factbook.json/europe/sk-slovakia.json

{
  "intro": {
    "background": {
      "text": "Slovakia's roots can be traced to the 9th century state of Great Moravia. Subsequently, the Slovaks became part of the Hungarian Kingdom, where they remained for the next 1,000 years. Following the formation of the dual Austro-Hungarian monarchy in 1867, language and education policies favoring the use of Hungarian (Magyarization) resulted in a strengthening of Slovak nationalism and a cultivation of cultural ties with the closely related Czechs, who were under Austrian rule. After the dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian Empire at the close of World War I, the Slovaks joined the Czechs to form Czechoslovakia. During the interwar period, Slovak nationalist leaders pushed for autonomy within Czechoslovakia, and in 1939 Slovakia became an independent state allied with Nazi Germany. Following World War II, Czechoslovakia was reconstituted and came under communist rule within Soviet-dominated Eastern Europe. In 1968, an invasion by Warsaw Pact troops ended the efforts of the country's leaders to liberalize communist rule and create \"socialism with a human face,\" ushering in a period of repression known as \"normalization.\" The peaceful \"Velvet Revolution\" swept the Communist Party from power at the end of 1989 and inaugurated a return to democratic rule and a market economy. On 1 January 1993, the country underwent a nonviolent \"velvet divorce\" into its two national components, Slovakia and the Czech Republic. Slovakia joined both NATO and the EU in the spring of 2004 and the euro zone on 1 January 2009."
    }
  },
  "geo": {
    "location": {
      "text": "Central Europe, south of Poland"
    },
    "geographic_coordinates": {
      "text": "48 40 N, 19 30 E"
    },
    "map_references": {
      "text": "Europe"
    },
    "area": {
      "total": "49,035 sq km",
      "land": "48,105 sq km",
      "water": "930 sq km"
    },
    "area_comparative": {
      "text": "about twice the size of New Hampshire"
    },
    "land_boundaries": {
      "total": "1,474 km",
      "border_countries": "Austria 91 km, Czech Republic 197 km, Hungary 676 km, Poland 420 km, Ukraine 90 km"
    },
    "coastline": {
      "text": "0 km (landlocked)"
    },
    "maritime_claims": {
      "text": "none (landlocked)"
    },
    "climate": {
      "text": "temperate; cool summers; cold, cloudy, humid winters"
    },
    "terrain": {
      "text": "rugged mountains in the central and northern part and lowlands in the south"
    },
    "elevation_extremes": {
      "lowest_point": "Bodrok River 94 m",
      "highest_point": "Gerlachovsky Stit 2,655 m"
    },
    "natural_resources": {
      "text": "brown coal and lignite; small amounts of iron ore, copper and manganese ore; salt; arable land"
    },
    "land_use": {
      "arable_land": "28.36%",
      "permanent_crops": "0.41%",
      "other": "71.22% (2011)"
    },
    "irrigated_land": {
      "text": "1,720 sq km (2007)"
    },
    "total_renewable_water_resources": {
      "text": "50.1 cu km (2011)"
    },
    "freshwater_withdrawal_domestic_industrial_agricultural": {
      "total": "0.69  cu km/yr (47%/51%/3%)",
      "per_capita": "126.7  cu m/yr (2010)"
    },
    "natural_hazards": {
      "text": "NA"
    },
    "environment_current_issues": {
      "text": "air pollution from metallurgical plants presents human health risks; acid rain damaging forests"
    },
    "environment_international_agreements": {
      "party_to": "Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 85, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling",
      "signed_but_not_ratified": "none of the selected agreements"
    },
    "geography_note": {
      "text": "landlocked; most of the country is rugged and mountainous; the Tatra Mountains in the north are interspersed with many scenic lakes and valleys"
    }
  },
  "people": {
    "nationality": {
      "noun": "Slovak(s)",
      "adjective": "Slovak"
    },
    "ethnic_groups": {
      "text": "Slovak 85.8%, Hungarian 9.7%, Roma 1.7%, Ruthenian/Ukrainian 1%, other and unspecified 1.8% (2001 census)"
    },
    "languages": {
      "text": "Slovak (official) 83.9%, Hungarian 10.7%, Roma 1.8%, Ukrainian 1%, other or unspecified 2.6% (2001 census)"
    },
    "religions": {
      "text": "Roman Catholic 68.9%, Protestant 10.8%, Greek Catholic 4.1%, other or unspecified 3.2%, none 13% (2001 census)"
    },
    "population": {
      "text": "5,488,339 (July 2013 est.)"
    },
    "age_structure": {
      "0_14_years": "15.5% (male 435,635/female 416,223)",
      "15_24_years": "12.6% (male 354,390/female 338,536)",
      "25_54_years": "45.1% (male 1,246,625/female 1,229,929)",
      "55_64_years": "13.3% (male 344,605/female 384,967)",
      "65_years_and_over": "13.4% (male 278,659/female 458,770) (2013 est.)"
    },
    "dependency_ratios": {
      "total_dependency_ratio": "38.9 %",
      "youth_dependency_ratio": "20.9 %",
      "elderly_dependency_ratio": "18 %",
      "potential_support_ratio": "5.6 (2013)"
    },
    "median_age": {
      "total": "38.4 years",
      "male": "36.9 years",
      "female": "39.9 years (2013 est.)"
    },
    "population_growth_rate": {
      "text": "0.09% (2013 est.)"
    },
    "birth_rate": {
      "text": "10.27 births/1,000 population (2013 est.)"
    },
    "death_rate": {
      "text": "9.69 deaths/1,000 population (2013 est.)"
    },
    "net_migration_rate": {
      "text": "0.29 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2013 est.)"
    },
    "urbanization": {
      "urban_population": "54.7% of total population (2011)",
      "rate_of_urbanization": "0.06% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)"
    },
    "major_urban_areas_population": {
      "text": "BRATISLAVA (capital) 428,000 (2009)"
    },
    "sex_ratio": {
      "at_birth": "1.05 male(s)/female",
      "0_14_years": "1.05 male(s)/female",
      "15_24_years": "1.05 male(s)/female",
      "25_54_years": "1.01 male(s)/female",
      "55_64_years": "0.89 male(s)/female",
      "65_years_and_over": "0.6 male(s)/female",
      "total_population": "0.94 male(s)/female (2013 est.)"
    },
    "mother_s_mean_age_at_first_birth": {
      "text": "27.3 (2010 est.)"
    },
    "maternal_mortality_rate": {
      "text": "6 deaths/100,000 live births (2010)"
    },
    "infant_mortality_rate": {
      "total": "6.35 deaths/1,000 live births",
      "male": "7.4 deaths/1,000 live births",
      "female": "5.24 deaths/1,000 live births (2013 est.)"
    },
    "life_expectancy_at_birth": {
      "total_population": "76.24 years",
      "male": "72.36 years",
      "female": "80.31 years (2013 est.)"
    },
    "total_fertility_rate": {
      "text": "1.39 children born/woman (2013 est.)"
    },
    "contraceptive_prevalence_rate": {
      "text": "79.8%",
      "note": "percent of women aged 15-44 (1997)"
    },
    "health_expenditures": {
      "text": "8.8% of GDP (2010)"
    },
    "physicians_density": {
      "text": "3 physicians/1,000 population (2007)"
    },
    "hospital_bed_density": {
      "text": "6.5 beds/1,000 population (2009)"
    },
    "drinking_water_source": {
      "improved": "urban: 100% of population; rural: 100% of population; total: 100% of population (2010 est.)"
    },
    "sanitation_facility_access": {
      "improved": "urban: 100% of population; rural: 99% of population; total: 100% of population",
      "unimproved": "urban: 0% of population; rural: 1% of population; total: 0% of population (2010 est.)"
    },
    "hiv_aids_adult_prevalence_rate": {
      "text": "less than 0.1% (2009 est.)"
    },
    "hiv_aids_people_living_with_hiv_aids": {
      "text": "fewer than 500 (2009 est.)"
    },
    "hiv_aids_deaths": {
      "text": "fewer than 100 (2009 est.)"
    },
    "obesity_adult_prevalence_rate": {
      "text": "25.4% (2008)"
    },
    "education_expenditures": {
      "text": "4.1% of GDP (2009)"
    },
    "literacy": {
      "definition": "age 15 and over can read and write",
      "total_population": "99.6%",
      "male": "99.7%",
      "female": "99.6% (2004)"
    },
    "school_life_expectancy_primary_to_tertiary_education": {
      "total": "15 years",
      "male": "14 years",
      "female": "15 years (2011)"
    },
    "unemployment_youth_ages_15_24": {
      "total": "33.2%",
      "male": "33%",
      "female": "33.6% (2011)"
    }
  },
  "govt": {
    "country_name": {
      "conventional_long_form": "Slovak Republic",
      "conventional_short_form": "Slovakia",
      "local_long_form": "Slovenska republika",
      "local_short_form": "Slovensko"
    },
    "government_type": {
      "text": "parliamentary democracy"
    },
    "capital": {
      "name": "Bratislava",
      "geographic_coordinates": "48 09 N, 17 07 E",
      "time_difference": "UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)",
      "daylight_saving_time": "+1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October"
    },
    "administrative_divisions": {
      "text": "8 regions (kraje, singular - kraj); Banskobystricky, Bratislavsky, Kosicky, Nitriansky, Presovsky, Trenciansky, Trnavsky, Zilinsky"
    },
    "independence": {
      "text": "1 January 1993 (Czechoslovakia split into the Czech Republic and Slovakia)"
    },
    "national_holiday": {
      "text": "Constitution Day, 1 September (1992)"
    },
    "constitution": {
      "text": "ratified 1 September 1992, effective 1 January 1993; changed September 1998; amended February 2001",
      "note": "the change in September 1998 allowed direct election of the president; the amendment of February 2001 allowed Slovakia to apply for NATO and EU membership"
    },
    "legal_system": {
      "text": "civil law system based on Austro-Hungarian codes; note - legal code modified to comply with the obligations of Organization on Security and Cooperation in Europe and to expunge Marxist-Leninist legal system"
    },
    "international_law_organization_participation": {
      "text": "accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction"
    },
    "suffrage": {
      "text": "18 years of age; universal"
    },
    "executive_branch": {
      "chief_of_state": "President Ivan GASPAROVIC (since 15 June 2004)",
      "head_of_government": "Prime Minister Robert FICO (since 4 April 2012); Deputy Prime Ministers Robert KALINAK, Peter KAZIMIR, Miroslav LAJCAK (since 4 April 2012), Lubomir VAZNY (since 26 November 2012)",
      "cabinet": "Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister",
      "elections": "president elected by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 21 March and 4 April 2009 (next to be held no later than April 2014); following National Council elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of a majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the president",
      "election_results": "Ivan GASPAROVIC reelected president in runoff; percent of vote - Ivan GASPAROVIC 55.5%, Iveta RADICOVA 44.5%"
    },
    "legislative_branch": {
      "text": "unicameral National Council of the Slovak Republic or Narodna Rada Slovenskej Republiky (150 seats; members elected on the basis of proportional representation to serve four-year terms)",
      "elections": "last held on 10 March 2012 (next to be held in 2016)",
      "election_results": "percent of vote by party - Smer-SD 44.4%, KDH 8.8%, OLaNO 8.6%, Most-Hid 6.9%, SDKU-DS 6.1%, SaS 5.9%, other 19.3%; seats by party - Smer-SD 83, KDH 16, OLaNO 16, Most-Hid 13, SDKU-DS 11, SaS 11"
    },
    "judicial_branch": {
      "highest_courts": "Supreme Court of the Slovak Republic (consists of 78 judges - as of 2003 - organized into criminal, civil, commercial, and administrative divisions with 3- and 5-judge panels; Constitutional Court (consists of 13 judges)",
      "judge_selection_and_term_of_office": "Supreme Court judge candidates proposed by the Judicial Council of the Slovak Republic, a 17-member independent body to include the Supreme Court chief justice and presidential and governmental appointees; judges appointed by the president for life with mandatory retirement at age 65; Constitutional Court judges nominated by the National Council of the Republic and appointed by the president; judges appointed for 12-year terms",
      "subordinate_courts": "regional and district civil courts; Higher Military Court; military district courts; Court of Audit"
    },
    "political_parties_and_leaders": {
      "parties_in_the_parliament": "Bridge or Most-Hid [Bela BUGAR]; Christian Democratic Movement or KDH [Jan FIGEL]; Direction-Social Democracy or Smer-SD [Robert FICO]; Freedom and Solidarity or SaS [Richard SULIK]; Ordinary People and Independent Personalities or OLaNO [Igor MATOVIC]; Slovak Democratic and Christian Union-Democratic Party or SDKU-DS [Pavol FRESO]",
      "selected_parties_outside_the_parliament": "Civic Conservative Party or OKS [Ondrej DOSTAL]; Nation and Justice - Our Party or NAS [Anna BELOUSOVOVA]; Party of the Democratic Left or SDL [Jozef DURICA]; Party of the Hungarian Coalition or SMK [Jozsef BERENYI]; People's Party - Movement for a Democratic Slovakia or LS-HZDS [Vladimir MECIAR]; People's Party - Our Slovakia or LSNS [Marian KOTLEBA]; Slovak National Party or SNS [Andrej DANKO]"
    },
    "political_pressure_groups_and_leaders": {
      "text": "Association of Towns and Villages or ZMOS; Confederation of Trade Unions or KOZ; Entrepreneurs Association of Slovakia or ZPS; Federation of Employers' Associations of the Slovak Republic; Medical Trade Association or LOZ; National Union of Employers or RUZ; Slovak Chamber of Commerce and Industry or SOPK; The Business Alliance of Slovakia or PAS"
    },
    "international_organization_participation": {
      "text": "Australia Group, BIS, BSEC (observer), CBSS (observer), CD, CE, CEI, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EMU, EU, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OIF (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PCA, Schengen Convention, SELEC (observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNIDO, UNTSO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC"
    },
    "diplomatic_representation_in_the_us": {
      "chief_of_mission": "Ambassador Peter KMEC",
      "chancery": "3523 International Court NW, Washington, DC 20008",
      "telephone": "[1] (202) 237-1054",
      "fax": "[1] (202) 237-6438",
      "consulates_general": "Los Angeles, New York"
    },
    "diplomatic_representation_from_the_us": {
      "chief_of_mission": "Ambassador Theodore SEDGWICK",
      "embassy": "Hviezdoslavovo Namestie 4, 81102 Bratislava",
      "mailing_address": "P.O. Box 309, 814 99 Bratislava",
      "telephone": "[421] (2) 5443-3338",
      "fax": "[421] (2) 5441-8861"
    },
    "flag_description": {
      "text": "three equal horizontal bands of white (top), blue, and red derive from the Pan-Slav colors; the Slovakian coat of arms (consisting of a red shield bordered in white and bearing a white double-barred cross of St. Cyril and St. Methodius surmounting three blue hills) is centered over the bands but offset slightly to the hoist side",
      "note": "the Pan-Slav colors were inspired by the 19th-century flag of Russia"
    },
    "national_symbols": {
      "text": "double-barred cross (Cross of St. Cyril and St. Methodius) surmounting three peaks"
    },
    "national_anthem": {
      "name": "\"Nad Tatrou sa blyska\" (Lightning Over the Tatras)",
      "lyrics_music": "Janko MATUSKA/traditional",
      "note": "adopted 1993, in use since 1844; the anthem's music is based on the Slovak folk song \"Kopala studienku\""
    }
  },
  "econ": {
    "economy_overview": {
      "text": "Slovakia has made significant economic reforms since its separation from the Czech Republic in 1993. Reforms to the taxation, healthcare, pension, and social welfare systems helped Slovakia consolidate its budget and get on track to join the EU in 2004 after a period of relative stagnation in the early and mid 1990s and to adopt the euro in January 2009. Major privatizations are nearly complete, the banking sector is almost entirely in foreign hands, and the government has helped facilitate a foreign investment boom with business friendly policies. Slovakia's economic growth exceeded expectations in 2001-08 despite a general European slowdown. Foreign direct investment (FDI), especially in the automotive and electronic sectors, fueled much of the growth until 2008. Cheap and skilled labor, low taxes, no dividend taxes, a relatively liberal labor code, and a favorable geographical location are Slovakia's main advantages for foreign investors. The economy contracted 5% in 2009 primarily as a result of smaller inflows of FDI and reduced demand for Slovakia''s exports before rebounding in 2010-11, but growth slowed in 2012 due to weakening external demand. The government of Prime Minister Robert FICO in 2012 implemented tax increases on higher-earning individuals and corporations, effectively scrapping Slovakia''s flat tax to help meet budget deficit targets of 4.9% of GDP in 2012 and 3% of GDP in 2013."
    },
    "gdp_purchasing_power_parity": {
      "text": "$134.1 billion (2012 est.); $131.4 billion (2011 est.); $127.3 billion (2010 est.)",
      "note": "data are in 2012 US dollars"
    },
    "gdp_official_exchange_rate": {
      "text": "$91.92 billion (2012 est.)"
    },
    "gdp_real_growth_rate": {
      "text": "2% (2012 est.); 3.2% (2011 est.); 4.4% (2010 est.)"
    },
    "gdp_per_capita_ppp": {
      "text": "$24,600 (2012 est.); $24,200 (2011 est.); $23,500 (2010 est.)",
      "note": "data are in 2012 US dollars"
    },
    "gross_national_saving": {
      "text": "23% of GDP (2012 est.); 23.9% of GDP (2011 est.); 19.1% of GDP (2010 est.)"
    },
    "gdp_composition_by_end_use": {
      "household_consumption": "57.3%",
      "government_consumption": "17.6%",
      "investment_in_fixed_capital": "21.5%",
      "investment_in_inventories": "-0.8%",
      "exports_of_goods_and_services": "95.6%",
      "imports_of_goods_and_services": "-90.6% (2012 est.)"
    },
    "gdp_composition_by_sector_of_origin": {
      "agriculture": "3.8%",
      "industry": "37%",
      "services": "59.2% (2012 est.)"
    },
    "agriculture_products": {
      "text": "grains, potatoes, sugar beets, hops, fruit; pigs, cattle, poultry; forest products"
    },
    "industries": {
      "text": "metal and metal products; food and beverages; electricity, gas, coke, oil, nuclear fuel; chemicals and manmade fibers; machinery; paper and printing; earthenware and ceramics; transport vehicles; textiles; electrical and optical apparatus; rubber products"
    },
    "industrial_production_growth_rate": {
      "text": "6.2% (2012 est.)"
    },
    "labor_force": {
      "text": "2.724 million (2012 est.)"
    },
    "labor_force_by_occupation": {
      "agriculture": "3.5%",
      "industry": "27%",
      "services": "69.4% (December 2009)"
    },
    "unemployment_rate": {
      "text": "13.6% (2012 est.); 13.2% (2011 est.)"
    },
    "population_below_poverty_line": {
      "text": "21% (2002)"
    },
    "household_income_or_consumption_by_percentage_share": {
      "lowest_10%": "4.4%",
      "highest_10%": "22.4% (2009 est.)"
    },
    "distribution_of_family_income_gini_index": {
      "text": "26 (2005); 26.3 (1996)"
    },
    "budget": {
      "revenues": "$30.41 billion",
      "expenditures": "$34.4 billion (2012 est.)"
    },
    "taxes_and_other_revenues": {
      "text": "33.1% of GDP (2012 est.)"
    },
    "budget_surplus_+_or_deficit": {
      "text": "-4.3% of GDP (2012 est.)"
    },
    "public_debt": {
      "text": "52.1% of GDP (2012 est.); 43.3% of GDP (2011 est.)",
      "note": "data cover general Government Gross Debt, and includes debt instruments issued (or owned) by Government entities, including sub-sectors of central government, state government, local government, and social security funds."
    },
    "fiscal_year": {
      "text": "calendar year"
    },
    "inflation_rate_consumer_prices": {
      "text": "3.6% (2012 est.); 3.9% (2011 est.)"
    },
    "central_bank_discount_rate": {
      "text": "1.75% (31 December 2011 est.); 1.75% (31 December 2010 est.)",
      "note": "this is the European Central Bank's rate on the marginal lending facility, which offers overnight credit to banks from the euro area; Slovakia became a member of the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) on 1 January 2009"
    },
    "commercial_bank_prime_lending_rate": {
      "text": "3.47% (31 December 2012 est.); 3.91% (31 December 2011 est.)"
    },
    "stock_of_narrow_money": {
      "text": "$37.14 billion (31 December 2012 est.); $34.64 billion (31 December 2011 est.)",
      "note": "see entry for the European Union for money supply in the euro area; the European Central Bank (ECB) controls monetary policy for the 17 members of the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU); individual members of the EMU do not control the quantity of money circulating within their own borders"
    },
    "stock_of_broad_money": {
      "text": "$52.73 billion (31 December 2012 est.); $52.99 billion (31 December 2011 est.)"
    },
    "stock_of_domestic_credit": {
      "text": "$68.47 billion (31 December 2012 est.); $68.04 billion (31 December 2011 est.)"
    },
    "market_value_of_publicly_traded_shares": {
      "text": "$4.736 billion (31 December 2011); $4.15 billion (31 December 2010); $4.672 billion (31 December 2009)"
    },
    "current_account_balance": {
      "text": "$535.2 million (2012 est.); $52.86 million (2011 est.)"
    },
    "exports": {
      "text": "$80.67 billion (2012 est.); $78.5 billion (2011 est.)"
    },
    "exports_commodities": {
      "text": "machinery and electrical equipment 35.9%, vehicles 21%, base metals 11.3%, chemicals and minerals 8.1%, plastics 4.9% (2009 est.)"
    },
    "exports_partners": {
      "text": "Germany 22.4%, Czech Republic 14.6%, Poland 8.6%, Hungary 7.8%, Austria 7.1%, France 5.6%, Italy 4.9%, UK 4.1% (2012)"
    },
    "imports": {
      "text": "$75.99 billion (2012 est.); $75.1 billion (2011 est.)"
    },
    "imports_commodities": {
      "text": "machinery and transport equipment 31%, mineral products 13%, vehicles 12%, base metals 9%, chemicals 8%, plastics 6% (2009 est.)"
    },
    "imports_partners": {
      "text": "Germany 18.5%, Czech Republic 17.9%, Russia 9.9%, Austria 7.7%, Hungary 7.2%, Poland 6%, South Korea 4.3% (2012)"
    },
    "reserves_of_foreign_exchange_and_gold": {
      "text": "$2.519 billion (31 December 2012 est.); $2.462 billion (31 December 2011 est.)"
    },
    "debt_external": {
      "text": "$68.44 billion (31 December 2012 est.); $68.61 billion (31 December 2011 est.)"
    },
    "stock_of_direct_foreign_investment_at_home": {
      "text": "$61.49 billion (31 December 2012 est.); $58.69 billion (31 December 2011 est.)"
    },
    "stock_of_direct_foreign_investment_abroad": {
      "text": "$11.54 billion (31 December 2012 est.); $11.61 billion (31 December 2011 est.)"
    },
    "exchange_rates": {
      "text": "euros (EUR) per US dollar -; 0.7778 (2012 est.); 0.7185 (2011 est.); 0.755 (2010 est.); 0.7198 (2009 est.); 0.6827 (2008 est.)"
    }
  },
  "energy": {
    "electricity_production": {
      "text": "27.7 billion kWh (2011 est.)"
    },
    "electricity_consumption": {
      "text": "28.76 billion kWh (2010 est.)"
    },
    "electricity_exports": {
      "text": "10.5 billion kWh (2011 est.)"
    },
    "electricity_imports": {
      "text": "10.9 billion kWh (2011 est.)"
    },
    "electricity_installed_generating_capacity": {
      "text": "7.155 million kW (2009 est.)"
    },
    "electricity_from_fossil_fuels": {
      "text": "37.1% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)"
    },
    "electricity_from_nuclear_fuels": {
      "text": "25.4% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)"
    },
    "electricity_from_hydroelectric_plants": {
      "text": "22% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)"
    },
    "electricity_from_other_renewable_sources": {
      "text": "2.7% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)"
    },
    "crude_oil_production": {
      "text": "5,781 bbl/day (2011 est.)"
    },
    "crude_oil_exports": {
      "text": "300 bbl/day (2009 est.)"
    },
    "crude_oil_imports": {
      "text": "114,100 bbl/day (2009 est.)"
    },
    "crude_oil_proved_reserves": {
      "text": "9 million bbl (1 January 2012 est.)"
    },
    "refined_petroleum_products_production": {
      "text": "136,100 bbl/day (2009 est.)"
    },
    "refined_petroleum_products_consumption": {
      "text": "83,910 bbl/day (2011 est.)"
    },
    "refined_petroleum_products_exports": {
      "text": "78,640 bbl/day (2009 est.)"
    },
    "refined_petroleum_products_imports": {
      "text": "25,630 bbl/day (2009 est.)"
    },
    "natural_gas_production": {
      "text": "116 million cu m (2011 est.)"
    },
    "natural_gas_consumption": {
      "text": "6.468 billion cu m (2011 est.)"
    },
    "natural_gas_exports": {
      "text": "7 million cu m (2011 est.)"
    },
    "natural_gas_imports": {
      "text": "6.743 billion cu m (2011 est.)"
    },
    "natural_gas_proved_reserves": {
      "text": "14.16 billion cu m (1 January 2012 est.)"
    },
    "carbon_dioxide_emissions_from_consumption_of_energy": {
      "text": "34.54 million Mt (2010 est.)"
    }
  },
  "comm": {
    "telephones_main_lines_in_use": {
      "text": "1.056 million (2011)"
    },
    "telephones_mobile_cellular": {
      "text": "5.983 million (2011)"
    },
    "telephone_system": {
      "general_assessment": "Slovakia has a modern telecommunications system that has expanded dramatically in recent years with the growth in cellular services",
      "domestic": "analog system is now receiving digital equipment and is being enlarged with fiber-optic cable, especially in the larger cities; 3 companies provide nationwide cellular services",
      "international": "country code - 421; 3 international exchanges (1 in Bratislava and 2 in Banska Bystrica) are available; Slovakia is participating in several international telecommunications projects that will increase the availability of external services (2011)"
    },
    "broadcast_media": {
      "text": "state-owned public broadcaster, Radio and Television of Slovakia (RTVS), operates 3 national TV stations and multiple national and regional radio networks; roughly 35 privately owned TV stations operating nationally, regionally, and locally; about 40% of households are connected to multi-channel cable or satellite TV; more than 20 privately owned radio stations (2008)"
    },
    "internet_country_code": {
      "text": ".sk"
    },
    "internet_hosts": {
      "text": "1.384 million (2012)"
    },
    "internet_users": {
      "text": "4.063 million (2009)"
    }
  },
  "trans": {
    "airports": {
      "text": "35 (2013)"
    },
    "airports_with_paved_runways": {
      "total": "21",
      "over_3_047_m": "2",
      "2_438_to_3_047_m": "2",
      "1_524_to_2_437_m": "3",
      "914_to_1_523_m": "3",
      "under_914_m": "11 (2013)"
    },
    "airports_with_unpaved_runways": {
      "total": "14",
      "914_to_1_523_m": "9",
      "under_914_m": "5 (2013)"
    },
    "heliports": {
      "text": "1 (2013)"
    },
    "pipelines": {
      "text": "gas 6,774 km; oil 419 km (2013)"
    },
    "railways": {
      "total": "3,622 km",
      "broad_gauge": "99 km 1.520-m gauge",
      "standard_gauge": "3,473 km 1.435-m gauge (1,615 km electrified)",
      "narrow_gauge": "50 km 1.000-m or 0.750-m gauge (2008)"
    },
    "roadways": {
      "total": "43,761 km",
      "paved": "38,085 km (includes 384 km of expressways)",
      "unpaved": "5,676 km (2008)"
    },
    "waterways": {
      "text": "172 km (on Danube River) (2009)"
    },
    "merchant_marine": {
      "total": "11",
      "by_type": "cargo 9, refrigerated cargo 2",
      "foreign_owned": "11 (Germany 3, Ireland 1, Italy 2,  Montenegro 1, Slovenia 1, Turkey 1, Ukraine 2) (2010)"
    },
    "ports_and_terminals": {
      "text": "Bratislava, Komarno"
    }
  },
  "military": {
    "military_branches": {
      "text": "Armed Forces of the Slovak Republic (Ozbrojene Sily Slovenskej Republiky): Land Forces (Pozemne Sily), Air Forces (Vzdusne Sily) (2010)"
    },
    "military_service_age_and_obligation": {
      "text": "18-30 years of age for voluntary military service; conscription in peacetime suspended in 2006; women are eligible to serve (2012)"
    },
    "manpower_available_for_military_service": {
      "males_age_16_49": "1,405,310",
      "females_age_16_49": "1,369,897 (2010 est.)"
    },
    "manpower_fit_for_military_service": {
      "males_age_16_49": "1,156,113",
      "females_age_16_49": "1,139,380 (2010 est.)"
    },
    "manpower_reaching_militarily_significant_age_annually": {
      "male": "31,646",
      "female": "30,219 (2010 est.)"
    },
    "military_expenditures": {
      "text": "1.08% of GDP (2005 est.)"
    }
  },
  "issues": {
    "disputes_international": {
      "text": "bilateral government, legal, technical and economic working group negotiations continued in 2006 between Slovakia and Hungary over Hungary's completion of its portion of the Gabcikovo-Nagymaros hydroelectric dam project along the Danube; as a member state that forms part of the EU's external border, Slovakia has implemented the strict Schengen border rules"
    },
    "refugees_and_internally_displaced_persons": {
      "stateless_persons": "1,523 (2013)"
    },
    "illicit_drugs": {
      "text": "transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin bound for Western Europe; producer of synthetic drugs for regional market; consumer of ecstasy"
    }
  }
}