diff --git a/apps/x/apps/main/src/browser/control-service.ts b/apps/x/apps/main/src/browser/control-service.ts
index 04edd93e..55f76d35 100644
--- a/apps/x/apps/main/src/browser/control-service.ts
+++ b/apps/x/apps/main/src/browser/control-service.ts
@@ -2,40 +2,7 @@ import { BrowserWindow } from 'electron';
 import type { IBrowserControlService } from '@x/core/dist/application/browser-control/service.js';
 import type { BrowserControlAction, BrowserControlInput, BrowserControlResult } from '@x/shared/dist/browser-control.js';
 import { browserViewManager } from './view.js';
-
-const SEARCH_ENGINE_BASE_URL = 'https://www.google.com/search?q=';
-
-function normalizeNavigationTarget(target: string): string {
-  const trimmed = target.trim();
-  if (!trimmed) {
-    throw new Error('Navigation target cannot be empty.');
-  }
-
-  const lower = trimmed.toLowerCase();
-  if (
-    lower.startsWith('javascript:')
-    || lower.startsWith('file://')
-    || lower.startsWith('chrome://')
-    || lower.startsWith('chrome-extension://')
-  ) {
-    throw new Error('That URL scheme is not allowed in the embedded browser.');
-  }
-
-  if (/^[a-z][a-z0-9+.-]*:/i.test(trimmed)) {
-    return trimmed;
-  }
-
-  const looksLikeHost =
-    trimmed.startsWith('localhost')
-    || /^[\w.-]+\.[a-z]{2,}/i.test(trimmed)
-    || /^\d{1,3}(?:\.\d{1,3}){3}(?::\d+)?(?:\/.*)?$/.test(trimmed);
-
-  if (looksLikeHost && !/\s/.test(trimmed)) {
-    return trimmed;
-  }
-
-  return `${SEARCH_ENGINE_BASE_URL}${encodeURIComponent(trimmed)}`;
-}
+import { normalizeNavigationTarget } from './navigation.js';
 
 function emitPaneState(open: boolean): void {
   const windows = BrowserWindow.getAllWindows();
diff --git a/apps/x/apps/main/src/browser/navigation.ts b/apps/x/apps/main/src/browser/navigation.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c99165ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/x/apps/main/src/browser/navigation.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+const SEARCH_ENGINE_BASE_URL = 'https://www.google.com/search?q=';
+
+export function normalizeNavigationTarget(target: string): string {
+  const trimmed = target.trim();
+  if (!trimmed) {
+    throw new Error('Navigation target cannot be empty.');
+  }
+
+  const lower = trimmed.toLowerCase();
+  if (
+    lower.startsWith('javascript:')
+    || lower.startsWith('file://')
+    || lower.startsWith('chrome://')
+    || lower.startsWith('chrome-extension://')
+  ) {
+    throw new Error('That URL scheme is not allowed in the embedded browser.');
+  }
+
+  if (/^[a-z][a-z0-9+.-]*:/i.test(trimmed)) {
+    return trimmed;
+  }
+
+  const looksLikeHost =
+    trimmed.startsWith('localhost')
+    || /^[\w.-]+\.[a-z]{2,}/i.test(trimmed)
+    || /^\d{1,3}(?:\.\d{1,3}){3}(?::\d+)?(?:\/.*)?$/.test(trimmed);
+
+  if (looksLikeHost && !/\s/.test(trimmed)) {
+    return trimmed;
+  }
+
+  return `${SEARCH_ENGINE_BASE_URL}${encodeURIComponent(trimmed)}`;
+}
diff --git a/apps/x/apps/main/src/browser/view.ts b/apps/x/apps/main/src/browser/view.ts
index 6b4978bb..75a55cd0 100644
--- a/apps/x/apps/main/src/browser/view.ts
+++ b/apps/x/apps/main/src/browser/view.ts
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import type {
   BrowserState,
   BrowserTabState,
 } from '@x/shared/dist/browser-control.js';
+import { normalizeNavigationTarget } from './navigation.js';
 
 export type { BrowserPageSnapshot, BrowserState, BrowserTabState };
 
@@ -478,14 +479,6 @@ export class BrowserViewManager extends EventEmitter {
     this.snapshotCache.delete(tabId);
   }
 
-  private normalizeUrl(rawUrl: string): string {
-    let url = rawUrl.trim();
-    if (!/^[a-z][a-z0-9+.-]*:/i.test(url)) {
-      url = `https://${url}`;
-    }
-    return url;
-  }
-
   private isEmbeddedTabUrl(url: string): boolean {
     return /^https?:\/\//i.test(url) || url === 'about:blank';
   }
@@ -613,7 +606,7 @@ export class BrowserViewManager extends EventEmitter {
     const targetUrl =
       initialUrl === 'about:blank'
         ? HOME_URL
-        : this.normalizeUrl(initialUrl);
+        : normalizeNavigationTarget(initialUrl);
     void tab.view.webContents.loadURL(targetUrl).catch(() => {
       this.emitState();
     });
@@ -792,7 +785,7 @@ export class BrowserViewManager extends EventEmitter {
     try {
       const activeTab = this.getActiveTab() ?? this.ensureInitialTab();
       this.invalidateSnapshot(activeTab.id);
-      await activeTab.view.webContents.loadURL(this.normalizeUrl(rawUrl));
+      await activeTab.view.webContents.loadURL(normalizeNavigationTarget(rawUrl));
       return { ok: true };
     } catch (err) {
       return { ok: false, error: err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err) };