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543 lines
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22 KiB
JSON
543 lines
No EOL
22 KiB
JSON
{
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"intro": {
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"background": {
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"text": "Carib Indians occupied the islands of the West Indies for hundreds of years before the British began settlement in 1623. In 1967, the island territory of Saint Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla became an associated state of the UK with full internal autonomy. The island of Anguilla rebelled and was allowed to secede in 1971. The remaining islands achieved independence in 1983 as Saint Kitts and Nevis. In 1998, a vote in Nevis on a referendum to separate from Saint Kitts fell short of the two-thirds majority needed. Nevis continues in its efforts to separate from Saint Kitts."
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}
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},
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"geo": {
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"location": {
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"text": "Caribbean, islands in the Caribbean Sea, about one-third of the way from Puerto Rico to Trinidad and Tobago"
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},
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"geographic_coordinates": {
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"text": "17 20 N, 62 45 W"
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},
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"map_references": {
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"text": "Central America and the Caribbean"
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},
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"area": {
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"total": "261 sq km (Saint Kitts 168 sq km; Nevis 93 sq km)",
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"land": "261 sq km",
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"water": "0 sq km"
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},
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"area_comparative": {
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"text": "one and a half times the size of Washington, DC"
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},
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"land_boundaries": {
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"text": "0 km"
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},
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"coastline": {
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"text": "135 km"
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},
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"maritime_claims": {
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"territorial_sea": "12 nm",
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"contiguous_zone": "24 nm",
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"exclusive_economic_zone": "200 nm",
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"continental_shelf": "200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin"
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},
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"climate": {
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"text": "tropical, tempered by constant sea breezes; little seasonal temperature variation; rainy season (May to November)"
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},
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"terrain": {
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"text": "volcanic with mountainous interiors"
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},
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"elevation_extremes": {
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"lowest_point": "Caribbean Sea 0 m",
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"highest_point": "Mount Liamuiga 1,156 m"
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},
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"natural_resources": {
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"text": "arable land"
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},
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"land_use": {
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"arable_land": "19.23%",
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"permanent_crops": "0.38%",
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"other": "80.38% (2011)"
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},
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"irrigated_land": {
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"text": "0.18 sq km (2003)"
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},
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"total_renewable_water_resources": {
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"text": "0.02 cu km (2011)"
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},
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"natural_hazards": {
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"text": "hurricanes (July to October)"
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},
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"environment_current_issues": {
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"text": "NA"
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},
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"environment_international_agreements": {
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"party_to": "Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Whaling",
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"signed_but_not_ratified": "none of the selected agreements"
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},
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"geography_note": {
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"text": "with coastlines in the shape of a baseball bat and ball, the two volcanic islands are separated by a 3-km-wide channel called The Narrows; on the southern tip of long, baseball bat-shaped Saint Kitts lies the Great Salt Pond; Nevis Peak sits in the center of its almost circular namesake island and its ball shape complements that of its sister island"
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}
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},
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"people": {
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"nationality": {
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"noun": "Kittitian(s), Nevisian(s)",
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"adjective": "Kittitian, Nevisian"
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},
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"ethnic_groups": {
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"text": "predominantly black; some British, Portuguese, and Lebanese"
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},
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"languages": {
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"text": "English (official)"
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},
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"religions": {
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"text": "Anglican, other Protestant, Roman Catholic"
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},
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"population": {
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"text": "51,134 (July 2013 est.)"
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},
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"age_structure": {
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"0_14_years": "21.9% (male 5,596/female 5,589)",
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"15_24_years": "15.6% (male 3,940/female 4,042)",
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"25_54_years": "45.2% (male 11,782/female 11,353)",
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"55_64_years": "9.5% (male 2,464/female 2,401)",
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"65_years_and_over": "7.8% (male 1,771/female 2,196) (2013 est.)"
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},
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"median_age": {
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"total": "33 years",
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"male": "33.1 years",
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"female": "32.9 years (2013 est.)"
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},
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"population_growth_rate": {
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"text": "0.8% (2013 est.)"
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},
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"birth_rate": {
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"text": "13.79 births/1,000 population (2013 est.)"
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},
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"death_rate": {
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"text": "7.06 deaths/1,000 population (2013 est.)"
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},
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"net_migration_rate": {
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"text": "1.23 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2013 est.)"
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},
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"urbanization": {
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"urban_population": "32% of total population (2010)",
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"rate_of_urbanization": "1.8% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)"
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},
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"major_urban_areas_population": {
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"text": "BASSETERRE (capital) 13,000 (2009)"
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},
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"sex_ratio": {
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"at_birth": "1.02 male(s)/female",
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"0_14_years": "1 male(s)/female",
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"15_24_years": "0.99 male(s)/female",
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"25_54_years": "1.03 male(s)/female",
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"55_64_years": "1.04 male(s)/female",
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"65_years_and_over": "0.8 male(s)/female",
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"total_population": "1 male(s)/female (2013 est.)"
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},
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"infant_mortality_rate": {
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"total": "9.2 deaths/1,000 live births",
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"male": "6.2 deaths/1,000 live births",
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"female": "12.27 deaths/1,000 live births (2013 est.)"
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},
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"life_expectancy_at_birth": {
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"total_population": "75.07 years",
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"male": "72.67 years",
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"female": "77.5 years (2013 est.)"
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},
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"total_fertility_rate": {
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"text": "1.78 children born/woman (2013 est.)"
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},
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"health_expenditures": {
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"text": "6.7% of GDP (2010)"
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},
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"physicians_density": {
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"text": "1.1 physicians/1,000 population (2000)"
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},
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"hospital_bed_density": {
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"text": "4.8 beds/1,000 population (2010)"
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},
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"drinking_water_source": {
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"improved": "urban: 99% of population; rural: 99% of population; total: 99% of population",
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"unimproved": "urban: 1% of population; rural: 1% of population; total: 1% of population (2010 est.)"
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},
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"sanitation_facility_access": {
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"improved": "urban: 96% of population; rural: 96% of population; total: 96% of population",
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"unimproved": "urban: 4% of population; rural: 4% of population; total: 4% of population (2010 est.)"
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},
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"hiv_aids_adult_prevalence_rate": {
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"text": "NA"
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},
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"hiv_aids_people_living_with_hiv_aids": {
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"text": "NA"
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},
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"hiv_aids_deaths": {
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"text": "NA"
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},
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"obesity_adult_prevalence_rate": {
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"text": "40.7% (2008)"
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},
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"education_expenditures": {
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"text": "4.2% of GDP (2007)"
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},
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"literacy": {
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"definition": "age 15 and over has ever attended school",
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"total_population": "97.8%",
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"male": "NA",
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"female": "NA (2003 est.)"
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},
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"school_life_expectancy_primary_to_tertiary_education": {
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"total": "13 years",
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"male": "12 years",
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"female": "13 years (2008)"
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}
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},
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"govt": {
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"country_name": {
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"conventional_long_form": "Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis",
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"conventional_short_form": "Saint Kitts and Nevis",
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"former": "Federation of Saint Christopher and Nevis"
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},
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"government_type": {
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"text": "parliamentary democracy and a Commonwealth realm"
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},
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"capital": {
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"name": "Basseterre",
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"geographic_coordinates": "17 18 N, 62 43 W",
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"time_difference": "UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)"
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},
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"administrative_divisions": {
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"text": "14 parishes; Christ Church Nichola Town, Saint Anne Sandy Point, Saint George Basseterre, Saint George Gingerland, Saint James Windward, Saint John Capesterre, Saint John Figtree, Saint Mary Cayon, Saint Paul Capesterre, Saint Paul Charlestown, Saint Peter Basseterre, Saint Thomas Lowland, Saint Thomas Middle Island, Trinity Palmetto Point"
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},
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"independence": {
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"text": "19 September 1983 (from the UK)"
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},
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"national_holiday": {
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"text": "Independence Day, 19 September (1983)"
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},
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"constitution": {
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"text": "19 September 1983"
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},
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"legal_system": {
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"text": "English common law"
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},
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"international_law_organization_participation": {
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"text": "has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction"
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},
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"suffrage": {
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"text": "18 years of age; universal"
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},
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"executive_branch": {
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"chief_of_state": "Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor General Sir Edmund LAWRENCE (since 2 January 2013)",
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"head_of_government": "Prime Minister Dr. Denzil DOUGLAS (since 6 July 1995); Deputy Prime Minister Sam CONDOR (since 6 July 1995)",
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"cabinet": "Cabinet appointed by the governor general in consultation with the prime minister",
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"elections": "the monarchy is hereditary; the governor general appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or leader of a majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the governor general; deputy prime minister appointed by the governor general"
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},
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"legislative_branch": {
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"text": "unicameral National Assembly (14 seats, 3 appointed and 11 popularly elected from single-member constituencies; members serve five-year terms)",
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"elections": "last held on 25 January 2010 (next to be held by 2015)",
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"election_results": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - SKNLP 6, CCM 2, PAM 2, NRP 1"
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},
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"judicial_branch": {
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"highest_courts": "the Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (ECSC) is the itinerant superior court of record for the 9-member Organization of Eastern Caribbean States which includes Saint Kitts and Nevis; the ECSC - with its headquarters on St. Lucia - is headed by the chief justice and comprised of the Court of Appeal with 3 justices and the High Court with 16 judges; sittings of the Court of Appeal and High Court rotate among the member states; 2 High Court judges reside on Saint Kitts and Nevis note - the Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court in 2003 replaced the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (in London) as the final court of appeal on Saint Kitts and Nevis; Saint Kitts and Nevis is also a member of the Caribbean Court of Justice",
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"judge_selection_and_term_of_office": "Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court chief justice appointed by Her Majesty, Queen ELIZABETH II; other justices and judges appointed by the Judicial and Legal Services Commission; Court of Appeal justices appointed for life with mandatory retirement at age 65; High Court judges appointed for life with mandatory retirement at age 62",
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"subordinate_courts": "magistrates' courts"
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},
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"political_parties_and_leaders": {
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"text": "Concerned Citizens Movement or CCM [Vance AMORY]; Nevis Reformation Party or NRP [Joseph PARRY]; People's Action Movement or PAM [Shawn RICHARDS]; Saint Kitts and Nevis Labor Party or SKNLP [Dr. Denzil DOUGLAS]"
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},
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"political_pressure_groups_and_leaders": {
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"text": "NA"
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},
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"international_organization_participation": {
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"text": "ACP, AOSIS, C, Caricom, CDB, CELAC, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ITU, MIGA, NAM, OAS, OECS, OPANAL, OPCW, Petrocaribe, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WTO"
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},
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"diplomatic_representation_in_the_us": {
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"chief_of_mission": "Ambassador Jacinth HENRY-MARTIN",
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"chancery": "3216 New Mexico Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20016",
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"telephone": "[1] (202) 686-2636",
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"fax": "[1] (202) 686-5740",
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"consulates_general": "Los Angeles, New York"
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},
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"diplomatic_representation_from_the_us": {
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"text": "the US does not have an embassy in Saint Kitts and Nevis; the US Ambassador to Barbados is accredited to Saint Kitts and Nevis"
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},
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"flag_description": {
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"text": "divided diagonally from the lower hoist side by a broad black band bearing two white, five-pointed stars; the black band is edged in yellow; the upper triangle is green, the lower triangle is red; green signifies the island's fertility, red symbolizes the struggles of the people from slavery, yellow denotes year-round sunshine, and black represents the African heritage of the people; the white stars stand for the islands of Saint Kitts and Nevis, but can also express hope and liberty, or independence and optimism"
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},
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"national_symbols": {
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"text": "brown pelican"
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},
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"national_anthem": {
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"name": "\"Oh Land of Beauty!\"",
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"lyrics_music": "Kenrick Anderson GEORGES",
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"note": "adopted 1983"
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}
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},
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"econ": {
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"economy_overview": {
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"text": "The economy of Saint Kitts and Nevis depends on tourism; since the 1970s tourism has replaced sugar as the traditional mainstay of the economy. Following the 2005 harvest, the government closed the sugar industry, after several decades of losses. To compensate for lost jobs, the government has embarked on a program to diversify the agricultural sector and to stimulate other sectors of the economy, such as export-oriented manufacturing and offshore banking. Roughly 200,000 tourists visited the islands in 2009, but reduced tourism arrivals and foreign investment led to an economic contraction in 2009-2012, and the economy has not yet returned to growth. Like other tourist destinations in the Caribbean, St. Kitts and Nevis is vulnerable to damage from natural disasters and shifts in tourism demand. Furthermore, the government is constrained by one of the world's highest public debt burdens - equivalent to roughly 140% of GDP in 2012 - largely attributable to public enterprise losses."
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},
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"gdp_purchasing_power_parity": {
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"text": "$946.3 million (2012 est.); $955 million (2011 est.); $972.1 million (2010 est.)",
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"note": "data are in 2012 US dollars"
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},
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"gdp_official_exchange_rate": {
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"text": "$734 million (2012 est.)"
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},
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"gdp_real_growth_rate": {
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"text": "-0.9% (2012 est.); -1.9% (2011 est.); 0% (2010 est.)"
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},
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"gdp_per_capita_ppp": {
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"text": "$16,500 (2012 est.); $17,000 (2011 est.); $17,700 (2010 est.)",
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"note": "data are in 2012 US dollars"
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},
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"gdp_composition_by_end_use": {
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"household_consumption": "59.6%",
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"government_consumption": "12.1%",
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"investment_in_fixed_capital": "35.3%",
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"investment_in_inventories": "0%",
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"exports_of_goods_and_services": "38.7%",
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"imports_of_goods_and_services": "-45.7% (2012 est.)"
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},
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"gdp_composition_by_sector_of_origin": {
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"agriculture": "1.7%",
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"industry": "23.3%",
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"services": "75% (2012 est.)"
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},
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"agriculture_products": {
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"text": "sugarcane, rice, yams, vegetables, bananas; fish"
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},
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"industries": {
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"text": "tourism, cotton, salt, copra, clothing, footwear, beverages"
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},
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"industrial_production_growth_rate": {
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"text": "NA%"
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},
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"labor_force": {
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"text": "18,170 (June 1995)"
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},
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"unemployment_rate": {
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"text": "4.5% (1997)"
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},
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"population_below_poverty_line": {
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"text": "NA%"
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},
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"household_income_or_consumption_by_percentage_share": {
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"lowest_10%": "NA%",
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"highest_10%": "NA%"
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},
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"budget": {
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"revenues": "$185.2 million",
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"expenditures": "$222.2 million (2012 est.)"
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},
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"taxes_and_other_revenues": {
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"text": "25.2% of GDP (2012 est.)"
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},
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"budget_surplus_+_or_deficit": {
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"text": "-5% of GDP (2012 est.)"
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},
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"public_debt": {
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"text": "144% of GDP (2012 est.); 154% of GDP (2011 est.)"
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},
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"fiscal_year": {
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"text": "calendar year"
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},
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"inflation_rate_consumer_prices": {
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"text": "2% (2012 est.); 5.9% (2011 est.)"
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},
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"central_bank_discount_rate": {
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"text": "6.5% (31 December 2009); 6.5% (31 December 2008)"
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},
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"commercial_bank_prime_lending_rate": {
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"text": "9.3% (31 December 2012 est.); 9.45% (31 December 2011 est.)"
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},
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"stock_of_narrow_money": {
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"text": "$177.4 million (31 December 2012 est.); $177.8 million (31 December 2011 est.)"
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},
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"stock_of_broad_money": {
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"text": "$964.1 million (31 December 2011 est.); $879.1 million (31 December 2010 est.)"
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},
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"stock_of_domestic_credit": {
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"text": "$963 million (31 December 2012 est.); $860 million (31 December 2011 est.)"
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},
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"market_value_of_publicly_traded_shares": {
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"text": "$598.4 million (31 December 2011); $623.9 million (31 December 2010); $648 million (31 December 2009)"
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},
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"current_account_balance": {
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"text": "-$133.8 million (2012 est.)"
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},
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"exports": {
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"text": "$57 million (2012 est.); $54.58 million (2011 est.)"
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},
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"exports_commodities": {
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"text": "machinery, food, electronics, beverages, tobacco"
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},
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"exports_partners": {
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"text": "US 55.3%, Canada 9.6%, Bangladesh 6.2% (2012)"
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},
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"imports": {
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"text": "$339.6 million (2012 est.); $218.3 million (2011 est.)"
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},
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"imports_commodities": {
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"text": "machinery, manufactures, food, fuels"
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},
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"imports_partners": {
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"text": "Algeria 59.9%, US 12%, Trinidad and Tobago 8.3% (2012)"
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},
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"debt_external": {
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"text": "$189.4 million (31 December 2012 est.); $199.1 million (31 December 2011 est.)"
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},
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"exchange_rates": {
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"text": "East Caribbean dollars (XCD) per US dollar -; 2.7 (2012 est.); 2.7 (2011 est.); 2.7 (2010 est.); 2.7 (2009)"
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}
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},
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"energy": {
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"electricity_production": {
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"text": "135 million kWh (2009 est.)"
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},
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"electricity_consumption": {
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"text": "125.6 million kWh (2009 est.)"
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},
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"electricity_exports": {
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"text": "0 kWh (2010 est.)"
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},
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"electricity_imports": {
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"text": "0 kWh (2010 est.)"
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},
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"electricity_installed_generating_capacity": {
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"text": "22,000 kW (2009 est.)"
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},
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"electricity_from_fossil_fuels": {
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"text": "100% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)"
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},
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|
"electricity_from_nuclear_fuels": {
|
|
"text": "0% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"electricity_from_hydroelectric_plants": {
|
|
"text": "0% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"electricity_from_other_renewable_sources": {
|
|
"text": "0% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"crude_oil_production": {
|
|
"text": "0 bbl/day (2011 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"crude_oil_exports": {
|
|
"text": "0 bbl/day (2009 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"crude_oil_imports": {
|
|
"text": "0 bbl/day (2009 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"crude_oil_proved_reserves": {
|
|
"text": "0 bbl (1 January 2012 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"refined_petroleum_products_production": {
|
|
"text": "0 bbl/day (2008 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"refined_petroleum_products_consumption": {
|
|
"text": "1,496 bbl/day (2011 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"refined_petroleum_products_exports": {
|
|
"text": "0 bbl/day (2008 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"refined_petroleum_products_imports": {
|
|
"text": "1,699 bbl/day (2008 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"natural_gas_production": {
|
|
"text": "0 cu m (2010 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"natural_gas_consumption": {
|
|
"text": "0 cu m (2010 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"natural_gas_exports": {
|
|
"text": "0 cu m (2010 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"natural_gas_imports": {
|
|
"text": "0 cu m (2010 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"natural_gas_proved_reserves": {
|
|
"text": "0 cu m (1 January 2012 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"carbon_dioxide_emissions_from_consumption_of_energy": {
|
|
"text": "303,500 Mt (2010 est.)"
|
|
}
|
|
},
|
|
"comm": {
|
|
"telephones_main_lines_in_use": {
|
|
"text": "20,600 (2010)"
|
|
},
|
|
"telephones_mobile_cellular": {
|
|
"text": "84,600 (2010)"
|
|
},
|
|
"telephone_system": {
|
|
"general_assessment": "good interisland and international connections",
|
|
"domestic": "interisland links via Eastern Caribbean Fiber Optic cable; construction of enhanced wireless infrastructure launched in November 2004; fixed-line teledensity about 40 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular teledensity is roughly 170 per 100 persons",
|
|
"international": "country code - 1-869; connected internationally by the East Caribbean Fiber Optic System (ECFS) and Southern Caribbean fiber optic system (SCF) submarine cables (2010)"
|
|
},
|
|
"broadcast_media": {
|
|
"text": "the government operates a national TV network that broadcasts on 2 channels; cable subscription services provide access to local and international channels; the government operates a national radio network; a mix of government-owned and privately owned broadcasters operate roughly 15 radio stations (2007)"
|
|
},
|
|
"internet_country_code": {
|
|
"text": ".kn"
|
|
},
|
|
"internet_hosts": {
|
|
"text": "54 (2012)"
|
|
},
|
|
"internet_users": {
|
|
"text": "17,000 (2009)"
|
|
}
|
|
},
|
|
"trans": {
|
|
"airports": {
|
|
"text": "2 (2013)"
|
|
},
|
|
"airports_with_paved_runways": {
|
|
"total": "2",
|
|
"1_524_to_2_437_m": "1",
|
|
"914_to_1_523_m": "1 (2013)"
|
|
},
|
|
"railways": {
|
|
"total": "50 km",
|
|
"narrow_gauge": "50 km 0.762-m gauge on Saint Kitts for tourists (2008)"
|
|
},
|
|
"roadways": {
|
|
"total": "383 km",
|
|
"paved": "163 km",
|
|
"unpaved": "220 km (2002)"
|
|
},
|
|
"merchant_marine": {
|
|
"total": "152",
|
|
"by_type": "bulk carrier 16, cargo 81, chemical tanker 4, combination ore/oil 1, container 2, liquefied gas 3, passenger 2, passenger/cargo 7, petroleum tanker 27, refrigerated cargo 4, roll on/roll off 4, specialized tanker 1",
|
|
"foreign_owned": "73 (Belgium 1, China 1, Egypt 1, Greece 2, India 2, Japan 2, Malaysia 1, Norway 3, Pakistan 1, Russia 13, Singapore 10, Turkey 18, UAE 8, UK 1, Ukraine 8, US 1) (2010)"
|
|
},
|
|
"ports_and_terminals": {
|
|
"text": "Basseterre, Charlestown"
|
|
}
|
|
},
|
|
"military": {
|
|
"military_branches": {
|
|
"text": "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, National Security, Labour, Immigration, and Social Security: Royal Saint Kitts and Nevis Defense Force (includes Coast Guard), Royal Saint Kitts and Nevis Police Force (2013)"
|
|
},
|
|
"military_service_age_and_obligation": {
|
|
"text": "18 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2012)"
|
|
},
|
|
"manpower_available_for_military_service": {
|
|
"males_age_16_49": "13,506",
|
|
"females_age_16_49": "13,089 (2010 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"manpower_fit_for_military_service": {
|
|
"males_age_16_49": "10,742",
|
|
"females_age_16_49": "10,923 (2010 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"manpower_reaching_militarily_significant_age_annually": {
|
|
"male": "380",
|
|
"female": "422 (2010 est.)"
|
|
},
|
|
"military_expenditures": {
|
|
"text": "NA"
|
|
}
|
|
},
|
|
"issues": {
|
|
"disputes_international": {
|
|
"text": "joins other Caribbean states to counter Venezuela's claim that Aves Island sustains human habitation, a criterion under United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, which permits Venezuela to extend its Economic Exclusion Zone/continental shelf over a large portion of the eastern Caribbean Sea"
|
|
},
|
|
"illicit_drugs": {
|
|
"text": "transshipment point for South American drugs destined for the US and Europe; some money-laundering activity"
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
} |