factbook.json/central-america-n-caribbean/av.json

{
  "Introduction": {
    "Background": {
      "text": "English settlers from Saint Kitts first colonized Anguilla in 1650. Great Britain administered the island until the early 19th century, when -- against the wishes of the inhabitants -- Anguilla was incorporated into a single British dependency along with Saint Kitts and Nevis. Several attempts at separation failed. In 1971, two years after a revolt, Anguilla was finally allowed to secede; this arrangement was formally recognized in 1980, when Anguilla became a separate British dependency. In 2017, Hurricane Irma caused extensive damage on the island, particularly to communications and residential and business infrastructure."
    }
  },
  "Geography": {
    "Location": {
      "text": "Caribbean, islands between the Caribbean Sea and North Atlantic Ocean, east of Puerto Rico"
    },
    "Geographic coordinates": {
      "text": "18 15 N, 63 10 W"
    },
    "Map references": {
      "text": "Central America and the Caribbean"
    },
    "Area": {
      "total ": {
        "text": "91 sq km"
      },
      "land": {
        "text": "91 sq km"
      },
      "water": {
        "text": "0 sq km"
      }
    },
    "Area - comparative": {
      "text": "about one-half the size of Washington, D.C."
    },
    "Land boundaries": {
      "total": {
        "text": "0 km"
      }
    },
    "Coastline": {
      "text": "61 km"
    },
    "Maritime claims": {
      "territorial sea": {
        "text": "12 nm"
      },
      "exclusive economic zone": {
        "text": "200 nm"
      },
      "exclusive fishing zone": {
        "text": "200 nm"
      }
    },
    "Climate": {
      "text": "tropical; moderated by northeast trade winds"
    },
    "Terrain": {
      "text": "flat and low-lying island of coral and limestone"
    },
    "Elevation": {
      "highest point": {
        "text": "Crocus Hill 73 m"
      },
      "lowest point": {
        "text": "Caribbean Sea 0 m"
      }
    },
    "Natural resources": {
      "text": "salt, fish, lobster"
    },
    "Land use": {
      "agricultural land": {
        "text": "0% (2022 est.)"
      },
      "agricultural land: arable land": {
        "text": "arable land: 0% (2018 est.)"
      },
      "agricultural land: permanent crops": {
        "text": "permanent crops: 0% (2018 est.)"
      },
      "agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
        "text": "permanent pasture: 0% (2018 est.)"
      },
      "forest": {
        "text": "61.1% (2022 est.)"
      },
      "other": {
        "text": "38.9% (2022 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Irrigated land": {
      "text": "0 sq km (2020)"
    },
    "Population distribution": {
      "text": "most of the population is concentrated in The Valley in the center of the island; settlement is fairly uniform in the southwest, but rather sparse in the northeast"
    },
    "Natural hazards": {
      "text": "frequent hurricanes and other tropical storms (July to October)"
    },
    "Geography - note": {
      "text": "the most northerly of the Leeward Islands in the Lesser Antilles"
    }
  },
  "People and Society": {
    "Population": {
      "total": {
        "text": "19,416 (2024 est.)"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "9,107"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "10,309"
      }
    },
    "Nationality": {
      "noun": {
        "text": "Anguillan(s)"
      },
      "adjective": {
        "text": "Anguillan"
      }
    },
    "Ethnic groups": {
      "text": "African/Black 85.3%, Hispanic 4.9%, mixed 3.8%, White 3.2%, East Indian/Indian 1%, other 1.6%, unspecified 0.3% (2011 est.)",
      "note": "<strong>note:</strong> data represent population by ethnic origin"
    },
    "Languages": {
      "text": "English (official)"
    },
    "Religions": {
      "text": "Protestant 73.2% (includes Anglican 22.7%, Methodist 19.4%, Pentecostal 10.5%, Seventh Day Adventist 8.3%, Baptist 7.1%, Church of God 4.9%, Presbyterian 0.2%, Brethren 0.1%), Roman Catholic 6.8%, Jehovah's Witness 1.1%, other Christian 10.9%, other 3.2%, unspecified 0.3%, none 4.5% (2011 est.)"
    },
    "Age structure": {
      "0-14 years": {
        "text": "20.8% (male 2,056/female 1,992)"
      },
      "15-64 years": {
        "text": "67.5% (male 5,958/female 7,147)"
      },
      "65 years and over": {
        "text": "11.7% (2024 est.) (male 1,093/female 1,170)"
      }
    },
    "Dependency ratios": {
      "total dependency ratio": {
        "text": "48.2 (2024 est.)"
      },
      "youth dependency ratio": {
        "text": "30.9 (2024 est.)"
      },
      "elderly dependency ratio": {
        "text": "17.3 (2024 est.)"
      },
      "potential support ratio": {
        "text": "5.8 (2024 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Median age": {
      "total": {
        "text": "37.5 years (2025 est.)"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "34.8 years"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "39 years"
      }
    },
    "Population growth rate": {
      "text": "1.71% (2025 est.)"
    },
    "Birth rate": {
      "text": "11.69 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)"
    },
    "Death rate": {
      "text": "4.76 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)"
    },
    "Net migration rate": {
      "text": "10.13 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)"
    },
    "Population distribution": {
      "text": "most of the population is concentrated in The Valley in the center of the island; settlement is fairly uniform in the southwest, but rather sparse in the northeast"
    },
    "Urbanization": {
      "urban population": {
        "text": "100% of total population (2023)"
      },
      "rate of urbanization": {
        "text": "0.47% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Major urban areas - population": {
      "text": "1,000 THE VALLEY (capital) (2018)"
    },
    "Sex ratio": {
      "at birth": {
        "text": "1.03 male(s)/female"
      },
      "0-14 years": {
        "text": "1.03 male(s)/female"
      },
      "15-64 years": {
        "text": "0.83 male(s)/female"
      },
      "65 years and over": {
        "text": "0.93 male(s)/female"
      },
      "total population": {
        "text": "0.88 male(s)/female (2024 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Infant mortality rate": {
      "total": {
        "text": "2.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.)"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "3.9 deaths/1,000 live births"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "2.1 deaths/1,000 live births"
      }
    },
    "Life expectancy at birth": {
      "total population": {
        "text": "82.6 years (2024 est.)"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "80 years"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "85.3 years"
      }
    },
    "Total fertility rate": {
      "text": "1.72 children born/woman (2025 est.)"
    },
    "Gross reproduction rate": {
      "text": "0.85 (2025 est.)"
    },
    "Drinking water source": {
      "improved: total": {
        "text": "total: 97.5% of population"
      }
    },
    "Physician density": {
      "text": "1.51 physicians/1,000 population (2018)"
    },
    "Education expenditure": {
      "Education expenditure (% GDP)": {
        "text": "2.5% of GDP (2022 est.)"
      },
      "Education expenditure (% national budget)": {
        "text": "10.3% national budget (2024 est.)"
      }
    }
  },
  "Environment": {
    "Environmental issues": {
      "text": "inadequate potable water"
    },
    "Climate": {
      "text": "tropical; moderated by northeast trade winds"
    },
    "Land use": {
      "agricultural land": {
        "text": "0% (2022 est.)"
      },
      "agricultural land: arable land": {
        "text": "arable land: 0% (2018 est.)"
      },
      "agricultural land: permanent crops": {
        "text": "permanent crops: 0% (2018 est.)"
      },
      "agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
        "text": "permanent pasture: 0% (2018 est.)"
      },
      "forest": {
        "text": "61.1% (2022 est.)"
      },
      "other": {
        "text": "38.9% (2022 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Urbanization": {
      "urban population": {
        "text": "100% of total population (2023)"
      },
      "rate of urbanization": {
        "text": "0.47% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
      }
    }
  },
  "Government": {
    "Country name": {
      "conventional long form": {
        "text": "none"
      },
      "conventional short form": {
        "text": "Anguilla"
      },
      "etymology": {
        "text": "in 1493, Christopher COLUMBUS named the island Anguilla, meaning \"eel\" in Spanish, because of the island's elongated shape"
      }
    },
    "Government type": {
      "text": "parliamentary democracy (House of Assembly); self-governing overseas territory of the UK"
    },
    "Dependency status": {
      "text": "overseas territory of the UK"
    },
    "Capital": {
      "name": {
        "text": "The Valley"
      },
      "geographic coordinates": {
        "text": "18 13 N, 63 03 W"
      },
      "time difference": {
        "text": "UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
      },
      "etymology": {
        "text": "name may derive from the capital's location among several hills"
      }
    },
    "Legal system": {
      "text": "common law based on the English model"
    },
    "Constitution": {
      "history": {
        "text": "several previous; latest 1 April 1982"
      }
    },
    "Citizenship": {
      "text": "see United Kingdom"
    },
    "Suffrage": {
      "text": "18 years of age; universal"
    },
    "Executive branch": {
      "chief of state": {
        "text": "King CHARLES III (since 8 September 2022); represented by Governor Julia CROUCH (since 11 September 2023)"
      },
      "head of government": {
        "text": "Premier Cora RICHARDSON-HODGE (since 27 February 2025)"
      },
      "cabinet": {
        "text": "Executive Council appointed by the governor from among elected members of the House of Assembly"
      },
      "election/appointment process": {
        "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the governor usually appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as premier&nbsp;"
      }
    },
    "Legislative branch": {
      "legislature name": {
        "text": "House of Assembly"
      },
      "legislative structure": {
        "text": "unicameral"
      },
      "number of seats": {
        "text": "11 (7 directly elected, 2 appointed, 2 ex-officio members)"
      },
      "electoral system": {
        "text": "plurality/majority"
      },
      "scope of elections": {
        "text": "full renewal"
      },
      "term in office": {
        "text": "5 years"
      },
      "most recent election date": {
        "text": "6/29/2020"
      },
      "parties elected and seats per party": {
        "text": "APM (7); AUF (4)"
      },
      "percentage of women in chamber": {
        "text": "27.3%"
      }
    },
    "Judicial branch": {
      "highest court(s)": {
        "text": "the Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (ECSC) is the superior court of the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States; the ECSC is headquartered on St. Lucia&nbsp; and consists of the Court of Appeal -- headed by the chief justice and 4 judges -- and the High Court with 18 judges; the Court of Appeal travels to member states on a schedule to hear appeals from the High Court and subordinate courts"
      },
      "judge selection and term of office": {
        "text": "Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court chief justice appointed by the British monarch; other justices and judges appointed by the Judicial and Legal Services Commission; Court of Appeal justices appointed for life with mandatory retirement at age 65; High Court judges appointed for life with mandatory retirement at age 62"
      },
      "subordinate courts": {
        "text": "Magistrate's Court; Juvenile Court"
      }
    },
    "Political parties": {
      "text": "Anguilla Progressive Movement or APM; (formerly Anguilla United Movement or AUM)<br>Anguilla United Front or AUF"
    },
    "Diplomatic representation in the US": {
      "text": "none (overseas territory of the UK)"
    },
    "Diplomatic representation from the US": {
      "embassy": {
        "text": "none (overseas territory of the UK); alternate contact is the US Embassy in Barbados [1] (246) 227-4000"
      }
    },
    "International organization participation": {
      "text": "Caricom (associate), CDB, Interpol (subbureau), OECS, UNESCO (associate), UPU"
    },
    "Independence": {
      "text": "none (overseas territory of the UK)"
    },
    "National holiday": {
      "text": "Anguilla Day, 30 May (1967)"
    },
    "Flag": {
      "text": "<strong>description:</strong> blue, with the UK flag in the upper-left quadrant and the Anguillan coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms shows three orange dolphins in an interlocking circular design on a white background, with a turquoise-blue field below<br><br><strong>meaning:</strong> the white on the coat of arms stands for peace; the blue base for the sea, faith, youth, and hope; and the three dolphins for endurance, unity, and strength"
    },
    "National symbol(s)": {
      "text": "dolphin"
    },
    "National coat of arms": {
      "text": "the Anguillan coat of arms features three interlocking dolphins jumping out of seawater; they represent endurance, unity, and strength, and their circular motion stands for continuity; the white background symbolizes peace and tranquility, and the turquoise-blue base represents the sea, as well as faith, youth, and hope"
    },
    "National anthem(s)": {
      "title": {
        "text": "\"God Save the King\""
      },
      "lyrics/music": {
        "text": "unknown"
      },
      "history": {
        "text": "official anthem, as an overseas UK territory"
      }
    }
  },
  "Economy": {
    "Economic overview": {
      "text": "small, tourism-dependent, territorial-island economy; very high public debt; COVID-19 crippled economic activity; partial recovery underway via tourism, benefitting from its high amount of timeshare residences; considering reopening oil refinery"
    },
    "Real GDP (purchasing power parity)": {
      "Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024": {
        "text": "$362.499 million (2024 est.)"
      },
      "Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023": {
        "text": "$345.238 million (2023 est.)"
      },
      "Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022": {
        "text": "$336.924 million (2022 est.)"
      },
      "note": "<strong>note:</strong> data in 2015 dollars"
    },
    "Real GDP per capita": {
      "Real GDP per capita 2024": {
        "text": "$31,000 (2024 est.)"
      },
      "Real GDP per capita 2023": {
        "text": "$28,900 (2023 est.)"
      },
      "Real GDP per capita 2022": {
        "text": "$27,400 (2022 est.)"
      },
      "note": "<strong>note:</strong> data in 2015 dollars"
    },
    "GDP (official exchange rate)": {
      "text": "$452.73 million (2024 est.)",
      "note": "<strong>note:</strong> data in current dollars at official exchange rate"
    },
    "Inflation rate (consumer prices)": {
      "Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022": {
        "text": "3% (2022 est.)"
      },
      "Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2021": {
        "text": "1.8% (2021 est.)"
      },
      "Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2020": {
        "text": "-0.5% (2020 est.)"
      },
      "note": "<strong>note:</strong> annual % change based on consumer prices"
    },
    "Agricultural products": {
      "text": "small quantities of tobacco, vegetables; cattle raising"
    },
    "Industries": {
      "text": "tourism, boat building, offshore financial services"
    },
    "Budget": {
      "revenues": {
        "text": "$81.925 million (2017 est.)"
      },
      "expenditures": {
        "text": "$72.352 million (2017 est.)"
      },
      "note": "<b>note:</b> central government revenues and expenses (excluding grants/extrabudgetary units/social security funds) converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated"
    },
    "Public debt": {
      "Public debt 2014": {
        "text": "20.8% of GDP (2014 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Exports": {
      "Exports 2017": {
        "text": "$7.9 million (2017 est.)"
      },
      "Exports 2016": {
        "text": "$3.9 million (2016 est.)"
      },
      "note": "<strong>note:</strong> Data are in current year dollars and do not include illicit exports or re-exports."
    },
    "Exports - partners": {
      "text": "Chile 60%, Netherlands 8%, Brazil 5%, Hungary 4%, USA 4% (2023)",
      "note": "<b>note:</b> top five export partners based on percentage share of exports"
    },
    "Exports - commodities": {
      "text": "packaged medicine, garments, vehicle parts/accessories, vaccines, cars (2023)",
      "note": "<b>note:</b> top five export commodities based on value in dollars"
    },
    "Imports - partners": {
      "text": "Chile 50%, USA 27%, Botswana 15%, Japan 1%, Dominican Republic 1% (2023)",
      "note": "<b>note:</b> top five import partners based on percentage share of imports"
    },
    "Imports - commodities": {
      "text": "poultry, copper ore, natural gas, refined petroleum, fish (2023)",
      "note": "<b>note:</b> top five import commodities based on value in dollars"
    },
    "Exchange rates": {
      "Currency": {
        "text": "East Caribbean dollars (XCD) per US dollar -"
      },
      "Exchange rates 2024": {
        "text": "2.7 (2024 est.)"
      },
      "Exchange rates 2023": {
        "text": "2.7 (2023 est.)"
      },
      "Exchange rates 2022": {
        "text": "2.7 (2022 est.)"
      },
      "Exchange rates 2021": {
        "text": "2.7 (2021 est.)"
      },
      "Exchange rates 2020": {
        "text": "2.7 (2020 est.)"
      }
    }
  },
  "Energy": {
    "Electricity access": {
      "electrification - total population": {
        "text": "100% (2020)"
      }
    }
  },
  "Communications": {
    "Telephones - fixed lines": {
      "total subscriptions": {
        "text": "6,000 (2021 est.)"
      },
      "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
        "text": "38 (2021 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Telephones - mobile cellular": {
      "total subscriptions": {
        "text": "25,870 (2022 est.)"
      },
      "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
        "text": "163 (2022 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Broadcast media": {
      "text": "1 private TV station; multi-channel cable TV subscription services are available; about 10 radio stations, one of which is government-owned (2024)"
    },
    "Internet country code": {
      "text": ".ai"
    },
    "Internet users": {
      "percent of population": {
        "text": "81.6% (2021 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
      "total": {
        "text": "5,000 (2018 est.)"
      },
      "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
        "text": "35 (2018 est.)"
      }
    }
  },
  "Transportation": {
    "Civil aircraft registration country code prefix": {
      "text": "VP-A"
    },
    "Airports": {
      "text": "1 (2025)"
    },
    "Merchant marine": {
      "total": {
        "text": "2 (2023)"
      },
      "by type": {
        "text": "other 2"
      }
    }
  },
  "Military and Security": {
    "Military - note": {
      "text": "defense is the responsibility of the UK"
    }
  },
  "Transnational Issues": {
  }
}