{
  "Introduction": {
    "Background": {
      "text": "Geographically the third-smallest state in Europe (after the Holy See and Monaco), San Marino also claims to be the world's oldest republic. According to tradition, it was founded by a Christian stonemason named MARINUS in A.D. 301. San Marino's foreign policy is aligned with that of the EU, although it is not a member; social and political trends in the republic track closely with those of its larger neighbor, Italy."
    }
  },
  "Geography": {
    "Location": {
      "text": "Southern Europe, an enclave in central Italy"
    },
    "Geographic coordinates": {
      "text": "43 46 N, 12 25 E"
    },
    "Map references": {
      "text": "Europe"
    },
    "Area": {
      "total": {
        "text": "61 sq km"
      },
      "land": {
        "text": "61 sq km"
      },
      "water": {
        "text": "0 sq km"
      }
    },
    "Area - comparative": {
      "text": "about one-third the size of Washington, DC"
    },
    "Land boundaries": {
      "total": {
        "text": "37 km"
      },
      "border countries": {
        "text": "Italy 37 km"
      }
    },
    "Coastline": {
      "text": "0 km (landlocked)"
    },
    "Maritime claims": {
      "text": "none (landlocked)"
    },
    "Climate": {
      "text": "Mediterranean; mild to cool winters; warm, sunny summers"
    },
    "Terrain": {
      "text": "rugged mountains"
    },
    "Elevation": {
      "highest point": {
        "text": "Monte Titano 739 m"
      },
      "lowest point": {
        "text": "Torrente Ausa 55 m"
      }
    },
    "Natural resources": {
      "text": "building stone"
    },
    "Land use": {
      "agricultural land": {
        "text": "16.7% (2018 est.)"
      },
      "agricultural land: arable land": {
        "text": "arable land: 16.7% (2018 est.)"
      },
      "agricultural land: permanent crops": {
        "text": "permanent crops: 0% (2018 est.)"
      },
      "agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
        "text": "permanent pasture: 0% (2018 est.)"
      },
      "forest": {
        "text": "0% (2018 est.)"
      },
      "other": {
        "text": "83.3% (2018 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Irrigated land": {
      "text": "0 sq km (2012)"
    },
    "Natural hazards": {
      "text": "occasional earthquakes"
    },
    "Geography - note": {
      "text": "landlocked; an enclave of (completely surrounded by) Italy; smallest independent state in Europe after the Holy See and Monaco; dominated by the Apennine Mountains"
    },
    "Map description": {
      "text": "<p>San Marino map showing the major population centers in this microstate surrounded by Italy.</p>"
    }
  },
  "People and Society": {
    "Population": {
      "text": "34,682 (2022 est.)"
    },
    "Nationality": {
      "noun": {
        "text": "Sammarinese (singular and plural)"
      },
      "adjective": {
        "text": "Sammarinese"
      }
    },
    "Ethnic groups": {
      "text": "Sammarinese, Italian"
    },
    "Languages": {
      "Languages": {
        "text": "Italian"
      },
      "major-language sample(s)": {
        "text": "<br>L'Almanacco dei fatti del mondo, l'indispensabile fonte per le informazioni di base. (Italian)<br><br>The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information."
      }
    },
    "Religions": {
      "text": "Roman Catholic"
    },
    "Age structure": {
      "0-14 years": {
        "text": "14.73% (male 2,662/female 2,379)"
      },
      "15-24 years": {
        "text": "11.64% (male 2,091/female 1,894)"
      },
      "25-54 years": {
        "text": "39.12% (male 6,310/female 7,081)"
      },
      "55-64 years": {
        "text": "14.28% (male 2,367/female 2,520)"
      },
      "65 years and over": {
        "text": "20.24% (2020 est.) (male 3,123/female 3,805)"
      }
    },
    "Dependency ratios": {
      "total dependency ratio": {
        "text": "NA"
      },
      "youth dependency ratio": {
        "text": "NA"
      },
      "elderly dependency ratio": {
        "text": "NA"
      },
      "potential support ratio": {
        "text": "NA"
      }
    },
    "Median age": {
      "total": {
        "text": "45.2 years"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "43.9 years"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "46.3 years (2020 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Population growth rate": {
      "text": "0.61% (2022 est.)"
    },
    "Birth rate": {
      "text": "8.85 births/1,000 population (2022 est.)"
    },
    "Death rate": {
      "text": "8.82 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.)"
    },
    "Net migration rate": {
      "text": "6.11 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.)"
    },
    "Urbanization": {
      "urban population": {
        "text": "97.7% of total population (2022)"
      },
      "rate of urbanization": {
        "text": "0.41% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Major urban areas - population": {
      "text": "4,000 SAN MARINO (2018)"
    },
    "Sex ratio": {
      "at birth": {
        "text": "1.09 male(s)/female"
      },
      "0-14 years": {
        "text": "1.1 male(s)/female"
      },
      "15-24 years": {
        "text": "1.13 male(s)/female"
      },
      "25-54 years": {
        "text": "0.9 male(s)/female"
      },
      "55-64 years": {
        "text": "0.92 male(s)/female"
      },
      "65 years and over": {
        "text": "0.7 male(s)/female"
      },
      "total population": {
        "text": "0.93 male(s)/female (2022 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Mother's mean age at first birth": {
      "text": "31.9 years (2019)"
    },
    "Infant mortality rate": {
      "total": {
        "text": "6.51 deaths/1,000 live births"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "7.72 deaths/1,000 live births"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "5.19 deaths/1,000 live births (2022 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Life expectancy at birth": {
      "total population": {
        "text": "83.86 years"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "81.3 years"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "86.65 years (2022 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Total fertility rate": {
      "text": "1.53 children born/woman (2022 est.)"
    },
    "Contraceptive prevalence rate": {
      "text": "NA"
    },
    "Drinking water source": {
      "improved: urban": {
        "text": "urban: NA"
      },
      "improved: rural": {
        "text": "rural: NA"
      },
      "improved: total": {
        "text": "total: 100% of population"
      },
      "unimproved: urban": {
        "text": "urban: NA"
      },
      "unimproved: rural": {
        "text": "rural: NA"
      },
      "unimproved: total": {
        "text": "total: 0% of population (2020)"
      }
    },
    "Current health expenditure": {
      "text": "6.4% (2019)"
    },
    "Physicians density": {
      "text": "6.11 physicians/1,000 population (2014)"
    },
    "Hospital bed density": {
      "text": "3.8 beds/1,000 population (2012)"
    },
    "Sanitation facility access": {
      "improved: urban": {
        "text": "urban: NA"
      },
      "improved: rural": {
        "text": "rural: NA"
      },
      "improved: total": {
        "text": "total: 100% of population"
      },
      "unimproved: urban": {
        "text": "urban: NA"
      },
      "unimproved: rural": {
        "text": "rural: NA"
      },
      "unimproved: total": {
        "text": "total: 0% of population (2020)"
      }
    },
    "HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate": {
      "text": "NA"
    },
    "HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS": {
      "text": "NA"
    },
    "HIV/AIDS - deaths": {
      "text": "NA"
    },
    "Children under the age of 5 years underweight": {
      "text": "NA"
    },
    "Education expenditures": {
      "text": "3.4% of GDP (2019 est.)"
    },
    "Literacy": {
      "total population": {
        "text": "99.9%"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "99.9%"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "99.9% (2018)"
      }
    },
    "School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
      "total": {
        "text": "12 years"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "13 years"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "12 years (2020)"
      }
    },
    "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": {
      "total": {
        "text": "27.4%"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "21.4%"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "36% (2016 est.)"
      }
    }
  },
  "Environment": {
    "Environment - current issues": {
      "text": "air pollution; urbanization decreasing rural farmlands; water shortage"
    },
    "Environment - international agreements": {
      "party to": {
        "text": "Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Whaling"
      },
      "signed, but not ratified": {
        "text": "Air Pollution"
      }
    },
    "Air pollutants": {
      "particulate matter emissions": {
        "text": "13.45 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)"
      },
      "methane emissions": {
        "text": "0.02 megatons (2020 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Climate": {
      "text": "Mediterranean; mild to cool winters; warm, sunny summers"
    },
    "Land use": {
      "agricultural land": {
        "text": "16.7% (2018 est.)"
      },
      "agricultural land: arable land": {
        "text": "arable land: 16.7% (2018 est.)"
      },
      "agricultural land: permanent crops": {
        "text": "permanent crops: 0% (2018 est.)"
      },
      "agricultural land: permanent pasture": {
        "text": "permanent pasture: 0% (2018 est.)"
      },
      "forest": {
        "text": "0% (2018 est.)"
      },
      "other": {
        "text": "83.3% (2018 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Urbanization": {
      "urban population": {
        "text": "97.7% of total population (2022)"
      },
      "rate of urbanization": {
        "text": "0.41% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Revenue from forest resources": {
      "forest revenues": {
        "text": "0% of GDP (2018 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Waste and recycling": {
      "municipal solid waste generated annually": {
        "text": "17,175 tons (2016 est.)"
      },
      "municipal solid waste recycled annually": {
        "text": "7,737 tons (2016 est.)"
      },
      "percent of municipal solid waste recycled": {
        "text": "45.1% (2016 est.)"
      }
    }
  },
  "Government": {
    "Country name": {
      "conventional long form": {
        "text": "Republic of San Marino"
      },
      "conventional short form": {
        "text": "San Marino"
      },
      "local long form": {
        "text": "Repubblica di San Marino"
      },
      "local short form": {
        "text": "San Marino"
      },
      "etymology": {
        "text": "named after Saint MARINUS, who in A.D. 301 founded the monastic settlement around which the city and later the state of San Marino coalesced"
      }
    },
    "Government type": {
      "text": "parliamentary republic"
    },
    "Capital": {
      "name": {
        "text": "San Marino (city)"
      },
      "geographic coordinates": {
        "text": "43 56 N, 12 25 E"
      },
      "time difference": {
        "text": "UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
      },
      "daylight saving time": {
        "text": "+1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October"
      },
      "etymology": {
        "text": "named after Saint MARINUS, who in A.D. 301 founded a monastic settlement around which the city and later the state of San Marino coalesced"
      }
    },
    "Administrative divisions": {
      "text": "9 municipalities (castelli, singular - castello); Acquaviva, Borgo Maggiore, Chiesanuova, Domagnano, Faetano, Fiorentino, Montegiardino, San Marino Citta, Serravalle"
    },
    "Independence": {
      "text": "3 September 301 (traditional founding date)"
    },
    "National holiday": {
      "text": "Founding of the Republic (or Feast of Saint Marinus), 3 September (A.D. 301)"
    },
    "Constitution": {
      "history": {
        "text": "San Marino&rsquo;s principal legislative instruments consist of old customs (antiche consuetudini), the Statutory Laws of San Marino (Leges Statutae Sancti Marini), old statutes (antichi statute) from the1600s, Brief Notes on the Constitutional Order and Institutional Organs of the Republic of San Marino (Brevi Cenni sull&rsquo;Ordinamento Costituzionale e gli Organi Istituzionali della Repubblica di San Marino) and successive legislation, chief among them is the Declaration of the Rights of Citizens and Fundamental Principles of the San Marino Legal Order (Dichiarazione dei Diritti dei Cittadini e dei Principi Fondamentali dell&rsquo;Ordinamento Sammarinese), approved 8 July 1974"
      },
      "amendments": {
        "text": "proposed by the Great and General Council; passage requires two-thirds majority Council vote; Council passage by absolute majority vote also requires passage in a referendum; Declaration of Civil Rights amended several times, last in 2019"
      }
    },
    "Legal system": {
      "text": "civil law system with Italian civil law influences"
    },
    "International law organization participation": {
      "text": "has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction"
    },
    "Citizenship": {
      "citizenship by birth": {
        "text": "no"
      },
      "citizenship by descent only": {
        "text": "at least one parent must be a citizen of San Marino"
      },
      "dual citizenship recognized": {
        "text": "no"
      },
      "residency requirement for naturalization": {
        "text": "30 years"
      }
    },
    "Suffrage": {
      "text": "18 years of age; universal"
    },
    "Executive branch": {
      "chief of state": {
        "text": "co-chiefs of state Captain Regent Oscar MONA and Captain Regent Paolo RONDELLI (for the period 1 April 2022 - 1 October 2022)"
      },
      "head of government": {
        "text": "Secretary of State for Foreign and Political Affairs Luca BECCARI (since 8 January 2020)"
      },
      "cabinet": {
        "text": "Congress of State elected by the Grand and General Council"
      },
      "elections/appointments": {
        "text": "co-chiefs of state (captains regent) indirectly elected by the Grand and General Council for a single 6-month term; election last held in September 2021 (next to be held in March 2022); secretary of state for foreign and political affairs indirectly elected by the Grand and General Council for a single 5-year term; election last held on 28 December 2019 (next to be held by November 2024)"
      },
      "election results": {
        "text": "Oscar MINA (PDCS) and Paolo RONDELLI (RETE) elected captains regent; percent of Grand and General Council vote - NA; Luca BECCARI (PDCS) elected secretary of state for foreign and political affairs; percent of Grand and General Council vote - NA"
      },
      "note": "<strong>note:</strong> the captains regent preside over meetings of the Grand and General Council and its cabinet (Congress of State), which has 7 other members who are selected by the Grand and General Council; assisting the captains regent are 7 secretaries of state; the secretary of state for Foreign Affairs has some prime ministerial roles"
    },
    "Legislative branch": {
      "description": {
        "text": "unicameral Grand and General Council or Consiglio Grande e Generale (60 seats; members directly elected in single- and multi-seat constituencies by list proportional representation vote in 2 rounds if needed; members serve 5-year terms)"
      },
      "elections": {
        "text": "last held on 8 December 2019 (next to be held by 31 December 2024)"
      },
      "election results": {
        "text": "percent of vote by coalition/party - PDCS 35%, Tomorrow in Movement coalition 25% (RETE Movement 18.3%, Domani - Motus Liberi 6.7%), Free San Marino 16.7%, We for the Republic 13.3%, Future Republic 10%; seats by coalition/party - PDCS 21, Tomorrow in Movement coalition 15 (RETE Movement 11, Domani - Motus Liberi 4), Free San Marino 10, We for the Republic 8, Future Republic 6; composition (as of October 2021) - men 40, women 20, percent of women 33.3%"
      }
    },
    "Judicial branch": {
      "highest courts": {
        "text": "Council of Twelve or Consiglio dei XII (consists of 12 members); note - the College of Guarantors for the Constitutionality and General Norms functions as San Marino's constitutional court"
      },
      "judge selection and term of office": {
        "text": "judges elected by the Grand and General Council from among its own to serve 5-year terms"
      },
      "subordinate courts": {
        "text": "first instance and first appeal criminal, administrative, and civil courts; Court for the Trust and Trustee Relations; justices of the peace or conciliatory judges"
      }
    },
    "Political parties and leaders": {
      "text": "Civic 10 [Franco SANTI]<br>Domani - Modus Liberi or DML [Lorenzo Forcellini REFFI]<br>Free San Marino or Libera [Matteo Ciacci]<br>Future Republic or RF [Mario VENTURINI]<br>I Elect for a New Republic<br>Party of Socialists and Democrats or PSD [Paride ANDREOLI]<br>RETE Movement [Gloria Arcangeloni]<br>Sammarinese Christian Democratic Party or PDCS [Marco GATTI]<br>Socialist Party or PS [Alessandro BEVITORI]<br>Tomorrow in Movement coalition (includes RETE Movement, DML)<br>We for the Republic [Denise Bronzetti]"
    },
    "International organization participation": {
      "text": "CE, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), IPU, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAIA (observer), OPCW, OSCE, Schengen Convention (de facto member), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WHO, WIPO"
    },
    "Diplomatic representation in the US": {
      "chief of mission": {
        "text": "Ambassador Damiano BELEFFI (since 21 July 2017)"
      },
      "chancery": {
        "text": "327 E 50th Street, New York, NY 10022; Embassy address: 1711 North Street NW (2nd Floor), Washington, DC 22036"
      },
      "telephone": {
        "text": "[1] (212) 751-1234<br>[1] (202) 223-24l8<br>[1] (202) 751-1436"
      },
      "FAX": {
        "text": "[1] (212) 751-1436"
      },
      "email address and website": {
        "text": "<br>sanmarinoun@gmail.com"
      }
    },
    "Diplomatic representation from the US": {
      "embassy": {
        "text": "the United States does not have an Embassy in San Marino; the US Ambassador to Italy is accredited to San Marino, and the US Consulate General in Florence maintains day-to-day ties"
      }
    },
    "Flag description": {
      "text": "two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and light blue with the national coat of arms superimposed in the center; the main colors derive from the shield of the coat of arms, which features three white towers on three peaks on a blue field; the towers represent three castles built on San Marino's highest feature, Mount Titano: Guaita, Cesta, and Montale; the coat of arms is flanked by a wreath, below a crown and above a scroll bearing the word LIBERTAS (Liberty); the white and blue colors are also said to stand for peace and liberty respectively"
    },
    "National symbol(s)": {
      "text": "three peaks each displaying a tower; national colors: white, blue"
    },
    "National anthem": {
      "name": {
        "text": "\"Inno Nazionale della Repubblica\" (National Anthem of the Republic)"
      },
      "lyrics/music": {
        "text": "no lyrics/Federico CONSOLO"
      },
      "note": "<strong>note:</strong> adopted 1894; the music for the lyric-less anthem is based on a 10th century chorale piece"
    },
    "National heritage": {
      "total World Heritage Sites": {
        "text": "1 (cultural)"
      },
      "selected World Heritage Site locales": {
        "text": "San Marino Historic Center and Mount Titano"
      }
    }
  },
  "Economy": {
    "Economic overview": {
      "text": "<p>San Marino's economy relies heavily on tourism, banking, and the manufacture and export of ceramics, clothing, fabrics, furniture, paints, spirits, tiles, and wine. The manufacturing and financial sectors account for more than half of San Marino's GDP. The per capita level of output and standard of living are comparable to those of the most prosperous regions of Italy.</p> <p> </p> <p>San Marino's economy contracted considerably in the years since 2008, largely due to weakened demand from Italy - which accounts for nearly 90% of its export market - and financial sector consolidation. Difficulties in the banking sector, the global economic downturn, and the sizable decline in tax revenues all contributed to negative real GDP growth. The government adopted measures to counter the downturn, including subsidized credit to businesses and is seeking to shift its growth model away from a reliance on bank and tax secrecy. San Marino does not issue public debt securities; when necessary, it finances deficits by drawing down central bank deposits.</p> <p> </p> <p>The economy benefits from foreign investment due to its relatively low corporate taxes and low taxes on interest earnings. The income tax rate is also very low, about one-third the average EU level. San Marino continues to work towards harmonizing its fiscal laws with EU and international standards. In September 2009, the OECD removed San Marino from its list of tax havens that have yet to fully adopt global tax standards, and in 2010 San Marino signed Tax Information Exchange Agreements with most major countries. In 2013, the San Marino Government signed a Double Taxation Agreement with Italy, but a referendum on EU membership failed to reach the quorum needed to bring it to a vote.</p>"
    },
    "Real GDP (purchasing power parity)": {
      "Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2019": {
        "text": "$2.06 billion (2019 est.)"
      },
      "Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2018": {
        "text": "$2.01 billion (2018 est.)"
      },
      "Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2017": {
        "text": "$1.982 billion (2017 est.)"
      },
      "note": "<strong>note:</strong> data are in 2017 dollars"
    },
    "Real GDP growth rate": {
      "Real GDP growth rate 2017": {
        "text": "1.9% (2017 est.)"
      },
      "Real GDP growth rate 2016": {
        "text": "2.2% (2016 est.)"
      },
      "Real GDP growth rate 2015": {
        "text": "0.6% (2015 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Real GDP per capita": {
      "Real GDP per capita 2019": {
        "text": "$60,800 (2019 est.) note: data are in 2017 dollars"
      },
      "Real GDP per capita 2018": {
        "text": "$59,600 (2018 est.) note: data are in 2017 dollars"
      },
      "Real GDP per capita 2017": {
        "text": "$58,867 (2017 est.)"
      }
    },
    "GDP (official exchange rate)": {
      "text": "$1.643 billion (2017 est.)"
    },
    "Inflation rate (consumer prices)": {
      "Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2017": {
        "text": "1% (2017 est.)"
      },
      "Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2016": {
        "text": "0.6% (2016 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Credit ratings": {
      "Fitch rating": {
        "text": "BB+ (2020)"
      }
    },
    "GDP - composition, by sector of origin": {
      "agriculture": {
        "text": "0.1% (2009)"
      },
      "industry": {
        "text": "39.2% (2009)"
      },
      "services": {
        "text": "60.7% (2009)"
      }
    },
    "GDP - composition, by end use": {
      "household consumption": {
        "text": "(2011 est.) NA"
      },
      "government consumption": {
        "text": "(2011 est.) NA"
      },
      "investment in fixed capital": {
        "text": "(2011 est.) NA"
      },
      "investment in inventories": {
        "text": "(2011 est.) NA"
      },
      "exports of goods and services": {
        "text": "176.6% (2011)"
      },
      "imports of goods and services": {
        "text": "-153.3% (2011)"
      }
    },
    "Agricultural products": {
      "text": "wheat, grapes, corn, olives; cattle, pigs, horses, beef, cheese, hides"
    },
    "Industries": {
      "text": "tourism, banking, textiles, electronics, ceramics, cement, wine"
    },
    "Industrial production growth rate": {
      "text": "-1.1% (2012 est.)"
    },
    "Labor force": {
      "text": "21,960 (September 2013 est.)"
    },
    "Labor force - by occupation": {
      "agriculture": {
        "text": "0.2%"
      },
      "industry": {
        "text": "33.5%"
      },
      "services": {
        "text": "66.3% (September 2013 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Unemployment rate": {
      "Unemployment rate 2017": {
        "text": "8.1% (2017 est.)"
      },
      "Unemployment rate 2016": {
        "text": "8.6% (2016 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": {
      "total": {
        "text": "27.4%"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "21.4%"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "36% (2016 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Population below poverty line": {
      "text": "NA"
    },
    "Household income or consumption by percentage share": {
      "lowest 10%": {
        "text": "NA"
      },
      "highest 10%": {
        "text": "NA"
      }
    },
    "Budget": {
      "revenues": {
        "text": "667.7 million (2011 est.)"
      },
      "expenditures": {
        "text": "715.3 million (2011 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)": {
      "text": "-2.9% (of GDP) (2011 est.)"
    },
    "Public debt": {
      "Public debt 2017": {
        "text": "24.1% of GDP (2017 est.)"
      },
      "Public debt 2016": {
        "text": "22.5% of GDP (2016 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Taxes and other revenues": {
      "text": "40.6% (of GDP) (2011 est.)"
    },
    "Fiscal year": {
      "text": "calendar year"
    },
    "Current account balance": {
      "Current account balance 2017": {
        "text": "$0 (2017 est.)"
      },
      "Current account balance 2016": {
        "text": "$0 (2016 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Exports": {
      "Exports 2011": {
        "text": "$3.827 billion (2011 est.)"
      },
      "Exports 2010": {
        "text": "$2.576 billion (2010 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Exports - partners": {
      "text": "Romania 10%, France 9%, United States 8%, Germany 8%, Poland 6%, Brazil 6%, Russia 6%, Austria 6% (2019)"
    },
    "Exports - commodities": {
      "text": "industrial washing/bottling machinery, packaged medicines, woodworking machinery, foodstuffs, aircraft (2019)"
    },
    "Imports": {
      "Imports 2011": {
        "text": "$2.551 billion (2011 est.)"
      },
      "Imports 2010": {
        "text": "$2.132 billion (2010 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Imports - partners": {
      "text": "Germany 21%, Italy 13%, Poland 10%, France 7%, Spain 7%, Belgium 6%, Romania 6% (2019)"
    },
    "Imports - commodities": {
      "text": "electricity, cars, aluminum, footwear, natural gas, iron piping (2019)"
    },
    "Reserves of foreign exchange and gold": {
      "Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2014": {
        "text": "$392 million (2014 est.)"
      },
      "Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2013": {
        "text": "$539.3 million (2013 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Debt - external": {
      "text": "<p>NA</p>"
    },
    "Exchange rates": {
      "Currency": {
        "text": "euros (EUR) per US dollar -"
      },
      "Exchange rates 2017": {
        "text": "0.885 (2017 est.)"
      },
      "Exchange rates 2016": {
        "text": "0.903 (2016 est.)"
      },
      "Exchange rates 2015": {
        "text": "0.9214 (2015 est.)"
      },
      "Exchange rates 2014": {
        "text": "0.885 (2014 est.)"
      },
      "Exchange rates 2013": {
        "text": "0.7634 (2013 est.)"
      }
    }
  },
  "Energy": {
    "Electricity access": {
      "electrification - total population": {
        "text": "100% (2020)"
      }
    }
  },
  "Communications": {
    "Telephones - fixed lines": {
      "total subscriptions": {
        "text": "16,000 (2020 est.)"
      },
      "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
        "text": "47 (2020 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Telephones - mobile cellular": {
      "total subscriptions": {
        "text": "39,000 (2020 est.)"
      },
      "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
        "text": "115 (2020 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Telecommunication systems": {
      "general assessment": {
        "text": "automatic telephone system completely integrated into Italian system (2018)"
      },
      "domestic": {
        "text": "fixed-line a little over 47 per 100 and mobile-cellular teledensity roughly 114 telephones per 100 persons (2019)"
      },
      "international": {
        "text": "country code - 378; connected to Italian international network"
      },
      "note": "<strong>note:</strong> the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced a downturn, particularly in mobile device production; progress towards 5G implementation has resumed, as well as upgrades to infrastructure; consumer spending on telecom services has increased due to the surge in demand for capacity and bandwidth; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home is still evident, and the spike in this area has seen growth opportunities for development of new tools and increased services"
    },
    "Broadcast media": {
      "text": "state-owned public broadcaster operates 1 TV station and 3 radio stations; receives radio and TV broadcasts from Italy (2019)"
    },
    "Internet country code": {
      "text": ".sm"
    },
    "Internet users": {
      "total": {
        "text": "20,318 (2019 est.)"
      },
      "percent of population": {
        "text": "60% (2019 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
      "total": {
        "text": "11,000 (2020 est.)"
      },
      "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
        "text": "32 (2020 est.)"
      }
    }
  },
  "Transportation": {
    "Civil aircraft registration country code prefix": {
      "text": "T7"
    },
    "Roadways": {
      "total": {
        "text": "292 km (2006)"
      },
      "paved": {
        "text": "292 km (2006)"
      }
    }
  },
  "Military and Security": {
    "Military and security forces": {
      "text": "Military Corps (National Guard): Guard of the Rock (or Fortress Guard), Uniformed Militia, Guard of the Great and General Council, Corps of the Gendarmerie; Ministry of Internal Affairs: Civil Police Corps (2022)",
      "note": "<strong>note:</strong> the captains regent oversee the Gendarmerie and National Guard when they are performing duties related to public order and security; the Ministry of Foreign Affairs exercises control over such administrative functions as personnel and equipment, and the courts exercise control over the Gendarmerie when it acts as judicial police"
    },
    "Military service age and obligation": {
      "text": "18 is the legal minimum age for voluntary military service; no conscription; government has the authority to call up all San Marino citizens from 16-60 years of age to serve in the military (2021)"
    },
    "Military - note": {
      "text": "defense is the responsibility of Italy"
    }
  },
  "Transnational Issues": {
    "Disputes - international": {
      "text": "<p>none identified</p>"
    }
  }
}