The lands that today comprise Croatia were part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire until the close of World War I. In 1918, the Croats, Serbs, and Slovenes formed a kingdom known after 1929 as Yugoslavia. Following World War II, Yugoslavia became a federal independent communist state consisting of six socialist republics under the strong hand of Marshal Josip Broz, aka TITO. Although Croatia declared its independence from Yugoslavia in 1991, it took four years of sporadic, but often bitter, fighting before occupying Yugoslav forces, dominated by Serb officers, were mostly cleared from Croatian lands, along with a majority of Croatia's ethnic Serb population. Under UN supervision, the last Serb-held enclave in eastern Slavonia was returned to Croatia in 1998. The country joined NATO in April 2009 and the EU in July 2013.
" } }, "Geography": { "Location": { "text": "Southeastern Europe, bordering the Adriatic Sea, between Bosnia and Herzegovina and Slovenia" }, "Geographic coordinates": { "text": "45 10 N, 15 30 E" }, "Map references": { "text": "Europe" }, "Area": { "total": { "text": "56,594 sq km" }, "land": { "text": "55,974 sq km" }, "water": { "text": "620 sq km" } }, "Area - comparative": { "text": "slightly smaller than West Virginia" }, "Land boundaries": { "total": { "text": "2,237 km" }, "border countries": { "text": "Bosnia and Herzegovina 956 km, Hungary 348 km, Montenegro 19 km, Serbia 314 km, Slovenia 600 km" } }, "Coastline": { "text": "5,835 km (mainland 1,777 km, islands 4,058 km)" }, "Maritime claims": { "territorial sea": { "text": "12 nm" }, "continental shelf": { "text": "200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation" } }, "Climate": { "text": "Mediterranean and continental; continental climate predominant with hot summers and cold winters; mild winters, dry summers along coast" }, "Terrain": { "text": "geographically diverse; flat plains along Hungarian border, low mountains and highlands near Adriatic coastline and islands" }, "Elevation": { "mean elevation": { "text": "331 m" }, "lowest point": { "text": "Adriatic Sea 0 m" }, "highest point": { "text": "Dinara 1,831 m" } }, "Natural resources": { "text": "oil, some coal, bauxite, low-grade iron ore, calcium, gypsum, natural asphalt, silica, mica, clays, salt, hydropower" }, "Land use": { "agricultural land": { "text": "23.7% (2011 est.)" }, "agricultural land: arable land": { "text": "arable land: 16% (2011 est.)" }, "agricultural land: permanent crops": { "text": "permanent crops: 1.5% (2011 est.)" }, "agricultural land: permanent pasture": { "text": "permanent pasture: 6.2% (2011 est.)" }, "forest": { "text": "34.4% (2011 est.)" }, "other": { "text": "41.9% (2011 est.)" } }, "Irrigated land": { "text": "240 sq km (2012)" }, "Population distribution": { "text": "more of the population lives in the northern half of the country, with approximately a quarter of the populace residing in and around the capital of Zagreb; many of the islands are sparsely populated" }, "Natural hazards": { "text": "destructive earthquakes" }, "Environment - current issues": { "text": "air pollution improving but still a concern in urban settings and in emissions arriving from neighboring countries; surface water pollution in the Danube River Basin" }, "Environment - international agreements": { "party to": { "text": "Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling" }, "signed, but not ratified": { "text": "none of the selected agreements" } }, "Geography - note": { "text": "controls most land routes from Western Europe to Aegean Sea and Turkish Straits; most Adriatic Sea islands lie off the coast of Croatia - some 1,200 islands, islets, ridges, and rocks" } }, "People and Society": { "Population": { "text": "4,208,973 (July 2021 est.)" }, "Nationality": { "noun": { "text": "Croat(s), Croatian(s)" }, "adjective": { "text": "Croatian" }, "note": "note: the French designation of \"Croate\" to Croatian mercenaries in the 17th century eventually became \"Cravate\" and later came to be applied to the soldiers' scarves - the cravat; Croatia celebrates Cravat Day every 18 October
" }, "Ethnic groups": { "text": "Croat 90.4%, Serb 4.4%, other 4.4% (including Bosniak, Hungarian, Slovene, Czech, and Romani), unspecified 0.8% (2011 est.)" }, "Languages": { "text": "Croatian (official) 95.6%, Serbian 1.2%, other 3% (including Hungarian, Czech, Slovak, and Albanian), unspecified 0.2% (2011 est.)" }, "Religions": { "text": "Roman Catholic 86.3%, Orthodox 4.4%, Muslim 1.5%, other 1.5%, unspecified 2.5%, not religious or atheist 3.8% (2011 est.)" }, "Age structure": { "0-14 years": { "text": "14.16% (male 308,668/female 289,996)" }, "15-24 years": { "text": "10.76% (male 233,602/female 221,495)" }, "25-54 years": { "text": "39.77% (male 841,930/female 839,601)" }, "55-64 years": { "text": "14.24% (male 290,982/female 310,969)" }, "65 years and over": { "text": "21.06% (male 364,076/female 526,427) (2020 est.)" } }, "Dependency ratios": { "total dependency ratio": { "text": "55.7" }, "youth dependency ratio": { "text": "22.6" }, "elderly dependency ratio": { "text": "33.1" }, "potential support ratio": { "text": "3 (2020 est.)" } }, "Median age": { "total": { "text": "43.9 years" }, "male": { "text": "42 years" }, "female": { "text": "45.9 years (2020 est.)" } }, "Population growth rate": { "text": "-0.48% (2021 est.)" }, "Birth rate": { "text": "8.68 births/1,000 population (2021 est.)" }, "Death rate": { "text": "12.78 deaths/1,000 population (2021 est.)" }, "Net migration rate": { "text": "-0.74 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2021 est.)" }, "Population distribution": { "text": "more of the population lives in the northern half of the country, with approximately a quarter of the populace residing in and around the capital of Zagreb; many of the islands are sparsely populated" }, "Urbanization": { "urban population": { "text": "57.6% of total population (2020)" }, "rate of urbanization": { "text": "-0.08% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)" } }, "Major urban areas - population": { "text": "685,000 ZAGREB (capital) (2020)" }, "Sex ratio": { "at birth": { "text": "1.06 male(s)/female" }, "0-14 years": { "text": "1.06 male(s)/female" }, "15-24 years": { "text": "1.05 male(s)/female" }, "25-54 years": { "text": "1 male(s)/female" }, "55-64 years": { "text": "0.94 male(s)/female" }, "65 years and over": { "text": "0.69 male(s)/female" }, "total population": { "text": "0.93 male(s)/female (2020 est.)" } }, "Mother's mean age at first birth": { "text": "28.9 years (2017 est.)" }, "Maternal mortality rate": { "text": "8 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.)" }, "Infant mortality rate": { "total": { "text": "8.91 deaths/1,000 live births" }, "male": { "text": "8.67 deaths/1,000 live births" }, "female": { "text": "9.15 deaths/1,000 live births (2021 est.)" } }, "Life expectancy at birth": { "total population": { "text": "76.97 years" }, "male": { "text": "73.83 years" }, "female": { "text": "80.3 years (2021 est.)" } }, "Total fertility rate": { "text": "1.44 children born/woman (2021 est.)" }, "Drinking water source": { "improved: urban": { "text": "urban: 100% of population" }, "improved: rural": { "text": "rural: 100% of population" }, "improved: total": { "text": "total: 100% of population" }, "unimproved: urban": { "text": "urban: 0% of population" }, "unimproved: rural": { "text": "rural: 0% of population" }, "unimproved: total": { "text": "total: 0% of population (2017 est.)" } }, "Current Health Expenditure": { "text": "6.8% (2017)" }, "Physicians density": { "text": "3 physicians/1,000 population (2016)" }, "Hospital bed density": { "text": "5.5 beds/1,000 population (2017)" }, "Sanitation facility access": { "improved: urban": { "text": "urban: 99.5% of population" }, "improved: rural": { "text": "rural: 98.4% of population" }, "improved: total": { "text": "total: 99% of population" }, "unimproved: urban": { "text": "urban: 0.5% of population" }, "unimproved: rural": { "text": "rural: 1.6% of population" }, "unimproved: total": { "text": "total: 1% of population (2017 est.)" } }, "HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "<.1% (2019 est.)" }, "HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS": { "text": "1,600 (2019 est.)" }, "HIV/AIDS - deaths": { "text": "<100 (2019 est.)" }, "Major infectious diseases": { "degree of risk": { "text": "intermediate (2020)" }, "vectorborne diseases": { "text": "tickborne encephalitis" } }, "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": { "text": "24.4% (2016)" }, "Education expenditures": { "text": "3.9% of GDP (2017)" }, "Literacy": { "definition": { "text": "age 15 and over can read and write" }, "total population": { "text": "99.3%" }, "male": { "text": "99.7%" }, "female": { "text": "98.9% (2015)" } }, "School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": { "total": { "text": "15 years" }, "male": { "text": "15 years" }, "female": { "text": "16 years (2018)" } }, "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": { "total": { "text": "23.7%" }, "male": { "text": "19.6%" }, "female": { "text": "29.4% (2018 est.)" } } }, "Government": { "Country name": { "conventional long form": { "text": "Republic of Croatia" }, "conventional short form": { "text": "Croatia" }, "local long form": { "text": "Republika Hrvatska" }, "local short form": { "text": "Hrvatska" }, "former": { "text": "People's Republic of Croatia, Socialist Republic of Croatia" }, "etymology": { "text": "name derives from the Croats, a Slavic tribe who migrated to the Balkans in the 7th century A.D." } }, "Government type": { "text": "parliamentary republic" }, "Capital": { "name": { "text": "Zagreb" }, "geographic coordinates": { "text": "45 48 N, 16 00 E" }, "time difference": { "text": "UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)" }, "daylight saving time": { "text": "+1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October" }, "note": "note: seats by party as of June 2019 - HDZ 55, SDP 29, MOST-NL 10, HNS 4, HSS 4, GLAS 4, IDS 3, SDSS 3, BM365-SRS 3, Human Shield 2, HDS 2, NHR 2, other 8, independent 21
" }, "Judicial branch": { "highest courts": { "text": "Supreme Court (consists of the court president and vice president, 25 civil department justices, and 16 criminal department justices)" }, "judge selection and term of office": { "text": "president of Supreme Court nominated by the president of Croatia and elected by the Sabor for a 4-year term; other Supreme Court justices appointed by the National Judicial Council; all judges serve until age 70" }, "subordinate courts": { "text": "Administrative Court; county, municipal, and specialized courts; note - there is an 11-member Constitutional Court with jurisdiction limited to constitutional issues but is outside of the judicial system" } }, "Political parties and leaders": { "text": "Bloc for Croatia or BZH [Zlatko HASANBEGOVIC]note: the Pan-Slav colors were inspired by the 19th-century flag of Russia
" }, "National symbol(s)": { "text": "red-white checkerboard; national colors: red, white, blue" }, "National anthem": { "name": { "text": "\"Lijepa nasa domovino\" (Our Beautiful Homeland)" }, "lyrics/music": { "text": "Antun MIHANOVIC/Josip RUNJANIN" }, "note": "note: adopted in 1972 while still part of Yugoslavia; \"Lijepa nasa domovino,\" whose lyrics were written in 1835, served as an unofficial anthem beginning in 1891
" } }, "Economy": { "Economic overview": { "text": "Though still one of the wealthiest of the former Yugoslav republics, Croatia’s economy suffered badly during the 1991-95 war. The country's output during that time collapsed, and Croatia missed the early waves of investment in Central and Eastern Europe that followed the fall of the Berlin Wall. Between 2000 and 2007, however, Croatia's economic fortunes began to improve with moderate but steady GDP growth between 4% and 6%, led by a rebound in tourism and credit-driven consumer spending. Inflation over the same period remained tame and the currency, the kuna, stable.
Croatia experienced an abrupt slowdown in the economy in 2008; economic growth was stagnant or negative in each year between 2009 and 2014, but has picked up since the third quarter of 2014, ending 2017 with an average of 2.8% growth. Challenges remain including uneven regional development, a difficult investment climate, an inefficient judiciary, and loss of educated young professionals seeking higher salaries elsewhere in the EU. In 2016, Croatia revised its tax code to stimulate growth from domestic consumption and foreign investment. Income tax reduction began in 2017, and in 2018 various business costs were removed from income tax calculations. At the start of 2018, the government announced its economic reform plan, slated for implementation in 2019.
Tourism is one of the main pillars of the Croatian economy, comprising 19.6% of Croatia’s GDP. Croatia is working to become a regional energy hub, and is undertaking plans to open a floating liquefied natural gas (LNG) regasification terminal by the end of 2019 or early in 2020 to import LNG for re-distribution in southeast Europe.
Croatia joined the EU on July 1, 2013, following a decade-long accession process. Croatia has developed a plan for Eurozone accession, and the government projects Croatia will adopt the Euro by 2024. In 2017, the Croatian government decreased public debt to 78% of GDP, from an all-time high of 84% in 2014, and realized a 0.8% budget surplus - the first surplus since independence in 1991. The government has also sought to accelerate privatization of non-strategic assets with mixed success. Croatia’s economic recovery is still somewhat fragile; Croatia’s largest private company narrowly avoided collapse in 2017, thanks to a capital infusion from an American investor. Restructuring is ongoing, and projected to finish by mid-July 2018.
" }, "Real GDP growth rate": { "Real GDP growth rate 2019": { "text": "2.94% (2019 est.)" }, "Real GDP growth rate 2018": { "text": "2.7% (2018 est.)" }, "Real GDP growth rate 2017": { "text": "3.14% (2017 est.)" } }, "Inflation rate (consumer prices)": { "Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2019": { "text": "0.7% (2019 est.)" }, "Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2018": { "text": "1.4% (2018 est.)" }, "Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2017": { "text": "1.1% (2017 est.)" } }, "Credit ratings": { "Fitch rating": { "text": "BBB- (2019)" }, "Moody's rating": { "text": "Ba1 (2020)" }, "Standard & Poors rating": { "text": "BBB- (2019)" } }, "Real GDP (purchasing power parity)": { "Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2019": { "text": "$116.339 billion (2019 est.)" }, "Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2018": { "text": "$113.105 billion (2018 est.)" }, "Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2017": { "text": "$110.016 billion (2017 est.)" }, "note": "note: data are in 2010 dollars
" }, "GDP (official exchange rate)": { "text": "$60.687 billion (2019 est.)" }, "Real GDP per capita": { "Real GDP per capita 2019": { "text": "$28,602 (2019 est.)" }, "Real GDP per capita 2018": { "text": "$27,669 (2018 est.)" }, "Real GDP per capita 2017": { "text": "$26,674 (2017 est.)" }, "note": "note: data are in 2010 dollars
" }, "Gross national saving": { "Gross national saving 2017": { "text": "24.7% of GDP (2017 est.)" }, "Gross national saving 2016": { "text": "23.4% of GDP (2016 est.)" }, "Gross national saving 2015": { "text": "24.5% of GDP (2015 est.)" } }, "GDP - composition, by sector of origin": { "agriculture": { "text": "3.7% (2017 est.)" }, "industry": { "text": "26.2% (2017 est.)" }, "services": { "text": "70.1% (2017 est.)" } }, "GDP - composition, by end use": { "household consumption": { "text": "57.3% (2017 est.)" }, "government consumption": { "text": "19.5% (2017 est.)" }, "investment in fixed capital": { "text": "20% (2017 est.)" }, "investment in inventories": { "text": "0% (2017 est.)" }, "exports of goods and services": { "text": "51.1% (2017 est.)" }, "imports of goods and services": { "text": "-48.8% (2017 est.)" } }, "Ease of Doing Business Index scores": { "Overall Ease of Doing Business score 2020": { "text": "73.6 (2020)" } }, "Agricultural products": { "text": "maize, wheat, sugar beet, milk, barley, soybeans, potatoes, pork, grapes, sunflower seed" }, "Industries": { "text": "chemicals and plastics, machine tools, fabricated metal, electronics, pig iron and rolled steel products, aluminum, paper, wood products, construction materials, textiles, shipbuilding, petroleum and petroleum refining, food and beverages, tourism" }, "Industrial production growth rate": { "text": "1.2% (2017 est.)" }, "Labor force": { "text": "1.656 million (2020 est.)" }, "Labor force - by occupation": { "agriculture": { "text": "1.9%" }, "industry": { "text": "27.3%" }, "services": { "text": "70.8% (2017 est.)" } }, "Unemployment rate": { "Unemployment rate 2019": { "text": "8.07% (2019 est.)" }, "Unemployment rate 2018": { "text": "9.86% (2018 est.)" } }, "Population below poverty line": { "text": "19.5% (2015 est.)" }, "Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income": { "Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2017": { "text": "30.4 (2017 est.)" }, "Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2014": { "text": "32.1 (2014 est.)" } }, "Household income or consumption by percentage share": { "lowest 10%": { "text": "2.7%" }, "highest 10%": { "text": "23% (2015 est.)" } }, "Budget": { "revenues": { "text": "25.24 billion (2017 est.)" }, "expenditures": { "text": "24.83 billion (2017 est.)" } }, "Taxes and other revenues": { "text": "46.1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)" }, "Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)": { "text": "0.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)" }, "Public debt": { "Public debt 2017": { "text": "77.8% of GDP (2017 est.)" }, "Public debt 2016": { "text": "82.3% of GDP (2016 est.)" } }, "Fiscal year": { "text": "calendar year" }, "Current account balance": { "Current account balance 2019": { "text": "$1.597 billion (2019 est.)" }, "Current account balance 2018": { "text": "$1 billion (2018 est.)" } }, "Exports": { "Exports 2019": { "text": "$36.28 billion (2019 est.)" }, "Exports 2018": { "text": "$33.97 billion (2018 est.)" }, "Exports 2017": { "text": "$32.75 billion (2017 est.)" } }, "Exports - partners": { "text": "Italy 13.4%, Germany 12.2%, Slovenia 10.6%, Bosnia and Herzegovina 9.8%, Austria 6.2%, Serbia 4.8% (2017)" }, "Exports - commodities": { "text": "transport equipment, machinery, textiles, chemicals, foodstuffs, fuels" }, "Imports": { "Imports 2019": { "text": "$37.612 billion (2019 est.)" }, "Imports 2018": { "text": "$35.367 billion (2018 est.)" }, "Imports 2017": { "text": "$32.899 billion (2017 est.)" } }, "Imports - partners": { "text": "Germany 15.7%, Italy 12.9%, Slovenia 10.7%, Hungary 7.5%, Austria 7.5% (2017)" }, "Imports - commodities": { "text": "machinery, transport and electrical equipment; chemicals, fuels and lubricants; foodstuffs" }, "Reserves of foreign exchange and gold": { "Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 31 December 2017": { "text": "$18.82 billion (31 December 2017 est.)" }, "Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 31 December 2016": { "text": "$14.24 billion (31 December 2016 est.)" } }, "Debt - external": { "Debt - external 31 December 2017": { "text": "$48.1 billion (31 December 2017 est.)" }, "Debt - external 31 December 2016": { "text": "$46.96 billion (31 December 2016 est.)" } }, "Exchange rates": { "currency": { "text": "kuna (HRK) per US dollar -" }, "Exchange rates 2020": { "text": "6.2474 (2020 est.)" }, "Exchange rates 2019": { "text": "6.72075 (2019 est.)" }, "Exchange rates 2018": { "text": "6.48905 (2018 est.)" }, "Exchange rates 2014": { "text": "6.8583 (2014 est.)" }, "Exchange rates 2013": { "text": "5.7482 (2013 est.)" } } }, "Energy": { "Electricity access": { "electrification - total population": { "text": "100% (2020)" } }, "Electricity - production": { "text": "12.2 billion kWh (2016 est.)" }, "Electricity - consumption": { "text": "15.93 billion kWh (2016 est.)" }, "Electricity - exports": { "text": "3.2 billion kWh (2016 est.)" }, "Electricity - imports": { "text": "8.702 billion kWh (2016 est.)" }, "Electricity - installed generating capacity": { "text": "4.921 million kW (2016 est.)" }, "Electricity - from fossil fuels": { "text": "45% of total installed capacity (2016 est.)" }, "Electricity - from nuclear fuels": { "text": "0% of total installed capacity (2017 est.)" }, "Electricity - from hydroelectric plants": { "text": "40% of total installed capacity (2017 est.)" }, "Electricity - from other renewable sources": { "text": "16% of total installed capacity (2017 est.)" }, "Crude oil - production": { "text": "14,000 bbl/day (2018 est.)" }, "Crude oil - exports": { "text": "0 bbl/day (2015 est.)" }, "Crude oil - imports": { "text": "55,400 bbl/day (2015 est.)" }, "Crude oil - proved reserves": { "text": "71 million bbl (1 January 2018 est.)" }, "Refined petroleum products - production": { "text": "74,620 bbl/day (2015 est.)" }, "Refined petroleum products - consumption": { "text": "73,000 bbl/day (2016 est.)" }, "Refined petroleum products - exports": { "text": "40,530 bbl/day (2015 est.)" }, "Refined petroleum products - imports": { "text": "35,530 bbl/day (2015 est.)" }, "Natural gas - production": { "text": "1.048 billion cu m (2017 est.)" }, "Natural gas - consumption": { "text": "2.577 billion cu m (2017 est.)" }, "Natural gas - exports": { "text": "172.7 million cu m (2017 est.)" }, "Natural gas - imports": { "text": "1.841 billion cu m (2017 est.)" }, "Natural gas - proved reserves": { "text": "24.92 billion cu m (1 January 2018 est.)" }, "Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy": { "text": "17.96 million Mt (2017 est.)" } }, "Communications": { "Telephones - fixed lines": { "total subscriptions": { "text": "1,371,999" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { "text": "32.29 (2019 est.)" } }, "Telephones - mobile cellular": { "total subscriptions": { "text": "4,531,122" }, "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": { "text": "106.64 (2019 est.)" } }, "Telecommunication systems": { "general assessment": { "text": "the mobile market has one of the highest penetration rates in the Balkans region; covering much of what were once inaccessible areas; local lines are digital; telecom market in Croatia has been shaped by Croatia becoming part of the European Union in 2013, a process which opened up the market and the creation of a regulatory environment leading to competition in mobile and broadband; investment among operators has led to a relatively high broadband penetration in the region; trials for 5G technologies underway (2020)" }, "domestic": { "text": "fixed-line teledensity has dropped somewhat to about 32 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions 107 per 100 (2019)" }, "international": { "text": "country code - 385; the ADRIA-1 submarine cable provides connectivity to Albania and Greece; digital international service is provided through the main switch in Zagreb; Croatia participates in the Trans-Asia-Europe fiber-optic project, which consists of 2 fiber-optic trunk connections with Slovenia and a fiber-optic trunk line from Rijeka to Split and Dubrovnik (2019)" }, "note": "dispute remains with Bosnia and Herzegovina over several small sections of the boundary related to maritime access that hinders ratification of the 1999 border agreement; since the breakup of Yugoslavia in the early 1990s, Croatia and Slovenia have each claimed sovereignty over Piranski Bay and four villages, and Slovenia has objected to Croatia's claim of an exclusive economic zone in the Adriatic Sea; in 2009, however Croatia and Slovenia signed a binding international arbitration agreement to define their disputed land and maritime borders, which led to Slovenia lifting its objections to Croatia joining the EU; Slovenia continues to impose a hard border Schengen regime with Croatia, which joined the EU in 2013 but has not yet fulfilled Schengen requirements
" }, "Refugees and internally displaced persons": { "stateless persons": { "text": "2,886 (2019)" }, "note": "note: 713,772 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-October 2020); flows slowed considerably in 2017; Croatia is predominantly a transit country and hosts about 340 asylum seekers as of the end of June 2018
" }, "Illicit drugs": { "text": "primarily a transit country along the Balkan route for maritime shipments of South American cocaine bound for Western Europe and other illicit drugs and chemical precursors to and from Western Europe; no significant domestic production of illicit drugs" } } }