diff --git a/python/ktx-daemon/src/ktx_daemon/telemetry/identity.py b/python/ktx-daemon/src/ktx_daemon/telemetry/identity.py
index f4b31b37..c5ef100c 100644
--- a/python/ktx-daemon/src/ktx_daemon/telemetry/identity.py
+++ b/python/ktx-daemon/src/ktx_daemon/telemetry/identity.py
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ def _telemetry_path(home_dir: Path | None = None) -> Path:
 
 
 def _env_disables(env: Mapping[str, str] | None = None) -> bool:
-    source = env or os.environ
+    source = os.environ if env is None else env
     return bool(
         source.get("KTX_TELEMETRY_DISABLED")
         or source.get("DO_NOT_TRACK")
diff --git a/python/ktx-daemon/tests/test_app.py b/python/ktx-daemon/tests/test_app.py
index f87c7329..e423a31e 100644
--- a/python/ktx-daemon/tests/test_app.py
+++ b/python/ktx-daemon/tests/test_app.py
@@ -106,6 +106,9 @@ def test_app_lifespan_emits_daemon_lifecycle_debug_events(
     monkeypatch.setenv("HOME", str(tmp_path))
     monkeypatch.setenv("KTX_TELEMETRY_DEBUG", "1")
     monkeypatch.setenv("KTX_DAEMON_VERSION", "0.4.1")
+    monkeypatch.delenv("CI", raising=False)
+    monkeypatch.delenv("KTX_TELEMETRY_DISABLED", raising=False)
+    monkeypatch.delenv("DO_NOT_TRACK", raising=False)
 
     with TestClient(
         create_app(telemetry_started_at=100.0, clock=lambda: 100.125)
diff --git a/python/ktx-daemon/tests/test_semantic_layer.py b/python/ktx-daemon/tests/test_semantic_layer.py
index 9a3f0f6f..8ebb7ad8 100644
--- a/python/ktx-daemon/tests/test_semantic_layer.py
+++ b/python/ktx-daemon/tests/test_semantic_layer.py
@@ -72,6 +72,9 @@ def test_query_semantic_layer_emits_plan_and_sql_debug_events(
     )
     monkeypatch.setenv("HOME", str(tmp_path))
     monkeypatch.setenv("KTX_TELEMETRY_DEBUG", "1")
+    monkeypatch.delenv("CI", raising=False)
+    monkeypatch.delenv("KTX_TELEMETRY_DISABLED", raising=False)
+    monkeypatch.delenv("DO_NOT_TRACK", raising=False)
 
     query_semantic_layer(
         SemanticLayerQueryRequest(
diff --git a/python/ktx-daemon/tests/test_telemetry.py b/python/ktx-daemon/tests/test_telemetry.py
index a69b7016..e7d7dec2 100644
--- a/python/ktx-daemon/tests/test_telemetry.py
+++ b/python/ktx-daemon/tests/test_telemetry.py
@@ -31,15 +31,15 @@ def test_identity_reads_file_with_ttl_cache(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
     reset_identity_cache()
     write_identity(tmp_path)
 
-    first = load_telemetry_identity(home_dir=tmp_path, now=lambda: 100.0)
+    first = load_telemetry_identity(home_dir=tmp_path, env={}, now=lambda: 100.0)
     assert first.enabled is True
     assert first.install_id == "00000000-0000-4000-8000-000000000000"
 
     write_identity(tmp_path, enabled=False)
-    cached = load_telemetry_identity(home_dir=tmp_path, now=lambda: 120.0)
+    cached = load_telemetry_identity(home_dir=tmp_path, env={}, now=lambda: 120.0)
     assert cached.enabled is True
 
-    refreshed = load_telemetry_identity(home_dir=tmp_path, now=lambda: 161.0)
+    refreshed = load_telemetry_identity(home_dir=tmp_path, env={}, now=lambda: 161.0)
     assert refreshed.enabled is False