": "4.3% of GDP (2022 est.)"
},
"Education expenditure (% national budget)": {
"text": "13.1% national budget (2022 est.)"
"text": "9.9% national budget (2022 est.)"
}
},
"School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
@ -357,22 +360,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "31.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "31.7% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 21.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 21.9% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 0.2% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 0.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 9.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 9.7% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "54.9% (2022 est.)"
"text": "55.5% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "13.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "12.8% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
@ -565,7 +568,7 @@
}
},
"Political parties": {
"text": "Development/For! or AP!<br>For Stability or S!<br>For Latvia's Development LA<br>Harmony or S<br>Honor to Serve Riga! or GKR<br>Latvia First LPV<br>Latvian Green Party or LZP<br>National Alliance or NA<br>New Unity or JV<br>People, Land, Statehood TZV<br>Social Democratic Party \"Harmony\" or S<br>The Progressives or PRO<br>Union of Greens and Farmers or ZZS<br>United List or AS<br>We for Talsi and Municipality or MTuN"
"text": "For Stability or S!<br>For Latvia's Development or LA<br>Harmony or S<br>Honor to Serve Riga! or GKR<br>Latvia First or LPV<br>National Alliance or NA<br>New Unity or JV<br>People. Land. Statehood. or TZV<br>The Progressives or PRO<br>Union of Greens and Farmers or ZZS<br>United List or AS<br>We for Talsi and Municipality or MTuN"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {
@ -1104,7 +1107,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> conscription was reintroduced in 2024<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> as of 2024, women comprised about 16.5% of the military's full-time personnel"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "135 Kosovo (KFOR/NATO) (2024)"
"text": "140 Kosovo (KFOR/NATO) (2025)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the National Armed Forces are responsible for the defense of the country’s sovereignty and territory; they also have some domestic security responsibilities, including coast guard functions, search and rescue, humanitarian assistance, and providing support to other internal security services; the Military Police provides protection to the president and other government officials, foreign dignitaries, and key facilities; Latvia’s primary external security focus is Russia<br><br>in 2004, Latvia joined NATO and the EU, both of which it depends on to play a decisive role in Latvia’s security policy; the Latvian military has participated in EU and NATO missions abroad and regularly conducts training and exercises with EU and NATO partner forces; Latvia also hosts NATO partner forces; since 2017, it has hosted a Canadian-led multinational NATO ground force battlegroup as part of the Alliance’s Enhanced Forward Presence initiative; in addition, NATO has provided air protection for Latvia since 2004 through its Baltics Air Policing mission<br><br>Latvia is a member of the UK-led Joint Expeditionary Force, a pool of high-readiness military forces from 10 Baltic and Scandinavian countries designed to respond to a wide range of contingencies in the North Atlantic, Baltic Sea, and High North regions (2025)"

32
europe/lh.json
View file

@ -66,22 +66,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "46.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "45.9% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 36.6% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 36.8% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 0.6% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 0.5% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 9.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 8.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "35.2% (2022 est.)"
"text": "35.3% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "18.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "18.8% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Irrigated land": {
@ -335,7 +335,7 @@
}
},
"Children under the age of 5 years underweight": {
"text": "2.5% (2021)"
"text": "1.1% (2021 est.)"
},
"Currently married women (ages 15-49)": {
"text": "53.4% (2023 est.)"
@ -350,10 +350,10 @@
},
"Education expenditure": {
"Education expenditure (% GDP)": {
"text": "4.3% of GDP (2021 est.)"
"text": "4.3% of GDP (2022 est.)"
},
"Education expenditure (% national budget)": {
"text": "12.7% national budget (2021 est.)"
"text": "11.8% national budget (2022 est.)"
}
},
"School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
@ -385,22 +385,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "46.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "45.9% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 36.6% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 36.8% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 0.6% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 0.5% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 9.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 8.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "35.2% (2022 est.)"
"text": "35.3% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "18.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "18.8% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
@ -593,7 +593,7 @@
}
},
"Political parties": {
"text": "Dawn of Nemunas or NA<br>Electoral Action of Poles in Lithuania or LLRA–KŠS<br>Freedom and Justice Party or LT (formerly Lithuanian Freedom Union (Liberals))<br>Freedom Party or LP<br>Homeland Union-Lithuanian Christian Democrats or TS-LKD<br>Labour Party or DP<br>Lithuanian Center Party or LCP<br>Lithuanian Christian Democracy Party or LKDP<br>Lithuanian Farmers and Greens Union or LVZS<br>Lithuanian Green Party or LZP<br>Liberals' Movement or LRLS<br>Lithuanian List or LL<br>Lithuanian Regions Party or LRP<br>Social Democratic Party of Lithuania or LSDP<br>Union of Democrats for Lithuania or DSVL"
"text": "Center-Right Union or CDS<br>Dawn of Nemunas or PPNA<br>Electoral Action of Poles in Lithuania - Christian Families Alliance or LLRA–KŠS<br>Homeland Union or TS-LKD<br>Lithuanian Farmers and Greens Union or LVŽS<br>Liberals' Movement or LRLS<br>National Alliance or NS<br>Social Democratic Party of Lithuania or LSDP<br>Union of Democrats for Lithuania or DSVL"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {

30
europe/lo.json
View file

@ -64,22 +64,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "38.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "38% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 27.9% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 27.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 0.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 0.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 10.6% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 10.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "40.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "40.3% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "21.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "21.4% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Irrigated land": {
@ -341,10 +341,10 @@
},
"Education expenditure": {
"Education expenditure (% GDP)": {
"text": "4.5% of GDP (2022 est.)"
"text": "4.7% of GDP (2022 est.)"
},
"Education expenditure (% national budget)": {
"text": "10.7% national budget (2022 est.)"
"text": "11% national budget (2022 est.)"
}
},
"School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
@ -376,22 +376,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "38.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "38% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 27.9% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 27.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 0.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 0.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 10.6% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 10.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "40.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "40.3% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "21.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "21.4% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
@ -592,7 +592,7 @@
}
},
"Political parties": {
"text": "Alliance-Szovetseg or A-S<br>Christian Union or KÚ<br>Civic Conservative Party or OKS<br>Democrats<br>Direction-Social Democracy or Smer-SSD<br>For the People or Za Ludi<br>Freedom and Solidarity or SaS<br>Life National Party or Život–NS (formerly Christian Democracy - Life and Prosperity - Alliance for Slovkia)<br>New Majority or NOVA<br>Ordinary People and Independent Personalities - New Majority or OLaNO-NOVA<br>People's Party Our Slovakia or LSNS<br>Progressive Slovakia or PS<br>Republic<br>Slovak National Party or SNS<br>Voice - Social Democracy or Hlas-SD<br>We Are Family or Sme-Rodina (formerly Party of Citizens of Slovakia)"
"text": "Direction - Social Democracy or SMER-SD<br>Freedom and Solidarity or SaS<br>Progressive Slovakia or PS<br>Republic<br>Slovakia<br>The Slovak National Party or SNS<br>The Christian Democratic Movement or KDH<br>Voice - Social Democracy or HLAS-SD"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {

31
europe/lu.json
View file

@ -64,22 +64,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "51.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "51.7% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 24.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 23.8% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 0.6% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 0.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 26.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 27.1% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "34.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "34.5% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "14.2% (2022 est.)"
"text": "13.9% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Irrigated land": {
@ -333,10 +333,10 @@
},
"Education expenditure": {
"Education expenditure (% GDP)": {
"text": "4.7% of GDP (2022 est.)"
"text": "3.7% of GDP (2022 est.)"
},
"Education expenditure (% national budget)": {
"text": "10.7% national budget (2022 est.)"
"text": "8.5% national budget (2022 est.)"
}
},
"School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
@ -368,22 +368,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "51.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "51.7% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 24.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 23.8% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 0.6% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 0.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 26.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 27.1% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "34.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "34.5% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "14.2% (2022 est.)"
"text": "13.9% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
@ -1091,6 +1091,9 @@
},
"Space program overview": {
"text": "Luxembourg Space Agency was established in 2018 to develop space policy, encourage and coordinate commercial space ventures, support space education, and promote the country&rsquo;s space-related capabilities internationally; has a national space strategy; has set up policy and funding initiatives (such as LuxIMPULSE) to encourage research, development, innovation, and entrepreneurship and attract space-based industries; focuses on developing commercial satellites and infrastructure, as well as other capabilities and technologies; hosts some of the largest commercial satellite companies in the world; member of the ESA since 2005 and participates in a variety of ESA programs; cooperates bilaterally with individual ESA and EU member states; also works with other foreign space agencies and industries, including those of Canada, China, Japan, New Zealand, South Korea, the UAE, and the US (2025)"
},
"Key space-program milestones": {
"text": "1980s - began creating a satellite telecommunications infrastructure for Europe<br><br>2014 - first privately built probe to successfully fly by the Moon (launched by China)<br><br>2018 - developed communications satellite (GOVSAT-1) to support the EU’s secure communications and space situational awareness program (GOVSATCOM)<br><br>2020 - signed US-led Artemis Accords for space exploration and agreed to join the Moon exploration mission<br><br>2021 - launched Luxembourg’s Quantum Communications Infrastructure project (LuxQCI) in support of the EU’s Quantum Communications Infrastructure (EuroQCI)<br><br>2025 - launched the Luxembourg Earth Observation System (LUXEOSys) satellite, part of a national space-based remote sensing program"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

28
europe/md.json
View file

@ -64,22 +64,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "69.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "74.1% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 52.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 56.8% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 6.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 8.1% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 10.2% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 9.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "11.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "11.3% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "18.9% (2022 est.)"
"text": "13.8% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Irrigated land": {
@ -344,7 +344,7 @@
"text": "6.6% of GDP (2023 est.)"
},
"Education expenditure (% national budget)": {
"text": "15.9% national budget (2023 est.)"
"text": "16% national budget (2024 est.)"
}
},
"School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
@ -376,22 +376,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "69.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "74.1% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 52.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 56.8% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 6.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 8.1% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 10.2% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 9.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "11.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "11.3% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "18.9% (2022 est.)"
"text": "13.8% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
@ -586,7 +586,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the Constitutional Court is autonomous; it interprets the Constitution and reviews the constitutionality of parliamentary laws and decisions, decrees of the president, and acts of the government"
},
"Political parties": {
"text": "Bloc of Communists and Socialists or BCS<br>Party of Action and Solidarity or PAS"
"text": "Common Action Party - Civil Congress or PAC-CC<br>Democracy at Home Party or PPDA<br>Future of Moldova Party or PVM<br>National Alternative Movement or MAN<br>Our Party or PN<br>Party of Action and Solidarity or PAS<br>Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova or PCRM<br>Party of Development and Consolidation of Moldova or PDCM<br>Party of Socialists of the Republic of Moldova or PSRM<br><br>"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {

28
europe/mj.json
View file

@ -69,22 +69,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "18.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "19.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 0.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 0.7% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 0.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 0.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 17.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 18.5% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "61.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "61.5% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "19.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "18.9% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Irrigated land": {
@ -343,7 +343,7 @@
}
},
"Children under the age of 5 years underweight": {
"text": "3.7% (2018/19)"
"text": "3.7% (2018 est.)"
},
"Currently married women (ages 15-49)": {
"text": "57.1% (2023 est.)"
@ -364,7 +364,7 @@
"text": "98.5% (2018 est.)"
},
"male": {
"text": "99.1% (2018 est.)"
"text": "99.2% (2018 est.)"
},
"female": {
"text": "97.9% (2018 est.)"
@ -399,22 +399,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "18.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "19.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 0.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 0.7% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 0.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 0.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 17.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 18.5% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "61.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "61.5% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "19.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "18.9% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {

26
europe/mk.json
View file

@ -64,22 +64,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "49.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "49.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 16.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 16.5% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 1.6% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 1.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 31.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 31.5% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "39.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "40.9% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "10.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "9.5% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Irrigated land": {
@ -324,7 +324,7 @@
}
},
"Children under the age of 5 years underweight": {
"text": "0.9% (2018/19)"
"text": "0.9% (2019 est.)"
},
"Currently married women (ages 15-49)": {
"text": "66.5% (2023 est.)"
@ -371,22 +371,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "49.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "49.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 16.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 16.5% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 1.6% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 1.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 31.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 31.5% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "39.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "40.9% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "10.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "9.5% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {

4
europe/mn.json
View file

@ -283,7 +283,7 @@
},
"Education expenditure": {
"Education expenditure (% GDP)": {
"text": "1.2% of GDP (2022 est.)"
"text": "1.7% of GDP (2023 est.)"
},
"Education expenditure (% national budget)": {
"text": "7.7% national budget (2023 est.)"
@ -403,7 +403,7 @@
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "none; no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US government, but 4 quarters (<em>quartiers</em>, singular - <em>quartier</em>); Fontvieille, La Condamine, Monaco-Ville, Monte-Carlo",
"text": "no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US government, but 4 quarters (<em>quartiers</em>, singular - <em>quartier</em>); Fontvieille, La Condamine, Monaco-Ville, Monte-Carlo",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> Moneghetti, part of La Condamine, is sometimes called the fifth quarter of Monaco"
},
"Legal system": {

27
europe/mt.json
View file

@ -69,22 +69,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "27.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "25.9% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 24.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 22.8% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 3.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 0% (2022 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "1.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "1.5% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "71.2% (2022 est.)"
"text": "66.4% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Irrigated land": {
@ -328,15 +328,18 @@
"text": "20.2% (2025 est.)"
}
},
"Children under the age of 5 years underweight": {
"text": "0.7% (2022 est.)"
},
"Currently married women (ages 15-49)": {
"text": "63.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"Education expenditure": {
"Education expenditure (% GDP)": {
"text": "4.8% of GDP (2022 est.)"
"text": "4.7% of GDP (2022 est.)"
},
"Education expenditure (% national budget)": {
"text": "12.7% national budget (2022 est.)"
"text": "12.5% national budget (2022 est.)"
}
},
"School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
@ -368,22 +371,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "27.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "25.9% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 24.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 22.8% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 3.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 0% (2022 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "1.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "1.5% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "71.2% (2022 est.)"
"text": "66.4% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {

37
europe/nl.json
View file

@ -73,22 +73,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "53.6% (2022 est.)"
"text": "53.5% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 29.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 30% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 1.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 1.1% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 22.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 22.5% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "11% (2022 est.)"
"text": "10.9% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "35.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "35.5% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Irrigated land": {
@ -350,10 +350,10 @@
},
"Education expenditure": {
"Education expenditure (% GDP)": {
"text": "5.1% of GDP (2022 est.)"
"text": "5.2% of GDP (2022 est.)"
},
"Education expenditure (% national budget)": {
"text": "11.6% national budget (2022 est.)"
"text": "12% national budget (2022 est.)"
}
},
"School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
@ -385,22 +385,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "53.6% (2022 est.)"
"text": "53.5% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 29.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 30% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 1.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 1.1% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 22.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 22.5% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "11% (2022 est.)"
"text": "10.9% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "35.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "35.5% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
@ -593,16 +593,16 @@
"text": "4 years"
},
"most recent election date": {
"text": "11/22/2023"
"text": "10/29/2025"
},
"parties elected and seats per party": {
"text": "Party for Freedom (PVV) (37); Labour Party (PvdA) (25); People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD) (24); New Social Contract (NSC) (20); Democrats 66 (D66) (9); Other (35)"
"text": "Democrats 66 (D66) (26); Party for Freedom (PVV) (26); People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD) (22); Green Left - Labour Party (PvdA) (20); Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) (18); JA21 (9); Other (29)"
},
"percentage of women in chamber": {
"text": "42.7%"
},
"expected date of next election": {
"text": "October 2025"
"text": "October 2029"
}
},
"Legislative branch - upper chamber": {
@ -1237,6 +1237,9 @@
},
"Space program overview": {
"text": "has a national space program focused on developing advanced space technologies and services based on satellite data; builds and operates a range of satellites, including communications and remote sensing (RS); researches and develops technologies related to astrophysics, atmospheric measuring instruments, planetary/exoplanetary research, propulsion systems, RS, robotics, and telecommunications; founding member of the ESA and active in the EU space community; hosts the ESA's main research and technology center; participates in building European satellite launch vehicles and a range of other European space programs, such as Copernicus Earth observation and the Galileo global navigation satellite system; participates in international programs, including the International Space Station and the Square Kilometer Array project; works with other foreign space agencies and industries, including those of Japan and the US; has a robust commercial space sector&nbsp; (2025)"
},
"Key space-program milestones": {
"text": "1960s - established space program<br><br>1974-1983 - developed advanced astronomical observatory satellites jointly with US, including the Astronomical Netherlands Satellite and the Infrared Astronomical Satellite <br><br>1985 - first Dutch citizen in space on the US Space Shuttle<br><br>2023 - signed US-led Artemis Accords for space and lunar exploration<br><br>2025 - launched the first of four planned synthetic aperture radar (SAR) remote sensing satellites"
}
},
"Terrorism": {

31
europe/no.json
View file

@ -76,22 +76,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "2.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "2.7% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 2.2% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 2.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 0% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 0% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 0.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 0.5% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "33.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "33.3% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "63.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "64% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Irrigated land": {
@ -356,10 +356,10 @@
},
"Education expenditure": {
"Education expenditure (% GDP)": {
"text": "4% of GDP (2022 est.)"
"text": "5.5% of GDP (2022 est.)"
},
"Education expenditure (% national budget)": {
"text": "10.1% national budget (2022 est.)"
"text": "14.5% national budget (2022 est.)"
}
},
"School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
@ -391,22 +391,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "2.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "2.7% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 2.2% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 2.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 0% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 0% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 0.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 0.5% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "33.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "33.3% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "63.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "64% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
@ -1192,6 +1192,9 @@
},
"Space program overview": {
"text": "jointly designs and builds satellites with foreign partners, including communications, remote sensing (RS), scientific, and navigational/positional satellites; develops and launches sounding rockets; researches and produces a range of other space-related technologies, including satellite/space launch vehicle (SLV) and space station components, telescopes, and robotics; conducts solar and telecommunications research; member of the ESA; participates in international programs such as the International Space Station; hosts training on the island of Svalbard for Mars landing missions; cooperates with a variety of foreign space agencies and industries, including those of Canada, ESA/EU member states, Japan, Russia, and the US; has an active and advanced private-sector space industry that works with domestic and foreign space programs&nbsp; (2025)"
},
"Key space-program milestones": {
"text": "1962 - launched first research rocket<br><br>1992 - began operating first communications satellite (THOR-1)<br><br>2010 - built first satellite (AISSat-1) to monitor from polar orbit Automatic Identification Signals from ships (launched by India)<br><br>2017 - launched two microsatellites (NorSat-1 and -2) to track commercial sea vessels<br><br>2025 - signed US-led Artemis Accords for space and lunar exploration"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

40
europe/pl.json
View file

@ -69,22 +69,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "46.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "47.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 36.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 36.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 1.2% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 1.1% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 8.6% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 9.8% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "31.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "31% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "22.6% (2022 est.)"
"text": "21% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Irrigated land": {
@ -347,15 +347,18 @@
"text": "17.8% (2025 est.)"
}
},
"Children under the age of 5 years underweight": {
"text": "0.7% (2019 est.)"
},
"Currently married women (ages 15-49)": {
"text": "56.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"Education expenditure": {
"Education expenditure (% GDP)": {
"text": "4.6% of GDP (2022 est.)"
"text": "4.3% of GDP (2022 est.)"
},
"Education expenditure (% national budget)": {
"text": "10.5% national budget (2022 est.)"
"text": "10% national budget (2022 est.)"
}
},
"School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
@ -387,22 +390,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "46.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "47.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 36.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 36.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 1.2% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 1.1% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 8.6% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 9.8% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "31.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "31% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "22.6% (2022 est.)"
"text": "21% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
@ -649,7 +652,7 @@
}
},
"Political parties": {
"text": "AGROunion or AU<br>Center for Poland or CdP<br>Civic Platform or PO<br>Confederation of the Polish Crown or KKP<br>Kukiz' 15 or K'15<br>Labor Union or UP<br>Law and Justice or PiS<br>Left Together or LR<br>Modern or .N<br>National Movement or NN<br>New Hope or RN<br>New Left or NL<br>Poland 2050 or PL2050<br>Polish Initiative or iPL<br>Polish People's Party or PSL<br>Polish Socialist Party or PPS<br>Renewal of the Republic of Poland or ON RP<br>Sovereign Poland or SP<br>The Greens or Zieloni<br>Union of European Democrats or UED<br>Yes! For Poland or T!DPL"
"text": "Civic Coalition<br>Confederation<br>Free Republicans<br>Polish Coalition or PSL<br>The Left<br>United Right or PiS"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {
@ -1213,8 +1216,8 @@
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> as of 2024, women made up about 16.5% of the military's full-time personnel<br><br><strong>note 2: </strong>in 2022, Poland announced a new 12-month voluntary military service program with recruits going through a one-month basic training period with a military unit, followed by 11 months of specialized training; upon completion of service, the volunteers would be allowed to join the Territorial Defense Forces or the active reserve, and have priority to join the professional army and be given preference for employment in the public sector; the program is part of an effort to increase the size of the Polish military"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "210 Kosovo (NATO/KFOR); up to 180 Latvia (NATO); 190 Lebanon (UNIFIL); approximately 230 Romania (NATO) (2024)",
"note": "<strong>note 1: </strong>Poland has obligated about 2,500 troops to the Lithuania, Poland, and Ukraine joint military brigade (LITPOLUKRBRIG), which was established in 2014; the brigade is headquartered in Poland and is comprised of an international staff, three battalions, and specialized units; units affiliated with the multinational brigade remain within the structures of the armed forces of their respective countries until the brigade is activated for participation in an international operation"
"text": "250 Kosovo (NATO/KFOR); up to 300 Latvia (NATO); 190 Lebanon (UNIFIL) (2025)",
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>Poland has obligated about 2,500 troops to the Lithuania, Poland, and Ukraine joint military brigade (LITPOLUKRBRIG), which was established in 2014; the brigade is headquartered in Poland and is comprised of an international staff, three battalions, and specialized units; units affiliated with the multinational brigade remain within the structures of the armed forces of their respective countries until the brigade is activated for participation in an international operation"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the Polish Armed Forces are responsible for defense of the country's sovereignty and territory, deterring potential threats, and fulfilling Poland's commitments to NATO, EU, and European security; Poland’s geographic location on NATO’s eastern flank and its history of foreign invasion underpin the Polish military’s focus on territorial and border defense; in peacetime, the Armed Forces provide support to the Border Guard; other security concerns include hybrid threats from Russia and Belarus, such as cyberattacks, sabotage, and weaponized migration; since the 2010s, Poland has taken steps to enhance the security of its borders with Russia and Belarus<br><br>since 2014, Poland has hosted several NATO military formations designed to enhance the defense of Poland and NATO’s eastern flank, including a US-led multinational NATO ground force battlegroup as part of the Alliance’s Enhanced Forward Presence initiative, NATO fighter detachments at Malbork Air Base, a NATO-led divisional headquarters (Multinational Division Northeast), which coordinates training and preparation activities of its respective subordinate battlegroups in Poland and Lithuania, and a corps-level NATO field headquarters (Multinational Corps Northeast); Poland also has increased the the US military presence in the country; Poland participates in a variety of EU and NATO military deployments in Africa, the Baltic States, Southern Europe, and the Middle East; Poland also provided support to the NATO mission in Afghanistan (2025)"
@ -1226,6 +1229,9 @@
},
"Space program overview": {
"text": "builds satellites, including nano/cube remote sensing (RS) and scientific/technology satellites; researches and develops communications, RS, navigational, and other scientific applications for satellite payloads; creating infrastructure for data from meteorological and environmental satellites; researches and develops other space-related technologies, including sensors and robotic probes for interplanetary landers, and launcher systems; space program is integrated with the ESA and the EU; participates in a variety of ESA/EU and international programs; cooperates with a variety of other foreign space agencies and industries, including those of Brazil, Canada, China, ESA/EU member states (particularly France, Germany, Italy), India, Japan, Mexico, Russia, Ukraine, UK, and the US; has a commercial space sector with more than 300 active enterprises (2025)"
},
"Key space-program milestones": {
"text": "1978 - first Polish astronaut in space on Soviet spacecraft<br><br>1991 - began cooperating with the ESA<br><br>1994 - began participating in Russia's Koronas solar research missions <br><br>2012 - joined ESA; first domestically built scientific nanosatellite (PW-Sat) launched on European rocket<br><br>2021 - joined US-led Artemis Accords for lunar and space exploration<br><br>2024 - successfully launched domestically developed experimental suborbital rocket (ILR-33 Amber 2K) to altitude of 101 kms<br><br>2025 - first Polish astronaut and scientific mission on International Space Station"
}
},
"Terrorism": {

33
europe/po.json
View file

@ -76,22 +76,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "42.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "43.3% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 10.2% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 10.1% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 9.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 9.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 23.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 23.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "36.2% (2022 est.)"
"text": "36.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "21.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "5.7% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Irrigated land": {
@ -336,17 +336,17 @@
}
},
"Children under the age of 5 years underweight": {
"text": "0.4% (2015/16)"
"text": "0.9% (2016 est.)"
},
"Currently married women (ages 15-49)": {
"text": "52.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"Education expenditure": {
"Education expenditure (% GDP)": {
"text": "4.3% of GDP (2022 est.)"
"text": "4.6% of GDP (2022 est.)"
},
"Education expenditure (% national budget)": {
"text": "9.8% national budget (2022 est.)"
"text": "10.4% national budget (2022 est.)"
}
},
"School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
@ -378,22 +378,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "42.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "43.3% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 10.2% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 10.1% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 9.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 9.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 23.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 23.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "36.2% (2022 est.)"
"text": "36.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "21.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "5.7% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
@ -1165,6 +1165,9 @@
},
"Space program overview": {
"text": "largely focuses on the acquisition and operation of satellites; researches and develops a range of space-related technologies with an emphasis on small satellites for remote sensing (RS), navigational, science/technology, and telecommunications, as well as satellite launch services; space program is integrated with the ESA and involved in a variety of ESA and EU space programs; works with the space agencies and industries of a range of countries, including Algeria, Angola, Brazil, China, India, Japan, Morocco, South Korea, and the US; also cooperates with international organizations and projects such as the Europe South Observatory and the Square Kilometer Array; one of the objectives of the country's national space strategy is to expand its commercial space sector (2025)"
},
"Key space-program milestones": {
"text": "1993 - first technology demonstrator microsatellite (PoSat-1) launched on a European rocket<br><br>2000 - joined the ESA<br><br>2020 - launched strategic plan for space development (Portugal Space 2030), which included building a spaceport, developing a reusable rocket/satellite launch vehicle, growing the country's domestic commercial space sector, and establishing an Earth observation/remote sensing satellite constellation<br><br>2024 - first Portuguese communications satellite (PoSat-2) launched by US as part of a planned constellation of 12 ocean-monitoring/maritime communication satellites"
}
},
"Terrorism": {

36
europe/ri.json
View file

@ -64,22 +64,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "41.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "40.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 30.9% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 31% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 2.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 2.5% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 7.9% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 6.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "32.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "40.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "26.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "27.2% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Irrigated land": {
@ -341,7 +341,7 @@
}
},
"Children under the age of 5 years underweight": {
"text": "1% (2019)"
"text": "1% (2019 est.)"
},
"Currently married women (ages 15-49)": {
"text": "60.8% (2023 est.)"
@ -356,21 +356,21 @@
},
"Education expenditure": {
"Education expenditure (% GDP)": {
"text": "3.2% of GDP (2022 est.)"
"text": "3.4% of GDP (2023 est.)"
},
"Education expenditure (% national budget)": {
"text": "7.4% national budget (2022 est.)"
"text": "8.4% national budget (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Literacy": {
"total population": {
"text": "99% (2019 est.)"
"text": "99.3% (2022 est.)"
},
"male": {
"text": "100% (2019 est.)"
"text": "99.6% (2022 est.)"
},
"female": {
"text": "99% (2019 est.)"
"text": "99.1% (2022 est.)"
}
},
"School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
@ -402,22 +402,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "41.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "40.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 30.9% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 31% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 2.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 2.5% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 7.9% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 6.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "32.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "40.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "26.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "27.2% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {

35
europe/ro.json
View file

@ -75,22 +75,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "55.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "55.3% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 35.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 36.5% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 1.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 1.8% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 17.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 17% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "30.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "30.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "14.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "14.5% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Irrigated land": {
@ -362,21 +362,21 @@
},
"Education expenditure": {
"Education expenditure (% GDP)": {
"text": "3.3% of GDP (2021 est.)"
"text": "3.3% of GDP (2022 est.)"
},
"Education expenditure (% national budget)": {
"text": "8.1% national budget (2021 est.)"
"text": "8.8% national budget (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Literacy": {
"total population": {
"text": "99% (2021 est.)"
"text": "99.2% (2021 est.)"
},
"male": {
"text": "99% (2021 est.)"
},
"female": {
"text": "99% (2021 est.)"
"text": "99.3% (2021 est.)"
}
},
"School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
@ -408,22 +408,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "55.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "55.3% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 35.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 36.5% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 1.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 1.8% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 17.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 17% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "30.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "30.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "14.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "14.5% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
@ -1257,6 +1257,9 @@
},
"Space program overview": {
"text": "develops and produces a range of capabilities and technologies, including satellites, satellite launch vehicles, remote sensing, human space flight, navigation, and telecommunications; program is integrated into the ESA; participates in EU and international space programs; works with a variety of foreign space agencies and commercial space entities, including those of Azerbaijan, China, Japan, Russia, and the US; also works bilaterally with ESA member states, particularly Bulgaria, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy; has an active space-industry sector with over 50 entities (2025)"
},
"Key space-program milestones": {
"text": "1967-1968 - began participating in Soviet Intercosmos program and established the Romanian Commission for Space Activities to coordinate national space activities<br><br>1981 - first Romanian in space on Soviet spacecraft<br><br>2010 - domestically developed commercial rocket launched to an altitude of 40,000 m (24.9 mi)<br><br>2012 - first domestically produced scientific/experimental microsatellite (Goliat) launched (failed to operate)<br><br>2022 - joined US-led Artemis Accords for space exploration <br><br>2023 - digital amateur-radio-repeater microsatellite (ROM-2) launched on US commercial rocket"
}
},
"Terrorism": {

31
europe/si.json
View file

@ -66,22 +66,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "30.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "30.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 8.9% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 8.9% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 2.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 2.7% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 18.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 18.8% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "61.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "61.8% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "8.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "10.8% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Irrigated land": {
@ -315,10 +315,10 @@
},
"Education expenditure": {
"Education expenditure (% GDP)": {
"text": "5.7% of GDP (2022 est.)"
"text": "5.3% of GDP (2022 est.)"
},
"Education expenditure (% national budget)": {
"text": "12% national budget (2022 est.)"
"text": "11.1% national budget (2022 est.)"
}
},
"School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
@ -350,22 +350,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "30.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "30.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 8.9% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 8.9% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 2.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 2.7% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 18.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 18.8% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "61.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "61.8% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "8.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "10.8% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
@ -1169,8 +1169,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> as of 2023, women comprised about 16% of the military's full-time personnel"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "100 Kosovo (NATO); 100 Slovakia (NATO) (2024)",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> in response to Russia’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine, some NATO countries, including Slovenia, have sent additional troops and equipment to the battlegroups deployed in NATO territory in eastern Europe"
"text": "110 Kosovo (NATO); up to 200 Slovakia (NATO) (2025)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the Slovenian Armed Forces (Slovenska Vojska or SV) are responsible for the defense of the country’s sovereignty and territory, deterring external threats, and contributing to European security and other international peacekeeping missions; the SV is also active in civil-military cooperation, such as the maintenance of local infrastructure; Slovenia has been a member of the EU and NATO since 2004, and one of the SV’s key missions is fulfilling the country’s commitments to NATO, including equipment modernization, participating in training exercises, and contributing to NATO operations; the SV provides troops to NATO’s efforts to enhance its presence in the Baltics (Latvia) and Eastern Europe (Slovakia); it has also participated in other international security missions with small numbers of personnel in such places as Africa, southern Europe, the Mediterranean Sea, and the Middle East; NATO allies Hungary and Italy provide air policing for Slovenia<br><br>the SV was formally established in 1993 as a reorganization of the Slovenia Defense Force; the Defense Force, along with the Slovenian police, comprised the majority of the forces that engaged with the Yugoslav People’s Army during the 10-Day War after Slovenia declared its independence in 1991 (2025)"

30
europe/sm.json
View file

@ -61,22 +61,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "38.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "38.3% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 33.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 33.1% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 5.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 5.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 0% (2022 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "16.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "16.7% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "45% (2022 est.)"
"text": "45% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Irrigated land": {
@ -265,21 +265,21 @@
},
"Education expenditure": {
"Education expenditure (% GDP)": {
"text": "3.4% of GDP (2022 est.)"
"text": "2.9% of GDP (2022 est.)"
},
"Education expenditure (% national budget)": {
"text": "7.5% national budget (2022 est.)"
"text": "13% national budget (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Literacy": {
"total population": {
"text": "100% (2022 est.)"
"text": "99.9% (2022 est.)"
},
"male": {
"text": "100% (2022 est.)"
"text": "99.9% (2022 est.)"
},
"female": {
"text": "100% (2022 est.)"
"text": "99.9% (2022 est.)"
}
},
"School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
@ -311,22 +311,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "38.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "38.3% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 33.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 33.1% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 5.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 5.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 0% (2022 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "16.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "16.7% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "45% (2022 est.)"
"text": "45% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {

41
europe/sp.json
View file

@ -74,22 +74,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "53.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "49.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 23.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 23% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 10.2% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 10.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 19.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 19.8% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "37.2% (2022 est.)"
"text": "38.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "9.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "12.3% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Irrigated land": {
@ -348,21 +348,21 @@
},
"Education expenditure": {
"Education expenditure (% GDP)": {
"text": "4.3% of GDP (2022 est.)"
"text": "4.6% of GDP (2022 est.)"
},
"Education expenditure (% national budget)": {
"text": "9.2% national budget (2022 est.)"
"text": "9.9% national budget (2022 est.)"
}
},
"Literacy": {
"total population": {
"text": "100% (2021 est.)"
"text": "99.7% (2021 est.)"
},
"male": {
"text": "100% (2021 est.)"
"text": "99.8% (2021 est.)"
},
"female": {
"text": "100% (2021 est.)"
"text": "99.6% (2021 est.)"
}
},
"School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
@ -394,22 +394,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "53.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "49.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 23.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 23% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 10.2% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 10.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 19.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 19.8% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "37.2% (2022 est.)"
"text": "38.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "9.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "12.3% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
@ -512,7 +512,7 @@
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "17 autonomous communities (<em>comunidades autonomas</em>, singular - <em>comunidad autonoma</em>) and 2 autonomous cities* (<em>ciudades autonomas</em>, singular - <em>ciudad autonoma</em>); Andalucia; Aragon; Asturias; Canarias (Canary Islands); Cantabria; Castilla-La Mancha; Castilla-Leon; Cataluña (Castilian), Catalunya (Catalan), Catalonha (Aranese) [Catalonia]; Ceuta*; Comunidad Valenciana (Castilian), Comunitat Valenciana (Valencian) [Valencian Community]; Extremadura; Galicia; Illes Baleares (Balearic Islands); La Rioja; Madrid; Melilla*; Murcia; Navarra (Castilian), Nafarroa (Basque) [Navarre]; Pais Vasco (Castilian), Euskadi (Basque) [Basque Country]",
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> Spain administers the autonomous cities of Ceuta and Melilla and the three small islands of Islas Chafarinas, Penon de Alhucemas, and Penon de Velez de la Gomera, which are all located along the coast of Morocco; they are collectively referred to as Places of Sovereignty (Plazas de Soberania)"
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> Spain administers the autonomous cities of Ceuta and Melilla and the three small islands of Islas Chafarinas, Peñón de Alhucemas, and Peñón de Velez de la Gomera, which are all located along the coast of Morocco; they are collectively referred to as Places of Sovereignty (Plazas de Soberania)"
},
"Legal system": {
"text": "civil law system with regional variations"
@ -1231,7 +1231,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> as of 2024, women comprised about 13% of the military's full-time personnel<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> the military recruits foreign nationals with residency in Spain from countries of its former empire, including Argentina, Costa Rica, Bolivia, Colombia, Chile, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, and Venezuela"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "Spain has up to 3,000 military personnel deployed on 17 missions supporting the EU, NATO, and the UN on four continents, as well as naval missions in the Mediterranean and the seas off the Horn of Africa; its largest deployments are up to 700 troops in Lebanon (UNIFIL) and about 1,700 personnel in Eastern Europe supporting NATO missions in Latvia, Romania, and Slovakia (2024)",
"text": "Spain has up to 3,000 military personnel deployed on 17 missions supporting the EU, NATO, and the UN on four continents, as well as naval missions in the Mediterranean and the seas off the Horn of Africa; its largest deployments are up to 700 troops in Lebanon (UNIFIL) and about 1,700 personnel in Eastern Europe supporting NATO missions in Latvia, Romania, and Slovakia (2025)",
"note": "<strong> </strong>"
},
"Military - note": {
@ -1248,6 +1248,9 @@
},
"Space program overview": {
"text": "space program dates back to the 1940s; manufactures and operates communications, remote sensing (RS), and scientific/technology satellites; has developed sounding rockets; conducts research and development in a broad range of space-related capabilities, including astrobiology, astronomy, imaging/RS, meteorology, optics, propulsion, robotics, satellites (particularly micro- and nano-satellites), and satellite launch vehicles; program is integrated into the ESA; also participates in EU space programs; hosts the European Space Astronomy Center (ESOC) and the ESA&rsquo;s Space Surveillance and Tracking Data Centre (ESAC); cooperates with foreign space agencies and industries, including the US; has an active commercial space industry (2025)"
},
"Key space-program milestones": {
"text": "1960s - began working with the US/NASA and the European Space Research Organization (ESRO), the forerunner of the ESA; sounding rocket program (ended in the 1990s)<br><br>1974 - first satellite (IntaSat) launched by US<br><br>1990s - satellite launch vehicle (SLV) development program (canceled in 2000)<br><br>1992 - first communications satellite (Hispasat 1A) launched on European rocket<br><br>1998 - first astronaut in space on US Space Shuttle <br><br>2018 - first synthetic-aperture-radar, remote-sensing/reconnaissance satellite (Paz) launched by US<br><br>2023 - Spanish built Miuri-1 becomes first European private rocket to reach space; joined US-led Artemis Accords for space and lunar exploration<br><br>2025 - communications satellite (SpainSat NG 1) with advanced security technology launched by US"
}
},
"Terrorism": {

31
europe/sw.json
View file

@ -72,22 +72,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "7.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "7.3% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 6.2% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 6.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 0% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 0% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 1.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 1.1% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "68.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "68.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "23.9% (2022 est.)"
"text": "23.8% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Irrigated land": {
@ -348,10 +348,10 @@
},
"Education expenditure": {
"Education expenditure (% GDP)": {
"text": "7.1% of GDP (2022 est.)"
"text": "7.3% of GDP (2022 est.)"
},
"Education expenditure (% national budget)": {
"text": "14.6% national budget (2022 est.)"
"text": "15.3% national budget (2022 est.)"
}
},
"School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
@ -383,22 +383,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "7.4% (2022 est.)"
"text": "7.3% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 6.2% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 6.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 0% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 0% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 1.1% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 1.1% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "68.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "68.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "23.9% (2022 est.)"
"text": "23.8% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
@ -1187,6 +1187,9 @@
},
"Space program overview": {
"text": "aims to have one of Europe's leading space programs; produces and operates satellites; builds and launches sounding rockets; involved in the research, development, production, and operations of a variety of other space-related areas, including astronomy, atmospheric monitoring, geographic information systems, infrared imaging, meteorology, propulsion systems, remote sensing, satellite subsystems, spacecraft systems and structures, research, and telecommunications; member of the ESA and program is integrated into its framework; works extensively with foreign space agencies, in particular through the ESA and EU and their member states, as well as with the US; participates in programs such as Europe's Copernicus Earth observation and the Galileo global navigation satellite system, France's Pleiades project, and the Square Kilometer Array Project; has a large commercial space industry, including state-owned enterprises (2025)"
},
"Key space-program milestones": {
"text": "1950s - space program initiated with the establishment of a space observatory and the Swedish Space Research Committee<br><br>1961 - launched first sounding rocket<br><br>1986 - first scientific satellite (Viking) launched on European rocket<br><br>1989 - first communications satellite (Tele-X) launched on European rocket<br><br>2006 - first astronaut into space on US Space Shuttle<br><br>2019 - established a space data lab for artificial intelligence-based analysis of imagery data<br><br>2024 - signed US-led Artemis Accords for space and lunar exploration; launched first military communications satellite (GNA-3); adopted its first defense and security space strategy"
}
},
"Terrorism": {

32
europe/sz.json
View file

@ -64,22 +64,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "37.9% (2022 est.)"
"text": "37.8% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 10% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 10% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 0.6% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 0.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 27.2% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 27.1% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "32.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "32% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "29.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "32.6% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Irrigated land": {
@ -347,10 +347,10 @@
},
"Education expenditure": {
"Education expenditure (% GDP)": {
"text": "5.1% of GDP (2023 est.)"
"text": "4.9% of GDP (2022 est.)"
},
"Education expenditure (% national budget)": {
"text": "15.9% national budget (2023 est.)"
"text": "15.4% national budget (2022 est.)"
}
},
"School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
@ -382,22 +382,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "37.9% (2022 est.)"
"text": "37.8% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 10% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 10% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 0.6% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 0.6% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 27.2% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 27.1% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "32.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "32% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "29.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "32.6% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
@ -579,7 +579,7 @@
"text": "Swiss People's Party (SVP/UDC) (62); Socialist Party (SP/PS) (41); Centre Party (29); FDP/The Liberals (FDP/PLR) (28); Green Party (GPS/PES) (23); Liberal Green Party (GLP/PVL) (10); Other (7)"
},
"percentage of women in chamber": {
"text": "39%"
"text": "39.5%"
},
"expected date of next election": {
"text": "October 2027"
@ -1168,7 +1168,7 @@
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>conscientious objectors can choose 390 days of community service instead of military service; as of 2023, women comprised about 1% of the active Swiss military"
},
"Military deployments": {
"text": "175 Kosovo (NATO/KFOR) (2024)"
"text": "200 Kosovo (NATO/KFOR) (2025)"
},
"Military - note": {
"text": "the Swiss military is responsible for territorial defense, limited support to international disaster response and peacekeeping, and providing support to civil authorities when their resources are not sufficient to ward off threats to internal security or provide sufficient relief during disasters; Switzerland has long maintained a policy of military neutrality but does periodically participate in EU, NATO, Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), and UN military and peacekeeping operations; however, Swiss units will only participate in operations under the mandate of the UN or OSCE; Switzerland joined NATO&rsquo;s Partnership for Peace program in 1996; it has contributed to the NATO-led force in Kosovo (KFOR) since 1999 (2025)"

34
europe/uk.json
View file

@ -73,22 +73,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "69.6% (2022 est.)"
"text": "70.3% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 24.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 25% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 0.2% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 0.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 44.6% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 45.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "13.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "13.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "17.2% (2022 est.)"
"text": "14.7% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Irrigated land": {
@ -333,6 +333,9 @@
"text": "9.8% (2025 est.)"
}
},
"Children under the age of 5 years underweight": {
"text": "0.6% (2019 est.)"
},
"Currently married women (ages 15-49)": {
"text": "50.7% (2023 est.)"
},
@ -343,10 +346,10 @@
},
"Education expenditure": {
"Education expenditure (% GDP)": {
"text": "4.9% of GDP (2022 est.)"
"text": "5.9% of GDP (2021 est.)"
},
"Education expenditure (% national budget)": {
"text": "10.6% national budget (2022 est.)"
"text": "11.8% national budget (2021 est.)"
}
},
"School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
@ -378,22 +381,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "69.6% (2022 est.)"
"text": "70.3% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 24.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 25% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 0.2% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 0.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 44.6% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 45.2% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "13.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "13.4% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "17.2% (2022 est.)"
"text": "14.7% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
@ -1232,6 +1235,9 @@
"Space program overview": {
"text": "has a long-standing, comprehensive national space program; is active across all areas of the space sector except human space flight, including satellite launch vehicles (SLVs)/rockets, probes, satellites, and spaceports; is a founding member of the ESA and is deeply involved in ESA programs; has bilateral relations with many ESA members and is a close partner of the US NASA; since 2016 has forged over 350 relationships with international organizations across nearly 50 countries; participates in international programs such as the International Space Station and the James Webb Space Telescope; has a large commercial space sector; the UK has a space industrial plan, and the UK Space Agency has provided funding for commercial space projects (2025)",
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>the UK was part of several EU-sponsored space programs until departing the EU in 2020, including the Galileo global positioning system and the Space Surveillance and Tracking (SST) project; it remained part of the Copernicus Earth observation and Horizon Europe research and innovation programs after 2020; the UK has participated or continues to participate in multiple ESA programs, including Cassini-Huygens research mission to Saturn, the Mars Express space exploration missions, the Rosetta comet probe, and the Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer (JUICE) mission<strong><br></strong>"
},
"Key space-program milestones": {
"text": "1957 - first suborbital sounding rocket (Skylark) launched<br><br>1960s - first satellite (Ariel) launched by US; development of Black Arrow satellite launch vehicle (SLV); launched first of Skynet family of communications satellites<br><br>1971 - first successful placement of satellite (Prospero) in orbit on a 3-stage Black Arrow SLV (Black Arrow SLV program ended in early 1970s)<br><br>1973 - began participating in development of Ariane SLV along with other European states, particularly France and Germany<br><br>1991 - first British astronaut into space to Russian Mir space station<br><br>2015 - first British astronaut on International Space Station<br><br>2019-2020 - began participating in US Gateway lunar orbital station program and signed US-led Artemis Accords for space and lunar exploration<br><br>2024 - first military remote sensing satellite (Tyche) launched by US"
}
},
"Terrorism": {

33
europe/up.json
View file

@ -73,22 +73,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "71.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "71.3% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 56.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 56.8% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 1.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 1.5% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 13% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 13% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "16.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "17.3% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "12% (2022 est.)"
"text": "10.4% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Irrigated land": {
@ -353,10 +353,10 @@
},
"Education expenditure": {
"Education expenditure (% GDP)": {
"text": "5.9% of GDP (2022 est.)"
"text": "5.1% of GDP (2021 est.)"
},
"Education expenditure (% national budget)": {
"text": "8.5% national budget (2022 est.)"
"text": "12.7% national budget (2021 est.)"
}
},
"Literacy": {
@ -399,22 +399,22 @@
},
"Land use": {
"agricultural land": {
"text": "71.3% (2022 est.)"
"text": "71.3% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: arable land": {
"text": "arable land: 56.8% (2022 est.)"
"text": "arable land: 56.8% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent crops": {
"text": "permanent crops: 1.5% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent crops: 1.5% (2023 est.)"
},
"agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
"text": "permanent pasture: 13% (2022 est.)"
"text": "permanent pasture: 13% (2023 est.)"
},
"forest": {
"text": "16.7% (2022 est.)"
"text": "17.3% (2023 est.)"
},
"other": {
"text": "12% (2022 est.)"
"text": "10.4% (2023 est.)"
}
},
"Urbanization": {
@ -624,7 +624,7 @@
}
},
"Political parties": {
"text": "Batkivshchyna (Fatherland)<br>European Solidarity or YeS<br>Holos (Voice or Vote)<br>Opposition Bloc (formerly known as Opposition Bloc — Party for Peace and Development, successor of the Industrial Party of Ukraine, and resulted from a schism in the original Opposition Bloc in 2019; banned in court June 2022; ceased to exist in July 2022)<br>Opposition Bloc or OB (divided into Opposition Bloc - Party for Peace and Development and Opposition Platform - For Life in 2019; ceased to exist in July 2022)<br>Opposition Platform - For Life (resulted from a schism in the original Opposition Bloc in 2019; activities suspended by the National Security and Defense Council in March 2022; dissolved in April 2022)<br>Platform for Life and Peace<br>Radical Party or RPOL<br>Samopomich (Self Reliance)<br>Servant of the People<br>Svoboda (Freedom)"
"text": "European Solidarity or YeS<br>Fatherland or VOB<br>Holos<br>Servant of the People or SN"
},
"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
"chief of mission": {
@ -1232,6 +1232,9 @@
"Space program overview": {
"text": "the country inherited a large, well-developed space program when it gained independence in 1991, taking over all the former Soviet defense/space industry that was located on its territory; the modern program includes the production of satellite/space launch vehicles (SLVs)/rocket carriers, satellites, and related components; prior to the Russian invasion in 2022, the country was producing more than 100 SLVs, SLV stages, or SLV engines annually; has worked with numerous foreign space agencies and industries, including those of Brazil, Canada, China, Japan, Kazakhstan, Russia (curtailed after 2014), Turkey, and the US, as well as the ESA, the EU, and their member states (particularly Italy and Poland); has about 20 state-run space industries; in 2019, the Ukrainian Parliament began allowing private companies to engage in space activities (2025)",
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>Dnipro, known as Ukraine's “Rocket City,” was one of the Soviet Union’s main centers for space, nuclear, and military industries and played a crucial role in the development and manufacture of both civilian and military rockets<strong><br></strong>"
},
"Key space-program milestones": {
"text": "1995 - first domestically produced remote sensing (RS) satellite (Sich-1) launched on Ukrainian Tsyklon-3 rocket<br><br>1997 - first Ukrainian astronaut in space on US Space Shuttle<br><br>1999 - first launch of Dnipro-1, a domestically produced satellite launch vehicle (SLV)<br><br>2008 - first launch of Zenit-3SLB, a domestically produced SLV <br><br>2014 - launched first domestically produced microsatellite (PolyITAN-1)<br><br>2020 - signed US-led Artemis Accords for space and lunar exploration<br><br>2021 - first successful launch of joint Ukrainian-US commercial light SLV (Alpha)<br><br>2022 - domestically produced RS microsatellite (Sich 2-30) launched by US<br><br>2024 - first Ukrainian woman to suborbital space on US commercial spacecraft"
}
},
"Transnational Issues": {

3
europe/vt.json
View file

@ -193,9 +193,6 @@
"text": "the name derives from the hill called Mons Vaticanus, on which the Vatican is located and which comes from the Latin <em>vates </em>(prophet), referring to the fortune tellers and soothsayers who frequented the area in Roman times"
}
},
"Administrative divisions": {
"text": "none"
},
"Legal system": {
"text": "religious system based on canon (religious) law"
},