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879 lines
No EOL
32 KiB
JSON
879 lines
No EOL
32 KiB
JSON
{
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"Introduction": {
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"Background": {
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"text": "First colonized by the Spanish, the islands came under British control in the early 19th century. The islands' sugar industry was hurt by the emancipation of the slaves in 1834. Manpower was replaced with the importation of contract laborers from India between 1845 and 1917, which boosted sugar production as well as the cocoa industry. The discovery of oil on Trinidad in 1910 added another important export. Independence was attained in 1962. The country is one of the most prosperous in the Caribbean thanks largely to petroleum and natural gas production and processing. Tourism, mostly in Tobago, is targeted for expansion and is growing. The government is coping with a rise in violent crime."
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}
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},
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"Geography": {
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"Location": {
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"text": "Caribbean, islands between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, northeast of Venezuela"
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},
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"Geographic coordinates": {
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"text": "11 00 N, 61 00 W"
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},
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"Map references": {
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"text": "Central America and the Caribbean"
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},
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"Area": {
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"total": {
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"text": "5,128 sq km"
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},
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"land": {
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"text": "5,128 sq km"
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},
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"water": {
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"text": "0 sq km"
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}
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},
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"Area - comparative": {
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"text": "slightly smaller than Delaware"
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},
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"Land boundaries": {
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"text": "0 km"
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},
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"Coastline": {
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"text": "362 km"
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},
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"Maritime claims": {
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"text": "measured from claimed archipelagic baselines",
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"territorial sea": {
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"text": "12 nm"
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},
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"contiguous zone": {
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"text": "24 nm"
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},
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"exclusive economic zone": {
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"text": "200 nm"
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},
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"continental shelf": {
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"text": "200 nm or to the outer edge of the continental margin"
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}
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},
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"Climate": {
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"text": "tropical; rainy season (June to December)"
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},
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"Terrain": {
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"text": "mostly plains with some hills and low mountains"
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},
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"Elevation extremes": {
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"lowest point": {
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"text": "Caribbean Sea 0 m"
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},
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"highest point": {
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"text": "El Cerro del Aripo 940 m"
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}
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},
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"Natural resources": {
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"text": "petroleum, natural gas, asphalt"
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},
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"Land use": {
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"agricultural land": {
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"text": "10.6% ++ arable land 4.9%; permanent crops 4.3%; permanent pasture 1.4%"
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},
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"forest": {
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"text": "44%"
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},
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"other": {
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"text": "45.4% (2011 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Irrigated land": {
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"text": "36 sq km (2003)"
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},
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"Total renewable water resources": {
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"text": "3.84 cu km (2011)"
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},
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"Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural)": {
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"total": {
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"text": "0.23 cu km/yr (67%/25%/8%)"
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},
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"per capita": {
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"text": "177.9 cu m/yr (2005)"
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}
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},
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"Natural hazards": {
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"text": "outside usual path of hurricanes and other tropical storms"
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},
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"Environment - current issues": {
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"text": "water pollution from agricultural chemicals, industrial wastes, and raw sewage; oil pollution of beaches; deforestation; soil erosion"
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},
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"Environment - international agreements": {
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"party to": {
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"text": "Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands"
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},
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"signed, but not ratified": {
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"text": "none of the selected agreements"
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}
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},
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"Geography - note": {
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"text": "Pitch Lake, on Trinidad's southwestern coast, is the world's largest natural reservoir of asphalt"
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}
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},
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"People and Society": {
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"Nationality": {
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"noun": {
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"text": "Trinidadian(s), Tobagonian(s)"
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},
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"adjective": {
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"text": "Trinidadian, Tobagonian"
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}
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},
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"Ethnic groups": {
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"text": "East Indian 35.4%, African 34.2%, mixed - other 15.3%, mixed African/East Indian 7.7%, other 1.3%, unspecified 6.2% (2011 est.)"
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},
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"Languages": {
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"text": "English (official), Caribbean Hindustani (a dialect of Hindi), French, Spanish, Chinese"
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},
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"Religions": {
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"text": "Protestant 32.1% (Pentecostal/Evangelical/Full Gospel 12%, Baptist 6.9%, Anglican 5.7%, Seventh-Day Adventist 4.1%, Presbyterian/Congretational 2.5, other Protestant .9), Roman Catholic 21.6%, Hindu 18.2%, Muslim 5%, Jehovah's Witness 1.5%, other 8.4%, none 2.2%, unspecified 11.1% (2011 est.)"
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},
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"Population": {
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"text": "1,222,363 (July 2015 est.)"
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},
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"Age structure": {
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"0-14 years": {
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"text": "19.41% (male 120,876/female 116,336)"
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},
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"15-24 years": {
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"text": "12.59% (male 79,949/female 73,888)"
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},
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"25-54 years": {
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"text": "46.59% (male 295,970/female 273,481)"
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},
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"55-64 years": {
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"text": "11.59% (male 70,466/female 71,196)"
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},
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"65 years and over": {
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"text": "9.83% (male 52,199/female 68,002) (2015 est.)"
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},
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"population pyramid": {
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"text": null
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}
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},
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"Dependency ratios": {
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"total dependency ratio": {
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"text": "43.2%"
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},
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"youth dependency ratio": {
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"text": "29.8%"
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},
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"elderly dependency ratio": {
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"text": "13.5%"
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},
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"potential support ratio": {
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"text": "7.4% (2015 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Median age": {
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"total": {
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"text": "35 years"
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},
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"male": {
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"text": "34.5 years"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "35.5 years (2015 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Population growth rate": {
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"text": "-0.13% (2015 est.)"
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},
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"Birth rate": {
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"text": "13.46 births/1,000 population (2015 est.)"
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},
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"Death rate": {
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"text": "8.56 deaths/1,000 population (2015 est.)"
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},
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"Net migration rate": {
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"text": "-6.25 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2015 est.)"
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},
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"Urbanization": {
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"urban population": {
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"text": "8.4% of total population (2015)"
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},
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"rate of urbanization": {
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"text": "-1.2% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Major urban areas - population": {
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"text": "PORT-OF-SPAIN (capital) 34,000 (2014)"
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},
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"Sex ratio": {
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"at birth": {
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"text": "1.03 male(s)/female"
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},
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"0-14 years": {
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"text": "1.04 male(s)/female"
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},
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"15-24 years": {
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"text": "1.08 male(s)/female"
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},
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"25-54 years": {
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"text": "1.08 male(s)/female"
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},
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"55-64 years": {
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"text": "0.99 male(s)/female"
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},
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"65 years and over": {
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"text": "0.77 male(s)/female"
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},
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"total population": {
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"text": "1.03 male(s)/female (2015 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Infant mortality rate": {
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"total": {
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"text": "23.9 deaths/1,000 live births"
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},
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"male": {
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"text": "25.11 deaths/1,000 live births"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "22.66 deaths/1,000 live births (2015 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Life expectancy at birth": {
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"total population": {
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"text": "72.59 years"
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},
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"male": {
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"text": "69.69 years"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "75.56 years (2015 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Total fertility rate": {
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"text": "1.71 children born/woman (2015 est.)"
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},
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"Contraceptive prevalence rate": {
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"text": "42.5% (2006)"
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},
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"Health expenditures": {
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"text": "5.5% of GDP (2013)"
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},
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"Physicians density": {
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"text": "1.18 physicians/1,000 population (2007)"
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},
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"Hospital bed density": {
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"text": "2.7 beds/1,000 population (2012)"
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},
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"Drinking water source": {
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"improved": {
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"text": " ++ urban: 95.1% of population ++ rural: 95.1% of population ++ total: 95.1% of population"
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},
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"unimproved": {
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"text": " ++ urban: 4.9% of population ++ rural: 4.9% of population ++ total: 4.9% of population (2015 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Sanitation facility access": {
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"improved": {
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"text": " ++ urban: 91.5% of population ++ rural: 91.5% of population ++ total: 91.5% of population"
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},
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"unimproved": {
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"text": " ++ urban: 8.5% of population ++ rural: 8.5% of population ++ total: 8.5% of population (2015 est.)"
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}
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},
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"HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate": {
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"text": "1.65% (2013 est.)"
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},
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"HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS": {
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"text": "14,000 (2013 est.)"
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},
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"HIV/AIDS - deaths": {
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"text": "700 (2013 est.)"
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},
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"Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
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"text": "32.3% (2014)"
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},
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"Literacy": {
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"definition": {
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"text": "age 15 and over can read and write"
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},
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"total population": {
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"text": "99%"
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},
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"male": {
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"text": "99.2%"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "98.7% (2015 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Child labor - children ages 5-14": {
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"total number": {
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"text": "1,201"
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},
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"percentage": {
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"text": "1% (2006 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": {
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"total": {
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"text": "10.5%"
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},
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"male": {
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"text": "8.8%"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "12.9% (2008 est.)"
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}
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}
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},
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"Government": {
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"Country name": {
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"conventional long form": {
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"text": "Republic of Trinidad and Tobago"
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},
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"conventional short form": {
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"text": "Trinidad and Tobago"
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}
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},
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"Government type": {
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"text": "parliamentary democracy"
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},
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"Capital": {
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"name": {
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"text": "Port of Spain"
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},
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"geographic coordinates": {
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"text": "10 39 N, 61 31 W"
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},
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"time difference": {
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"text": "UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
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}
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},
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"Administrative divisions": {
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"text": "9 regions, 3 boroughs, 2 cities, 1 ward",
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"regions": {
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"text": "Couva/Tabaquite/Talparo, Diego Martin, Mayaro/Rio Claro, Penal/Debe, Princes Town, Sangre Grande, San Juan/Laventille, Siparia, Tunapuna/Piarco"
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},
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"borough": {
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"text": "Arima, Chaguanas, Point Fortin"
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},
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"cities": {
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"text": "Port of Spain, San Fernando"
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},
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"ward": {
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"text": "Tobago"
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}
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},
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"Independence": {
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"text": "31 August 1962 (from the UK)"
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},
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"National holiday": {
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"text": "Independence Day, 31 August (1962)"
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},
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"Constitution": {
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"text": "previous 1962; latest 1976; amended many times, last in 2007 (2012)"
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},
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"Legal system": {
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"text": "English common law; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court"
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},
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"International law organization participation": {
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"text": "has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction"
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},
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"Suffrage": {
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"text": "18 years of age; universal"
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},
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"Executive branch": {
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"chief of state": {
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"text": "President Anthony CARMONA (since 18 March 2013)"
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},
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"head of government": {
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"text": "Prime Minister Keith ROWLEY (since 9 September 2015)"
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},
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"cabinet": {
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"text": "Cabinet appointed from among members of Parliament"
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},
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"elections/appointments": {
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"text": "president indirectly elected by an electoral college of selected Senate and House of Representatives members for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 15 February 2013 (next to be held by February 2018); the president usually appoints the leader of the majority party in the House of Representatives as prime minister"
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},
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"election results": {
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"text": "Anthony CARMONA (independent) elected president; electoral college vote - 100%"
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}
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},
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"Legislative branch": {
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"description": {
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"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (31 seats; 16 members appointed by the ruling party, 9 by the president, and 6 by the opposition party; members serve 5-year terms;) and the House of Representatives (41 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 5-year terms)"
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},
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"note": {
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"text": "Tobago has a unicameral House of Assembly (16 seats; 12 assemblymen directly elected by simple majority vote and 4 appointed councillors - 3 on the advice of the chief secretary and 1 on the advice of the minority leader; members serve 4-year terms)"
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},
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"elections": {
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"text": "House of Representatives - last held on 7 September 2015 (next to be held in 2020)"
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},
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"election results": {
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"text": "House of Representatives - percent of vote - NA; seats by party - PNM 23, UNC 18"
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}
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},
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"Judicial branch": {
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"highest resident court(s)": {
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"text": "Supreme Court of the Judicature (consists of a chief justice for both the Court of Appeal with 12 judges and the High Court with 24 judges); note - Trinidad and Tobago can file appeals beyond its Supreme Court to the Caribbean Court of Justice, with final appeal to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (in London)"
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},
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"judge selection and term of office": {
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"text": "Supreme Court chief justice appointed by the president after consultation with the prime minister and the parliamentary leader of the opposition; other judges appointed by the Judicial Legal Services Commission, headed by the chief justice and 5 members with judicial experience; all judges appointed for life with mandatory retirement normally at age 65"
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},
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"subordinate courts": {
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"text": "Courts of Summary Criminal Jurisdiction; Petty Civil Courts; Family Court"
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}
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},
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"Political parties and leaders": {
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"text": "Congress of the People or COP [Prakash RAMADHAR] ++ Democratic Action Congress or DAC [Hochoy CHARLES] (only active in Tobago) ++ Democratic National Alliance or DNA [Charles CARSON] (coalition of NAR, DDPT, MND) ++ Movement for National Development or MND [Garvin NICHOLAS] ++ National Alliance for Reconstruction or NAR [Lennox SANKERSINGH] ++ People's National Movement or PNM [Keith ROWLEY] ++ Tobago Organization of the People or TOP [Ashworth JACK] ++ United National Congress or UNC [Kamla PERSAD-BISSESSAR]"
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},
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"Political pressure groups and leaders": {
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"text": "Jamaat-al Muslimeen [Yasin ABU BAKR]"
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},
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"International organization participation": {
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"text": "ACP, AOSIS, C, Caricom, CDB, CELAC, EITI (compliant country), FAO, G-24, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAES, MIGA, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, Pacific Alliance (observer), Paris Club (associate), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
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},
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"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
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"chief of mission": {
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"text": "Ambassador Neil N. PARSAN (since 14 February 2011)"
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},
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"chancery": {
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"text": "1708 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036"
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},
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"telephone": {
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"text": "[1] (202) 467-6490"
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},
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"FAX": {
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"text": "[1] (202) 785-3130"
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},
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"consulate(s) general": {
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"text": "Miami, New York"
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}
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},
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"Diplomatic representation from the US": {
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"chief of mission": {
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"text": "Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Margaret B. DIOP (since October 2012)"
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},
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"embassy": {
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"text": "15 Queen's Park West, Port of Spain"
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},
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"mailing address": {
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"text": "P. O. Box 752, Port of Spain"
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},
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"telephone": {
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"text": "[1] (868) 622-6371 through 6376"
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},
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"FAX": {
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"text": "[1] (868) 822-5905"
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}
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},
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"Flag description": {
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"text": "red with a white-edged black diagonal band from the upper hoist side to the lower fly side; the colors represent the elements of earth, water, and fire; black stands for the wealth of the land and the dedication of the people; white symbolizes the sea surrounding the islands, the purity of the country's aspirations, and equality; red symbolizes the warmth and energy of the sun, the vitality of the land, and the courage and friendliness of its people"
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},
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"National symbol(s)": {
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"text": "scarlet ibis (bird of Trinidad), cocrico (bird of Tobago), Chaconia flower; national colors: red, white, black"
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},
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"National anthem": {
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"name": {
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"text": "\"Forged From the Love of Liberty\""
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},
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"lyrics/music": {
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"text": "Patrick Stanislaus CASTAGNE"
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},
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"note": {
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"text": "adopted 1962; song originally created to serve as an anthem for the West Indies Federation; adopted by Trinidad and Tobago following the Federation's dissolution in 1962"
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}
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}
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|
},
|
|
"Economy": {
|
|
"Economy - overview": {
|
|
"text": "Trinidad and Tobago attracts considerable foreign direct investment, particularly in energy, and has one of the highest per capita incomes in Latin America and the Caribbean. Trinidad and Tobago is the leading Caribbean producer of oil and gas, and its economy is heavily dependent upon these resources. It also supplies manufactured goods, notably food products and beverages, as well as cement to the Caribbean region. Oil and gas account for about 40% of GDP and 80% of exports but only 5% of employment. ++ ++ Growth has been fueled by investments in liquefied natural gas, petrochemicals, and steel with additional upstream and downstream investment planned. Oil production has declined over the last decade as the country focused the majority of its efforts on natural gas. Economic growth between 2000 and 2007 averaged slightly over 8% per year, significantly above the regional average of about 3.7% for that same period; however, GDP slowed down since then and contracted during 2009-12 due to depressed natural gas prices and changing markets. The current administration has been working to arrest this decline by opening bid rounds and providing fiscal incentives for investments in on-shore and deep water acreage to boost oil reserves and production. The government keeps a close watch on the changing global gas markets and has shown flexibility in diversifying natural gas export destinations. The economy benefits from a growing trade surplus with the US. The US is Trinidad and Tobago's leading trade partner. ++ ++ Although Trinidad and Tobago enjoys cheap electricity from natural gas, the renewable energy sector has recently garnered increased interest. The country is also a regional financial center with a well-regulated and stable financial system. Other sectors the Government of Trinidad and Tobago has targeted for increased investment and projected growth include tourism, agriculture, information and communications technology, and shipping. ++ ++ The previous MANNING administration benefited from fiscal surpluses fueled by the dynamic export sector; however, declines in oil and gas prices have reduced government revenues, challenging the current government's commitment to maintaining high levels of public investment. Crime and bureaucratic hurdles continue to be the biggest deterrents for attracting more foreign direct investment and business."
|
|
},
|
|
"GDP (purchasing power parity)": {
|
|
"text": "$43.42 billion (2014 est.) ++ $42.95 billion (2013 est.) ++ $42.21 billion (2012 est.)",
|
|
"note": {
|
|
"text": "data are in 2014 US dollars"
|
|
}
|
|
},
|
|
"GDP (official exchange rate)": {
|
|
"text": "$28.79 billion (2014 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"GDP - real growth rate": {
|
|
"text": "1.1% (2014 est.) ++ 1.7% (2013 est.) ++ 1.4% (2012 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"GDP - per capita (PPP)": {
|
|
"text": "$32,100 (2014 est.) ++ $31,800 (2013 est.) ++ $31,200 (2012 est.)",
|
|
"note": {
|
|
"text": "data are in 2014 US dollars"
|
|
}
|
|
},
|
|
"Gross national saving": {
|
|
"text": "22.1% of GDP (2014 est.) ++ 20.5% of GDP (2013 est.) ++ 17.2% of GDP (2012 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"GDP - composition, by end use": {
|
|
"household consumption": {
|
|
"text": "40.6%"
|
|
},
|
|
"government consumption": {
|
|
"text": "12.1%"
|
|
},
|
|
"investment in fixed capital": {
|
|
"text": "9.4%"
|
|
},
|
|
"investment in inventories": {
|
|
"text": "0.5%"
|
|
},
|
|
"exports of goods and services": {
|
|
"text": "66.9%"
|
|
},
|
|
"imports of goods and services": {
|
|
"text": "-29.6% ++ (2014 est.)"
|
|
}
|
|
},
|
|
"GDP - composition, by sector of origin": {
|
|
"agriculture": {
|
|
"text": "0.5%"
|
|
},
|
|
"industry": {
|
|
"text": "15.2%"
|
|
},
|
|
"services": {
|
|
"text": "84.3% (2014 est.)"
|
|
}
|
|
},
|
|
"Agriculture - products": {
|
|
"text": "cocoa, rice, citrus, coffee; sugar; vegetables; poultry"
|
|
},
|
|
"Industries": {
|
|
"text": "petroleum and petroleum products, liquefied natural gas (LNG), methanol, ammonia, urea, steel products, beverages, food processing, cement, cotton textiles"
|
|
},
|
|
"Industrial production growth rate": {
|
|
"text": "1.3% (2014 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Labor force": {
|
|
"text": "623,500 (2014 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Labor force - by occupation": {
|
|
"agriculture": {
|
|
"text": "3.8%"
|
|
},
|
|
"manufacturing, mining, and quarrying": {
|
|
"text": "12.8%"
|
|
},
|
|
"construction and utilities": {
|
|
"text": "20.4%"
|
|
},
|
|
"services": {
|
|
"text": "62.9% (2007 est.)"
|
|
}
|
|
},
|
|
"Unemployment rate": {
|
|
"text": "4% (2014 est.) ++ 5.2% (2013 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Population below poverty line": {
|
|
"text": "17% (2007 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Household income or consumption by percentage share": {
|
|
"lowest 10%": {
|
|
"text": "NA%"
|
|
},
|
|
"highest 10%": {
|
|
"text": "NA%"
|
|
}
|
|
},
|
|
"Budget": {
|
|
"revenues": {
|
|
"text": "$8.669 billion"
|
|
},
|
|
"expenditures": {
|
|
"text": "$9.451 billion (2014 est.)"
|
|
}
|
|
},
|
|
"Taxes and other revenues": {
|
|
"text": "29.3% of GDP (2014 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)": {
|
|
"text": "-2.6% of GDP (2014 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Public debt": {
|
|
"text": "50.6% of GDP (2014 est.) ++ 52.7% of GDP (2013 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Fiscal year": {
|
|
"text": "1 October - 30 September"
|
|
},
|
|
"Inflation rate (consumer prices)": {
|
|
"text": "7% (2014 est.) ++ 5.2% (2013 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Central bank discount rate": {
|
|
"text": "4.25% (31 December 2010) ++ 7.25% (31 December 2009)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Commercial bank prime lending rate": {
|
|
"text": "7.8% (31 December 2014 est.) ++ 7.5% (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Stock of narrow money": {
|
|
"text": "$7.095 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $6.205 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Stock of broad money": {
|
|
"text": "$17.4 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $15.26 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Stock of domestic credit": {
|
|
"text": "$8.894 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $8.214 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Market value of publicly traded shares": {
|
|
"text": "$15.17 billion (31 December 2012 est.) ++ $14.73 billion (31 December 2011) ++ $12.16 billion (31 December 2010 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Current account balance": {
|
|
"text": "$2.379 billion (2014 est.) ++ $2.006 billion (2013 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Exports": {
|
|
"text": "$12.61 billion (2014 est.) ++ $12.77 billion (2013 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Exports - commodities": {
|
|
"text": "petroleum and petroleum products, liquefied natural gas, methanol, ammonia, urea, steel products, beverages, cereal and cereal products, sugar, cocoa, coffee, citrus fruit, vegetables, flowers"
|
|
},
|
|
"Exports - partners": {
|
|
"text": "US 29.1%, Argentina 9.3%, Brazil 6.6%, Chile 5.9%, Peru 4.5% (2014)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Imports": {
|
|
"text": "$9.103 billion (2014 est.) ++ $8.871 billion (2013 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Imports - commodities": {
|
|
"text": "mineral fuels, lubricants, machinery, transportation equipment, manufactured goods, food, chemicals, live animals"
|
|
},
|
|
"Imports - partners": {
|
|
"text": "US 34.6%, Brazil 7.7%, Gabon 6.2%, China 6.1%, Russia 5%, Canada 4.1% (2014)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Reserves of foreign exchange and gold": {
|
|
"text": "$10.99 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $10.67 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Debt - external": {
|
|
"text": "$4.924 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $4.676 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Stock of direct foreign investment - at home": {
|
|
"text": "$102 billion (31 December 2008 est.) ++ $12.44 billion (2007)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad": {
|
|
"text": "$3.829 billion (2007)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Exchange rates": {
|
|
"text": "Trinidad and Tobago dollars (TTD) per US dollar - ++ 6.404 (2014 est.) ++ 6.4136 (2013 est.) ++ 6.39 (2012 est.) ++ 6.4094 (2011 est.) ++ 6.3755 (2010 est.)"
|
|
}
|
|
},
|
|
"Energy": {
|
|
"Electricity - production": {
|
|
"text": "8.355 billion kWh (2011 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Electricity - consumption": {
|
|
"text": "7.929 billion kWh (2011 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Electricity - exports": {
|
|
"text": "0 kWh (2013 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Electricity - imports": {
|
|
"text": "0 kWh (2013 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Electricity - installed generating capacity": {
|
|
"text": "2.104 million kW (2011 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Electricity - from fossil fuels": {
|
|
"text": "99.8% of total installed capacity (2011 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Electricity - from nuclear fuels": {
|
|
"text": "0% of total installed capacity (2011 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Electricity - from hydroelectric plants": {
|
|
"text": "0% of total installed capacity (2011 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Electricity - from other renewable sources": {
|
|
"text": "0.2% of total installed capacity (2011 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Crude oil - production": {
|
|
"text": "117,800 bbl/day (2013 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Crude oil - exports": {
|
|
"text": "75,340 bbl/day (2010 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Crude oil - imports": {
|
|
"text": "70,260 bbl/day (2010 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Crude oil - proved reserves": {
|
|
"text": "728.3 million bbl (1 January 2014 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Refined petroleum products - production": {
|
|
"text": "132,300 bbl/day (2010 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Refined petroleum products - consumption": {
|
|
"text": "46,680 bbl/day (2013 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Refined petroleum products - exports": {
|
|
"text": "106,500 bbl/day (2010 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Refined petroleum products - imports": {
|
|
"text": "1,598 bbl/day (2010 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Natural gas - production": {
|
|
"text": "40.43 billion cu m (2012 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Natural gas - consumption": {
|
|
"text": "22.29 billion cu m (2012 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Natural gas - exports": {
|
|
"text": "18.14 billion cu m (2012 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Natural gas - imports": {
|
|
"text": "0 cu m (2012 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Natural gas - proved reserves": {
|
|
"text": "371.2 billion cu m (1 January 2014 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy": {
|
|
"text": "51.27 million Mt (2012 est.)"
|
|
}
|
|
},
|
|
"Communications": {
|
|
"Telephones - fixed lines": {
|
|
"total subscriptions": {
|
|
"text": "290,000"
|
|
},
|
|
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
|
|
"text": "24 (2014 est.)"
|
|
}
|
|
},
|
|
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
|
|
"total": {
|
|
"text": "2 million"
|
|
},
|
|
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
|
|
"text": "162 (2014 est.)"
|
|
}
|
|
},
|
|
"Telephone system": {
|
|
"general assessment": {
|
|
"text": "excellent international service; good local service"
|
|
},
|
|
"domestic": {
|
|
"text": "combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular teledensity roughly 170 telephones per 100 persons"
|
|
},
|
|
"international": {
|
|
"text": "country code - 1-868; submarine cable systems provide connectivity to US and parts of the Caribbean and South America; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); tropospheric scatter to Barbados and Guyana (2011)"
|
|
}
|
|
},
|
|
"Broadcast media": {
|
|
"text": "5 TV networks, one of which is state-owned, broadcast on multiple stations; multiple cable TV subscription service providers; multiple radio networks, one state-owned, broadcast over about 35 stations (2007)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Radio broadcast stations": {
|
|
"text": "AM 2, FM 28, shortwave 0 (2008)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Television broadcast stations": {
|
|
"text": "6 (2005)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Internet country code": {
|
|
"text": ".tt"
|
|
},
|
|
"Internet users": {
|
|
"total": {
|
|
"text": "779,900"
|
|
},
|
|
"percent of population": {
|
|
"text": "63.7% (2014 est.)"
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
},
|
|
"Transportation": {
|
|
"Airports": {
|
|
"text": "4 (2013)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Airports - with paved runways": {
|
|
"total": {
|
|
"text": "2"
|
|
},
|
|
"over 3,047 m": {
|
|
"text": "1"
|
|
},
|
|
"2,438 to 3,047 m": {
|
|
"text": "1 (2013)"
|
|
}
|
|
},
|
|
"Airports - with unpaved runways": {
|
|
"total": {
|
|
"text": "2"
|
|
},
|
|
"914 to 1,523 m": {
|
|
"text": "1"
|
|
},
|
|
"under 914 m": {
|
|
"text": " ++ 1 (2013)"
|
|
}
|
|
},
|
|
"Pipelines": {
|
|
"text": "condensate 257 km; condensate/gas 11 km; gas 1,567 km; oil 587 km (2013)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Roadways": {
|
|
"total": {
|
|
"text": "8,320 km"
|
|
},
|
|
"paved": {
|
|
"text": "4,252 km"
|
|
},
|
|
"unpaved": {
|
|
"text": "4,068 km (2001)"
|
|
}
|
|
},
|
|
"Merchant marine": {
|
|
"total": {
|
|
"text": "4"
|
|
},
|
|
"by type": {
|
|
"text": "passenger 1, passenger/cargo 2, petroleum tanker 1"
|
|
},
|
|
"registered in other countries": {
|
|
"text": "2 (unknown 2) (2010)"
|
|
}
|
|
},
|
|
"Ports and terminals": {
|
|
"major seaport(s)": {
|
|
"text": "Point Fortin, Point Lisas, Port of Spain, Scarborough"
|
|
},
|
|
"oil terminals": {
|
|
"text": "Galeota Point terminal"
|
|
},
|
|
"LNG terminal(s) (export)": {
|
|
"text": "Port Fortin"
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
},
|
|
"Military": {
|
|
"Military branches": {
|
|
"text": "Trinidad and Tobago Defense Force (TTDF): Trinidad and Tobago Army, Coast Guard, Air Guard, Defense Force Reserves (2010)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Military service age and obligation": {
|
|
"text": "18-25 years of age for voluntary military service (16 years of age with parental consent); no conscription; Trinidad and Tobago citizenship and completion of secondary school required (2012)"
|
|
},
|
|
"Manpower available for military service": {
|
|
"males age 16-49": {
|
|
"text": "341,764"
|
|
},
|
|
"females age 16-49": {
|
|
"text": "317,899 (2010 est.)"
|
|
}
|
|
},
|
|
"Manpower fit for military service": {
|
|
"males age 16-49": {
|
|
"text": "269,824"
|
|
},
|
|
"females age 16-49": {
|
|
"text": "261,735 (2010 est.)"
|
|
}
|
|
},
|
|
"Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually": {
|
|
"male": {
|
|
"text": "8,164"
|
|
},
|
|
"female": {
|
|
"text": "7,503 (2010 est.)"
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
},
|
|
"Transnational Issues": {
|
|
"Disputes - international": {
|
|
"text": "Barbados and Trinidad and Tobago abide by the April 2006 Permanent Court of Arbitration decision delimiting a maritime boundary and limiting catches of flying fish in Trinidad and Tobago's exclusive economic zone; in 2005, Barbados and Trinidad and Tobago agreed to compulsory international arbitration under United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea challenging whether the northern limit of Trinidad and Tobago's and Venezuela's maritime boundary extends into Barbadian waters; Guyana has also expressed its intention to include itself in the arbitration as the Trinidad and Tobago-Venezuela maritime boundary may extend into its waters as well"
|
|
},
|
|
"Illicit drugs": {
|
|
"text": "transshipment point for South American drugs destined for the US and Europe; producer of cannabis"
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
} |