factbook.json/central-america-n-caribbean/aa.json

{
  "Introduction": {
    "Background": {
      "text": "Discovered and claimed for Spain in 1499, Aruba was acquired by the Dutch in 1636. The island's economy has been dominated by three main industries. A 19th century gold rush was followed by prosperity brought on by the opening in 1924 of an oil refinery. The last decades of the 20th century saw a boom in the tourism industry. Aruba seceded from the Netherlands Antilles in 1986 and became a separate, semi-autonomous member of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. Movement toward full independence was halted at Aruba's request in 1990."
    }
  },
  "Geography": {
    "Location": {
      "text": "Caribbean, island in the Caribbean Sea, north of Venezuela"
    },
    "Geographic coordinates": {
      "text": "12 30 N, 69 58 W"
    },
    "Map references": {
      "text": "Central America and the Caribbean"
    },
    "Area": {
      "total": {
        "text": "180 sq km"
      },
      "land": {
        "text": "180 sq km"
      },
      "water": {
        "text": "0 sq km"
      }
    },
    "Area - comparative": {
      "text": "slightly larger than Washington, DC"
    },
    "Land boundaries": {
      "total": {
        "text": "0 km"
      }
    },
    "Coastline": {
      "text": "68.5 km"
    },
    "Maritime claims": {
      "territorial sea": {
        "text": "12 nm"
      },
      "exclusive economic zone": {
        "text": "200 nm"
      }
    },
    "Climate": {
      "text": "tropical marine; little seasonal temperature variation"
    },
    "Terrain": {
      "text": "flat with a few hills; scant vegetation"
    },
    "Elevation": {
      "highest point": {
        "text": "Ceru Jamanota 188 m"
      },
      "lowest point": {
        "text": "Caribbean Sea 0 m"
      }
    },
    "Natural resources": {
      "text": "NEGL; white sandy beaches foster tourism"
    },
    "Land use": {
      "agricultural land": {
        "text": "11.1% (2018 est.)"
      },
      "agricultural land: arable land": {
        "text": "arable land: 11.1% (2018 est.)"
      },
      "agricultural land: permanent crops": {
        "text": "permanent crops: 0% (2018 est.)"
      },
      "agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
        "text": "permanent pasture: 0% (2018 est.)"
      },
      "forest": {
        "text": "2.3% (2018 est.)"
      },
      "other": {
        "text": "86.6% (2018 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Irrigated land": {
      "text": "NA"
    },
    "Population distribution": {
      "text": "most residents live in or around Oranjestad and San Nicolaas; most settlments tend to be located on the less mountainous western side of the island"
    },
    "Natural hazards": {
      "text": "hurricanes; lies outside the Caribbean hurricane belt and is rarely threatened"
    },
    "Geography - note": {
      "text": "a flat, riverless island renowned for its white sand beaches; its tropical climate is moderated by constant trade winds from the Atlantic Ocean; the temperature is almost constant at about 27 degrees Celsius (81 degrees Fahrenheit)"
    }
  },
  "People and Society": {
    "Population": {
      "text": "123,702 (2023 est.)"
    },
    "Nationality": {
      "noun": {
        "text": "Aruban(s)"
      },
      "adjective": {
        "text": "Aruban; Dutch"
      }
    },
    "Ethnic groups": {
      "text": "Dutch 78.7%, Colombian 6.6%, Venezuelan 5.5%, Dominican 2.8%, Haitian 1.3%, other 5.1% (2020 est.)",
      "note": "<strong>note:</strong> data represent population by nationality"
    },
    "Languages": {
      "text": "Papiamento (official) (a creole language that is a mixture of Portuguese, Spanish, Dutch, English, and, to a lesser extent, French, as well as elements of African languages and the language of the Arawak) 69.4%, Spanish 13.7%, English (widely spoken) 7.1%, Dutch (official) 6.1%, Chinese 1.5%, other 1.7%, unspecified 0.4% (2010 est.)"
    },
    "Religions": {
      "text": "Roman Catholic 75.3%, Protestant 4.9% (includes Methodist 0.9%, Adventist 0.9%, Anglican 0.4%, other Protestant 2.7%), Jehovah's Witness 1.7%, other 12%, none 5.5%, unspecified 0.5% (2010 est.)"
    },
    "Age structure": {
      "0-14 years": {
        "text": "17.32% (male 10,745/female 10,677)"
      },
      "15-64 years": {
        "text": "66.11% (male 39,490/female 42,284)"
      },
      "65 years and over": {
        "text": "16.58% (2023 est.) (male 8,237/female 12,269)"
      }
    },
    "Dependency ratios": {
      "total dependency ratio": {
        "text": "47.8"
      },
      "youth dependency ratio": {
        "text": "24.8"
      },
      "elderly dependency ratio": {
        "text": "23"
      },
      "potential support ratio": {
        "text": "4.4 (2021 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Median age": {
      "total": {
        "text": "39.9 years"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "38.2 years"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "41.5 years (2020 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Population growth rate": {
      "text": "1.11% (2023 est.)"
    },
    "Birth rate": {
      "text": "11.69 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)"
    },
    "Death rate": {
      "text": "8.69 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)"
    },
    "Net migration rate": {
      "text": "8.08 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)"
    },
    "Population distribution": {
      "text": "most residents live in or around Oranjestad and San Nicolaas; most settlments tend to be located on the less mountainous western side of the island"
    },
    "Urbanization": {
      "urban population": {
        "text": "44.3% of total population (2023)"
      },
      "rate of urbanization": {
        "text": "0.77% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Major urban areas - population": {
      "text": "30,000 ORANJESTAD (capital) (2018)"
    },
    "Sex ratio": {
      "at birth": {
        "text": "1.02 male(s)/female"
      },
      "0-14 years": {
        "text": "1.01 male(s)/female"
      },
      "15-64 years": {
        "text": "0.93 male(s)/female"
      },
      "65 years and over": {
        "text": "0.67 male(s)/female"
      },
      "total population": {
        "text": "0.9 male(s)/female (2023 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Infant mortality rate": {
      "total": {
        "text": "11.79 deaths/1,000 live births"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "16.04 deaths/1,000 live births"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "7.45 deaths/1,000 live births (2023 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Life expectancy at birth": {
      "total population": {
        "text": "78.25 years"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "75.19 years"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "81.37 years (2023 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Total fertility rate": {
      "text": "1.82 children born/woman (2023 est.)"
    },
    "Gross reproduction rate": {
      "text": "0.9 (2023 est.)"
    },
    "Contraceptive prevalence rate": {
      "text": "NA"
    },
    "Drinking water source": {
      "improved: urban": {
        "text": "urban: 98.1% of population"
      },
      "improved: rural": {
        "text": "rural: 98.1% of population"
      },
      "improved: total": {
        "text": "total: 98.1% of population"
      },
      "unimproved: urban": {
        "text": "urban: 1.9% of population"
      },
      "unimproved: rural": {
        "text": "rural: 1.9% of population"
      },
      "unimproved: total": {
        "text": "total: 1.9% of population (2015 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Current health expenditure": {
      "text": "NA"
    },
    "Physicians density": {
      "text": "NA"
    },
    "Sanitation facility access": {
      "improved: urban": {
        "text": "urban: 97.7% of population"
      },
      "improved: rural": {
        "text": "rural: 97.7% of population"
      },
      "improved: total": {
        "text": "total: 97.7% of population"
      },
      "unimproved: urban": {
        "text": "urban: 2.3% of population"
      },
      "unimproved: rural": {
        "text": "rural: 2.3% of population"
      },
      "unimproved: total": {
        "text": "total: 2.3% of population (2015 est.)"
      }
    },
    "HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate": {
      "text": "NA"
    },
    "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": {
      "text": "NA"
    },
    "Currently married women (ages 15-49)": {
      "text": "42.1% (2023 est.)"
    },
    "Education expenditures": {
      "text": "5.5% of GDP (2016 est.)"
    },
    "Literacy": {
      "definition": {
        "text": "age 15 and over can read and write"
      },
      "total population": {
        "text": "97.8%"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "97.8%"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "97.8% (2018)"
      }
    },
    "School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
      "total": {
        "text": "14 years"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "13 years"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "14 years (2012)"
      }
    }
  },
  "Environment": {
    "Environment - current issues": {
      "text": "difficulty in properly disposing of waste produced by large numbers of tourists; waste burning that occurs in the landfill causes air pollution and poses an environmental and health risk; ocean environmental damage due to plastic pollution"
    },
    "Air pollutants": {
      "carbon dioxide emissions": {
        "text": "0.88 megatons (2016 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Climate": {
      "text": "tropical marine; little seasonal temperature variation"
    },
    "Land use": {
      "agricultural land": {
        "text": "11.1% (2018 est.)"
      },
      "agricultural land: arable land": {
        "text": "arable land: 11.1% (2018 est.)"
      },
      "agricultural land: permanent crops": {
        "text": "permanent crops: 0% (2018 est.)"
      },
      "agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
        "text": "permanent pasture: 0% (2018 est.)"
      },
      "forest": {
        "text": "2.3% (2018 est.)"
      },
      "other": {
        "text": "86.6% (2018 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Urbanization": {
      "urban population": {
        "text": "44.3% of total population (2023)"
      },
      "rate of urbanization": {
        "text": "0.77% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Revenue from forest resources": {
      "forest revenues": {
        "text": "0% of GDP (2017 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Waste and recycling": {
      "municipal solid waste generated annually": {
        "text": "88,132 tons (2013 est.)"
      },
      "municipal solid waste recycled annually": {
        "text": "9,695 tons (2013 est.)"
      },
      "percent of municipal solid waste recycled": {
        "text": "11% (2013 est.)"
      }
    }
  },
  "Government": {
    "Country name": {
      "conventional long form": {
        "text": "Country of Aruba"
      },
      "conventional short form": {
        "text": "Aruba"
      },
      "local long form": {
        "text": "Land Aruba (Dutch); Pais Aruba (Papiamento)"
      },
      "local short form": {
        "text": "Aruba"
      },
      "etymology": {
        "text": "the origin of the island's name is unclear; according to tradition, the name comes from the Spanish phrase \"oro huba\" (there was gold), but in fact no gold was ever found on the island; another possibility is the native word \"oruba,\" which means \"well-situated\""
      }
    },
    "Government type": {
      "text": "parliamentary democracy; part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands"
    },
    "Dependency status": {
      "text": "constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands; full autonomy in internal affairs obtained in 1986 upon separation from the Netherlands Antilles; Dutch Government responsible for defense and foreign affairs"
    },
    "Capital": {
      "name": {
        "text": "Oranjestad"
      },
      "geographic coordinates": {
        "text": "12 31 N, 70 02 W"
      },
      "time difference": {
        "text": "UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
      },
      "etymology": {
        "text": "translates as \"orange town\" in Dutch; the city is named after William I (1533-1584), Prince of Orange, the first ruler of the Netherlands"
      }
    },
    "Administrative divisions": {
      "text": "none (part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)",
      "note": "<strong>note:</strong> Aruba is one of four constituent countries of the Kingdom of the Netherlands; the other three are the Netherlands, Curacao, and Sint Maarten"
    },
    "Independence": {
      "text": "none (part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)"
    },
    "National holiday": {
      "text": "National Anthem and Flag Day, 18 March (1976)"
    },
    "Constitution": {
      "history": {
        "text": "previous 1947, 1955; latest drafted and approved August 1985, enacted 1 January 1986 (regulates governance of Aruba but is subordinate to the Charter for the Kingdom of the Netherlands); in 1986,&nbsp;Aruba became a semi-autonomous entity within the Kingdom of the Netherlands"
      }
    },
    "Legal system": {
      "text": "civil law system based on the Dutch civil code"
    },
    "Citizenship": {
      "text": "see the Netherlands"
    },
    "Suffrage": {
      "text": "18 years of age; universal"
    },
    "Executive branch": {
      "chief of state": {
        "text": "King WILLEM-ALEXANDER of the Netherlands (since 30 April 2013); represented by Governor General Alfonso BOEKHOUDT (since 1 January 2017)"
      },
      "head of government": {
        "text": "Prime Minister Evelyn WEVER-CROES (since 17 November 2017)"
      },
      "cabinet": {
        "text": "Council of Ministers elected by the Legislature (Staten)"
      },
      "elections/appointments": {
        "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch for a 6-year term; prime minister and deputy prime minister indirectly elected by the Staten for 4-year term; election last held on 25 June 2021 (next to be held by June 2026)"
      },
      "election results": {
        "text": "as leader of the majority party of the ruling coalition, Evelyn WEVER-CROES (MEP) elected prime minister; percent of legislative vote - NA"
      }
    },
    "Legislative branch": {
      "description": {
        "text": "unicameral Legislature or Staten (21 seats; members directly elected in a single nationwide constituency by proportional representation vote; members serve 4-year terms)"
      },
      "elections": {
        "text": "last held on 25 June 2021 (next to be held in June 2025)"
      },
      "election results": {
        "text": "percent of vote by party MEP 35.3%, AVP 31.3%, ROOTS 9.4%, MAS 8%, Accion21 5.8%; seats by party - MEP 9, AVP 7, ROOTS 2, MAS 2, Accion21 1; composition - men 13, women 8, percent of women 38.1%"
      }
    },
    "Judicial branch": {
      "highest court(s)": {
        "text": "Joint Court of Justice of Aruba, Curacao, Sint Maarten, and of Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba or \"Joint Court of Justice\" (sits as a 3-judge panel); final appeals heard by the Supreme Court in The Hague, Netherlands"
      },
      "judge selection and term of office": {
        "text": "Joint Court judges appointed for life by the monarch"
      },
      "subordinate courts": {
        "text": "&nbsp;Court in First Instance"
      }
    },
    "Political parties and leaders": {
      "text": "Accion21 [Miguel MANSUR]<br>Aruban People's Party or AVP [Michiel \"Mike\" EMAN]<br>Democratic Network or RED [Ricardo CROES]<br>Movimiento Aruba Soberano (Aruban Sovereignty Movement) or MAS [Marisol LOPEZ-TROMP]<br>People's Electoral Movement Party or MEP [Evelyn WEVER-CROES]<br>Pueblo Orguyoso y Respeta or POR [Alan Howell]<br>RAIZ (ROOTS) [Ursell ARENDS]"
    },
    "International organization participation": {
      "text": "Caricom (observer), FATF, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, ITUC (NGOs), UNESCO (associate), UNWTO (associate), UPU"
    },
    "Diplomatic representation in the US": {
      "chief of mission": {
        "text": "none (represented by the Kingdom of the Netherlands)"
      }
    },
    "Diplomatic representation from the US": {
      "embassy": {
        "text": "the US does not have an embassy in Aruba; the Consul General to Curacao is accredited to Aruba"
      }
    },
    "Flag description": {
      "text": "blue, with two narrow, horizontal, yellow stripes across the lower portion and a red, four-pointed star outlined in white in the upper hoist-side corner; the star represents Aruba and its red soil and white beaches, its four points the four major languages (Papiamento, Dutch, Spanish, English) as well as the four points of a compass, to indicate that its inhabitants come from all over the world; the blue symbolizes Caribbean waters and skies; the stripes represent the island's two main \"industries\": the flow of tourists to the sun-drenched beaches and the flow of minerals from the earth"
    },
    "National symbol(s)": {
      "text": "Hooiberg (Haystack) Hill; national colors: blue, yellow, red, white"
    },
    "National anthem": {
      "name": {
        "text": "\"Aruba Deshi Tera\" (Aruba Precious Country)"
      },
      "lyrics/music": {
        "text": "Juan Chabaya 'Padu' LAMPE/Rufo Inocencio WEVER"
      },
      "note": "<strong>note:</strong> local anthem adopted 1986; as part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, \"Het Wilhelmus\" is official (see Netherlands)"
    }
  },
  "Economy": {
    "Economic overview": {
      "text": "small, tourism-dependent, territorial-island economy; very high public debt; COVID-19 crippled economic activity; partial recovery underway via tourism, benefitting from its high amount of timeshare residences; considering reopening oil refinery"
    },
    "Real GDP (purchasing power parity)": {
      "Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2021": {
        "text": "$4.141 billion (2021 est.)"
      },
      "Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2020": {
        "text": "$3.534 billion (2020 est.)"
      },
      "Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2019": {
        "text": "$4.341 billion (2019 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Real GDP growth rate": {
      "Real GDP growth rate 2021": {
        "text": "17.17% (2021 est.)"
      },
      "Real GDP growth rate 2020": {
        "text": "-18.59% (2020 est.)"
      },
      "Real GDP growth rate 2019": {
        "text": "0.64% (2019 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Real GDP per capita": {
      "Real GDP per capita 2021": {
        "text": "$38,900 (2021 est.)"
      },
      "Real GDP per capita 2020": {
        "text": "$33,200 (2020 est.)"
      },
      "Real GDP per capita 2019": {
        "text": "$40,800 (2019 est.)"
      }
    },
    "GDP (official exchange rate)": {
      "text": "$2.7 billion (2017 est.)"
    },
    "Inflation rate (consumer prices)": {
      "Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2019": {
        "text": "4.26% (2019 est.)"
      },
      "Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2018": {
        "text": "3.63% (2018 est.)"
      },
      "Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2017": {
        "text": "-1.03% (2017 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Credit ratings": {
      "Fitch rating": {
        "text": "BB (2020)"
      },
      "Standard & Poors rating": {
        "text": "BBB+ (2013)"
      },
      "note": "<strong>note: </strong>The year refers to the year in which the current credit rating was first obtained."
    },
    "GDP - composition, by sector of origin": {
      "agriculture": {
        "text": "0.4% (2002 est.)"
      },
      "industry": {
        "text": "33.3% (2002 est.)"
      },
      "services": {
        "text": "66.3% (2002 est.)"
      }
    },
    "GDP - composition, by end use": {
      "household consumption": {
        "text": "60.3% (2014 est.)"
      },
      "government consumption": {
        "text": "25.3% (2015 est.)"
      },
      "investment in fixed capital": {
        "text": "22.3% (2014 est.)"
      },
      "investment in inventories": {
        "text": "0% (2015 est.)"
      },
      "exports of goods and services": {
        "text": "70.5% (2015 est.)"
      },
      "imports of goods and services": {
        "text": "-76.6% (2015 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Agricultural products": {
      "text": "aloes; livestock; fish"
    },
    "Industries": {
      "text": "tourism, petroleum transshipment facilities, banking"
    },
    "Industrial production growth rate": {
      "text": "NA"
    },
    "Labor force": {
      "text": "51,610 (2007 est.)",
      "note": "<strong>note:</strong> of the 51,610 workers aged 15 and over in the labor force, 32,252 were born in Aruba and 19,353 came from abroad; foreign workers are 38% of the employed population"
    },
    "Labor force - by occupation": {
      "agriculture": {
        "text": "NA"
      },
      "industry": {
        "text": "NA"
      },
      "services": {
        "text": "NA"
      },
      "note": "<strong>note:</strong> most employment is in wholesale and retail trade, followed by hotels and restaurants"
    },
    "Unemployment rate": {
      "Unemployment rate 2016": {
        "text": "7.7% (2016 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Population below poverty line": {
      "text": "NA"
    },
    "Household income or consumption by percentage share": {
      "lowest 10%": {
        "text": "NA"
      },
      "highest 10%": {
        "text": "NA"
      }
    },
    "Budget": {
      "revenues": {
        "text": "$681.6 million (2017 est.)"
      },
      "expenditures": {
        "text": "$755.5 million (2017 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)": {
      "text": "-2.7% (of GDP) (2017 est.)"
    },
    "Public debt": {
      "Public debt 2017": {
        "text": "86% of GDP (2017 est.)"
      },
      "Public debt 2016": {
        "text": "84.7% of GDP (2016 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Taxes and other revenues": {
      "text": "25.2% (of GDP) (2017 est.)"
    },
    "Fiscal year": {
      "text": "calendar year"
    },
    "Current account balance": {
      "Current account balance 2021": {
        "text": "$79.257 million (2021 est.)"
      },
      "Current account balance 2020": {
        "text": "-$316.455 million (2020 est.)"
      },
      "Current account balance 2019": {
        "text": "$84.797 million (2019 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Exports": {
      "Exports 2021": {
        "text": "$2.201 billion (2021 est.)"
      },
      "Exports 2020": {
        "text": "$1.444 billion (2020 est.)"
      },
      "Exports 2019": {
        "text": "$2.562 billion (2019 est.)"
      },
      "note": "<strong>note:</strong> Data are in current year dollars and do not include illicit exports or re-exports."
    },
    "Exports - partners": {
      "text": "Malaysia 57%, United States 11%, Netherlands 6%, Jordan 6%, Venezuela 5% (2019)"
    },
    "Exports - commodities": {
      "text": "refined petroleum, liquors, scrap iron, soap, tobacco (2019)"
    },
    "Imports": {
      "Imports 2021": {
        "text": "$1.947 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars"
      },
      "Imports 2020": {
        "text": "$1.644 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars"
      },
      "Imports 2019": {
        "text": "$2.24 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars"
      }
    },
    "Imports - partners": {
      "text": "United States 48%, Netherlands 16% (2019)"
    },
    "Imports - commodities": {
      "text": "refined petroleum, jewelry, cars, vehicle parts, tobacco products (2019)"
    },
    "Reserves of foreign exchange and gold": {
      "Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 31 December 2021": {
        "text": "$1.513 billion (31 December 2021 est.)"
      },
      "Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 31 December 2020": {
        "text": "$1.213 billion (31 December 2020 est.)"
      },
      "Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 31 December 2019": {
        "text": "$982.3 million (31 December 2019 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Debt - external": {
      "Debt - external 31 December 2014": {
        "text": "$693.2 million (31 December 2014 est.)"
      },
      "Debt - external 31 December 2013": {
        "text": "$666.4 million (31 December 2013 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Exchange rates": {
      "Currency": {
        "text": "Aruban guilders/florins per US dollar -"
      },
      "Exchange rates 2021": {
        "text": "1.79 (2021 est.)"
      },
      "Exchange rates 2020": {
        "text": "1.79 (2020 est.)"
      },
      "Exchange rates 2019": {
        "text": "1.79 (2019 est.)"
      },
      "Exchange rates 2018": {
        "text": "1.79 (2018 est.)"
      },
      "Exchange rates 2017": {
        "text": "1.79 (2017 est.)"
      }
    }
  },
  "Energy": {
    "Electricity access": {
      "electrification - total population": {
        "text": "100% (2020)"
      }
    },
    "Electricity": {
      "installed generating capacity": {
        "text": "296,000 kW (2020 est.)"
      },
      "consumption": {
        "text": "909.442 million kWh (2019 est.)"
      },
      "exports": {
        "text": "0 kWh (2020 est.)"
      },
      "imports": {
        "text": "0 kWh (2020 est.)"
      },
      "transmission/distribution losses": {
        "text": "10.27 million kWh (2019 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Electricity generation sources": {
      "fossil fuels": {
        "text": "83.3% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)"
      },
      "nuclear": {
        "text": "0% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)"
      },
      "solar": {
        "text": "1.2% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)"
      },
      "wind": {
        "text": "15.4% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)"
      },
      "hydroelectricity": {
        "text": "0% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)"
      },
      "tide and wave": {
        "text": "0% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)"
      },
      "geothermal": {
        "text": "0% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)"
      },
      "biomass and waste": {
        "text": "0% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Coal": {
      "production": {
        "text": "0 metric tons (2020 est.)"
      },
      "consumption": {
        "text": "0 metric tons (2020 est.)"
      },
      "exports": {
        "text": "0 metric tons (2020 est.)"
      },
      "imports": {
        "text": "0 metric tons (2020 est.)"
      },
      "proven reserves": {
        "text": "0 metric tons (2019 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Petroleum": {
      "total petroleum production": {
        "text": "0 bbl/day (2021 est.)"
      },
      "refined petroleum consumption": {
        "text": "8,100 bbl/day (2019 est.)"
      },
      "crude oil and lease condensate exports": {
        "text": "0 bbl/day (2018 est.)"
      },
      "crude oil and lease condensate imports": {
        "text": "0 bbl/day (2018 est.)"
      },
      "crude oil estimated reserves": {
        "text": "0 barrels (2021 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Refined petroleum products - production": {
      "text": "0 bbl/day (2015 est.)"
    },
    "Refined petroleum products - exports": {
      "text": "0 bbl/day (2015 est.)"
    },
    "Refined petroleum products - imports": {
      "text": "7,891 bbl/day (2015 est.)"
    },
    "Natural gas": {
      "production": {
        "text": "0 cubic meters (2021 est.)"
      },
      "consumption": {
        "text": "0 cubic meters (2021 est.)"
      },
      "exports": {
        "text": "0 cubic meters (2021 est.)"
      },
      "imports": {
        "text": "0 cubic meters (2021 est.)"
      },
      "proven reserves": {
        "text": "0 cubic meters (2021 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Carbon dioxide emissions": {
      "total emissions": {
        "text": "1.254 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)"
      },
      "from coal and metallurgical coke": {
        "text": "0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)"
      },
      "from petroleum and other liquids": {
        "text": "1.254 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)"
      },
      "from consumed natural gas": {
        "text": "0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Energy consumption per capita": {
      "Total energy consumption per capita 2019": {
        "text": "174.629 million Btu/person (2019 est.)"
      }
    }
  },
  "Communications": {
    "Telephones - fixed lines": {
      "total subscriptions": {
        "text": "35,000 (2020 est.)"
      },
      "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
        "text": "33 (2020 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Telephones - mobile cellular": {
      "total subscriptions": {
        "text": "141,000 (2020 est.)"
      },
      "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
        "text": "132 (2020 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Telecommunication systems": {
      "general assessment": {
        "text": "the telecom sector has seen a decline in subscriber numbers (particularly for prepaid mobile services the mainstay of short term visitors) and revenue; fixed and mobile broadband services are two areas that have benefited from the crisis as employees and students have resorted to working from home; one area of the telecom market that is not prepared for growth is 5G mobile; governments, regulators, and even the mobile network operators have shown that they have not been investing in 5G opportunities at the present time; network expansion and enhancements remain concentrated around improving LTE coverage (2021)"
      },
      "domestic": {
        "text": "33 per 100 fixed-line telephone subscriptions and 132 per 100 mobile-cellular (2020)"
      },
      "international": {
        "text": "country code - 297; landing&nbsp;points for the PAN-AM, PCCS, Deep Blue Cable, and Alonso de Ojeda&nbsp;submarine telecommunications cable system that extends from Trinidad and Tobago, Florida,&nbsp;Puerto Ricco,&nbsp;Jamaica, Guyana, Sint Eustatius &amp; Saba, Suriname, Dominican Republic, BVI, USVI, Haiti, Cayman Islands, the Netherlands Antilles,&nbsp; through Aruba to Panama, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Chile; extensive interisland microwave radio relay links (2019)"
      },
      "note": "<strong>note:</strong> the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced a downturn, particularly in mobile device production; progress toward 5G implementation has resumed, as well as upgrades to infrastructure; consumer spending on telecom services has increased due to the surge in demand for capacity and bandwidth; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home is still evident, and the spike in this area has seen growth opportunities for development of new tools and increased services"
    },
    "Broadcast media": {
      "text": "2 commercial TV stations; cable TV subscription service provides access to foreign channels; about 19 commercial radio stations broadcast (2017)"
    },
    "Internet country code": {
      "text": ".aw"
    },
    "Internet users": {
      "total": {
        "text": "103,121 (2019 est.)"
      },
      "percent of population": {
        "text": "97% (2019 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
      "total": {
        "text": "19,000 (2020 est.)"
      },
      "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
        "text": "18 (2020 est.)"
      }
    }
  },
  "Transportation": {
    "National air transport system": {
      "number of registered air carriers": {
        "text": "3 (2020)"
      },
      "inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers": {
        "text": "19"
      },
      "annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers": {
        "text": "274,280 (2018)"
      }
    },
    "Civil aircraft registration country code prefix": {
      "text": "P4"
    },
    "Airports": {
      "total": {
        "text": "1 (2021)"
      }
    },
    "Airports - with paved runways": {
      "total": {
        "text": "1"
      },
      "2,438 to 3,047 m": {
        "text": "1 (2021)"
      }
    },
    "Roadways": {
      "total": {
        "text": "1,000 km (2010)"
      }
    },
    "Merchant marine": {
      "total": {
        "text": "1"
      },
      "by type": {
        "text": "other 1 (2021)"
      }
    },
    "Ports and terminals": {
      "major seaport(s)": {
        "text": "Barcadera, Oranjestad"
      },
      "oil terminal(s)": {
        "text": "Sint Nicolaas"
      },
      "cruise port(s)": {
        "text": "Oranjestad"
      }
    }
  },
  "Military and Security": {
    "Military and security forces": {
      "text": "no regular military forces; Aruban Militia (ARUMIL) (2022)"
    },
    "Military - note": {
      "text": "defense is the responsibility of the Kingdom of the Netherlands; the Aruba security services focus on organized crime and terrorism; the Dutch Government controls foreign and defense policy; the Dutch Caribbean Coast Guard (DCCG) provides maritime security"
    }
  },
  "Transnational Issues": {
    "Disputes - international": {
      "text": "<p>none identified</p>"
    },
    "Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
      "refugees (country of origin)": {
        "text": "17,000 (Venezuela) (2021)"
      }
    },
    "Trafficking in persons": {
      "tier rating": {
        "text": "Tier 2 Watch List &mdash; Aruba does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking but is making significant efforts to do so; the government identified more potential victims, investigated more trafficking cases, and produced a new awareness campaign; however, the government did not demonstrate overall increasing efforts, compared to the previous reporting period, on its anti-trafficking capacity; authorities did not prosecute or convict any traffickers for the third consecutive year and sometimes relied on victims to self-identify; efforts depended on ad hoc funding, limiting key initiatives; officials conflated trafficking in persons and migrant smuggling, hindering the effectiveness of anti-trafficking efforts; because the government has devoted significant resources to a plan that, if implemented, would constitute significant efforts to meet minimum standards, Aruba was granted a waiver per the TVPA and thus remained on the Tier 2 Watch List for a third consecutive year (2022)"
      },
      "trafficking profile": {
        "text": "<p>human traffickers exploit domestic and foreign victims; traffickers exploit Venezuelan women in sex trafficking, and foreign men and women are subject to forced labor in Aruba’s services and construction sectors; Venezuelans overstaying visas are at risk of forced labor in domestic service, construction, and commercial sex; Chinese men and women and Indian men are subject to forced labor in retail businesses and domestic service; Arubans force Caribbean and South American women into domestic servitude; officials reported increases in forced criminality, where traffickers compel victims to commit unlawful acts, such as robberies and drug-related offenses (2022)</p>"
      }
    },
    "Illicit drugs": {
      "text": "<p>northbound transshipment point for cocaine from Colombia and Venezuela; Cocaine shipped to the United States, other Caribbean islands, Africa, and Europe</p>"
    }
  }
}