factbook.json/australia-oceania/fm.json

{
  "Introduction": {
    "Background": {
      "text": "The Caroline Islands are a widely scattered archipelago in the western Pacific Ocean; they became part of a UN Trust Territory under US administration following World War II. The eastern four island groups adopted a constitution in 1979 and chose to become the Federated States of Micronesia. (The westernmost island group became Palau.) Independence came in 1986 under a Compact of Free Association with the US, which was amended and renewed in 2004. Present concerns include large-scale unemployment, overfishing, overdependence on US foreign aid, and state perception of inequitable allocation of US aid."
    }
  },
  "Geography": {
    "Location": {
      "text": "Oceania, island group in the North Pacific Ocean, about three-quarters of the way from Hawaii to Indonesia"
    },
    "Geographic coordinates": {
      "text": "6 55 N, 158 15 E"
    },
    "Map references": {
      "text": "Oceania"
    },
    "Area": {
      "total": {
        "text": "702 sq km"
      },
      "land": {
        "text": "702 sq km"
      },
      "water": {
        "text": "0 sq km (fresh water only)"
      },
      "note": {
        "text": "includes Pohnpei (Ponape), Chuuk (Truk) Islands, Yap Islands, and Kosrae (Kosaie)"
      }
    },
    "Area - comparative": {
      "text": "four times the size of Washington, DC (land area only)"
    },
    "Land boundaries": {
      "text": "0 km"
    },
    "Coastline": {
      "text": "6,112 km"
    },
    "Maritime claims": {
      "territorial sea": {
        "text": "12 nm"
      },
      "exclusive economic zone": {
        "text": "200 nm"
      }
    },
    "Climate": {
      "text": "tropical; heavy year-round rainfall, especially in the eastern islands; located on southern edge of the typhoon belt with occasionally severe damage"
    },
    "Terrain": {
      "text": "islands vary geologically from high mountainous islands to low, coral atolls; volcanic outcroppings on Pohnpei, Kosrae, and Chuuk"
    },
    "Elevation extremes": {
      "lowest point": {
        "text": "Pacific Ocean 0 m"
      },
      "highest point": {
        "text": "Dolohmwar (Totolom) 791 m"
      }
    },
    "Natural resources": {
      "text": "timber, marine products, deep-seabed minerals, phosphate"
    },
    "Land use": {
      "agricultural land": {
        "text": "25.5% ++ arable land 2.3%; permanent crops 19.7%; permanent pasture 3.5%"
      },
      "forest": {
        "text": "74.5%"
      },
      "other": {
        "text": "0% (2011 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Irrigated land": {
      "text": "NA"
    },
    "Natural hazards": {
      "text": "typhoons (June to December)"
    },
    "Environment - current issues": {
      "text": "overfishing, climate change, pollution"
    },
    "Environment - international agreements": {
      "party to": {
        "text": "Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection"
      },
      "signed, but not ratified": {
        "text": "none of the selected agreements"
      }
    },
    "Geography - note": {
      "text": "four major island groups totaling 607 islands"
    }
  },
  "People and Society": {
    "Nationality": {
      "noun": {
        "text": "Micronesian(s)"
      },
      "adjective": {
        "text": "Micronesian; Chuukese, Kosraen(s), Pohnpeian(s), Yapese"
      }
    },
    "Ethnic groups": {
      "text": "Chuukese/Mortlockese 49.3%, Pohnpeian 29.8%, Kosraean 6.3%, Yapese 5.7%, Yap outer islanders 5.1%, Polynesian 1.6%, Asian 1.4%, other 0.8% (2010 est.)"
    },
    "Languages": {
      "text": "English (official and common language), Chuukese, Kosrean, Pohnpeian, Yapese, Ulithian, Woleaian, Nukuoro, Kapingamarangi"
    },
    "Religions": {
      "text": "Roman Catholic 54.7%, Protestant 41.1% (includes Congregational 38.5%, Baptist 1.1%, Seventh Day Adventist 0.8%, Assembly of God .7%), Mormon 1.5%, other 1.9%, none 0.7%, unspecified 0.1% (2010 est.)"
    },
    "Population": {
      "text": "105,216 (July 2015 est.)"
    },
    "Age structure": {
      "0-14 years": {
        "text": "31.34% (male 16,761/female 16,215)"
      },
      "15-24 years": {
        "text": "20% (male 10,576/female 10,469)"
      },
      "25-54 years": {
        "text": "38.41% (male 19,583/female 20,827)"
      },
      "55-64 years": {
        "text": "6.72% (male 3,494/female 3,580)"
      },
      "65 years and over": {
        "text": "3.53% (male 1,660/female 2,051) (2015 est.)"
      },
      "population pyramid": {
        "text": null
      }
    },
    "Dependency ratios": {
      "total dependency ratio": {
        "text": "62.4%"
      },
      "youth dependency ratio": {
        "text": "55.3%"
      },
      "elderly dependency ratio": {
        "text": "7.1%"
      },
      "potential support ratio": {
        "text": "14.1% (2015 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Median age": {
      "total": {
        "text": "24.2 years"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "23.6 years"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "24.9 years (2015 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Population growth rate": {
      "text": "-0.46% (2015 est.)"
    },
    "Birth rate": {
      "text": "20.54 births/1,000 population (2015 est.)"
    },
    "Death rate": {
      "text": "4.23 deaths/1,000 population (2015 est.)"
    },
    "Net migration rate": {
      "text": "-20.93 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2015 est.)"
    },
    "Urbanization": {
      "urban population": {
        "text": "22.4% of total population (2015)"
      },
      "rate of urbanization": {
        "text": "0.27% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Major urban areas - population": {
      "text": "PALIKIR (capital) 7,000 (2014)"
    },
    "Sex ratio": {
      "at birth": {
        "text": "1.05 male(s)/female"
      },
      "0-14 years": {
        "text": "1.03 male(s)/female"
      },
      "15-24 years": {
        "text": "1.01 male(s)/female"
      },
      "25-54 years": {
        "text": "0.94 male(s)/female"
      },
      "55-64 years": {
        "text": "0.98 male(s)/female"
      },
      "65 years and over": {
        "text": "0.81 male(s)/female"
      },
      "total population": {
        "text": "0.98 male(s)/female (2015 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Infant mortality rate": {
      "total": {
        "text": "21.18 deaths/1,000 live births"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "23.46 deaths/1,000 live births"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "18.79 deaths/1,000 live births (2015 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Life expectancy at birth": {
      "total population": {
        "text": "72.62 years"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "70.59 years"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "74.75 years (2015 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Total fertility rate": {
      "text": "2.49 children born/woman (2015 est.)"
    },
    "Health expenditures": {
      "text": "12.6% of GDP (2013)"
    },
    "Physicians density": {
      "text": "0.18 physicians/1,000 population (2009)"
    },
    "Hospital bed density": {
      "text": "3.2 beds/1,000 population (2009)"
    },
    "Drinking water source": {
      "improved": {
        "text": " ++ urban: 94.8% of population ++ rural: 87.4% of population ++ total: 89% of population"
      },
      "unimproved": {
        "text": " ++ urban: 5.2% of population ++ rural: 12.6% of population ++ total: 11% of population (2015 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Sanitation facility access": {
      "improved": {
        "text": " ++ urban: 85.1% of population ++ rural: 49% of population ++ total: 57.1% of population"
      },
      "unimproved": {
        "text": " ++ urban: 14.9% of population ++ rural: 51% of population ++ total: 42.9% of population (2015 est.)"
      }
    },
    "HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate": {
      "text": "NA"
    },
    "HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS": {
      "text": "NA"
    },
    "HIV/AIDS - deaths": {
      "text": "NA"
    },
    "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
      "text": "33.2% (2014)"
    },
    "Education expenditures": {
      "text": "NA"
    }
  },
  "Government": {
    "Country name": {
      "conventional long form": {
        "text": "Federated States of Micronesia"
      },
      "conventional short form": {
        "text": "none"
      },
      "local long form": {
        "text": "Federated States of Micronesia"
      },
      "local short form": {
        "text": "none"
      },
      "former": {
        "text": "Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, Ponape, Truk, and Yap Districts"
      },
      "abbreviation": {
        "text": "FSM"
      }
    },
    "Government type": {
      "text": "constitutional government in free association with the US; the Compact of Free Association entered into force on 3 November 1986 and the Amended Compact entered into force in May 2004"
    },
    "Capital": {
      "name": {
        "text": "Palikir"
      },
      "geographic coordinates": {
        "text": "6 55 N, 158 09 E"
      },
      "time difference": {
        "text": "UTC+11 (16 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
      }
    },
    "Administrative divisions": {
      "text": "4 states; Chuuk (Truk), Kosrae (Kosaie), Pohnpei (Ponape), Yap"
    },
    "Independence": {
      "text": "3 November 1986 (from the US-administered UN trusteeship)"
    },
    "National holiday": {
      "text": "Constitution Day, 10 May (1979)"
    },
    "Constitution": {
      "text": "drafted June 1975, ratified 1 October 1978, entered into force 10 May 1979; amended 1990 (2012)"
    },
    "Legal system": {
      "text": "mixed legal system of common and customary law"
    },
    "International law organization participation": {
      "text": "has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt"
    },
    "Suffrage": {
      "text": "18 years of age; universal"
    },
    "Executive branch": {
      "chief of state": {
        "text": "President Peter M. CHRISTIAN (since 12 May 2015); Vice President Yosiwo P. GEORGE (since 12 May 2015); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government"
      },
      "head of government": {
        "text": "President Peter M. CHRISTIAN (since 12 May 2015); Vice President Yosiwo P. GEORGE (since 12 May 2015)"
      },
      "cabinet": {
        "text": "Cabinet includes the vice president and the heads of the 8 executive departments"
      },
      "elections/appointments": {
        "text": "president and vice president indirectly elected by Congress from among the 4 'at large' senators for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 11 May 2011 (next to be held in May 2015)"
      },
      "election results": {
        "text": "Peter M. CHRISTIAN elected president by Congress; Yosiwo P. GEORGE elected vice president"
      }
    },
    "Legislative branch": {
      "description": {
        "text": "unicameral Congress (14 seats; 10 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 2-year terms and 4 directly elected from each of the 4 states by proportional representation vote to serve 4-year terms)"
      },
      "elections": {
        "text": "last held on 5 March 2013 (next to be held in March 2015)"
      },
      "election results": {
        "text": "percent of vote - NA; seats - independent 14"
      }
    },
    "Judicial branch": {
      "highest court(s)": {
        "text": "Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice and not more than 5 associate justices and organized into appellate and criminal divisions)"
      },
      "judge selection and term of office": {
        "text": "justices appointed by the president of the Federated States of Micronesia with the approval of two-thirds of Congress; justices appointed for life"
      },
      "subordinate courts": {
        "text": "the highest state-level courts are: Chuuk Supreme Court; Korsae State Court; Pohnpei State Court; Yap State Court"
      }
    },
    "Political parties and leaders": {
      "text": "no formal parties"
    },
    "Political pressure groups and leaders": {
      "text": "NA"
    },
    "International organization participation": {
      "text": "ACP, ADB, AOSIS, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, IMF, IOC, IOM, IPU, ITSO, ITU, MIGA, OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, WHO, WMO"
    },
    "Diplomatic representation in the US": {
      "chief of mission": {
        "text": "Ambassador Asterio R. TAKESY (since 13 January 2012)"
      },
      "chancery": {
        "text": "1725 N Street NW, Washington, DC 20036"
      },
      "telephone": {
        "text": "[1] (202) 223-4383"
      },
      "FAX": {
        "text": "[1] (202) 223-4391"
      },
      "consulate(s) general": {
        "text": "Honolulu, Tamuning (Guam)"
      }
    },
    "Diplomatic representation from the US": {
      "chief of mission": {
        "text": "Ambassador Dorothea-Maria (Doria) ROSEN (since 9 August 2012)"
      },
      "embassy": {
        "text": "101 Upper Pics Road, Kolonia"
      },
      "mailing address": {
        "text": "P. O. Box 1286, Kolonia, Pohnpei, 96941; U.S. Embassy in Micronesia, 4120 Kolonia Place, Washington, D.C. 20521-4120"
      },
      "telephone": {
        "text": "[691] 320-2187"
      },
      "FAX": {
        "text": "[691] 320-2186"
      }
    },
    "Flag description": {
      "text": "light blue with four white five-pointed stars centered; the stars are arranged in a diamond pattern; blue symbolizes the Pacific Ocean, the stars represent the four island groups of Chuuk, Kosrae, Pohnpei, and Yap"
    },
    "National symbol(s)": {
      "text": "four, five-pointed, white stars on a light blue field; national colors: light blue, white"
    },
    "National anthem": {
      "name": {
        "text": "\"Patriots of Micronesia\""
      },
      "lyrics/music": {
        "text": "unknown"
      },
      "note": {
        "text": "adopted 1991; also known as \"Across All Micronesia\"; the music is based on the 1820 German patriotic song \"Ich hab mich ergeben\", which was the West German national anthem from 1949-1950; variants of this tune are used in Johannes Brahms' \"Festival Overture\" and Gustav Mahler's \"Third Symphony\""
      }
    }
  },
  "Economy": {
    "Economy - overview": {
      "text": "Economic activity consists largely of subsistence farming and fishing, and government, which employs two-thirds of the adult working population and receives funding largely - 58% in 2013 – from Compact of Free Association assistance provided by the US. The islands have few commercially valuable mineral deposits. The potential for tourism is limited by isolation, lack of adequate facilities, and limited internal air and water transportation. Under the terms of the original Compact, the US provided $1.3 billion in grants and aid from 1986 to 2001. The US and the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) negotiated a second (amended) Compact agreement in 2002-2003 that took effect in 2004. The amended Compact runs for a 20-year period to 2023; during which the US will provide roughly $2.1 billion to the FSM. The amended Compact also develops a Trust Fund for the FSM that will provide a comparable income stream beyond 2024 when Compact grants end. The country's medium-term economic outlook appears fragile because of dependence on US assistance and lackluster performance of its small and stagnant private sector."
    },
    "GDP (purchasing power parity)": {
      "text": "$312 million (2014 est.) ++ $311.7 million (2013 est.) ++ $324.8 million (2012 est.)",
      "note": {
        "text": "data are in 2013 US dollars; GDP supplemented by grant aid, averaging perhaps $100 million annually"
      }
    },
    "GDP (official exchange rate)": {
      "text": "$315 million (2014 est.)"
    },
    "GDP - real growth rate": {
      "text": "0.1% (2014 est.) ++ -4% (2013 est.) ++ 0.1% (2012 est.)"
    },
    "GDP - per capita (PPP)": {
      "text": "$3,000 (2014 est.) ++ $3,000 (2013 est.) ++ $3,100 (2012 est.)",
      "note": {
        "text": "data are in 2014 US dollars"
      }
    },
    "GDP - composition, by end use": {
      "household consumption": {
        "text": "83.5%"
      },
      "government consumption": {
        "text": "41.8%"
      },
      "investment in fixed assets": {
        "text": "24.3%"
      },
      "investment in inventories": {
        "text": "0%"
      },
      "exports of goods and services": {
        "text": "26.6%"
      },
      "imports of goods and services": {
        "text": "-76.2% (2013 est.)"
      }
    },
    "GDP - composition, by sector of origin": {
      "agriculture": {
        "text": "26.3%"
      },
      "industry": {
        "text": "18.9%"
      },
      "services": {
        "text": "54.8% (2013 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Agriculture - products": {
      "text": "taro, yams, coconuts, bananas, cassava (manioc, tapioca), sakau (kava), Kosraen citrus, betel nuts, black pepper, fish, pigs, chickens"
    },
    "Industries": {
      "text": "tourism, construction; specialized aquaculture, craft items (shell and wood)"
    },
    "Industrial production growth rate": {
      "text": "NA%"
    },
    "Labor force": {
      "text": "37,920 (2010 est.)"
    },
    "Labor force - by occupation": {
      "agriculture": {
        "text": "0.9%"
      },
      "industry": {
        "text": "5.2%"
      },
      "services": {
        "text": "93.9%"
      },
      "note": {
        "text": "two-thirds of the labor force are government employees (2013 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Unemployment rate": {
      "text": "16.2% (2010 est.)"
    },
    "Population below poverty line": {
      "text": "26.7% (2000 est.)"
    },
    "Household income or consumption by percentage share": {
      "lowest 10%": {
        "text": "NA%"
      },
      "highest 10%": {
        "text": "NA%"
      }
    },
    "Distribution of family income - Gini index": {
      "text": "61.1 (2013 est.)"
    },
    "Budget": {
      "revenues": {
        "text": "$213.8 million"
      },
      "expenditures": {
        "text": "$192.1 million (FY12/13 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Taxes and other revenues": {
      "text": "63% of GDP (2013 est.)"
    },
    "Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)": {
      "text": "6.3% of GDP (2013 est.)"
    },
    "Public debt": {
      "text": "28% of GDP (2013) ++ 27% of GDP (2012)"
    },
    "Fiscal year": {
      "text": "1 October - 30 September"
    },
    "Inflation rate (consumer prices)": {
      "text": "0.7% (2014 est.) ++ 6.3% (2012 est.)"
    },
    "Commercial bank prime lending rate": {
      "text": "7.1% (2013 est.) ++ 6.4% (2012 est.)"
    },
    "Stock of narrow money": {
      "text": "$196 million (31 December 2013 est.)"
    },
    "Stock of broad money": {
      "text": "$225.2 million (31 December 2013 est.)"
    },
    "Stock of domestic credit": {
      "text": "$56.98 million (2013 est.) ++ $56.77 million (31 December 2011 est.)"
    },
    "Market value of publicly traded shares": {
      "text": "$NA"
    },
    "Current account balance": {
      "text": "-$31.6 million (2013 est.) ++ -$41.2 million (2012 est.)"
    },
    "Exports": {
      "text": "$88.3 million (2013 est.) ++ $95.7 million (2012 est.)"
    },
    "Exports - commodities": {
      "text": "fish, sakau (kava), betel nuts, black pepper"
    },
    "Imports": {
      "text": "$258.5 million (2013 est.) ++ $263.4 million (2012 est.)"
    },
    "Imports - commodities": {
      "text": "food, beverages, clothing, computers, household electronics, appliances, manufactured goods, automobiles, machinery and equipment, furniture, tools"
    },
    "Reserves of foreign exchange and gold": {
      "text": "$75.06 million (31 December 2011 est.)"
    },
    "Debt - external": {
      "text": "$93.6 million (2013 est.) ++ $93.5 million (2012 est.)"
    },
    "Stock of direct foreign investment - at home": {
      "text": "$15.8 million (2013 est.) ++ $34.4 million (2012 est.)"
    },
    "Exchange rates": {
      "text": "the US dollar is used"
    }
  },
  "Energy": {
    "Electricity - production": {
      "text": "192 million kWh (2002)"
    },
    "Electricity - consumption": {
      "text": "178.6 million kWh (2002)"
    },
    "Electricity - exports": {
      "text": "0 kWh (2013 est.)"
    },
    "Electricity - imports": {
      "text": "0 kWh (2013 est.)"
    },
    "Electricity - installed generating capacity": {
      "text": "18,000 kW (2015 est.)"
    },
    "Electricity - from nuclear fuels": {
      "text": "0% of total installed capacity (2015 est.)"
    },
    "Electricity - from hydroelectric plants": {
      "text": "1% of total installed capacity (2013 est.)"
    },
    "Electricity - from other renewable sources": {
      "text": "3% of total installed capacity (2013 est.)"
    },
    "Crude oil - production": {
      "text": "0 bbl/day (2014)"
    },
    "Crude oil - exports": {
      "text": "0 bbl/day (2014)"
    },
    "Crude oil - imports": {
      "text": "0 bbl/day (2014)"
    },
    "Crude oil - proved reserves": {
      "text": "0 bbl (1 January 2014)"
    },
    "Refined petroleum products - production": {
      "text": "0 bbl/day (2014)"
    },
    "Natural gas - production": {
      "text": "0 cu m (2014)"
    },
    "Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy": {
      "text": "105 Mt (2010 est.)"
    }
  },
  "Communications": {
    "Telephones - fixed lines": {
      "total subscriptions": {
        "text": "7,000"
      },
      "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
        "text": "7 (2014 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Telephones - mobile cellular": {
      "total": {
        "text": "31,400"
      },
      "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
        "text": "30 (2013)"
      }
    },
    "Telephone system": {
      "general assessment": {
        "text": "adequate system"
      },
      "domestic": {
        "text": "islands interconnected by shortwave radiotelephone (used mostly for government purposes), satellite (Intelsat) ground stations, and some coaxial and fiber-optic cable; mobile-cellular service available on Kosrae, Pohnpei, and Yap"
      },
      "international": {
        "text": "country code - 691; satellite earth stations - 5 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) (2002)"
      }
    },
    "Broadcast media": {
      "text": "no TV broadcast stations; each state has a multi-channel cable service with TV transmissions carrying roughly 95% imported programming and 5% local programming; about a half dozen radio stations (2009)"
    },
    "Radio broadcast stations": {
      "text": "AM 5, FM 1, shortwave 0 (2004)"
    },
    "Television broadcast stations": {
      "text": "3 (cable TV also available) (2004)"
    },
    "Internet country code": {
      "text": ".fm"
    },
    "Internet users": {
      "total": {
        "text": "29,900"
      },
      "percent of population": {
        "text": "28.3% (2014 est.)"
      }
    }
  },
  "Transportation": {
    "Airports": {
      "text": "6 (2013)"
    },
    "Airports - with paved runways": {
      "total": {
        "text": "6"
      },
      "1,524 to 2,437 m": {
        "text": "4"
      },
      "914 to 1,523 m": {
        "text": "2 (2013)"
      }
    },
    "Roadways": {
      "total": {
        "text": "388 km"
      },
      "paved": {
        "text": "184 km"
      },
      "unpaved": {
        "text": "204 km (2015)"
      }
    },
    "Merchant marine": {
      "total": {
        "text": "3"
      },
      "by type": {
        "text": "cargo 1, passenger/cargo 2 (2010)"
      }
    },
    "Ports and terminals": {
      "major seaport(s)": {
        "text": "Colonia (Tomil Harbor), Lele Harbor, Pohnepi Harbor"
      }
    }
  },
  "Military": {
    "Military branches": {
      "text": "no regular military forces (2012)"
    },
    "Manpower available for military service": {
      "males age 16-49": {
        "text": "26,712 (2010 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Manpower fit for military service": {
      "males age 16-49": {
        "text": "22,008"
      },
      "females age 16-49": {
        "text": "23,501 (2010 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually": {
      "male": {
        "text": "1,276"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "1,253 (2010 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Military - note": {
      "text": "defense is the responsibility of the US"
    }
  },
  "Transnational Issues": {
    "Disputes - international": {
      "text": "none"
    },
    "Illicit drugs": {
      "text": "major consumer of cannabis"
    }
  }
}