factbook.json/africa/uv.json

{
  "Introduction": {
    "Background": {
      "text": "Burkina Faso (formerly Upper Volta) achieved independence from France in 1960. Repeated military coups during the 1970s and 1980s were followed by multiparty elections in the early 1990s. Former President Blaise COMPAORE (1987-2014) resigned on 31 October 2014 following popular protests against his efforts to amend the Constitution's two-term presidential limit. An interim administration, led by President Michel KAFANDO and Prime Minister Yacouba Isaac ZIDA is organizing presidential and legislative elections to be held in late 2015. Burkina Faso's high population growth and limited natural resources result in poor economic prospects for the majority of its citizens."
    }
  },
  "Geography": {
    "Location": {
      "text": "Western Africa, north of Ghana"
    },
    "Geographic coordinates": {
      "text": "13 00 N, 2 00 W"
    },
    "Map references": {
      "text": "Africa"
    },
    "Area": {
      "total": {
        "text": "274,200 sq km"
      },
      "land": {
        "text": "273,800 sq km"
      },
      "water": {
        "text": "400 sq km"
      }
    },
    "Area - comparative": {
      "text": "slightly larger than Colorado"
    },
    "Land boundaries": {
      "total": {
        "text": "3,611 km"
      },
      "border countries (6)": {
        "text": "Benin 386 km, Cote d'Ivoire 545 km, Ghana 602 km, Mali 1,325 km, Niger 622 km, Togo 131 km"
      }
    },
    "Coastline": {
      "text": "0 km (landlocked)"
    },
    "Maritime claims": {
      "text": "none (landlocked)"
    },
    "Climate": {
      "text": "tropical; warm, dry winters; hot, wet summers"
    },
    "Terrain": {
      "text": "mostly flat to dissected, undulating plains; hills in west and southeast"
    },
    "Elevation extremes": {
      "lowest point": {
        "text": "Mouhoun (Black Volta) River 200 m"
      },
      "highest point": {
        "text": "Tena Kourou 749 m"
      }
    },
    "Natural resources": {
      "text": "manganese, limestone, marble; small deposits of gold, phosphates, pumice, salt"
    },
    "Land use": {
      "agricultural land": {
        "text": "43% ++ arable land 20.8%; permanent crops 0.3%; permanent pasture 21.9%"
      },
      "forest": {
        "text": "20.4%"
      },
      "other": {
        "text": "36.6% (2011 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Irrigated land": {
      "text": "250 sq km (2003)"
    },
    "Total renewable water resources": {
      "text": "12.5 cu km (2011)"
    },
    "Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural)": {
      "total": {
        "text": "0.72  cu km/yr (46%/3%/51%)"
      },
      "per capita": {
        "text": "54.99  cu m/yr (2005)"
      }
    },
    "Natural hazards": {
      "text": "recurring droughts"
    },
    "Environment - current issues": {
      "text": "recent droughts and desertification severely affecting agricultural activities, population distribution, and the economy; overgrazing; soil degradation; deforestation"
    },
    "Environment - international agreements": {
      "party to": {
        "text": "Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands"
      },
      "signed, but not ratified": {
        "text": "none of the selected agreements"
      }
    },
    "Geography - note": {
      "text": "landlocked savanna cut by the three principal rivers of the Black, Red, and White Voltas"
    }
  },
  "People and Society": {
    "Nationality": {
      "noun": {
        "text": "Burkinabe (singular and plural)"
      },
      "adjective": {
        "text": "Burkinabe"
      }
    },
    "Ethnic groups": {
      "text": "Mossi over 40%, other approximately 60% (includes Gurunsi, Senufo, Lobi, Bobo, Mande, and Fulani)"
    },
    "Languages": {
      "text": "French (official), native African languages belonging to Sudanic family spoken by 90% of the population"
    },
    "Religions": {
      "text": "Muslim 60.5%, Catholic 19%, animist 15.3%, Protestant 4.2%, other 0.6%, none 0.4% (2006 est.)"
    },
    "Population": {
      "text": "18,931,686",
      "note": {
        "text": "estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality, higher death rates, lower population growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2015 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Age structure": {
      "0-14 years": {
        "text": "45.2% (male 4,286,569/female 4,270,357)"
      },
      "15-24 years": {
        "text": "20.08% (male 1,909,090/female 1,892,273)"
      },
      "25-54 years": {
        "text": "29.13% (male 2,799,042/female 2,716,439)"
      },
      "55-64 years": {
        "text": "3.14% (male 253,423/female 340,599)"
      },
      "65 years and over": {
        "text": "2.45% (male 174,647/female 289,247) (2015 est.)"
      },
      "population pyramid": {
        "text": null
      }
    },
    "Dependency ratios": {
      "total dependency ratio": {
        "text": "92.2%"
      },
      "youth dependency ratio": {
        "text": "87.6%"
      },
      "elderly dependency ratio": {
        "text": "4.6%"
      },
      "potential support ratio": {
        "text": "21.7% (2015 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Median age": {
      "total": {
        "text": "17.1 years"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "17 years"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "17.3 years (2015 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Population growth rate": {
      "text": "3.03% (2015 est.)"
    },
    "Birth rate": {
      "text": "42.03 births/1,000 population (2015 est.)"
    },
    "Death rate": {
      "text": "11.72 deaths/1,000 population (2015 est.)"
    },
    "Net migration rate": {
      "text": "0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2015 est.)"
    },
    "Urbanization": {
      "urban population": {
        "text": "29.9% of total population (2015)"
      },
      "rate of urbanization": {
        "text": "5.87% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Major urban areas - population": {
      "text": "OUAGADOUGOU (capital) 2.741 million (2015)"
    },
    "Sex ratio": {
      "at birth": {
        "text": "1.03 male(s)/female"
      },
      "0-14 years": {
        "text": "1 male(s)/female"
      },
      "15-24 years": {
        "text": "1.01 male(s)/female"
      },
      "25-54 years": {
        "text": "1.03 male(s)/female"
      },
      "55-64 years": {
        "text": "0.74 male(s)/female"
      },
      "65 years and over": {
        "text": "0.6 male(s)/female"
      },
      "total population": {
        "text": "0.99 male(s)/female (2015 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Infant mortality rate": {
      "total": {
        "text": "75.32 deaths/1,000 live births"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "82.56 deaths/1,000 live births"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "67.87 deaths/1,000 live births (2015 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Life expectancy at birth": {
      "total population": {
        "text": "55.12 years"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "53.1 years"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "57.21 years (2015 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Total fertility rate": {
      "text": "5.86 children born/woman (2015 est.)"
    },
    "Contraceptive prevalence rate": {
      "text": "16.2% (2010/11)"
    },
    "Health expenditures": {
      "text": "6.4% of GDP (2013)"
    },
    "Physicians density": {
      "text": "0.05 physicians/1,000 population (2010)"
    },
    "Hospital bed density": {
      "text": "0.4 beds/1,000 population (2010)"
    },
    "Drinking water source": {
      "improved": {
        "text": " ++ urban: 97.5% of population ++ rural: 75.8% of population ++ total: 82.3% of population"
      },
      "unimproved": {
        "text": " ++ urban: 2.5% of population ++ rural: 24.2% of population ++ total: 17.7% of population (2015 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Sanitation facility access": {
      "improved": {
        "text": " ++ urban: 50.4% of population ++ rural: 6.7% of population ++ total: 19.7% of population"
      },
      "unimproved": {
        "text": " ++ urban: 49.6% of population ++ rural: 93.3% of population ++ total: 80.3% of population (2015 est.)"
      }
    },
    "HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate": {
      "text": "0.94% (2014 est.)"
    },
    "HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS": {
      "text": "107,700 (2014 est.)"
    },
    "HIV/AIDS - deaths": {
      "text": "3,800 (2014 est.)"
    },
    "Major infectious diseases": {
      "degree of risk": {
        "text": "very high"
      },
      "food or waterborne diseases": {
        "text": "bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever"
      },
      "vectorborne disease": {
        "text": "dengue fever, malaria, and yellow fever"
      },
      "water contact disease": {
        "text": "schistosomiasis"
      },
      "respiratory disease": {
        "text": "meningococcal meningitis"
      },
      "animal contact disease": {
        "text": "rabies"
      },
      "note": {
        "text": "highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified in this country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare cases possible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2013)"
      }
    },
    "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
      "text": "5.2% (2014)"
    },
    "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": {
      "text": "26.2% (2010)"
    },
    "Education expenditures": {
      "text": "3.4% of GDP (2011)"
    },
    "Literacy": {
      "definition": {
        "text": "age 15 and over can read and write"
      },
      "total population": {
        "text": "36%"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "43%"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "29.3% (2015 est.)"
      }
    },
    "School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
      "total": {
        "text": "8 years"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "8 years"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "7 years (2013)"
      }
    },
    "Child labor - children ages 5-14": {
      "total number": {
        "text": "1,521,006"
      },
      "percentage": {
        "text": "38% (2006 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": {
      "total": {
        "text": "3.8%"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "4.6%"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "2.9% (2006 est.)"
      }
    }
  },
  "Government": {
    "Country name": {
      "conventional long form": {
        "text": "none"
      },
      "conventional short form": {
        "text": "Burkina Faso"
      },
      "local long form": {
        "text": "none"
      },
      "local short form": {
        "text": "Burkina Faso"
      },
      "former": {
        "text": "Upper Volta, Republic of Upper Volta"
      }
    },
    "Government type": {
      "text": "parliamentary republic"
    },
    "Capital": {
      "name": {
        "text": "Ouagadougou"
      },
      "geographic coordinates": {
        "text": "12 22 N, 1 31 W"
      },
      "time difference": {
        "text": "UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
      }
    },
    "Administrative divisions": {
      "text": "13 regions; Boucle du Mouhoun, Cascades, Centre, Centre-Est, Centre-Nord, Centre-Ouest, Centre-Sud, Est, Hauts-Bassins, Nord, Plateau-Central, Sahel, Sud-Ouest"
    },
    "Independence": {
      "text": "5 August 1960 (from France)"
    },
    "National holiday": {
      "text": "Republic Day, 11 December (1958); note - commemorates the day that Upper Volta became an autonomous republic in the French Community"
    },
    "Constitution": {
      "text": "several previous; latest approved by referendum 2 June 1991, adopted 11 June 1991; amended several times, last in 2012 (2012)"
    },
    "Legal system": {
      "text": "civil law based on the French model and customary law"
    },
    "International law organization participation": {
      "text": "has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction"
    },
    "Suffrage": {
      "text": "18 years of age; universal"
    },
    "Executive branch": {
      "chief of state": {
        "text": "Interim President Michel KAFANDO (since 1 November 2014); note - President Blaise COMPAORE resigned on 31 October 2014 after efforts to amend the constitution to enable him to run for another term led to violent protests; military chief Gen. Honore TRAORE temporarily took power on 31 October 2014, but the army named Lt. Col. Yacouba Isaac ZIDA as the head of a transitional government on 1 November 2014; on 14 November, military and opposition party leaders agreed to a charter returning the government to civilian rule and holding elections in late 2015; Michel KAFANDO became interim president on 18 November 2014 and ZIDA became prime minister on 19 November 2014; KAFANDO and ZIDA were ousted in a military coup on 16 September 2015 and returned to power on 23 September 2015"
      },
      "head of government": {
        "text": "Prime Minister Lt. Col. Yacouba Issac ZIDA (since 19 November 2014)"
      },
      "cabinet": {
        "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister"
      },
      "elections/appointments": {
        "text": "president elected by absolute majority popular vote in two rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second); election last held on 21 November 2010 (next to be held 11 October 2015), following the 16 September 2015 military coup, the election date is uncertain; prime minister appointed by the president with consent of the National Assembly"
      },
      "election results": {
        "text": "Blaise COMPAORE reelected president; percent of vote - Blaise COMPAORE 80.2%, Hama Arba DIALLO 8.2%, Benewende Stanislas SANKARA 6.3%, other 5.3%; note - President COMPAORE resigned on 31 October 2014; Michel KAFANDO took office as interim president on 18 November 2014, after being selected by a special electoral college; Lt. Col. Yacouba Isaac ZIDA was appointed as prime minister on 19 November 2014; a 25-member transitional government will rule until elections on 11 October 2015; a 90-member national transitional council will serve as a legislative body; KAFANDO was ousted in a 16 September 2015 military coup and replaced with a National Council of Democracy led by Gen. Gilbert DIENDERE but was restored to power on 23 September 2015"
      }
    },
    "Legislative branch": {
      "description": {
        "text": "bicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale consists of the Senate or Senat (99 seats; 39 members indirectly elected by regional councils, 39 appointed by the president, and 21 indirectly elected by interest groups; members serve 5-year terms) and the National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (127 seats; 111 members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies and 16 directly elected in a single nationwide constituency by proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms); note - the Senate was created in 2013"
      },
      "elections": {
        "text": "last held on 2 December 2012 (next to be held on 11 October 2015); note - election date is uncertain following 16 September 2015 military coup"
      },
      "election results": {
        "text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - CDP 70, ADF-RDA 19, Union for Progress and Reform 19, UNIR-MS 4, UPR 4, CFD-B 3, PDS/Metba 2, other 6"
      }
    },
    "Judicial branch": {
      "highest court(s)": {
        "text": "Supreme Court of Appeals or Cour de Cassation (consists of NA judges); Constitutional Council or Conseil Constitutionnel (consists of the council president and 3 judges)"
      },
      "judge selection and term of office": {
        "text": "Supreme Court judge appointments mostly controlled by the president of Burkina Faso; judge tenure NA; Constitutional Council judges appointed by the president of Burkina Faso upon the proposal of the minister of justice and the president of the National Assembly; judges appointed for 9-year terms with one-third of judges renewed every 3 years"
      },
      "subordinate courts": {
        "text": "Appeals Court; High Court; first instance tribunals; district courts; specialized courts relating to issues of labor, children, and juveniles; village (customary) courts"
      }
    },
    "Political parties and leaders": {
      "text": "African Democratic Rally-Alliance for Democracy and Federation or ADF-RDA [Gilbert OUEDRAOGO] ++ Citizen's Popular Rally or RPC [Antoine QUARE] ++ Coalition of Democratic Forces of Burkina or CFD-B [Zio Eric FRANCOIS] ++ Congress for Democracy and Progress or CDP [Assimi KOUANDA] ++ Democratic and Popular Rally or RDP [Nana THIBAUT] ++ Movement for Tolerance and Progress or MTP [Nayabtigungou Congo KABORE] ++ Party for African Independence or PAI [Soumane TOURE] ++ Party for Democracy and Progress-Socialist Party or PDP-PS [Francois O. KABORE] ++ Party for Democracy and Socialism/Metba or PDS/Metba [Hama Arba DIALLO] ++ Party for National Rebirth or PAREN [Barry TAHIROU] ++ People's Movement for Progress or MPP [Roch March KABORE] ++ Rally for the Development of Burkina or RDB [Celestin Saidou COMPAORE] ++ Rally of Ecologists of Burkina Faso or RDEB [Ram OUEDRAGO] ++ Republican Party for Integration and Solidarity or PARIS ++ Union for Democracy and Social Progress or UDPS [Fidele HIEN] ++ Union for Progress and Change or UPC [Zephirin DIABRE] ++ Union for Rebirth - Sankarist Movement or UNIR-MS [Benewende Stanislas SANKARA] ++ Union for the Republic or UPR [Toussaint Abel COULIBALY] ++ Union of Sankarist Parties or UPS [Ernest Nongma OUEDRAOGO]"
    },
    "Political pressure groups and leaders": {
      "text": "Burkinabe General Confederation of Labor or CGTB [Tole SAGNON] ++ Burkinabe Movement for Human Rights or MBDHP [Chrysigone ZOUGMORE] ++ Citizen's Resistance Front [Luc Marius IBRIGA] ++ Group of 14 February [Benewende Stanislas SANKARA] ++ National Confederation of Burkinabe Workers or CNTB [Laurent OUEDRAOGO] ++ National Organization of Free Unions or ONSL [Paul KABORE]",
      "other": {
        "text": "watchdog/political action groups throughout the country in both organizations and communities"
      }
    },
    "International organization participation": {
      "text": "ACP, AfDB, AU, CD, ECOWAS, EITI (compliant country), Entente, FAO, FZ, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINUSMA, MONUSCO, NAM, OIC, OIF, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNITAR, UNWTO, UPU, WADB (regional), WAEMU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
    },
    "Diplomatic representation in the US": {
      "chief of mission": {
        "text": "Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Seydou SINKA (since 1 November 2014)"
      },
      "chancery": {
        "text": "2340 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008"
      },
      "telephone": {
        "text": "[1] (202) 332-5577"
      },
      "FAX": {
        "text": "[1] (202) 667-1882"
      }
    },
    "Diplomatic representation from the US": {
      "chief of mission": {
        "text": "A mbassador Tulinabo Salama MUSHINGI (since 5 August 2013)"
      },
      "embassy": {
        "text": "Rue 15.873, Avenue Sembene Ousmane, Ouaga 2000, Secteur 15"
      },
      "mailing address": {
        "text": "01 B. P. 35, Ouagadougou 01; pouch mail - US Department of State, 2440 Ouagadougou Place, Washington, DC 20521-2440"
      },
      "telephone": {
        "text": "[226] 25-49-53-00"
      },
      "FAX": {
        "text": "[226] 25-49-56-28"
      }
    },
    "Flag description": {
      "text": "two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and green with a yellow five-pointed star in the center; red recalls the country's struggle for independence, green is for hope and abundance, and yellow represents the country's mineral wealth",
      "note": {
        "text": "uses the popular Pan-African colors of Ethiopia"
      }
    },
    "National symbol(s)": {
      "text": "white stallion; national colors: red, yellow, green"
    },
    "National anthem": {
      "name": {
        "text": "\"Le Ditanye\" (Anthem of Victory)"
      },
      "lyrics/music": {
        "text": "Thomas SANKARA"
      },
      "note": {
        "text": "adopted 1974; also known as \"Une Seule Nuit\" (One Single Night); written by the country's president, an avid guitar player"
      }
    }
  },
  "Economy": {
    "Economy - overview": {
      "text": "Burkina Faso is a poor, landlocked country that depends on adequate rainfall. About 80% of the population is engaged in subsistence farming and cotton is the main cash crop. The country has few natural resources and a weak industrial base. Cotton and gold are Burkina Faso’s key exports and Burkina Faso’s economic growth and revenue depends on global prices for the two commodities. The Burkinabe economy experienced high levels of growth over the last few years and gold accounted for about three-quarters of the country’s total export revenues in 2013. The country has seen an upswing in gold exploration, production, and exports. Burkina Faso experienced a number of public protests over the high cost of living, corruption, and other socioeconomic issues in 2013 and the fall of the COMPAORE government in 2014 gave rise to laborers pushing for better pay and working conditions. A new three-year IMF program was approved in 2013 to focus on improving the quality of public investment and ensuring inclusive growth. Political insecurity in neighboring Mali, unreliable energy supplies, and poor transportation links pose long-term challenges."
    },
    "GDP (purchasing power parity)": {
      "text": "$29.31 billion (2014 est.) ++ $28.18 billion (2013 est.) ++ $26.43 billion (2012 est.)",
      "note": {
        "text": "data are in 2014 US dollars"
      }
    },
    "GDP (official exchange rate)": {
      "text": "$12.5 billion (2014 est.)"
    },
    "GDP - real growth rate": {
      "text": "4% (2014 est.) ++ 6.6% (2013 est.) ++ 6.5% (2012 est.)"
    },
    "GDP - per capita (PPP)": {
      "text": "$1,700 (2014 est.) ++ $1,600 (2013 est.) ++ $1,500 (2012 est.)",
      "note": {
        "text": "data are in 2014 US dollars"
      }
    },
    "Gross national saving": {
      "text": "4.6% of GDP (2014 est.) ++ 13.6% of GDP (2013 est.) ++ 10.4% of GDP (2012 est.)"
    },
    "GDP - composition, by end use": {
      "household consumption": {
        "text": "63.2%"
      },
      "government consumption": {
        "text": "19.4%"
      },
      "investment in fixed capital": {
        "text": "23%"
      },
      "investment in inventories": {
        "text": "1.6%"
      },
      "exports of goods and services": {
        "text": "28.3%"
      },
      "imports of goods and services": {
        "text": "-35.4% ++  (2014 est.)"
      }
    },
    "GDP - composition, by sector of origin": {
      "agriculture": {
        "text": "38%"
      },
      "industry": {
        "text": "22%"
      },
      "services": {
        "text": "40% (2014 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Agriculture - products": {
      "text": "cotton, peanuts, shea nuts, sesame, sorghum, millet, corn, rice; livestock"
    },
    "Industries": {
      "text": "cotton lint, beverages, agricultural processing, soap, cigarettes, textiles, gold"
    },
    "Industrial production growth rate": {
      "text": "4.5% (2014 est.)"
    },
    "Labor force": {
      "text": "7.468 million",
      "note": {
        "text": "a large part of the male labor force migrates annually to neighboring countries for seasonal employment (2012 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Labor force - by occupation": {
      "agriculture": {
        "text": "90%"
      },
      "industry and services": {
        "text": "10% (2000 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Unemployment rate": {
      "text": "77% (2004)"
    },
    "Population below poverty line": {
      "text": "46.7% (2009 est.)"
    },
    "Household income or consumption by percentage share": {
      "lowest 10%": {
        "text": "2.9%"
      },
      "highest 10%": {
        "text": "32.2% (2009 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Distribution of family income - Gini index": {
      "text": "39.5 (2007) ++ 48.2 (1994)"
    },
    "Budget": {
      "revenues": {
        "text": "$3.234 billion"
      },
      "expenditures": {
        "text": "$3.724 billion (2014 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Taxes and other revenues": {
      "text": "24.2% of GDP (2014 est.)"
    },
    "Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)": {
      "text": "-3.7% of GDP (2014 est.)"
    },
    "Fiscal year": {
      "text": "calendar year"
    },
    "Inflation rate (consumer prices)": {
      "text": "-0.3% (2014 est.) ++ 0.5% (2013 est.)"
    },
    "Central bank discount rate": {
      "text": "4.25% (31 December 2010) ++ 4.25% (31 December 2009)"
    },
    "Commercial bank prime lending rate": {
      "text": "NA% (31 December 2014 est.)"
    },
    "Stock of narrow money": {
      "text": "$2.013 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $2.088 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
    },
    "Stock of broad money": {
      "text": "$4.211 billion (31 December 2013 est.) ++ $3.343 billion (31 December 2012 est.)"
    },
    "Stock of domestic credit": {
      "text": "$3.485 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $3.058 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
    },
    "Market value of publicly traded shares": {
      "text": "$NA"
    },
    "Current account balance": {
      "text": "-$767 million (2014 est.) ++ -$495.9 million (2013 est.)"
    },
    "Exports": {
      "text": "$2.254 billion (2014 est.) ++ $2.499 billion (2013 est.)"
    },
    "Exports - commodities": {
      "text": "gold, cotton, livestock"
    },
    "Exports - partners": {
      "text": "China 13.5%, India 8.7%, Indonesia 7.1%, Bangladesh 6.4%, France 5.7%, Canada 5.2%, Japan 4.4% (2014)"
    },
    "Imports": {
      "text": "$3.117 billion (2014 est.) ++ $2.901 billion (2013 est.)"
    },
    "Imports - commodities": {
      "text": "capital goods, foodstuffs, petroleum"
    },
    "Imports - partners": {
      "text": "Cote dIvoire 19.6%, France 14.1%, Togo 7.7%, China 4.8%, India 4.7%, Ghana 4.7% (2014)"
    },
    "Reserves of foreign exchange and gold": {
      "text": "$493.6 million (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $628.5 million (31 December 2013 est.)"
    },
    "Debt - external": {
      "text": "$2.974 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $2.669 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
    },
    "Exchange rates": {
      "text": "Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XOF) per US dollar - ++ 491.2 (2014 est.) ++ 494.04 (2013 est.) ++ 510.53 (2012 est.) ++ 471.87 (2011 est.) ++ 495.28 (2010 est.)"
    }
  },
  "Energy": {
    "Electricity - production": {
      "text": "579 million kWh (2011 est.)"
    },
    "Electricity - consumption": {
      "text": "1.033 billion kWh (2011 est.)"
    },
    "Electricity - exports": {
      "text": "0 kWh (2013 est.)"
    },
    "Electricity - imports": {
      "text": "495 million kWh (2011 est.)"
    },
    "Electricity - installed generating capacity": {
      "text": "238,000 kW (2011 est.)"
    },
    "Electricity - from fossil fuels": {
      "text": "86.6% of total installed capacity (2011 est.)"
    },
    "Electricity - from nuclear fuels": {
      "text": "0% of total installed capacity (2011 est.)"
    },
    "Electricity - from hydroelectric plants": {
      "text": "13.4% of total installed capacity (2011 est.)"
    },
    "Electricity - from other renewable sources": {
      "text": "0% of total installed capacity (2011 est.)"
    },
    "Crude oil - production": {
      "text": "0 bbl/day (2013 est.)"
    },
    "Crude oil - exports": {
      "text": "0 bbl/day (2010 est.)"
    },
    "Crude oil - imports": {
      "text": "0 bbl/day (2010 est.)"
    },
    "Crude oil - proved reserves": {
      "text": "0 bbl (1 January 2014 est.)"
    },
    "Refined petroleum products - production": {
      "text": "0 bbl/day (2010 est.)"
    },
    "Refined petroleum products - consumption": {
      "text": "10,250 bbl/day (2013 est.)"
    },
    "Refined petroleum products - exports": {
      "text": "0 bbl/day (2010 est.)"
    },
    "Refined petroleum products - imports": {
      "text": "11,660 bbl/day (2010 est.)"
    },
    "Natural gas - production": {
      "text": "0 cu m (2012 est.)"
    },
    "Natural gas - consumption": {
      "text": "0 cu m (2012 est.)"
    },
    "Natural gas - exports": {
      "text": "0 cu m (2012 est.)"
    },
    "Natural gas - imports": {
      "text": "0 cu m (2012 est.)"
    },
    "Natural gas - proved reserves": {
      "text": "0 cu m (1 January 2014 est.)"
    },
    "Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy": {
      "text": "1.406 million Mt (2012 est.)"
    }
  },
  "Communications": {
    "Telephones - fixed lines": {
      "total subscriptions": {
        "text": "120,000"
      },
      "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
        "text": "1 (2014 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Telephones - mobile cellular": {
      "total": {
        "text": "12.5 million"
      },
      "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
        "text": "68 (2014 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Telephone system": {
      "general assessment": {
        "text": "system includes microwave radio relay, open-wire, and radiotelephone communication stations; in 2006, the government sold a 51% stake in the national telephone company and ultimately plans to retain only a 23% stake in the company"
      },
      "domestic": {
        "text": "fixed-line connections stand at less than 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular usage, fostered by multiple providers, is increasing rapidly from a low base"
      },
      "international": {
        "text": "country code - 226; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2011)"
      }
    },
    "Broadcast media": {
      "text": "2 TV stations - 1 state-owned and 1 privately owned; state-owned radio runs a national and regional network; substantial number of privately owned radio stations; transmissions of several international broadcasters available in Ouagadougou (2007)"
    },
    "Radio broadcast stations": {
      "text": "AM 2, FM 26, shortwave 3 (2007)"
    },
    "Television broadcast stations": {
      "text": "3 (1 national, 2 private)"
    },
    "Internet country code": {
      "text": ".bf"
    },
    "Internet users": {
      "total": {
        "text": "782,400"
      },
      "percent of population": {
        "text": "4.3% (2014 est.)"
      }
    }
  },
  "Transportation": {
    "Airports": {
      "text": "23 (2013)"
    },
    "Airports - with paved runways": {
      "total": {
        "text": "2"
      },
      "over 3,047 m": {
        "text": "1"
      },
      "2,438 to 3,047 m": {
        "text": "1 (2013)"
      }
    },
    "Airports - with unpaved runways": {
      "total": {
        "text": "21"
      },
      "1,524 to 2,437 m": {
        "text": "3"
      },
      "914 to 1,523 m": {
        "text": "13"
      },
      "under 914 m": {
        "text": " ++ 5 (2013)"
      }
    },
    "Railways": {
      "total": {
        "text": "622 km"
      },
      "narrow gauge": {
        "text": "622 km 1.000-m gauge"
      },
      "note": {
        "text": "another 660 km of this railway extends into Cote d'Ivoire (2014)"
      }
    },
    "Roadways": {
      "total": {
        "text": "15,272 km"
      },
      "note": {
        "text": "does not include urban roads (2010)"
      }
    }
  },
  "Military": {
    "Military branches": {
      "text": "Army, Air Force of Burkina Faso (Force Aerienne de Burkina Faso, FABF), National Gendarmerie (2011)"
    },
    "Military service age and obligation": {
      "text": "18 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription; women may serve in supporting roles (2013)"
    },
    "Manpower available for military service": {
      "males age 16-49": {
        "text": "3,735,735 (2010 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Manpower fit for military service": {
      "males age 16-49": {
        "text": "2,366,168"
      },
      "females age 16-49": {
        "text": "2,367,673 (2010 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually": {
      "male": {
        "text": "193,905"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "191,662 (2010 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Military expenditures": {
      "text": "1.39% of GDP (2012) ++ 1.34% of GDP (2011) ++ 1.39% of GDP (2010)"
    }
  },
  "Transnational Issues": {
    "Disputes - international": {
      "text": "adding to illicit cross-border activities, Burkina Faso has issues concerning unresolved boundary alignments with its neighbors; demarcation is currently underway with Mali; the dispute with Niger was referred to the ICJ in 2010, and a dispute over several villages with Benin persists; Benin retains a border dispute with Burkina Faso around the town of Koualou"
    },
    "Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
      "refugees (country of origin)": {
        "text": "33,703 (Mali) (2015)"
      }
    }
  }
}