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auto-update week 9
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"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (no term limits); first election held on 23 June and 10 July 1994; according to the 1994 constitution, the next election should have been held in 1999; however, Alyaksandr LUKASHENKA extended his term to 2001 via a November 1996 referendum; subsequent election held on 9 September 2001; an October 2004 referendum ended presidential term limits and allowed the President LUKASHENKA to run and win a third term (19 March 2006); a fourth term (19 December 2010); a fifth term (11 October 2015); a sixth term (9 August 2020); a seventh term (26 January 2025); next election to be held in 2030; prime minister and deputy prime ministers appointed by the president and approved by the National Assembly"
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},
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"election results": {
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"text": "<em><br>2025: Alyaksandr LUKASHENKA reelected president; percent of vote - Alyaksandr LUKASHENKA (independent) 86.8%, Sergey Syrankov (Communist Party) with 3.2%, 3.6% voting against all<br><br>2020:</em> Alyaksandr LUKASHENKA reelected president; percent of vote - Alyaksandr LUKASHENKA (independent) 80.1%, Svyatlana TSIKHANOWSKAYA (independent) 10.1%, other 9.8%; note - widespread street protests erupted following announcement of the election results amid allegations of voter fraud<br><em><br>2015:</em> Alyaksandr LUKASHENKA elected president; percent of vote - Alyaksandr LUKASHENKA (independent) 84.1%, Tatsyana KARATKEVIC (BSDPH) 4.4%, Sergey GAYDUKEVICH (LDP) 3.3%, other 8.2%."
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"text": "<em><br>2025: </em>Alyaksandr LUKASHENKA reelected president; percent of vote - Alyaksandr LUKASHENKA (independent) 86.8%, Sergey Syrankov (Communist Party) 3.2%, 3.6% voting against all<em><br><br>2020:</em> Alyaksandr LUKASHENKA reelected president; percent of vote - Alyaksandr LUKASHENKA (independent) 80.1%, Svyatlana TSIKHANOWSKAYA (independent) 10.1%, other 9.8%; note - widespread street protests erupted following announcement of the election results amid allegations of voter fraud<br><em><br>2015:</em> Alyaksandr LUKASHENKA elected president; percent of vote - Alyaksandr LUKASHENKA (independent) 84.1%, Tatsyana KARATKEVIC (BSDPH) 4.4%, Sergey GAYDUKEVICH (LDP) 3.3%, other 8.2%."
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}
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},
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"Legislative branch": {
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@ -571,24 +571,6 @@
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},
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"legislative structure": {
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"text": "bicameral"
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},
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"chamber name": {
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"text": "Council of the Republic<br>House of Representatives"
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},
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"number of seats": {
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"text": "Council of the Republic - 56<br>House of Representatives - 110"
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},
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"electoral system": {
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"text": "Plurality/majority"
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},
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"most recent election date": {
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"text": "Council of the Republic 4 April 2024<br>House of Representatives 25 February 2024"
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},
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"parties elected and seats per party": {
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"text": "Council of the Republic - seats by party - independent 54, other 2<br>House of Representatives - seats by party - Belaya Rus 51, RPTS 8, CPB 7, LDPB 4, independent 40"
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},
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"expected date of next election": {
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"text": "Council of the Republic - 31 March 2029<br>House of Representatives -2 February 2029"
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}
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},
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"Legislative branch - lower chamber": {
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@ -618,7 +618,7 @@
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}
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},
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"Political parties": {
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"text": "Aontu <br>Solidarity-People Before Profit or PBP-S <br>Fianna Fail <br>Fine Gael <br>Green Party <br>Human Dignity Alliance<br>Independent Ireland <br>Labor (Labour) Party <br>Right to Change or RTC<br>Sinn Fein <br>Social Democrats <br>Socialist Party<br>The Workers' Party"
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"text": "Aontu <br>Solidarity-People Before Profit or PBP-S <br>Fianna Fail <br>Fine Gael <br>Green Party <br>Human Dignity Alliance<br>Independent Ireland <br>Labor (Labour) Party<br>100% Redress <br>Right to Change or RTC<br>Sinn Fein <br>Social Democrats <br>Socialist Party<br>The Workers' Party"
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},
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"International organization participation": {
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"text": "ADB (nonregional member), Australia Group, BIS, CD, CE, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, FATF, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD (partners), IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINURSO, MONUSCO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, Paris Club, PCA, PFP, UN, UNCTAD, UNDOF, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNOCI, UNRWA, UNTSO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC"
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@ -690,7 +690,7 @@
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},
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"Economy": {
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"Economic overview": {
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"text": "strong, export-based EU economy; multinational-business-friendly environment known for resilience, even amid COVID-19 disruptions; real wage growth beyond other OECD members; high livings standards; strong social equity and cohesion; aging labor force"
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"text": "<p>high-income, export-oriented EU economy; large multinational business sector contributes to growth and tax revenues but poses volatility risks; high living standards; strong labor market challenged by skill shortages and aging workforce</p>"
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},
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"Real GDP (purchasing power parity)": {
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"Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023": {
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@ -569,15 +569,6 @@
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},
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"legislative structure": {
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"text": "bicameral"
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},
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"chamber name": {
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"text": "Senate or Senat<br>Chamber of Deputies or Poslanecka Snemovna"
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},
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"number of seats": {
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"text": "Senate - 81 seats<br>Chamber of Deputies or Poslanecka Snemovna 200 seats"
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},
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"expected date of next election": {
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"text": "Senate 30 September 2026<br>Chamber of Deputies 31 October 2025"
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}
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},
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"Legislative branch - lower chamber": {
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@ -591,7 +591,7 @@
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}
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},
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"Political parties": {
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"text": "<p>Centrist Party (Midflokkurinn) or CP <br>Independence Party (Sjalfstaedisflokkurinn) or IP <br>Left-Green Movement (Vinstrihreyfingin-graent frambod) or LGM <br>People's Party (Flokkur Folksins) <br>Pirate Party (Piratar) <br>Progressive Party (Framsoknarflokkurinn) or PP <br>Reform Party (Vidreisn) <br>Social Democratic Alliance (Samfylkingin) or SDA </p>"
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"text": "<p>Center Party (Midflokkurinn) or CP <br>Independence Party (Sjalfstaedisflokkurinn) or IP <br>Left-Green Movement (Vinstrihreyfingin-graent frambod) or LGM <br>Liberal Reform Party (Vidreisn) <br>People's Party (Flokkur Folksins) <br>Pirate Party (Piratar) <br>Progressive Party (Framsoknarflokkurinn) or PP <br>Social Democratic Alliance (Samfylkingin) or SDA </p>"
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},
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"International organization participation": {
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"text": "Arctic Council, Australia Group, BIS, CBSS, CD, CE, EAPC, EBRD, EFTA, FAO, FATF, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NATO, NC, NEA, NIB, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, Schengen Convention, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
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@ -988,15 +988,15 @@
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"Communications": {
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"Telephones - fixed lines": {
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"total subscriptions": {
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"text": "93,000 (2022 est.)"
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"text": "82,000 (2023 est.)"
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},
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"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
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"text": "25 (2022 est.)"
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"text": "21 (2023 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
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"total subscriptions": {
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"text": "457,000 (2022 est.)"
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"text": "478,000 (2023 est.)"
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},
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"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
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"text": "123 (2022 est.)"
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@ -1021,15 +1021,15 @@
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},
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"Internet users": {
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"percent of population": {
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"text": "100% (2021 est.)"
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"text": "100% (2022 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Broadband - fixed subscriptions": {
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"total": {
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"text": "141,816 (2020 est.)"
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"text": "145,000 (2023 est.)"
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},
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"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
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"text": "42 (2020 est.)"
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"text": "37 (2023 est.)"
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}
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}
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},
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@ -603,6 +603,9 @@
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"percentage of women in chamber": {
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"text": "21.2%"
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},
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"expected date of next election": {
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"text": "May 2025"
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},
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"note": "<strong>note 1:</strong> the next legislative election is expected to take place after the Russian-Ukrainian War ends<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> voting not held in Crimea and parts of two Russian-occupied eastern oblasts leaving 26 seats vacant; although this brings the total to 424 elected members (of 450 potential), article 83 of the constitution mandates that a parliamentary majority consists of 226 seats"
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},
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"Judicial branch": {
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