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612 lines
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28 KiB
JSON
612 lines
No EOL
28 KiB
JSON
{
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"intro": {
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"background": {
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"text": "French Cameroon became independent in 1960 as the Republic of Cameroon. The following year the southern portion of neighboring British Cameroon voted to merge with the new country to form the Federal Republic of Cameroon. In 1972, a new constitution replaced the federation with a unitary state, the United Republic of Cameroon. The country has generally enjoyed stability, which has permitted the development of agriculture, roads, and railways, as well as a petroleum industry. Despite slow movement toward democratic reform, political power remains firmly in the hands of President Paul BIYA."
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}
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},
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"geo": {
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"location": {
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"text": "Central Africa, bordering the Bight of Biafra, between Equatorial Guinea and Nigeria"
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},
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"geographic_coordinates": {
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"text": "6 00 N, 12 00 E"
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},
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"map_references": {
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"text": "Africa"
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},
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"area": {
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"total": "475,440 sq km",
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"land": "472,710 sq km",
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"water": "2,730 sq km"
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},
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"area_comparative": {
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"text": "slightly larger than California"
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},
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"land_boundaries": {
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"total": "4,591 km",
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"border_countries": "Central African Republic 797 km, Chad 1,094 km, Republic of the Congo 523 km, Equatorial Guinea 189 km, Gabon 298 km, Nigeria 1,690 km"
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},
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"coastline": {
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"text": "402 km"
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},
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"maritime_claims": {
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"territorial_sea": "12 nm",
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"contiguous_zone": "24 nm"
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},
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"climate": {
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"text": "varies with terrain, from tropical along coast to semiarid and hot in north"
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},
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"terrain": {
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"text": "diverse, with coastal plain in southwest, dissected plateau in center, mountains in west, plains in north"
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},
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"elevation_extremes": {
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"lowest_point": "Atlantic Ocean 0 m",
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"highest_point": "Fako 4,095 m (on Mt. Cameroon)"
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},
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"natural_resources": {
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"text": "petroleum, bauxite, iron ore, timber, hydropower"
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},
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"land_use": {
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"arable_land": "13.04%",
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"permanent_crops": "2.94%",
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"other": "84.01% (2011)"
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},
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"irrigated_land": {
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"text": "256.5 sq km (2003)"
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},
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"total_renewable_water_resources": {
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"text": "285.5 cu km (2011)"
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},
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"freshwater_withdrawal_domestic_industrial_agricultural": {
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"total": "0.97 cu km/yr (23%/10%/68%)",
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"per_capita": "58.9 cu m/yr (2005)"
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},
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"natural_hazards": {
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"text": "volcanic activity with periodic releases of poisonous gases from Lake Nyos and Lake Monoun volcanoes",
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"volcanism": "Mt. Cameroon (elev. 4,095 m), which last erupted in 2000, is the most frequently active volcano in West Africa; lakes in Oku volcanic field have released fatal levels of gas on occasion, killing some 1,700 people in 1986"
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},
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"environment_current_issues": {
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"text": "waterborne diseases are prevalent; deforestation; overgrazing; desertification; poaching; overfishing"
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},
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"environment_international_agreements": {
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"party_to": "Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling",
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"signed_but_not_ratified": "none of the selected agreements"
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},
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"geography_note": {
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"text": "sometimes referred to as the hinge of Africa; throughout the country there are areas of thermal springs and indications of current or prior volcanic activity; Mount Cameroon, the highest mountain in Sub-Saharan west Africa, is an active volcano"
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}
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},
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"people": {
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"nationality": {
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"noun": "Cameroonian(s)",
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"adjective": "Cameroonian"
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},
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"ethnic_groups": {
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"text": "Cameroon Highlanders 31%, Equatorial Bantu 19%, Kirdi 11%, Fulani 10%, Northwestern Bantu 8%, Eastern Nigritic 7%, other African 13%, non-African less than 1%"
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},
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"languages": {
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"text": "24 major African language groups, English (official), French (official)"
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},
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"religions": {
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"text": "indigenous beliefs 40%, Christian 40%, Muslim 20%"
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},
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"population": {
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"text": "20,549,221 (July 2013 est.)",
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"note": "estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality, higher death rates, lower population growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected"
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},
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"age_structure": {
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"0_14_years": "40% (male 4,151,140/female 4,076,797)",
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"15_24_years": "20.3% (male 2,107,067/female 2,066,718)",
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"25_54_years": "31.9% (male 3,317,740/female 3,240,609)",
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"55_64_years": "4.3% (male 419,751/female 468,077)",
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"65_years_and_over": "3.4% (male 319,597/female 381,725) (2013 est.)"
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},
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"dependency_ratios": {
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"total_dependency_ratio": "85.8 %",
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"youth_dependency_ratio": "79.8 %",
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"elderly_dependency_ratio": "6 %",
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"potential_support_ratio": "16.7 (2013)"
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},
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"median_age": {
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"total": "19.7 years",
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"male": "19.6 years",
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"female": "19.8 years (2013 est.)"
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},
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"population_growth_rate": {
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"text": "2.04% (2013 est.)"
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},
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"birth_rate": {
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"text": "31.93 births/1,000 population (2013 est.)"
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},
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"death_rate": {
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"text": "11.51 deaths/1,000 population (2013 est.)"
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},
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"net_migration_rate": {
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"text": "0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2013 est.)"
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},
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"urbanization": {
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"urban_population": "52.1% of total population (2011)",
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"rate_of_urbanization": "3.23% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)"
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},
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"major_urban_areas_population": {
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"text": "YAOUNDE (capital) 2.432 million; Douala 2.053 million (2011)"
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},
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"sex_ratio": {
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"at_birth": "1.03 male(s)/female",
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"0_14_years": "1.02 male(s)/female",
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"15_24_years": "1.02 male(s)/female",
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"25_54_years": "1.02 male(s)/female",
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"55_64_years": "0.9 male(s)/female",
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"65_years_and_over": "0.84 male(s)/female",
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"total_population": "1.01 male(s)/female (2013 est.)"
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},
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"mother_s_mean_age_at_first_birth": {
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"text": "19.4 (2004 est.)"
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},
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"maternal_mortality_rate": {
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"text": "690 deaths/100,000 live births (2010)"
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},
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"infant_mortality_rate": {
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"total": "58.51 deaths/1,000 live births",
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"male": "62.92 deaths/1,000 live births",
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"female": "53.96 deaths/1,000 live births (2013 est.)"
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},
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"life_expectancy_at_birth": {
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"total_population": "55.02 years",
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"male": "54.1 years",
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"female": "55.95 years (2013 est.)"
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},
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"total_fertility_rate": {
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"text": "4 children born/woman (2013 est.)"
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},
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"contraceptive_prevalence_rate": {
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"text": "23.4% (2011)"
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},
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"health_expenditures": {
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"text": "5.1% of GDP (2010)"
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},
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"physicians_density": {
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"text": "0.19 physicians/1,000 population (2004)"
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},
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"hospital_bed_density": {
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"text": "1.3 beds/1,000 population (2010)"
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},
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"drinking_water_source": {
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"improved": "urban: 95% of population; rural: 52% of population; total: 77% of population",
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"unimproved": "urban: 5% of population; rural: 48% of population; total: 23% of population (2010 est.)"
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},
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"sanitation_facility_access": {
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"improved": "urban: 58% of population; rural: 36% of population; total: 49% of population",
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"unimproved": "urban: 42% of population; rural: 64% of population; total: 51% of population (2010 est.)"
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},
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"hiv_aids_adult_prevalence_rate": {
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"text": "5.3% (2009 est.)"
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},
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"hiv_aids_people_living_with_hiv_aids": {
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"text": "610,000 (2009 est.)"
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},
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"hiv_aids_deaths": {
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"text": "37,000 (2009 est.)"
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},
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"major_infectious_diseases": {
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"degree_of_risk": "very high",
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"food_or_waterborne_diseases": "bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever",
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"vectorborne_diseases": "malaria, dengue fever, and yellow fever",
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"water_contact_disease": "schistosomiasis",
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"respiratory_disease": "meningococcal meningitis",
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"animal_contact_disease": "rabies (2013)"
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},
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"obesity_adult_prevalence_rate": {
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"text": "10.3% (2008)"
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},
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"children_under_the_age_of_5_years_underweight": {
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"text": "16.6% (2006)"
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},
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"education_expenditures": {
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"text": "3.2% of GDP (2011)"
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},
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"literacy": {
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"definition": "age 15 and over can read and write",
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"total_population": "71.3%",
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"male": "78.3%",
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"female": "64.8% (2010 est.)"
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},
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"school_life_expectancy_primary_to_tertiary_education": {
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"total": "12 years",
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"male": "12 years",
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"female": "11 years (2011)"
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},
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"child_labor_children_ages_5_14": {
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"total_number": "1,396,281",
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"percentage": "31 % (2006 est.)"
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}
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},
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"govt": {
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"country_name": {
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"conventional_long_form": "Republic of Cameroon",
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"conventional_short_form": "Cameroon",
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"local_long_form": "Republique du Cameroun/Republic of Cameroon",
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"local_short_form": "Cameroun/Cameroon",
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"former": "French Cameroon, British Cameroon, Federal Republic of Cameroon, United Republic of Cameroon"
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},
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"government_type": {
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"text": "republic; multiparty presidential regime"
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},
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"capital": {
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"name": "Yaounde",
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"geographic_coordinates": "3 52 N, 11 31 E",
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"time_difference": "UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)"
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},
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"administrative_divisions": {
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"text": "10 regions (regions, singular - region); Adamaoua, Centre, East (Est), Far North (Extreme-Nord), Littoral, North (Nord), North-West (Nord-Ouest), West (Ouest), South (Sud), South-West (Sud-Ouest)"
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},
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"independence": {
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"text": "1 January 1960 (from French-administered UN trusteeship)"
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},
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"national_holiday": {
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"text": "Republic Day (National Day), 20 May (1972)"
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},
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"constitution": {
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"text": "approved by referendum 20 May 1972; adopted 2 June 1972; revised January 1996; amended April 2008"
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},
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"legal_system": {
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"text": "mixed legal system of English common law, French civil law, and customary law"
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},
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"international_law_organization_participation": {
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"text": "accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction; non-party state to the ICCt"
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},
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"suffrage": {
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"text": "20 years of age; universal"
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},
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"executive_branch": {
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"chief_of_state": "President Paul BIYA (since 6 November 1982)",
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"head_of_government": "Prime Minister Philemon YANG (since 30 June 2009)",
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"cabinet": "Cabinet appointed by the president from proposals submitted by the prime minister",
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"elections": "president elected by popular vote for a seven-year term (with no term limits per 2008 constitutional amendment); election last held on 9 October 2011 (next to be held in October 2018); prime minister appointed by the president",
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"election_results": "President Paul BIYA reelected; percent of vote - Paul BIYA 78.0%, John FRU NDI 10.7%, Garga Haman ADJI 3.2%, Adamou Ndam NJOYA 1.7%, Paul Abine AYAH 1.3%, other 5.1%"
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},
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"legislative_branch": {
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"text": "unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (180 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote to serve five-year terms); note - the president can either lengthen or shorten the term of the legislature",
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"elections": "last held on 22 July 2007 (next to be held on 30 September 2013)",
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"election_results": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - CPDM 140, SDF 14, UDC 4, UNDP 4, MP 1, vacant 17",
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"note": "the constitution calls for an upper chamber for the legislature, to be called a Senate, but it has yet to be established"
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},
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"judicial_branch": {
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"highest_courts": "Supreme Court of Cameroon (consists of 9 titular and 6 surrogate judges and organized into judicial, administrative, and audit chambers); Constitutional Council (consists of 11 members)",
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"judge_selection_and_term_of_office": "Supreme Court judges appointed by the president with the advice of the Higher Judicial Council of Cameroon (a body chaired by the president and includes the minister of justice, selected magistrates, and representatives of the National Assembly); judge term NA; Constitutional Council members appointed by the president for single 9-year terms",
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"subordinate_courts": "Parliamentary Court of Justice (jurisdiction limited to cases involving the president and prime minister); appellate and first instance courts; circuit and magistrate's courts"
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},
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"political_parties_and_leaders": {
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"text": "Cameroon People's Democratic Movement or CPDM [Paul BIYA]; Cameroon People's Party [Edith Kah WALLA]; Cameroonian Democratic Union or UDC [Adamou Ndam NJOYA]; Movement for the Defense of the Republic or MDR [Dakole DAISSALA]; Movement for the Liberation and Development of Cameroon or MLDC [Marcel YONDO]; National Union for Democracy and Progress or UNDP [Maigari BELLO BOUBA]; Progressive Movement or MP; Social Democratic Front or SDF [John FRU NDI]; Union of Peoples of Cameroon or UPC [Augustin Frederic KODOCK]"
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},
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"political_pressure_groups_and_leaders": {
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"text": "Human Rights Defense Group [Albert MUKONG, president]; Southern Cameroon National Council [Ayamba Ette OTUN]"
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},
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"international_organization_participation": {
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"text": "ACP, AfDB, AU, BDEAC, C, CEMAC, EITI (candidate country), FAO, FZ, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MONUSCO, NAM, OIC, OIF, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
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},
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"diplomatic_representation_in_the_us": {
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"chief_of_mission": "Ambassador Joseph FOE-ATANGANA",
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"chancery": "2349 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008; current temporary address - 3400 International Drive NW, Washington, DC 20008",
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"telephone": "[1] (202) 265-8790",
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"fax": "[1] (202) 387-3826"
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},
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"diplomatic_representation_from_the_us": {
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"chief_of_mission": "Ambassador Robert P. JACKSON",
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"embassy": "Avenue Rosa Parks, Yaounde",
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"mailing_address": "P. O. Box 817, Yaounde; pouch: American Embassy, US Department of State, Washington, DC 20521-2520",
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"telephone": "[237] 2220 15 00; Consular: [237] 2220 16 03",
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"fax": "[237] 2220 15 00 Ext. 4531; Consular FAX: [237] 2220 17 52",
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"branch_offices": "Douala"
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},
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"flag_description": {
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"text": "three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), red, and yellow, with a yellow five-pointed star centered in the red band; the vertical tricolor recalls the flag of France; red symbolizes unity, yellow the sun, happiness, and the savannahs in the north, and green hope and the forests in the south; the star is referred to as the \"star of unity\"",
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"note": "uses the popular Pan-African colors of Ethiopia"
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},
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"national_symbols": {
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"text": "lion"
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},
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"national_anthem": {
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"name": "\"O Cameroun, Berceau de nos Ancetres\" (O Cameroon, Cradle of Our Forefathers)",
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"lyrics_music": "Rene Djam AFAME, Samuel Minkio BAMBA, Moise Nyatte NKO'O [French], Benard Nsokika FONLON [English]/Rene Djam AFAME",
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"note": "adopted 1957; Cameroon's anthem, also known as \"Chant de Ralliement\" (The Rallying Song), has been used unofficially since 1948 and officially adopted in 1957; the anthem has French and English versions whose lyrics differ"
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}
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},
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"econ": {
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"economy_overview": {
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"text": "Because of its modest oil resources and favorable agricultural conditions, Cameroon has one of the best-endowed primary commodity economies in sub-Saharan Africa. Still, it faces many of the serious problems confronting other underdeveloped countries, such as stagnant per capita income, a relatively inequitable distribution of income, a top-heavy civil service, endemic corruption, and a generally unfavorable climate for business enterprise. Since 1990, the government has embarked on various IMF and World Bank programs designed to spur business investment, increase efficiency in agriculture, improve trade, and recapitalize the nation's banks. The IMF is pressing for more reforms, including increased budget transparency, privatization, and poverty reduction programs. Subsidies for electricity, food, and fuel have strained the budget. Cameroon recently began several large infrastructure projects, including a deep sea port in Kribi, a natural gas powered electricity generating plant, and several hydroelectric dams. Cameroon must attract more investment to improve its inadequate infrastructure, but its business environment is a deterrent to foreign investment."
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},
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"gdp_purchasing_power_parity": {
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"text": "$51.61 billion (2012 est.); $49.27 billion (2011 est.); $47.33 billion (2010 est.)",
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"note": "data are in 2012 US dollars"
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},
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"gdp_official_exchange_rate": {
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"text": "$25.01 billion (2012 est.)"
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},
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"gdp_real_growth_rate": {
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"text": "4.7% (2012 est.); 4.1% (2011 est.); 3.3% (2010 est.)"
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},
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"gdp_per_capita_ppp": {
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"text": "$2,400 (2012 est.); $2,400 (2011 est.); $2,300 (2010 est.)",
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"note": "data are in 2012 US dollars"
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},
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"gross_national_saving": {
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"text": "20.8% of GDP (2012 est.); 19.8% of GDP (2011 est.); 16.1% of GDP (2010 est.)"
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},
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"gdp_composition_by_end_use": {
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"household_consumption": "67.1%",
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"government_consumption": "16.2%",
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"investment_in_fixed_capital": "20.9%",
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"investment_in_inventories": "0%",
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"exports_of_goods_and_services": "30.5%",
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"imports_of_goods_and_services": "-34.6% (2012 est.)"
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},
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"gdp_composition_by_sector_of_origin": {
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"agriculture": "20.7%",
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"industry": "27.7%",
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"services": "51.5% (2012 est.)"
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},
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"agriculture_products": {
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"text": "coffee, cocoa, cotton, rubber, bananas, oilseed, grains, cassava (manioc); livestock; timber"
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},
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"industries": {
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"text": "petroleum production and refining, aluminum production, food processing, light consumer goods, textiles, lumber, ship repair"
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},
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"industrial_production_growth_rate": {
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"text": "5.4% (2012 est.)"
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},
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"labor_force": {
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"text": "8.246 million (2012 est.)"
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},
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"labor_force_by_occupation": {
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"agriculture": "70%",
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"industry": "13%",
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"services": "17% (2001 est.)"
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},
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"unemployment_rate": {
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"text": "30% (2001 est.)"
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},
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"population_below_poverty_line": {
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"text": "48% (2000 est.)"
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|
},
|
|
"household_income_or_consumption_by_percentage_share": {
|
|
"lowest_10%": "2.3%",
|
|
"highest_10%": "35.4% (2001)"
|
|
},
|
|
"distribution_of_family_income_gini_index": {
|
|
"text": "44.6 (2001); 47.7 (1996)"
|
|
},
|
|
"budget": {
|
|
"revenues": "$4.741 billion",
|
|
"expenditures": "$5.73 billion (2012 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"taxes_and_other_revenues": {
|
|
"text": "19% of GDP (2012 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"budget_surplus_+_or_deficit": {
|
|
"text": "-4% of GDP (2012 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"public_debt": {
|
|
"text": "16% of GDP (2012 est.); 14.6% of GDP (2011 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"fiscal_year": {
|
|
"text": "1 July - 30 June"
|
|
},
|
|
"inflation_rate_consumer_prices": {
|
|
"text": "2.9% (2012 est.); 2.9% (2011 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"central_bank_discount_rate": {
|
|
"text": "4.25% (31 December 2009 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"commercial_bank_prime_lending_rate": {
|
|
"text": "14% (31 December 2012 est.); 14% (31 December 2011 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"stock_of_narrow_money": {
|
|
"text": "$3.484 billion (31 December 2012 est.); $3.514 billion (31 December 2011 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"stock_of_broad_money": {
|
|
"text": "$6.279 billion (31 December 2012 est.); $5.66 billion (31 December 2011 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"stock_of_domestic_credit": {
|
|
"text": "$2.758 billion (31 December 2012 est.); $2.523 billion (31 December 2011 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"market_value_of_publicly_traded_shares": {
|
|
"text": "$230 million (31 December 2012 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"current_account_balance": {
|
|
"text": "-$946.4 million (2012 est.); -$1.365 billion (2011 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"exports": {
|
|
"text": "$6.025 billion (2012 est.); $5.488 billion (2011 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"exports_commodities": {
|
|
"text": "crude oil and petroleum products, lumber, cocoa beans, aluminum, coffee, cotton"
|
|
},
|
|
"exports_partners": {
|
|
"text": "China 14.8%, Netherlands 9.5%, Spain 8.8%, India 8.4%, Portugal 7.9%, Italy 5.9%, US 5.3% (2012)"
|
|
},
|
|
"imports": {
|
|
"text": "$6.559 billion (2012 est.); $6.06 billion (2011 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"imports_commodities": {
|
|
"text": "machinery, electrical equipment, transport equipment, fuel, food"
|
|
},
|
|
"imports_partners": {
|
|
"text": "China 18.9%, France 15%, Nigeria 12.1%, Belgium 5.2%, US 4.4%, India 4.2% (2012)"
|
|
},
|
|
"reserves_of_foreign_exchange_and_gold": {
|
|
"text": "$3.431 billion (31 December 2012 est.); $3.245 billion (31 December 2011 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"debt_external": {
|
|
"text": "$3.208 billion (31 December 2012 est.); $3.074 billion (31 December 2011 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"exchange_rates": {
|
|
"text": "Cooperation Financiere en Afrique Centrale francs (XAF) per dollar -; 510.53 (2012 est.); 471.87 (2011 est.); 495.28 (2010 est.); 472.19 (2009); 447.81 (2008)"
|
|
}
|
|
},
|
|
"energy": {
|
|
"electricity_production": {
|
|
"text": "5.589 billion kWh (2009 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"electricity_consumption": {
|
|
"text": "5.049 billion kWh (2009 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"electricity_exports": {
|
|
"text": "0 kWh (2010 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"electricity_imports": {
|
|
"text": "0 kWh (2010 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"electricity_installed_generating_capacity": {
|
|
"text": "1.115 million kW (2009 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"electricity_from_fossil_fuels": {
|
|
"text": "27.8% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"electricity_from_nuclear_fuels": {
|
|
"text": "0% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"electricity_from_hydroelectric_plants": {
|
|
"text": "72.2% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"electricity_from_other_renewable_sources": {
|
|
"text": "0% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"crude_oil_production": {
|
|
"text": "61,580 bbl/day (2011 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"crude_oil_exports": {
|
|
"text": "64,740 bbl/day (2009 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"crude_oil_imports": {
|
|
"text": "32,490 bbl/day (2009 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"crude_oil_proved_reserves": {
|
|
"text": "200 million bbl (1 January 2012 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"refined_petroleum_products_production": {
|
|
"text": "42,520 bbl/day (2008 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"refined_petroleum_products_consumption": {
|
|
"text": "29,410 bbl/day (2011 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"refined_petroleum_products_exports": {
|
|
"text": "17,470 bbl/day (2008 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"refined_petroleum_products_imports": {
|
|
"text": "5,715 bbl/day (2008 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"natural_gas_production": {
|
|
"text": "20 million cu m (2010 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"natural_gas_consumption": {
|
|
"text": "20 million cu m (2009 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"natural_gas_exports": {
|
|
"text": "0 cu m (2010 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"natural_gas_imports": {
|
|
"text": "0 cu m (2010 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"natural_gas_proved_reserves": {
|
|
"text": "135.1 billion cu m (1 January 2012 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"carbon_dioxide_emissions_from_consumption_of_energy": {
|
|
"text": "7.361 million Mt (2010 est.)"
|
|
}
|
|
},
|
|
"comm": {
|
|
"telephones_main_lines_in_use": {
|
|
"text": "669,000 (2011)"
|
|
},
|
|
"telephones_mobile_cellular": {
|
|
"text": "10.486 million (2011)"
|
|
},
|
|
"telephone_system": {
|
|
"general_assessment": "system includes cable, microwave radio relay, and tropospheric scatter; Camtel, the monopoly provider of fixed-line service, provides connections for only about 3 per 100 persons; equipment is old and outdated, and connections with many parts of the country are unreliable",
|
|
"domestic": "mobile-cellular usage, in part a reflection of the poor condition and general inadequacy of the fixed-line network, has increased sharply, reaching a subscribership base of 50 per 100 persons",
|
|
"international": "country code - 237; landing point for the SAT-3/WASC fiber-optic submarine cable that provides connectivity to Europe and Asia; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2011)"
|
|
},
|
|
"broadcast_media": {
|
|
"text": "government maintains tight control over broadcast media; state-owned Cameroon Radio Television (CRTV), broadcasting on both a TV and radio network, was the only officially recognized and fully licensed broadcaster until August 2007 when the government finally issued licenses to 2 private TV broadcasters and 1 private radio broadcaster; about 70 privately owned, unlicensed radio stations operating but are subject to closure at any time; foreign news services required to partner with state-owned national station (2007)"
|
|
},
|
|
"internet_country_code": {
|
|
"text": ".cm"
|
|
},
|
|
"internet_hosts": {
|
|
"text": "10,207 (2012)"
|
|
},
|
|
"internet_users": {
|
|
"text": "749,600 (2009)"
|
|
}
|
|
},
|
|
"trans": {
|
|
"airports": {
|
|
"text": "33 (2013)"
|
|
},
|
|
"airports_with_paved_runways": {
|
|
"total": "11",
|
|
"over_3_047_m": "2",
|
|
"2_438_to_3_047_m": "5",
|
|
"1_524_to_2_437_m": "3",
|
|
"914_to_1_523_m": "1 (2013)"
|
|
},
|
|
"airports_with_unpaved_runways": {
|
|
"total": "22",
|
|
"1_524_to_2_437_m": "4",
|
|
"914_to_1_523_m": "10",
|
|
"under_914_m": "8 (2013)"
|
|
},
|
|
"pipelines": {
|
|
"text": "gas 53 km; liquid petroleum gas 5 km; oil 1,107 km; water 35 km (2013)"
|
|
},
|
|
"railways": {
|
|
"total": "1,245 km",
|
|
"narrow_gauge": "1,245 km 1.000-m gauge (2008)"
|
|
},
|
|
"roadways": {
|
|
"total": "50,000 km",
|
|
"paved": "5,000 km",
|
|
"unpaved": "45,000 km",
|
|
"note": "there are 28,857 km of national roads (2008)"
|
|
},
|
|
"waterways": {
|
|
"text": "(major rivers in the south, such as the Wouri and the Sanaga, are largely non-navigable; in the north, the Benue, which connects through Nigeria to the Niger River, is navigable in the rainy season only to the port of Garoua) (2010)"
|
|
},
|
|
"ports_and_terminals": {
|
|
"river_ports": "Douala (Wouri); Garoua (Benoue)",
|
|
"oil_gas_terminals": "Limboh Terminal"
|
|
}
|
|
},
|
|
"military": {
|
|
"military_branches": {
|
|
"text": "Cameroon Armed Forces (Forces Armees Camerounaises, FAC), Army (L'Armee de Terre), Navy (Marine Nationale Republique (MNR), includes naval infantry), Air Force (Armee de l'Air du Cameroun, AAC), Fire Fighter Corps, Gendarmerie (2013)"
|
|
},
|
|
"military_service_age_and_obligation": {
|
|
"text": "18-23 years of age for male and female voluntary military service; no conscription; high school graduation required; service obligation 4 years; the government makes periodic calls for volunteers (2012)"
|
|
},
|
|
"manpower_available_for_military_service": {
|
|
"males_age_16_49": "4,667,251",
|
|
"females_age_16_49": "4,548,909 (2010 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"manpower_fit_for_military_service": {
|
|
"males_age_16_49": "2,794,998",
|
|
"females_age_16_49": "2,718,110 (2010 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"manpower_reaching_militarily_significant_age_annually": {
|
|
"male": "215,248",
|
|
"female": "211,636 (2010 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"military_expenditures": {
|
|
"text": "1.3% of GDP (2009)"
|
|
}
|
|
},
|
|
"issues": {
|
|
"disputes_international": {
|
|
"text": "Joint Border Commission with Nigeria reviewed 2002 ICJ ruling on the entire boundary and bilaterally resolved differences, including June 2006 Greentree Agreement that immediately ceded sovereignty of the Bakassi Peninsula to Cameroon with a full phase-out of Nigerian control and patriation of residents in 2008; Cameroon and Nigeria agreed on maritime delimitation in March 2008; sovereignty dispute between Equatorial Guinea and Cameroon over an island at the mouth of the Ntem River; only Nigeria and Cameroon have heeded the Lake Chad Commission's admonition to ratify the delimitation treaty, which also includes the Chad-Niger and Niger-Nigeria boundaries"
|
|
},
|
|
"refugees_and_internally_displaced_persons": {
|
|
"refugees_country_of_origin": "91,378 (Central African Republic) (2013)"
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
} |