diff --git a/packages/context/src/ingest/adapters/historic-sql/buckets.test.ts b/packages/context/src/ingest/adapters/historic-sql/buckets.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..78dc2859
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/context/src/ingest/adapters/historic-sql/buckets.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
+import {
+  bucketDistinctUsers,
+  bucketErrorRate,
+  bucketExecutions,
+  bucketFrequency,
+  bucketP95Runtime,
+  bucketRecency,
+} from './buckets.js';
+
+describe('historic-sql bucket helpers', () => {
+  it('uses stable execution buckets', () => {
+    expect([0, 9, 10, 99, 100, 999, 1000, 4999, 5000, 49999, 50000].map(bucketExecutions)).toEqual([
+      '<10',
+      '<10',
+      '10-100',
+      '10-100',
+      '100-1k',
+      '100-1k',
+      '1k-5k',
+      '1k-5k',
+      '5k-50k',
+      '5k-50k',
+      '>50k',
+    ]);
+  });
+
+  it('uses stable distinct-user, error-rate, runtime, and recency buckets', () => {
+    expect([0, 1, 2, 5, 6, 10, 11].map(bucketDistinctUsers)).toEqual([
+      '0',
+      '1',
+      '2-5',
+      '2-5',
+      '5-10',
+      '5-10',
+      '>10',
+    ]);
+    expect([0, 0.01, 0.05, 0.2].map(bucketErrorRate)).toEqual(['none', 'low', 'low', 'high']);
+    expect([null, 99, 100, 999, 1000, 9999, 10000].map(bucketP95Runtime)).toEqual([
+      'unknown',
+      '<100ms',
+      '100ms-1s',
+      '100ms-1s',
+      '1s-10s',
+      '1s-10s',
+      '>10s',
+    ]);
+    expect(bucketRecency('2026-05-11T00:00:00.000Z', new Date('2026-05-11T12:00:00.000Z'))).toBe('current');
+    expect(bucketRecency('2026-04-20T00:00:00.000Z', new Date('2026-05-11T12:00:00.000Z'))).toBe('recent');
+    expect(bucketRecency('2026-01-01T00:00:00.000Z', new Date('2026-05-11T12:00:00.000Z'))).toBe('stale');
+  });
+
+  it('maps frequency counts to high, mid, and low labels', () => {
+    expect(bucketFrequency(80, 100)).toBe('high');
+    expect(bucketFrequency(20, 100)).toBe('mid');
+    expect(bucketFrequency(1, 100)).toBe('low');
+    expect(bucketFrequency(0, 0)).toBe('low');
+  });
+});
diff --git a/packages/context/src/ingest/adapters/historic-sql/buckets.ts b/packages/context/src/ingest/adapters/historic-sql/buckets.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..8777f826
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/context/src/ingest/adapters/historic-sql/buckets.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+export function bucketExecutions(value: number): string {
+  if (value < 10) return '<10';
+  if (value < 100) return '10-100';
+  if (value < 1000) return '100-1k';
+  if (value < 5000) return '1k-5k';
+  if (value < 50000) return '5k-50k';
+  return '>50k';
+}
+
+export function bucketDistinctUsers(value: number): string {
+  if (value <= 0) return '0';
+  if (value === 1) return '1';
+  if (value <= 5) return '2-5';
+  if (value <= 10) return '5-10';
+  return '>10';
+}
+
+export function bucketErrorRate(value: number): string {
+  if (value <= 0) return 'none';
+  if (value < 0.1) return 'low';
+  return 'high';
+}
+
+export function bucketP95Runtime(value: number | null): string {
+  if (value === null) return 'unknown';
+  if (value < 100) return '<100ms';
+  if (value < 1000) return '100ms-1s';
+  if (value < 10000) return '1s-10s';
+  return '>10s';
+}
+
+export function bucketRecency(lastSeen: string, now: Date): string {
+  const parsed = new Date(lastSeen);
+  if (Number.isNaN(parsed.getTime())) {
+    return 'unknown';
+  }
+  const ageDays = (now.getTime() - parsed.getTime()) / (24 * 60 * 60 * 1000);
+  if (ageDays <= 7) return 'current';
+  if (ageDays <= 45) return 'recent';
+  return 'stale';
+}
+
+export function bucketFrequency(count: number, total: number): 'high' | 'mid' | 'low' {
+  if (total <= 0 || count <= 0) return 'low';
+  const ratio = count / total;
+  if (ratio >= 0.5) return 'high';
+  if (ratio >= 0.1) return 'mid';
+  return 'low';
+}
diff --git a/packages/context/src/ingest/index.ts b/packages/context/src/ingest/index.ts
index f76befc3..a106bdd8 100644
--- a/packages/context/src/ingest/index.ts
+++ b/packages/context/src/ingest/index.ts
@@ -317,6 +317,7 @@ export type {
 export { NOTION_ORG_KNOWLEDGE_WARNING } from './adapters/notion/chunk.js';
 export { NotionSourceAdapter, type NotionSourceAdapterDeps } from './adapters/notion/notion.adapter.js';
 export { NotionClient, type NotionApi, type NotionBotInfo } from './adapters/notion/notion-client.js';
+export { bucketDistinctUsers, bucketErrorRate, bucketExecutions, bucketP95Runtime, bucketRecency } from './adapters/historic-sql/buckets.js';
 export { chunkHistoricSqlStagedDir, describeHistoricSqlScope } from './adapters/historic-sql/chunk.js';
 export { detectHistoricSqlStagedDir } from './adapters/historic-sql/detect.js';
 export {