factbook.json/central-america-n-caribbean/ho.json

{
  "Introduction": {
    "Background": {
      "text": "Once part of Spain's vast empire in the New World, Honduras became an independent nation in 1821. After two and a half decades of mostly military rule, a freely elected civilian government came to power in 1982. During the 1980s, Honduras proved a haven for anti-Sandinista contras fighting the Marxist Nicaraguan Government and an ally to Salvadoran Government forces fighting leftist guerrillas. Hurricane Mitch devastated the country in 1998, killing about 5,600 people and causing approximately $2 billion in damage. Since then, the economy has slowly rebounded, despite COVID-19 and severe storm-related setbacks in 2020 and 2021."
    }
  },
  "Geography": {
    "Location": {
      "text": "Central America, bordering the Caribbean Sea, between Guatemala and Nicaragua and bordering the Gulf of Fonseca (North Pacific Ocean), between El Salvador and Nicaragua"
    },
    "Geographic coordinates": {
      "text": "15 00 N, 86 30 W"
    },
    "Map references": {
      "text": "Central America and the Caribbean"
    },
    "Area": {
      "total ": {
        "text": "112,090 sq km"
      },
      "land": {
        "text": "111,890 sq km"
      },
      "water": {
        "text": "200 sq km"
      }
    },
    "Area - comparative": {
      "text": "slightly larger than Tennessee"
    },
    "Land boundaries": {
      "total": {
        "text": "1,575 km"
      },
      "border countries": {
        "text": "Guatemala 244 km; El Salvador 391 km; Nicaragua 940 km"
      }
    },
    "Coastline": {
      "text": "823 km (Caribbean Sea 669 km, Gulf of Fonseca 163 km)"
    },
    "Maritime claims": {
      "territorial sea": {
        "text": "12 nm"
      },
      "contiguous zone": {
        "text": "24 nm"
      },
      "exclusive economic zone": {
        "text": "200 nm"
      },
      "continental shelf": {
        "text": "natural extension of territory or to 200 nm"
      }
    },
    "Climate": {
      "text": "subtropical in lowlands, temperate in mountains"
    },
    "Terrain": {
      "text": "mostly mountains in interior, narrow coastal plains"
    },
    "Elevation": {
      "highest point": {
        "text": "Cerro Las Minas 2,870 m"
      },
      "lowest point": {
        "text": "Caribbean Sea 0 m"
      },
      "mean elevation": {
        "text": "684 m"
      }
    },
    "Natural resources": {
      "text": "timber, gold, silver, copper, lead, zinc, iron ore, antimony, coal, fish, hydropower"
    },
    "Land use": {
      "agricultural land": {
        "text": "28.8% (2018 est.)"
      },
      "agricultural land: arable land": {
        "text": "arable land: 9.1% (2018 est.)"
      },
      "agricultural land: permanent crops": {
        "text": "permanent crops: 4% (2018 est.)"
      },
      "agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
        "text": "permanent pasture: 15.7% (2018 est.)"
      },
      "forest": {
        "text": "45.3% (2018 est.)"
      },
      "other": {
        "text": "25.9% (2018 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Irrigated land": {
      "text": "900 sq km (2012)"
    },
    "Major lakes (area sq km)": {
      "salt water lake(s)": {
        "text": "Laguna de Caratasca - 1,110 sq km"
      }
    },
    "Population distribution": {
      "text": "most residents live in the mountainous western half of the country; unlike other Central American nations, Honduras is the only one with an urban population that is distributed between two large centers - the capital of Tegucigalpa and the city of San Pedro Sula; the Rio Ulua valley in the north is the only densely populated lowland area"
    },
    "Natural hazards": {
      "text": "frequent, but generally mild, earthquakes; extremely susceptible to damaging hurricanes and floods along the Caribbean coast"
    },
    "Geography - note": {
      "text": "has only a short Pacific coast but a long Caribbean shoreline, including the virtually uninhabited eastern Mosquito Coast"
    }
  },
  "People and Society": {
    "Population": {
      "total": {
        "text": "9,529,188"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "4,591,247"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "4,937,941 (2024 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Nationality": {
      "noun": {
        "text": "Honduran(s)"
      },
      "adjective": {
        "text": "Honduran"
      }
    },
    "Ethnic groups": {
      "text": "Mestizo (mixed Indigenous and European) 90%, Indigenous 7%, African descent 2%, White 1%"
    },
    "Languages": {
      "Languages": {
        "text": "Spanish (official), Amerindian dialects"
      },
      "major-language sample(s)": {
        "text": "<br>La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de información básica. (Spanish)<br><br>The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information."
      }
    },
    "Religions": {
      "text": "Evangelical 55%, Roman Catholic 33.4%, none 10.1%, unspecified 1.5% (2023 est.)"
    },
    "Demographic profile": {
      "text": "<p>Honduras is one of the poorest countries in Latin America and has one of the world's highest murder rates. More than half of the population lives in poverty and per capita income is one of the lowest in the region. Poverty rates are higher among rural and indigenous people and in the south, west, and along the eastern border than in the north and central areas where most of Honduras' industries and infrastructure are concentrated. The increased productivity needed to break Honduras' persistent high poverty rate depends, in part, on further improvements in educational attainment. Although primary-school enrollment is near 100%, educational quality is poor, the drop-out rate and grade repetition remain high, and teacher and school accountability is low.</p> <p>Honduras' population growth rate has slowed since the 1990s and is now 1.2% annually with a birth rate that averages 2.1 children per woman and more among rural, indigenous, and poor women. Honduras' young adult population - ages 15 to 29 - is projected to continue growing rapidly for the next three decades and then stabilize or slowly shrink. Population growth and limited job prospects outside of agriculture will continue to drive emigration. Remittances represent about a fifth of GDP.</p>"
    },
    "Age structure": {
      "0-14 years": {
        "text": "28.7% (male 1,378,026/female 1,353,238)"
      },
      "15-64 years": {
        "text": "65.7% (male 2,980,393/female 3,282,159)"
      },
      "65 years and over": {
        "text": "5.6% (2024 est.) (male 232,828/female 302,544)"
      }
    },
    "Dependency ratios": {
      "total dependency ratio": {
        "text": "53.3"
      },
      "youth dependency ratio": {
        "text": "46.9"
      },
      "elderly dependency ratio": {
        "text": "6.4"
      },
      "potential support ratio": {
        "text": "15.5 (2021 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Median age": {
      "total": {
        "text": "25.7 years (2024 est.)"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "24.8 years"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "26.6 years"
      }
    },
    "Population growth rate": {
      "text": "1.29% (2024 est.)"
    },
    "Birth rate": {
      "text": "19.9 births/1,000 population (2024 est.)"
    },
    "Death rate": {
      "text": "5.4 deaths/1,000 population (2024 est.)"
    },
    "Net migration rate": {
      "text": "-1.7 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2024 est.)"
    },
    "Population distribution": {
      "text": "most residents live in the mountainous western half of the country; unlike other Central American nations, Honduras is the only one with an urban population that is distributed between two large centers - the capital of Tegucigalpa and the city of San Pedro Sula; the Rio Ulua valley in the north is the only densely populated lowland area"
    },
    "Urbanization": {
      "urban population": {
        "text": "60.2% of total population (2023)"
      },
      "rate of urbanization": {
        "text": "2.48% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Major urban areas - population": {
      "text": "1.568 million TEGUCIGALPA (capital), 982,000 San Pedro Sula (2023)"
    },
    "Sex ratio": {
      "at birth": {
        "text": "1.03 male(s)/female"
      },
      "0-14 years": {
        "text": "1.02 male(s)/female"
      },
      "15-64 years": {
        "text": "0.91 male(s)/female"
      },
      "65 years and over": {
        "text": "0.77 male(s)/female"
      },
      "total population": {
        "text": "0.93 male(s)/female (2024 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Mother's mean age at first birth": {
      "text": "20.3 years (2011/12 est.)",
      "note": "<strong>note:</strong> data represents median age a first birth among women 25-49"
    },
    "Maternal mortality ratio": {
      "text": "72 deaths/100,000 live births (2020 est.)"
    },
    "Infant mortality rate": {
      "total": {
        "text": "15.4 deaths/1,000 live births (2024 est.)"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "17.5 deaths/1,000 live births"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "13.2 deaths/1,000 live births"
      }
    },
    "Life expectancy at birth": {
      "total population": {
        "text": "73.1 years (2024 est.)"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "69.6 years"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "76.8 years"
      }
    },
    "Total fertility rate": {
      "text": "2.33 children born/woman (2024 est.)"
    },
    "Gross reproduction rate": {
      "text": "1.15 (2024 est.)"
    },
    "Contraceptive prevalence rate": {
      "text": "69.4% (2019)"
    },
    "Drinking water source": {
      "improved: urban": {
        "text": "urban: 100% of population"
      },
      "improved: rural": {
        "text": "rural: 90.7% of population"
      },
      "improved: total": {
        "text": "total: 96.1% of population"
      },
      "unimproved: urban": {
        "text": "urban: 0% of population"
      },
      "unimproved: rural": {
        "text": "rural: 9.3% of population"
      },
      "unimproved: total": {
        "text": "total: 3.9% of population (2020 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Current health expenditure": {
      "text": "9% of GDP (2020)"
    },
    "Physician density": {
      "text": "0.5 physicians/1,000 population (2020)"
    },
    "Hospital bed density": {
      "text": "0.6 beds/1,000 population (2017)"
    },
    "Sanitation facility access": {
      "improved: urban": {
        "text": "urban: 96.7% of population"
      },
      "improved: rural": {
        "text": "rural: 87.9% of population"
      },
      "improved: total": {
        "text": "total: 93% of population"
      },
      "unimproved: urban": {
        "text": "urban: 3.3% of population"
      },
      "unimproved: rural": {
        "text": "rural: 12.1% of population"
      },
      "unimproved: total": {
        "text": "total: 7% of population (2020 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
      "text": "21.4% (2016)"
    },
    "Alcohol consumption per capita": {
      "total": {
        "text": "2.73 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)"
      },
      "beer": {
        "text": "1.6 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)"
      },
      "wine": {
        "text": "0.04 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)"
      },
      "spirits": {
        "text": "1.09 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)"
      },
      "other alcohols": {
        "text": "0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": {
      "text": "7.1% (2019)"
    },
    "Currently married women (ages 15-49)": {
      "text": "53.5% (2023 est.)"
    },
    "Child marriage": {
      "women married by age 15": {
        "text": "9.2%"
      },
      "women married by age 18": {
        "text": "34%"
      },
      "men married by age 18": {
        "text": "10% (2019 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Education expenditures": {
      "text": "6.4% of GDP (2020 est.)"
    },
    "Literacy": {
      "definition": {
        "text": "age 15 and over can read and write"
      },
      "total population": {
        "text": "88.5%"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "88.2%"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "88.7% (2019)"
      }
    },
    "School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
      "total": {
        "text": "10 years"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "10 years"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "11 years (2019)"
      }
    }
  },
  "Environment": {
    "Environment - current issues": {
      "text": "urban population expanding; deforestation results from logging and the clearing of land for agricultural purposes; further land degradation and soil erosion hastened by uncontrolled development and improper land use practices such as farming of marginal lands; mining activities polluting Lago de Yojoa (the country's largest source of fresh water), as well as several rivers and streams, with heavy metals"
    },
    "Environment - international agreements": {
      "party to": {
        "text": "Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Convention, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 2006, Wetlands"
      },
      "signed, but not ratified": {
        "text": "none of the selected agreements"
      }
    },
    "Climate": {
      "text": "subtropical in lowlands, temperate in mountains"
    },
    "Land use": {
      "agricultural land": {
        "text": "28.8% (2018 est.)"
      },
      "agricultural land: arable land": {
        "text": "arable land: 9.1% (2018 est.)"
      },
      "agricultural land: permanent crops": {
        "text": "permanent crops: 4% (2018 est.)"
      },
      "agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
        "text": "permanent pasture: 15.7% (2018 est.)"
      },
      "forest": {
        "text": "45.3% (2018 est.)"
      },
      "other": {
        "text": "25.9% (2018 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Urbanization": {
      "urban population": {
        "text": "60.2% of total population (2023)"
      },
      "rate of urbanization": {
        "text": "2.48% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Revenue from forest resources": {
      "text": "0.91% of GDP (2018 est.)"
    },
    "Revenue from coal": {
      "text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
    },
    "Air pollutants": {
      "particulate matter emissions": {
        "text": "18.93 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)"
      },
      "carbon dioxide emissions": {
        "text": "9.81 megatons (2016 est.)"
      },
      "methane emissions": {
        "text": "7.72 megatons (2020 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Waste and recycling": {
      "municipal solid waste generated annually": {
        "text": "2,162,028 tons (2016 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Major lakes (area sq km)": {
      "salt water lake(s)": {
        "text": "Laguna de Caratasca - 1,110 sq km"
      }
    },
    "Total water withdrawal": {
      "municipal": {
        "text": "320 million cubic meters (2020 est.)"
      },
      "industrial": {
        "text": "111 million cubic meters (2020 est.)"
      },
      "agricultural": {
        "text": "1.18 billion cubic meters (2020 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Total renewable water resources": {
      "text": "92.16 billion cubic meters (2020 est.)"
    }
  },
  "Government": {
    "Country name": {
      "conventional long form": {
        "text": "Republic of Honduras"
      },
      "conventional short form": {
        "text": "Honduras"
      },
      "local long form": {
        "text": "Rep&uacute;blica de Honduras"
      },
      "local short form": {
        "text": "Honduras"
      },
      "etymology": {
        "text": "the name means \"depths\" in Spanish and refers to the deep anchorage in the northern Bay of Trujillo"
      }
    },
    "Government type": {
      "text": "presidential republic"
    },
    "Capital": {
      "name": {
        "text": "Tegucigalpa; note - article eight of the Honduran constitution states that the twin cities of Tegucigalpa and Comayaguela, jointly, constitute the capital of the Republic of Honduras; however, virtually all governmental institutions are on the Tegucigalpa side, which in practical terms makes Tegucigalpa the capital"
      },
      "geographic coordinates": {
        "text": "14 06 N, 87 13 W"
      },
      "time difference": {
        "text": "UTC-6 (1 hour behind Washington, DC during Standard Time)"
      },
      "etymology": {
        "text": "while most sources agree that Tegucigalpa is of Nahuatl derivation, there is no consensus on its original meaning"
      }
    },
    "Administrative divisions": {
      "text": "18 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento); Atlantida, Choluteca, Colon, Comayagua, Copan, Cortes, El Paraiso, Francisco Morazan, Gracias a Dios, Intibuca, Islas de la Bahia, La Paz, Lempira, Ocotepeque, Olancho, Santa Barbara, Valle, Yoro"
    },
    "Independence": {
      "text": "15 September 1821 (from Spain)"
    },
    "National holiday": {
      "text": "Independence Day, 15 September (1821)"
    },
    "Legal system": {
      "text": "civil law system"
    },
    "Constitution": {
      "history": {
        "text": "several previous; latest approved 11 January 1982, effective 20 January 1982"
      },
      "amendments": {
        "text": "proposed by the National Congress with at least two-thirds majority vote of the membership; passage requires at least two-thirds majority vote of Congress in its next annual session; constitutional articles, such as the form of government, national sovereignty, the presidential term, and the procedure for amending the constitution, cannot be amended; amended several times, last in 2021"
      }
    },
    "International law organization participation": {
      "text": "accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction"
    },
    "Citizenship": {
      "citizenship by birth": {
        "text": "yes"
      },
      "citizenship by descent only": {
        "text": "yes"
      },
      "dual citizenship recognized": {
        "text": "yes"
      },
      "residency requirement for naturalization": {
        "text": "1 to 3 years"
      }
    },
    "Suffrage": {
      "text": "18 years of age; universal and compulsory"
    },
    "Executive branch": {
      "chief of state": {
        "text": "President Iris Xiomara CASTRO de Zelaya (since 27 January 2022)&nbsp;"
      },
      "head of government": {
        "text": "President Iris Xiomara CASTRO de Zelaya (since 27 January 2022)&nbsp;"
      },
      "cabinet": {
        "text": "Cabinet appointed by president"
      },
      "elections/appointments": {
        "text": "president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 4-year term; election last held on 28 November 2021 (next to be held on 30 November 2025); note - in 2015, the Constitutional Chamber of the Honduran Supreme Court struck down the constitutional provisions on presidential term limits"
      },
      "election results": {
        "text": "<br><em>2021: </em>Iris Xiomara CASTRO de Zelaya elected president; percent of vote - Iris Xiomara CASTRO de Zelaya (LIBRE) 51.1%, Nasry Juan ASFURA Zablah (PNH) 36.9%, Yani Benjamin ROSENTHAL Hidalgo (PL) 10%, other 2%<em><br><br>2017:</em> Juan Orlando HERNANDEZ Alvarado reelected president; percent of vote - Juan Orlando HERNANDEZ Alvarado (PNH) 43%, Salvador NASRALLA (Alianza de Oposicion contra la Dictadura) 41.4%, Luis Orlando ZELAYA Medrano (PL) 14.7%, other 0.9%"
      },
      "note": "<strong>note:</strong> the president is both chief of state and head of government"
    },
    "Legislative branch": {
      "legislature name": {
        "text": "National Congress (Congreso Nacional)"
      },
      "legislative structure": {
        "text": "unicameral"
      },
      "number of seats": {
        "text": "128 (all directly elected)"
      },
      "electoral system": {
        "text": "proportional representation"
      },
      "scope of elections": {
        "text": "full renewal"
      },
      "term in office": {
        "text": "4 years"
      },
      "most recent election date": {
        "text": "11/28/2021"
      },
      "parties elected and seats per party": {
        "text": "Liberty and Refoundation Party (LIBRE) (50); National Party (PN) (44); Liberal Party (PL) (22); Salvador de Honduras Party (PSH) (10); Other (2)"
      },
      "percentage of women in chamber": {
        "text": "27.3%"
      },
      "expected date of next election": {
        "text": "November 2025"
      }
    },
    "Judicial branch": {
      "highest court(s)": {
        "text": "Supreme Court of Justice or Corte Suprema de Justicia (15 principal judges, including the court president, and 6 alternates; court organized into civil, criminal, constitutional, and labor chambers); note - the court has both judicial and constitutional jurisdiction"
      },
      "judge selection and term of office": {
        "text": "court president elected by his peers; judges elected by the National Congress from candidates proposed by the Nominating Board, a diverse 7-member group of judicial officials and other government and non-government officials nominated by each of their organizations; judges elected by Congress for renewable, 7-year terms"
      },
      "subordinate courts": {
        "text": "courts of appeal; courts of first instance; justices of the peace"
      }
    },
    "Political parties": {
      "text": "Anti-Corruption Party or PAC<br>Christian Democratic Party or DC<br>Democratic Liberation of Honduras or Liderh<br>Democratic Unification Party or UD<br>The Front or El Frente<br>Honduran Patriotic Alliance or AP<br>Innovation and Unity Party or PINU<br>Liberal Party or PL<br>Liberty and Refoundation Party or LIBRE<br>National Party of Honduras or PNH<br>New Route or NR<br>Opposition Alliance against the Dictatorship or Alianza de Oposicion contra la Dictadura (electoral coalition)<br>Savior Party of Honduras or PSH<br>Vamos or Let’s Go<br>We Are All Honduras (Todos Somos Honduras) or TSH"
    },
    "International organization participation": {
      "text": "ACS, BCIE, CACM, CD, CELAC, EITI (candidate country), FAO, G-11, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC (suspended), IOM, IPU, ISO (subscriber), ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAES, LAIA (observer), MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSTAH, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, Pacific Alliance (observer), PCA, Petrocaribe, SICA, UN, UNCTAD, UNHRC, UNESCO, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WCO (suspended), WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
    },
    "Diplomatic representation in the US": {
      "chief of mission": {
        "text": "Ambassador Javier Efrain BU SOTO (since 12 December 2022)"
      },
      "chancery": {
        "text": "1220 19th Street NW, Suite #320, Washington, DC 20036"
      },
      "telephone": {
        "text": "[1] (202) 966-7702"
      },
      "FAX": {
        "text": "[1] (202) 966-9751"
      },
      "email address and website": {
        "text": "<br>info@wadchn.com<br><br>https://hondurasembusa.org/"
      },
      "consulate(s) general": {
        "text": "Atlanta, Boston, Charlotte (NC), Chicago, Dallas, Houston, Los Angeles, McAllen (TX), Miami, New Orleans, New York, San Francisco, Seattle"
      }
    },
    "Diplomatic representation from the US": {
      "chief of mission": {
        "text": "Ambassador Laura F. DOGU (since 12 April 2022)"
      },
      "embassy": {
        "text": "Avenida La Paz, Tegucigalpa M.D.C."
      },
      "mailing address": {
        "text": "3480 Tegucigalpa Place, Washington DC&nbsp; 20521-3480"
      },
      "telephone": {
        "text": "[504] 2236-9320,"
      },
      "FAX": {
        "text": "[504] 2236-9037"
      },
      "email address and website": {
        "text": "<br>usahonduras@state.gov<br><br>https://hn.usembassy.gov/"
      }
    },
    "Flag description": {
      "text": "three equal horizontal bands of cerulean blue (top), white, and cerulean blue, with five cerulean, five-pointed stars arranged in an X pattern centered in the white band; the stars represent the members of the former Federal Republic of Central America: Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua; the blue bands symbolize the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea; the white band represents the land between the two bodies of water and the peace and prosperity of its people",
      "note": "<strong>note:</strong> similar to the flag of El Salvador, which features a round emblem encircled by the words REPUBLICA DE EL SALVADOR EN LA AMERICA CENTRAL centered in the white band; also similar to the flag of Nicaragua, which features a triangle encircled by the words REPUBLICA DE NICARAGUA on top and AMERICA CENTRAL on the bottom, centered in the white band"
    },
    "National symbol(s)": {
      "text": "scarlet macaw, white-tailed deer; national colors: blue, white"
    },
    "National anthem": {
      "name": {
        "text": "\"Himno Nacional de Honduras\" (National Anthem of Honduras)"
      },
      "lyrics/music": {
        "text": "Augusto Constancio COELLO/Carlos HARTLING"
      },
      "note": "<strong>note:</strong> adopted 1915; the anthem's seven verses chronicle Honduran history; on official occasions, only the chorus and last verse are sung"
    },
    "National heritage": {
      "total World Heritage Sites": {
        "text": "2 (1 cultural, 1 natural)"
      },
      "selected World Heritage Site locales": {
        "text": "Maya Site of Copan (c); Río Plátano Biosphere Reserve (n)"
      }
    }
  },
  "Economy": {
    "Economic overview": {
      "text": "second-fastest-growing Central American economy; COVID-19 and two hurricanes crippled activity; high poverty and inequality; declining-but-still-high violent crime disruption; systemic corruption; coffee and banana exporter; enormous remittances"
    },
    "Real GDP (purchasing power parity)": {
      "Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023": {
        "text": "$68.854 billion (2023 est.)"
      },
      "Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022": {
        "text": "$66.473 billion (2022 est.)"
      },
      "Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2021": {
        "text": "$63.828 billion (2021 est.)"
      },
      "note": "<b>note:</b> data in 2021 dollars"
    },
    "Real GDP growth rate": {
      "Real GDP growth rate 2023": {
        "text": "3.58% (2023 est.)"
      },
      "Real GDP growth rate 2022": {
        "text": "4.14% (2022 est.)"
      },
      "Real GDP growth rate 2021": {
        "text": "12.57% (2021 est.)"
      },
      "note": "<b>note:</b> annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency"
    },
    "Real GDP per capita": {
      "Real GDP per capita 2023": {
        "text": "$6,500 (2023 est.)"
      },
      "Real GDP per capita 2022": {
        "text": "$6,400 (2022 est.)"
      },
      "Real GDP per capita 2021": {
        "text": "$6,200 (2021 est.)"
      },
      "note": "<b>note:</b> data in 2021 dollars"
    },
    "GDP (official exchange rate)": {
      "text": "$34.401 billion (2023 est.)",
      "note": "<b>note:</b> data in current dollars at official exchange rate"
    },
    "Inflation rate (consumer prices)": {
      "Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023": {
        "text": "6.66% (2023 est.)"
      },
      "Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022": {
        "text": "9.09% (2022 est.)"
      },
      "Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2021": {
        "text": "4.48% (2021 est.)"
      },
      "note": "<b>note:</b> annual % change based on consumer prices"
    },
    "Credit ratings": {
      "Moody's rating": {
        "text": "B1 (2017)"
      },
      "Standard & Poors rating": {
        "text": "BB- (2017)"
      },
      "note": "<strong>note: </strong>The year refers to the year in which the current credit rating was first obtained."
    },
    "GDP - composition, by sector of origin": {
      "agriculture": {
        "text": "12% (2023 est.)"
      },
      "industry": {
        "text": "26% (2023 est.)"
      },
      "services": {
        "text": "57.4% (2023 est.)"
      },
      "note": "<b>note:</b> figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data"
    },
    "GDP - composition, by end use": {
      "household consumption": {
        "text": "86.4% (2023 est.)"
      },
      "government consumption": {
        "text": "14.4% (2023 est.)"
      },
      "investment in fixed capital": {
        "text": "24.2% (2023 est.)"
      },
      "investment in inventories": {
        "text": "-1.1% (2023 est.)"
      },
      "exports of goods and services": {
        "text": "37% (2023 est.)"
      },
      "imports of goods and services": {
        "text": "-60.9% (2023 est.)"
      },
      "note": "<b>note:</b> figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection"
    },
    "Agricultural products": {
      "text": "sugarcane, oil palm fruit, milk, maize, bananas, coffee, cantaloupes/melons, chicken, oranges, beans (2022)",
      "note": "<b>note:</b> top ten agricultural products based on tonnage"
    },
    "Industries": {
      "text": "sugar processing, coffee, woven and knit apparel, wood products, cigars"
    },
    "Industrial production growth rate": {
      "text": "-2.04% (2023 est.)",
      "note": "<b>note:</b> annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency"
    },
    "Labor force": {
      "text": "4.61 million (2023 est.)",
      "note": "<b>note:</b> number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work"
    },
    "Unemployment rate": {
      "Unemployment rate 2023": {
        "text": "6.06% (2023 est.)"
      },
      "Unemployment rate 2022": {
        "text": "7.04% (2022 est.)"
      },
      "Unemployment rate 2021": {
        "text": "7.94% (2021 est.)"
      },
      "note": "<b>note:</b> % of labor force seeking employment"
    },
    "Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)": {
      "total": {
        "text": "11% (2023 est.)"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "7.5% (2023 est.)"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "17% (2023 est.)"
      },
      "note": "<b>note:</b> % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment"
    },
    "Population below poverty line": {
      "text": "64.1% (2023 est.)",
      "note": "<b>note:</b> % of population with income below national poverty line"
    },
    "Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income": {
      "Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2019": {
        "text": "48.2 (2019 est.)"
      },
      "note": "<b>note:</b> index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality"
    },
    "Average household expenditures": {
      "on food": {
        "text": "31.5% of household expenditures (2023 est.)"
      },
      "on alcohol and tobacco": {
        "text": "4.9% of household expenditures (2023 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Household income or consumption by percentage share": {
      "lowest 10%": {
        "text": "1.2% (2019 est.)"
      },
      "highest 10%": {
        "text": "34.6% (2019 est.)"
      },
      "note": "<b>note:</b> % share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population"
    },
    "Remittances": {
      "Remittances 2023": {
        "text": "26.07% of GDP (2023 est.)"
      },
      "Remittances 2022": {
        "text": "27% of GDP (2022 est.)"
      },
      "Remittances 2021": {
        "text": "25.59% of GDP (2021 est.)"
      },
      "note": "<b>note:</b> personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities"
    },
    "Budget": {
      "revenues": {
        "text": "$5.333 billion (2020 est.)"
      },
      "expenditures": {
        "text": "$5.696 billion (2020 est.)"
      },
      "note": "<b>note:</b> central government revenues (excluding grants) and expenses converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated"
    },
    "Public debt": {
      "Public debt 2017": {
        "text": "39.5% of GDP (2017 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Taxes and other revenues": {
      "text": "15.07% (of GDP) (2020 est.)",
      "note": "<b>note:</b> central government tax revenue as a % of GDP"
    },
    "Current account balance": {
      "Current account balance 2023": {
        "text": "-$1.333 billion (2023 est.)"
      },
      "Current account balance 2022": {
        "text": "-$2.105 billion (2022 est.)"
      },
      "Current account balance 2021": {
        "text": "-$1.538 billion (2021 est.)"
      },
      "note": "<b>note:</b> balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars"
    },
    "Exports": {
      "Exports 2023": {
        "text": "$9.701 billion (2023 est.)"
      },
      "Exports 2022": {
        "text": "$9.403 billion (2022 est.)"
      },
      "Exports 2021": {
        "text": "$8.052 billion (2021 est.)"
      },
      "note": "<b>note:</b> balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars"
    },
    "Exports - partners": {
      "text": "US 51%, Nicaragua 8%, El Salvador 8%, Guatemala 5%, Germany 4% (2022)",
      "note": "<b>note:</b> top five export partners based on percentage share of exports"
    },
    "Exports - commodities": {
      "text": "garments, coffee, insulated wire, palm oil, bananas (2022)",
      "note": "<b>note:</b> top five export commodities based on value in dollars"
    },
    "Imports": {
      "Imports 2023": {
        "text": "$17.789 billion (2023 est.)"
      },
      "Imports 2022": {
        "text": "$17.943 billion (2022 est.)"
      },
      "Imports 2021": {
        "text": "$14.869 billion (2021 est.)"
      },
      "note": "<b>note:</b> balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars"
    },
    "Imports - partners": {
      "text": "US 47%, Guatemala 10%, China 10%, El Salvador 7%, Mexico 4% (2022)",
      "note": "<b>note:</b> top five import partners based on percentage share of imports"
    },
    "Imports - commodities": {
      "text": "refined petroleum, cotton yarn, garments, synthetic fibers, plastic products (2022)",
      "note": "<b>note:</b> top five import commodities based on value in dollars"
    },
    "Reserves of foreign exchange and gold": {
      "Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023": {
        "text": "$7.543 billion (2023 est.)"
      },
      "Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022": {
        "text": "$8.41 billion (2022 est.)"
      },
      "Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2021": {
        "text": "$8.667 billion (2021 est.)"
      },
      "note": "<b>note:</b> holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars"
    },
    "Debt - external": {
      "Debt - external 2023": {
        "text": "$8.342 billion (2023 est.)"
      },
      "note": "<b>note:</b> present value of external debt in current US dollars"
    },
    "Exchange rates": {
      "Currency": {
        "text": "lempiras (HNL) per US dollar -"
      },
      "Exchange rates 2023": {
        "text": "24.602 (2023 est.)"
      },
      "Exchange rates 2022": {
        "text": "24.486 (2022 est.)"
      },
      "Exchange rates 2021": {
        "text": "24.017 (2021 est.)"
      },
      "Exchange rates 2020": {
        "text": "24.582 (2020 est.)"
      },
      "Exchange rates 2019": {
        "text": "24.509 (2019 est.)"
      }
    }
  },
  "Energy": {
    "Electricity access": {
      "electrification - total population": {
        "text": "94.4% (2022 est.)"
      },
      "electrification - urban areas": {
        "text": "100%"
      },
      "electrification - rural areas": {
        "text": "86.8%"
      }
    },
    "Electricity": {
      "installed generating capacity": {
        "text": "3.195 million kW (2022 est.)"
      },
      "consumption": {
        "text": "8.789 billion kWh (2022 est.)"
      },
      "exports": {
        "text": "3 million kWh (2022 est.)"
      },
      "imports": {
        "text": "212.156 million kWh (2022 est.)"
      },
      "transmission/distribution losses": {
        "text": "3.424 billion kWh (2022 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Electricity generation sources": {
      "fossil fuels": {
        "text": "36.9% of total installed capacity (2022 est.)"
      },
      "solar": {
        "text": "9.9% of total installed capacity (2022 est.)"
      },
      "wind": {
        "text": "6.5% of total installed capacity (2022 est.)"
      },
      "hydroelectricity": {
        "text": "33.3% of total installed capacity (2022 est.)"
      },
      "geothermal": {
        "text": "3% of total installed capacity (2022 est.)"
      },
      "biomass and waste": {
        "text": "10.4% of total installed capacity (2022 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Coal": {
      "consumption": {
        "text": "190,000 metric tons (2022 est.)"
      },
      "imports": {
        "text": "190,000 metric tons (2022 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Petroleum": {
      "total petroleum production": {
        "text": "20 bbl/day (2023 est.)"
      },
      "refined petroleum consumption": {
        "text": "67,000 bbl/day (2022 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Carbon dioxide emissions": {
      "total emissions": {
        "text": "9.428 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2022 est.)"
      },
      "from coal and metallurgical coke": {
        "text": "429,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2022 est.)"
      },
      "from petroleum and other liquids": {
        "text": "8.999 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2022 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Energy consumption per capita": {
      "Total energy consumption per capita 2022": {
        "text": "16.386 million Btu/person (2022 est.)"
      }
    }
  },
  "Communications": {
    "Telephones - fixed lines": {
      "total subscriptions": {
        "text": "444,000 (2023 est.)"
      },
      "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
        "text": "4 (2023 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Telephones - mobile cellular": {
      "total subscriptions": {
        "text": "7.92 million (2023 est.)"
      },
      "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
        "text": "76 (2022 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Telecommunication systems": {
      "general assessment": {
        "text": "<p style=\"background: white; margin: 0in 0in 6.4pt 0in;\">Honduras is among the poorest countries in Central America and has long been plagued by an unstable political framework which has rendered telecom sector reform difficult; this has created real difficulties for telcos as well as consumers; fixed-line teledensity, at only 4.9%, is significantly lower than the Latin American and Caribbean average; poor fixed-line infrastructure has been exacerbated by low investment and topographical difficulties which have made investment in rural areas unattractive or uneconomical; the internet has been slow to develop; DSL and cable modem technologies are available but are relatively expensive, while higher speed services are largely restricted to the major urban centers; the demand for broadband is steadily increasing and there has been some investment in network upgrades to fiber-based infrastructure</p> <p style=\"background: white; margin: 0in 0in 6.4pt 0in;\"> </p> (2022)"
      },
      "domestic": {
        "text": "fixed-line teledensity of 5 per 100; mobile-cellular subscribership is roughly 74 per 100 persons (2021)"
      },
      "international": {
        "text": "country code - 504; landing points for both the ARCOS and the MAYA-1 fiber-optic submarine cable systems that together provide connectivity to South and Central America, parts of the Caribbean, and the US; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); connected to Central American Microwave System (2019)"
      }
    },
    "Broadcast media": {
      "text": "multiple privately owned terrestrial TV networks, supplemented by multiple cable TV networks; Radio Honduras is the lone government-owned radio network; roughly 300 privately owned radio stations (2019)"
    },
    "Internet country code": {
      "text": ".hn"
    },
    "Internet users": {
      "percent of population": {
        "text": "60% (2022 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
      "total": {
        "text": "476,000 (2023 est.)"
      },
      "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
        "text": "4 (2023 est.)"
      }
    }
  },
  "Transportation": {
    "National air transport system": {
      "number of registered air carriers": {
        "text": "4 (2020)"
      },
      "inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers": {
        "text": "26"
      },
      "annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers": {
        "text": "251,149 (2018)"
      },
      "annual freight traffic on registered air carriers": {
        "text": "450,000 (2018) mt-km"
      }
    },
    "Civil aircraft registration country code prefix": {
      "text": "HR"
    },
    "Airports": {
      "text": "129 (2024)"
    },
    "Heliports": {
      "text": "6 (2024)"
    },
    "Railways": {
      "total": {
        "text": "699 km (2014)"
      },
      "narrow gauge": {
        "text": "164 km (2014) 1.067-m gauge"
      },
      "note": "115 km 1.057-mm gauge<br>420 km 0.914-mm gauge"
    },
    "Roadways": {
      "total": {
        "text": "14,742 km"
      },
      "paved": {
        "text": "3,367 km"
      },
      "unpaved": {
        "text": "11,375 km (2012) (1,543 km summer only)"
      },
      "note": "<strong>note:</strong> an additional 8,951 km of non-official roads used by the coffee industry"
    },
    "Waterways": {
      "text": "465 km (2012) (most navigable only by small craft)"
    },
    "Merchant marine": {
      "total": {
        "text": "489 (2023)"
      },
      "by type": {
        "text": "general cargo 233, oil tanker 82, other 174"
      }
    },
    "Ports": {
      "total ports": {
        "text": "8 (2024)"
      },
      "large": {
        "text": "0"
      },
      "medium": {
        "text": "0"
      },
      "small": {
        "text": "1"
      },
      "very small": {
        "text": "7"
      },
      "ports with oil terminals": {
        "text": "3"
      },
      "key ports": {
        "text": "Coxen Hole, La Ceiba, Puerto Castilla, Puerto Cortes, Puerto de Hencan, Puerto Este, Tela, Trujillo"
      }
    }
  },
  "Military and Security": {
    "Military and security forces": {
      "text": "Honduran Armed Forces (Fuerzas Armadas de Honduras, FFAA): Army (Ejercito), Honduran Naval Forces (Fuerzas Naval Hondurena, FNH; includes marines), Honduran Air Force (Fuerza Aerea Hondurena, FAH), Honduran Military Police of Public Order (Policía Militar del Orden Público or PMOP) (2024)",
      "note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> the National Police of Honduras (Policía Nacional de Honduras, PNH) are under the Secretariat of Security and responsible for internal security; some larger cities have police forces that operate independently of the national police and report to municipal authorities <br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> the PMOP supports the PNH against narcotics trafficking and organized crime; it is subordinate to the Secretariat of Defense/FFAA, but conducts operations sanctioned by civilian security officials as well as by military leaders <br><br><strong>note 3:</strong> the National Interinstitutional Security Force is an interagency command that coordinates the overlapping responsibilities of the HNP, PMOP, and other security organizations such as the National Intelligence Directorate and the Public Ministry (public prosecutor), but exercises coordination, command, and control responsibilities only during interagency operations involving those forces"
    },
    "Military expenditures": {
      "Military Expenditures 2023": {
        "text": "1.5% of GDP (2023 est.)"
      },
      "Military Expenditures 2022": {
        "text": "1.4% of GDP (2022 est.)"
      },
      "Military Expenditures 2021": {
        "text": "1.5% of GDP (2021 est.)"
      },
      "Military Expenditures 2020": {
        "text": "1.6% of GDP (2020 est.)"
      },
      "Military Expenditures 2019": {
        "text": "1.6% of GDP (2019 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Military and security service personnel strengths": {
      "text": "approximately 16,000 active personnel (7,500 Army; 1,500 Navy, including about 1,000 marines; 2,000 Air Force; 5,000 Military Police of Public Order); approximately 18,000 National Police (2023)"
    },
    "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
      "text": "the FFAA's inventory is comprised of a mix of older or secondhand and limited amounts of more equipment from a wide mix of suppliers, including Colombia, Germany, Israel, the Netherlands, South Korea, the UK, and the US (2024)"
    },
    "Military service age and obligation": {
      "text": "18-22 years of age for voluntary military service for men and women; 24-36 month service obligation; no conscription (2024)",
      "note": "<strong>note: </strong>as of 2023, women made up about 9% of the active duty military"
    },
    "Military - note": {
      "text": "the Honduran Armed Forces (FFAA) are responsible for maintaining the country’s territory, defending its sovereignty, providing emergency/humanitarian assistance, and supporting the National Police (PNH); the FFAA’s primary focus is internal and border security, and since 2011 a considerable portion of it has been deployed to support the PNH in combating narcotics trafficking and organized crime; military support to domestic security included the creation of the Military Police of Public Order (PMOP) in 2013 to provide security in areas controlled by street gangs to combat crime and make arrests; the PMOP also has sent personnel to reinforce security operations along the country’s border as part of a tri-national security task force with El Salvador and Guatemala<br><br>the FFAA has received military equipment, training, humanitarian, and technical assistance from the US military; the US military maintains a joint service task force co-located with the FFAA at Soto Cano Air Base (2024)"
    }
  },
  "Transnational Issues": {
    "Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
      "IDPs": {
        "text": "247,000 (violence, extortion, threats, forced recruitment by urban gangs between 2004 and 2018) (2023)"
      }
    },
    "Illicit drugs": {
      "text": "<br><br> <p>transshipment point for cocaine destined for the United States and precursor chemicals used to produce illicit drugs; some small-scale coca cultivation</p> <p> </p>"
    }
  }
}