factbook.json/africa/sg.json

{
  "Introduction": {
    "Background": {
      "text": "The French colonies of Senegal and French Sudan were merged in 1959 and granted independence in 1960 as the Mali Federation. The union broke up after only a few months. Senegal joined with The Gambia to form the nominal confederation of Senegambia in 1982. The envisaged integration of the two countries was never implemented, and the union was dissolved in 1989. The Movement of Democratic Forces in the Casamance has led a low-level separatist insurgency in southern Senegal since the 1980s, and several peace deals have failed to resolve the conflict. Nevertheless, Senegal remains one of the most stable democracies in Africa and has a long history of participating in international peacekeeping and regional mediation. Senegal was ruled by a Socialist Party for 40 years until Abdoulaye WADE was elected president in 2000. He was reelected in 2007 and during his two terms amended Senegal's constitution over a dozen times to increase executive power and weaken the opposition. His decision to run for a third presidential term sparked a large public backlash that led to his defeat in a March 2012 runoff election with Macky SALL, a former ally and prime minister. Since taking office, SALL has launched an economic reform program aimed at boosting economic growth, and his administration has conducted corruption investigations against senior figures in WADE's government."
    }
  },
  "Geography": {
    "Location": {
      "text": "Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Guinea-Bissau and Mauritania"
    },
    "Geographic coordinates": {
      "text": "14 00 N, 14 00 W"
    },
    "Map references": {
      "text": "Africa"
    },
    "Area": {
      "total": {
        "text": "196,722 sq km"
      },
      "land": {
        "text": "192,530 sq km"
      },
      "water": {
        "text": "4,192 sq km"
      }
    },
    "Area - comparative": {
      "text": "slightly smaller than South Dakota"
    },
    "Land boundaries": {
      "total": {
        "text": "2,684 km"
      },
      "border countries": {
        "text": "The Gambia 749 km, Guinea 363 km, Guinea-Bissau 341 km, Mali 489 km, Mauritania 742 km"
      }
    },
    "Coastline": {
      "text": "531 km"
    },
    "Maritime claims": {
      "territorial sea": {
        "text": "12 nm"
      },
      "contiguous zone": {
        "text": "24 nm"
      },
      "exclusive economic zone": {
        "text": "200 nm"
      },
      "continental shelf": {
        "text": "200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin"
      }
    },
    "Climate": {
      "text": "tropical; hot, humid; rainy season (May to November) has strong southeast winds; dry season (December to April) dominated by hot, dry, harmattan wind"
    },
    "Terrain": {
      "text": "generally low, rolling, plains rising to foothills in southeast"
    },
    "Elevation extremes": {
      "lowest point": {
        "text": "Atlantic Ocean 0 m"
      },
      "highest point": {
        "text": "unnamed elevation southwest of Kedougou 581 m"
      }
    },
    "Natural resources": {
      "text": "fish, phosphates, iron ore"
    },
    "Land use": {
      "agricultural land": {
        "text": "46.8% ++ arable land 17.4%; permanent crops 0.3%; permanent pasture 29.1%"
      },
      "forest": {
        "text": "43.8%"
      },
      "other": {
        "text": "9.4% (2011 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Irrigated land": {
      "text": "1,197 sq km (2003)"
    },
    "Total renewable water resources": {
      "text": "38.8 cu km (2011)"
    },
    "Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural)": {
      "total": {
        "text": "2.22  cu km/yr (4%/3%/93%)"
      },
      "per capita": {
        "text": "221.6  cu m/yr (2002)"
      }
    },
    "Natural hazards": {
      "text": "lowlands seasonally flooded; periodic droughts"
    },
    "Environment - current issues": {
      "text": "wildlife populations threatened by poaching; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; desertification; overfishing"
    },
    "Environment - international agreements": {
      "party to": {
        "text": "Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling"
      },
      "signed, but not ratified": {
        "text": "none of the selected agreements"
      }
    },
    "Geography - note": {
      "text": "westernmost country on the African continent; The Gambia is almost an enclave within Senegal"
    }
  },
  "People and Society": {
    "Nationality": {
      "noun": {
        "text": "Senegalese (singular and plural)"
      },
      "adjective": {
        "text": "Senegalese"
      }
    },
    "Ethnic groups": {
      "text": "Wolof 43.3%, Pular 23.8%, Serer 14.7%, Jola 3.7%, Mandinka 3%, Soninke 1.1%, European and Lebanese 1%, other 9.4%"
    },
    "Languages": {
      "text": "French (official), Wolof, Pulaar, Jola, Mandinka"
    },
    "Religions": {
      "text": "Muslim 94% (most adhere to one of the four main Sufi brotherhoods), Christian 5% (mostly Roman Catholic), indigenous beliefs 1%"
    },
    "Population": {
      "text": "13,975,834 (July 2015 est.)"
    },
    "Age structure": {
      "0-14 years": {
        "text": "42.16% (male 2,960,395/female 2,931,298)"
      },
      "15-24 years": {
        "text": "20.4% (male 1,420,180/female 1,431,571)"
      },
      "25-54 years": {
        "text": "30.67% (male 1,960,745/female 2,325,620)"
      },
      "55-64 years": {
        "text": "3.84% (male 233,892/female 303,394)"
      },
      "65 years and over": {
        "text": "2.92% (male 184,196/female 224,543) (2015 est.)"
      },
      "population pyramid": {
        "text": null
      }
    },
    "Dependency ratios": {
      "total dependency ratio": {
        "text": "87.6%"
      },
      "youth dependency ratio": {
        "text": "82.1%"
      },
      "elderly dependency ratio": {
        "text": "5.5%"
      },
      "potential support ratio": {
        "text": "18.2% (2015 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Median age": {
      "total": {
        "text": "18.5 years"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "17.7 years"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "19.4 years (2015 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Population growth rate": {
      "text": "2.45% (2015 est.)"
    },
    "Birth rate": {
      "text": "34.52 births/1,000 population (2015 est.)"
    },
    "Death rate": {
      "text": "8.46 deaths/1,000 population (2015 est.)"
    },
    "Net migration rate": {
      "text": "-1.59 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2015 est.)"
    },
    "Urbanization": {
      "urban population": {
        "text": "43.7% of total population (2015)"
      },
      "rate of urbanization": {
        "text": "3.59% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Major urban areas - population": {
      "text": "DAKAR (capital) 3.52 million (2015)"
    },
    "Sex ratio": {
      "at birth": {
        "text": "1.03 male(s)/female"
      },
      "0-14 years": {
        "text": "1.01 male(s)/female"
      },
      "15-24 years": {
        "text": "0.99 male(s)/female"
      },
      "25-54 years": {
        "text": "0.84 male(s)/female"
      },
      "55-64 years": {
        "text": "0.77 male(s)/female"
      },
      "65 years and over": {
        "text": "0.82 male(s)/female"
      },
      "total population": {
        "text": "0.94 male(s)/female (2015 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Infant mortality rate": {
      "total": {
        "text": "51.54 deaths/1,000 live births"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "57.62 deaths/1,000 live births"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "45.29 deaths/1,000 live births (2015 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Life expectancy at birth": {
      "total population": {
        "text": "61.32 years"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "59.29 years"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "63.42 years (2015 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Total fertility rate": {
      "text": "4.44 children born/woman (2015 est.)"
    },
    "Contraceptive prevalence rate": {
      "text": "17.8% (2012/13)"
    },
    "Health expenditures": {
      "text": "4.2% of GDP (2013)"
    },
    "Physicians density": {
      "text": "0.06 physicians/1,000 population (2008)"
    },
    "Hospital bed density": {
      "text": "0.3 beds/1,000 population (2008)"
    },
    "Drinking water source": {
      "improved": {
        "text": " ++ urban: 92.9% of population ++ rural: 67.3% of population ++ total: 78.5% of population"
      },
      "unimproved": {
        "text": " ++ urban: 7.1% of population ++ rural: 32.7% of population ++ total: 21.5% of population (2015 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Sanitation facility access": {
      "improved": {
        "text": " ++ urban: 65.4% of population ++ rural: 33.8% of population ++ total: 47.6% of population"
      },
      "unimproved": {
        "text": " ++ urban: 34.6% of population ++ rural: 66.2% of population ++ total: 52.4% of population (2015 est.)"
      }
    },
    "HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate": {
      "text": "0.53% (2014 est.)"
    },
    "HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS": {
      "text": "44,000 (2014 est.)"
    },
    "HIV/AIDS - deaths": {
      "text": "2,400 (2014 est.)"
    },
    "Major infectious diseases": {
      "degree of risk": {
        "text": "very high"
      },
      "food or waterborne diseases": {
        "text": "bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever"
      },
      "vectorborne diseases": {
        "text": "dengue fever, malaria, and yellow fever"
      },
      "water contact disease": {
        "text": "schistosomiasis"
      },
      "respiratory disease": {
        "text": "meningococcal meningitis"
      },
      "animal contact disease": {
        "text": "rabies (2013)"
      }
    },
    "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
      "text": "8.3% (2014)"
    },
    "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": {
      "text": "16.8% (2013)"
    },
    "Education expenditures": {
      "text": "5.6% of GDP (2010)"
    },
    "Literacy": {
      "definition": {
        "text": "age 15 and over can read and write"
      },
      "total population": {
        "text": "57.7%"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "69.7%"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "46.6% (2015 est.)"
      }
    },
    "School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
      "total": {
        "text": "8 years"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "8 years"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "8 years (2010)"
      }
    },
    "Child labor - children ages 5-14": {
      "total number": {
        "text": "657,216"
      },
      "percentage": {
        "text": "22% (2005 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": {
      "total": {
        "text": "14.8%"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "11.9%"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "20.1% (2006 est.)"
      }
    }
  },
  "Government": {
    "Country name": {
      "conventional long form": {
        "text": "Republic of Senegal"
      },
      "conventional short form": {
        "text": "Senegal"
      },
      "local long form": {
        "text": "Republique du Senegal"
      },
      "local short form": {
        "text": "Senegal"
      },
      "former": {
        "text": "Senegambia (along with The Gambia), Mali Federation"
      }
    },
    "Government type": {
      "text": "republic"
    },
    "Capital": {
      "name": {
        "text": "Dakar"
      },
      "geographic coordinates": {
        "text": "14 44 N, 17 38 W"
      },
      "time difference": {
        "text": "UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
      }
    },
    "Administrative divisions": {
      "text": "14 regions (regions, singular - region); Dakar, Diourbel, Fatick, Kaffrine, Kaolack, Kedougou, Kolda, Louga, Matam, Saint-Louis, Sedhiou, Tambacounda, Thies, Ziguinchor"
    },
    "Independence": {
      "text": "4 April 1960 (from France); note - complete independence achieved upon dissolution of federation with Mali on 20 August 1960"
    },
    "National holiday": {
      "text": "Independence Day, 4 April (1960)"
    },
    "Constitution": {
      "text": "previous 1959 (preindependence), 1963; latest adopted by referendum 7 January 2001, promulgated 22 January 2001; amended many times, last in 2009 (2014)"
    },
    "Legal system": {
      "text": "civil law system based on French law; judicial review of legislative acts in Constitutional Court"
    },
    "International law organization participation": {
      "text": "accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction"
    },
    "Suffrage": {
      "text": "18 years of age; universal"
    },
    "Executive branch": {
      "chief of state": {
        "text": "President Macky SALL (since 2 April 2012)"
      },
      "head of government": {
        "text": "Prime Minister Mohammed Abdallah Boun DIONNE (since 4 July 2014)"
      },
      "cabinet": {
        "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister in consultation with the president"
      },
      "elections/appointments": {
        "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 7-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 26 February 2012 with a runoff on 25 March 2012 (next to be held in 2019); prime minister appointed by the president"
      },
      "election results": {
        "text": "Macky SALL elected president; percent of vote in runoff - Macky SALL ( Alliance for the Republic-Yakaar ) 65.8%, Abdoulaye WADE (PDS) 34.2%"
      }
    },
    "Legislative branch": {
      "description": {
        "text": "unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (150 seats; 90 members directly elected in single- and multi-seat constituencies by simple majority vote and 60 directly elected in single- and multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms)"
      },
      "elections": {
        "text": "National Assembly - last held on 1 July 2012 (next to be held in 2017)"
      },
      "election results": {
        "text": "National Assembly results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Benno Bokk Yakaar coalition 119, PDS 12, Bokk Gis Gis coalition 4, MCRN-Bes Du Nakk 4, PVD 2, MRSD 2, URD 1, AJ/PADS 1, other 5"
      }
    },
    "Judicial branch": {
      "highest court(s)": {
        "text": "Court of Final Appeals or Cour de Cassation (consists of NA judges); Constitutional Council (consists of 5 members including the court president, vice-president, and 3 judges)"
      },
      "judge selection and term of office": {
        "text": "Court of Final Appeals judges' appointed by the president upon recommendation of the Higher Council of the Judiciary, a body chaired by the president of the republic; judge tenure NA; Constitutional Council members appointed by the president of the republic to serve 6-year terms with renewal of 3 members every 2 years"
      },
      "subordinate courts": {
        "text": "High Court of Justice (for crime of high treason by president); Supreme Court (for abuses by government executives and local officials); Court of Auditors; Courts of Appeal; Assize Courts (4); Regional and District Courts, Labor Court"
      }
    },
    "Political parties and leaders": {
      "text": "Alliance for the Republic-Yakaar or APR-Yakaar [Macky SALL] ++ And-Jef/African Party for Democracy and Socialism or AJ/PADS [Mamadou Diop DECROIX, Landing SAVANE] ++ Benno Bokk Yakaar coalition or BBY [Macky SALL] (includes APR-Yakaar, AFP) ++ Benno Siggil Senegal (a coalition of opposition parties) ++ Bokk Gis Gis coalition [Pape DIOP] ++ Citizen Movement for National Reform or MCRN-Bes Du Nakk ++ Front for Socialism and Democracy/Benno Jubel or FSD/BJ [Cheikh Abdoulaye Bamba DIEYE] ++ Party for Truth and Development or PVD [Cheikh Ahmadou Kara MBAKE] ++ Republican Movement for Socialism and Democracy or MRSD ++ Senagalese Patriotic Movement;; United in Hope Coalition;; Senegalese Democratic Party or PDS [Abdoulaye WADE]"
    },
    "Political pressure groups and leaders": {
      "other": {
        "text": "labor; students; Sufi brotherhoods, including the Mourides and Tidjanes; teachers"
      }
    },
    "International organization participation": {
      "text": "ACP, AfDB, AU, CD, CPLP (associate), ECOWAS, EITI (candidate country), FAO, FZ, G-15, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINUSMA, MONUSCO, NAM, OIC, OIF, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WADB (regional), WAEMU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
    },
    "Diplomatic representation in the US": {
      "chief of mission": {
        "text": "Ambassador Babacar DIAGNE (since 18 November 2014)"
      },
      "embassy": {
        "text": "2215 M Street, NW, Washington, DC 20007"
      },
      "telephone": {
        "text": "[1] (202) 234-0540"
      },
      "FAX": {
        "text": "[1] (202) 629-2961"
      },
      "consulate(s) general": {
        "text": "Houston, New York"
      }
    },
    "Diplomatic representation from the US": {
      "chief of mission": {
        "text": "Ambassador James P. Zumwalt (since 9 January 2015); note - also accredited to Guinea-Bissau"
      },
      "embassy": {
        "text": "Route des Almadies, Dakar"
      },
      "mailing address": {
        "text": "B. P. 49, Dakar"
      },
      "telephone": {
        "text": "[221] 33-879-4000"
      },
      "FAX": {
        "text": "[221] 33-822-2991"
      }
    },
    "Flag description": {
      "text": "three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), yellow, and red with a small green five-pointed star centered in the yellow band; green represents Islam, progress, and hope; yellow signifies natural wealth and progress; red symbolizes sacrifice and determination; the star denotes unity and hope",
      "note": {
        "text": "uses the popular Pan-African colors of Ethiopia; the colors from left to right are the same as those of neighboring Mali and the reverse of those on the flag of neighboring Guinea"
      }
    },
    "National symbol(s)": {
      "text": "lion; national colors: green, yellow, red"
    },
    "National anthem": {
      "name": {
        "text": "\"Pincez Tous vos Koras, Frappez les Balafons\" (Pluck Your Koras, Strike the Balafons)"
      },
      "lyrics/music": {
        "text": "Leopold Sedar SENGHOR/Herbert PEPPER"
      },
      "note": {
        "text": "adopted 1960; lyrics written by Leopold Sedar SENGHOR, Senegal's first president; the anthem sometimes played incorporating the Koras (harp-like stringed instruments) and Balafons (types of xylophones) mentioned in the title"
      }
    }
  },
  "Economy": {
    "Economy - overview": {
      "text": "Senegal’s economy is driven by mining, construction, tourism, fisheries and agriculture which is the primary source of employment in rural areas. The country's key export industries include phosphate mining, fertilizer production, agricultural products and commercial fishing and it is also working on oil exploration projects. Senegal relies heavily on donor assistance, remittances and foreign direct investment. President Macky SALL, who was elected in March 2012 under a reformist policy agenda, inherited an economy with high energy costs, a challenging business environment, and a culture of overspending. Senegal received technical support from the IMF in 2010-2014 under a Policy Support Instrument to assist economic reform through sound macroeconomic and fiscal policies to reduce the fiscal deficit, increase transparency and facilitate private investment. President SALL unveiled an ambitious economic plan, the Emerging Senegal Plan, which aims to implement priority economic reforms and investment projects to increase economic growth. Bureaucratic bottlenecks and a challenging business climate are among the perennial challenges that may slow the implementation of this plan.  Investors have signaled confidence in the country through Senegal’s successful Eurobond issuances in recent years, including in 2014."
    },
    "GDP (purchasing power parity)": {
      "text": "$33.61 billion (2014 est.) ++ $32.15 billion (2013 est.) ++ $31.06 billion (2012 est.)",
      "note": {
        "text": "data are in 2014 US dollars"
      }
    },
    "GDP (official exchange rate)": {
      "text": "$15.58 billion (2014 est.)"
    },
    "GDP - real growth rate": {
      "text": "4.5% (2014 est.) ++ 3.5% (2013 est.) ++ 3.4% (2012 est.)"
    },
    "GDP - per capita (PPP)": {
      "text": "$2,300 (2014 est.) ++ $2,200 (2013 est.) ++ $2,100 (2012 est.)",
      "note": {
        "text": "data are in 2014 US dollars"
      }
    },
    "Gross national saving": {
      "text": "17.4% of GDP (2014 est.) ++ 16.4% of GDP (2013 est.) ++ 19% of GDP (2012 est.)"
    },
    "GDP - composition, by end use": {
      "household consumption": {
        "text": "73.1%"
      },
      "government consumption": {
        "text": "16.6%"
      },
      "investment in fixed capital": {
        "text": "23.5%"
      },
      "investment in inventories": {
        "text": "4.2%"
      },
      "exports of goods and services": {
        "text": "21.1%"
      },
      "imports of goods and services": {
        "text": "-38.5% ++  (2014 est.)"
      }
    },
    "GDP - composition, by sector of origin": {
      "agriculture": {
        "text": "15.6%"
      },
      "industry": {
        "text": "23.8%"
      },
      "services": {
        "text": "60.6% (2014 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Agriculture - products": {
      "text": "peanuts, millet, corn, sorghum, rice, cotton, tomatoes, green vegetables; cattle, poultry, pigs; fish"
    },
    "Industries": {
      "text": "agricultural and fish processing, phosphate mining, fertilizer production, petroleum refining, zircon, and gold mining, construction materials, ship construction and repair"
    },
    "Industrial production growth rate": {
      "text": "5.2% (2014 est.)"
    },
    "Labor force": {
      "text": "6.326 million (2014 est.)"
    },
    "Labor force - by occupation": {
      "agriculture": {
        "text": "77.5%"
      },
      "industry and services": {
        "text": "22.5% (2007 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Unemployment rate": {
      "text": "48% (2007 est.)"
    },
    "Population below poverty line": {
      "text": "46.7% (2011 est.)"
    },
    "Household income or consumption by percentage share": {
      "lowest 10%": {
        "text": "2.5%"
      },
      "highest 10%": {
        "text": "31.1% (2011)"
      }
    },
    "Distribution of family income - Gini index": {
      "text": "40.3 (2011) ++ 40.3 (2011)"
    },
    "Budget": {
      "revenues": {
        "text": "$3.844 billion"
      },
      "expenditures": {
        "text": "$4.662 billion (2014 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Taxes and other revenues": {
      "text": "24.2% of GDP (2014 est.)"
    },
    "Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)": {
      "text": "-5.2% of GDP (2014 est.)"
    },
    "Public debt": {
      "text": "47.5% of GDP (2014 est.) ++ 43.6% of GDP (2013 est.)"
    },
    "Fiscal year": {
      "text": "calendar year"
    },
    "Inflation rate (consumer prices)": {
      "text": "-0.5% (2014 est.) ++ 0.7% (2013 est.)"
    },
    "Central bank discount rate": {
      "text": "0.25% (31 December 2010) ++ 4.25% (31 December 2009)"
    },
    "Commercial bank prime lending rate": {
      "text": "13.3% (31 December 2014 est.) ++ 14% (31 December 2013 est.)"
    },
    "Stock of narrow money": {
      "text": "$4.086 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $4.177 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
    },
    "Stock of broad money": {
      "text": "$6.443 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $6.574 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
    },
    "Stock of domestic credit": {
      "text": "$5.549 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $5.394 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
    },
    "Market value of publicly traded shares": {
      "text": "$NA"
    },
    "Current account balance": {
      "text": "-$1.602 billion (2014 est.) ++ -$1.598 billion (2013 est.)"
    },
    "Exports": {
      "text": "$2.462 billion (2014 est.) ++ $2.563 billion (2013 est.)"
    },
    "Exports - commodities": {
      "text": "fish, groundnuts (peanuts), petroleum products, phosphates, cotton"
    },
    "Exports - partners": {
      "text": "Mali 16%, Switzerland 10.5%, UAE 5.2%, France 4.6% (2014)"
    },
    "Imports": {
      "text": "$5.481 billion (2014 est.) ++ $5.698 billion (2013 est.)"
    },
    "Imports - commodities": {
      "text": "food and beverages, capital goods, fuels"
    },
    "Imports - partners": {
      "text": "France 18.4%, Nigeria 8.7%, China 7.7%, Netherlands 6.3%, India 5.8%, Turkey 4.6%, Belgium 4.3% (2014)"
    },
    "Reserves of foreign exchange and gold": {
      "text": "$1.95 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $2.253 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
    },
    "Debt - external": {
      "text": "$5.747 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $4.91 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
    },
    "Exchange rates": {
      "text": "Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XOF) per US dollar - ++ 494.4 (2014 est.) ++ 494 (2013 est.) ++ 510.53 (2012 est.) ++ 471.87 (2011 est.) ++ 495.28 (2010)"
    }
  },
  "Energy": {
    "Electricity - production": {
      "text": "3.148 billion kWh (2012 est.)"
    },
    "Electricity - consumption": {
      "text": "2.586 billion kWh (2012 est.)"
    },
    "Electricity - exports": {
      "text": "0 kWh (2013 est.)"
    },
    "Electricity - imports": {
      "text": "0 kWh (2013 est.)"
    },
    "Electricity - installed generating capacity": {
      "text": "623,000 kW (2012 est.)"
    },
    "Electricity - from fossil fuels": {
      "text": "99.7% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)"
    },
    "Electricity - from nuclear fuels": {
      "text": "0% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)"
    },
    "Electricity - from hydroelectric plants": {
      "text": "0% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)"
    },
    "Electricity - from other renewable sources": {
      "text": "0.3% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)"
    },
    "Crude oil - production": {
      "text": "0 bbl/day (2014 est.)"
    },
    "Crude oil - exports": {
      "text": "0 bbl/day (2012 est.)"
    },
    "Crude oil - imports": {
      "text": "15,560 bbl/day (2012 est.)"
    },
    "Crude oil - proved reserves": {
      "text": "0 bbl (1 January 2015 est.)"
    },
    "Refined petroleum products - production": {
      "text": "16,190 bbl/day (2012 est.)"
    },
    "Refined petroleum products - consumption": {
      "text": "38,000 bbl/day (2013 est.)"
    },
    "Refined petroleum products - exports": {
      "text": "2,070 bbl/day (2012 est.)"
    },
    "Refined petroleum products - imports": {
      "text": "23,820 bbl/day (2012 est.)"
    },
    "Natural gas - production": {
      "text": "46 million cu m (2013 est.)"
    },
    "Natural gas - consumption": {
      "text": "46 million cu m (2013 est.)"
    },
    "Natural gas - exports": {
      "text": "0 cu m (2013 est.)"
    },
    "Natural gas - imports": {
      "text": "0 cu m (2013 est.)"
    },
    "Natural gas - proved reserves": {
      "text": "0 cu m (1 January 2014 est.)"
    },
    "Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy": {
      "text": "7.139 million Mt (2012 est.)"
    }
  },
  "Communications": {
    "Telephones - fixed lines": {
      "total subscriptions": {
        "text": "310,000"
      },
      "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
        "text": "2 (2014 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Telephones - mobile cellular": {
      "total": {
        "text": "14.4 million"
      },
      "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
        "text": "105 (2014 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Telephone system": {
      "general assessment": {
        "text": "good system with microwave radio relay, coaxial cable and fiber-optic cable in trunk system"
      },
      "domestic": {
        "text": "above-average urban system with a fiber-optic network; nearly two-thirds of all fixed-line connections are in Dakar where a call-center industry is emerging; expansion of fixed-line services in rural areas needed; mobile-cellular service is expanding rapidly"
      },
      "international": {
        "text": "country code - 221; the SAT-3/WASC fiber-optic cable provides connectivity to Europe and Asia while Atlantis-2 provides connectivity to South America; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2010)"
      }
    },
    "Broadcast media": {
      "text": "state-run Radiodiffusion Television Senegalaise (RTS) operates 2 TV stations; a few private TV subscription channels rebroadcast foreign channels without providing any local news or programs; RTS operates a national radio network and a number of regional FM stations; many community and private-broadcast radio stations are available; transmissions of at least 2 international broadcasters are accessible on FM in Dakar (2007)"
    },
    "Radio broadcast stations": {
      "text": "AM 8, FM 20, shortwave 1 (2001)"
    },
    "Television broadcast stations": {
      "text": "7 (2008)"
    },
    "Internet country code": {
      "text": ".sn"
    },
    "Internet users": {
      "total": {
        "text": "3 million"
      },
      "percent of population": {
        "text": "22.0% (2014 est.)"
      }
    }
  },
  "Transportation": {
    "Airports": {
      "text": "20 (2013)"
    },
    "Airports - with paved runways": {
      "total": {
        "text": "9"
      },
      "over 3,047 m": {
        "text": "2"
      },
      "1,524 to 2,437 m": {
        "text": "6"
      },
      "914 to 1,523 m": {
        "text": "1 (2013)"
      }
    },
    "Airports - with unpaved runways": {
      "total": {
        "text": "11"
      },
      "1,524 to 2,437 m": {
        "text": "7"
      },
      "914 to 1,523 m": {
        "text": "3"
      },
      "under 914 m": {
        "text": " ++ 1 (2013)"
      }
    },
    "Pipelines": {
      "text": "gas 43 km; refined products 8 km (2013)"
    },
    "Railways": {
      "total": {
        "text": "906 km"
      },
      "narrow gauge": {
        "text": "906 km 1.000-m gauge (2014)"
      }
    },
    "Roadways": {
      "total": {
        "text": "15,000 km"
      },
      "paved": {
        "text": "5,300 km (includes 7 km of expressways)"
      },
      "unpaved": {
        "text": "9,700 km (2015)"
      }
    },
    "Waterways": {
      "text": "1,000 km (primarily on the Senegal, Saloum, and Casamance Rivers) (2012)"
    },
    "Merchant marine": {
      "total": {
        "text": "1"
      },
      "by type": {
        "text": "passenger/cargo 1 (2010)"
      }
    },
    "Ports and terminals": {
      "major seaport(s)": {
        "text": "Dakar"
      }
    }
  },
  "Military": {
    "Military branches": {
      "text": "Senegalese Armed Forces: Army, Senegalese National Navy (Marine Senegalaise, MNS), Senegalese Air Force (Armee de l'Air du Senegal) (2013)"
    },
    "Military service age and obligation": {
      "text": "18 years of age for voluntary military service; 20 years of age for selective conscript service; 2-year service obligation; women have been accepted into military service since 2008 (2013)"
    },
    "Manpower available for military service": {
      "males age 16-49": {
        "text": "2,699,196"
      },
      "females age 16-49": {
        "text": "3,018,565 (2010 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Manpower fit for military service": {
      "males age 16-49": {
        "text": "1,788,493"
      },
      "females age 16-49": {
        "text": "2,133,370 (2010 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually": {
      "male": {
        "text": "145,509"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "145,064 (2010 est.)"
      }
    }
  },
  "Transnational Issues": {
    "Disputes - international": {
      "text": "The Gambia and Guinea-Bissau attempt to stem separatist violence, cross border raids, and arms smuggling into their countries from southern Senegal's Casamance region"
    },
    "Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
      "refugees (country of origin)": {
        "text": "13,699 (Mauritania) (2014)"
      },
      "IDPs": {
        "text": "up to 24,000 (clashes between government troops and separatists in Casamance region) (2014)"
      }
    },
    "Illicit drugs": {
      "text": "transshipment point for Southwest and Southeast Asian heroin and South American cocaine moving to Europe and North America; illicit cultivator of cannabis"
    }
  }
}