use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet, VecDeque};

use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};

use super::ir::*;

/// Lattice value for constant propagation.
#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
pub enum ConstLattice {
    /// Not yet analyzed (optimistic top).
    Top,
    /// Known string constant.
    Str(String),
    /// Known integer constant.
    Int(i64),
    /// Known boolean constant.
    Bool(bool),
    /// Null / nil / None.
    Null,
    /// Multiple possible values — not constant.
    Varying,
}

impl ConstLattice {
    /// Meet operation: combine two lattice values.
    fn meet(&self, other: &Self) -> Self {
        match (self, other) {
            (ConstLattice::Top, x) | (x, ConstLattice::Top) => x.clone(),
            (ConstLattice::Varying, _) | (_, ConstLattice::Varying) => ConstLattice::Varying,
            (a, b) if a == b => a.clone(),
            _ => ConstLattice::Varying,
        }
    }

    /// Parse a raw constant text into a typed lattice value.
    pub(crate) fn parse(text: &str) -> Self {
        let trimmed = text.trim();

        // Boolean
        if trimmed == "true" || trimmed == "True" || trimmed == "TRUE" {
            return ConstLattice::Bool(true);
        }
        if trimmed == "false" || trimmed == "False" || trimmed == "FALSE" {
            return ConstLattice::Bool(false);
        }

        // Null variants
        if trimmed == "null"
            || trimmed == "nil"
            || trimmed == "None"
            || trimmed == "NULL"
            || trimmed == "nullptr"
        {
            return ConstLattice::Null;
        }

        // Integer (including negative)
        if let Ok(i) = trimmed.parse::<i64>() {
            return ConstLattice::Int(i);
        }

        // String: strip surrounding quotes
        if (trimmed.starts_with('"') && trimmed.ends_with('"'))
            || (trimmed.starts_with('\'') && trimmed.ends_with('\''))
        {
            let inner = &trimmed[1..trimmed.len() - 1];
            return ConstLattice::Str(inner.to_string());
        }

        // Bare string (no quotes) — treat as string constant
        ConstLattice::Str(trimmed.to_string())
    }

    /// Returns the boolean value if this is a known Bool.
    pub fn as_bool(&self) -> Option<bool> {
        match self {
            ConstLattice::Bool(b) => Some(*b),
            // Truthiness: null is false, 0 is false, empty string is false
            ConstLattice::Null => Some(false),
            ConstLattice::Int(0) => Some(false),
            ConstLattice::Str(s) if s.is_empty() => Some(false),
            _ => None,
        }
    }
}

/// Result of constant propagation analysis.
pub struct ConstPropResult {
    /// Per-SSA-value constant lattice.
    pub values: HashMap<SsaValue, ConstLattice>,
    /// Blocks that are statically unreachable.
    pub unreachable_blocks: HashSet<BlockId>,
}

/// Run Sparse Conditional Constant Propagation on an SSA body.
pub fn const_propagate(body: &SsaBody) -> ConstPropResult {
    let num_blocks = body.blocks.len();

    // Per-value lattice: starts at Top
    let mut values: HashMap<SsaValue, ConstLattice> = HashMap::new();

    // Executable flags per CFG edge (from_block, to_block)
    let mut executable_edges: HashSet<(BlockId, BlockId)> = HashSet::new();
    // Executable blocks
    let mut executable_blocks: HashSet<BlockId> = HashSet::new();

    // Two worklists
    let mut cfg_worklist: VecDeque<BlockId> = VecDeque::new();
    let mut ssa_worklist: VecDeque<SsaValue> = VecDeque::new();

    // Mark entry executable
    executable_blocks.insert(body.entry);
    cfg_worklist.push_back(body.entry);

    // Build use-map: SsaValue → list of (BlockId, instruction index in block)
    // so we can propagate SSA value changes efficiently.
    let mut use_sites: HashMap<SsaValue, Vec<BlockId>> = HashMap::new();
    for block in &body.blocks {
        for inst in block.phis.iter().chain(block.body.iter()) {
            for used_val in inst_uses(inst) {
                use_sites.entry(used_val).or_default().push(block.id);
            }
        }
    }

    // Initialize all values to Top
    for block in &body.blocks {
        for inst in block.phis.iter().chain(block.body.iter()) {
            values.insert(inst.value, ConstLattice::Top);
        }
    }

    // Process until both worklists are empty
    loop {
        let mut changed = false;

        // Process CFG worklist
        while let Some(block_id) = cfg_worklist.pop_front() {
            let block = body.block(block_id);

            // Evaluate phis
            for phi in &block.phis {
                if let SsaOp::Phi(operands) = &phi.op {
                    let old = values.get(&phi.value).cloned().unwrap_or(ConstLattice::Top);
                    let new_val = eval_phi(operands, &values, &executable_edges, block_id);
                    if new_val != old {
                        values.insert(phi.value, new_val);
                        ssa_worklist.push_back(phi.value);
                        changed = true;
                    }
                }
            }

            // Evaluate body instructions
            for inst in &block.body {
                let old = values
                    .get(&inst.value)
                    .cloned()
                    .unwrap_or(ConstLattice::Top);
                let new_val = eval_inst(inst, &values);
                if new_val != old {
                    values.insert(inst.value, new_val);
                    ssa_worklist.push_back(inst.value);
                    changed = true;
                }
            }

            // Process terminator: determine which successors are executable
            process_terminator(
                block,
                body,
                &values,
                &mut executable_edges,
                &mut executable_blocks,
                &mut cfg_worklist,
            );
        }

        // Process SSA worklist
        while let Some(val) = ssa_worklist.pop_front() {
            if let Some(blocks) = use_sites.get(&val) {
                for &block_id in blocks {
                    if !executable_blocks.contains(&block_id) {
                        continue;
                    }
                    let block = body.block(block_id);

                    // Re-evaluate phis using this value
                    for phi in &block.phis {
                        if let SsaOp::Phi(operands) = &phi.op
                            && operands.iter().any(|(_, v)| *v == val)
                        {
                            let old = values.get(&phi.value).cloned().unwrap_or(ConstLattice::Top);
                            let new_val = eval_phi(operands, &values, &executable_edges, block_id);
                            if new_val != old {
                                values.insert(phi.value, new_val);
                                ssa_worklist.push_back(phi.value);
                                changed = true;
                            }
                        }
                    }

                    // Re-evaluate body instructions using this value
                    for inst in &block.body {
                        if inst_uses(inst).contains(&val) {
                            let old = values
                                .get(&inst.value)
                                .cloned()
                                .unwrap_or(ConstLattice::Top);
                            let new_val = eval_inst(inst, &values);
                            if new_val != old {
                                values.insert(inst.value, new_val);
                                ssa_worklist.push_back(inst.value);
                                changed = true;
                            }
                        }
                    }

                    // Re-evaluate terminator if condition changed
                    process_terminator(
                        block,
                        body,
                        &values,
                        &mut executable_edges,
                        &mut executable_blocks,
                        &mut cfg_worklist,
                    );
                }
            }
        }

        if !changed {
            break;
        }
    }

    // Compute unreachable blocks
    let unreachable_blocks: HashSet<BlockId> = (0..num_blocks)
        .map(|i| BlockId(i as u32))
        .filter(|bid| !executable_blocks.contains(bid))
        .collect();

    ConstPropResult {
        values,
        unreachable_blocks,
    }
}

/// Evaluate a phi: meet of operands from executable predecessors.
fn eval_phi(
    operands: &[(BlockId, SsaValue)],
    values: &HashMap<SsaValue, ConstLattice>,
    executable_edges: &HashSet<(BlockId, BlockId)>,
    this_block: BlockId,
) -> ConstLattice {
    let mut result = ConstLattice::Top;
    for (pred_block, val) in operands {
        if !executable_edges.contains(&(*pred_block, this_block)) {
            continue; // skip non-executable predecessors
        }
        let operand_val = values.get(val).cloned().unwrap_or(ConstLattice::Top);
        result = result.meet(&operand_val);
    }
    result
}

/// Evaluate a single instruction.
fn eval_inst(inst: &SsaInst, values: &HashMap<SsaValue, ConstLattice>) -> ConstLattice {
    match &inst.op {
        SsaOp::Const(Some(text)) => ConstLattice::parse(text),
        SsaOp::Const(None) => ConstLattice::Varying, // unknown constant
        SsaOp::Assign(uses) if uses.len() == 1 => {
            // Copy: propagate the source's value
            values.get(&uses[0]).cloned().unwrap_or(ConstLattice::Top)
        }
        SsaOp::Assign(_) => ConstLattice::Varying, // expression with multiple uses
        SsaOp::Call { .. }
        | SsaOp::Source
        | SsaOp::Param { .. }
        | SsaOp::SelfParam
        | SsaOp::CatchParam => ConstLattice::Varying,
        SsaOp::Phi(_) => ConstLattice::Varying, // phis in body shouldn't happen
        SsaOp::Nop => ConstLattice::Varying,
        // Undef contributes no knowledge: `Top` is the lattice identity
        // for meet, so a phi operand of Undef leaves the joined value
        // to the other incoming operands.
        SsaOp::Undef => ConstLattice::Top,
    }
}

/// Collect SSA values used by an instruction (for use-map building).
fn inst_uses(inst: &SsaInst) -> Vec<SsaValue> {
    match &inst.op {
        SsaOp::Phi(operands) => operands.iter().map(|(_, v)| *v).collect(),
        SsaOp::Assign(uses) => uses.to_vec(),
        SsaOp::Call { args, receiver, .. } => {
            let mut vals = Vec::new();
            if let Some(rv) = receiver {
                vals.push(*rv);
            }
            for arg in args {
                vals.extend(arg.iter());
            }
            vals
        }
        SsaOp::Source
        | SsaOp::Const(_)
        | SsaOp::Param { .. }
        | SsaOp::SelfParam
        | SsaOp::CatchParam
        | SsaOp::Nop
        | SsaOp::Undef => Vec::new(),
    }
}

/// Process a block's terminator to determine successor executability.
fn process_terminator(
    block: &SsaBlock,
    body: &SsaBody,
    values: &HashMap<SsaValue, ConstLattice>,
    executable_edges: &mut HashSet<(BlockId, BlockId)>,
    executable_blocks: &mut HashSet<BlockId>,
    cfg_worklist: &mut VecDeque<BlockId>,
) {
    match &block.terminator {
        Terminator::Goto(_) => {
            // `block.succs` is authoritative. For collapsed ≥3-way fanouts
            // (see src/ssa/lower.rs `three_successor_collapse`) the terminator
            // only records the first successor; marking just that one would
            // leave the others unreachable for SCCP. Iterate succs so every
            // CFG successor is marked executable.
            for &target in &block.succs {
                mark_edge_executable(
                    block.id,
                    target,
                    executable_edges,
                    executable_blocks,
                    cfg_worklist,
                );
            }
        }
        Terminator::Branch {
            cond,
            true_blk,
            false_blk,
            condition: _,
        } => {
            // Try to resolve the condition to a known boolean
            let cond_val = body
                .cfg_node_map
                .get(cond)
                .and_then(|v| values.get(v))
                .and_then(|c| c.as_bool());

            match cond_val {
                Some(true) => {
                    mark_edge_executable(
                        block.id,
                        *true_blk,
                        executable_edges,
                        executable_blocks,
                        cfg_worklist,
                    );
                }
                Some(false) => {
                    mark_edge_executable(
                        block.id,
                        *false_blk,
                        executable_edges,
                        executable_blocks,
                        cfg_worklist,
                    );
                }
                None => {
                    // Unknown: both successors executable
                    mark_edge_executable(
                        block.id,
                        *true_blk,
                        executable_edges,
                        executable_blocks,
                        cfg_worklist,
                    );
                    mark_edge_executable(
                        block.id,
                        *false_blk,
                        executable_edges,
                        executable_blocks,
                        cfg_worklist,
                    );
                }
            }
        }
        Terminator::Switch {
            scrutinee,
            targets,
            default,
            case_values,
        } => {
            // Try to resolve scrutinee to a concrete integer literal; if
            // we can match it against one of the case literals (not
            // currently available on the SSA IR), mark just that target.
            // Until per-case literals are threaded through, fall back to
            // the sound "any successor executable" behavior, which mirrors
            // the pre-Switch cascade.
            let _ = (scrutinee, targets, default, case_values);
            for &target in &block.succs {
                mark_edge_executable(
                    block.id,
                    target,
                    executable_edges,
                    executable_blocks,
                    cfg_worklist,
                );
            }
        }
        Terminator::Return(_) | Terminator::Unreachable => {
            // `block.succs` is authoritative; the terminator is advisory.
            // Finally/cleanup continuation edges live on `succs` even when
            // the structured terminator is `Return`/`Unreachable`. Mark them
            // executable so SCCP reaches downstream (e.g. finally) blocks.
            for &target in &block.succs {
                mark_edge_executable(
                    block.id,
                    target,
                    executable_edges,
                    executable_blocks,
                    cfg_worklist,
                );
            }
        }
    }
}

fn mark_edge_executable(
    from: BlockId,
    to: BlockId,
    executable_edges: &mut HashSet<(BlockId, BlockId)>,
    executable_blocks: &mut HashSet<BlockId>,
    cfg_worklist: &mut VecDeque<BlockId>,
) {
    if executable_edges.insert((from, to)) {
        if executable_blocks.insert(to) {
            cfg_worklist.push_back(to);
        } else {
            // Block already executable but new edge — re-evaluate phis
            cfg_worklist.push_back(to);
        }
    }
}

/// Apply constant propagation results: prune branches where condition is known constant.
///
/// Returns the number of branches pruned.
pub fn apply_const_prop(body: &mut SsaBody, result: &ConstPropResult) -> usize {
    // Collect pruning decisions first to avoid borrow conflicts.
    // Each entry: (block_index, taken_block, untaken_block)
    let mut prune_ops: Vec<(usize, BlockId, BlockId)> = Vec::new();

    for (block_idx, block) in body.blocks.iter().enumerate() {
        if let Terminator::Branch {
            cond,
            true_blk,
            false_blk,
            condition: _,
        } = &block.terminator
        {
            let cond_val = body
                .cfg_node_map
                .get(cond)
                .and_then(|v| result.values.get(v))
                .and_then(|c| c.as_bool());

            match cond_val {
                Some(true) => {
                    prune_ops.push((block_idx, *true_blk, *false_blk));
                }
                Some(false) => {
                    prune_ops.push((block_idx, *false_blk, *true_blk));
                }
                None => {}
            }
        }
    }

    let pruned = prune_ops.len();

    // Apply pruning
    for (block_idx, taken, untaken) in prune_ops {
        let pred_id = body.blocks[block_idx].id;
        body.blocks[block_idx].terminator = Terminator::Goto(taken);

        // Remove pred from untaken's preds
        let untaken_idx = untaken.0 as usize;
        if untaken_idx < body.blocks.len() {
            body.blocks[untaken_idx].preds.retain(|p| *p != pred_id);
            // Remove phi operands referencing this pred
            for phi in &mut body.blocks[untaken_idx].phis {
                if let SsaOp::Phi(operands) = &mut phi.op {
                    operands.retain(|(bid, _)| *bid != pred_id);
                }
            }
        }

        // Remove untaken from pred's succs
        body.blocks[block_idx].succs.retain(|s| *s != untaken);
    }

    // Mark unreachable blocks
    for &bid in &result.unreachable_blocks {
        body.block_mut(bid).terminator = Terminator::Unreachable;
    }

    pruned
}

/// Collect module aliases from `require()` calls in the SSA body.
///
/// Detects patterns like `const http = require("http")` and propagates
/// aliases through phi nodes (e.g., `const lib = cond ? https : http`).
/// Returns a map from SSA value → set of possible module names.
///
/// Only tracks known HTTP-related modules to avoid false positives.
pub fn collect_module_aliases(
    body: &SsaBody,
    const_values: &HashMap<SsaValue, ConstLattice>,
) -> HashMap<SsaValue, smallvec::SmallVec<[String; 2]>> {
    use smallvec::SmallVec;

    // Known modules whose methods are security-relevant for alias tracking.
    const KNOWN_MODULES: &[&str] = &["http", "https", "child_process", "fs", "net", "dgram"];

    let mut aliases: HashMap<SsaValue, SmallVec<[String; 2]>> = HashMap::new();

    // Pass 1: detect `require("module")` calls.
    for block in &body.blocks {
        for inst in &block.body {
            if let SsaOp::Call { callee, args, .. } = &inst.op
                && (callee == "require" || callee.ends_with(".require"))
            {
                // Check if the first argument is a known module string constant.
                if let Some(first_arg) = args.first()
                    && let Some(&first_val) = first_arg.first()
                    && let Some(ConstLattice::Str(module_name)) = const_values.get(&first_val)
                    && KNOWN_MODULES.contains(&module_name.as_str())
                {
                    aliases
                        .entry(inst.value)
                        .or_default()
                        .push(module_name.clone());
                }
            }
        }
    }

    if aliases.is_empty() {
        return aliases;
    }

    // Pass 2: propagate through copies (single-use Assign) and phi nodes.
    let mut changed = true;
    let mut iterations = 0;
    while changed && iterations < 10 {
        changed = false;
        iterations += 1;
        for block in &body.blocks {
            // Phi nodes
            for phi in &block.phis {
                if let SsaOp::Phi(operands) = &phi.op {
                    let mut merged: SmallVec<[String; 2]> = SmallVec::new();
                    for (_, operand_val) in operands {
                        if let Some(operand_aliases) = aliases.get(operand_val) {
                            for a in operand_aliases {
                                if !merged.contains(a) {
                                    merged.push(a.clone());
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    if !merged.is_empty() {
                        let entry = aliases.entry(phi.value).or_default();
                        for a in &merged {
                            if !entry.contains(a) {
                                entry.push(a.clone());
                                changed = true;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            // Copy propagation through single-use Assign
            for inst in &block.body {
                if let SsaOp::Assign(uses) = &inst.op
                    && uses.len() == 1
                    && let Some(src_aliases) = aliases.get(&uses[0]).cloned()
                {
                    let entry = aliases.entry(inst.value).or_default();
                    for a in &src_aliases {
                        if !entry.contains(a) {
                            entry.push(a.clone());
                            changed = true;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    aliases
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;
    use petgraph::graph::NodeIndex;
    use smallvec::SmallVec;

    fn make_body(blocks: Vec<SsaBlock>, value_defs: Vec<ValueDef>) -> SsaBody {
        let cfg_node_map = value_defs
            .iter()
            .enumerate()
            .map(|(i, vd)| (vd.cfg_node, SsaValue(i as u32)))
            .collect();
        SsaBody {
            blocks,
            entry: BlockId(0),
            value_defs,
            cfg_node_map,
            exception_edges: Vec::new(),
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn const_literal_parsed() {
        assert_eq!(ConstLattice::parse("42"), ConstLattice::Int(42));
        assert_eq!(ConstLattice::parse("-1"), ConstLattice::Int(-1));
        assert_eq!(ConstLattice::parse("true"), ConstLattice::Bool(true));
        assert_eq!(ConstLattice::parse("false"), ConstLattice::Bool(false));
        assert_eq!(ConstLattice::parse("null"), ConstLattice::Null);
        assert_eq!(ConstLattice::parse("nil"), ConstLattice::Null);
        assert_eq!(
            ConstLattice::parse("\"hello\""),
            ConstLattice::Str("hello".into())
        );
        assert_eq!(
            ConstLattice::parse("'world'"),
            ConstLattice::Str("world".into())
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn meet_lattice() {
        let a = ConstLattice::Int(42);
        let b = ConstLattice::Int(42);
        assert_eq!(a.meet(&b), ConstLattice::Int(42));

        let c = ConstLattice::Int(99);
        assert_eq!(a.meet(&c), ConstLattice::Varying);

        assert_eq!(ConstLattice::Top.meet(&a), ConstLattice::Int(42));
        assert_eq!(a.meet(&ConstLattice::Top), ConstLattice::Int(42));

        assert_eq!(ConstLattice::Varying.meet(&a), ConstLattice::Varying);
    }

    #[test]
    fn single_block_const() {
        // v0 = const("42")
        let n0 = NodeIndex::new(0);
        let block = SsaBlock {
            id: BlockId(0),
            phis: vec![],
            body: vec![SsaInst {
                value: SsaValue(0),
                op: SsaOp::Const(Some("42".into())),
                cfg_node: n0,
                var_name: Some("x".into()),
                span: (0, 2),
            }],
            terminator: Terminator::Return(None),
            preds: SmallVec::new(),
            succs: SmallVec::new(),
        };
        let body = make_body(
            vec![block],
            vec![ValueDef {
                var_name: Some("x".into()),
                cfg_node: n0,
                block: BlockId(0),
            }],
        );

        let result = const_propagate(&body);
        assert_eq!(
            result.values.get(&SsaValue(0)),
            Some(&ConstLattice::Int(42))
        );
        assert!(result.unreachable_blocks.is_empty());
    }

    #[test]
    fn copy_propagation_through_assign() {
        // v0 = const("true"), v1 = assign(v0)
        let n0 = NodeIndex::new(0);
        let n1 = NodeIndex::new(1);
        let block = SsaBlock {
            id: BlockId(0),
            phis: vec![],
            body: vec![
                SsaInst {
                    value: SsaValue(0),
                    op: SsaOp::Const(Some("true".into())),
                    cfg_node: n0,
                    var_name: Some("x".into()),
                    span: (0, 4),
                },
                SsaInst {
                    value: SsaValue(1),
                    op: SsaOp::Assign(SmallVec::from_elem(SsaValue(0), 1)),
                    cfg_node: n1,
                    var_name: Some("y".into()),
                    span: (5, 9),
                },
            ],
            terminator: Terminator::Return(None),
            preds: SmallVec::new(),
            succs: SmallVec::new(),
        };
        let body = make_body(
            vec![block],
            vec![
                ValueDef {
                    var_name: Some("x".into()),
                    cfg_node: n0,
                    block: BlockId(0),
                },
                ValueDef {
                    var_name: Some("y".into()),
                    cfg_node: n1,
                    block: BlockId(0),
                },
            ],
        );

        let result = const_propagate(&body);
        assert_eq!(
            result.values.get(&SsaValue(0)),
            Some(&ConstLattice::Bool(true))
        );
        assert_eq!(
            result.values.get(&SsaValue(1)),
            Some(&ConstLattice::Bool(true))
        );
    }
}