From d459d21de8b0c738deeab0c4d3335fa6566412b1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Yo Robot Date: Thu, 3 Jul 2025 22:21:03 +0000 Subject: [PATCH] auto-update week 27 --- africa/ag.json | 10 ++++++++-- africa/ao.json | 12 +++++++++--- africa/bc.json | 12 +++++++++--- africa/bn.json | 10 ++++++++-- africa/by.json | 10 ++++++++-- africa/cd.json | 7 +++++-- africa/cf.json | 10 ++++++++-- africa/cg.json | 10 ++++++++-- africa/cm.json | 10 ++++++++-- africa/cn.json | 12 +++++++++--- africa/ct.json | 10 ++++++++-- africa/cv.json | 10 ++++++++-- africa/dj.json | 10 ++++++++-- africa/eg.json | 10 ++++++++-- africa/ek.json | 10 ++++++++-- africa/er.json | 16 +++++++++++----- africa/et.json | 9 ++++++--- africa/ga.json | 18 ++++++++++++------ africa/gb.json | 9 ++++++--- africa/gh.json | 23 +++++++++++++++-------- africa/gv.json | 13 ++++++++----- africa/iv.json | 10 ++++++++-- africa/ke.json | 13 +++++++++++-- africa/li.json | 10 ++++++++-- africa/lt.json | 6 +++--- africa/ly.json | 14 ++++++++++---- africa/ma.json | 10 ++++++++-- africa/mi.json | 12 +++++++++--- africa/ml.json | 9 ++++++--- africa/mo.json | 4 ++-- africa/mp.json | 10 ++++++++-- africa/mr.json | 12 +++++++++--- africa/mz.json | 13 ++++++++----- africa/ng.json | 14 ++++++++++---- africa/ni.json | 12 +++++++++--- africa/od.json | 10 ++++++++-- africa/pu.json | 14 ++++++++++---- africa/rw.json | 13 ++++++++++--- africa/se.json | 12 +++++++++--- africa/sf.json | 12 +++++++++--- africa/sg.json | 10 ++++++++-- africa/sl.json | 12 +++++++++--- africa/so.json | 10 ++++++++-- africa/su.json | 7 +++++-- africa/to.json | 2 +- africa/tp.json | 10 ++++++++-- africa/ts.json | 10 ++++++++-- africa/tz.json | 10 ++++++++-- africa/ug.json | 10 ++++++++-- africa/uv.json | 12 +++++++++--- africa/wa.json | 10 ++++++++-- africa/wz.json | 10 ++-------- africa/za.json | 10 ++++++++-- africa/zi.json | 10 ++++++++-- australia-oceania/aq.json | 10 ++++++++-- australia-oceania/as.json | 6 +++--- australia-oceania/bp.json | 4 ++-- australia-oceania/ck.json | 2 +- australia-oceania/cq.json | 10 ++++++++-- australia-oceania/cw.json | 2 +- australia-oceania/fj.json | 21 +++++++++------------ australia-oceania/fm.json | 10 ++++++++-- australia-oceania/fp.json | 6 +++--- australia-oceania/gq.json | 12 +++++++++--- australia-oceania/kr.json | 14 ++++++++++---- australia-oceania/kt.json | 4 ++-- australia-oceania/nc.json | 10 ++++++++-- australia-oceania/ne.json | 10 ++++++++-- australia-oceania/nf.json | 4 ++-- australia-oceania/nh.json | 12 +++++++++--- australia-oceania/nr.json | 10 ++++++++-- australia-oceania/nz.json | 4 ++-- australia-oceania/pc.json | 8 +++++++- australia-oceania/ps.json | 16 +++++++++++----- australia-oceania/rm.json | 10 ++++++++-- australia-oceania/tl.json | 2 +- australia-oceania/tn.json | 11 +++++++---- australia-oceania/tv.json | 6 +++--- australia-oceania/wf.json | 4 ++-- australia-oceania/ws.json | 14 ++++++++++---- central-america-n-caribbean/aa.json | 19 ++++++++----------- central-america-n-caribbean/ac.json | 6 +++--- central-america-n-caribbean/av.json | 6 +++--- central-america-n-caribbean/bb.json | 10 ++++++++-- central-america-n-caribbean/bf.json | 8 ++++---- central-america-n-caribbean/bh.json | 4 ++-- central-america-n-caribbean/cj.json | 2 +- central-america-n-caribbean/cs.json | 14 ++++++++++---- central-america-n-caribbean/cu.json | 10 ++++++++-- central-america-n-caribbean/do.json | 20 +++++++++----------- central-america-n-caribbean/dr.json | 10 ++++++++-- central-america-n-caribbean/es.json | 10 ++++++++-- central-america-n-caribbean/gj.json | 6 +++--- central-america-n-caribbean/gt.json | 14 ++++++++++---- central-america-n-caribbean/ha.json | 12 +++++++++--- central-america-n-caribbean/ho.json | 10 ++++++++-- central-america-n-caribbean/jm.json | 18 +++--------------- central-america-n-caribbean/mh.json | 4 ++-- central-america-n-caribbean/nn.json | 4 ++-- central-america-n-caribbean/nu.json | 12 +++++++++--- central-america-n-caribbean/pm.json | 10 ++++++++-- central-america-n-caribbean/rn.json | 8 +++++++- central-america-n-caribbean/rq.json | 10 ++++++++-- central-america-n-caribbean/sc.json | 4 ++-- central-america-n-caribbean/st.json | 4 ++-- central-america-n-caribbean/tb.json | 10 ++++++++-- central-america-n-caribbean/td.json | 19 ++++++++----------- central-america-n-caribbean/uc.json | 10 ++++++++-- central-america-n-caribbean/vc.json | 10 ++-------- central-america-n-caribbean/vi.json | 4 ++-- central-america-n-caribbean/vq.json | 8 +++++++- central-asia/kg.json | 10 ++++++++-- central-asia/kz.json | 10 ++++++++-- central-asia/rs.json | 12 +++++++++--- central-asia/ti.json | 10 ++++++++-- central-asia/tx.json | 10 ++++++++-- central-asia/uz.json | 10 ++++++++-- east-n-southeast-asia/bm.json | 12 +++++++++--- east-n-southeast-asia/bx.json | 2 +- east-n-southeast-asia/cb.json | 2 +- east-n-southeast-asia/ch.json | 14 ++++++++++---- east-n-southeast-asia/hk.json | 22 ++++++++-------------- east-n-southeast-asia/id.json | 10 ++++++++-- east-n-southeast-asia/ja.json | 4 ++-- east-n-southeast-asia/kn.json | 16 +++++++++++----- east-n-southeast-asia/ks.json | 12 +++++++++--- east-n-southeast-asia/la.json | 10 ++++++++-- east-n-southeast-asia/mc.json | 19 ++++++++----------- east-n-southeast-asia/mg.json | 16 +++++++++++----- east-n-southeast-asia/my.json | 12 +++++++++--- east-n-southeast-asia/pp.json | 4 ++-- east-n-southeast-asia/rp.json | 12 +++++++++--- east-n-southeast-asia/sn.json | 12 +++++++++--- east-n-southeast-asia/th.json | 4 ++-- east-n-southeast-asia/tt.json | 10 ++++++++-- east-n-southeast-asia/tw.json | 16 +++++++++++----- east-n-southeast-asia/vm.json | 4 ++-- europe/al.json | 10 ++++++++-- europe/an.json | 10 ++++++++-- europe/au.json | 17 +++++++++++++---- europe/be.json | 4 ++-- europe/bk.json | 12 +++++++++--- europe/bo.json | 10 ++++++++-- europe/bu.json | 13 +++++++++++-- europe/cy.json | 14 ++++++++++---- europe/da.json | 14 +++++++------- europe/ee.json | 2 +- europe/ei.json | 17 +++++++++++++---- europe/en.json | 12 +++++++++--- europe/ez.json | 12 +++++++++--- europe/fi.json | 14 ++++++++++---- europe/fo.json | 8 +++++++- europe/fr.json | 16 +++++++++++----- europe/gi.json | 9 ++++++--- europe/gk.json | 10 ++++++++-- europe/gm.json | 18 ++++++++++++------ europe/gr.json | 16 +++++++++++----- europe/hr.json | 10 ++++++++-- europe/hu.json | 10 ++++++++-- europe/ic.json | 10 ++++++++-- europe/im.json | 13 +++++++++++-- europe/it.json | 14 ++++++++++---- europe/je.json | 2 +- europe/kv.json | 10 ++++++++-- europe/lg.json | 10 ++++++++-- europe/lh.json | 10 ++++++++-- europe/lo.json | 12 +++++++++--- europe/ls.json | 4 ++-- europe/lu.json | 4 ++-- europe/md.json | 10 ++++++++-- europe/mj.json | 10 ++++++++-- europe/mk.json | 10 ++++++++-- europe/mn.json | 2 +- europe/mt.json | 10 ++++++++-- europe/nl.json | 9 +++++---- europe/no.json | 6 +++--- europe/pl.json | 7 +++++-- europe/po.json | 10 ++++++++-- europe/ri.json | 10 ++++++++-- europe/ro.json | 15 +++++++++++---- europe/si.json | 10 ++++++++-- europe/sm.json | 10 ++++++++-- europe/sp.json | 12 +++++++++--- europe/sw.json | 2 +- europe/sz.json | 14 ++++++++++---- europe/uk.json | 7 +++++-- europe/up.json | 14 ++++++++++---- europe/vt.json | 2 +- middle-east/ae.json | 10 ++++++++-- middle-east/aj.json | 10 ++++++++-- middle-east/am.json | 14 ++++++++++---- middle-east/ba.json | 2 +- middle-east/gg.json | 14 ++++++++++---- middle-east/ir.json | 7 +++++-- middle-east/is.json | 12 +++++++++--- middle-east/iz.json | 7 +++++-- middle-east/jo.json | 2 +- middle-east/ku.json | 2 +- middle-east/le.json | 10 ++++++++-- middle-east/mu.json | 2 +- middle-east/qa.json | 2 +- middle-east/sa.json | 4 ++-- middle-east/sy.json | 12 +++++++++--- middle-east/tu.json | 12 +++++++++--- middle-east/ym.json | 9 ++++++--- north-america/bd.json | 6 +++--- north-america/ca.json | 4 ++-- north-america/gl.json | 6 +++--- north-america/mx.json | 10 ++++++++-- north-america/sb.json | 5 ++++- north-america/us.json | 12 +++++++++--- south-america/ar.json | 14 ++++++++++---- south-america/bl.json | 14 ++++++++++---- south-america/br.json | 10 ++++++++-- south-america/ci.json | 12 +++++++++--- south-america/co.json | 10 ++++++++-- south-america/ec.json | 10 ++++++++-- south-america/fk.json | 4 ++-- south-america/gy.json | 12 +++++++++--- south-america/ns.json | 12 +++++++++--- south-america/pa.json | 10 ++++++++-- south-america/pe.json | 10 ++++++++-- south-america/uy.json | 10 ++++++++-- south-america/ve.json | 10 ++++++++-- south-asia/af.json | 7 +++++-- south-asia/bg.json | 10 ++++++++-- south-asia/bt.json | 2 +- south-asia/ce.json | 22 ++++++++-------------- south-asia/in.json | 12 +++++++++--- south-asia/io.json | 6 +++--- south-asia/mv.json | 10 ++++++++-- south-asia/np.json | 14 ++++++++++---- south-asia/pk.json | 22 ++++++++-------------- 233 files changed, 1617 insertions(+), 694 deletions(-) diff --git a/africa/ag.json b/africa/ag.json index eb6d425e..01af1510 100644 --- a/africa/ag.json +++ b/africa/ag.json @@ -542,10 +542,16 @@ "text": "Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in two rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 7 September 2024 (next to be held in 2029); prime minister nominated by the president after consultation with the majority party in Parliament" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in two rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister nominated by the president after consultation with the majority party in Parliament" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "7 September 2024" }, "election results": { "text": "
2024: Abdelmadjid TEBBOUNE (NLF) 94.7%, Abdelaali Hassani CHERIF (MSP) 3.2%, Youcef AOUCHICHE (FFS) 2.2%

2019: (FLN) 58.1%, Abdelkader BENGRINA (El-Bina) 17.4%, Ali BENFLIS (Talaie El Hurriyet) 10.6%, Azzedine MIHOUBI (RND) 7.3%, Abdelaziz BELAID (Future Front) 6.7%" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2029" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -682,7 +688,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "five-pointed star between the extended horns of a crescent moon; fennec fox" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "green, white, red" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/africa/ao.json b/africa/ao.json index 873ca920..842b6330 100644 --- a/africa/ao.json +++ b/africa/ao.json @@ -533,16 +533,22 @@ "text": "President Joao Manuel Goncalves LOURENCO (since 26 September 2017)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "President Joao Manuel Goncalves LOURENCO " + "text": "President Joao Manuel Goncalves LOURENCO" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "the candidate of the winning party or coalition in the last legislative election becomes the president; president serves a 5-year term (eligible for a second consecutive or discontinuous term); last held on 24 August 2022 (next to be held in 2027)" + "text": "the candidate of the winning party or coalition in the last legislative election becomes the president; president serves a 5-year term (eligible for a second consecutive or discontinuous term)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "24 August 2022" }, "election results": { "text": "Joao Manuel Goncalves LOURENCO (MPLA) elected president by then winning party following the 24 August 2022 general election" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2027" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -646,7 +652,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "giant black sable antelope (Palanca negra gigante)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, black, yellow" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/africa/bc.json b/africa/bc.json index f140df4e..d13a3682 100644 --- a/africa/bc.json +++ b/africa/bc.json @@ -540,10 +540,16 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president indirectly elected by the National Assembly for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 31 October 2024 (next to be held in October 2029); vice president appointed by the president" + "text": "president indirectly elected by the National Assembly for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); vice president appointed by the president" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "31 October 2024" }, "election results": { - "text": "national elections held in 2024 gave BOKO's UDC 35 seats in the National Assembly, which then selected BOKO as president" + "text": "BOKO's UDC won 35 seats in the National Assembly, which then selected BOKO as president" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "October 2029" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -648,7 +654,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "zebra" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "light blue, white, black" }, "National coat of arms": { diff --git a/africa/bn.json b/africa/bn.json index 3f4928a2..8647f95f 100644 --- a/africa/bn.json +++ b/africa/bn.json @@ -551,11 +551,17 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); last held on 11 April 2021 (next to be held on 12 April 2026)" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "11 April 2021" }, "election results": { "text": "
2021: Patrice TALON reelected president in the ; percent of vote - Patrice TALON (independent) 86.3%, Alassane SOUMANOU (FCBE) 11.4%, Corentin KOHOUE (The Democrats) 2.3%

2016: Patrice TALON elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Lionel ZINSOU (FCBE) 28.4%, Patrice TALON (independent) 24.8%, Sebastien AJAVON (independent) 23%, Abdoulaye Bio TCHANE (ABT) 8.8%, Pascal KOUPAKI (NC) 5.9%, other 9.1%; percent of vote in second round - Patrice TALON 65.4%, Lionel ZINSOU 34.6%" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "12 April 2026" + }, "note": "note: the president is both head of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -660,7 +666,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "leopard" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "green, yellow, red" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/africa/by.json b/africa/by.json index fa649751..56d3d161 100644 --- a/africa/by.json +++ b/africa/by.json @@ -552,10 +552,16 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 7-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 20 May 2020 (next to be held in May 2027); vice presidents nominated by the president, endorsed by Parliament" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 7-year term (eligible for a second term); vice presidents nominated by the president, endorsed by Parliament" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "20 May 2020" }, "election results": { "text": "
2020: Evariste NDAYISHIMIYE elected president; percent of vote - Evariste NDAYISHIMIYE (CNDD-FDD) 71.5%, Agathon RWASA (CNL) 25.2%, Gaston SINDIMWO (UPRONA) 1.7%, other 1.6%

2015: Pierre NKURUNZIZA reelected president; percent of vote - Pierre NKURUNZIZA (CNDD-FDD) 69.4%, Agathon RWASA (Hope of Burundians - Amizerio y'ABARUNDI) 19%, other 11.6%" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "May 2027" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -689,7 +695,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "lion" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white, green" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/africa/cd.json b/africa/cd.json index dae44160..ca9a3803 100644 --- a/africa/cd.json +++ b/africa/cd.json @@ -556,7 +556,10 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (no term limits); election last held on 6 May 2024 (next to be held NA)" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (no term limits)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "6 May 2024" }, "election results": { "text": "
2024: Mahamat Idriss DÉBY elected president; percent of vote - Mahamat Idriss DÉBY (MPS) 61%, Succes MASRA (Transformers) 18.5%, Albert PADACKE 16.9%, other 3.6%

2021: Lt. Gen. Idriss DÉBY reelected transitional president; percent of vote - Lt. Gen. Idriss DÉBY (MPS) 79.3%, Pahimi PADACKET Albert (RNDT) 10.3%, Lydie BEASSEMDA (Party for Democracy and Independence) 3.2%, other 7.2%

" @@ -690,7 +693,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "goat (north), lion (south)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, yellow, red" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/africa/cf.json b/africa/cf.json index 290c4783..560f6209 100644 --- a/africa/cf.json +++ b/africa/cf.json @@ -562,10 +562,16 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for 2 additional terms); election last held on 21 March 2021 (next to be held on 21 March 2026)" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for 2 additional terms)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "21 March 2021" }, "election results": { "text": "
2021: Denis SASSOU-Nguesso reelected president in the first round; percent of vote - Denis SASSOU-Nguesso (PCT) 88.4%, Guy Price Parfait KOLELAS (MCDDI) 8.0%, other 3.6%

2016: Denis SASSOU-Nguesso reelected president in the first round; percent of vote - Denis SASSOU-Nguesso (PCT) 60.4%, Guy Price Parfait KOLELAS (MCDDI) 15.1%, Jean-Marie MOKOKO (independent) 13.9%, Pascal Tsaty MABIALA (UPADS) 4.4%, other 6.2%" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "21 March 2026" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -693,7 +699,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "lion, elephant" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "green, yellow, red" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/africa/cg.json b/africa/cg.json index 8d746063..79e200f5 100644 --- a/africa/cg.json +++ b/africa/cg.json @@ -579,10 +579,16 @@ "text": "Ministers of State appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by simple majority vote for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 20 December 2023 (next to be held on 20 December 2028); prime minister appointed by the president" + "text": "president directly elected by simple majority vote for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister appointed by the president" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "20 December 2023" }, "election results": { "text": "
2023: Felix TSHISEKEDI reelected president; percent of vote - Felix TSHISEKEDI (UDPS) 73.3%, Moise KATUMBI (Ensemble) 18.8%, Martin FAYULU (ECIDE) 5.3%, other 2.6%

2018: Felix TSHISEKEDI elected president; percent of vote - Felix TSHISEKEDI (UDPS) 38.6%, Martin FAYULU (Lamuka coalition) 34.8%, Emmanuel Ramazani SHADARY (PPRD) 23.9%, other 2.7%" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "20 December 2028" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -714,7 +720,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "leopard" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "sky blue, red, yellow" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/africa/cm.json b/africa/cm.json index bcc005ae..b7abfe57 100644 --- a/africa/cm.json +++ b/africa/cm.json @@ -569,10 +569,16 @@ "text": "Cabinet proposed by the prime minister, appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 7-year term (no term limits); election last held on 7 October 2018 (next to be held in October 2025); prime minister appointed by the president" + "text": "president directly elected by simple-majority popular vote for a 7-year term (no term limits); prime minister appointed by the president" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "7 October 2018" }, "election results": { "text": "
2018: Paul BIYA reelected president; percent of vote - Paul BIYA (CPDM) 71.3%, Maurice KAMTO (MRC) 14.2%, Cabral LIBII (Univers) 6.3%, other 8.2%

2011: Paul BIYA reelected president; percent of vote - Paul BIYA (CPDM) 78.0%, John FRU NDI (SDF) 10.7%, Garga Haman ADJI 3.2%, other 8.1% (2018)" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "October 2025" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -705,7 +711,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "lion" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "green, red, yellow" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/africa/cn.json b/africa/cn.json index c6c4ff39..9473077a 100644 --- a/africa/cn.json +++ b/africa/cn.json @@ -516,7 +516,7 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President AZALI Assoumani (since 26 May 2016) " + "text": "President AZALI Assoumani (since 26 May 2016)" }, "head of government": { "text": "President AZALI Assoumani (since 26 May 2016)" @@ -525,11 +525,17 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term; election last held on 14 January 2024 (next to be held in 2029)" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "14 January 2024" }, "election results": { "text": "
2024: AZALI Assoumani reelected president in first round - AZALI Assoumani (CRC) 63%, SALIM ISSA Abdallah (PJ) 20.3%, DAOUDOU Abdallah Mohamed (Orange Party) 5.9%, Bourhane HAMIDOU (independent) 5.1%

2019: AZALI Assoumani elected president in first round - AZALI Assoumani (CRC) 60.8%, Ahamada MAHAMOUDOU (PJ) 14.6%, Mouigni Baraka Said SOILIHI (independent) 5.6%, other 19%" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2029" + }, "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -618,7 +624,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "four five-pointed stars and crescent moon" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "green, white" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/africa/ct.json b/africa/ct.json index 783a6c56..e57ed6cb 100644 --- a/africa/ct.json +++ b/africa/ct.json @@ -535,10 +535,16 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected for 5-year term; election last held 27 December 2020 (next to be held in December 2025); constitutional referendum in July 2023 removed term limits and instituted 7-year terms" + "text": "current president was directly elected for 5-year term; constitutional referendum in July 2023 removed term limits and instituted 7-year terms" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "27 December 2020" }, "election results": { "text": "
2020: Faustin-Archange TOUADÉRA reelected president in first round; percent of vote - Faustin-Archange TOUADÉRA (independent) 53.9%, Anicet Georges DOLOGUELE (URCA) 21%, other 25.1%

2015: Faustin-Archange TOUADÉRA elected president in the second round; percent of vote in first round - Anicet-Georges DOLOGUELE (URCA) 23.7%, Faustin-Archange TOUADÉRA (independent) 19.1%, Desire KOLINGBA (RDC) 12%, Martin ZIGUELE (MLPC) 11.4%, other 33.8%; percent of vote in second round - Faustin-Archange TOUADÉRA 62.7%, Anicet-Georges DOLOGUELE 37.3%" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "December 2025" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -640,7 +646,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "elephant" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, white, green, yellow, red" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/africa/cv.json b/africa/cv.json index 3f4d6a54..1f272c5e 100644 --- a/africa/cv.json +++ b/africa/cv.json @@ -524,10 +524,16 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 17 October 2021 (next to be held in October 2026); prime minister nominated by the National Assembly and appointed by the president" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister nominated by the National Assembly and appointed by the president" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "17 October 2021 " }, "election results": { "text": "
2020: Jose Maria Pereira NEVES elected president; percent of vote - Jose Maria Pereira NEVES (PAICV) 51.7%, Carlos VEIGA (MPD) 42.4%, Casimiro DE PINA (independent) 1.8%, Fernando Rocha DELGADO (independent) 1.4%, Helio SANCHES (independent) 1.14%, Gilson ALVES (independent) 0.8%, Joaquim MONTEIRO (independent) 3.4%

2016: Jorge Carlos FONSECA reelected president; percent of vote - Jorge Carlos FONSECA (MPD) 74.1%, Albertino GRACA (independent) 22.5%, other 3.4%" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "October 2026" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -631,7 +637,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "ten five-pointed yellow stars" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, white, red, yellow" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/africa/dj.json b/africa/dj.json index 40645a55..853ff0c8 100644 --- a/africa/dj.json +++ b/africa/dj.json @@ -531,10 +531,16 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term; election last held on 9 April 2021 (next to be held in April 2026); prime minister appointed by the president" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term; prime minister appointed by the president" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "9 April 2021" }, "election results": { "text": "
2021: Ismail Omar GUELLEH reelected president for a fifth term; percent of vote - Ismail Omar GUELLEH (RPP) 97.4%, Zakaria Ismael FARAH (MDEND) 2.7%

2016: Ismail Omar GUELLEH reelected president for a fourth term; percent of vote - Ismail Omar GUELLEH (RPP) 87%, Omar Elmi KHAIREH (CDU) 7.3%, other 5.6%" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "April 2026" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -636,7 +642,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "red star" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "light blue, green, white, red" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/africa/eg.json b/africa/eg.json index cb0d78e0..39075878 100644 --- a/africa/eg.json +++ b/africa/eg.json @@ -579,10 +579,16 @@ "text": "Cabinet ministers nominated by the executive branch and approved by the House of Representatives" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 6-year term (eligible for 3 consecutive terms); election last held on 10 to 12 December 2023; next to held in 2029); prime minister appointed by the president, approved by the House of Representatives" + "text": "president elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 6-year term (eligible for 3 consecutive terms); prime minister appointed by the president, approved by the House of Representatives" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "10-12 December 2023" }, "election results": { "text": "
2023: Abdel Fattah EL-SISI reelected president in first round; percent of valid votes cast - Abdel Fattah EL-SISI (independent) 89.6%, Hazam OMAR (Republican People’s Party) 4.5%, Farid ZAHRAN (Egyptian Social Democratic Party 4%, Abdel-Samad YAMAMA 1.9%

2018: Abdelfattah ELSISI reelected president in first round; percent of valid votes cast - Abdelfattah ELSISI (independent) 97.1%, Moussa Mostafa MOUSSA (El Ghad Party) 2.9%; note - more than 7% of ballots cast were deemed invalid" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2029" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -722,7 +728,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "golden eagle, white lotus" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white, black" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/africa/ek.json b/africa/ek.json index 98d5ae24..c19ad853 100644 --- a/africa/ek.json +++ b/africa/ek.json @@ -490,10 +490,16 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president and overseen by the prime minister" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 7-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 20 November 2022 (next to be held in 2029); prime minister and deputy prime ministers appointed by the president; President OBIANG Nguema Mbasogo since 3 August 1979 when he seized power in a military coup)" + "text": "president directly elected by simple-majority popular vote for a 7-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister and deputy prime ministers appointed by the president" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "20 November 2022" }, "election results": { "text": "
2022: OBIANG Nguema Mbasogo reelected president; percent of vote - OBIANG Nguema Mbasogo (PDGE) 95%, other 6.1%

2016: OBIANG Nguema Mbasogo reelected president; percent of vote - OBIANG Nguema Mbasogo (PDGE) 93.5%, other 6.5%" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2029" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -628,7 +634,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "silk cotton tree" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "green, white, red, blue" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/africa/er.json b/africa/er.json index fe0deee0..30cca250 100644 --- a/africa/er.json +++ b/africa/er.json @@ -512,11 +512,17 @@ "text": "State Council appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president indirectly elected by the National Assembly for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term), according to the constitution; the only election held was on 24 May 1993, following independence from Ethiopia (next postponed indefinitely)" + "text": "president indirectly elected by the National Assembly for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term), according to the constitution" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "24 May 1993, following independence from Ethiopia" }, "election results": { "text": "
1993: ISAIAS Afwerki elected president by the transitional National Assembly; percent of National Assembly vote - ISAIAS Afwerki (PFDJ) 95%, other 5%" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "postponed indefinitely" + }, "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government and is head of the State Council and National Assembly" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -607,7 +613,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "camel" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "green, red, blue" }, "National anthem": { @@ -986,7 +992,7 @@ "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { "text": "Eritrean Defense Forces (EDF): Eritrean Ground Forces, Eritrean Navy, Eritrean Air Force; People's Militia (aka People's Army or Hizbawi Serawit) (2024)", - "note": "note: police are responsible for maintaining internal security, but the government sometimes used the armed forces, reserves, demobilized soldiers, or civilian militia to meet domestic as well as external security requirements; the armed forces have authority to arrest and detain civilians" + "note": "note: police are responsible for maintaining internal security, but the government sometimes uses the armed forces, reserves, demobilized soldiers, or civilian militia to meet domestic as well as external security requirements; the armed forces have authority to arrest and detain civilians" }, "Military expenditures": { "Military Expenditures 2019": { @@ -1006,7 +1012,7 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "available information varies widely; estimated 150,000-200,000 active EDF (2024)" + "text": "available information varies widely; estimated 150,000-200,000 active Defense Forces (2025)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the EDF's inventory is comprised primarily of Soviet-era weapons and equipment (2024)" @@ -1015,7 +1021,7 @@ "text": "Eritrea mandates military service for all citizens age 18-40; 18-month conscript service obligation, which reportedly includes 4-6 months of military training and 12 months of military or other national service (military service is most common); in practice, military and national service is often extended indefinitely; citizens up to the age of 59 eligible for recall during mobilization (2024)" }, "Military - note": { - "text": "the military’s primary responsibilities are external defense, border security, and providing the regime a vehicle for national cohesion; the Army is the dominant service; it is a conscript-based force estimated to have more than 20 infantry divisions, including some that are mechanized, as well as a division of commandos/special forces

since the country's independence in 1991, the Eritrean military has participated in numerous conflicts, including the Hanish Island Crisis with Yemen (1995), the First Congo War (1996-1997), the Second Sudanese Civil War (1996-1998), the Eritrea-Ethiopia War (1998-2000), the Djiboutian-Eritrean border conflict (2008), and the Tigray conflict in Ethiopia (2020-2022); during the Tigray conflict, the Eritrean Defense Forces were accused of widespread human rights abuses (2023)" + "text": "the military’s primary responsibilities are external defense, border security, and providing the regime a vehicle for national cohesion; the conscript-based Army is the dominant service

since the country's independence in 1991, the Eritrean military has participated in numerous conflicts, including the Hanish Island Crisis with Yemen (1995), the First Congo War (1996-1997), the Second Sudanese Civil War (1996-1998), the Eritrea-Ethiopia War (1998-2000), the Djiboutian-Eritrean border conflict (2008), and the Tigray conflict in Ethiopia (2020-2022); during the Tigray conflict, the Eritrean Defense Forces were accused of human rights abuses; in recent years, it has provided training support to the military of Somalia (2025)" } }, "Transnational Issues": { diff --git a/africa/et.json b/africa/et.json index 662a68a3..45ffcd5a 100644 --- a/africa/et.json +++ b/africa/et.json @@ -574,7 +574,10 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president indirectly elected by both chambers of Parliament for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term); election held on 21 June 2021 and 30 September 2021 (the scheduled 29 August 2020 election was postponed by Prime Minister ABIY due to the COVID-19 pandemic); prime minister designated by the majority party following legislative elections" + "text": "president indirectly elected by both chambers of Parliament for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister designated by the majority party following legislative elections" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "21 June 2021 and 30 September 2021 (scheduled 29 August 2020 election was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic)" }, "election results": { "text": "
2021: SAHLE-WORK Zewde reelected president during joint session of Parliament, vote - 659 (unanimous); ABIY confirmed Prime Minister by House of Peoples' Representatives (4 October 2021)

2018: SAHLE-WORK Zewde elected president during joint session of Parliament, vote - 659 (unanimous); snap election held on 25 October 2018 due to resignation of President MULATA Teshome" @@ -710,7 +713,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "Abyssinian lion (traditional), yellow pentagram with five rays of light on a blue field (promoted by government)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "green, yellow, red" }, "National anthem": { @@ -1192,7 +1195,7 @@ "text": "as many as 10,000 troops Somalia (approximately 2,500 under the AU; the remainder under a bilateral agreement with the Somali Government); 1,500 South Sudan (UNMISS) (2024)" }, "Military - note": { - "text": "the Ethiopian National Defense Force (ENDF)) has been one of sub-Saharan Africa’s largest, most experienced, and best equipped militaries, but it suffered heavy casualties and equipment losses during the 2020-2022 Tigray conflict; the ENDF is focused on both external threats emanating from its neighbors and internal threats from multiple internal armed groups; since 1998, the ENDF has engaged in several conventional and counterinsurgency operations, including border wars with Eritrea (1998-2000) and Somalia (2006-2008) and internal conflicts with the Tigray regional state (2020-2022), several insurgent groups and ethnic militias (including the ethno-nationalist Amhara Fano), and the al-Shabaab terrorist group

as of 2025, the ENDF was conducting counterinsurgency operations against anti-government militants in several states, including in Oromya (Oromia) against the Oromo Liberation Army (OLA), an insurgent group that claims to be fighting for greater autonomy for the Oromo, Ethiopia's largest ethnic group; in 2022, militants from the Somalia-based al-Shabaab terrorist group launched an incursion into Ethiopia's Somali (Sumale) regional state, attacking villages and security forces; the Ethiopian Government claimed that regional security forces killed hundreds of al-Shabaab fighters and subsequently deployed additional ENDF troops into Somalia’s Gedo region to prevent further incursions (2025)" + "text": "the Ethiopian National Defense Force (ENDF) is focused on both external threats emanating from its neighbors and internal threats from multiple internal armed groups; since 1998, the ENDF has engaged in several conventional and counterinsurgency operations, including border wars with Eritrea (1998-2000) and Somalia (2006-2008) and internal conflicts with the Tigray regional state (2020-2022), multiple insurgent groups and ethnic militias, and the al-Shabaab terrorist group; as of 2025, the ENDF was actively conducting counterinsurgency operations against anti-government militants in several states, including the Amhara militia Fano and the Oromo Liberation Army (OLA), as well as al-Shabaab in Somalia (2025)" } }, "Space": { diff --git a/africa/ga.json b/africa/ga.json index 1ae039dc..f1b7f2d5 100644 --- a/africa/ga.json +++ b/africa/ga.json @@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ "text": "Senegalo-Mauritanian Basin" }, "Population distribution": { - "text": "settlements are found scattered along the Gambia River; the largest communities, including the capital of Banjul, and the country's largest city, Serekunda, are found at the mouth of the Gambia River along the Atlantic coast as shown in this population distribution map" + "text": "settlements are found scattered along the Gambia River; the largest communities, including the capital of Banjul and the country's largest city, Serekunda, are found at the mouth of the Gambia River along the Atlantic coast, as shown in this population distribution map" }, "Natural hazards": { "text": "droughts" @@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ "text": "0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2024 est.)" }, "Population distribution": { - "text": "settlements are found scattered along the Gambia River; the largest communities, including the capital of Banjul, and the country's largest city, Serekunda, are found at the mouth of the Gambia River along the Atlantic coast as shown in this population distribution map" + "text": "settlements are found scattered along the Gambia River; the largest communities, including the capital of Banjul and the country's largest city, Serekunda, are found at the mouth of the Gambia River along the Atlantic coast, as shown in this population distribution map" }, "Urbanization": { "urban population": { @@ -530,16 +530,22 @@ "text": "President Adama BARROW (since 19 January 2022)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "Vice President Mohammed JALLOW (since 23 February 2024)  " + "text": "Vice President Mohammed JALLOW (since 23 February 2024)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 5-year term (no term limits); election last held on 4 December 2021 (next to be held in 2026); vice president appointed by the president" + "text": "president directly elected by simple-majority popular vote for a 5-year term (no term limits); vice president appointed by the president" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "4 December 2021" }, "election results": { "text": "
2021: Adama BARROW reelected president; percent of vote - Adama BARROW (NPP) 53.2%, Ousainou DARBOE (UDP) 27.7%, Mamma KANDEH (GDC) 12.3%, other 6.8%

2016: Adama BARROW elected president; percent of vote - Adama BARROW (Coalition 2016) 43.3%, Yahya JAMMEH (APRC) 39.6%, Mamma KANDEH (GDC) 17.1%" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2026" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -640,7 +646,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "lion" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, blue, green, white" }, "National anthem": { @@ -1089,7 +1095,7 @@ "text": "18-25 years of age for voluntary service for men and women (18-22 for officers); no conscription; service obligation six months  (2024)" }, "Military - note": { - "text": "the Gambian security forces have a history of involvement in domestic politics, including multiple coups attempts and mutinies, with the latest being an attempted coup in 2022; since 2017, Gambia’s security sector has been undergoing reforms as part of a national reconstruction effort to recover from the 22 years of Yahya JAMMEH’s autocratic rule under which the security forces were under-resourced in terms of finances and equipment and were largely directed towards regime protection and suppressing dissent; international partners, including member states of the EU, particularly France and Germany, as well as Turkey and the US have provided assistance for military and police reforms; several members of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) have also provided security forces for stability, plus assistance and training through the ECOWAS Mission in the Gambia (ECOMIG); as of 2024, Ghana, Nigeria, and Senegal were providing military and gendarmerie personnel for ECOMIG

the GAF is a small and lightly armed force responsible for external defense, including maritime security, and aiding civil authorities in emergencies and natural disaster relief; it also engages in domestic support activities such as engineering, education, health, and agriculture development; the GAF participates in peacekeeping missions, and since its first deployments in the 1990s, has been involved in more than 10 UN peacekeeping missions 

the GAF traces its origins to the Gambia Regiment of the British Army; established in 1901, the Gambia Regiment was part of the West African Frontier Force (WAFF, later Royal West African Frontier Force or RWAFF) and served in both World Wars, including the British 1944-45 military campaign in Burma; the Gambia Regiment was disbanded in 1958 and replaced by the Field Force, a police paramilitary unit; the Field Force was responsible for The Gambia’s security until the establishment of the GAF in 1985; in addition, a defense agreement signed in 1965 between The Gambia and Senegal provided mutual assistance in the face of an external threat; from 1981-1989, The Gambia and Senegal formed a Confederal Army that was made up of troops from both countries (2024)" + "text": "the Gambian Armed Forces (GAF) are responsible for external defense and aiding civil authorities in internal emergencies and natural disaster relief; they participate in multinational peacekeeping missions, as well as domestic support activities such as agricultural development, construction, education, and health services; the Gambian security forces have a history of involvement in domestic politics, including multiple coup attempts and mutinies, with the latest being an attempted coup in 2022

since January 2017, several members of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) have provided security forces for Gambia's stability, plus assistance and training for the GAF and other Gambian security forces through the ECOWAS Mission in the Gambia (ECOMIG); as of 2025, Ghana, Nigeria, and Senegal were providing military and gendarmerie personnel for ECOMIG (2025)" } }, "Transnational Issues": { diff --git a/africa/gb.json b/africa/gb.json index 7ab7dd15..a592cb0a 100644 --- a/africa/gb.json +++ b/africa/gb.json @@ -523,7 +523,10 @@ "text": "cabinet appointed by president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "the president directly elected by plurality vote to a 7-year term (no term limits); election last held on 12 April 2025" + "text": "the president directly elected by plurality vote to a 7-year term (no term limits)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "12 April 2025" }, "election results": { "text": "
2025: Brice OLIGUI Nguema elected president; percent of vote - Brice OLIGUI Nguema (Ind.) 90.35%, Alain Claude Bilie By Nze (EPG) 3.02%, other 6.63%

2016: Ali BONGO Ondimba reelected president; percent of vote - Ali BONGO Ondimba (PDG) 49.8%, Jean PING (UFC) 48.2%, other 2.0%" @@ -647,7 +650,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "black panther" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "green, yellow, blue" }, "National coat of arms": { @@ -1139,7 +1142,7 @@ "text": "18-24 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2024)" }, "Military - note": { - "text": "the Gabonese military is a small and lightly armed force that is responsible for both external and internal security; the military may also participate in the economic and social development work of the nation; in August 2023, officers from the Republican Guard seized control of the government and placed the president under arrest; the coup leader and chief of the Republican Guard, Gen. Brice OLIGUI Nguema, was subsequently announced as the leader of a transitional government (2024)" + "text": "the Gabonese military is a small and lightly armed force that is responsible for both external and internal security; the military may also participate in the economic and social development work of the nation; key defense priorities include securing the country's borders and maritime domain; it has contributed to regional peacekeeping and joint security operations; in August 2023, officers from the Republican Guard seized control of the government and placed the president under arrest (2025)" } }, "Space": { diff --git a/africa/gh.json b/africa/gh.json index 338f1943..4515b8c8 100644 --- a/africa/gh.json +++ b/africa/gh.json @@ -549,10 +549,16 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers; nominated by the president, approved by Parliament" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 7 December 2024 (next to be held on 7 December 2028); the president is both chief of state and head of government" + "text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); the president is both chief of state and head of government" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "7 December 2024" }, "election results": { "text": "
2024: John Dramani MAHAMA elected president in the first round; percent of vote- John Dramani MAHAMA (NDC) 56.5%, Mahamudu BAWUMIA (NPC) 41%, other 2.5% 

2020: Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO reelected president in the first round; percent of vote - Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO (NPP) 51.3%, John Dramani MAHAMA (NDC) 47.4%, other 1.3% (2020)" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "7 December 2028" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -603,7 +609,7 @@ }, "Diplomatic representation in the US": { "chief of mission": { - "text": "Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d'Affaires (vacant); note - The Embassy website notes Francis GBORGLAH is the Acting Head of Mission (since 5 February 2025)" + "text": "Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d'Affaires (vacant); note - various News and Events posts on the Embassy website list Paul Kwaw CUDJOE is the Acting Head of Mission (since March 2025)" }, "chancery": { "text": "3512 International Drive NW, Washington, DC 20008" @@ -615,7 +621,7 @@ "text": "[1] (202) 686-4527" }, "email address and website": { - "text": "
info@ghanaembassydc.org

https://ghanaembassydc.org/" + "text": "
info.washington@mfa.gov.gh

https://washington.mfa.gov.gh/" }, "consulate(s) general": { "text": "New York" @@ -654,7 +660,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "black star, golden eagle" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, yellow, green, black" }, "National anthem": { @@ -1140,7 +1146,7 @@ "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { "text": "Ghana Armed Forces (GAF): Army, Air Force, Ghana Navy

Ministry of Interior: Ghana Police Service (2025)", - "note": "note: the GAF also has a Medical Service/Corps" + "note": "note: the GAF also has a Medical Service/Corps" }, "Military expenditures": { "Military Expenditures 2024": { @@ -1160,7 +1166,8 @@ } }, "Military and security service personnel strengths": { - "text": "estimated 15-20,000 active Armed Forces (2025)" + "text": "estimated 15-20,000 active Armed Forces (2025)", + "note": "note: over the past decade, Ghana has sought to increase the size of the GAF, particularly the Army, which has added a number of new units" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { "text": "the military's inventory is a mix of older and some newer Chinese, Russian, and Western equipment, including US, which has donated items such as patrol boats; the government in recent years has committed to an increase in funding for equipment acquisitions, including armor, mechanized, and special forces capabilities for the Army, light attack aircraft for the Air Force, and more modern coastal patrol vessels for the Navy (2024)" @@ -1170,11 +1177,11 @@ "note": "note: as of 2024, women comprised approximately 15% of the military; Ghanaian women first began serving in the late 1950s" }, "Military deployments": { - "text": "875 Lebanon (UNIFIL); 725 (plus about 275 police) South Sudan (UNMISS); 670 Sudan (UNISFA) (2024)", + "text": "875 Lebanon (UNIFIL); 725 (plus about 275 police) South Sudan (UNMISS); 670 Sudan (UNISFA) (2025)", "note": "note: since sending a contingent of troops to the Congo in 1960, the military has been a regular contributor to African- and UN-sponsored peacekeeping missions" }, "Military - note": { - "text": "the military’s primary missions are border defense, assisting with internal security, peacekeeping, and protecting the country’s territorial waters, particularly its offshore oil and gas infrastructure; it has benefited from cooperation with foreign partners, such as the UK and the US, and experience gained from participation in multiple international peacekeeping missions
 
since 2022, Ghana has reinforced its military presence in the north of the country against threats from the terrorist organization Jama’at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin (JNIM), a coalition of al-Qa'ida linked militant groups, which has conducted attacks in the neighboring countries of Burkina Faso, Cote d'Ivoire, and Togo; Ghana’s northern frontier with Burkina Faso is also an area with well-established smuggling routes, porous borders, and illegal gold mining; Ghana has also made efforts to increase its naval capabilities to protect its maritime claims and counter threats such as piracy

the military traces its origins to the Gold Coast Constabulary that was established in 1879 and renamed the Gold Coast Regiment in 1901; the Gold Coast Regiment was part of the West African Frontier Force, a multi-regiment unit formed by the British colonial office in 1900 to garrison Britain's West African colonies, which went on to serve in both World Wars; following Ghana's independence in 1957, the Gold Coast Regiment formed the basis for the new Ghanaian Army (2024)" + "text": "the military’s primary missions are border defense, assisting with internal security, peacekeeping, and protecting the country’s territorial waters, particularly its offshore oil and gas infrastructure; it has benefited from cooperation with foreign partners, such as the UK and the US, and experience gained from participation in multiple international peacekeeping missions
 
in recent years, Ghana has expanded the Army and reinforced its presence in the northern part of the country to shore up porous borders, interdict smuggling routes, and counter threats from the terrorist organization Jama’at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin (JNIM), a coalition of al-Qa'ida linked militant groups, which has a considerable presence in Burkina Faso and has conducted attacks in Cote d'Ivoire and Togo; Ghana has also made efforts to increase the Navy's capabilities to protect its maritime claims and counter threats such as piracy and illegal fishing (2025)" } }, "Space": { diff --git a/africa/gv.json b/africa/gv.json index eeb6b4ce..41e48c0d 100644 --- a/africa/gv.json +++ b/africa/gv.json @@ -538,7 +538,10 @@ "text": "formerly the Council of Ministers appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "formerly, the president was directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term) and the prime minister appointed by the president; election last held on 18 October 2020" + "text": "formerly, the president was directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term), and the prime minister was appointed by the president" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "18 October 2020" }, "election results": { "text": "
2020: Alpha CONDE reelected president in the first round; percent of vote - Alpha CONDE (RPG) 59.5%, Cellou Dalein DIALLO (UFDG) 33.5%, other 7%

2015: Alpha CONDE reelected president in the first round; percent of vote - Alpha CONDE (RPG) 57.8%, Cellou Dalein DIALLO (UFDG) 31.4%, other 10.8%" @@ -642,7 +645,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "elephant" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, yellow, green" }, "National anthem": { @@ -1082,8 +1085,8 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "Guinean (or National) Armed Forces (Forces Armées Guinéennes): Army, Air Force, Navy, National Gendarmerie (2024)", - "note": "note: the National Gendarmerie is overseen by the Ministry of Defense, while the National Police is under the Ministry of Security; the Gendarmerie and National Police share responsibility for internal security, but only the Gendarmerie can arrest police or military officials; Guinea's military and security forces are sometimes collectively referred to as the Defense and Security Forces" + "text": "Guinean (or National) Armed Forces (Forces Armées Guinéennes): Army, Air Force, Navy, National Gendarmerie

Ministry of Security: National Police (2024)", + "note": "note: the Gendarmerie and National Police share responsibility for internal security; Guinea's military and security forces are sometimes collectively referred to as the Defense and Security Forces" }, "Military expenditures": { "Military Expenditures 2024": { @@ -1112,7 +1115,7 @@ "text": "18 years of age for voluntary and selective conscripted service; 9-12 months of service (2023)" }, "Military - note": { - "text": "the Guinean military is a small and lightly armed force that is responsible for territorial defense, but also has some domestic security responsibilities and has historically been involved in suppressing public protests; the military has undergone some attempts at reform since 2010, but in 2021 the Army’s special forces led a military overthrow of the government (2024)" + "text": "the Guinean military is responsible for territorial defense, but also has some domestic security responsibilities and has historically been involved in suppressing public protests; in 2021 the Army’s special forces led a military overthrow of the government; the military-led government has since been accused of cracking down on dissent, the media, and political opposition (2024)" } }, "Transnational Issues": { diff --git a/africa/iv.json b/africa/iv.json index 803d7064..32e96292 100644 --- a/africa/iv.json +++ b/africa/iv.json @@ -565,11 +565,17 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a single renewable 5-year term; election last held on 31 October 2020 (next to be held in October 2025); vice president elected on same ballot as president; prime minister appointed by the president" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a single renewable 5-year term; vice president elected on same ballot as president; prime minister appointed by the president" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "31 October 2020" }, "election results": { "text": "
2020: Alassane OUATTARA reelected president; percent of vote - Alassane OUATTARA (RDR) 94.3%, Kouadio Konan BERTIN (PDCI-RDA) 2.0%, other 3.7%

2015: Alassane OUATTARA reelected president; percent of vote - Alassane OUATTARA (RDR) 83.7%, Pascal Affi N'GUESSAN (FPI) 9.3%, Konan Bertin KOUADIO (independent) 3.9%, other 3.1%" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "October 2025" + }, "note": "note: because President OUATTARA promulgated the new constitution in 2016, he has claimed that the clock is reset on term limits, allowing him to run for up to two additional terms" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -700,7 +706,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "elephant" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "orange, white, green" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/africa/ke.json b/africa/ke.json index ca878e93..ae43e754 100644 --- a/africa/ke.json +++ b/africa/ke.json @@ -567,11 +567,17 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president, subject to confirmation by the National Assembly" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president and deputy president directly elected on the same ballot by majority vote nationwide and at least 25% of the votes cast in at least 24 of the 47 counties; failure to meet these thresholds requires a runoff between the top two candidates; election last held on 9 August 2022 (next to be held on 10 August 2027)" + "text": "president and deputy president directly elected on the same ballot by majority vote nationwide and at least 25% of the votes cast in at least 24 of the 47 counties; failure to meet these thresholds requires a runoff between the top two candidates" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "9 August 2022" }, "election results": { "text": "
2022:  William RUTO elected president in first round; percent of vote - William RUTO (UDA) 50.5%, Raila ODINGA (ODM) 48.9%, other 0.6%

2017:  Uhuru KENYATTA reelected president; percent of vote - Uhuru KENYATTA (JP) 98.3%, Raila ODINGA (ODM) 1%, other 0.7%" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "10 August 2027" + }, "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -709,9 +715,12 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "lion" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "black, red, green, white" }, + "National coat of arms": { + "text": "

the two lions symbolize protection as they hold a traditional East African shield and spears in defense of freedom and unity; the shield features the national colors: black for the people, green for agriculture and natural resources, red for the struggle for freedom, and white for unity and peace; on the shield, a rooster greets the new day, and the axe represents both authority and the Kenya Africa National Union (KANU) that led the country to independence; at the base of the shield is Mount Kenya, Africa’s second-highest peak; the scroll has the Swahili word Harambee, meaning “all for one” or “pulling together”

" + }, "National anthem": { "name": { "text": "\"Ee Mungu Nguvu Yetu\" (Oh God of All Creation)" diff --git a/africa/li.json b/africa/li.json index edc39763..6a8b496e 100644 --- a/africa/li.json +++ b/africa/li.json @@ -522,11 +522,17 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president, confirmed by the Senate" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 10 October 2023 with a runoff on 14 November 2023 (next to be held in October 2029) " + "text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "10 October 2023, with a runoff on 14 November 2023" }, "election results": { "text": "
2023: Joseph BOAKAI elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - George WEAH (CDC) 43.8%, Joseph BOAKAI (UP) 43.4%, Edward APPLETON (GDM) 2.2%, Lusinee KAMARA (ALCOP) 2%, Alexander B. CUMMINGS, Jr. (CPP) 1.6%, Tiawan Saye GONGLOE (LPP) 1.4%, other 5.6%; percentage of vote in second round - Joseph BOAKAI 50.6%, George WEAH 49.4%

2017: George WEAH elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - George WEAH (Coalition for Democratic Change) 38.4%, Joseph BOAKAI (UP) 28.8%, Charles BRUMSKINE (LP) 9.6%, Prince JOHNSON (MDR) 8.2%, Alexander B. CUMMINGS (ANC) 7.2%, other 7.8%; percentage of vote in second round - George WEAH 61.5%, Joseph BOAKAI 38.5%" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "October 2029" + }, "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -665,7 +671,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "white star" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white, blue" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/africa/lt.json b/africa/lt.json index 1653bfb3..197ef6ba 100644 --- a/africa/lt.json +++ b/africa/lt.json @@ -537,10 +537,10 @@ "text": "Prime Minister Ntsokoane Samuel MATEKANE (28 October 2022)" }, "cabinet": { - "text": "consists of the prime minister, appointed by the King on the advice of the Council of State, the deputy prime minister, and 18 other ministers; the prime minister is the leader of the majority party or majority coalition in the National Assembly" + "text": "consists of the prime minister (appointed by the King on the advice of the Council of State), the deputy prime minister, and 18 other ministers; the prime minister is the leader of the majority party or majority coalition in the National Assembly" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "the monarchy is hereditary, but under the terms of the constitution that came into effect after the March 1993 election, the monarch is a \"living symbol of national unity\" with no executive or legislative powers; under traditional law, the College of Chiefs has the power to depose the monarch, to determine next in line of succession, or to serve as regent in the event that a successor is not of mature age" + "text": "the monarchy is hereditary but has no executive or legislative powers under the constitution; under traditional law, the College of Chiefs has the power to depose the monarch, determine next in line of succession, or serve as regent in the event that a successor is not of mature age" }, "note": "note: King LETSIE III previously occupied the throne from November 1990 to February 1995 while his father was in exile" }, @@ -671,7 +671,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "mokorotio (Basotho hat)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, white, green, black" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/africa/ly.json b/africa/ly.json index 9e10461d..52215cb2 100644 --- a/africa/ly.json +++ b/africa/ly.json @@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ "text": "Nubian Aquifer System, North Western Sahara Aquifer System, Murzuk-Djado Basin" }, "Population distribution": { - "text": "well over 90% of the population lives along the Mediterranean coast in and between Tripoli to the west and Al Bayda to the east; the interior remains vastly underpopulated due to the Sahara and lack of surface water as shown in this population distribution map" + "text": "over 90% of the population lives along the Mediterranean coast in and between Tripoli to the west and Al Bayda to the east; the interior remains vastly underpopulated due to the Sahara and its lack of surface water, as shown in this population distribution map" }, "Natural hazards": { "text": "hot, dry, dust-laden ghibli is a southern wind lasting one to four days in spring and fall; dust storms, sandstorms" @@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ "text": "-2.5 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2024 est.)" }, "Population distribution": { - "text": "well over 90% of the population lives along the Mediterranean coast in and between Tripoli to the west and Al Bayda to the east; the interior remains vastly underpopulated due to the Sahara and lack of surface water as shown in this population distribution map" + "text": "over 90% of the population lives along the Mediterranean coast in and between Tripoli to the west and Al Bayda to the east; the interior remains vastly underpopulated due to the Sahara and its lack of surface water, as shown in this population distribution map" }, "Urbanization": { "urban population": { @@ -498,7 +498,13 @@ "text": "GNU Interim Prime Minister Abd-al-Hamid DUBAYBAH (since 5 February 2021)" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "

Libya’s first direct presidential election, scheduled for 24 December 2021, was not held; no new date has been set for elections

" + "text": "first direct presidential election was not held as planned" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "scheduled for 24 December 2021 but not held" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "no new date has been set for elections" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -586,7 +592,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "star and crescent, hawk" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, black, green" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/africa/ma.json b/africa/ma.json index 4a3e43e6..fbca8be6 100644 --- a/africa/ma.json +++ b/africa/ma.json @@ -537,10 +537,16 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 16 November 2023 (next to be held in November 2028); prime minister nominated by the National Assembly, appointed by the president" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister nominated by the National Assembly, appointed by the president" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "16 November 2023" }, "election results": { "text": "
2023: Andry RAJOELINA reelected president in first round; percent of vote - Andry RAJOELINA (TGV) 59.0%, Siteny Thierry RANDRIANASOLONIAIKO 14.4%, Marc RAVALOMANANA (TIM) 12.1%, other 14.5%

2018: Andry RAJOELINA elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Andry RAJOELINA (TGV) 39.2%, Marc RAVALOMANANA (TIM) 35.4%, other 25.4%; percent of vote in second round - Andry RAJOELINA 55.7%, Marc RAVALOMANANA 44.3%" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "November 2028" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -666,7 +672,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "traveller's palm (ravenala), zebu" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, green, white" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/africa/mi.json b/africa/mi.json index d3b7dedb..71931582 100644 --- a/africa/mi.json +++ b/africa/mi.json @@ -557,10 +557,16 @@ "text": "Cabinet named by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 23 June 2020 (next to be held in June 2025)" + "text": "president directly elected by simple-majority popular vote for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "23 June 2020" }, "election results": { - "text": "
2020: Lazarus CHAKWERA elected president; Lazarus CHAKWERA (MCP) 59.3%, Peter Mutharika (DPP) 39.9%, other 0.8%

2014: Peter MUTHARIKA elected president; percent of vote - Peter MUTHARIKA (DPP) 36.4%, Lazarus CHAKWERA (MCP) 27.8%, Joyce BANDA (PP) 20.2%, Atupele MULUZI (UDF) 13.7%, other 1.9% " + "text": "
2020: Lazarus CHAKWERA elected president; Lazarus CHAKWERA (MCP) 59.3%, Peter Mutharika (DPP) 39.9%, other 0.8%

2014: Peter MUTHARIKA elected president; percent of vote - Peter MUTHARIKA (DPP) 36.4%, Lazarus CHAKWERA (MCP) 27.8%, Joyce BANDA (PP) 20.2%, Atupele MULUZI (UDF) 13.7%, other 1.9%" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "June 2025" }, "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, @@ -659,7 +665,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "lion" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "black, red, green" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/africa/ml.json b/africa/ml.json index 7fb33159..f987fb80 100644 --- a/africa/ml.json +++ b/africa/ml.json @@ -558,7 +558,10 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 29 July 2018 with runoff on 12 August 2018; prime minister appointed by the president" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister appointed by the president" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "29 July 2018, with runoff on 12 August 2018" }, "election results": { "text": "
2018: Ibrahim Boubacar KEITA reelected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Ibrahim Boubacar KEITA (RPM) 41.7%, Soumaila CISSE (URD) 17.8%, other 40.5%; percent of vote in second round - Ibrahim Boubacar KEITA 67.2%, Soumaila CISSE 32.8%

2013: Ibrahim Boubacar KEITA elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Ibrahim Boubacar KEITA (RPM) 39.8%, Soumaila CISSE (URD) 19.7%, other 40.5%; percent of vote in second round - Ibrahim Boubacar KEITA (RPM) 77.6%, Soumaila CISSE (URD) 22.4%" @@ -663,7 +666,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "Great Mosque of Djenne" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "green, yellow, red" }, "National anthem": { @@ -680,7 +683,7 @@ "text": "4 (3 cultural, 1 mixed)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "Old Towns of Djenné (c); Timbuktu (c); Cliff of Bandiagara (Land of the Dogons) (m); Tomb of Askia (c)" + "text": "Old Towns of Djenné (c); Timbuktu (c); Cliff of Bandiagara (Land of the Dogons) (m); Tomb of Askia (c)" } } }, diff --git a/africa/mo.json b/africa/mo.json index 263e494b..ee9c592e 100644 --- a/africa/mo.json +++ b/africa/mo.json @@ -582,7 +582,7 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers chosen by the prime minister in consultation with Parliament and appointed by the monarch; the monarch chooses the ministers of Interior, Foreign Affairs, Islamic Affairs, and National Defense Administration" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; prime minister appointed by the monarch from the majority party following legislative elections" + "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; monarch appoints the prime minister from the majority party following legislative elections" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -717,7 +717,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "pentacle symbol, lion" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, green" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/africa/mp.json b/africa/mp.json index 57662e76..42647c46 100644 --- a/africa/mp.json +++ b/africa/mp.json @@ -516,10 +516,16 @@ "text": "Cabinet of Ministers (Council of Ministers) appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president and vice president indirectly elected by the National Assembly for 5-year renewable terms; election last held on 7 November 2019 (next to be held in 2024); the president appoints the prime minister and deputy prime minister who have the majority support in the National Assembly" + "text": "president and vice president indirectly elected by the National Assembly for 5-year renewable terms; the president appoints the prime minister and deputy prime minister who have the majority support in the National Assembly" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "7 November 2019" }, "election results": { "text": "
2019: Prithvirajsing ROOPUN (MSM) elected president by the National Assembly - unanimous vote

2015: Ameenah GURIB-FAKIM (independent) elected president by the National Assembly - unanimous vote
" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2024" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -625,7 +631,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "dodo bird, earring tree flower (Trochetia boutoniana)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, blue, yellow, green" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/africa/mr.json b/africa/mr.json index fde2f6ba..3686c4a4 100644 --- a/africa/mr.json +++ b/africa/mr.json @@ -563,13 +563,19 @@ "text": "Prime Minister Moctar Ould DIAY (since 2 August 2024)" }, "cabinet": { - "text": "Council of Ministers - nominees suggested by the prime minister, appointed by the president" + "text": "Council of Ministers nominees suggested by the prime minister, appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 29 June 2024 (next to be held in June 2029); prime minister appointed by the president" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister appointed by the president" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "29 June 2024" }, "election results": { "text": "
2024: Mohamed Ould Cheikh el GHAZOUANI reelected president in first round; percent of vote - Mohamed Ould Cheikh el GHAZOUANI (UPR) 56.1%, Biram Dah Ould ABEID (independent) 22.1%, Hamadi Sidi el MOKHTAR independent) 12.8%, other 9.0%

2019: Mohamed Ould Cheikh el GHAZOUANI elected president in first round; percent of vote - Mohamed Ould Cheikh el GHAZOUANI (UPR) 52%, Biram Dah Ould ABEID (independent) 18.6%, Sidi Mohamed Ould BOUBACAR (independent) 17.9%, other 11.5%" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "June 2029" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -671,7 +677,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "five-pointed star between the horns of a horizontal crescent moon" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "green, yellow" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/africa/mz.json b/africa/mz.json index 7ef2fb51..ebeb9afd 100644 --- a/africa/mz.json +++ b/africa/mz.json @@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ "text": "Indian Ocean drainage: Zambezi (1,332,412 sq km)" }, "Population distribution": { - "text": "three large populations clusters are found along the southern coast between Maputo and Inhambane, in the central area between Beira and Chimoio along the Zambezi River, and in and around the northern cities of Nampula, Cidade de Nacala, and Pemba; the northwest and southwest are the least populated areas as shown in this population distribution map" + "text": "three large population clusters are found along the southern coast between Maputo and Inhambane, in the central area between Beira and Chimoio along the Zambezi River, and in and around the northern cities of Nampula, Cidade de Nacala, and Pemba; the northwest and southwest are the least populated areas, as shown in this population distribution map" }, "Natural hazards": { "text": "severe droughts; devastating cyclones and floods in central and southern provinces" @@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ "text": "-1.5 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2024 est.)" }, "Population distribution": { - "text": "three large populations clusters are found along the southern coast between Maputo and Inhambane, in the central area between Beira and Chimoio along the Zambezi River, and in and around the northern cities of Nampula, Cidade de Nacala, and Pemba; the northwest and southwest are the least populated areas as shown in this population distribution map" + "text": "three large population clusters are found along the southern coast between Maputo and Inhambane, in the central area between Beira and Chimoio along the Zambezi River, and in and around the northern cities of Nampula, Cidade de Nacala, and Pemba; the northwest and southwest are the least populated areas, as shown in this population distribution map" }, "Urbanization": { "urban population": { @@ -564,10 +564,13 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president elected directly by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for 2 consecutive terms); election last held on 15 October 2019 (next to be held on 9 October 2024); prime minister appointed by the president" + "text": "president elected directly by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for 2 consecutive terms); election last held on 9 October 2024 (next to be held by October 2029); prime minister appointed by the president" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "9 October 2024" }, "election results": { - "text": "
2019: Filipe NYUSI reelected president in first round; percent of vote - Filipe NYUSI (FRELIMO) 73.0%, Ossufo MOMADE (RENAMO) 21.9%, Daviz SIMANGO (MDM) 5.1%

2014:  Filipe NYUSI elected president in first round; percent of vote - Filipe NYUSI (FRELIMO) 57.0%, Afonso DHLAKAMA (RENAMO) 36.6%, Daviz SIMANGO (MDM) 6.4%" + "text": "
2024: Daniel CHAPO elected president in first round; percent of vote - Daniel CHAPO (FRELIMO) 65.2%, Venâncio MONDLANE (PODEMOS) 24.2%, Ossufo MOMADE (RENAMO) 6.6%" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -666,7 +669,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "rifle, hoe, and book" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "green, black, yellow, white, red" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/africa/ng.json b/africa/ng.json index de7d8cc4..0603a936 100644 --- a/africa/ng.json +++ b/africa/ng.json @@ -552,14 +552,20 @@ "text": "CNSP Prime Minister Ali Mahaman Lamine ZEINE (since 9 August 2023)" }, "cabinet": { - "text": "Cabinet appointed by the CNSP; Cabinet previously appointed by the elected president" + "text": "Cabinet appointed by the CNSP" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "the CNSP rules by decree; previously, the president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 27 December 2020 with a runoff held on 21 February 2021 (next election was to be held in 2025); prime minister appointed by the president, authorized by the National Assembly" + "text": "the CNSP rules by decree; previously, the president was directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister was appointed by the president, authorized by the National Assembly" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "27 December 2020, with a runoff held on 21 February 2021" }, "election results": { "text": "
2020/2021: Mohamed BAZOUM elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Mohamed BAZOUM (PNDS-Tarrayya) 39.3%, Mahamane OUSMANE (MODEN/FA Lumana Africa) 17%, Seini OUMAROU (MNSD-Nassara) 9%, Albade ABOUDA (MPR-Jamhuriya) 7.1%, other 27.6%; percent of vote in second round - Mohamed BAZOUM 55.7%, Mahamane OUSMANE 44.3%

2016: ISSOUFOU Mahamadou reelected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - ISSOUFOU Mahamadou (PNDS-Tarrayya) 48.6%, Hama AMADOU (MODEN/FA Lumana Africa) 17.8%, Seini OUMAROU (MNSD-Nassara) 11.3%, other 22.3%; percent of vote in second round - ISSOUFOU Mahamadou 92%, Hama AMADOU 8%" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2025" + }, "note": "note: deposed president BAZOUM has been under house arrest since a military coup on 26 July 2023" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -651,7 +657,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "zebu" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "orange, white, green" }, "National anthem": { @@ -668,7 +674,7 @@ "text": "3 (1 cultural, 2 natural)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "Air and Ténéré Natural Reserves (n); W-Arly-Pendjari Complex (n); Historic Agadez (c)" + "text": "Air and Ténéré Natural Reserves (n); W-Arly-Pendjari Complex (n); Historic Agadez (c)" } } }, diff --git a/africa/ni.json b/africa/ni.json index ddb98e81..8d189421 100644 --- a/africa/ni.json +++ b/africa/ni.json @@ -543,14 +543,20 @@ "text": "President Bola Ahmed Adekunle TINUBU (since 29 May 2023)" }, "cabinet": { - "text": "Federal Executive Council appointed by the president but constrained constitutionally to include at least one member from each of the 36 states" + "text": "Federal Executive Council appointed by the president but constitutionally required to include at least one member from each of the 36 states" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by qualified majority popular vote and at least 25% of the votes cast in 24 of Nigeria's 36 states; president elected for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 25 February 2023 (next to be held on 27 February 2027)" + "text": "president directly elected by qualified-majority popular vote with at least 25% of the votes cast in 24 of Nigeria's 36 states; president elected for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "25 February 2023" }, "election results": { "text": "
2023: Bola Ahmed Adekunle TINUBU elected president; percent of vote - Bola Ahmed Adekunle TINUBU (APC) 36.6%, Atiku ABUBAKAR (PDP) 29.1%, Peter OBI (LP) 25.4%, Rabiu KWANKWASO (NNPP) 6.4%, other 2.5%

2019: Muhammadu BUHARI elected president; percent of vote - Muhammadu BUHARI (APC) 53%, Atiku ABUBAKAR (PDP) 39%, other 8%

 

" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "27 February 2027" + }, "note": "note: the president is chief of state, head of government, and commander-in-chief of the armed forces" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -691,7 +697,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "eagle" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "green, white" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/africa/od.json b/africa/od.json index 5cbc9230..a3627850 100644 --- a/africa/od.json +++ b/africa/od.json @@ -470,11 +470,17 @@ "text": "National Council of Ministers appointed by the president, approved by the Transitional National Legislative Assembly" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 11 to 15 April 2010 (next election was scheduled for 2015 but has been postponed multiple times, currently to be held in December 2026)" + "text": "president directly elected by simple-majority popular vote for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "11-15 April 2010" }, "election results": { "text": "
2010: Salva KIIR Mayardit elected leader of then-Southern Sudan; percent of vote - Salva KIIR Mayardit (SPLM) 93%, Lam AKOL (SPLM-DC) 7%" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "scheduled for 2015 but has been postponed multiple times, currently to be held in December 2026" + }, "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -590,7 +596,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "African fish eagle" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, green, blue, yellow, black, white" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/africa/pu.json b/africa/pu.json index ab172c71..c2a0017c 100644 --- a/africa/pu.json +++ b/africa/pu.json @@ -519,12 +519,18 @@ "text": "Cabinet nominated by the prime minister, appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for up to 2 consecutive 5-year terms; election last held on 24 November 2019 with a runoff on 29 December 2019 (next to be held in 2025); prime minister appointed by the president after consultation with party leaders in the National People's Assembly" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for up to 2 consecutive 5-year terms; prime minister appointed by the president after consultation with party leaders in the National People's Assembly" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "24 November 2019, with a runoff on 29 December 2019" }, "election results": { "text": "
2019: Umaro Sissoco EMBALO elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Domingos Simoes PEREIRA (PAIGC) 40.1%, Umaro Sissoco EMBALO (Madem G15) 27.7%, Nuno Gomez NABIAM (APU-PDGB) 13.2%, Jose Mario VAZ (independent) 12.4%, other 6.6%; percent of vote in second round - Umaro Sissoco EMBALO 53.6%, Domingos Simoes PEREIRA 46.5%

2014: Jose Mario VAZ elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Jose Mario VAZ (PAIGC) 41%, Nuno Gomez NABIAM (independent) 25.1%, other 33.9%; percent of vote in second round - Jose Mario VAZ 61.9%, Nuno Gomez NABIAM 38.1% (2019)" }, - "note": "note: President EMBALO was declared winner of the 2019 runoff presidential election by the electoral commission; in 2020, EMBALO inaugurated himself with only military leadership present, even though the Supreme Court of Justice had yet to rule on an electoral litigation appeal " + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2025" + }, + "note": "note: President EMBALO was declared winner of the 2019 runoff presidential election by the electoral commission; in 2020, EMBALO inaugurated himself with only military leadership present, even though the Supreme Court of Justice had yet to rule on an electoral litigation appeal" }, "Legislative branch": { "legislature name": { @@ -614,7 +620,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "black star" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, yellow, green, black" }, "National anthem": { @@ -1057,7 +1063,7 @@ "text": "18-25 years of age for selective compulsory military service for men and women (Air Force service is voluntary); 16 years of age or younger, with parental consent, for voluntary service (2023)" }, "Military - note": { - "text": "the FARP is focused on external security, but also has some internal security duties, and it has been influential in the country’s politics since independence was gained in 1974, having staged at least nine coup attempts as well as several mutinies; FARP members were suspected of coup plotting as recently as 2021, and it put down an attempted coup in 2022, while the National Guard attempted a coup in December 2023; since the 2000s, the FARP has undergone various attempts at defense and security sector reforms under the auspices of the African Union, the EU, the Economic Community of West Africa (ECOWAS), and the UN 

from 2012-2020, ECOWAS deployed a security force to Guinea-Bissau to manage the post-coup transition, including protecting key political figures and public buildings, restoring civil institutions, and re-establishing the rule of law; the ECOWAS mission withdrew at the end of 2020, but returned in mid-2022 after the attempted coup in February 2022 (2024)" + "text": "the Armed Forces (FARP) are focused on external security, but also have some internal security duties; the FARP has been influential in the country’s politics since independence was gained in 1974, having staged at least nine coup attempts as well as several mutinies; FARP members were suspected of coup plotting as recently as 2021, and it put down an attempted coup in 2022, while the National Guard attempted a coup in December 2023; since the 2000s, the FARP has undergone various attempts at defense and security sector reforms under the auspices of the African Union, the EU, the Economic Community of West Africa (ECOWAS), and the UN 

from 2012-2020, ECOWAS deployed a security force to Guinea-Bissau to manage the post-coup transition, including protecting key political figures and public buildings, restoring civil institutions, and re-establishing the rule of law; the ECOWAS mission withdrew at the end of 2020, but returned in mid-2022 after the attempted coup in February 2022 (2024)" } }, "Transnational Issues": { diff --git a/africa/rw.json b/africa/rw.json index 85300427..6b39b6c7 100644 --- a/africa/rw.json +++ b/africa/rw.json @@ -558,11 +558,17 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 4 August 2017 (next to be held on 15 July 2029); prime minister appointed by the president" + "text": "president directly elected by simple-majority popular vote for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister appointed by the president" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "4 August 2017" }, "election results": { "text": "
2024: Paul KAGAME reelected president; Paul KAGAME (RPF) 99.2%, Frank HABINEZA (DGPR) 0.5%, Philippe MPAYIMANA (independent) 0.3%

2017: Paul KAGAME reelected president; Paul KAGAME (RPF) 98.8%, Philippe MPAYIMANA (independent), other 1.2%" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "15 July 2029" + }, "note": "note: a constitutional amendment in 2016 reduced the presidential term from 7 to 5 years but included an exception that allowed President KAGAME to serve another 7-year term in 2017, potentially followed by two additional 5-year terms" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -693,7 +699,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "traditional woven basket with peaked lid" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, yellow, green" }, "National anthem": { @@ -1146,7 +1152,8 @@ "note": "note: as of 2022, women comprised approximately 6% of the Rwanda Defense Force" }, "Military deployments": { - "text": "approximately 3,200 Central African Republic (about 2,200 under MINUSCA, plus some 700 police; approximately 1,000 under a bi-lateral agreement); estimated 3,000 Mozambique (bilateral agreement to assist with combating an insurgency; includes both military and police forces); 2,600 (plus about 450 police) South Sudan (UNMISS) (2024)" + "text": "approximately 3,200 Central African Republic (about 2,200 under MINUSCA, plus some 700 police; approximately 1,000 under a bi-lateral agreement); estimated 3,000 Mozambique (bilateral agreement to assist with combating an insurgency; includes both military and police forces); 2,600 (plus about 450 police) South Sudan (UNMISS) (2025)", + "note": "note: Rwanda reportedly has several thousand military troops deployed in the Democratic Republic of the Congo" }, "Military - note": { "text": "

the RDF is widely regarded as one of East Africa’s best trained and most experienced militaries; its principle responsibilities are ensuring territorial integrity and national sovereignty and preventing infiltrations of illegal armed groups from neighboring countries, particularly the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC); since 2021, Rwanda has deployed troops to the border region with the DRC to combat the rebel Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR), which it has accused the DRC of backing; the RDF has been accused by the DRC, the UN, and the US of making incursions into the DRC and providing material support to the March 23 Movement (M23, aka Congolese Revolutionary Army) rebel group, which has been fighting with DRC troops and UN peacekeeping forces; the RDF also participates in UN and regional military operations, as well as multinational exercises

the Rwandan Armed Forces (FAR) were established following independence in 1962; after the 1990-1994 civil war and genocide, the victorious Tutsi-dominated Rwandan Patriotic Front's military wing, the Rwandan Patriotic Army (RPA), became the country's military force; the RPA participated in the First (1996-1997) and Second (1998-2003) Congolese Wars; the RPA was renamed the Rwanda Defense Force (RDF) in 2003, by which time it had assumed a more national character with the inclusion of many former Hutu officers as well as newly recruited soldiers (2024)" diff --git a/africa/se.json b/africa/se.json index 37e74087..ff82773c 100644 --- a/africa/se.json +++ b/africa/se.json @@ -515,11 +515,17 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 22 to 24 October 2020 (next to be held in 2025)" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "22-24 October 2020" }, "election results": { "text": "
2020: Wavel RAMKALAWAN elected president; Wavel RAMKALAWAN (LDS) 54.9%, Danny FAURE (US) 43.5%, other 1.6%

2015:  President James Alix MICHEL reelected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - James Alix MICHEL (PL) 47.8%, Wavel RAMKALAWAN (SNP) 35.3%, other 16.9%; percent of vote in second round - James Alix MICHEL 50.2%, Wavel RAMKALAWAN 49.8%" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2025" + }, "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -611,7 +617,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "coco de mer (sea coconut)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, yellow, red, white, green" }, "National anthem": { @@ -628,7 +634,7 @@ "text": "2 (both natural)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "Aldabra Atoll; Vallée de Mai Nature Reserve" + "text": "Aldabra Atoll; Vallée de Mai Nature Reserve" } } }, diff --git a/africa/sf.json b/africa/sf.json index 64cde87a..8c5d293e 100644 --- a/africa/sf.json +++ b/africa/sf.json @@ -565,11 +565,17 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president indirectly elected by the National Assembly for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 29 May 2024 (next to be held in May 2029)" + "text": "president indirectly elected by the National Assembly for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "29 May 2024" }, "election results": { "text": "
2024: Matamela Cyril RAMAPHOSA (ANC) elected president by the National Assembly unopposed

2019: Matamela Cyril RAMAPHOSA (ANC) elected president by the National Assembly unopposed" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "May 2029" + }, "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -703,7 +709,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "springbok (antelope), king protea flower" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, green, blue, yellow, black, white" }, "National anthem": { @@ -1242,7 +1248,7 @@ "note": "note: in 2023, women comprised nearly 30% of the military" }, "Military deployments": { - "text": "estimated 3,000 Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO and Southern African Development Community regional military force) (2025)" + "text": "approximately 1,100 Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO) (2025)" }, "Military - note": { "text": "the SANDF’s primary responsibilities include territorial and maritime defense, supporting the Police Service, protecting key infrastructure, and participating in international peacekeeping missions; the SANDF historically has been one of Africa’s most capable militaries, but in recent years its operational readiness and modernization programs have been widely viewed as hampered by funding shortfalls

the SANDF participates regularly in African and UN peacekeeping missions and is a member of the Southern Africa Development Community (SADC) Standby Force; in 2021, it sent about 1,500 troops to Mozambique as part of a multinational SADC force to help combat an insurgency, and South African forces have been a key component of the UN’s Force Intervention Brigade in the Democratic Republic of the Congo; in recent years, the SANDF has been deployed internally to assist the Police Service with quelling unrest and assisting with border security

the SANDF was created in 1994 to replace the South African Defense Force (SADF); the SANDF was opened to all South Africans who met military requirements, while the SADF was a mostly white force (only whites were subject to conscription) with non-whites only allowed to join in a voluntary capacity; the SANDF also absorbed members of the guerrilla and militia forces of the various anti-apartheid opposition groups, including the African National Congress, the Pan Africanist Congress, and the Inkatha Freedom Party, as well as the security forces of the formerly independent Bantustan homelands (2024)" diff --git a/africa/sg.json b/africa/sg.json index fe6fc64a..bae9175e 100644 --- a/africa/sg.json +++ b/africa/sg.json @@ -560,10 +560,16 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a single, renewable 5-year term; election last held on 24 March 2024 (next to be held in March 2029)" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a single, renewable 5-year term" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "24 March 2024" }, "election results": { "text": "
2024: Bassirou Diomaye FAYE elected president in first round; percent of vote - Bassirou Diomaye FAYE (PASTEF) 54%, Amadou BA (APR) 36%, other 10%

2019: Macky SALL reelected president in first round; percent of vote - Macky SALL (APR) 58.3%, Idrissa SECK (Rewmi) 20.5%, Ousmane SONKO (PASTEF) 15.7%, other 5.5%

 

" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "March 2029" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -665,7 +671,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "lion" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "green, yellow, red" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/africa/sl.json b/africa/sl.json index c788d7b6..17ada901 100644 --- a/africa/sl.json +++ b/africa/sl.json @@ -522,7 +522,7 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Julius Maada BIO (since 27 June 2023) " + "text": "President Julius Maada BIO (since 27 June 2023)" }, "head of government": { "text": "President Julius Maada BIO (since 27 June 2023)" @@ -531,11 +531,17 @@ "text": "Ministers of State appointed by the president, approved by Parliament; the cabinet is responsible to the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by 55% in the first round or absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 24 June 2023 (next to be held in June 2028)" + "text": "president directly elected by 55% in the first round or absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "24 June 2023" }, "election results": { "text": "
2023: Julius Maada BIO reelected president in first round; percent of vote - Julius Maada BIO (SLPP) 56.2%, Samura KAMARA (APC) 41.2%, other 2.6%

2018: Julius Maada BIO elected president in second round; percent of vote - Julius Maada BIO (SLPP) 51.8%, Samura KAMARA (APC) 48.2%" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "June 2028" + }, "note": "note: the president is chief of state, head of government, and minister of defense" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -634,7 +640,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "lion" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "green, white, blue" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/africa/so.json b/africa/so.json index 7c2ed5cb..3a6b5221 100644 --- a/africa/so.json +++ b/africa/so.json @@ -502,10 +502,16 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by the prime minister, approved by the House of the People" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president indirectly elected by the Federal Parliament by two-thirds majority vote in 2 rounds if needed for a single 4-year term; election last held on 15 May 2022 (next to be held in 2026); prime minister appointed by the president, approved by the House of the People" + "text": "president indirectly elected by the Federal Parliament by two-thirds majority vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a single 4-year term; prime minister appointed by the president, approved by the House of the People" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "15 May 2022" }, "election results": { "text": "
2022: HASSAN SHEIKH Mohamud elected president in third round - Federal Parliament percent of vote in first round - Said ABDULLAHI DENI (Kaah) 20.2%, Mohamed ABDULLAHI Mohamed \"Farmaajo\" (TPP) 18.3%, HASSAN SHEIKH Mohamud (PDP) 16.2%, Hassan Ali KHAYRE (independent) 14.6%, other 30.7%; Federal Parliament percent of vote in second round - HASSAN SHEIKH Mohamud 34.1%, Mohamed ABDULLAHI Mohamed \"Farmaajo\" 25.7%, Said ABDULLAHI DENI 21%, Hassan Ali KHAYRE 19.2%; Federal Parliament percent of vote in third round - HASSAN SHEIKH Mohamud  66%, Mohamed ABDULLAHI Mohamed \"Farmaajo\" 34%

2017: Mohamed ABDULLAHI Mohamed \"Farmaajo\" elected president in second round; Federal Parliament number of votes in first round - HASSAN SHEIKH Mohamud (PDP) 88, Mohamed ABDULLAHI Mohamed \"Farmaajo\" (TPP) 72, Sheikh SHARIF Sheikh Ahmed (ARS) 49, other 37; Federal Parliament number of votes in second round - Mohamed ABDULLAHI Mohamed \"Farmaajo\" 184, HASSAN SHEIKH Mohamud 97, Sheikh SHARIF Sheikh Ahmed 45" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2026" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -625,7 +631,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "leopard" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, white" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/africa/su.json b/africa/su.json index 0893f62d..2408c1cd 100644 --- a/africa/su.json +++ b/africa/su.json @@ -528,11 +528,14 @@ "text": "the military forced most members of the Council of Ministers out of office in 2021; a handful of ministers appointed by former armed opposition groups were allowed to retain their posts; at present, most of the members of the Council are appointed senior civil servants serving in an acting-minister capacity" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "an election was supposed to be held in 2022 or 2023, but the methodology for elections has still not been defined; military members of the Sovereign Council are selected by the leadership of the security forces; representatives of former armed groups to the Sovereign Council are selected by the signatories of the Juba Peace Agreement" + "text": "military members of the Sovereign Council are selected by the leadership of the security forces; representatives of former armed groups to the Sovereign Council are selected by the signatories of the Juba Peace Agreement" }, "election results": { "text": "NA" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "supposed to be held in 2022 or 2023, but the methodology for elections has still not been defined" + }, "note": "note 1: the 2019 Constitutional Declaration established a collective chief of state of the \"Sovereign Council,\" which was chaired by al-BURHAN; on 25 October 2021, al-BURHAN dissolved the Sovereign Council but reinstated it on 11 November 2021, replacing its civilian members (previously selected by the umbrella civilian coalition the Forces for Freedom and Change) with civilians of the military’s choosing, but then relieved the newly appointed civilian members of their duties on 6 July 2022

note 2: Sovereign Council currently consists of 5 generals" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -603,7 +606,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "secretary bird" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white, black, green" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/africa/to.json b/africa/to.json index 3a3676fa..aab84f18 100644 --- a/africa/to.json +++ b/africa/to.json @@ -687,7 +687,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "lion" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "green, yellow, red, white" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/africa/tp.json b/africa/tp.json index 9eb37649..33253381 100644 --- a/africa/tp.json +++ b/africa/tp.json @@ -529,10 +529,16 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers proposed by the prime minister, appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 18 July 2021 with a runoff on 5 September 2021 (next to be held in 2026); prime minister chosen by the National Assembly and approved by the president" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister chosen by the National Assembly and approved by the president" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "18 July 2021, with a runoff on 5 September 2021" }, "election results": { "text": "
2021: Carlos Manuel VILA NOVA elected president in the second round; percent of vote in the first round - Carlos Manuel VILA NOVA (IDA) 39.5%; Guilherme POSSER DA COSTA (MLSTP-PSD) 20.8%; Delfim NEVES (PCD-GR) 16.9%; Abel BOM JESUS (independent) 3.6%; Maria DAS NEVES (independent) 3.3%; other 15.9%; percent of the vote in second round - Carlos Manuel VILA NOVA 57.5%, Guilherme POSSER DA COSTA 42.5%

2016: Evaristo CARVALHO elected president; percent of vote - Evaristo CARVALHO (ADI) 49.8%, Manuel Pinto DA COSTA (independent) 24.8%, Maria DAS NEVES (MLSTP-PSD) 24.1%" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2026" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -622,7 +628,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "palm tree" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "green, yellow, red, black" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/africa/ts.json b/africa/ts.json index 39dc9b01..73488e46 100644 --- a/africa/ts.json +++ b/africa/ts.json @@ -550,11 +550,17 @@ "text": "prime minister appointed by the president; cabinet members appointed by the president in consultation with the prime minister" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); last held on 6 October 2024 (next to be held in 2029)" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "6 October 2024" }, "election results": { "text": "

2024: Kais SAIED reelected president in first round - Kais SAIED (independent) 90.7%, Ayachi ZAMMEL (Long Live Tunisia) 7.3%, Zouhair MAGHZAOUI (People's Movement) 2%

2019: Kais SAIED elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Kais SAIED (independent) 18.4%, Nabil KAROUI (Heart of Tunisia) 15.6%, Abdelfattah MOUROU (Nahda Movement) 12.9%, Abdelkrim ZBIDI (independent) 10.7%, Youssef CHAHED (Long Live Tunisia) 7.4%, Safi SAID (independent) 7.1%, Lotfi MRAIHI (Republican People's Union) 6.6%, other 21.3%; percent of vote in second round - Kais SAIED 72.7%, Nabil KAROUI 27.3%

" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2029" + }, "note": "note: the president can dismiss any member of government on his own initiative or in consultation with the prime minister" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -680,7 +686,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "red crescent moon and five-pointed star in a white circle" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/africa/tz.json b/africa/tz.json index 2adcff79..83219536 100644 --- a/africa/tz.json +++ b/africa/tz.json @@ -579,11 +579,17 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president from among members of the National Assembly" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by simple majority popular vote for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 28 October 2020 (next to be held in October 2025); prime minister appointed by the president" + "text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by simple majority popular vote for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister appointed by the president" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "28 October 2020" }, "election results": { "text": "
2020: John MAGUFULI reelected president; percent of vote - John MAGUFULI (CCM) 84.4%, Tundu LISSU (CHADEMA) 13%, other 2.6%

2015: John MAGUFULI elected president; percent of vote - John MAGUFULI (CCM) 58.5%, Edward LOWASSA (CHADEMA) 40%, other 1.5%" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "October 2025" + }, "note": "note 1: Zanzibar elects a president as head of government for internal matters; election held on 28 October 2020; Hussein MWINYI (CCM) 76.3%, Maalim Seif SHARIF (ACT-Wazalendo) 19.9%, other 3.8%

note 2: the president is both chief of state and head of government

note 3: after the death of President John MAGUFULI in March 2021, Vice President Samia Suluhu HASSAN assumed the presidency" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -684,7 +690,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "Uhuru (freedom) torch, giraffe" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "green, yellow, blue, black" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/africa/ug.json b/africa/ug.json index 7695a2f2..6c2b1c7d 100644 --- a/africa/ug.json +++ b/africa/ug.json @@ -533,10 +533,16 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president from among elected members of Parliament or persons who qualify to be elected as members of Parliament" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (no term limits); election last held on 14 January 2021 (next to be held in 2026)" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (no term limits)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "14 January 2021" }, "election results": { "text": "
2021: Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI reelected president in the first round; percent of vote - Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI (NRM) 58.6%, Robert Kyagulanyi SSENTAMU (aka Bobi WINE) (NUP) 34.8%, Patrick Oboi AMURIAT (FDC) 3.2%, other 3.4%

2016: Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI reelected president in the first round; percent of vote - Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI (NRM) 60.6%, Kizza BESIGYE (FDC) 35.6%, other 3.8%" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2026" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -637,7 +643,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "grey crowned crane" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "black, yellow, red" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/africa/uv.json b/africa/uv.json index 94d6cfbf..924ae7d1 100644 --- a/africa/uv.json +++ b/africa/uv.json @@ -549,12 +549,18 @@ "text": "prior to the 2022 coups and ad hoc suspension of laws and constitutional provisions, Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "prior to the 2022 coups and ad hoc suspension of laws and constitutional provisions, president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); last held on 22 November 2020 (next were to be held by July 2024, but were delayed); prime minister appointed by the president with consent of the National Assembly" + "text": "prior to the 2022 coups and ad hoc suspension of laws and constitutional provisions, president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister appointed by the president with consent of the National Assembly" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "22 November 2020" }, "election results": { "text": "
2020: Roch Marc Christian KABORE reelected president in first round; percent of vote - Roch Marc Christian KABORE (MPP) 57.9%, Eddie KOMBOIGO (CDP) 15.5%, Zephirin DIABRE (UPC) 12.5%, other 14.1%

2015: Roch Marc Christian KABORE elected president in first round; percent of vote - Roch Marc Christian KABORE (MPP) 53.5%, Zephirin DIABRE (UPC) 29.6%, Tahirou BARRY (PAREN) 3.1%, Benewende Stanislas SANKARA (UNIR-MS) 2.8%, other 10.9%" }, - "note": "note: on 30 September 2022, a military junta led by TRAORE took power and ousted Transition President Lt. Col. Paul-Henri Sandaogo DAMIBA " + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "were to be held by July 2024, but were delayed" + }, + "note": "note: on 30 September 2022, a military junta led by TRAORE took power and ousted Transition President Lt. Col. Paul-Henri Sandaogo DAMIBA" }, "Legislative branch": { "legislature name": { @@ -650,7 +656,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "white stallion" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, yellow, green" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/africa/wa.json b/africa/wa.json index 25b61697..6209874f 100644 --- a/africa/wa.json +++ b/africa/wa.json @@ -538,11 +538,17 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president from among members of the National Assembly" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 27 November 2024 (next to be held in November 2029)" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "27 November 2024" }, "election results": { "text": "
2024: Netumbo Nandi-NDAITWAH elected president in the first round; percent of vote -Netumbo Nandi-NDAITWAH (SWAPO) 57%, Panduleni  ITULA (IPC) 26%, McHenry VENAANI (PDM) 5.10%, Bernadus SWARTBOOI (LPM) 4.72%, Job AMUPANDA (AR) 1.80%, Hendrik GAOBEAB (UDF) 1.16%; other 3.31%

2019: Hage GEINGOB reelected president in the first round; percent of vote - Hage GEINGOB (SWAPO) 56.3%, Panduleni ITULA (independent) 29.4%, McHenry VENAANI (PDM) 5.3%, other .9%" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "November 2029" + }, "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -672,7 +678,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "oryx (antelope)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, red, green, white, yellow" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/africa/wz.json b/africa/wz.json index 60ee7fff..be9c9dff 100644 --- a/africa/wz.json +++ b/africa/wz.json @@ -650,7 +650,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "lion, elephant" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, yellow, red" }, "National coat of arms": { @@ -722,12 +722,6 @@ }, "note": "note: annual % change based on consumer prices" }, - "Credit ratings": { - "Moody's rating": { - "text": "B3 (2020)" - }, - "note": "note: The year refers to the year in which the current credit rating was first obtained." - }, "GDP - composition, by sector of origin": { "agriculture": { "text": "7.1% (2023 est.)" @@ -1103,7 +1097,7 @@ "text": "18-35 years of age for voluntary military service for men and women; no conscription (2023)" }, "Military - note": { - "text": "the UEDF’s primary mission is external security but it also has domestic security responsibilities, including protecting members of the royal family; the king is the UEDF commander in chief and holds the position of minister of defense, although the UEDF reports to the Army commander and principal undersecretary of defense for day-to-day operations; the Royal Eswatini Police Service (REPS) is responsible for maintaining internal security as well as migration and border crossing enforcement; it is under the prime minister, although the king is the force’s titular commissioner in chief; the UEDF was originally created in 1973 as the Royal Swaziland Defense Force (2024)" + "text": "the UEDF’s primary mission is external defense, which includes mostly securing the borders; it also has domestic security responsibilities, including protecting members of the royal family; the king is the UEDF commander in chief and holds the position of minister of defense, although the UEDF reports to the Army commander and principal undersecretary of defense for day-to-day operations; the Royal Eswatini Police Service (REPS) is responsible for maintaining internal security as well as migration and border crossing enforcement; it is under the prime minister, although the king is the force’s titular commissioner in chief; the UEDF was originally created in 1973 as the Royal Swaziland Defense Force (2024)" } }, "Transnational Issues": { diff --git a/africa/za.json b/africa/za.json index 5e6e7bee..a09233c2 100644 --- a/africa/za.json +++ b/africa/za.json @@ -540,10 +540,16 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by president from among members of the National Assembly" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); last held on 12 August 2021 (next to be held in 2026)" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "12 August 2021" }, "election results": { "text": "
2021: Hakainde HICHILEMA elected president; percent of the vote - Hakainde HICHILEMA (UPND) 57.9%, Edgar LUNGU (PF) 37.3%, other 4.8%

2016: Edgar LUNGU reelected president; percent of vote - Edgar LUNGU (PF) 50.4%, Hakainde HICHILEMA (UPND) 47.6%, other 2%; note - the president is both chief of state and head of government" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2026" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -644,7 +650,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "African fish eagle" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "green, red, black, orange" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/africa/zi.json b/africa/zi.json index a33c079f..1a90933e 100644 --- a/africa/zi.json +++ b/africa/zi.json @@ -547,10 +547,16 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by president, responsible to National Assembly" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "each presidential candidate nominated with a nomination paper signed by at least 10 registered voters (at least 1 candidate from each province) and directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (no term limits); election last held on 23 August 2023 (next to be held in 2028); co-vice presidents drawn from party leadership" + "text": "each presidential candidate nominated with a nomination paper signed by at least 10 registered voters (at least 1 candidate from each province) and directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (no term limits); co-vice presidents drawn from party leadership" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "23 August 2023" }, "election results": { "text": "
2023: Emmerson MNANGAGWA reelected president in first round; percent of vote - Emmerson MNANGAGWA (ZANU-PF) 52.6%, Nelson CHAMISA (MDC-T) 44%, Wilbert MUBAIWA (NPC) 1.2%, other 2.2%

2018: Emmerson MNANGAGWA elected president in first round; percent of vote - Emmerson MNANGAGWA (ZANU-PF) 50.7%, Nelson CHAMISA (MDC-T) 44.4%, Thokozani KHUPE (MDC-N) 0.9%, other 4%" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2028" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -687,7 +693,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "Zimbabwe bird symbol, African fish eagle, flame lily" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "green, yellow, red, black, white" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/aq.json b/australia-oceania/aq.json index 71ec5944..970c265f 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/aq.json +++ b/australia-oceania/aq.json @@ -382,10 +382,16 @@ "text": "Cabinet consists of 12 department directors appointed by the governor with the consent of the Legislature or Fono" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president and vice president indirectly elected on the same ballot by an Electoral College of 'electors' chosen from each state to serve a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); under the US Constitution, residents of unincorporated territories, such as American Samoa, do not vote in elections for US president and vice president; however, they may vote in Democratic and Republican presidential primary elections; governor and lieutenant governor directly elected on the same ballot by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 19 November 2024 (next to be held in November 2028)" + "text": "president and vice president indirectly elected on the same ballot by an Electoral College of 'electors' chosen from each state to serve a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); under the US Constitution, residents of unincorporated territories such as American Samoa do not vote in elections for US president and vice president; however, they may vote in Democratic and Republican presidential primary elections; governor and lieutenant governor directly elected on the same ballot by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "19 November 2024" }, "election results": { "text": "
Lemanu Peleti MAUGA elected governor in first round; percent of vote - Lemanu Peleti MAUGA (independent) 60.3%, Gaoteote Palaie TOFAU (independent) 21.9%, I'aulualo Fa'afetai TALIA (independent) 12.3%" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "November 2028" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -429,7 +435,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "a fue (coconut fiber fly whisk that represents wisdom) crossed with a to'oto'o (staff that represents authority)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white, blue" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/as.json b/australia-oceania/as.json index 1af90d4a..f567e8dd 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/as.json +++ b/australia-oceania/as.json @@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ "text": "Great Artesian Basin, Canning Basin" }, "Population distribution": { - "text": "population is primarily located on the periphery, with the highest concentration of people residing in the east and southeast; a secondary population center is located in and around Perth in the west; of the States and Territories, New South Wales has, by far, the largest population; the interior, or \"outback\", has a very sparse population" + "text": "population is primarily located on the periphery, with the highest concentration of people residing in the east and southeast; a secondary population center is located in and around Perth in the west; of the states and territories, New South Wales has, by far, the largest population; the interior, or \"outback,\" has a very sparse population" }, "Natural hazards": { "text": "

cyclones along the coast; severe droughts; forest fires

volcanism: volcanic activity on Heard and McDonald Islands

" @@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ "text": "5.9 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2024 est.)" }, "Population distribution": { - "text": "population is primarily located on the periphery, with the highest concentration of people residing in the east and southeast; a secondary population center is located in and around Perth in the west; of the States and Territories, New South Wales has, by far, the largest population; the interior, or \"outback\", has a very sparse population" + "text": "population is primarily located on the periphery, with the highest concentration of people residing in the east and southeast; a secondary population center is located in and around Perth in the west; of the states and territories, New South Wales has, by far, the largest population; the interior, or \"outback,\" has a very sparse population" }, "Urbanization": { "urban population": { @@ -707,7 +707,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "Commonwealth Star (seven-pointed Star of Federation), golden wattle tree (Acacia pycnantha), kangaroo, emu" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "green, gold" }, "National coat of arms": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/bp.json b/australia-oceania/bp.json index d5744018..b9123673 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/bp.json +++ b/australia-oceania/bp.json @@ -509,7 +509,7 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch on the advice of the National Parliament for up to 5 years (eligible for a second term); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually elected prime minister by the National Parliament; deputy prime minister appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister from among members of the National Parliament" + "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch on the advice of the National Parliament for up to 5 years (eligible for a second term); following legislative elections, the National Parliament usually elects the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as prime minister; deputy prime minister appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -605,7 +605,7 @@ "Flag description": { "text": "divided diagonally by a thin yellow stripe from the lower hoist-side corner; the upper triangle (hoist side) is blue with five white five-pointed stars in an X pattern; the lower triangle is green; blue stands for the ocean, green for the land, and yellow for sunshine; the five stars stand for the main island groups" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, yellow, green, white" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/ck.json b/australia-oceania/ck.json index aed62cd1..07afb67b 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/ck.json +++ b/australia-oceania/ck.json @@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "King CHARLES III (since 8 September 2022); represented by Governor-General of the Commonwealth of Australia General David HURLEY (since 1 July 2019)" + "text": "King CHARLES III (since 8 September 2022); represented by Governor-General of the Commonwealth of Australia General Sam MOSTYN (since 1 July 2024)" }, "head of government": { "text": "Administrator Farzian ZAINAL (since 11 May 2023)" diff --git a/australia-oceania/cq.json b/australia-oceania/cq.json index 93590a19..e7aa8d94 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/cq.json +++ b/australia-oceania/cq.json @@ -402,10 +402,16 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by the governor with the advice and consent of the Senate" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president and vice president indirectly elected on the same ballot by an Electoral College of 'electors' chosen from each state; president and vice president serve a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); under the US Constitution, residents of the Northern Mariana Islands do not vote in elections for US president and vice president; however, they may vote in Democratic and Republican party presidential primary elections; governor directly elected by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed; election last held on 8 November 2022 with a runoff held on 25 November 2022 (next to be held in 2026)" + "text": "president and vice president indirectly elected on the same ballot by an Electoral College of electors chosen from each state; president and vice president serve a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); under the US Constitution, residents of the Northern Mariana Islands do not vote in elections for US president and vice president; however, they may vote in Democratic and Republican party presidential primary elections; governor directly elected by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds, if needed" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "8 November 2022, with a runoff held on 25 November 2022" }, "election results": { "text": "
2022: Arnold PALACIOS elected governor in second round; percent of vote in first round - Ralph TORRES (Republican) 38.8%; Arnold PALACIOS (independent) 32.2%, Tina SABLAN (Democrat) 28%; percent of vote in second round - Arnold PALACIOS 54%, Ralph TORRES 46%; David APATANG (independent) elected lieutenant governor

2018: Ralph TORRES elected governor; percent of vote - Ralph TORRES (Republican) 62.2%, Juan BABAUTA (independent) 37.8%;  Arnold PALACIOS elected lieutenant governor" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2026" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -446,7 +452,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "latte stone" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, white" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/cw.json b/australia-oceania/cw.json index fb0889ff..f47eca92 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/cw.json +++ b/australia-oceania/cw.json @@ -546,7 +546,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "a circle of 15 five-pointed white stars on a blue field, tiare maori flower (Gardenia taitensis)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "green, white" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/fj.json b/australia-oceania/fj.json index 9b56ef72..cdbe25c7 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/fj.json +++ b/australia-oceania/fj.json @@ -526,10 +526,16 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by the prime minister from among members of Parliament and is responsible to Parliament" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president elected by Parliament for a 3-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 31 October 2024 (next to be held in 2027); prime minister endorsed by the president" + "text": "president elected by Parliament for a 3-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister endorsed by the president" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "31 October 2024" }, "election results": { "text": "
2024: Ratu Naiqama LALABALAVU elected president (People's Alliance) 35 votes, Meli Tora TAVAIQIA (Fiji First) 14 votes

2021: Ratu Wiliame KATONIVERE elected president; Wiliame KATONIVERE (People's Alliance) 28 votes, Teimumu KEPA (SODELPA) 23 votes" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2027" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -630,7 +636,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "Fijian canoe" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "light blue" }, "National anthem": { @@ -707,15 +713,6 @@ }, "note": "note: annual % change based on consumer prices" }, - "Credit ratings": { - "Moody's rating": { - "text": "Ba3 (2017)" - }, - "Standard & Poors rating": { - "text": "BB- (2019)" - }, - "note": "note: The year refers to the year in which the current credit rating was first obtained." - }, "GDP - composition, by sector of origin": { "agriculture": { "text": "11.7% (2023 est.)" @@ -1121,7 +1118,7 @@ "text": "170 Egypt (MFO); 160 Iraq (UNAMI); 150 Golan Heights (UNDOF) (2024)" }, "Military - note": { - "text": "established in 1920, the RFMF is a small and lightly-armed force with a history of intervening in the country’s politics, including coups in 1987 and 2006, and a mutiny in 2000, and it continues to have significant political power; the RFMF is responsible for external security but can be assigned some domestic security responsibilities in specific circumstances; it also has a tradition of participating in UN peacekeeping operations, having sent troops on nearly 20 such missions since first deploying personnel to South Lebanon in 1978; these deployments have offered experience and a source of financial support; the RFMF has an infantry regiment and a small naval element comprised of patrol boats

Fiji has a \"shiprider\" agreement with the US, which allows local maritime law enforcement officers to embark on US Coast Guard (USCG) and US Navy (USN) vessels, including to board and search vessels suspected of violating laws or regulations within Fiji's designated exclusive economic zone (EEZ) or on the high seas; \"shiprider\" agreements also enable USCG personnel and USN vessels with embarked USCG law enforcement personnel to work with host nations to protect critical regional resources (2025)" + "text": "the Fiji Military Forces (RFMF) are responsible for external security but can be assigned some domestic security responsibilities in specific circumstances; the RFMF has a history of intervening in the country’s politics, and it continues to have significant political power; it also has a tradition of participating in UN peacekeeping operations, which have offered experience and a source of financial support; Fiji has sent troops on nearly 20 such missions since first deploying personnel to South Lebanon in 1978

Fiji has a \"shiprider\" agreement with the US, which allows local maritime law enforcement officers to embark on US Coast Guard (USCG) and US Navy (USN) vessels, including to board and search vessels suspected of violating laws or regulations within Fiji's designated exclusive economic zone (EEZ) or on the high seas; \"shiprider\" agreements also enable USCG personnel and USN vessels with embarked USCG law enforcement personnel to work with host nations to protect critical regional resources (2025)" } }, "Transnational Issues": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/fm.json b/australia-oceania/fm.json index bb7dbe7e..4e271019 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/fm.json +++ b/australia-oceania/fm.json @@ -470,7 +470,13 @@ "text": "Cabinet includes the vice president and the heads of the 8 executive departments" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president and vice president indirectly elected by Congress from among the 4 'at large' senators for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 12 May 2023 (next to be held in 2027)" + "text": "president and vice president indirectly elected by Congress from among the 4 'at large' senators for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "12 May 2023" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2027" }, "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, @@ -572,7 +578,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "four five-pointed white stars on a light blue field, hibiscus flower" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "light blue, white" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/fp.json b/australia-oceania/fp.json index b760c8f2..88dce2bd 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/fp.json +++ b/australia-oceania/fp.json @@ -422,7 +422,7 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers approved by the Assembly from a list of its members submitted by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "French president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); high commissioner appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; French Polynesia president indirectly elected by Assembly of French Polynesia for a 5-year term (no term limits)" + "text": "French president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); high commissioner appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; French Polynesia president indirectly elected by Assembly of French Polynesia for a 5-year term (no term limits)" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -497,7 +497,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "outrigger canoe, Tahitian gardenia flower (Gardenia taitensis)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white" }, "National anthem": { @@ -514,7 +514,7 @@ "text": "2 (1 cultural, 1 mixed); note - excerpted from the France entry" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "Taputapuātea (c); Te Henua Enata – The Marquesas Islands (m)" + "text": "Taputapuātea (c); Te Henua Enata – The Marquesas Islands (m)" } }, "Government - note": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/gq.json b/australia-oceania/gq.json index ba40c9b9..d8d6ddce 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/gq.json +++ b/australia-oceania/gq.json @@ -404,10 +404,16 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by the governor with the consent of the Legislature" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president and vice president indirectly elected on the same ballot by an Electoral College of 'electors' chosen from each state to serve a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); under the US Constitution, residents of unincorporated territories, such as Guam, do not vote in elections for US president and vice president; however, they may vote in Democratic and Republican presidential primary elections; governor and lieutenant governor elected on the same ballot by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 4-year term (eligible for 2 consecutive terms); gubernatorial election last held on 8 November 2022 (next to be held on 3 November 2026)" + "text": "president and vice president indirectly elected on the same ballot by an Electoral College of electors chosen from each state to serve a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); under the US Constitution, residents of unincorporated territories, such as Guam, do not vote in elections for US president and vice president, but they can vote in Democratic and Republican presidential primary elections; governor and lieutenant governor elected on the same ballot by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 4-year term (eligible for 2 consecutive terms)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "gubernatorial: 8 November 2022" }, "election results": { "text": "
2022: Lourdes LEON GUERRERO reelected governor; percent of vote - Lourdes LEON GUERRERO (Democratic Party) 55%, Felix CAMACHO (Republican Party) 44%; Josh TENORIO (Democratic Party) elected lieutenant governor

2018: Lourdes LEON GUERRERO elected governor; percent of vote -  Lourdes LEON GUERRERO (Democratic Party) 50.7%, Ray TENORIO (Republican Party) 26.4%; Josh TENORIO (Democratic Party) elected lieutenant governor" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "gubernatorial: 3 November 2026" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -482,7 +488,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "coconut tree" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "deep blue, red" }, "National anthem": { @@ -800,7 +806,7 @@ "text": "Guam Police Department (GPD); Guam (US) National Guard " }, "Military - note": { - "text": "defense is the responsibility of the US; the US military maintains over 6,000 personnel on Guam, including an air base, an air wing, and a naval installation command (2024)" + "text": "defense is the responsibility of the US; the US military maintains about 8,000 active-duty uniformed personnel and several bases and installations" } }, "Transnational Issues": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/kr.json b/australia-oceania/kr.json index e1a1f1e3..2c86a1e0 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/kr.json +++ b/australia-oceania/kr.json @@ -516,10 +516,16 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president from among House of Assembly members" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by simple majority popular vote following nomination of candidates from among House of Assembly members for a 4-year term (eligible for 2 additional terms); election last held on 22 June 2020 (next to be held in 2024); vice president appointed by the president" + "text": "president directly elected for a 4-year term (eligible for 2 additional terms) by simple-majority popular vote, after candidates are nominated from among House of Assembly members; vice president appointed by the president" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "25 October 2024" }, "election results": { - "text": "
2020: Taneti MAAMAU reelected president; percent of vote - Taneti MAAMAU (TKB) 59.3%, Banuera BERINA (BKM) 40.7%" + "text": "2024: Taneti MAAMAU reelected president; percent of vote - Taneti MAAMAU (TKP) 55%, Kaotitaake KOKORIA (independent) 42%, Bautaake BEIA (TKP) 3%

2020: Taneti MAAMAU reelected president; percent of vote - Taneti MAAMAU (TKP) 59.3%, Banuera BERINA (BKM) 40.7%" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2028" }, "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, @@ -564,7 +570,7 @@ } }, "Political parties": { - "text": "Boutokaan Kiribati Moa Party (Supporting Kiribati First) or BKM 
Tobwaan Kiribati Party (Embracing Kiribati) or TKP " + "text": "Boutokaan Kiribati Moa Party or BKM 
Kiribati Moa Party or KMP
Kamanoan Kiribati Party or KKP
Tobwaan Kiribati Party or TKP" }, "Diplomatic representation in the US": { "chief of mission": { @@ -604,7 +610,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "frigatebird" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white, blue, yellow" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/kt.json b/australia-oceania/kt.json index 5ef474fa..667809cb 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/kt.json +++ b/australia-oceania/kt.json @@ -206,10 +206,10 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "King CHARLES III (since 8 September 2022); represented by Governor-General of the Commonwealth of Australia General David HURLEY (since 1 July 2019)" + "text": "King CHARLES III (since 8 September 2022); represented by Governor-General of the Commonwealth of Australia General Sam MOSTYN (since 1 July 2024)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "Administrator Ms. Farzian ZAINAL (since 11 May 2023)" + "text": "Administrator Farzian ZAINAL (since 11 May 2023)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "NA" diff --git a/australia-oceania/nc.json b/australia-oceania/nc.json index 24bc71d6..ee44e062 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/nc.json +++ b/australia-oceania/nc.json @@ -412,10 +412,16 @@ "text": "Cabinet elected from and by the Territorial Congress" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "French president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); high commissioner appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of New Caledonia elected by Territorial Congress for a 5-year term (no term limits); election last held on 8 July 2021 (next to be held in 2026)" + "text": "French president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); high commissioner appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of New Caledonia elected by Territorial Congress for a 5-year term (no term limits)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "8 July 2021" }, "election results": { "text": "
2025: Alcide PONGA (The Republicans) elected president by Territorial Congress with 6 of 11 votes

2021: Louis MAPOU (PALIKA) elected president by Territorial Congress with 6 of 11 votes" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2026" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -487,7 +493,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "flèche faîtière (native rooftop adornment), kagu bird" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "grey, red" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/ne.json b/australia-oceania/ne.json index 0540878c..c912ae07 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/ne.json +++ b/australia-oceania/ne.json @@ -327,10 +327,16 @@ "text": "Cabinet chosen by the prime minister" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; prime minister indirectly elected by the Legislative Assembly for a 3-year term; election last held on 8 May 2023 (next to be held in 2026)" + "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; prime minister indirectly elected by the Legislative Assembly for a 3-year term" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "8 May 2023" }, "election results": { "text": "Dalton TAGELAGI reelected prime minister; Legislative Assembly vote - Dalton TAGELAGI (independent) 16, O'Love JACOBSEN (independent) 4" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2026" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -404,7 +410,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "yellow five-pointed star" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "yellow" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/nf.json b/australia-oceania/nf.json index 9aa4bd85..18b37fb5 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/nf.json +++ b/australia-oceania/nf.json @@ -217,10 +217,10 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "King CHARLES III (since 8 September 2022); represented by Governor General of the Commonwealth of Australia General David HURLEY (since 1 July 2019)" + "text": "King CHARLES III (since 8 September 2022); represented by Governor General of the Commonwealth of Australia General Sam MOSTYN (since 1 July 2024)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "Administrator Eric HUTCHINSON (since 1 April 2017)" + "text": "Administrator George PLANT (since 1 June 2023)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Executive Council consists of 4 Legislative Assembly members" diff --git a/australia-oceania/nh.json b/australia-oceania/nh.json index e01352cd..3d75f019 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/nh.json +++ b/australia-oceania/nh.json @@ -502,10 +502,16 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister, responsible to Parliament" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president indirectly elected by an electoral college consisting of Parliament and presidents of the 6 provinces; Vanuatu president serves a 5-year term; election last held on 23 July 2022 (next to be held in 2027); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually elected prime minister by Parliament from among its members; election for prime minister last held on 11 February 2025" + "text": "president indirectly elected by an electoral college consisting of Parliament and presidents of the 6 provinces; national president serves a 5-year term; following legislative elections, the Parliament usually elects the leader of the majority party or majority coalition (who must also be a member of Parliament) as prime minister" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "23 July 2022" }, "election results": { - "text": "
2025: Jotham NAPAT (LVP) elected prime minister; 50-0 votes

2022: Nikenike VUROBARAVU elected president in eighth round; electoral college vote - Nikenike VUROBARAVU (VP) 48 votes, Solas MOLISA (VP) 4 votes" + "text": "2022: Nikenike VUROBARAVU elected president in eighth round; electoral college vote - Nikenike VUROBARAVU (VP) 48 votes, Solas MOLISA (VP) 4 votes" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2027" }, "note": "note: the National Council of Chiefs (Malvatu Mauri) is a formal advisory body of chiefs recognized by the country's constitution; it advises the government on matters of culture and language" }, @@ -597,7 +603,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "boar's tusk with crossed fern fronds" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, black, green, yellow" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/nr.json b/australia-oceania/nr.json index 43ba021a..57c8ea9f 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/nr.json +++ b/australia-oceania/nr.json @@ -465,11 +465,17 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president from among members of Parliament" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president indirectly elected by Parliament for 3-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 30 October 2023 (next to be held in 2026)" + "text": "president indirectly elected by Parliament for 3-year term (eligible for a second term)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "30 October 2023" }, "election results": { "text": "
2023: David ADEAGN elected president over Delvin THOMA, 10-8

2022: Russ KUN elected president unopposed" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2026" + }, "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -550,7 +556,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "frigatebird, calophyllum flower" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, yellow, white" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/nz.json b/australia-oceania/nz.json index af0bc9fb..151340ba 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/nz.json +++ b/australia-oceania/nz.json @@ -545,7 +545,7 @@ "text": "Executive Council appointed by the governor-general on the recommendation of the prime minister" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor-general appointed by the monarch on the advice of the prime minister; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the governor-general; deputy prime minister appointed by the governor-general" + "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor-general appointed by the monarch on the advice of the prime minister; following legislative elections, the governor-general appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as prime minister; deputy prime minister also appointed by the governor-general" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -652,7 +652,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "Southern Cross constellation (four five-pointed stars), kiwi (bird), silver fern" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "black, white, red (ochre)" }, "National coat of arms": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/pc.json b/australia-oceania/pc.json index aec3001f..57bef74c 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/pc.json +++ b/australia-oceania/pc.json @@ -195,10 +195,16 @@ "text": "none" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor and commissioner appointed by the monarch; island mayor directly elected by majority popular vote for a 3-year term; election last held on 9 November 2022 (next to be held no later than December 2025)" + "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor and commissioner appointed by the monarch; island mayor directly elected by majority popular vote for a 3-year term" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "9 November 2022" }, "election results": { "text": "Simon YOUNG elected mayor and chairman of the Island Council; Island Council vote - NA" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "December 2025" } }, "Legislative branch": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/ps.json b/australia-oceania/ps.json index feb0cc1b..a456a00c 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/ps.json +++ b/australia-oceania/ps.json @@ -476,20 +476,26 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Surangel WHIPPS Jr. (since 21 January 2021)" + "text": "President Surangel WHIPPS, Jr. (since 21 January 2021)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "President Surangel WHIPPS Jr. (since 21 January 2021)" + "text": "President Surangel WHIPPS, Jr. (since 21 January 2021)" }, "cabinet": { - "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president with the advice and consent of the Senate; also includes the vice president; the Council of Chiefs consists of chiefs from each of the states who advise the president on issues concerning traditional laws, customs, and their relationship to the constitution and laws of Palau" + "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president with the advice and consent of the Senate; also includes the vice president; the Council of Chiefs consists of chiefs from each of the states who advise the president on issues concerning traditional laws, customs, and their relationship to the constitution and laws" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president and vice president directly elected on separate ballots by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 5 November 2024 (next to be held November 2028)" + "text": "president and vice president directly elected on separate ballots by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "5 November 2024" }, "election results": { "text": "
2024: Surangel WHIPPS, Jr. elected president in second round; percent of vote - Surangel WHIPPS, Jr. (independent) 57.7%, Tommy REMENGESAU (independent) 42.1%, other 0.2% 

2020: Surangel WHIPPS, Jr. elected president in second round; percent of vote - Surangel WHIPPS, Jr. (independent) 56.7%, Raynold OILUCH (independent) 43.3%" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "November 2028" + }, "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -621,7 +627,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "bai (native meeting house)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, yellow" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/rm.json b/australia-oceania/rm.json index cc1726d5..e3a0657f 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/rm.json +++ b/australia-oceania/rm.json @@ -504,11 +504,17 @@ "text": "Cabinet nominated by the president from among members of the Nitijela, appointed by Nitijela speaker" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president indirectly elected by the Nitijela from among its members for a 4-year term (no term limits); election last held on 2 January 2023 (next to be held in 2027)" + "text": "president indirectly elected by the Nitijela from among its members for a 4-year term (no term limits)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "2 January 2023" }, "election results": { "text": "
2023: Hilda C. HEINE elected president; National Parliament vote - Hilda C. HEINE (independent) 17, David KABUA (independent) 16

2020: David KABUA elected president; National Parliament vote - David KABUA (independent) 20, Hilda C. HEINE (independent) 12" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2027" + }, "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -610,7 +616,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "a 24-rayed star" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, white, orange" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/tl.json b/australia-oceania/tl.json index 36856f86..0bb0bd97 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/tl.json +++ b/australia-oceania/tl.json @@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "tuluma (fishing tackle box)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, yellow, white" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/tn.json b/australia-oceania/tn.json index 95734d81..c7561198 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/tn.json +++ b/australia-oceania/tn.json @@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ "text": "0 sq km (2022)" }, "Population distribution": { - "text": "over two-thirds of the population lives on the island of Tongatapu; only 45 of the nation's 171 islands are occupied" + "text": "over two thirds of the population lives on the island of Tongatapu; only 45 of the nation's 171 islands are occupied" }, "Natural hazards": { "text": "

cyclones (October to April); earthquakes and volcanic activity on Fonuafo'ou

volcanism: moderate volcanic activity; Fonualei (180 m) has shown frequent activity in recent years, while Niuafo'ou (260 m), which last erupted in 1985, has forced evacuations; other historically active volcanoes include Late and Tofua

" @@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ "text": "-18.1 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2024 est.)" }, "Population distribution": { - "text": "over two-thirds of the population lives on the island of Tongatapu; only 45 of the nation's 171 islands are occupied" + "text": "over two thirds of the population lives on the island of Tongatapu; only 45 of the nation's 171 islands are occupied" }, "Urbanization": { "urban population": { @@ -523,7 +523,10 @@ "text": "Cabinet nominated by the prime minister and appointed by the monarch" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; prime minister and deputy prime minister indirectly elected by the Legislative Assembly and appointed by the monarch; election last held on 18 November 2021 (next to be held on 24 December 2024)" + "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; prime minister and deputy prime minister indirectly elected by the Legislative Assembly and appointed by the monarch" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "24 December 2024" }, "election results": { "text": "
2024: Aisake Valu EKE elected prime minsiter by the Legislative Assembly; Aisake Valu EKE (Independent) 16 votes, Viliami LATU (Independent) 8

2021: Siaosi SOVALENI elected prime minister by the Legislative Assembly; Siaosi SOVALENI 16 votes, Aisake EKE 10" @@ -617,7 +620,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "red cross on white field" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/tv.json b/australia-oceania/tv.json index a14ae391..4060c67b 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/tv.json +++ b/australia-oceania/tv.json @@ -508,10 +508,10 @@ "text": "Prime Minister Feleti Penitala TEO (since 27 February 2024)" }, "cabinet": { - "text": "Cabinet appointed by the governor general on recommendation of the prime minister" + "text": "Cabinet members selected by the prime minister" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch on recommendation of the prime minister; prime minister and deputy prime minister elected by and from members of House of Assembly following parliamentary elections" + "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch on recommendation of the prime minister and the parliament; prime minister and deputy prime minister elected by and from members of House of Assembly following parliamentary elections" }, "election results": { "text": "
2024: TEO was the only candidate nominated by the House of Assembly

2019: Kausea NATANO elected prime minister by House of Assembly; House of Assembly vote - 10 to 6" @@ -601,7 +601,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "maneapa (native meeting house)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "light blue, yellow" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/wf.json b/australia-oceania/wf.json index f331ad55..eae59ddd 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/wf.json +++ b/australia-oceania/wf.json @@ -388,7 +388,7 @@ "text": "Council of the Territory appointed by the administrator superior on the advice of the Territorial Assembly" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "French president elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); administrator superior appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of the Interior; the presidents of the Territorial Government and the Territorial Assembly elected by assembly members" + "text": "French president elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); administrator superior appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of the Interior; the presidents of the Territorial Government and the Territorial Assembly elected by assembly members" }, "note": "note: there are 3 traditional kings with limited powers" }, @@ -456,7 +456,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "red saltire (Saint Andrew's Cross) on a white square on a red field" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/ws.json b/australia-oceania/ws.json index a56500e7..69b39795 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/ws.json +++ b/australia-oceania/ws.json @@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ "text": "0 sq km (2022)" }, "Population distribution": { - "text": "about three-quarters of the population lives on the island of Upolu" + "text": "about three quarters of the population lives on the island of Upolu" }, "Natural hazards": { "text": "

occasional cyclones; active volcanism

volcanism: Savai'I Island (1,858 m), which last erupted in 1911, is historically active

" @@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ "text": "-6.9 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2024 est.)" }, "Population distribution": { - "text": "about three-quarters of the population lives on the island of Upolu" + "text": "about three quarters of the population lives on the island of Upolu" }, "Urbanization": { "urban population": { @@ -508,10 +508,16 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by the chief of state on the advice of the prime minister" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "chief of state indirectly elected by the Legislative Assembly to serve a 5-year term (2-term limit); election last held on 23 August 2022 (next to be held in 2026); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party is usually appointed prime minister by the chief of state, approved by the Legislative Assembly" + "text": "chief of state indirectly elected by the Legislative Assembly to serve a 5-year term (2-term limit); following legislative elections, the chief of state usually appoints the leader of the majority party as prime minister, with the approval of the Legislative Assembly" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "23 August 2022" }, "election results": { "text": "TUIMALEALI'IFANO Va’aletoa Sualauvi II (independent) unanimously reelected by the Legislative Assembly" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2026" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -616,7 +622,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "Southern Cross constellation (five five-pointed stars)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white, blue" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/aa.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/aa.json index aee68045..1130f876 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/aa.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/aa.json @@ -427,10 +427,16 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers elected by the Legislature (Staten)" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch for a 6-year term; prime minister and deputy prime minister indirectly elected by the Staten for 4-year term; election last held on 25 June 2021 (next to be held by June 2025)" + "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch for a 6-year term; prime minister and deputy prime minister indirectly elected by the Staten for 4-year term" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "25 June 2021" }, "election results": { "text": "as leader of the majority party of the ruling coalition, Evelyn WEVER-CROES (MEP) elected prime minister; percent of Staten vote - NA" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "by June 2025" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -502,7 +508,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "Hooiberg (Haystack) Hill" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, yellow, red, white" }, "National anthem": { @@ -571,15 +577,6 @@ }, "note": "note: annual % change based on consumer prices" }, - "Credit ratings": { - "Fitch rating": { - "text": "BB (2020)" - }, - "Standard & Poors rating": { - "text": "BBB+ (2013)" - }, - "note": "note: The year refers to the year in which the current credit rating was first obtained." - }, "GDP - composition, by sector of origin": { "agriculture": { "text": "0% (2019 est.)" diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/ac.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/ac.json index 71d492ee..001e94e8 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/ac.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/ac.json @@ -476,7 +476,7 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch on the advice of the prime minister; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the governor general" + "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch on the advice of the prime minister; following legislative elections, the governor general usually appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as prime minister" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -593,7 +593,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "fallow deer" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white, blue, black, yellow" }, "National anthem": { @@ -610,7 +610,7 @@ "text": "1 (cultural)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "Antigua Naval Dockyard " + "text": "Antigua Naval Dockyard (Nelson's Dockyard)" } } }, diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/av.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/av.json index 022981e6..0d9a9d77 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/av.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/av.json @@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ "text": "0 sq km (2020)" }, "Population distribution": { - "text": "most of the population is concentrated in The Valley in the center of the island; settlement is fairly uniform in the southwest, but rather sparce in the northeast" + "text": "most of the population is concentrated in The Valley in the center of the island; settlement is fairly uniform in the southwest, but rather sparse in the northeast" }, "Natural hazards": { "text": "frequent hurricanes and other tropical storms (July to October)" @@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ "text": "10.3 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2024 est.)" }, "Population distribution": { - "text": "most of the population is concentrated in The Valley in the center of the island; settlement is fairly uniform in the southwest, but rather sparce in the northeast" + "text": "most of the population is concentrated in The Valley in the center of the island; settlement is fairly uniform in the southwest, but rather sparse in the northeast" }, "Urbanization": { "urban population": { @@ -376,7 +376,7 @@ "text": "Executive Council appointed by the governor from among elected members of the House of Assembly" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed premier by the governor" + "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the governor usually appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as premier " } }, "Legislative branch": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/bb.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/bb.json index 0f1af109..4ce3381f 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/bb.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/bb.json @@ -498,10 +498,16 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president elected by an electoral college of both Houses of Parliament for a 4-year renewable term; election last held on 20 October 2021 (next to be held by January 2027); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or leader of the majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the president; the prime minister recommends the deputy prime minister" + "text": "president elected by an electoral college of both Houses of Parliament for a 4-year renewable term; following legislative elections, the president usually appoints the leader of the majority party or leader of the majority coalition as prime minister; the prime minister recommends the deputy prime minister" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "20 October 2021" }, "election results": { "text": "Sandra MASON elected as first president on 20 October 2021" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "by January 2027" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -634,7 +640,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "Neptune's trident, pelican, red bird of paradise flower (also known as \"Pride of Barbados\")" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, yellow, black" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/bf.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/bf.json index fbb0d658..de31b0d3 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/bf.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/bf.json @@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ "text": "10 sq km (2012)" }, "Population distribution": { - "text": "most of the population lives in urban areas, with two-thirds living on New Providence Island where Nassau is located" + "text": "most of the population lives in urban areas, with two thirds living on New Providence Island where Nassau is located" }, "Natural hazards": { "text": "hurricanes and other tropical storms cause extensive flood and wind damage" @@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ "text": "3.2 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2024 est.)" }, "Population distribution": { - "text": "most of the population lives in urban areas, with two-thirds living on New Providence Island where Nassau is located" + "text": "most of the population lives in urban areas, with two thirds living on New Providence Island where Nassau is located" }, "Urbanization": { "urban population": { @@ -463,7 +463,7 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by governor-general on recommendation of prime minister" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor-general appointed by the monarch on the advice of the prime minister; following parliamentary elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition is appointed prime minister by the governor-general; the prime minister recommends the deputy prime minister" + "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor-general appointed by the monarch on the advice of the prime minister; following legislative elections, the governor-general appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as prime minister; the prime minister recommends the deputy prime minister" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -597,7 +597,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "blue marlin, flamingo, yellow elderflower" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "aquamarine, yellow, black" }, "National coat of arms": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/bh.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/bh.json index 88db28d0..82c4aee1 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/bh.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/bh.json @@ -530,7 +530,7 @@ "text": "Prime Minister John BRICEÑO (since 12 November 2020)" }, "cabinet": { - "text": "Cabinet appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister from among members of the National Assembly" + "text": "governor general appoints Cabinet from among members of the National Assembly, on the advice of the prime minister " }, "elections/appointments": { "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor-general appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the governor-general; prime minister recommends the deputy prime minister" @@ -667,7 +667,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "Baird's tapir (a large forest-dwelling mammal), keel-billed toucan, black orchid" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, blue" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/cj.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/cj.json index c32bd355..4c64de3b 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/cj.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/cj.json @@ -401,7 +401,7 @@ "text": "Cabinet selected from the Parliament and appointed by the governor on the advice of the premier" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition appointed premier by the governor" + "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the governor appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as premier" } }, "Legislative branch": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/cs.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/cs.json index f8842e81..a0029eda 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/cs.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/cs.json @@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ "text": "1,015 sq km (2012)" }, "Population distribution": { - "text": "roughly half of the nation's population resides in urban areas; the capital of San Jose is the largest city and home to approximately one-fifth of the population" + "text": "roughly half of the nation's population resides in urban areas; the capital of San Jose is the largest city and home to approximately one fifth of the population" }, "Natural hazards": { "text": "

occasional earthquakes, hurricanes along Atlantic coast; frequent flooding of lowlands at onset of rainy season and landslides; active volcanoes

volcanism: Arenal (1,670 m), which erupted in 2010, is the most active volcano in Costa Rica; a 1968 eruption destroyed the town of Tabacon; Irazu (3,432 m), situated just east of San Jose, has the potential to spew ash over the capital city as it did between 1963 and 1965; other historically active volcanoes include Miravalles, Poas, Rincon de la Vieja, and Turrialba

" @@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ "text": "1.9 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2024 est.)" }, "Population distribution": { - "text": "roughly half of the nation's population resides in urban areas; the capital of San Jose is the largest city and home to approximately one-fifth of the population" + "text": "roughly half of the nation's population resides in urban areas; the capital of San Jose is the largest city and home to approximately one fifth of the population" }, "Urbanization": { "urban population": { @@ -541,11 +541,17 @@ "text": "Cabinet selected by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president and vice presidents directly elected on the same ballot by modified majority popular vote (40% threshold) for a 4-year term (eligible for non-consecutive terms); election last held on 6 February 2022, with a runoff on 3 April 2022 (next to be held in February 2026, with a runoff in April 2026)" + "text": "president and vice presidents directly elected on the same ballot by modified majority popular vote (40% threshold) for a 4-year term (eligible for non-consecutive terms)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "6 February 2022, with a runoff on 3 April 2022" }, "election results": { "text": "
2022: Rodrigo CHAVES Robles elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Jose Maria FIGUERES Olsen (PLN) 27.3%, Rodrigo CHAVES Robles (PPSD) 16.8%, Fabricio ALVARADO Munoz (PNR) 14.9%, Eliecer FEINZAIG Mintz (PLP) 12.4%, Lineth SABORIO Chaverri (PUSC) 12.4%, Jose Maria VILLALTA Florez-Estrada 8.7% (PFA), other 7.5%; percent of vote in second round - Rodrigo CHAVES Robles (PPSD) 52.8%, Jose Maria FIGUERES Olsen (PLN) 47.2%

2018: Carlos ALVARADO Quesada elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Fabricio ALVARADO Munoz (PRN) 25%; Carlos ALVARADO Quesada (PAC) 21.6%; Antonio ALVAREZ (PLN) 18.6%; Rodolfo PIZA (PUSC) 16%; Juan Diego CASTRO (PIN) 9.5%; Rodolfo HERNANDEZ (PRSC) 4.9%, other 4.4%; percent of vote in second round - Carlos ALVARADO Quesada (PAC) 60.7%; Fabricio ALVARADO Munoz (PRN) 39.3%" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "February 2026 (a runoff, if needed, will take place in April 2026)" + }, "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -650,7 +656,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "yiguirro (clay-colored thrush)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, white, red" }, "National coat of arms": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/cu.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/cu.json index 25586fe7..6ab7f0a5 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/cu.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/cu.json @@ -552,10 +552,16 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers proposed by the president and appointed by the National Assembly" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president and vice president indirectly elected by the National Assembly for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 19 April 2023 (next to be held in 2028)" + "text": "president and vice president indirectly elected by the National Assembly for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "19 April 2023" }, "election results": { "text": "
2023: Miguel DIAZ-CANEL Bermudez (PCC) reelected president; percent of National Assembly vote - 97.7%; Salvador Antonio VALDES Mesa (PCC) reelected vice president; percent of National Assembly vote - 93.4%

2018: Miguel DIAZ-CANEL Bermudez (PCC) elected president; percent of National Assembly vote - 98.8%; Salvador Antonio VALDES Mesa (PCC) elected vice president; percent of National Assembly vote - 98.1%" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2028" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -655,7 +661,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "royal palm" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white, blue" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/do.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/do.json index 65c5fe1a..a65a9232 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/do.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/do.json @@ -452,10 +452,16 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president nominated by the prime minister and leader of the opposition party and elected by the House of Assembly for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 27 September 2023 (next to be held in October 2028); prime minister appointed by the president" + "text": "president nominated by the prime minister and leader of the opposition party and elected by the House of Assembly for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister appointed by the president" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "27 September 2023" }, "election results": { - "text": "
2023: parliament elects Sylvanie BURTON (DLP) with 20 votes for and five against

2018: Charles A. SAVARIN (DLP) reelected president unopposed " + "text": "
2023: parliament elects Sylvanie BURTON (DLP) with 20 votes for and five against

2018: Charles A. SAVARIN (DLP) reelected president unopposed" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "October 2028" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -544,7 +550,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "sisserou parrot, Carib wood flower" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "green, yellow, black, white, red" }, "National anthem": { @@ -555,14 +561,6 @@ "text": "Wilfred Oscar Morgan POND/Lemuel McPherson CHRISTIAN" }, "note": "note: adopted 1967" - }, - "National heritage": { - "total World Heritage Sites": { - "text": "1 (natural)" - }, - "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "Pitons Management Area" - } } }, "Economy": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/dr.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/dr.json index 4afb6570..abcc75b1 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/dr.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/dr.json @@ -562,11 +562,17 @@ "text": "Cabinet nominated by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 4-year term (eligible for a maximum of two consecutive terms); election last held on 19 May 2024 (next to be held on 21 May 2028)" + "text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 4-year term (eligible for a maximum of two consecutive terms)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "19 May 2024" }, "election results": { "text": "
2024: Luis Rodolfo ABINADER Corona reelected president; percent of vote - Luis Rodolfo ABINADER Corona (PRM) 57.5%, Leonel Antonio FERNÁNDEZ Reyna (FP) 28.8%, Abel MARTÍNEZ (PLD) 10.4%, other 3.3%

2020: Luis Rodolfo ABINADER Corona elected president in first round; percent of vote - Luis Rodolfo ABINADER Corona (PRM) 52.5%, Gonzalo CASTILLO Terrero (PLD) 37.5%, Leonel Antonio FERNÁNDEZ Reyna (FP) 8.9%, other 1.1%" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "21 May 2028" + }, "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -701,7 +707,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "palmchat (bird)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white, blue" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/es.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/es.json index 2dc02d75..e7f8cd03 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/es.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/es.json @@ -535,11 +535,17 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers selected by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a single 5-year term; election last held on 4 February 2024 (next to be held in 2029)" + "text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a single 5-year term" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "4 February 2024" }, "election results": { "text": "
2024: Nayib Armando BUKELE Ortez reelected president - Nayib Armando BUKELE Ortez (Nuevas Ideas) 84.7%, Manuel FLORES (FMLN) 6.4%, Joel SANCHEZ (ARENA) 5.6%, Luis PARADA (NT) 2%, other 1.3%

2019: Nayib Armando BUKELE Ortez elected president - Nayib Armando BUKELE Ortez (GANA) 53.1%, Carlos CALLEJA Hakker (ARENA) 31.7%, Hugo MARTINEZ (FMLN) 14.4%, other 0.8%" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2029" + }, "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -644,7 +650,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "turquoise-browed motmot (bird)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, white" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/gj.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/gj.json index 144d573f..058d504a 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/gj.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/gj.json @@ -477,7 +477,7 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the governor general" + "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the governor general usually appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as prime minister" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -610,11 +610,11 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "Grenada dove, bougainvillea flower" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, yellow, green" }, "National coat of arms": { - "text": "

Grenada’s coat of arms shows Grand Etang Lake, a crater lake on the volcano that formed Grenada. In the center of the shield is Christopher Columbus’s ship, the Santa Maria, which landed on the island in 1498. The gold cross dividing the shield, the two Madonna lilies, and the national motto signal the importance of religion. Two lions symbolize past UK rule (1762-1974), as well as Grenada’s current status as a Commonwealth country. The corn stalk and banana plant represent agriculture. The armadillo and Grenada dove next to the shield are native to the island, and the roses in the bougainvillea flower garland represent Grenada’s seven communities. 

" + "text": "

Grenada’s coat of arms shows Grand Etang Lake, a crater lake on the volcano that formed Grenada; in the center of the shield is Christopher Columbus’s ship, the Santa Maria, which landed on the island in 1498; the gold cross dividing the shield, the two Madonna lilies, and the national motto signal the importance of religion; two lions symbolize past UK rule (1762-1974), as well as Grenada’s current status as a Commonwealth country; the corn stalk and banana plant represent agriculture; the armadillo and Grenada dove next to the shield are native to the island, and the roses in the bougainvillea flower garland represent Grenada’s seven communities

" }, "National anthem": { "name": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/gt.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/gt.json index a45b9132..cd7d92d4 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/gt.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/gt.json @@ -552,11 +552,17 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 4-year term (not eligible for consecutive terms); election last held on 25 June 2023, with a runoff on 20 August 2023 (next to be held in June 2027)" + "text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 4-year term (not eligible for consecutive terms)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "25 June 2023, with a runoff on 20 August 2023" }, "election results": { "text": "
2023: Bernardo ARÉVALO de León elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Sandra TORRES (UNE) 21%; Bernardo ARÉVALO de León (SEMILLA) 15.6%, Manuel CONDE Orellana (VAMOS) 10.4%; Armando CASTILLO Alvarado (VIVA) 9.6%, other 43.4%; percent of vote in second round - Bernardo ARÉVALO de León 60.9%, Sandra TORRES 39.1%

2019: Alejandro GIAMMATTEI elected president; percent of vote in first round - Sandra TORRES (UNE) 25.5%, Alejandro GIAMMATTEI (VAMOS) 14%, Edmond MULET (PHG) 11.2%, Thelma CABRERA (MLP) 10.4%, Roberto ARZU (PAN-PODEMOS) 6.1%, other 32.8%; percent of vote in second round - Alejandro GIAMMATTEI 58%, Sandra TORRES 42%" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "June 2027" + }, "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -665,7 +671,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "quetzal (bird)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, white" }, "National anthem": { @@ -1182,10 +1188,10 @@ "text": "all male citizens 18-50 are eligible for military service; most of the force is volunteer; a selective draft system is employed, resulting in a small portion of 17-21 year-olds being conscripted; conscript service obligation varies from 12-24 months; women may volunteer (2023)" }, "Military deployments": { - "text": "190 Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO) (2024)" + "text": "180 Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO) (2025)" }, "Military - note": { - "text": "the military is responsible for maintaining independence, sovereignty, territorial integrity, and the honor of Guatemala, but has long focused on internal security; since the 2000s, the Guatemalan Government has used the military to support the National Civil Police in internal security operations (as permitted by the constitution) to combat organized crime, gang violence, and narco-trafficking; in recent years however, the military has sought to place more emphasis on other missions such as border security and traditional military operations; it has also created new brigades for cybersecurity (2024) and responding to national emergencies/providing humanitarian assistance (2023); it participates in UN missions on a small scale and has a peacekeeping operations training command that offers training to regional countries; the military has security ties with regional partners such as Brazil, Colombia, El Salvador, and Honduras; cooperation with El Salvador and Honduras has included a combined police-military anti-gang task force to patrol border areas; it also has ties with the US, including joint training exercises and material assistance

the military held power during most of Guatemala’s 36-year civil war (1960-1996) and conducted a campaign of widespread violence and repression, particularly against the country’s majority indigenous population; more than 200,000 people were estimated to have been killed or disappeared during the conflict (2025)" + "text": "the military is responsible for maintaining the independence, sovereignty, territorial integrity, and the honor of Guatemala, but has long focused on internal security; since the 2000s, the Guatemalan Government has used the military to support the National Civil Police in internal security operations (as permitted by the constitution) to combat organized crime, gang violence, and narco-trafficking; other responsibilities include border security, cybersecurity, and providing humanitarian assistance; it also participates in UN missions on a small scale and has a peacekeeping operations training command that offers training to regional countries; the military has security ties with regional partners such as Brazil, Colombia, El Salvador, and Honduras; cooperation with El Salvador and Honduras has included a combined police-military anti-gang task force to patrol border areas; it also has ties with the US, including joint training exercises and material assistance

the military held power during most of Guatemala’s 36-year civil war (1960-1996) and conducted a campaign of widespread violence and repression, particularly against the country’s majority indigenous population; more than 200,000 people were estimated to have been killed or disappeared during the conflict (2025)" } }, "Transnational Issues": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/ha.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/ha.json index 2d89f154..f013fa90 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/ha.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/ha.json @@ -538,11 +538,17 @@ "text": "Cabinet chosen by the prime minister in consultation with the president; parliament must ratify the Cabinet and prime minister's governing policy" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a single non-consecutive term); last election was 20 November 2016; new elections were delayed in 2022 and 2023 and have not been scheduled by the transitional presidential council" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a single non-consecutive term)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "20 November 2016" }, "election results": { "text": "
2016: Jovenel MOÏSE elected president in first round; percent of vote - Jovenel MOÏSE (PHTK) 55.6%, Jude CELESTIN (LAPEH) 19.6%, Jean-Charles MOÏSE (PPD) 11%, Maryse NARCISSE (FL) 9%; other 4.8%

2011: Michel MARTELLY elected president in second round; percent of vote in second round - Michel MARTELLY (Peasant's Response) 68%, Mirlande MANIGAT (RDNP) 32%" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "elections were delayed in 2022 and 2023 and have not been rescheduled" + }, "note": "note: former Prime Minister Ariel HENRY, who had assumed executive responsibilities following the assassination of President MOÏSE on 7 July 2021, resigned on 24 April 2024; a nine-member Presidential Transitional Council, equipped with presidential powers, was sworn in on 25 April 2024 and will remain in place until 7 February 2026" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -682,7 +688,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "Hispaniolan trogon (bird), hibiscus flower" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, red" }, "National anthem": { @@ -1113,7 +1119,7 @@ "text": "men and women 18-25 may volunteer for the FAdH (2023)" }, "Military - note": { - "text": "Haiti's military was disbanded in 1995 after it participated in multiple coups and was accused of other political interference and human rights violations; the military was reinstated by former President MOISE in 2017 after the UN ended its peacekeeping operation in Haiti; the reconstituted military established an Army command in 2018 and has received training assistance from Argentina, Colombia, Ecuador, France, and Mexico; the military’s stated mission is to assist with natural disaster relief, border security, and combating transnational crime; in 2023, Prime Minister HENRY called upon the military to assist the National Police (PNH) in combating armed gangs, which have overwhelmed the PNH, killed hundreds of Haitians, and seized control of much of the capital Port-au-Prince since the assassination of President MOISE in 2021

in 2023, the UN Security Council approved the deployment of a Kenya-led multinational security support mission (MSS) to help bring gang violence under control; the first contingent of MSS personnel from the Kenya National Police Service arrived in mid-2024; other countries pledging forces included the Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Benin, Chad, and Jamaica; the mission is slated to have a total of 2,500 personnel (2024)" + "text": "Haiti's military was disbanded in 1995 after it participated in multiple coups and was accused of other political interference and human rights violations; the military was reinstated by former President MOISE in 2017 after the UN ended its peacekeeping operation in Haiti; the reconstituted military established an Army command in 2018 and has received some training assistance from Argentina, Colombia, Ecuador, France, and Mexico; the military’s stated mission is to assist with natural disaster relief, border security, and combating transnational crime; in 2023, Prime Minister HENRY called upon the military to assist the National Police (PNH) in combating armed gangs, which have overwhelmed the PNH, killed hundreds of Haitians, and seized control of much of the capital Port-au-Prince since the assassination of President MOISE in 2021

in 2023, the UN Security Council approved the deployment of a Kenya-led multinational security support mission (MSS) to help bring gang violence under control; the first contingent of MSS personnel from the Kenya National Police Service arrived in mid-2024; other countries pledging forces included the Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Benin, Chad, and Jamaica; the mission is slated to have a total of 2,500 personnel (2024)" } }, "Transnational Issues": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/ho.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/ho.json index 2395cf33..b838f90f 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/ho.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/ho.json @@ -555,11 +555,17 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 4-year term; election last held on 28 November 2021 (next to be held on 30 November 2025)" + "text": "president directly elected by simple-majority popular vote for a 4-year term" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "28 November 2021" }, "election results": { "text": "
2021: Iris Xiomara CASTRO de Zelaya elected president; percent of vote - Iris Xiomara CASTRO de Zelaya (LIBRE) 51.1%, Nasry Juan ASFURA Zablah (PNH) 36.9%, Yani Benjamin ROSENTHAL Hidalgo (PL) 10%, other 2%

2017: Juan Orlando HERNANDEZ Alvarado reelected president; percent of vote - Juan Orlando HERNANDEZ Alvarado (PNH) 43%, Salvador NASRALLA (Alianza de Oposicion contra la Dictadura) 41.4%, Luis Orlando ZELAYA Medrano (PL) 14.7%, other 0.9%" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "30 November 2025" + }, "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -665,7 +671,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "scarlet macaw, white-tailed deer" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, white" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/jm.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/jm.json index 80f23428..14285d9e 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/jm.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/jm.json @@ -521,7 +521,7 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch on the recommendation of the prime minister; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition in the House of Representatives is appointed prime minister by the governor general" + "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch on the recommendation of the prime minister; following legislative elections, the governor general appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition in the House of Representatives as prime minister" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -601,7 +601,7 @@ }, "Diplomatic representation in the US": { "chief of mission": { - "text": "Ambassador Audrey Patrice MARKS (since 18 January 2017)" + "text": "Ambassador-designate Major General (Ret'd) Antony ANDERSON (since 28 May 2025)" }, "chancery": { "text": "1520 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036" @@ -654,7 +654,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "green-and-black streamertail (bird), guaiacwood (Guiacum officinale)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "green, yellow, black" }, "National anthem": { @@ -731,18 +731,6 @@ }, "note": "note: annual % change based on consumer prices" }, - "Credit ratings": { - "Fitch rating": { - "text": "B+ (2019)" - }, - "Moody's rating": { - "text": "B2 (2019)" - }, - "Standard & Poors rating": { - "text": "B+ (2019)" - }, - "note": "note: The year refers to the year in which the current credit rating was first obtained." - }, "GDP - composition, by sector of origin": { "agriculture": { "text": "9% (2023 est.)" diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/mh.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/mh.json index 4469aa3f..f62d0a9e 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/mh.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/mh.json @@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ "text": "0 sq km (2022)" }, "Population distribution": { - "text": "only the northern half of the island is populated, the southern portion is uninhabitable due to volcanic activity" + "text": "only the northern half of the island is populated; the southern portion is uninhabitable due to volcanic activity" }, "Natural hazards": { "text": "

volcanic eruptions; severe hurricanes (June to November)

volcanism: Soufriere Hills volcano (915 m), has erupted continuously since 1995; a massive eruption in 1997 destroyed most of the capital, Plymouth, and resulted in approximately half of the island becoming uninhabitable; the island of Montserrat is part of the volcanic island arc of the Lesser Antilles that extends from Saba in the north to Grenada in the south

" @@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ "text": "0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2024 est.)" }, "Population distribution": { - "text": "only the northern half of the island is populated, the southern portion is uninhabitable due to volcanic activity" + "text": "only the northern half of the island is populated; the southern portion is uninhabitable due to volcanic activity" }, "Urbanization": { "urban population": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/nn.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/nn.json index 30b80c9d..36e83339 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/nn.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/nn.json @@ -369,7 +369,7 @@ "text": "Cabinet nominated by the prime minister and appointed by the governor" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch for a 6-year term; following parliamentary elections, the leader of the majority party usually elected prime minister by Parliament" + "text": "the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch for a 6-year term; following legislative elections, the Parliament usually elects the leader of the majority party as prime minister" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -442,7 +442,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "

brown pelican, yellow sage (flower)

" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white, blue" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/nu.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/nu.json index b9eb916f..0490ae91 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/nu.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/nu.json @@ -524,11 +524,17 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by qualified plurality vote for a 6-year term (no term limits); election last held on 7 November 2021 (next to be held on 1 November 2026)" + "text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by qualified plurality vote for a 6-year term (no term limits)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "7 November 2021" }, "election results": { "text": "
2021: Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra reelected president for a fourth consecutive term; percent of vote - Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) 75.9%, Walter ESPINOZA (PLC) 14.3%, Guillermo OSORNO (CCN) 3.3%, Marcelo MONTIEL (ALN) 3.1%, other 3.4%

2016: Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra reelected president for a third consecutive term; percent of vote - Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) 72.4%, Maximino RODRIGUEZ (PLC) 15%, Jose del Carmen ALVARADO (PLI) 4.5%, Saturnino CERRATO Hodgson (ALN) 4.3%, other 3.7%" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "1 November 2026" + }, "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -633,7 +639,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "turquoise-browed motmot (bird)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, white" }, "National anthem": { @@ -650,7 +656,7 @@ "text": "2 (both cultural)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "Ruins of León Viejo; León Cathedral" + "text": "Ruins of León Viejo; León Cathedral" } } }, diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/pm.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/pm.json index a35dea25..0a8736f0 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/pm.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/pm.json @@ -536,11 +536,17 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by simple majority popular vote for a 5-year term; president eligible for a single non-consecutive term); election last held on 5 May 2024 (next to be held in May 2029)" + "text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by simple-majority popular vote for a 5-year term; president eligible for a single non-consecutive term)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "5 May 2024" }, "election results": { "text": "
2024: José Raúl MULINO Quintero elected president; percent of vote - José Raúl MULINO Quintero (RM) 34.2%, Ricardo Alberto LOMBANA González (MOCA) 24.6%, Martín Erasto TORRIJOS Espino (PP) 16%, Alberto ROUX Moses (CD) 11.4%, Zulay RODRÍGUEZ Lu (independent) 6.6%, José Gabriel CARRIZO Jaén (PRD) 5.9%, other 1.3%

2019: Laurentino \"Nito\" CORTIZO Cohen elected president; percent of vote - Laurentino CORTIZO Cohen (PRD) 33.3%, Romulo ROUX (CD) 31%, Ricardo LOMBANA (independent) 18.8%, Jose BLANDON (Panameñista Party) 10.8%, Ana Matilde GOMEZ Ruiloba (independent) 4.8%, other 1.3%" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "May 2029" + }, "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -644,7 +650,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "harpy eagle" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, white, red" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/rn.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/rn.json index 64f3c0dd..a9257bd8 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/rn.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/rn.json @@ -350,10 +350,16 @@ "text": "Executive Council, as well as an advisory economic, social, and cultural council" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "French president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); prefect appointed by French president on the advice of French Ministry of Interior; president of Territorial Council elected by its members for a 5-year term; election last held on 3 April 2022 (next to be held in 2027)" + "text": "French president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); prefect appointed by French president on the advice of French Ministry of Interior; president of Territorial Council elected by its members for a 5-year term" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "3 April 2022" }, "election results": { "text": "
2022: Louis MUSSINGTON (RSM) elected president; Territorial Council vote - unanimous

2017: Daniel Gibbs (UD) elected president; Territorial Council vote - 18 of 23 votes" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2027" } }, "Legislative branch": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/rq.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/rq.json index 64ef1159..a62afdab 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/rq.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/rq.json @@ -444,10 +444,16 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by governor with the consent of the Legislative Assembly" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president and vice president indirectly elected on the same ballot by an Electoral College of 'electors' chosen from each state; president and vice president serve a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); under the US Constitution, residents of Puerto Rico do not vote in elections for US president and vice president; however, they may vote in Democratic and Republican party presidential primary elections; governor directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 4-year term (no term limits); election last held on 5 November 2024 (next to be held on 7 November 2028)" + "text": "president and vice president indirectly elected on the same ballot by an Electoral College of electors chosen from each state; president and vice president serve a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); under the US Constitution, residents of Puerto Rico do not vote in elections for US president and vice president, but they can vote in Democratic and Republican party presidential primary elections; governor directly elected by simple-majority popular vote for a 4-year term (no term limits)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "5 November 2024" }, "election results": { "text": "

2024: Jenniffer GONZÁLEZ-COLÓN elected governor; percent of vote - Jenniffer GONZÁLEZ-COLÓN (PNP) 39.4%, Juan DALMAU Ramírez (PIP) 32.7%, Jesús Manuel ORTIZ (PPD) 21.1%, Javier JIMÉNEZ (PD) 6.7%, other 0.1%

2020: Pedro PIERLUISI elected governor; percent of vote - Pedro PIERLUISI (PNP) 32.9%, Carlos DELGADO (PPD) 31.6%, Alexandra LUGARO (independent) 14.2%, Juan DALMAU (PIP) 13.7%, other 7.6%

" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "7 November 2028" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -558,7 +564,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "Puerto Rican spindalis (bird), coqui (frog)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white, blue" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/sc.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/sc.json index 643a877e..ca7c5361 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/sc.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/sc.json @@ -499,7 +499,7 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by governor general in consultation with prime minister" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by governor general; deputy prime minister appointed by governor general" + "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the governor general usually appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as prime minister; deputy prime minister also appointed by governor general" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -588,7 +588,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "brown pelican, royal poinciana (flamboyant) tree" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "green, yellow, red, black, white" }, "National coat of arms": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/st.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/st.json index 0c909916..732b24f4 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/st.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/st.json @@ -510,7 +510,7 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by governor general; deputy prime minister appointed by governor general" + "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the governor general usually appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as prime minister; deputy prime minister also appointed by governor general" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -627,7 +627,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "twin pitons (volcanic peaks), Saint Lucia parrot" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "cerulean blue, gold, black, white" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/tb.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/tb.json index 5c575d43..1f62ad10 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/tb.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/tb.json @@ -330,13 +330,19 @@ "text": "President of Territorial Council Xavier LEDEE (since 3 April 2022)" }, "cabinet": { - "text": "Executive Council elected by the Territorial Council; note - there is also an advisory, economic, social, and cultural council" + "text": "Executive Council elected by the Territorial Council; there is also an advisory, economic, social, and cultural council" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "French president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of French Ministry of Interior; president of Territorial Council indirectly elected by its members for a 5-year term; election last held on 27 March 2022 (next to be held in 2027)" + "text": "French president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of French Ministry of Interior; president of Territorial Council indirectly elected by its members for a 5-year term" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "27 March 2022" }, "election results": { "text": "
2022: Xavier LEDEE (Saint Barth United) elected president; Territorial Council vote - 13 votes for, 6 blank votes

2017: Bruno MAGRAS (Saint Barth First!) elected president; Territorial Council vote - 14 out of 19 votes" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2027" } }, "Legislative branch": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/td.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/td.json index 556bb6f8..d5e837dd 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/td.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/td.json @@ -500,10 +500,16 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed from among members of Parliament" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president indirectly elected by an electoral college of selected Senate and House of Representatives members for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 20 January 2023 (next to be held by February 2028); the president usually appoints the leader of the majority party in the House of Representatives as prime minister" + "text": "president indirectly elected by an electoral college of selected Senate and House of Representatives members for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); the president usually appoints the leader of the majority party in the House of Representatives as prime minister" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "20 January 2023" }, "election results": { "text": "
2023: Christine KANGALOO elected president by the electoral college on 20 January 2023; electoral college vote  Christine KANGALOO (PNM) 48, Israel KHAN (UNC) 22

2018: Paula-Mae WEEKES (independent) elected president; ran unopposed and was elected without a vote; she was Trinidad and Tabago's first female head of state" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "by February 2028" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -637,7 +643,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "scarlet ibis (bird of Trinidad), cocrico (bird of Tobago), chaconia flower" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white, black" }, "National coat of arms": { @@ -709,15 +715,6 @@ }, "note": "note: annual % change based on consumer prices" }, - "Credit ratings": { - "Moody's rating": { - "text": "Ba1 (2017)" - }, - "Standard & Poors rating": { - "text": "BBB- (2020)" - }, - "note": "note: The year refers to the year in which the current credit rating was first obtained." - }, "GDP - composition, by sector of origin": { "agriculture": { "text": "1.1% (2022 est.)" diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/uc.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/uc.json index 6bc7920a..f82349a6 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/uc.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/uc.json @@ -379,7 +379,13 @@ "text": "Cabinet sworn-in by the governor" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party usually elected prime minister by the Parliament of Curacao; election last held on 19 March 2021 (next to be held in 2025)" + "text": "the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the legislature usually elects the leader of the majority party as prime minister" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "21 March 2025" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2029" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -466,7 +472,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "laraha (citrus tree)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, yellow, white" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/vc.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/vc.json index 9f77b65c..4e3970b6 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/vc.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/vc.json @@ -483,7 +483,7 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party usually appointed prime minister by the governor general; deputy prime minister appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister" + "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the governor general usually appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as prime minister; deputy prime minister also appointed by governor general on the advice of the prime minister" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -572,7 +572,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "Saint Vincent parrot" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, gold, green" }, "National anthem": { @@ -641,12 +641,6 @@ }, "note": "note: annual % change based on consumer prices" }, - "Credit ratings": { - "Moody's rating": { - "text": "B3 (2014)" - }, - "note": "note: The year refers to the year in which the current credit rating was first obtained." - }, "GDP - composition, by sector of origin": { "agriculture": { "text": "4.2% (2023 est.)" diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/vi.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/vi.json index adf9290b..30de1dbe 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/vi.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/vi.json @@ -408,7 +408,7 @@ "text": "Executive Council appointed by the governor from members of the House of Assembly" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed premier by the governor" + "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the governor usually appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as premier " }, "note": "note: on 5 May 2022, Premier Andrew FAHIE was removed from office by a no-confidence vote in the House of Assembly after his arrest on drug-trafficking and money-laundering charges; Premier Dr. Natalio WHEATLEY was sworn in as premier on 5 May 2022" }, @@ -475,7 +475,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "zenaida dove, white cedar flower" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "yellow, green, red, white, blue" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/vq.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/vq.json index d5345ea9..35aecf68 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/vq.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/vq.json @@ -396,10 +396,16 @@ "text": "Territorial Cabinet appointed by the governor and confirmed by the Senate" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president and vice president indirectly elected on the same ballot by an Electoral College of 'electors' chosen from each state; president and vice president serve a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); under the US Constitution, residents of the Virgin Islands do not vote in elections for US president and vice president; however, they may vote in the Democratic and Republican presidential primary elections; governor and lieutenant governor directly elected on the same ballot by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 8 November 2022 (next to be held in November 2026)" + "text": "president and vice president indirectly elected on the same ballot by an Electoral College of electors chosen from each state; president and vice president serve a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); under the US Constitution, residents of the Virgin Islands do not vote in elections for US president and vice president, but they can vote in the Democratic and Republican party presidential primary elections; governor and lieutenant governor directly elected on the same ballot by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "8 November 2022" }, "election results": { "text": "
2022: Albert BRYAN, Jr. reelected governor; percent of vote - Albert BRYAN, Jr. (Democratic Party) 56%, Kurt VIALET (independent) 38%

2018: Albert BRYAN, Jr. elected governor in the second round; percent of vote in first round - Albert BRYAN, Jr. (Democratic Party) 38.1%, Kenneth MAPP (independent) 33.5%, Adlah \"Foncie\" DONASTORG, Jr. (independent) 16.5%, other 11.9%; percent of vote in second round- Albert BRYAN, Jr. (Democratic Party) 54.5%, Kenneth MAPP (independent) 45.2%, other 0.3%" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "November 2026" } }, "Legislative branch": { diff --git a/central-asia/kg.json b/central-asia/kg.json index 180b8a5d..844dec86 100644 --- a/central-asia/kg.json +++ b/central-asia/kg.json @@ -552,11 +552,17 @@ "text": "Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 10 January 2021 (next to be held in 2027)" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a five-year term (eligible for a second term)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "10 January 2021" }, "election results": { "text": "
2021: Sadyr JAPAROV elected president in first round; percent of vote - Sadyr JAPAROV (Mekenchil) 79.2%, Adakhan MADUMAROV (United Kyrgyzstan) 6.8%, other 14%

2017: Sooronbay JEENBEKOV elected president; Sooronbay JEENBEKOV (Social Democratic Party of Kyrgyzstan) 54.7%, Omurbek BABANOV (independent) 33.8%, Adakhan MADUMAROV (United Kyrgyzstan) 6.6%, other 4.9%" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2027" + }, "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -657,7 +663,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "white falcon" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, yellow" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/central-asia/kz.json b/central-asia/kz.json index 706b5b67..48a5575a 100644 --- a/central-asia/kz.json +++ b/central-asia/kz.json @@ -573,10 +573,16 @@ "text": "the president appoints ministers based on the prime minister's recommendations; the president has veto power over all appointments and independently appoints the ministers of defense, internal affairs, and foreign affairs" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a single 7-year term (prior to September 2022, the president of Kazakhstan could serve up to two 5-year terms; legislation passed in September 2022 reduced the maximum number of terms to one 7-year term); election last held on 20 November 2022 (next to be held in 2029); prime minister and deputy prime ministers appointed by the president, approved by the Mazhilis" + "text": "president directly elected by simple-majority popular vote for a single 7-year term (prior to September 2022, the president of Kazakhstan could serve up to two 5-year terms; legislation reduced it to one 7-year term); prime minister and deputy prime ministers appointed by the president, approved by the Mazhilis" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "20 November 2022" }, "election results": { "text": "
2024: Olzhas BEKTENOV elected as prime minister; 69-0 in parliament

2022: Kasym-Zhomart TOKAYEV reelected president; percent of vote - Kassym-Jomart TOKAYEV (Amanat) 81.3%, Zhiguli DAYRABAEV (Auyl) 3.4%, Qaraqat or Karakat ÄBDEN (KÄQŪA) 2.6%, Meyram KAZHYKEN (Amanat) 2.5%, Nurlan AUYESBAYEV (NSDP) 2.2%, Saltanat TURSYNBEKOVA (QA-DJ) 2.1%, other 5.8%

2019: Kasym-Zhomart TOKAYEV elected president; percent of vote - Kasym-Zhomart TOKAYEV (Amanat) 71%, Amirzhan KOSANOV (Ult Tagdyry) 16.2%, Daniya YESPAYEVA (Ak Zhol) 5.1%, other 7.7%" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2029" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -711,7 +717,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "golden eagle" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, yellow" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/central-asia/rs.json b/central-asia/rs.json index 9e778e82..7c62e452 100644 --- a/central-asia/rs.json +++ b/central-asia/rs.json @@ -600,11 +600,17 @@ "text": "the government is composed of the premier, his deputies, and ministers, all appointed by the president; the premier is also confirmed by the Duma" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 6-year term (2020 constitutional amendments allow a second consecutive term); election last held on 15 to 17 March 2024 (next to be held 2030)" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 6-year term (eligible for a second consecutive term)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "15-17 March 2024" }, "election results": { "text": "
2024: Vladimir PUTIN reelected president; percent of vote - Vladimir PUTIN (independent) 88.5%, Nikolay KHARITONOV (Communist Party) 4.4%, Vladislav DAVANKOV (New People party) 3.9%, Leonid SLUTSKY (Liberal Democrats) 3.2%

2018: Vladimir PUTIN reelected president; percent of vote - Vladimir PUTIN (independent) 77.5%, Pavel GRUDININ (CPRF) 11.9%, Vladimir ZHIRINOVSKIY (LDPR) 5.7%, other 4.9%; Mikhail MISHUSTIN (independent) approved as premier by Duma; vote - 383 to 0

" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2030" + }, "note": "note: a Presidential Administration provides staff and policy support to the president, drafts presidential decrees, and coordinates policy among government agencies; a Security Council also reports directly to the president" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -728,7 +734,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "bear, double-headed eagle" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "white, blue, red" }, "National coat of arms": { @@ -748,7 +754,7 @@ "text": "32 (21 cultural, 11 natural)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "

Historic Centre of Saint Petersburg and Related Groups of Monuments (c); Kizhi Pogost (c); Kremlin and Red Square, Moscow (c); Cultural and Historic Ensemble of the Solovetsky Islands (c); Historic Monuments of Novgorod and Surroundings (c); White Monuments of Vladimir and Suzdal (c); Architectural Ensemble of the Trinity Sergius Lavra in Sergiev Posad (c); Church of the Ascension, Kolomenskoye (c); Virgin Komi Forests (n); Lake Baikal (n); Volcanoes of Kamchatka (n); Golden Mountains of Altai (n); Western Caucasus (n); Curonian Spit (c); Ensemble of the Ferapontov Monastery (c); Historic and Architectural Complex of the Kazan Kremlin (c); Central Sikhote-Alin (n); Citadel, Ancient City and Fortress Buildings of Derbent (c); Uvs Nuur Basin (n); Ensemble of the Novodevichy Convent(c); Natural System of Wrangel Island Reserve (n); Historical Centre of the City of Yaroslavl (c); Struve Geodetic Arc (c); Putorana Plateau (n); Lena Pillars Nature Park (n); Bolgar Historical and Archaeological Complex (c); Assumption Cathedral and Monastery of the town-island of Sviyazhsk (c); Landscapes of Dauria (n); Churches of the Pskov School of Architecture (c); Petroglyphs of Lake Onega and the White Sea (c); Astronomical Observatories of Kazan Federal University (c); Cultural Landscape of Kenozero Lake (c)

" + "text": "

Historic Centre of Saint Petersburg and Related Groups of Monuments (c); Kizhi Pogost (c); Kremlin and Red Square, Moscow (c); Historic Monuments of Novgorod and Surroundings (c); White Monuments of Vladimir and Suzdal (c); Architectural Ensemble of the Trinity Sergius Lavra in Sergiev Posad (c); Church of the Ascension, Kolomenskoye (c); Lake Baikal (n); Volcanoes of Kamchatka (n); Ensemble of the Ferapontov Monastery (c); Historic and Architectural Complex of the Kazan Kremlin (c); Citadel, Ancient City and Fortress Buildings of Derbent (c); Uvs Nuur Basin (n); Ensemble of the Novodevichy Convent (c); Natural System of Wrangel Island Reserve (n); Historical Centre of the City of Yaroslavl (c); Lena Pillars Nature Park (n); Bolgar Historical and Archaeological Complex (c); Assumption Cathedral and Monastery of the town-island of Sviyazhsk (c); Churches of the Pskov School of Architecture (c); Petroglyphs of Lake Onega and the White Sea (c)

" } } }, diff --git a/central-asia/ti.json b/central-asia/ti.json index 6edc9872..66ab1fc6 100644 --- a/central-asia/ti.json +++ b/central-asia/ti.json @@ -535,10 +535,16 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president, approved by the Supreme Assembly" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 7-year term (two-term limit); however, as the \"Leader of the Nation,\" president has no term limit; election last held on 11 October 2020 (next to be held in 2027); prime minister appointed by the president" + "text": "president directly elected by simple-majority popular vote for a 7-year term (two-term limit), but as the \"Leader of the Nation,\" president has no term limit; prime minister appointed by the president" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "11 October 2020" }, "election results": { "text": "
2020: Emomali RAHMON reelected president; percent of vote - Emomali RAHMON (PDPT) 92.1%, Rustam LATIFZODA (APT) 3.1%, other 4.8%

2013: Emomali RAHMON reelected president; percent of vote - Emomali RAHMON (PDPT) 84%, Ismoil TALBAKOV CPT) 5%, other 11%" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2027" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -667,7 +673,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "arc of seven five-pointed stars over a crown, Marco Polo sheep" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white, green" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/central-asia/tx.json b/central-asia/tx.json index 9c16734e..8ceddf14 100644 --- a/central-asia/tx.json +++ b/central-asia/tx.json @@ -555,11 +555,17 @@ "text": "Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 7-year term (no term limits); election last held on 12 March 2022 (next to be held in 2029)" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 7-year term (no term limits)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "12 March 2022" }, "election results": { "text": "
2022: Serdar BERDIMUHAMEDOV elected president; percent of vote - Serdar BERDIMUHAMEDOV (DPT) 73%, Khydyr NUNNAYEV (independent) 11.1%, Agadzhan BEKMYRADOV (IAP) 7.2%, other 8.7%

2017: Gurbanguly BERDIMUHAMEDOV reelected president in the first round; percent of vote - Gurbanguly BERDIMUHAMEDOV (DPT) 97.7%, other 2.3%" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2029" + }, "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -661,7 +667,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "Akhal-Teke horse" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "green, white" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/central-asia/uz.json b/central-asia/uz.json index b0226dbc..9711d794 100644 --- a/central-asia/uz.json +++ b/central-asia/uz.json @@ -554,10 +554,16 @@ "text": "Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president with most requiring approval of the Senate chamber of the Supreme Assembly (Oliy Majlis)" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 7-year term (eligible for a second term; previously a 5-year term, extended to 7 years by a 2023 constitutional amendment); election last held on 9 July 2023  (next to be held in 2030); prime minister nominated by majority party in the Supreme Assembly since 2011 but appointed along with the ministers and deputy ministers by the president" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 7-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister nominated by majority party in the Supreme Assembly but appointed along with the ministers and deputy ministers by the president" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "9 July 2023 " }, "election results": { "text": "
2023: Shavkat MIRZIYOYEV reelected president in snap election; percent of vote - Shavkat MIRZIYOYEV (LDPU) 87.7%, Robaxon Maxmudova (Adolat) 4.5%, Ulugbek Inoyatov (PDP) 4%, Abdushukur Xamzayev (Ecological Party) 3.8%

2021: Shavkat MIRZIYOYEV reelected president in first round; percent of vote - Shavkat MIRZIYOYEV (LDPU) 80.3%, Maqsuda VORISOVA (PDP) 6.7%, Alisher QODIROV (National Revival Democratic Party) 5.5%, Narzullo OBLOMURODOV (Ecological Party) 4.1%, Bahrom ABDUHALIMOV (Adolat) 3.4%" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2030" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -689,7 +695,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "khumo (mythical bird)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, white, red, green" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/bm.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/bm.json index da3bfadd..c80c1179 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/bm.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/bm.json @@ -565,15 +565,21 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointments shared by the president and the commander-in-chief" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "prior to the military takeover in 2021, president was indirectly elected by simple majority vote by the full Assembly of the Union from among 3 vice-presidential candidates nominated by the Presidential Electoral College (consists of members of the lower and upper houses and military members); the other 2 candidates become vice presidents (president elected for a 5-year term); general election last held on 8 November 2020; the military junta has pledged to hold new general elections but has repeatedly announced delays" + "text": "prior to the military takeover in 2021, president was indirectly elected by simple majority vote by the full Assembly of the Union from among 3 vice-presidential candidates nominated by the Presidential Electoral College (consists of members of the lower and upper houses and military members); the other 2 candidates become vice presidents (president elected for a 5-year term)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "8 November 2020" }, "election results": { "text": "
2020:  the National League for Democracy (NLD) won 396 seats across both houses -- well above the 322 required for a parliamentary majority -- but on 1 February 2021, the military claimed the results of the election were illegitimate and deposed State Counsellor AUNG SAN SUU KYI and President WIN MYINT of the NLD, causing military-affiliated Vice President MYINT SWE (USDP) to become acting president; MYINT SWE subsequently handed power to coup leader MIN AUNG HLAING; WIN MYINT and other key leaders of the ruling NLD party were placed under arrest after the military takeover

2018: WIN MYINT elected president in an indirect by-election held on 28 March 2018 after the resignation of HTIN KYAW; Assembly of the Union vote for president - WIN MYINT (NLD) 403, MYINT SWE (USDP) 211, HENRY VAN THIO (NLD) 18, 4 votes canceled (636 votes cast)" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "the military junta has pledged to hold new elections but has repeatedly announced delays" + }, "state counsellor": { "text": "State Counselor AUNG SAN SUU KYI (since 6 April 2016); note - under arrest since 1 February 2021; formerly served as Minister of Foreign Affairs and Minister for the Office of the President" }, - "note": "note 1: the military took over the government on 1 February 2021 and declared a state of emergency; they replaced the Cabinet with the State Administrative Council (SAC), which is the official name of the military government in Burma

note 2: prior to the military takeover, the state counsellor served the equivalent term of the president and was similar to a prime minister" + "note": "note 1: the military took over the government on 1 February 2021 and declared a state of emergency; the military replaced the Cabinet with the State Administrative Council (SAC), which is the official name of the military government in Burma

note 2: prior to the military takeover, the state counsellor served the equivalent term of the president and was similar to a prime minister" }, "Legislative branch": { "legislature name": { @@ -654,7 +660,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "chinthe (mythical lion)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "yellow, green, red, white" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/bx.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/bx.json index 800177f8..efd88bf2 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/bx.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/bx.json @@ -624,7 +624,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "royal parasol" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "yellow, white, black" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/cb.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/cb.json index 4bdc7c1b..7fc8a5a2 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/cb.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/cb.json @@ -692,7 +692,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "Angkor Wat temple, kouprey (wild ox)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, blue" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/ch.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/ch.json index 80b93efd..dc55e71c 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/ch.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/ch.json @@ -598,10 +598,16 @@ "text": "State Council appointed by National People's Congress" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president and vice president indirectly elected by National People's Congress; election last held on 10 March 2023 (next to be held in March 2028); premier nominated by president, confirmed by National People's Congress" + "text": "president and vice president indirectly elected by National People's Congress; premier nominated by president, confirmed by National People's Congress" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "10 March 2023" }, "election results": { - "text": "
2023: XI Jinping reelected president; National People's Congress vote - 2,952 (unanimously); HAN Zheng
elected vice president with 2,952 votes; LI Qiang elected premier with 2,936 votes

2018: XI Jinping reelected president; National People's Congress vote - 2,970 (unanimously); WANG Qishan elected vice president with 2,969 votes" + "text": "
2023: XI Jinping reelected president; National People's Congress vote - 2,952 (unanimously); HAN Zheng elected vice president with 2,952 votes; LI Qiang elected premier with 2,936 votes

2018: XI Jinping reelected president; National People's Congress vote - 2,970 (unanimously); WANG Qishan elected vice president with 2,969 votes" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "March 2028" }, "note": "note: ultimate authority rests with the Communist Party Central Committee’s 25-member Political Bureau (Politburo) and its seven-member Standing Committee; XI Jinping holds the three most powerful positions as party general secretary, state president, and chairman of the Central Military Commission" }, @@ -705,7 +711,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "dragon, giant panda" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, yellow" }, "National anthem": { @@ -722,7 +728,7 @@ "text": "59 (40 cultural, 15 natural, 4 mixed)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "

Imperial Palaces of the Ming and Qing Dynasties (c); Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor (c); The Great Wall (c); Summer Palace, an Imperial Garden in Beijing (c); Jiuzhaigou Valley Scenic and Historic Interest Area (n); Historic Ensemble of the Potala Palace, Lhasa (c); Ancient Ancient City of Ping Yao (c); Historic Center of Macau (c); Historic Monuments of Dengfeng in “The Centre of Heaven and Earth” (c); The Grand Canal (c); Mount Huangshan (m);Mogao Caves (c);Mount Taishan (m);Peking Man Site at Zhoukoudian(c);Huanglong Scenic and Historic Interest Area (n);Wulingyuan Scenic and Historic Interest Area (n);Ancient Building Complex in the Wudang Mountains (c);Mountain Resort and its Outlying Temples, Chengde (c);Temple and Cemetery of Confucius and the Kong Family Mansion in Qufu (c);Lushan National Park (c);Mount Emei Scenic Area, including Leshan Giant Buddha Scenic Area (m); Classical Gardens of Suzhou (c);Old Town of Lijiang (c);Temple of Heaven: an Imperial Sacrificial Altar in Beijing (c); Dazu Rock Carvings (c); Mount Wuyi (m); Ancient Villages in Southern Anhui – Xidi and Hongcun (c);Imperial Tombs of the Ming and Qing Dynasties (c); Longmen Grottoes (c); Mount Qingcheng and the Dujiangyan Irrigation System (c); Yungang Grottoes (c); Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas (n); Capital Cities and Tombs of the Ancient Koguryo Kingdom (c);Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuaries - Wolong, Mt Siguniang and Jiajin Mountains (c);Yin Xu (c);Kaiping Diaolou and Villages (c);South China Karst (n);Fujian Tulou (c);Mount Sanqingshan National Park (n);Mount Wutai (c);China Danxia (n)West Lake Cultural Landscape of Hangzhou (c);Chengjiang Fossil Site (n);Site of Xanadu (c)Cultural Landscape of Honghe Hani Rice Terraces(c);Xinjiang Tianshan (n);Silk Roads: the Routes Network of Chang'an-Tianshan Corridor (c);Tusi Sites (c);Hubei Shennongjia (n);Zuojiang Huashan Rock Art Cultural Landscape (c);Kulangsu, a Historic International Settlement (c);Qinghai Hoh Xil (n);Fanjingshan (n);Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City (c);Migratory Bird Sanctuaries along the Coast of Yellow Sea-Bohai Gulf of China (n);Quanzhou: Emporium of the World in Song-Yuan China (c; )Cultural Landscape of Old Tea Forests of the Jingmai Mountain in Pu’er (c); Badain Jaran Desert - Towers of Sand and Lakes (n); Beijing Central Axis: A Building Ensemble Exhibiting the Ideal Order of the Chinese Capital(c)

" + "text": "

Imperial Palaces of the Ming and Qing Dynasties (c); Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor (c); The Great Wall (c); Summer Palace, an Imperial Garden in Beijing (c); Jiuzhaigou Valley Scenic and Historic Interest Area (n); Historic Ensemble of the Potala Palace, Lhasa (c); Ancient Ancient City of Ping Yao (c); Historic Center of Macau (c); Historic Monuments of Dengfeng in “The Centre of Heaven and Earth” (c); The Grand Canal (c); Mount Huangshan (m); Mogao Caves (c); Mount Taishan (m); Peking Man Site at Zhoukoudian(c); Huanglong Scenic and Historic Interest Area (n);Wulingyuan Scenic and Historic Interest Area (n); Ancient Building Complex in the Wudang Mountains (c); Mountain Resort and its Outlying Temples, Chengde (c); Temple and Cemetery of Confucius and the Kong Family Mansion in Qufu (c); Lushan National Park (c); Mount Emei Scenic Area, including Leshan Giant Buddha Scenic Area (m); Classical Gardens of Suzhou (c); Old Town of Lijiang (c); Temple of Heaven: an Imperial Sacrificial Altar in Beijing (c); Dazu Rock Carvings (c); Mount Wuyi (m); Ancient Villages in Southern Anhui – Xidi and Hongcun (c); Imperial Tombs of the Ming and Qing Dynasties (c); Longmen Grottoes (c); Mount Qingcheng and the Dujiangyan Irrigation System (c); Yungang Grottoes (c); Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas (n); Capital Cities and Tombs of the Ancient Koguryo Kingdom (c); Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuaries - Wolong, Mt. Siguniang, and Jiajin Mountains (c); Yin Xu (c); Kaiping Diaolou and Villages (c); South China Karst (n); Fujian Tulou (c); Mount Sanqingshan National Park (n); Mount Wutai (c); China Danxia (n); West Lake Cultural Landscape of Hangzhou (c); Chengjiang Fossil Site (n); Site of Xanadu (c); Cultural Landscape of Honghe Hani Rice Terraces(c); Xinjiang Tianshan (n); Silk Roads: the Routes Network of Chang'an-Tianshan Corridor (c); Tusi Sites (c); Hubei Shennongjia (n); Zuojiang Huashan Rock Art Cultural Landscape (c); Kulangsu, a Historic International Settlement (c); Qinghai Hoh Xil (n); Fanjingshan (n); Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City (c); Migratory Bird Sanctuaries along the Coast of Yellow Sea-Bohai Gulf of China (n); Quanzhou: Emporium of the World in Song-Yuan China (c); Cultural Landscape of Old Tea Forests of the Jingmai Mountain in Pu’er (c); Badain Jaran Desert - Towers of Sand and Lakes (n); Beijing Central Axis: A Building Ensemble Exhibiting the Ideal Order of the Chinese Capital (c)

" } } }, diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/hk.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/hk.json index 04341e57..9446d823 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/hk.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/hk.json @@ -434,11 +434,17 @@ "text": "Executive Council or ExCo appointed by the chief executive" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president indirectly elected by National People's Congress for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 10 March 2023 (next to be held in March 2028); chief executive indirectly elected by the Election Committee and appointed by the PRC Government for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 8 May 2022 (next to be held in 2027)" + "text": "president indirectly elected by National People's Congress for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); chief executive indirectly elected by the Election Committee and appointed by the PRC Government for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "president: 10 March 2023

chief executive: 8 May 2022" }, "election results": { "text": "
2022: John LEE was the only candidate and won with over 99% of the vote by the Election Committee

2017: Carrie LAM elected; Election Committee vote - Carrie LAM (non-partisan) 777, John TSANG (non-partisan) 365, WOO Kwok-hing (non-partisan) 21, 23 ballots rejected (1,186 votes cast)" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "president: March 2028

chief executive: 2027" + }, "note": "note: electoral changes that Beijing imposed in March 2021 expanded the Election Committee to 1,500 members" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -527,7 +533,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "bauhinia flower" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white" }, "National anthem": { @@ -590,18 +596,6 @@ }, "note": "note: annual % change based on consumer prices" }, - "Credit ratings": { - "Fitch rating": { - "text": "AA- (2020)" - }, - "Moody's rating": { - "text": "Aa3 (2020)" - }, - "Standard & Poors rating": { - "text": "AA+ (2017)" - }, - "note": "note: The year refers to the year in which the current credit rating was first obtained." - }, "GDP - composition, by sector of origin": { "agriculture": { "text": "0% (2023 est.)" diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/id.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/id.json index c31df6e3..2e8405cd 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/id.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/id.json @@ -577,11 +577,17 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president and vice president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 14 February 2024 (next to be held in 2029)" + "text": "president and vice president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "14 February 2024" }, "election results": { "text": "
2024: PRABOWO Subianto elected president (assumes office 20 October 2024); percent of vote - PRABOWO Subianto (GERINDRA) 58.6%, Anies Rasyid BASWEDAN (Independent) 24.9%, GANJAR Pranowo (PDI-P) 16.5%

2019: Joko WIDODO reelected president; percent of vote - Joko WIDODO (PDI-P) 55.5%, PRABOWO Subianto Djojohadikusumo (GERINDRA) 44.5%" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2029" + }, "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -692,7 +698,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "garuda (mythical bird)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/ja.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/ja.json index 32446fc8..b5fd413e 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/ja.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/ja.json @@ -704,7 +704,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "red sun disc, chrysanthemum" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white" }, "National coat of arms": { @@ -724,7 +724,7 @@ "text": "26 (21 cultural, 5 natural)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "

Buddhist Monuments in the Horyu-ji Area (c); Historic Monuments of Ancient Nara (c); Himeji-jo (c); Shiretoko (n); Mozu-Furuichi Kofun Group: Mounded Tombs of Ancient Japan (c); Iwami Ginzan Silver Mine and its Cultural Landscape (c); Jomon Prehistoric Sites in Northern Japan (c); Yakushima (n); Historic Monuments of Ancient Kyoto (Kyoto, Uji and Otsu Cities)(c); Hiroshima Peace Memorial (Genbaku Dome) (c); Shirakami-Sanchi (n); Historic Villages of Shirakawa-go and Gokayama (c); Itsukushima Shinto Shrine (c); Historic Monuments of Ancient Nara (c); Shrines and Temples of Nikko (c); Gusuku Sites and Related Properties of the Kingdom of Ryukyu (c); Sacred Sites and Pilgrimage Routes in the Kii Mountain Range (c); Hiraizumi – Temples, Gardens and Archaeological Sites Representing the Buddhist Pure Land (c); Ogasawara Islands (n); Fujisan, sacred place and source of artistic inspiration (c); Tomioka Silk Mill and Related Sites (c); Sites of Japan’s Meiji Industrial Revolution: Iron and Steel, Shipbuilding and Coal Mining (c); The Architectural Work of Le Corbusier, an Outstanding Contribution to the Modern Movement (c); Sacred Island of Okinoshima and Associated Sites in the Munakata Region (c); Hidden Christian Sites in the Nagasaki Region (c); Amami-Oshima Island, Tokunoshima Island, Northern part of Okinawa Island, and Iriomote Island (n); Jomon Prehistoric Sites in Northern Japan (c); Sado Island Gold Mines (c)

" + "text": "

Buddhist Monuments in the Horyu-ji Area (c); Historic Monuments of Ancient Nara (c); Himeji-jo (c); Shiretoko (n); Mozu-Furuichi Kofun Group: Mounded Tombs of Ancient Japan (c); Jomon Prehistoric Sites in Northern Japan (c); Yakushima (n); Historic Monuments of Ancient Kyoto (Kyoto, Uji and Otsu Cities) (c); Hiroshima Peace Memorial (Genbaku Dome) (c); Shirakami-Sanchi (n); Historic Villages of Shirakawa-go and Gokayama (c); Itsukushima Shinto Shrine (c); Historic Monuments of Ancient Nara (c); Shrines and Temples of Nikko (c); Gusuku Sites and Related Properties of the Kingdom of Ryukyu (c); Sacred Sites and Pilgrimage Routes in the Kii Mountain Range (c); Hiraizumi – Temples, Gardens and Archaeological Sites Representing the Buddhist Pure Land (c); Ogasawara Islands (n); Sacred Island of Okinoshima and Associated Sites in the Munakata Region (c); Hidden Christian Sites in the Nagasaki Region (c); Amami-Oshima Island, Tokunoshima Island, Northern part of Okinawa Island, and Iriomote Island (n); Jomon Prehistoric Sites in Northern Japan (c)

" } } }, diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/kn.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/kn.json index 9e7a94ff..4ac25b79 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/kn.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/kn.json @@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ "text": "14,600 sq km (2012)" }, "Population distribution": { - "text": "population concentrated in the plains and lowlands; least populated regions are the mountainous provinces adjacent to the Chinese border; largest concentrations are in the western provinces, particularly the municipal district of Pyongyang, and around Hungnam and Wonsan in the east" + "text": "population concentrated in the plains and lowlands; least-populated regions are the mountainous provinces adjacent to the Chinese border; largest concentrations are in the western provinces, particularly the municipal district of Pyongyang, and around Hungnam and Wonsan in the east" }, "Natural hazards": { "text": "

late spring droughts often followed by severe flooding; occasional typhoons during the early fall

volcanism: P'aektu-san (2,744 m) (also known as Baitoushan, Baegdu, or Changbaishan), on the Chinese border, is considered historically active

" @@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ "text": "0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2024 est.)" }, "Population distribution": { - "text": "population concentrated in the plains and lowlands; least populated regions are the mountainous provinces adjacent to the Chinese border; largest concentrations are in the western provinces, particularly the municipal district of Pyongyang, and around Hungnam and Wonsan in the east" + "text": "population concentrated in the plains and lowlands; least-populated regions are the mountainous provinces adjacent to the Chinese border; largest concentrations are in the western provinces, particularly the municipal district of Pyongyang, and around Hungnam and Wonsan in the east" }, "Urbanization": { "urban population": { @@ -519,14 +519,20 @@ "text": "Supreme People's Assembly President CHOE Ryong Hae (since 11 April 2019)" }, "cabinet": { - "text": "Cabinet or Naegak members appointed by the Supreme People's Assembly except the Minister of People's Armed Forces" + "text": "Cabinet or Naegak members appointed by the Supreme People's Assembly, except the Minister of People's Armed Forces" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "chief of state and premier indirectly elected by the Supreme People's Assembly; election last held on 10 March 2019 (next to be held in March 2024)" + "text": "chief of state and premier indirectly elected by the Supreme People's Assembly" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "11 April 2019" }, "election results": { "text": "
2019: KIM Jong Un reelected unopposed" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "March 2024" + }, "note": "note 1: KIM Jong Un's titles include general secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea (KWP), chairman of the KWP Central Military Commission, president of the State Affairs Commission, and supreme commander of the Korean People's Army

note 2: in the North Korean system, KIM Jong Un's role as chief of state is secondary to his role as general secretary of the Korean Workers' Party; chief of state is used to engage with non-communist countries such as the US; North Korea revised its constitution in 2019 to define \"the Chairman of the State Affairs Commission\" as \"the supreme leader who represents the state\"; functions as the commander-in-chief and chief executive; the specific titles associated with this office have changed multiple times under KIM's tenure, but KIM Jong Un has been supreme leader since his father's death in 2011

note 3: the head of government functions as the technical head of state and performs related duties, such as receiving ambassadors' credentials" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -596,7 +602,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "red star, chollima (winged horse)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white, blue" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/ks.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/ks.json index 62dc43e7..e931fc72 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/ks.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/ks.json @@ -547,11 +547,17 @@ "text": "State Council appointed by the president on the prime minister's recommendation" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a single 5-year term; election held on 3 June 2025 (next to be held in 2030) was a special snap election in the wake of the impeachment of former President YOON Suk-yeol; prime minister appointed by president with consent of the National Assembly" + "text": "president directly elected by simple-majority popular vote for a single 5-year term; prime minister appointed by president with consent of the National Assembly" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "3 June 2025 (special snap election in the wake of the impeachment of former President YOON Suk-yeol)" }, "election results": { "text": "2025: LEE Jae-myung elected president; LEE Jae-myung (DPK) 49.4%, KIM Moon-soo (PPP) 41.2%, LEE Jun-seok (New Reform Party) 8.3%

2022: YOON Suk-yeol elected president; YOON Suk-yeol (PPP) 48.6%, LEE Jae-myung (DPK) 47.8%; other 3.6%" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2030" + }, "note": "note 1: the president is both chief of state and head of government; the prime minister serves as the principal executive assistant to the president, similar to the role of a vice president

note 2: President LEE Jae-myung has nominated KIM Min Seok to replace Acting Prime Minister LEE" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -658,7 +664,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "taegeuk (yin-yang symbol), Rose of Sharon (Hibiscus syriacus), Siberian tiger" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white, blue, black" }, "National anthem": { @@ -675,7 +681,7 @@ "text": "16 (14 cultural, 2 natural)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "Jeju Volcanic Island and Lava Tubes (n); Changdeokgung Palace Complex (c); Jongmyo Shrine (c); Seokguram Grotto and Bulguksa Temple (c); Gochang, Hwasun, and Ganghwa Dolmen Sites (c); Gyeongju Historic Areas (c); Namhansanseong (c); Baekje Historic Areas (c); Sansa, Buddhist Mountain Monasteries in Korea (c); Royal Tombs of the Joseon Dynasty (c)" + "text": "Jeju Volcanic Island and Lava Tubes (n); Changdeokgung Palace Complex (c); Jongmyo Shrine (c); Seokguram Grotto and Bulguksa Temple (c); Hwaseong Fortress (c); Gochang, Hwasun, and Ganghwa Dolmen Sites (c); Gyeongju Historic Areas (c); Namhansanseong (c); Baekje Historic Areas (c); Sansa, Buddhist Mountain Monasteries in Korea (c); Royal Tombs of the Joseon Dynasty (c)" } } }, diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/la.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/la.json index ea7230c5..b2bd995a 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/la.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/la.json @@ -551,10 +551,16 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president and approved by the National Assembly" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president and vice president indirectly elected by the National Assembly for a 5-year term (no term limits); election last held on 22 March 2021 (next to be held in March 2026); prime minister nominated by the president, elected by the National Assembly for a 5-year term" + "text": "president and vice president indirectly elected by the National Assembly for a 5-year term (no term limits); prime minister nominated by the president, elected by the National Assembly for a 5-year term" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "22 March 2021" }, "election results": { "text": "
2021: THONGLOUN Sisoulith (LPRP) elected president; National Assembly vote - 161-1; PHANKHAM Viphavanh (LPRP) elected prime minister; National Assembly vote - 158-3

2016: BOUNNHANG Vorachit (LPRP) elected president; percent of National Assembly vote - NA; THONGLOUN Sisoulith (LPRP) elected prime minister; percent of National Assembly vote - NA" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "March 2026" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -656,7 +662,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "elephant" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white, blue" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/mc.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/mc.json index 49c8cb3c..a9fe64cb 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/mc.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/mc.json @@ -375,10 +375,16 @@ "text": "Executive Council appointed by the chief executive" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president indirectly elected by National People's Congress for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 10 March 2023 (next to be held in March 2028); chief executive chosen by a 400-member Election Committee for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 13 October 2024 (next to be held in 2029)" + "text": "president indirectly elected by National People's Congress for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); chief executive chosen by a 400-member Election Committee for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "president: 10 March 2023

chief executive: 13 October 2024" }, "election results": { "text": "
2024: Sam Hou FAI (unopposed; received 394 out of 400 votes)

2019: HO lat Seng (unopposed; received 392 out of 400 votes)" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "president: March 2028

chief executive: 2029" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -448,7 +454,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "lotus blossom" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "green, white, yellow" }, "National anthem": { @@ -511,15 +517,6 @@ }, "note": "note: annual % change based on consumer prices" }, - "Credit ratings": { - "Fitch rating": { - "text": "AA (2018)" - }, - "Moody's rating": { - "text": "Aa3 (2016)" - }, - "note": "note: The year refers to the year in which the current credit rating was first obtained." - }, "GDP - composition, by sector of origin": { "industry": { "text": "5.4% (2023 est.)" diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/mg.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/mg.json index 3f99824e..8e807b0e 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/mg.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/mg.json @@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ "text": "Amur (shared with China [s] and Russia [m]) - 4,444 km

note: [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth" }, "Population distribution": { - "text": "sparsely distributed population throughout the country; the capital of Ulaanbaatar and the northern city of Darhan support the highest population densities" + "text": "population sparsely distributed throughout the country; the capital of Ulaanbaatar and the northern city of Darhan support the highest population densities" }, "Natural hazards": { "text": "dust storms; grassland and forest fires; drought; \"zud,\" which is harsh winter conditions" @@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ "text": "-0.8 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2024 est.)" }, "Population distribution": { - "text": "sparsely distributed population throughout the country; the capital of Ulaanbaatar and the northern city of Darhan support the highest population densities" + "text": "population sparsely distributed throughout the country; the capital of Ulaanbaatar and the northern city of Darhan support the highest population densities" }, "Urbanization": { "urban population": { @@ -561,13 +561,19 @@ "text": "Prime Minister Gombojavyn ZANDANSHATAR (since 13 June 2025)" }, "cabinet": { - "text": "Cabinet directly appointed by the prime minister following a constitutional amendment ratified in November 2019; prior to the amendment, the Cabinet was nominated by the prime minister in consultation with the president and confirmed by the State Great Hural (parliament)" + "text": "Cabinet directly appointed by the prime minister" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "presidential candidates nominated by political parties represented in the State Great Hural and directly elected by simple majority popular vote for one 6-year term; election last held on 9 June 2021 (next to be held in 2027); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition is usually elected prime minister by the State Great Hural" + "text": "presidential candidates nominated by political parties represented in the State Great Hural and directly elected by simple-majority popular vote for one 6-year term; following legislative elections, the State Great Hural usually elects the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as prime minister" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "9 June 2021" }, "election results": { "text": "
2021: Ukhnaagiin KHURELSUKH elected president in first round; percent of vote - Ukhnaagiin KHURELSUKH (MPP) 68%, Dangaasuren ENKHBAT (RPEC) 20.1%, Sodnomzundui ERDENE (DP) 6%

2017:  Khaltmaa BATTULGA elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Khaltmaa BATTULGA (DP) 38.1%, Miyegombo ENKHBOLD (MPP) 30.3%, Sainkhuu GANBAATAR (MPRP) 30.2%, invalid 1.4%; percent of vote in second round - Khaltmaa BATTULGA 55.2%, Miyegombo ENKHBOLD 44.8%" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2027" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -671,7 +677,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "Soyombo character (from the Soyombo writing system)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, blue, yellow" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/my.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/my.json index 973c69c7..fbe539ae 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/my.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/my.json @@ -540,13 +540,19 @@ "text": "King Sultan IBRAHIM ibni al-Marhum Sultan Iskandar (since 31 January 2024)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "Prime Minister ANWAR Ibrahim (since 25 November 2022)" + "text": "Prime Minister ANWAR Ibrahim (since 24 November 2022)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Cabinet appointed by the prime minister from among members of Parliament with the consent of the king" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "king elected by and from the hereditary rulers of 9 states for a 5-year term; election is on a rotational basis among rulers of the 9 states; election last held on 24 October 2023 (next to be held in October 2028 with installation in January 2029); prime minister designated from among members of the House of Representatives; following legislative elections, the leader who commands support of the majority of members in the House becomes prime minister" + "text": "king elected by and from the hereditary rulers of 9 states for a 5-year term; election is on a rotational basis among rulers of the 9 states; prime minister designated from among members of the House of Representatives; following legislative elections, the leader who has support of the majority of members in the House becomes prime minister" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "24 October 2023" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "October 2028, with inauguration in January 2029" }, "note": "note: the position of the king is primarily ceremonial, but he is the final arbiter on the appointment of the prime minister" }, @@ -669,7 +675,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "tiger, hibiscus" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "gold, black" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/pp.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/pp.json index e0a644bd..1263f5d0 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/pp.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/pp.json @@ -546,7 +546,7 @@ "text": "National Executive Council appointed by the governor general on the recommendation of the prime minister" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general nominated by the National Parliament and appointed by the chief of state; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the governor general pending the outcome of a National Parliament vote" + "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general nominated by the National Parliament and appointed by the chief of state; following legislative elections, the governor general usually appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as prime minister, pending a National Parliament vote" }, "election results": { "text": "James MARAPE reelected prime minister; National Parliament vote - 105 out of 118" @@ -647,7 +647,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "bird of paradise" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, black" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/rp.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/rp.json index 6557a3a4..1218ec4e 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/rp.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/rp.json @@ -560,14 +560,20 @@ "text": "President Ferdinand \"BongBong\" MARCOS, Jr. (since 30 June 2022)" }, "cabinet": { - "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president with the consent of the Commission of Appointments, an independent body of 25 Congressional members including the Senate president (ex officio chairman), appointed by the president" + "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president with the consent of the Commission of Appointments, an independent body of 25 Congressional members that includes the Senate president (ex officio chairman) and is appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president and vice president directly elected on separate ballots by simple majority popular vote for a single 6-year term; election last held on 9 May 2022 (next to be held on 9 May 2028)" + "text": "president and vice president directly elected on separate ballots by simple-majority popular vote for a single 6-year term" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "9 May 2022" }, "election results": { "text": "
2022: Ferdinand MARCOS, Jr. elected president; percent of vote - Ferdinand MARCOS, Jr. (PFP) 58.7%, Leni ROBREDO (independent) 27.9%, Manny PACQUIAO (PROMDI) 6.8%, other 6.6%; Sara DUTERTE-Carpio elected vice president; percent of vote Sara DUTERTE-Carpio (Lakas-CMD) 61.5%, Francis PANGILINAN (LP) 17.8%, Tito SOTTO 15.8%, other 4.9%

2016: Rodrigo DUTERTE elected president; percent of vote - Rodrigo DUTERTE (PDP-Laban) 39%, Manuel \"Mar\" ROXAS (LP) 23.5%, Grace POE (independent) 21.4%, Jejomar BINAY (UNA) 12.7%, Miriam Defensor SANTIAGO (PRP) 3.4%; Leni ROBREDO elected vice president; percent of vote Leni ROBREDO (LP) 35.1%, Ferdinand MARCOS, Jr. (independent) 34.5%, Alan CAYETANO 14.4%, Francis ESCUDERO (independent) 12%, other 4%" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "9 May 2028" + }, "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -700,7 +706,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "three stars and sun, Philippine eagle" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white, blue, yellow" }, "National coat of arms": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/sn.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/sn.json index 7f010544..e411b408 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/sn.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/sn.json @@ -531,13 +531,19 @@ "text": "Prime Minister Lawrence WONG (since 15 May 2024)" }, "cabinet": { - "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister; Cabinet responsible to Parliament" + "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister; responsible to Parliament" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 6-year term (no term limits); election last held on 1 September 2023 (next to be held in 2029); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition appointed prime minister by the president; deputy prime ministers appointed by the president" + "text": "president directly elected by simple-majority popular vote for a 6-year term (no term limits); following legislative elections, the president appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as prime minister; deputy prime ministers also appointed by the president" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "1 September 2023" }, "election results": { "text": "
2023: THARMAN Shanmugaratnam elected president; percent of vote - THARMAN Shanmugaratnam (independent) 70.4%, NG Kok Song (independent) 15.7%, TAN Kin Lian (independent) 13.9%

2017: HALIMAH Yacob declared president on 13 September 2017, being the only eligible candidate" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2029" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -642,7 +648,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "lion, merlion (mythical half-lion, half-fish creature), orchid" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/th.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/th.json index 9ad05f6c..bdf55bf8 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/th.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/th.json @@ -581,7 +581,7 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers nominated by the prime minister, appointed by the king; a Privy Council advises the king" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; prime minister candidate approved by the Senate and House of Representatives and appointed by the king; starting in 2024, approval of prime minister needed only by the House of Representatives" + "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; prime minister candidate approved by House of Representatives and appointed by the king" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -718,7 +718,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "garuda (mythical half-man, half-bird figure), elephant" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white, blue" }, "National coat of arms": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/tt.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/tt.json index 8db0b7ec..f2b0145f 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/tt.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/tt.json @@ -525,11 +525,17 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers; ministers proposed to the prime minister by the coalition in the Parliament and sworn in by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); last election held on 19 March 2022, with a runoff on 19 April 2022 (next to be held in April 2027); following parliamentary elections, the president appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as the prime minister" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); following parliamentary elections, the president appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as the prime minister" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "19 March 2022, with a runoff on 19 April 2022" }, "election results": { "text": "
2022: José RAMOS-HORTA elected president in second round - RAMOS-HORTA (CNRT) 62.1%, Francisco GUTERRES (FRETILIN) 37.9%

2017: Francisco GUTERRES elected president; Francisco GUTERRES (FRETILIN) 57.1%, António da CONCEICAO (PD) 32.5%, other 10.4%" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "April 2027" + }, "note": "note: the president is commander in chief of the military and can veto legislation, dissolve parliament, and call national elections" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -630,7 +636,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "Mount Ramelau" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, yellow, black, white" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/tw.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/tw.json index 1cc62acc..f133851a 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/tw.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/tw.json @@ -419,19 +419,25 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President LAI Ching-te (since 19 May 2024)" + "text": "President LAI Ching-te (since 20 May 2024)" }, "head of government": { "text": "Premier CHO Jung-tai (President of the Executive Yuan) (since 20 May 2024)" }, "cabinet": { - "text": "Executive Yuan - ministers appointed by president on recommendation of premier" + "text": "Executive Yuan; ministers appointed by president on recommendation of premier" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by simple majority popular vote for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 13 January 2024 (next to be held in 2028); premier appointed by the president; vice premiers appointed by the president on the recommendation of the premier" + "text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by simple-majority popular vote for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); premier appointed by the president; vice premiers appointed by the president on the recommendation of the premier" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "13 January 2024" }, "election results": { - "text": "
2023: LAI Ching-te elected president; percent of vote - LAI Ching-te (DPP) 40.1%, HOU Yu-ih (KMT) 33.5%, KO Wen-je (TPP) 26.5%)

2020: TSAI Ing-wen reelected president; percent of vote - TSAI Ing-wen (DPP) 57.1%, HAN Kuo-yu (KMT) 38.6%, James SOONG (PFP) 4.3%


" + "text": "
2024: LAI Ching-te elected president; percent of vote - LAI Ching-te (DPP) 40.1%, HOU Yu-ih (KMT) 33.5%, KO Wen-je (TPP) 26.5%)

2020: TSAI Ing-wen reelected president; percent of vote - TSAI Ing-wen (DPP) 57.1%, HAN Kuo-yu (KMT) 38.6%, James SOONG (PFP) 4.3%


" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2028" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -527,7 +533,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "white sun with 12 rays on a blue field" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, white, red" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/vm.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/vm.json index f92f6d34..1a450292 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/vm.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/vm.json @@ -563,7 +563,7 @@ "text": "Cabinet proposed by the prime minister, confirmed by the National Assembly, and appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president indirectly elected by the National Assembly from among its members for a single 5-year term; prime minister recommended by the president and confirmed by the National Assembly; deputy prime ministers confirmed by the National Assembly and appointed by the president" + "text": "president indirectly elected by the National Assembly from among its members for a single 5-year term; prime minister recommended by the president and confirmed by the National Assembly; deputy prime ministers appointed by the president and confirmed by the National Assembly" }, "note": "note: in August 2024, To LAM was elected general secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam, the country’s most powerful position" }, @@ -676,7 +676,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "five-pointed yellow star on a red field, lotus blossom" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, yellow" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/europe/al.json b/europe/al.json index ce1e465f..73333eb7 100644 --- a/europe/al.json +++ b/europe/al.json @@ -561,10 +561,16 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers proposed by the prime minister, nominated by the president, and approved by the Assembly" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president indirectly elected by the Assembly for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); a candidate needs three-fifths majority vote of the Assembly in 1 of 3 rounds or a simple majority in 2 additional rounds to become president; election last held in 4 rounds on 16, 23, and 30 May and 4 June 2022 (next election to be held in 2027); prime minister appointed by the president on the proposal of the majority party or coalition of parties in the Assembly" + "text": "president indirectly elected by the Assembly for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); a candidate needs three-fifths majority vote of the Assembly in 1 of 3 rounds or a simple majority in 2 additional rounds to become president; prime minister appointed by the president on the proposal of the majority party or coalition of parties in the Assembly" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "held in 4 rounds on 16, 23, and 30 May and 4 June 2022" }, "election results": { "text": "
2022: Bajram BEGAJ elected president in the fourth round; Assembly vote - 78-4, opposition parties boycotted

2017: Ilir META elected president in the fourth round; Assembly vote - 87-2" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2027" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -669,7 +675,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "black double-headed eagle" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, black" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/europe/an.json b/europe/an.json index 82bc7eaf..c0a37d43 100644 --- a/europe/an.json +++ b/europe/an.json @@ -487,10 +487,16 @@ "text": "Executive Council composed of head of government and 11 ministers designated by the head of government" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "head of government indirectly elected by the General Council (Andorran parliament), formally appointed by the co-princes for a 4-year term; election last held on 2 April 2023 (next to be held in April 2027); the leader of the majority party in the General Council is usually elected head of government" + "text": "head of government indirectly elected by the General Council (Andorran parliament), formally appointed by the co-princes for a 4-year term; the leader of the majority party in the General Council is usually elected head of government" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "2 April 2023" }, "election results": { "text": "
2023: Xaviar Espot ZAMORA (DA) reelected head of government; percent of General Council vote - 57.1%

2019: Xaviar Espot ZAMORA (DA) elected head of government; percent of General Council vote - 60.7" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "April 2027" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -578,7 +584,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "red cow (breed unspecified)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, yellow, red" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/europe/au.json b/europe/au.json index adc52ba7..cdea3649 100644 --- a/europe/au.json +++ b/europe/au.json @@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ "text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Rhine-Maas (198,735 sq km), (Black Sea) Danube (795,656 sq km)" }, "Population distribution": { - "text": "the northern and eastern portions of the country are more densely populated; nearly two-thirds of the populace lives in urban areas" + "text": "the northern and eastern portions of the country are more densely populated; nearly two thirds of the populace lives in urban areas" }, "Natural hazards": { "text": "landslides; avalanches; earthquakes" @@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ "text": "3.5 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2024 est.)" }, "Population distribution": { - "text": "the northern and eastern portions of the country are more densely populated; nearly two-thirds of the populace lives in urban areas" + "text": "the northern and eastern portions of the country are more densely populated; nearly two thirds of the populace lives in urban areas" }, "Urbanization": { "urban population": { @@ -560,10 +560,16 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers proposed by the chancellor and appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 9 October 2022 (next to be held in 2028); chancellor appointed by the president but determined by the majority coalition parties in the Federal Assembly; vice chancellor appointed by the president on the advice of the chancellor" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term); chancellor appointed by the president but determined by the majority coalition parties in the Federal Assembly; vice chancellor appointed by the president on the advice of the chancellor" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "9 October 2022" }, "election results": { "text": "
2022: Alexander VAN DER BELLEN reelected in first round; percent of vote - Alexander VAN DER BELLEN (independent) 56.7%, Walter ROSENKRANZ (FPO) 17.7%, Dominik WLAZNY (Beer Party) 8.3%, Tassilo WALLENTIN (independent) 8.1%, Gerald GROSZ (independent) 5.6%

2016: Alexander VAN DER BELLEN elected in second round; percent of vote in first round - Norbert HOFER (FPOe) 35.1%, Alexander VAN DER BELLEN (independent, allied with the Greens) 21.3%, Irmgard GRISS (independent) 18.9%, Rudolf HUNDSTORFER (SPOe) 11.3%, Andreas KHOL (OeVP) 11.1%, Richard LUGNER (independent) 2.3%; percent of vote in second round - Alexander VAN DER BELLEN 53.8%, Norbert HOFER 46.2%" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2028" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -610,6 +616,9 @@ "number of seats": { "text": "60 (all indirectly elected)" }, + "parties elected and seats per party": { + "text": "People's Party (OVP) (22); Social Democratic Party (SPO) (18); Freedom Party (16); Greens (3); NEOS (New Austria) (1)" + }, "percentage of women in chamber": { "text": "46.7%" } @@ -686,7 +695,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "eagle, edelweiss, Alpine gentian" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/europe/be.json b/europe/be.json index ac33c3b5..9bd214b6 100644 --- a/europe/be.json +++ b/europe/be.json @@ -564,7 +564,7 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers formally appointed by the monarch" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "the monarchy is hereditary and constitutional; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the monarch and approved by Parliament" + "text": "the monarchy is hereditary and constitutional; following legislative elections, the monarch usually appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as prime minister, which the legislature approves" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -697,7 +697,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "golden rampant lion" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, black, yellow" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/europe/bk.json b/europe/bk.json index 1c5f0c90..708c0751 100644 --- a/europe/bk.json +++ b/europe/bk.json @@ -538,11 +538,17 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers nominated by the council chairperson, approved by the state-level House of Representatives" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "3-member presidency (1 Bosniak and 1 Croat elected from the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and 1 Serb elected from the Republika Srpska) directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term but then ineligible for 4 years); the presidency chairpersonship rotates every 8 months with the new member of the presidency elected with the highest number of votes starting the new mandate as chair; election last held on 2 October 2022 (next to be held in October 2026); the chairperson of the Council of Ministers appointed by the presidency and confirmed by the state-level House of Representatives" + "text": "3-member presidency (1 Bosniak and 1 Croat elected from the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and 1 Serb elected from the Republika Srpska) directly elected by simple-majority popular vote for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term but then ineligible for 4 years); the presidency chairpersonship rotates every 8 months, with the new member of the presidency elected with the highest number of votes starting the new mandate as chair; the chairperson of the Council of Ministers appointed by the presidency and confirmed by the state-level House of Representatives" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "2 October 2022" }, "election results": { "text": "
2022: percent of vote - Denis BECIROVIC - (SDP BiH) 57.4% - Bosniak seat; Zeljko KOMSIC (DF) 55.8% - Croat seat; Zeljka CVIJANOVIC (SNSD) 51.7% - Serb seat

2018: percent of vote - Milorad DODIK (SNSD) 53.9% - Serb seat; Zeljko KOMSIC (DF) 52.6% - Croat seat; Sefik DZAFEROVIC (SDA) 36.6% - Bosniak seat" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "October 2026" + }, "note": "note: President of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina Lidiia BRADARA (since 28 February 2023)" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -681,7 +687,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "golden lily" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, yellow, white" }, "National anthem": { @@ -698,7 +704,7 @@ "text": "5 (3 cultural, 2 natural)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "Old Bridge Area of Mostar (c); Mehmed Paša Sokolović Bridge in Višegrad (c); Stećci Medieval Tombstones Graveyards (c);Ancient and  Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe- Janj Forest (n); Vjetrenica Cave, Ravno (n)" + "text": "Old Bridge Area of Mostar (c); Mehmed Paša Sokolović Bridge in Višegrad (c); Stećci Medieval Tombstones Graveyards (c); Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe - Janj Forest (n); Vjetrenica Cave, Ravno (n)" } } }, diff --git a/europe/bo.json b/europe/bo.json index 4254818b..11c93dc2 100644 --- a/europe/bo.json +++ b/europe/bo.json @@ -553,10 +553,16 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (no term limits); first election held on 23 June and 10 July 1994; the 1994 constitution set the next election for 1999, but Alyaksandr LUKASHENKA extended his term to 2001 via a referendum; subsequent election held in 2001; a 2004 referendum ended presidential term limits and allowed LUKASHENKA to run and win a third term (19 March 2006), fourth term (19 December 2010), fifth term (11 October 2015), sixth term (9 August 2020), and seventh term (26 January 2025); next election to be held in 2030; prime minister and deputy prime ministers appointed by the president and approved by the National Assembly" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (no term limits); prime minister and deputy prime ministers appointed by the president and approved by the National Assembly" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "first election held on 23 June and 10 July 1994; the 1994 constitution set the next election for 1999, but Alyaksandr LUKASHENKA extended his term to 2001 via a referendum; subsequent election held in 2001; a 2004 referendum ended presidential term limits and allowed LUKASHENKA to run and win a third term (19 March 2006), fourth term (19 December 2010), fifth term (11 October 2015), sixth term (9 August 2020), and seventh term (26 January 2025)" }, "election results": { "text": "
2025: Alyaksandr LUKASHENKA reelected president; percent of vote - Alyaksandr LUKASHENKA (independent) 86.8%, Sergey Syrankov (Communist Party) 3.2%, 3.6% voting against all

2020: Alyaksandr LUKASHENKA reelected president; percent of vote - Alyaksandr LUKASHENKA (independent) 80.1%, Svyatlana TSIKHANOWSKAYA (independent) 10.1%, other 9.8%; note - widespread street protests erupted following announcement of the election results amid allegations of voter fraud

2015: Alyaksandr LUKASHENKA elected president; percent of vote - Alyaksandr LUKASHENKA (independent) 84.1%, Tatsyana KARATKEVIC (BSDPH) 4.4%, Sergey GAYDUKEVICH (LDP) 3.3%, other 8.2%." + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2030" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -685,7 +691,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "no official symbol; the mounted knight known as Pahonia (the Chaser) is the traditional symbol" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "green, red, white" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/europe/bu.json b/europe/bu.json index c125657c..d261b828 100644 --- a/europe/bu.json +++ b/europe/bu.json @@ -554,10 +554,16 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers nominated by the prime minister, elected by the National Assembly" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president and vice president elected on the same ballot by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 14 and 21 November 2021 (next to be held in fall 2026); chairman of the Council of Ministers (prime minister) elected by the National Assembly; deputy prime ministers nominated by the prime minister, elected by the National Assembly" + "text": "president and vice president elected on the same ballot by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); chairman of the Council of Ministers (prime minister) elected by the National Assembly; deputy prime ministers nominated by the prime minister, elected by the National Assembly" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "14 and 21 November 2021" }, "election results": { "text": "
2021: Rumen RADEV reelected president in second round; percent of vote in the first round - Rumen RADEV (independent) 49.4%, Anastas GERDZHIKOV (independent) 22.8%, Mustafa KARADAYI (DPS) 11.6%, Kostadin KOSTADINOV (Revival) 3.9%, Lozan PANOV (independent) 3.7%, other 8.6%; percent of vote in the second round - Rumen RADEV 66.7%, Anastas GERDZHIKOV 31.8%, neither 1.5%

2016: Rumen RADEV elected president in second round; percent of vote - Rumen RADEV (independent, supported by Bulgarian Socialist Party) 59.4%, Tsetska TSACHEVA (GERB) 36.2%, neither 4.5%" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "fall 2026" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -662,9 +668,12 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "lion" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "white, green, red" }, + "National coat of arms": { + "text": "

Bulgaria’s coat of arms in the national colors of white, green, and red was adopted in 1997; the three lions are a national symbol for strength, courage, and leadership that was used during the country’s liberation movement in the 1870s and the kingdom period in the early 20th century; above the shield is the crown of Bulgaria (originally the crown of the medieval Bulgarian tsars) with a gold cross on top; a white scroll over the oak branches bears the Bulgarian national motto, “United we stand strong”

 

" + }, "National anthem": { "name": { "text": "\"Mila Rodino\" (Dear Homeland)" diff --git a/europe/cy.json b/europe/cy.json index 88e1ddfb..cf8925ba 100644 --- a/europe/cy.json +++ b/europe/cy.json @@ -552,15 +552,21 @@ "text": "President Nikos CHRISTODOULIDIS (since 28 February 2023)" }, "cabinet": { - "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president; note - under the 1960 constitution, 3 of the ministerial posts reserved for Turkish Cypriots, appointed by the vice president; positions currently filled by Greek Cypriots" + "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (limited to 2 consecutive terms); election last held on held 5 February 2023, with a runoff on 12 February 2023 (next to be held in 2028)" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (limited to 2 consecutive terms)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "5 February 2023, with a runoff on 12 February 2023 " }, "election results": { "text": "
2023: Nikos CHRISTODOULIDIS elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Nikos CHRISTODOULIDIS (independent) 32%, Andreas MAVROGIANNIS (independent) 29.6%, Averof NEOFYTOU (DISY) 26.1%, Christos CHRISTOU (ELAM) 6%, other 6.3%; percent of vote in second round - Nikos CHRISTODOULIDS 52%, Andreas MAVROGIANNIS 48%

2018: Nikos ANASTASIADIS reelected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Nikos ANASTASIADIS (DISY) 35.5%, Stavros MALAS (AKEL) 30.2%, Nicolas PAPADOPOULOS (DIKO) 25.7%, other 8.6%; percent of vote in second round - Nikos ANASTASIADIS 56%, Stavros MALAS 44%" }, - "note": "note: vice presidency reserved for a Turkish Cypriot, but the post has been vacant since 1974 because Turkish Cypriots do not participate in the Republic of Cyprus Government" + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2028" + }, + "note": "note 1: vice presidency reserved for a Turkish Cypriot, but the post has been vacant since 1974 because Turkish Cypriots do not participate in the Republic of Cyprus Government

note 2: under the 1960 constitution, 3 ministerial posts are reserved for Turkish Cypriots, appointed by the vice president, but Greek Cypriots currently hold the positions" }, "Legislative branch": { "legislature name": { @@ -670,7 +676,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "Cypriot mouflon (wild sheep), white dove" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, white" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/europe/da.json b/europe/da.json index e79f2ef9..0a0aad6b 100644 --- a/europe/da.json +++ b/europe/da.json @@ -544,7 +544,7 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "King FREDERIK X (since 14 January 2024) " + "text": "King FREDERIK X (since 14 January 2024)" }, "head of government": { "text": "Prime Minister Mette FREDERIKSEN (since 27 June 2019)" @@ -553,7 +553,7 @@ "text": "Council of State appointed by the monarch" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the monarch" + "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; following legislative elections, the monarch usually appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as prime minister " }, "note": "note: Queen MARGRETHE II abdicated on 14 January 2024, the first Danish monarch to voluntarily abdicate since King ERIC III in 1146" }, @@ -662,11 +662,11 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "lion, mute swan" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white" }, "National coat of arms": { - "text": "Denmark’s King Frederick VI adopted the national coat of arms in 1819. The crown of King Christian V, who ruled Denmark and Norway from 1670 to 1699, sits atop the shield, symbolizing royal and national authority. The three lions represent a strong and powerful country, with red lily pads in the shape of hearts that stand for strength, valor, and joy." + "text": "Denmark’s King Frederick VI adopted the national coat of arms in 1819; the crown of King Christian V, who ruled Denmark and Norway from 1670 to 1699, sits atop the shield, symbolizing royal and national authority; the three lions represent a strong and powerful country, with red lily pads in the shape of hearts that stand for strength, valor, and joy" }, "National anthem": { "name": { @@ -682,7 +682,7 @@ "text": "11 (8 cultural, 3 natural); note - includes three sites in Greenland" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "Denmark: Mounds, Runic Stones, and Church at Jelling (c); Roskilde Cathedral (c); Kronborg Castle (c); Wadden Sea (n); Stevns Klint (n); Christiansfeld, Moravian Church Settlement (c); Par force hunting landscape, North Zealand (c); Greenland: Ilulissat Icefjord (n); Kujataa, Norse and Inuit Farming (c); Aasivissuit–Nipisat, Inuit Hunting Ground (c); Viking-Age Ring Fortresses (c)" + "text": "Denmark: Mounds, Runic Stones, and Church at Jelling (c); Roskilde Cathedral (c); Kronborg Castle (c); Wadden Sea (n); Stevns Klint (n); Christiansfeld, Moravian Church Settlement (c); Par force hunting landscape, North Zealand (c); Greenland: Ilulissat Icefjord (n); Kujataa, Norse and Inuit Farming (c); Aasivissuit–Nipisat, Inuit Hunting Ground (c); Viking-Age Ring Fortresses (c)" } } }, @@ -1168,8 +1168,8 @@ "text": "the Danish military inventory is comprised of modern European, US, and domestically produced weapons and equipment; the Danish defense industry is active in the production of naval vessels, defense electronics, and subcomponents of larger weapons systems, such as the US F-35 fighter aircraft; the major warships of the Royal Danish Navy were all produced domestically (2024)" }, "Military service age and obligation": { - "text": "18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service; conscripts serve an initial training period that varies from 4 to 12 months depending on specialization; former conscripts are assigned to mobilization units; women eligible to volunteer for military service; in addition to full time employment, the Danish military offers reserve contracts in all three branches (2023)", - "note": "note 1: women have been able serve in all military occupations, including combat arms, since 1988; as of 2022, they made up about 9% of the military's full-time personnel; in 2024, Denmark announced that it would extend military conscription to women in 2026

note 2: Denmark has had compulsory military service since 1849; conscripts are chosen by lottery; conscientious objectors can choose to instead serve 6 months in a non-military position, for example in Beredskabsstyrelsen (dealing with non-military disasters like fires, flood, pollution, etc.) or overseas foreign aid work

note 3: foreigners who have lived in Denmark for at least one year or in another EU country for six years may apply to join the armed forces, provided they are fluent in Danish " + "text": "18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service for men and women; conscripts serve 11 months, including five months of basic training, followed by six months in an operational unit (2025)", + "note": "note 1: women have been able serve in all military occupations, including combat arms, since 1988; as of 2022, they made up about 9% of the military's full-time personnel; military conscription was extended to women in June 2025

note 2: Denmark has had compulsory military service since 1849; conscripts are chosen by lottery (about 4,700 were selected in 2024); conscientious objectors can choose to instead serve 6 months in a non-military position, for example in Beredskabsstyrelsen (dealing with non-military disasters like fires, flood, pollution, etc.) or overseas foreign aid work

note 3: foreigners who have lived in Denmark for at least one year or in another EU country for six years may apply to join the armed forces, provided they are fluent in Danish" }, "Military deployments": { "text": "approximately 800 Latvia (NATO); Denmark contributes small numbers of air, ground, and naval forces to a variety of other NATO and international missions (2024)" diff --git a/europe/ee.json b/europe/ee.json index 4cf75572..51830393 100644 --- a/europe/ee.json +++ b/europe/ee.json @@ -345,7 +345,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "a circle of 12 five-pointed golden-yellow stars on a blue field" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, yellow" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/europe/ei.json b/europe/ei.json index 9d64a491..2a2bd2bf 100644 --- a/europe/ei.json +++ b/europe/ei.json @@ -535,10 +535,16 @@ "text": "Cabinet nominated by the prime minister, appointed by the president, approved by the Dali Eireann (lower house of Parliament)" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by majority popular vote for a 7-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 26 October 2018 (next to be held no later than November 2025); taoiseach (prime minister) nominated by the House of Representatives (Dail Eireann), appointed by the president" + "text": "president directly elected by majority popular vote for a 7-year term (eligible for a second term); taoiseach (prime minister) nominated by the House of Representatives (Dail Eireann), appointed by the president" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "26 October 2018" }, "election results": { "text": "
2025: Michael MARTIN is elected taoiseach by parliament, 95 votes to 76, and is appointed taoiseach by the president

2024: Simon HARRIS is elected taoiseach by parliament, 88 votes to 69, and is appointed taoiseach by the president

2018: Michael D. HIGGINS reelected president in first round; percent of vote in first round - Michael D. HIGGINS (independent) 55.8%, Peter CASEY (independent) 23.3%, Sean GALLAGHER (independent) 6.4%, Liadh NI RIADA (Sinn Fein) 6.4%, Joan FREEMAN (independent) 6%, Gavin DUFFY (independent) 2.2%" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "no later than November 2025" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -580,7 +586,7 @@ }, "Legislative branch - upper chamber": { "chamber name": { - "text": "Senate (Seanad Éireann - Senate)" + "text": "Senate (Seanad Éireann - Senate)" }, "number of seats": { "text": "60 (49 indirectly elected; 11 appointed)" @@ -594,6 +600,9 @@ "most recent election date": { "text": "1/29/2025 to 1/30/2025" }, + "parties elected and seats per party": { + "text": "Fianna Fail (19); Fine Gael (18); Sinn Fein (6); Independents (12); other (5)" + }, "percentage of women in chamber": { "text": "45%" }, @@ -671,7 +680,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "harp, shamrock (trefoil)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, green" }, "National anthem": { @@ -688,7 +697,7 @@ "text": "2 (both cultural)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "Brú na Bóinne - Archaeological Ensemble of the Bend of the Boyne; Sceilg Mhichíl" + "text": "Brú na Bóinne - Archaeological Ensemble of the Bend of the Boyne; Sceilg Mhichíl" } } }, diff --git a/europe/en.json b/europe/en.json index bf1a5b0e..0b23eb17 100644 --- a/europe/en.json +++ b/europe/en.json @@ -541,10 +541,16 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by the prime minister, approved by Parliament" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president indirectly elected by Parliament for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); if a candidate does not secure two thirds of the votes after 3 rounds of balloting, then an electoral college consisting of Parliament members and local council members elects the president, choosing between the 2 candidates with the highest number of votes; if a president is still not elected, the process begins again; election last held on 30 to 31 August 2021 (next to be held in 2026); prime minister nominated by the president and approved by Parliament" + "text": "president indirectly elected by Parliament for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); if a candidate does not secure two thirds of the votes after 3 rounds of balloting, then an electoral college consisting of Parliament members and local council members elects the president, choosing between the 2 candidates with the most votes; if a president is still not elected, the process begins again; prime minister nominated by the president and approved by Parliament" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "30-31 August 2021" }, "election results": { "text": "
2021: Alar KARIS (independent) elected president; won second round of voting in parliament with 72 of 101 votes

2016: Kersti KALJULAID elected president; won sixth round of voting in parliament with 81 of 98 votes (17 ballots blank); KALJULAID sworn in on 10 October 2016 - first female head of state of Estonia" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2026" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -648,7 +654,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "barn swallow, cornflower" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, black, white" }, "National anthem": { @@ -1148,7 +1154,7 @@ "note": "note 1: conscripts comprise approximately 3,000-3,300 of the Estonian military's active-duty personnel and serve in all branches, except for the Air Force; after conscript service, reservists are called up for training every 5 years; Estonia has had conscription since 1991

note 2: in 2021, women comprised about 10% of the full-time professional military force; the Defense League includes a Women's Voluntary Defense Organization" }, "Military - note": { - "text": "the Estonian military is a compact force that relies heavily on conscripts and reservists and the support of its NATO allies; Estonia’s defense policy aims to guarantee the country’s independence and sovereignty, protect its territorial integrity, including waters and airspace, and preserve constitutional order; Estonia’s main defense goals are developing and maintaining a credible deterrent to outside aggression and ensuring the Estonian Defense Forces (EDF) can fulfill their commitments to NATO and interoperate with the armed forces of NATO and EU member states; the EDF’s primary external focus is Russia; since Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022, Estonia has boosted defense spending, sent arms to Ukraine, and sought to boost the EDF’s capabilities in such areas as air defense, artillery, personnel readiness, and surveillance

Estonia has been a member of NATO since 2004 and is fully integrated within the NATO structure; since 2017, Estonia has hosted a UK-led multinational NATO ground force battlegroup as part of the Alliance’s Enhanced Forward Presence initiative; as the EDF Air Force does not have any combat aircraft, NATO has provided airspace protection for Estonia since 2004 through its Baltic Air Policing mission; NATO member countries that possess air combat capabilities voluntarily contribute to the mission on four-month rotations; NATO fighter aircraft have been hosted at Estonia’s Ämari Air Base since 2014; Estonia also hosts a NATO cyber security center; it cooperates closely with the EU on defense issues through the EU Common Security and Defense Policy and is a member of the UK-led Joint Expeditionary Force, a pool of high-readiness military forces from 10 Baltic and Scandinavian countries designed to respond to a wide range of contingencies in the North Atlantic, Baltic Sea, and High North regions; Estonia also has close defense ties with its Baltic neighbors and has bilateral military agreements with a number of European countries, as well as Canada and the US (2025)" + "text": "Estonia’s defense policy aims to guarantee the country’s independence and sovereignty, protect its territorial integrity, including waters and airspace, and preserve constitutional order; Estonia’s main defense goals are developing and maintaining a credible deterrent to outside aggression and ensuring the Estonian Defense Forces (EDF) can fulfill their commitments to NATO and interoperate with the armed forces of NATO and EU member states; the EDF’s primary external focus is Russia; since Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022, Estonia has boosted defense spending, sent arms to Ukraine, and sought to boost the EDF’s capabilities in such areas as air defense, artillery, personnel readiness, and surveillance

Estonia has been a member of NATO since 2004, is fully integrated within the NATO structure, and relies on its NATO partners for defense; since 2017, Estonia has hosted a UK-led multinational NATO ground force battlegroup as part of the Alliance’s Enhanced Forward Presence initiative; as the EDF Air Force does not have any combat aircraft, NATO has provided airspace protection for Estonia since 2004 through its Baltic Air Policing mission; NATO member countries that possess air combat capabilities voluntarily contribute to the mission on four-month rotations; NATO fighter aircraft have been hosted at Estonia’s Ämari Air Base since 2014; Estonia also hosts a NATO cyber security center; it cooperates closely with the EU on defense issues through the EU Common Security and Defense Policy and is a member of the UK-led Joint Expeditionary Force, a pool of high-readiness military forces from 10 Baltic and Scandinavian countries designed to respond to a wide range of contingencies in the North Atlantic, Baltic Sea, and High North regions; Estonia also has close defense ties with its Baltic neighbors and has bilateral military agreements with a number of European countries, as well as Canada and the US (2025)" } }, "Transnational Issues": { diff --git a/europe/ez.json b/europe/ez.json index c89766ab..b4a556e0 100644 --- a/europe/ez.json +++ b/europe/ez.json @@ -549,10 +549,16 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (limited to 2 consecutive terms); elections last held 13-14 January 2023, with a second round held  27-28 January 2023; next election to be held by January 2028; prime minister appointed by the president for a 4-year term" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (limited to 2 consecutive terms); prime minister appointed by the president for a 4-year term" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "13-14 January 2023, with a second round on 27-28 January 2023" }, "election results": { "text": "
2023: Petr PAVEL elected in the second round; percent of vote in the first round - Petr PAVEL (independent) 35.4%, Andrej BABIS (ANO) 35%, Danuse NERUDOVA (Mayors and Independents) 13.9%, Pavel FISCHER (independent) 6.8%; percent of vote in the second round - Petr PAVEL 58.3%, Andrej BABIS 41.6%

2018: Milos ZEMAN reelected president in the second round; percent of vote - Milos ZEMAN (SPO) 51.4%, Jiri DRAHOS (independent) 48.6%" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "by January 2028" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -692,7 +698,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "silver (or white) double-tailed rampant lion" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "white, red, blue" }, "National anthem": { @@ -709,7 +715,7 @@ "text": "17 (16 cultural, 1 natural)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "Historic Prague (c); Historic Telč (c); Historic Český Krumlov (c); Lednice-Valtice Cultural Landscape (c); Historic Kutná Hora (c); Holy Trinity Column, Olomouc (c); Karlovy Vary Spa (c); Zatec and the Landscape of Saaz Hops; Žatec and the Landscape of Saaz Hops (n)" + "text": "Historic Prague (c); Historic Telč (c); Historic Český Krumlov (c); Lednice-Valtice Cultural Landscape (c); Historic Kutná Hora (c); Holy Trinity Column, Olomouc (c); Karlovy Vary Spa (c); Zatec and the Landscape of Saaz Hops; Žatec and the Landscape of Saaz Hops (n)" } } }, diff --git a/europe/fi.json b/europe/fi.json index c54754c3..8e4d2eed 100644 --- a/europe/fi.json +++ b/europe/fi.json @@ -563,10 +563,16 @@ "text": "Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to Parliament" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term); first round held on 28 January 2024, with a runoff on 11 February 2024 (next to be held by 28 January 2030); prime minister appointed by Parliament" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister appointed by Parliament" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "28 January 2024, with a runoff on 11 February 2024" }, "election results": { "text": "
2024:  Alexander STUBB elected in the second round; percent of vote in the first round - Alexander STUBB (KoK) 27.2%, Pekka HAAVISTO (Vihr) 25.8%, Jussi HALLA-AHO (PS) 19.0%, Olli REHN (Kesk) 15.3%; percent of vote in second round - STUBB 51.6%, HAAVISTO 48.4%

2018:  Sauli NIINISTO reelected president; percent of vote - Sauli NIINISTO (independent) 62.7%, Pekka HAAVISTO (Vihr) 12.4%, Laura HUHTASAARI (PS) 6.9%, Paavo VAYRYNEN (independent) 6.2%, Matti VANHANEN (Kesk) 4.1%, other 7.7%" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "by 28 January 2030" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -671,7 +677,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "lion" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, white" }, "National anthem": { @@ -1185,14 +1191,14 @@ "text": "the military's inventory consists of a wide mix of modern US, European, Israeli, South Korean, and domestically produced weapons systems; the Finnish defense industry produces a variety of military equipment, including wheeled armored vehicles and naval vessels; Finland also cooperates with other European countries and the US in the joint production of arms (2024)" }, "Military service age and obligation": { - "text": "at age 18, all Finnish men are obligated to serve 5.5-12 months of service within a branch of the military or the Border Guard (length of service depends on the type of duty); women 18-29 may volunteer for service; there is also an option to perform non-military service which lasts for 8.5 or 11.5 months; after completing their initial conscript obligation, individuals enter the reserves and remain eligible for mobilization until the age of 50 for rank-and-file and 60 for non-commissioned and commissioned officers (2025)", + "text": "all Finnish men are obligated to serve 5.5-12 months of service within a branch of the military or the Border Guard upon reaching the age of 18 (length of service depends on the type of duty); women 18-29 may volunteer for service; there is also an option to perform non-military service which lasts for 8.5 or 11.5 months; after completing their initial conscript obligation, individuals enter the reserves and remain eligible for mobilization until the age of 50 for rank-and-file and 60 for non-commissioned and commissioned officers (2025)", "note": "note 1: Finland has had conscription since 1951; each year, the military inducts and active-duty units train approximately 21,000 conscripts; the resulting pool of trained reservists gives the FDF a wartime strength of approximately 280,000 and a total reserve of some 900,000 citizens with military service

note 2: women have served on a voluntary basis since 1995, and as of 2022 made up about 19% of the military's full-time personnel" }, "Military deployments": { "text": "165 Lebanon (UNIFIL) (2024)" }, "Military - note": { - "text": "the Finnish Defense Forces (FDF) are focused primarily on territorial defense, which is based on having a large, trained reserve force created by general conscription; other FDF responsibilities include support to international peacekeeping operations and some domestic security duties, such as assisting the National Police in maintaining law and order in crises

the FDF is also focused on fulfilling its commitment to NATO; following Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022, Finland reassessed its security policy situation and applied for NATO membership, gaining entry in April 2023; as a member of the Alliance, Finland is part of NATO’s collective defense and is covered by the security guarantees enshrined in Article 5 of the North Atlantic Treaty (also known as the Washington Treaty); Finland had been part of NATO’s Partnership for Peace program since 1994, and the FDF exercised with some NATO members and participated in NATO-led military missions in the Balkans, Afghanistan, and Iraq; in 2024, it joined NATO's Air Policing mission in Eastern Europe

Finland is a signatory of the EU’s Common Security and Defense Policy and actively participates in EU crisis management missions and operations; the FDF also cooperates closely with the militaries of other Nordic countries through the Nordic Defense Cooperation structure (NORDEFCO; established 2009), which consists of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden and involves cooperation in such areas as armaments, education, human resources, training and exercises, and operations; Sweden, the UK, and the US are close bi-lateral defense partners; in 2022, Finland signed a mutual security agreement with the UK, and since 2014 has been part of the UK-led Joint Expeditionary Force, a pool of high-readiness military forces from 10 Baltic and Scandinavian countries designed to respond to a wide range of contingencies in the North Atlantic, Baltic Sea, and High North regions (2025)" + "text": "the Finnish Defense Forces (FDF) are focused primarily on territorial defense, which is based on having a large, trained reserve force created by general conscription; other FDF responsibilities include support to international peacekeeping operations and some domestic security duties, such as assisting the National Police in maintaining law and order in crises

the FDF is also focused on fulfilling its commitment to NATO; following Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022, Finland applied for NATO membership, gaining entry in April 2023; Finland had been part of NATO’s Partnership for Peace program since 1994 and participated in NATO-led military missions in the Balkans, Afghanistan, and Iraq; in 2024, it joined NATO's Air Policing mission in Eastern Europe

Finland is a signatory of the EU’s Common Security and Defense Policy and actively participates in EU crisis management missions and operations; the FDF also cooperates closely with the militaries of other Nordic countries through the Nordic Defense Cooperation structure (NORDEFCO; established 2009), which consists of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden and involves cooperation in such areas as armaments, education, human resources, training and exercises, and operations; Sweden, the UK, and the US are close bi-lateral defense partners; in 2022, Finland signed a mutual security agreement with the UK, and since 2014 has been part of the UK-led Joint Expeditionary Force, a pool of high-readiness military forces from 10 Baltic and Scandinavian countries designed to respond to a wide range of contingencies in the North Atlantic, Baltic Sea, and High North regions (2025)" } }, "Terrorism": { diff --git a/europe/fo.json b/europe/fo.json index 88d6f32d..1bbf3903 100644 --- a/europe/fo.json +++ b/europe/fo.json @@ -423,7 +423,13 @@ "text": "Landsstyri appointed by the prime minister" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; high commissioner appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually elected prime minister by the Faroese Parliament; election last held on 8 December 2022 (next to be held in 2026)" + "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; high commissioner appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the Parliament usually elects the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as the prime minister" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "8 December 2022" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2026" } }, "Legislative branch": { diff --git a/europe/fr.json b/europe/fr.json index 509c6cd1..4f52d45a 100644 --- a/europe/fr.json +++ b/europe/fr.json @@ -593,10 +593,16 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president at the suggestion of the prime minister" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 10 April 2022 with a runoff held on 24 April 2022 (next to be held in April 2027); prime minister appointed by the president" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister appointed by the president" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "10 April 2022, with a runoff held on 24 April 2022" }, "election results": { "text": "
2022: Emmanuel MACRON reelected in second round; percent of vote in first round - Emmanuel MACRON (LREM) 27.8%, Marine LE PEN (RN) 23.2%, Jean-Luc MELENCHON (LFI) 22%, Eric ZEMMOUR (Reconquête) 7.1%, Valerie PECRESSE (LR) 4.8%, Yannick JADOT (EELV) 4.6%, other 10.6%; percent of vote in second round - MACRON 58.5%, LE PEN 41.5%

2017: Emmanuel MACRON elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Emmanuel MACRON (EM) 24%, Marine LE PEN (FN) 21.3%, Francois FILLON (LR) 20%, Jean-Luc MELENCHON (FI) 19.6%, Benoit HAMON (PS) 6.4%, other 8.7%; percent of vote in second round - MACRON 66.1%, LE PEN 33.9%" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "April 2027" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -736,7 +742,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "Gallic rooster, fleur-de-lis, Marianne (female personification of the country)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, white, red" }, "National anthem": { @@ -753,7 +759,7 @@ "text": "53 (45 cultural, 7 natural, 1 mixed); note - includes one site in New Caledonia and one site in French Polynesia" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "Chartres Cathedral (c); Palace and Park of Versailles (c); Prehistoric Sites and Decorated Caves of the Vézère Valley (c); Pyrénées - Mont Perdu (m); Cistercian Abbey of Fontenay (c); Paris, Banks of the Seine (c); The Loire Valley between Sully-sur-Loire and Chalonnes (c); Pont du Gard (Roman Aqueduct) (c); Amiens Cathedral (c); Palace and Park of Fontainebleau (c); Historic Fortified City of Carcassonne (c); Gulf of Porto: Calanche of Piana, Gulf of Girolata, Scandola Reserve (n)" + "text": "Chartres Cathedral (c); Palace and Park of Versailles (c); Mont-Saint-Michel and its Bay (c); Prehistoric Sites and Decorated Caves of the Vézère Valley (c); Pyrénées - Mont Perdu (m); Cistercian Abbey of Fontenay (c); Paris, Banks of the Seine (c); The Loire Valley between Sully-sur-Loire and Chalonnes (c); Pont du Gard (Roman Aqueduct) (c); Amiens Cathedral (c); Palace and Park of Fontainebleau (c); Historic Fortified City of Carcassonne (c); The Maison Carrée of Nîmes (c); Gulf of Porto: Calanche of Piana, Gulf of Girolata, Scandola Reserve (Corsica) (n)" } } }, @@ -1249,7 +1255,7 @@ "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { "text": "French Armed Forces (Forces Armées Françaises): Army (l'Armee de Terre; includes Foreign Legion), Navy (Marine Nationale), Air and Space Force (l'Armee de l’Air et de l’Espace); includes Air Defense), National Guard (Garde Nationale), National Gendarmerie (Gendarmerie Nationale) (2025)", - "note": "note: under the direction of the Ministry of the Interior, the civilian National Police and the National Gendarmerie maintain internal security; the National Gendarmerie is a paramilitary police force that is a branch of the Armed Forces and therefore part of the Ministry of Defense but under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of the Interior; it also has additional duties to the Ministry of Justice" + "note": "note 1: under the direction of the Ministry of the Interior, the civilian National Police and the National Gendarmerie maintain internal security; the National Gendarmerie is a paramilitary police force that is a branch of the Armed Forces and therefore part of the Ministry of Defense but under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of the Interior; it also has additional duties to the Ministry of Justice

note 2: the French Foreign Legion, established in 1831, is a military force that is open to foreign recruits willing to serve in the French military for service in France and abroad; the Foreign Legion is an integrated part of the French Army; its combat units are a mix of armored cavalry and airborne, light, mechanized, and motorized infantry regiments" }, "Military expenditures": { "Military Expenditures 2024": { @@ -1283,7 +1289,7 @@ "text": "France typically has up to 30,000 total air, ground, and naval forces deployed on permanent or temporary foreign missions; up to 10,000 are permanently deployed, including Djibouti (1,500); French Guyana (2,600); French Polynesia (1,000); French West Indies (1,000); Reunion Island (2,100); West Africa (1,200), and the UAE (800)

other non-permanent deployments include military missions under NATO, the EU, and the UN, as well as some unilateral operations, in such places as Europe, Africa, and the Middle East and adjacent waters (2025)" }, "Military - note": { - "text": "the French military has a global footprint and a wide range of missions and responsibilities; it operates under France’s overall defense and national security strategy, currently defined through the five major strategic functions of anticipation, prevention, deterrence, protection, and intervention; the military’s responsibilities include protecting French territory, population, and interests, and fulfilling France’s commitments to NATO, European security, and international peacekeeping operations under the UN; it is the largest military in the EU and has a leading role in the EU security framework, as well as in NATO; in recent years, it has actively participated in coalition peacekeeping and other security operations in regions such as Africa, the Middle East, and the Balkans, often in a lead role; the military regularly conducts large-scale exercises and participates in a variety of bi-lateral and multinational exercises; it also has a domestic security mission, including providing enhanced security at sensitive sites and large events and support during national crises or disasters, such as fighting forest fires; in recent years, defense responsibilities have expanded to include cyber and space domains 

in 2010, France and the UK signed a declaration on defense and security cooperation that included greater military interoperability and a Combined Joint Expeditionary Force (CJEF), a deployable, combined Anglo-French military force for use in a wide range of crisis scenarios, up to and including high intensity combat operations; the CJEF has no standing forces, but would be available at short notice for French-UK bilateral, NATO, EU, UN, or other operations; combined training exercises began in 2011, and as of 2020, the CJEF was assessed as having full operating capacity with the ability to rapidly deploy over 10,000 personnel capable of high intensity operations, peacekeeping, disaster relief, and humanitarian assistance

the French Foreign Legion, established in 1831, is a military force that is open to foreign recruits willing to serve in the French military for service in France and abroad; the Foreign Legion is an integrated part of the French Army and is comprised of approximately 8,000 personnel; its combat units are a mix of armored cavalry and airborne, light, mechanized, and motorized infantry regiments (2025)" + "text": "the French military has a global footprint and a wide range of missions and responsibilities, to include protecting French territory, population, and interests, and fulfilling France’s commitments to NATO, European security, and international peacekeeping operations under the UN; it is the largest military in the EU and has a leading role in the EU security framework, as well as in NATO; in recent years, it has actively participated in coalition peacekeeping and other security operations in regions such as Africa, the Middle East, and the Balkans, often in a lead role; the military regularly conducts large-scale exercises and participates in a variety of bi-lateral and multinational exercises; it also has a domestic security mission, including providing enhanced security at sensitive sites and large events and support during national crises or disasters, such as fighting forest fires; in recent years, defense responsibilities have expanded to include cyber and space domains 

in 2010, France and the UK signed a declaration on defense and security cooperation that included greater military interoperability and a Combined Joint Expeditionary Force (CJEF), a deployable, combined Anglo-French military force for use in a wide range of crisis scenarios, including high intensity operations, peacekeeping, disaster relief, and humanitarian assistance; the CJEF has no standing forces, but would be available at short notice for French-UK bilateral, NATO, EU, UN, or other operations (2025)" } }, "Space": { diff --git a/europe/gi.json b/europe/gi.json index a6a5bfa7..02cff053 100644 --- a/europe/gi.json +++ b/europe/gi.json @@ -378,10 +378,10 @@ "text": "Chief Minister Fabian PICARDO (since 9 December 2011)" }, "cabinet": { - "text": "Council of Ministers appointed from among the 17 elected members of Parliament by the governor in consultation with the chief minister" + "text": "Council of Ministers appointed from among the 17 elected members of Parliament by the governor, in consultation with the chief minister" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed chief minister by the governor" + "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the governor usually appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as chief minister" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -454,9 +454,12 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "Barbary partridge" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white, yellow" }, + "National coat of arms": { + "text": "

King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain granted this coat of arms to Gibraltar in 1502; the castle in the center of the shield represents Gibraltar as a fortress, and the gold key represents its strategic position as the gateway to the Mediterranean; below the shield is the national motto, Montis Insignia Calpe (“Badge of the Rock of Gibraltar”); the coat of arms uses the national colors of red, white, and yellow

" + }, "National anthem": { "name": { "text": "\"Gibraltar Anthem\"" diff --git a/europe/gk.json b/europe/gk.json index eed5d022..dab157ef 100644 --- a/europe/gk.json +++ b/europe/gk.json @@ -391,11 +391,17 @@ "text": "none" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; lieutenant governor and bailiff appointed by the monarch; chief minister, who is the president of the Policy and Resources Committee indirectly elected by the States of Deliberation for a 4-year term; last held on 7 October 2020 (next to be held in 2024)" + "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; lieutenant governor and bailiff appointed by the monarch; chief minister, who is the president of the Policy and Resources Committee, indirectly elected by the States of Deliberation for a 4-year term" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "7 October 2020" }, "election results": { "text": "
2020: Peter FERBRACHE (independent) elected president of the Policy and Resources Committee and chief minister: percent of States of Guernsey vote - 57.5%

2016: Gavin ST. PIER (independent) elected president of the Policy and Resources Committee and chief minister" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2024" + }, "note": "note: the chief minister is the president of the Policy and Resources Committee and is the de facto head of government; the Policy and Resources Committee, elected by the States of Deliberation, functions as the executive; the 5 members all have equal voting rights" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -469,7 +475,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "Guernsey cow, donkey" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white, yellow" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/europe/gm.json b/europe/gm.json index 5ff4979d..4c350f94 100644 --- a/europe/gm.json +++ b/europe/gm.json @@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ "text": "Atlantic Ocean drainage: Rhine-Maas (198,735 sq km), (Black Sea) Danube (795,656 sq km)" }, "Population distribution": { - "text": "second most populous country in Europe; a fairly even distribution throughout most of the country, with urban areas attracting larger and denser populations, particularly in the far western part of the industrial state of North Rhine-Westphalia" + "text": "second most populous country in Europe; a fairly even distribution throughout most of the country, with urban areas attracting larger and denser populations, particularly in the far-western part of the industrial state of North Rhine-Westphalia" }, "Natural hazards": { "text": "flooding" @@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ "text": "1.8 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2024 est.)" }, "Population distribution": { - "text": "second most populous country in Europe; a fairly even distribution throughout most of the country, with urban areas attracting larger and denser populations, particularly in the far western part of the industrial state of North Rhine-Westphalia" + "text": "second most populous country in Europe; a fairly even distribution throughout most of the country, with urban areas attracting larger and denser populations, particularly in the far-western part of the industrial state of North Rhine-Westphalia" }, "Urbanization": { "urban population": { @@ -580,10 +580,16 @@ "text": "Cabinet or Bundesminister (Federal Ministers) recommended by the chancellor, appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president indirectly elected by a Federal Convention consisting of all members of the Federal Parliament (Bundestag) and an equivalent number of delegates indirectly elected by the state parliaments; president serves a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 13 February 2022 (next to be held in February 2027); following the most recent Federal Parliament election, the party or coalition with the most representatives usually elects the chancellor who is appointed by the president to serve a renewable 4-year term; Federal Parliament vote for chancellor last held on 6 May 2025" + "text": "president indirectly elected by a Federal Convention consisting of all members of the Federal Parliament (Bundestag) and an equivalent number of delegates indirectly elected by the state parliaments; president serves a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); following the most recent Federal Parliament election, the party or coalition with the most representatives usually elects the chancellor, who is appointed by the president to serve a renewable 4-year term" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "president: 13 February 2022

chancellor: 6 May 2025" }, "election results": { "text": "
2025: Friedrich MERZ (CDU) elected chancellor in second round; Federal Parliament vote - 325 to 289

2022: Frank-Walter STEINMEIER reelected president; Federal Convention vote count - Frank-Walter STEINMEIER (SPD) 1,045, Max OTTE (CDU) 140, Gerhard TRABERT (The Left) 96, Stefanie GEBAUER (Free Voters) 58, abstentions 86" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "president: February 2027" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -705,7 +711,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "eagle" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "black, red, yellow" }, "National anthem": { @@ -722,7 +728,7 @@ "text": "54 (52 cultural, 2 natural)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "

Museumsinsel (Museum Island), Berlin (c); Palaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin (c); Speyer Cathedral (c); Upper Middle Rhine Valley (c); Aachen Cathedral (c); Bauhaus and its Sites in Weimar, Dessau, and Bernau (c); Caves and Ice Age Art in the Swabian Jura (c); Mines of Rammelsberg, Historic Town of Goslar, and Upper Harz Water Management System (c); Roman Monuments, Cathedral of St. Peter, and Church of Our Lady in Trier (c); Hanseatic City of Lübeck (c); Old Town of Regensburg with Stadtamhof (c); Messel Pit Fossil Site (n); Würzburg Residence with the Court Gardens and Residence Square (c); Pilgrimage Church of Wies (c);Castles of Augustusburg and Falkenlust at Brühl (c); St Mary's Cathedral and St Michael's Church at Hildesheim (c); Frontiers of the Roman Empire (c); Abbey and Altenmünster of Lorsch (c); Maulbronn Monastery Complex (c); Town of Bamberg (c); Collegiate Church, Castle and Old Town of Quedlinburg (c); Völklingen Ironworks (c); Cologne Cathedral (c); Luther Memorials in Eisleben and Wittenberg (c); Classical Weimar (c); Wartburg Castle (c); Garden Kingdom of Dessau-Wörlitz (c); Monastic Island of Reichenau (c); Zollverein Coal Mine Industrial Complex in Essen (c); Historic Centres of Stralsund and Wismar (c); Muskauer Park / Park Mużakowski (c); Town Hall and Roland on the Marketplace of Bremen (c); Old town of Regensburg with Stadtamhof (c); Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe (n); Berlin Modernism Housing Estates (c); Wadden Sea (n); Fagus Factory in Alfeld (c); Prehistoric Pile Dwellings around the Alps (c); Margravial Opera House Bayreuth (c); Bergpark Wilhelmshöhe (c); Carolingian Westwork and Civitas Corvey (c); Moravian Church Settlements (c); Speicherstadt and Kontorhaus District with Chilehaus (c); The Architectural Work of Le Corbusier, an Outstanding Contribution to the Modern Movement (c); Archaeological Border complex of Hedeby and the Danevirke (c); Naumburg Cathedral (c); Erzgebirge/Krušnohoří Mining Region (c); Water Management System of Augsburg (c); Frontiers of the Roman Empire – The Danube Limes (Western Segment) (c); Frontiers of the Roman Empire – The Lower German Limes (c); Mathildenhöhe Darmstadt (c); ShUM Sites of Speyer, Worms and Mainz (c); The Great Spa Towns of Europe (c); Jewish-Medieval Heritage of Erfurt (c); Schwerin Residence Ensemble (c)

" + "text": "

Museumsinsel (Museum Island), Berlin (c); Palaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin (c); Speyer Cathedral (c); Aachen Cathedral (c); Bauhaus and its Sites in Weimar, Dessau, and Bernau (c); Caves and Ice Age Art in the Swabian Jura (c); Roman Monuments, Cathedral of St. Peter, and Church of Our Lady in Trier (c); Hanseatic City of Lübeck (c); Old Town of Regensburg with Stadtamhof (c); Würzburg Residence with the Court Gardens and Residence Square (c); Pilgrimage Church of Wies (c); Castles of Augustusburg and Falkenlust at Brühl (c); St Mary's Cathedral and St Michael's Church at Hildesheim (c); Abbey and Altenmünster of Lorsch (c); Maulbronn Monastery Complex (c); Collegiate Church, Castle and Old Town of Quedlinburg (c); Cologne Cathedral (c); Castle Church in Wittenberg (c); Classical Weimar (c); Wartburg Castle (c); Garden Kingdom of Dessau-Wörlitz (c); Monastic Island of Reichenau (c); Berlin Modernism Housing Estates (c); Prehistoric Pile Dwellings around the Alps (c); Moravian Church Settlements (c); Speicherstadt and Kontorhaus District with Chilehaus (c); The Architectural Work of Le Corbusier, an Outstanding Contribution to the Modern Movement (c); Archaeological Border complex of Hedeby and the Danevirke (c); Naumburg Cathedral (c); Mathildenhöhe Darmstadt (c); ShUM Sites of Speyer, Worms and Mainz (c); The Great Spa Towns of Europe (c); Jewish-Medieval Heritage of Erfurt (c); Schwerin Residence Ensemble (c)

" } } }, @@ -1232,7 +1238,7 @@ "note": "note: the German military has over 2,000 ground forces, plus air and naval contingents deployed on some 18 foreign missions" }, "Military - note": { - "text": "the Bundeswehr’s core mission is the defense of Germany and its NATO partners; it has a wide range of peacetime duties, including crisis management, cyber security, deterrence, homeland security, humanitarian and disaster relief, and international peacekeeping and stability operations; as a key member of NATO and the EU, the Bundeswehr typically operates in a coalition environment, and its capabilities are largely based on NATO and EU planning goals and needs; it has participated in a range of NATO and EU missions in Europe, Africa, and Asia, as well as global maritime operations; the Bundeswehr has close bilateral defense ties with a number of EU countries, including the Czechia, France, the Netherlands, and Romania, as well as the UK and the US; it also contributes forces to UN peacekeeping missions

the Bundeswehr was established in 1955; at the height of the Cold War in the 1980s, it had nearly 600,000 personnel, over 7,000 tanks, and 1,000 combat aircraft; in addition, over 400,000 soldiers from other NATO countries—including about 200,000 US military personnel—were stationed in West Germany; in the years following the collapse of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War, the Bundeswehr shrank by more than 60% in size (over 90% in tanks and about 80% in aircraft), while funding fell from nearly 3% of GDP and over 4% of government spending in the mid-1980s to 1.2% and 1.6% respectively; by the 2010s, the Bundeswehr’s ability to fulfill its regional security commitments had deteriorated; the Russian annexation of Crimea in 2014 and full-scale assault on Ukraine in 2022 led to renewed emphasis on Germany’s leadership role in European defense and NATO and efforts to boost funding for the Bundeswehr to improve readiness, modernize, and expand (2024)" + "text": "the Bundeswehr’s core mission is the defense of Germany and its NATO partners; it has a wide range of peacetime duties, including crisis management, cyber security, deterrence, homeland security, humanitarian and disaster relief, and international peacekeeping and stability operations; as a key member of NATO and the EU, the Bundeswehr typically operates in a coalition environment, and its capabilities are largely based on NATO and EU planning goals and needs; it has participated in a range of NATO and EU missions in Europe, Africa, and Asia, as well as global maritime operations; the Bundeswehr has close bilateral defense ties with a number of EU countries, including the Czechia, France, the Netherlands, and Romania, as well as the UK and the US; it also contributes forces to UN peacekeeping missions

the Bundeswehr was established in 1955; at the height of the Cold War in the 1980s, it had nearly 600,000 personnel, over 7,000 tanks, and 1,000 combat aircraft; in addition, over 400,000 soldiers from other NATO countries—including about 200,000 US military personnel—were stationed in West Germany; in the years following the collapse of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War, the Bundeswehr shrank by more than 60% in size (over 90% in tanks and about 80% in aircraft), while funding fell from nearly 3% of GDP and over 4% of government spending in the mid-1980s to 1.2% and 1.6% respectively; by the 2010s, the Bundeswehr’s ability to fulfill its regional security commitments had deteriorated; the Russian annexation of Crimea in 2014 and full-scale assault on Ukraine in 2022 led to renewed emphasis on Germany’s leadership role in European defense and NATO and efforts to boost funding for the Bundeswehr to improve readiness, modernize, and expand (2025)" } }, "Space": { diff --git a/europe/gr.json b/europe/gr.json index c604bba8..4751f67d 100644 --- a/europe/gr.json +++ b/europe/gr.json @@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ "text": "12,191 sq km (2021)" }, "Population distribution": { - "text": "one-third of the population lives in and around metropolitan Athens; the remainder of the country has moderate population density mixed with sizeable urban clusters" + "text": "one third of the population lives in and around metropolitan Athens; the remainder of the country has moderate population density mixed with sizeable urban clusters" }, "Natural hazards": { "text": "

severe earthquakes

volcanism: Santorini (367 m) has been deemed a Decade Volcano by the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior, worthy of study due to its explosive history and close proximity to human populations; although there have been very few eruptions in recent centuries, Methana and Nisyros in the Aegean are classified as historically active

" @@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ "text": "1.1 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2024 est.)" }, "Population distribution": { - "text": "one-third of the population lives in and around metropolitan Athens; the remainder of the country has moderate population density mixed with sizeable urban clusters" + "text": "one third of the population lives in and around metropolitan Athens; the remainder of the country has moderate population density mixed with sizeable urban clusters" }, "Urbanization": { "urban population": { @@ -545,10 +545,16 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president elected by Hellenic Parliament for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 12 February 2025 (next to be held in 2030); president appoints as prime minister the leader of the majority party or coalition in the Hellenic Parliament" + "text": "president elected by Hellenic Parliament for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); president appoints as prime minister the leader of the majority party or coalition in the Hellenic Parliament" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "12 February 2025" }, "election results": { "text": "2025: Konstantinos TASOULAS (ND) elected president by Parliament - 160 of 300 votes

2020: Katerina SAKELLAROPOULOU (independent) elected president by Parliament - 261 of 300 votes
" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2030" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -661,7 +667,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "Greek cross (white cross on a blue field)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, white" }, "National anthem": { @@ -678,7 +684,7 @@ "text": "19 (17 cultural, 2 mixed)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "Acropolis, Athens (c); Archaeological site of Delphi (c); Meteora (m); Medieval City of Rhodes (c); Archaeological site of Olympia (c); Archaeological site of Mycenae and Tiryns (c); Old Town of Corfu (c); Mount Athos (m); Delos (c); Archaeological Site of Philippi (c)" + "text": "Acropolis, Athens (c); Archaeological site of Delphi (c); Meteora (m); Medieval City of Rhodes (c); Archaeological site of Olympia (c); Archaeological site of Mycenae and Tiryns (c); Old Town of Corfu (c); Mount Athos (m); Delos (c); Archaeological Site of Philippi (c)" } } }, diff --git a/europe/hr.json b/europe/hr.json index 4257a27a..d39e379a 100644 --- a/europe/hr.json +++ b/europe/hr.json @@ -556,10 +556,16 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers named by the prime minister and approved by the Assembly" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held in December 2024 (first round) and January 2025 (second round); the leader of the majority party or majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the president and approved by the Assembly" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); the leader of the majority party or majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the president and approved by the Assembly" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "December 2024 (first round) and January 2025 (second round)" }, "election results": { "text": "
2025: Zoran MILANOVIC elected president in second round; percent of vote in second round - Zoran MILANOVIC (SDP) 74.6%, Dragan PRIMORAC (independent) 25.3%

2019: Zoran MILANOVIC elected president in second round; percent of vote in second round - Zoran MILANOVIC (SDP) 52.7%, Kolinda GRABAR-KITAROVIC (HDZ) 47.3%" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2029" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -670,7 +676,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "red-and-white checkerboard" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white, blue" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/europe/hu.json b/europe/hu.json index e263de0d..2ed500ac 100644 --- a/europe/hu.json +++ b/europe/hu.json @@ -559,10 +559,16 @@ "text": "Cabinet of Ministers proposed by the prime minister and appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president indirectly elected by the National Assembly with two-thirds majority vote in first round or simple majority vote in second round for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 26 February 2024 (next to be held in spring 2029); prime minister elected by the National Assembly on the recommendation of the president; election last held on 3 April 2022 (next to be held in April or May 2027)" + "text": "president indirectly elected by the National Assembly with two-thirds majority vote in first round or simple majority vote in second round for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister elected by the National Assembly on the recommendation of the president" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "president: 26 February 2024

prime minister: 3 April 2022" }, "election results": { "text": "
2024: Tamas SULYOK elected president; National Assembly vote - 134 to 5

2022: Katalin NOVAK (Fidesz) elected president; National Assembly vote - 137 to 51" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "president: spring 2029

prime minister: April or May 2027" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -672,7 +678,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "Holy Crown of Hungary (Crown of Saint Stephen)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white, green" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/europe/ic.json b/europe/ic.json index 487e5dbb..53ba1fda 100644 --- a/europe/ic.json +++ b/europe/ic.json @@ -533,10 +533,16 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president upon the recommendation of the prime minister" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 4-year term (no term limits); election last held on 1 June 2024 (next to be held in June 2028); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition becomes prime minister" + "text": "president directly elected by simple-majority popular vote for a 4-year term (no term limits); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition becomes prime minister" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "1 June 2024" }, "election results": { "text": "
2024: Halla TOMASDOTTIR elected president; percent of vote - Halla TOMASDOTTIR (independent) 34.1%, Katrin JAKOBSDOTTIR (Left-Green Movement) 25.2%, Halla Hrund LOGADOTTIR (independent) 15.7%, Jon GNARR (Social Democratic Alliance) 10.1%, Baldur PORHALLSSON (independent) 8.4%, other 6.5%

2020: Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON reelected president; percent of vote - Gudni Thorlacius JOHANNESSON (independent) 92.2%, Gudmundur Franklin JONSSON (independent) 7.8%" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "June 2028" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -637,7 +643,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "gyrfalcon" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, white, red" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/europe/im.json b/europe/im.json index 425d9728..593d2c7a 100644 --- a/europe/im.json +++ b/europe/im.json @@ -405,10 +405,16 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the lieutenant governor" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; lieutenant governor appointed by the monarch; chief minister indirectly elected by the Tynwald for a 5-year term (eligible for second term); election last held on 23 September 2021 (next to be held in 2026)" + "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; lieutenant governor appointed by the monarch; chief minister indirectly elected by the Tynwald for a 5-year term (eligible for second term)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "23 September 2021" }, "election results": { "text": "
2021: Alfred CANNAN (independent) elected chief minister; Tynwald House of Keys vote - 21 of 24

2016: Howard QUAYLE elected chief minister; Tynwald House of Keys vote - 21 of 33" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2026" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -511,9 +517,12 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "triskelion (a motif of three legs)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white" }, + "National coat of arms": { + "text": "

Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom granted the Isle of Man’s coat of arms on July 12, 1996; the triskelion (three conjoined legs) on the shield represents resilience, resourcefulness, and hope; the Latin motto means “Wherever you throw it, it will stand,” a reference to the islanders’ ability to stand strong; the peregrine falcon represents the two falcons that the Isle of Man has paid to the UK monarch on Coronation Day since 1406, and the raven symbolizes the island’s former status as a Viking colony; the crown represents the UK monarch’s status as the Lord of Mann, although the island is self-governing

" + }, "National anthem": { "name": { "text": "\"Arrane Ashoonagh dy Vannin\" (O Land of Our Birth)" diff --git a/europe/it.json b/europe/it.json index 36c273e6..8b935b77 100644 --- a/europe/it.json +++ b/europe/it.json @@ -548,10 +548,16 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers proposed by the prime minister, who is known officially as the President of the Council of Ministers and locally as the premier; nominated by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president indirectly elected by an electoral college consisting of both houses of Parliament and 58 regional representatives for a 7-year term (no term limits); election last held on 24-29 January 2022 (eight rounds) (next to be held in 2029); prime minister appointed by the president, confirmed by parliament" + "text": "president indirectly elected by an electoral college consisting of both houses of Parliament and 58 regional representatives for a 7-year term (no term limits); prime minister appointed by the president, confirmed by parliament" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "24-29 January 2022 (eight rounds)" }, "election results": { "text": "
2022: Sergio MATTARELLA (independent) reelected president; electoral college vote count in eighth round - 759 out of 1,009 (505 vote threshold)

2015: Sergio MATTARELLA (independent) elected president; electoral college vote count in fourth round - 665 out of 995 (505 vote threshold)

 

" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2029" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -636,7 +642,7 @@ }, "Diplomatic representation in the US": { "chief of mission": { - "text": "Ambassador Mariangela ZAPPIA (since 15 September 2021)" + "text": "Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d’Affaires Alessandro GONZALES (since June 2025)" }, "chancery": { "text": "3000 Whitehaven Street NW, Washington, DC 20008" @@ -697,7 +703,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "five-pointed white star (Stella d'Italia)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white, green" }, "National anthem": { @@ -714,7 +720,7 @@ "text": "60 (54 cultural, 6 natural)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "

Historic Center of Rome (c); Archaeological Areas of Pompeii, Herculaneum, and Torre Annunziata (c); Venice and its Lagoon (c); Historic Center of Florence (c); Piazza del Duomo, Pisa (c); Historic Centre of Naples (c); Portovenere, Cinque Terre, and the Islands  (Palmaria, Tino and Tinetto)(c); Villa d'Este, Tivoli (c); Mount Etna (n); Rock Drawings in Valcamonica (c); Historic Siena (c);Rock Drawings in Valcamonica(c); Church and Dominican Convent of Santa Maria delle Grazie with “The Last Supper” by Leonardo da Vinci (c);Historic Centre of San Gimignano (c); The Sassi and the Park of the Rupestrian Churches of Matera (c); City of Vicenza and the Palladian Villas of the Veneto (c); Crespi d'Adda (c); Ferrara, City of the Renaissance, and its Po Delta 15 (c); Castel del Monte (c); Early Christian Monuments of Ravenna (c); Historic Centre of the City of Pienza (c);The Trulli of Alberobello (c); 18th-Century Royal Palace at Caserta with the Park, the Aqueduct of Vanvitelli, and the San Leucio Complex (c); Archaeological Area of Agrigento (c); Botanical Garden (Orto Botanico), Padua (c); Cathedral, Torre Civica and Piazza Grande, Modena (c); Costiera Amalfitana (c); Residences of the Royal House of Savoy (c); Su Nuraxi di Barumini (c); Villa Romana del Casale (c); Archaeological Area and the Patriarchal Basilica of Aquileia (c); Cilento and Vallo di Diano National Park with the Archeological Sites of Paestum   and Velia, and the Certosa di Padula (c); Historic Centre of Urbino (c); Villa Adriana (Tivoli) (c); Assisi, the Basilica of San Francesco and Other Franciscan Sites (c); City of Verona (c); Isole Eolie (Aeolian Islands) (n); Late Baroque Towns of the Val di Noto (South-Eastern Sicily) (c); Sacri Monti of Piedmont and Lombardy (c); Monte San Giorgio (n); Etruscan Necropolises of Cerveteri and Tarquinia (c); Val d'Orcia (c); Syracuse and the Rocky Necropolis of Pantalica (c); Genoa: Le Strade Nuove and the system of the Palazzi dei Rolli (c); Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe (n); Mantua and Sabbioneta (c); Rhaetian Railway in the Albula / Bernina Landscapes (c);The Dolomites (n); Longobards in Italy. Places of the Power (568-774 A.D.) (c); Prehistoric Pile Dwellings around the Alps (c); Medici Villas and Gardens in Tuscany (c); Vineyard Landscape of Piedmont: Langhe-Roero and Monferrato (c); Arab-Norman Palermo and the Cathedral Churches of Cefalú and Monreale  (c); Venetian Works of Defence between the 16th and 17th Centuries: Stato da Terra – Western Stato da Mar (c); Ivrea, industrial city of the 20th century (c); Le Colline del Prosecco di Conegliano e Valdobbiadene (c);Padua’s fourteenth-century fresco cycles (c); The Great Spa Towns of Europe (c); The Porticoes of Bologna (c); Evaporitic Karst and Caves of Northern Apennines (n); Via Appia. Regina Viarum (c)

" + "text": "

Historic Center of Rome (c); Archaeological Areas of Pompeii, Herculaneum, and Torre Annunziata (c); Venice and its Lagoon (c); Historic Center of Florence (c); Piazza del Duomo, Pisa (c); Historic Centre of Naples (c); Portovenere, Cinque Terre, and the Islands (Palmaria, Tino and Tinetto)(c); Mount Etna (n); Cultural landscape of the Benedictine settlements in medieval Italy (c); Church and Dominican Convent of Santa Maria delle Grazie with “The Last Supper” by Leonardo da Vinci (c); City of Vicenza and the Palladian Villas of the Veneto (c); Crespi d'Adda (c); Early Christian Monuments of Ravenna (c); Historic Centre of the City of Pienza (c); Cathedral, Torre Civica and Piazza Grande, Modena (c); Costiera Amalfitana (c); Villa Romana del Casale (c); Archaeological Area and the Patriarchal Basilica of Aquileia (c); Cilento and Vallo di Diano National Park with the Archeological Sites of Paestum and Velia, and the Certosa di Padula (c); Historic Centre of Urbino (c); Villa Adriana (Tivoli) (c); Assisi, the Basilica of San Francesco and Other Franciscan Sites (c); City of Verona (c); Isole Eolie (Aeolian Islands) (n); Etruscan Necropolises of Cerveteri and Tarquinia (c); Val d'Orcia (c); Mantua and Sabbioneta (c); The Dolomites (n); Prehistoric Pile Dwellings around the Alps (c); Medici Villas and Gardens in Tuscany (c); Venetian Works of Defence between the 16th and 17th Centuries: Stato da Terra – Western Stato da Mar (c); Padua’s fourteenth-century fresco cycles (c); The Porticoes of Bologna (c); Evaporitic Karst and Caves of Northern Apennines (n); Via Appia: Regina Viarum (c)

" } } }, diff --git a/europe/je.json b/europe/je.json index d7957040..73b6aa5e 100644 --- a/europe/je.json +++ b/europe/je.json @@ -462,7 +462,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "Jersey cow" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/europe/kv.json b/europe/kv.json index fcd30ffa..a71a4080 100644 --- a/europe/kv.json +++ b/europe/kv.json @@ -406,11 +406,17 @@ "text": "Cabinet elected by the Assembly" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president indirectly elected by at least two-thirds majority vote of the Assembly for a 5-year term; if a candidate does not attain a two-thirds threshold in the first two ballots, the candidate winning a simple majority vote in the third ballot is elected (eligible for a second term); election last held on 3 to 4 April 2021 (next to be held in 2026); prime minister indirectly elected by the Assembly" + "text": "president indirectly elected for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term) by at least two-thirds majority vote of the Assembly; if a candidate does not reach this threshold in the first two ballots, the candidate winning a simple majority vote in the third ballot is elected; prime minister indirectly elected by the Assembly" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "3-4 April 2021" }, "election results": { "text": "
2021:  Vjosa OSMANI-Sadriu elected president in third ballot; Assembly vote - Vjosa OSMANI-Sadriu (Guxo!) 71 votes; Albin KURTI (LVV) elected prime minister; Assembly vote - 67 for, 30 against

2017: Ramush HARADINAJ (AAK) elected prime minister; Assembly vote - 61 for, 1 abstention, 0 against (opposition boycott)

2016: Hashim THACI elected president in third ballot; Assembly vote - Hashim THACI (PDK) 71 votes" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2026" + }, "note": "note: Prime Minister Albin KURTI resigned on 15 April 2025; a replacement has not yet been selected" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -520,7 +526,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "six five-pointed white stars" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, gold, white" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/europe/lg.json b/europe/lg.json index 43a566cf..a6652f81 100644 --- a/europe/lg.json +++ b/europe/lg.json @@ -540,10 +540,16 @@ "text": "Cabinet of Ministers nominated by the prime minister, appointed by Parliament" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president indirectly elected by Parliament for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 31 May 2023 (next to be held in 2027); prime minister appointed by the president, confirmed by Parliament" + "text": "president indirectly elected by Parliament for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister appointed by the president, confirmed by Parliament" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "31 May 2023" }, "election results": { "text": "
2023: Edgars RINKEVICS elected president in the third round; Parliament vote - Edgars RINKEVICS (Unity Party) 52, Uldis Pīlēns (independent) 25; Evika SILINA confirmed as prime minister 53-39

2019: Egils LEVITS elected president; Parliament vote - Egils LEVITS (independent) 61, Didzis SMITS (KPV LV) 24, Juris JANSONS (independent) 8; Krisjanis KARINS confirmed as prime minister 61-39" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2027" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -644,7 +650,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "white wagtail (bird)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "maroon, white" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/europe/lh.json b/europe/lh.json index bfb33934..89161b88 100644 --- a/europe/lh.json +++ b/europe/lh.json @@ -553,10 +553,16 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers nominated by the prime minister, appointed by the president, approved by Parliament" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 26 May 2024 (next election to be held in 2029); prime minister appointed by the president, approved by Parliament" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister appointed by the president, approved by Parliament" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "26 May 2024" }, "election results": { "text": "
2024: Gitanas NAUSEDA elected president in second round; percent of vote -Gitanas NAUSEDA (independent) 75.6%, Ingrida SIMONYTE (TS-LKD) 24.4%

2019: Gitanas NAUSEDA elected president in second round; percent of vote - Gitanas NAUSEDA (independent) 66.7%, Ingrida SIMONYTE (independent) 33.3%" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2029" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -660,7 +666,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "mounted knight known as Vytis (the Chaser), white stork" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "yellow, green, red" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/europe/lo.json b/europe/lo.json index 4102ffd6..152640c7 100644 --- a/europe/lo.json +++ b/europe/lo.json @@ -548,10 +548,16 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election first round held on 23 March 2024 with a runoff on 6 April 2024 (next to be held in 2029); following National Council elections (every 4 years), the president designates a prime minister candidate, usually the leader of the party or coalition that wins the most votes, who must win a vote of confidence in the National Council" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); following National Council elections, the president designates a prime minister candidate, usually the leader of the party or coalition that wins the most votes, who must win a vote of confidence in the National Council" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "23 March 2024, with a runoff on 6 April 2024" }, "election results": { "text": "
2024: Peter PELLEGRINI elected president in the second round; percent of vote in second round Peter PELLEGRINI 53.1%; Ivan KORCOK 46.9%; percent of vote in first round - Ivan KORCOK (independent) 42.5%; Peter PELLEGRINI (Hlas-SD) 37%; Stefan HARABIN (independent) 11.7%, other 8.8%; 

2019: Zuzana CAPUTOVA elected president in second round; percent of vote - Zuzana CAPUTOVA (PS) 58.4%, Maros SEFCOVIC (independent) 41.6%" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2029" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -659,7 +665,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "double-barred cross (Cross of St. Cyril and St. Methodius) over three peaks" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "white, blue, red" }, "National anthem": { @@ -676,7 +682,7 @@ "text": "8 (6 cultural, 2 natural)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "Historic Town of Banská Štiavnica (c); Levoča, Spišský Hrad, and the Associated Cultural Monuments (c); Vlkolínec (c); Caves of Aggtelek Karst and Slovak Karst (n); Bardejov Town (c); Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians (n); Wooden Churches of the Slovak Carpathians (c); Frontiers of the Roman Empire - The Danube Limes (Western Segment) (c)" + "text": "Historic Town of Banská Štiavnica (c); Levoča, Spišský Hrad, and the Associated Cultural Monuments (c); Vlkolínec (c); Caves of Aggtelek Karst and Slovak Karst (n); Bardejov Town (c); Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians (n); Wooden Churches of the Slovak Carpathians (c); Frontiers of the Roman Empire - The Danube Limes (Western Segment) (c)" } } }, diff --git a/europe/ls.json b/europe/ls.json index 6499ed98..d0932fcd 100644 --- a/europe/ls.json +++ b/europe/ls.json @@ -472,7 +472,7 @@ "text": "Cabinet elected by the Parliament, confirmed by the monarch" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party in Parliament usually appointed the head of government by the monarch, and the leader of the largest minority party in Parliament usually appointed the deputy head of government by the monarch if there is a coalition government" + "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; following legislative elections, the monarch usually appoints the leader of the majority party in Parliament as the head of government, and also appoints the leader of the largest minority party in Parliament as the deputy head of government if there is a coalition government" }, "note": "note: the prince's successor is his son, Heir Apparent and Regent of Liechtenstein Prince ALOIS; on 15 August 2004, HANS-ADAM II transferred the official duties of the ruling prince to ALOIS, but Prince HANS-ADAM II retains the status of chief of state" }, @@ -559,7 +559,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "princely hat (crown)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, red" }, "National coat of arms": { diff --git a/europe/lu.json b/europe/lu.json index f21ad881..64005d59 100644 --- a/europe/lu.json +++ b/europe/lu.json @@ -537,7 +537,7 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers recommended by the prime minister, appointed by the monarch" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; following elections to the Chamber of Deputies, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the monarch; deputy prime minister appointed by the monarch; prime minister and deputy prime minister are responsible to the Chamber of Deputies" + "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; following elections to the Chamber of Deputies, monarch usually appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as prime minister; deputy prime minister also appointed by the monarch; prime minister and deputy prime minister are responsible to the Chamber of Deputies" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -642,7 +642,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "red rampant lion" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white, light blue" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/europe/md.json b/europe/md.json index 7f155f12..055f9856 100644 --- a/europe/md.json +++ b/europe/md.json @@ -544,10 +544,16 @@ "text": "Cabinet proposed by the prime minister-designate, nominated by the president, approved through a vote of confidence in Parliament" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 3 November 2024 (next to be held in 2028); prime minister designated by the president on consultation with Parliament; within 15 days from designation, the prime minister-designate must request a vote of confidence for his/her proposed work program from the Parliament" + "text": "president directly elected for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister designated by the president in consultation with Parliament; within 15 days from designation, the prime minister-designate must request a vote of confidence for his/her proposed work program from the Parliament" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "3 November 2024" }, "election results": { "text": "
2024: In the second round of presidential elections, incumbent Maia SANDU (PAS) wins 55.4% of the vote, Alexandr STOIANOGLO (PSRM) 44.6; turnout is 54.3%

2020: Maia SANDU elected president in second round; percent of vote in second round - Maia SANDU (PAS) 57.7%, Igor DODON (PSRM) 42.3%

2016: Igor DODON elected president in second round; percent of vote - Igor DODON (PSRM) 52.1%, Maia SANDU (PAS) 47.9%" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2028" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -651,7 +657,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "aurochs (type of wild cattle)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, yellow, red" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/europe/mj.json b/europe/mj.json index acdb98d5..fea713fb 100644 --- a/europe/mj.json +++ b/europe/mj.json @@ -555,10 +555,16 @@ "text": "ministers serve as the cabinet" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 19 March 2023 with a runoff on 2 April 2023 (next to be held in 2028); prime minister nominated by the president, approved by the Assembly" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister nominated by the president, approved by the Assembly" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "19 March 2023, with a runoff on 2 April 2023" }, "election results": { "text": "
2023: Jakov MILATOVIC elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Milo DUKANOVIC (DPS) 35.4%, Jakov MILATOVIC (Europe Now!) 28.9%, Andrija MANDIC (DF) 19.3%, Aleksa BECIC (DCG) 11.1%, other 5.3%; percent of vote in second round - Jakov MILATOVIC 58.9%, Milo DUKANOVIC 41.1%

2018: Milo DJUKANOVIC elected president in first round; percent of vote - Milo DJUKANOVIC (DPS) 53.9%, Mladen BOJANIC (independent) 33.4%, Draginja VUKSANOVIC (SDP) 8.2%, Marko MILACIC (PRAVA) 2.8%, other 1.7%" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2028" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -663,7 +669,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "double-headed eagle" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, gold" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/europe/mk.json b/europe/mk.json index f38d7692..690995af 100644 --- a/europe/mk.json +++ b/europe/mk.json @@ -530,10 +530,16 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers elected by the Assembly by simple majority vote" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected using a modified 2-round system; a candidate can only be elected in the first round with an absolute majority from all registered voters; in the second round, voter turnout must be at least 40% for the result to be deemed valid; president elected for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 24 April and 8 May 2024 (next to be held in 2029); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition is usually elected prime minister by the Assembly" + "text": "president directly elected using a modified 2-round system; a candidate can only be elected in the first round with an absolute majority from all registered voters; in the second round, voter turnout must be at least 40% for the result to be valid; president elected for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); following legislative elections, the Assembly usually elects the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as prime minister" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "24 April and 8 May 2024" }, "election results": { "text": "
2024: Hristijan MICKOSKI elected prime minister; Assembly vote - 77 for, 22 against

2024: Gordana SILJANOVSKA-DAVKOVA elected president in the second round; percent of vote - Gordana SILJANOVSKA-DAVKOVA (VMRO-DPMNE) 69%, Stevo PENDAROVSKI (SDSM) 31%

2024: Talat XHAFERI elected caretaker prime minister; Assembly vote - 65 for (opposition boycott)

2022: Dimitar KOVACEVSKI elected prime minister; Assembly vote - NA
" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2029" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -638,7 +644,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "eight-rayed sun" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, yellow" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/europe/mn.json b/europe/mn.json index 32174c7a..9d1e78e0 100644 --- a/europe/mn.json +++ b/europe/mn.json @@ -558,7 +558,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "red and white lozenges (diamond shapes)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/europe/mt.json b/europe/mt.json index b05ffb9a..774d7450 100644 --- a/europe/mt.json +++ b/europe/mt.json @@ -525,10 +525,16 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president indirectly elected by the House of Representatives for a single 5-year term; election last held on 27 March 2024 (next to be held by March 2029); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the president for a 5-year term; deputy prime minister appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister" + "text": "president indirectly elected by the House of Representatives for a single 5-year term; following legislative elections, the president usually appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as prime minister for a 5-year term; deputy prime minister appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "27 March 2024" }, "election results": { "text": "
2024:  Myriam Spiteri DEBONO (PL) elected president; House of Representatives vote - unanimous

2019: George VELLA (PL) elected president; House of Representatives vote - unanimous" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "by March 2029" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -626,7 +632,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "Maltese eight-pointed cross" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/europe/nl.json b/europe/nl.json index 2c05c316..51ed1a3d 100644 --- a/europe/nl.json +++ b/europe/nl.json @@ -566,7 +566,7 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the monarch" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; following Second Chamber elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the monarch; deputy prime ministers are appointed by the monarch" + "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; following Second Chamber elections, the monarch usually appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as prime minister; deputy prime ministers are also appointed by the monarch" }, "note": "note: Prime Minister Dick SCHOOF resigned on 3 June 2025 after a party withdrew from his governing coalition, but he will continue in a caretaker capacity until new elections are held, probably in the fall of 2025" }, @@ -703,7 +703,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "lion, daisy" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "orange" }, "National anthem": { @@ -717,11 +717,12 @@ }, "National heritage": { "total World Heritage Sites": { - "text": "13 (12 cultural, 1 natural); note - includes one site in Curacao" + "text": "13 (12 cultural, 1 natural)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { "text": "Schokland and Surroundings (c); Dutch Water Defense Lines (c); Van Nellefabriek (c); Mill Network at Kinderdijk-Elshout (c); Droogmakerij de Beemster (Beemster Polder) (c); Rietveld Schröderhuis (Rietveld Schröder House) (c); Wadden Sea (n); Seventeenth Century Canal Ring Area of Amsterdam inside the Singelgracht (c); Colonies of Benevolence (c); Frontiers of the Roman Empire - The Lower German Limes (c)" - } + }, + "note": "note: includes one site in Curacao" } }, "Economy": { diff --git a/europe/no.json b/europe/no.json index ca0c589d..c85f0879 100644 --- a/europe/no.json +++ b/europe/no.json @@ -562,7 +562,7 @@ "text": "Council of State appointed by the monarch, approved by Parliament" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; following parliamentary elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the monarch with the approval of the parliament" + "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; following legislative elections, the monarch usually appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as prime minister, with the approval of Parliament" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -667,7 +667,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "lion" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white, blue" }, "National anthem": { @@ -684,7 +684,7 @@ "text": "8 (7 cultural, 1 natural)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "Bryggen (c); Urnes Stave Church (c); Røros Mining Town and the Circumference (c); Rock Art of Alta (c); Vegaøyan – The Vega Archipelago (c); Struve Geodetic Arc (c); West Norwegian Fjords – Geirangerfjord and Nærøyfjord (n); Rjukan-Notodden Industrial Heritage Site (c)" + "text": "Bryggen (c); Urnes Stave Church (c); Røros Mining Town and the Circumference (c); Rock Art of Alta (c); Vegaøyan – The Vega Archipelago (c); Struve Geodetic Arc (c); West Norwegian Fjords – Geirangerfjord and Nærøyfjord (n); Rjukan-Notodden Industrial Heritage Site (c)" } } }, diff --git a/europe/pl.json b/europe/pl.json index 42779967..ff722bea 100644 --- a/europe/pl.json +++ b/europe/pl.json @@ -567,7 +567,10 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers proposed by the prime minister, appointed by the president, and approved by the Sejm" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election held on 18 May 2025 first round with the second round to be held on 1 June 2025; prime minister, deputy prime ministers, and Council of Ministers appointed by the president and confirmed by the Sejm; all presidential candidates resign their party affiliation" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister, deputy prime ministers, and Council of Ministers appointed by the president and confirmed by the Sejm; all presidential candidates resign their party affiliation" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "18 May 2025, with the second round on 1 June 2025" }, "election results": { "text": "
2025: Karol NAWROCKI elected president in second round; percent of vote - Karol NAWROCKI (PiS) 50.9%, Rafal TRZASKOWSKI (KO) 49.1%; NAWROCKI takes office 6 August 2025

2025: First round Rafal TRZASKOWSKI (KO) 31.4%, Karol NAWROCKI 29.5% (PiS), Slawomir MENTZEN 14.8%, Grzegorz BRAUN 6.3%, and Szymon HOLOWNIA 5.0%; second round to be held on 1 June 2025; 

2020: Andrzej DUDA reelected president in second round; percent of vote - Andrzej DUDA (independent) 51%, Rafal TRZASKOWSKI (KO) 49%

2015: Andrzej DUDA elected president in second round; percent of vote - Andrzej DUDA (independent) 51.5%, Bronislaw KOMOROWSKI (independent) 48.5%

 

" @@ -710,7 +713,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "white crowned eagle" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "white, red" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/europe/po.json b/europe/po.json index de9022bd..b544b1a1 100644 --- a/europe/po.json +++ b/europe/po.json @@ -549,11 +549,17 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 24 January 2021 (next to be held in January 2026); following legislative elections the leader of the majority party or majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the president" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); following legislative elections, the president usually appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as prime minister" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "24 January 2021" }, "election results": { "text": "
2021: Marcelo REBELO DE SOUSA reelected president in the first round; percent of vote - Marcelo REBELO DE SOUSA (PSD) 60.7%, Ana GOMES (ran as an independent but is a member of PS) 13%, Andre VENTURA (CH) 11.9%, João FERREIRA (PCP-PEV) 4.3%, other 10.1%

2016: Marcelo REBELO DE SOUSA elected president in the first round; percent of vote - Marcelo REBELO DE SOUSA (PSD) 52%, António SAMPAIO DA NOVOA (independent) 22.9%, Marisa MATIAS (BE) 10.1%, Maria DE BELEM ROSEIRA (PS) 4.2%, other 10.8%

 

" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "January 2026" + }, "note": "note: there is also a Council of State that acts as a consultative body to the president" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -660,7 +666,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "armillary sphere (a spherical astrolabe for modeling objects in the sky)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, green" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/europe/ri.json b/europe/ri.json index e8cc8ee1..5ef9664b 100644 --- a/europe/ri.json +++ b/europe/ri.json @@ -568,10 +568,16 @@ "text": "Cabinet elected by the National Assembly" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 17 December 2023 (next to be held in 2028); prime minister elected by the National Assembly" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister elected by the National Assembly" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "17 December 2023" }, "election results": { "text": "
2022: Aleksandar VUCIC reelected in first round; percent of vote - Aleksandar VUCIC (SNS) 60%, Zdravko PONOS (US) 18.9%, Milos JOVANOVIC (NADA) 6.1%, Bosko OBRADOVIC (Dveri-POKS) 4.5%, Milica DJURDJEVIC STAMENKOVSKI (SSZ) 4.3%, other 6.2%

2017: Aleksandar VUCIC elected president in first round; percent of vote - Aleksandar VUCIC (SNS) 55.1%, Sasa JANKOVIC (independent) 16.4%, Luka MAKSIMOVIC (independent) 9.4%, Vuk JEREMIC (independent) 5.7%, Vojislav SESELJ (SRS) 4.5%, other 7.3%, invalid/blank 1.6%; Prime Minister Ana BRNABIC reelected by the National Assembly on 5 October 2020; National Assembly vote - NA" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2028" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -677,7 +683,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "white double-headed eagle" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, blue, white" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/europe/ro.json b/europe/ro.json index 4278c263..9a607456 100644 --- a/europe/ro.json +++ b/europe/ro.json @@ -566,17 +566,24 @@ "text": "President Nicușor DAN (since 26 May 2025)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "Interim Prime Minister Catalin PREDOIU (since 6 May 2025)" + "text": "Prime Minister Ilie BOLOJAN (since 23 June 2005)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 18 May 2025; prime minister appointed by the president with consent of Parliament" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister appointed by the president with consent of Parliament" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "18 May 2025" }, "election results": { "text": "
2025: Nicușor DAN elected president in runoff; percent of vote - Nicușor DAN (unaffiliated) 53.6%, George SIMION (AUR) 46.4%

2019: Klaus IOHANNIS reelected president in second round; percent of vote - Klaus IOHANNIS (PNL) 66.1%, Viorica DANCILA (PSD) 33.9%" - } + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2030" + }, + "note": "note: the prime ministerial position will be rotated in 2027 from BOLOJAN to another coalition party member as part of a power-sharing agreement" }, "Legislative branch": { "legislature name": { @@ -714,7 +721,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "golden eagle" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, yellow, red" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/europe/si.json b/europe/si.json index e1d4bebb..23572442 100644 --- a/europe/si.json +++ b/europe/si.json @@ -543,10 +543,16 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers nominated by the prime minister, elected by the National Assembly" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second consecutive term); election last held on 23 October 2022 with a runoff on 13 November 2022 (next to be held in 2027); following National Assembly elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually nominated prime minister by the president and elected by the National Assembly" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second consecutive term); following National Assembly elections, the president usually nominates the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as prime minister, and the National Assembly elects the nominee" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "23 October 2022, with a runoff on 13 November 2022" }, "election results": { "text": "
2022: Natasa PIRC MUSAR elected president in second round: percent of vote in first round - Anze LOGAR (SDS) 34%, Natasa PIRC MUSAR (independent) 26.9%, Milan BRGLEZ (SD) 15.5%, Vladimir PREBILIC (independent) 10.6%, Sabina SENCAR (Resni.ca) 5.9%, Janez CIGLER KRALJ (NSi) 4.4%, other 2.7%; percent of vote in second round - Natasa PIRC MUSAR 53.9%, Anze LOGAR 46.1%; Robert GOLOB (GS) elected prime minister on 25 May 2022, National Assembly vote - 54-30

2017: Borut PAHOR reelected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Borut PAHOR (independent) 47.1%, Marjan SAREC (Marjan Sarec List) 25%, Romana TOMC (SDS) 13.7%, Ljudmila NOVAK (NSi) 7.2%, other 7%; percent of vote in second round - Borut PAHOR 52.9%, Marjan SAREC 47.1%" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2027" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -676,7 +682,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "Mount Triglav" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "white, blue, red" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/europe/sm.json b/europe/sm.json index 80c21294..ca394db6 100644 --- a/europe/sm.json +++ b/europe/sm.json @@ -464,11 +464,17 @@ "text": "Congress of State elected by the Grand and General Council" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "co-chiefs of state (captains regent) indirectly elected by the Grand and General Council for a single 6-month term; election last held on 1 April 2025 (next to be held in September 2025); Secretary of State for Foreign and Political Affairs indirectly elected by the Grand and General Council for a single 5-year term; election last held on 28 December 2019" + "text": "co-chiefs of state (captains regent) indirectly elected by the Grand and General Council for a single 6-month term; Secretary of State for Foreign and Political Affairs indirectly elected by the Grand and General Council for a single 5-year term" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "co-chiefs of state: 1 April 2025

secretary of state: 28 December 2019" }, "election results": { "text": "
2025: Denise BRONZETTI (Reformist Alliance) and Italo RIGHI (Christian Democrat) elected captains regent: percent of Grand and General Council vote - NA

2024: Francesca CIVERCHIA (PDCS) and Dalibor RICCARDI (Free San Marino) elected captains regent; percent of Grand and General Council vote - NA

2019: Luca BECCARI (PDCS) elected Secretary of State for Foreign and Political Affairs; percent of Grand and General Council vote - NA" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "co-chiefs of state: September 2025" + }, "note": "note: the captains regent preside over meetings of the Grand and General Council and its cabinet (Congress of State), which has seven other members who are selected by the Grand and General Council; assisting the captains regent are seven secretaries of state; the secretary of state for Foreign Affairs has some prime ministerial roles" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -555,7 +561,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "three peaks, each displaying a tower" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "white, blue" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/europe/sp.json b/europe/sp.json index b312cf02..f2ba69dd 100644 --- a/europe/sp.json +++ b/europe/sp.json @@ -560,11 +560,17 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers designated by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; following legislative elections, the monarch usually proposes as president the leader of the majority party or coalition, who is then indirectly elected by the Congress of Deputies; election last held on 23 July 2023 (next to be held on 31 July 2027); vice president and Council of Ministers appointed by the president" + "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; following legislative elections, the monarch usually proposes as president the leader of the majority party or coalition, who is then indirectly elected by the Congress of Deputies; vice president and Council of Ministers appointed by the president" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "23 July 2023" }, "election results": { "text": "Congress of Deputies vote - 179 to 171 (16 November 2023)" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "31 July 2027" + }, "note": "note: there is also a Council of State that is the supreme consultative organ of the government, but its recommendations are non-binding" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -706,7 +712,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "Pillars of Hercules" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, yellow" }, "National anthem": { @@ -723,7 +729,7 @@ "text": "50 (44 cultural, 4 natural, 2 mixed)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "Cave of Altamira and Paleolithic Cave Art of Northern Spain (c); Works of Antoni Gaudí (c); Santiago de Compostela (Old Town) (c); Historic City of Toledo (c); Archaeological Ensemble of Mérida (c); Tower of Hercules (c); Doñana National Park (n); Pyrénées - Mont Perdu (m); Alhambra, Generalife, and Albayzín in Granada (c); Old City of Salamanca (c); Teide National Park (n); Historic Walled Town of Cuenca (c); Old Town of Segovia and its Aqueduct (c); Historic Cordoba (c); El Escorial (c)" + "text": "Cave of Altamira and Paleolithic Cave Art of Northern Spain (c); Works of Antoni Gaudí (c); Santiago de Compostela (Old Town) (c); Historic City of Toledo (c); Archaeological Ensemble of Mérida (c); Tower of Hercules (c); Doñana National Park (n); Pyrénées - Mont Perdu (m); Alhambra, Generalife, and Albayzín in Granada (c); Old City of Salamanca (c); Teide National Park (n); Historic Walled Town of Cuenca (c); Old Town of Segovia and its Aqueduct (c); Historic Cordoba (c); Royal Site of Saint Lorenzo de El Escorial (c); Cathedral, Alcázar, and Archivo de Indias in Seville" } } }, diff --git a/europe/sw.json b/europe/sw.json index 0575bda1..39658bc2 100644 --- a/europe/sw.json +++ b/europe/sw.json @@ -661,7 +661,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "three crowns, lion" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, yellow" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/europe/sz.json b/europe/sz.json index d7c65649..5b077837 100644 --- a/europe/sz.json +++ b/europe/sz.json @@ -555,10 +555,16 @@ "text": "Federal Council or Bundesrat (in German), Conseil Federal (in French), Consiglio Federale (in Italian) indirectly elected by the Federal Assembly for a 4-year term" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president and vice president elected by the Federal Assembly from among members of the Federal Council for a 1-year, non-consecutive term; election last held on 13 December 2023 (next to be held in December 2024)" + "text": "president and vice president elected by the Federal Assembly from among members of the Federal Council for a 1-year, non-consecutive term" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "11 December 2024" }, "election results": { - "text": "
2023:  Viola AMHERD elected president for 2024; Federal Assembly vote - Viola AMHERD (The Center) 158 of 204; Karin Keller-Sutter (FDP.The Liberals) elected vice president for 2024; Federal Assembly vote - 138 of 196

2022:  Alain BERSET elected president for 2023; Federal Assembly vote - Alain BERSET (SP) 140 OF 181; Viola AMHERD elected vice president; Federal assembly vote - 207 of 223" + "text": "2024: Karin KELLER-SUTTER elected president for 2025; Federal Assembly vote - Karin KELLER-SUTTER (FDP.The Liberals) 168 of 203; Guy PARLEMIN (SVP) elected vice president for 2025; Federal Assembly vote - 196 of 219

2023:  Viola AMHERD elected president for 2024; Federal Assembly vote - Viola AMHERD (The Center) 158 of 204; Karin KELLER-SUTTER (FDP.The Liberals) elected vice president for 2024; Federal Assembly vote - 138 of 196

2022:  Alain BERSET elected president for 2023; Federal Assembly vote - Alain BERSET (SP) 140 OF 181; Viola AMHERD elected vice president; Federal assembly vote - 207 of 223" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "December 2025" }, "note": "note: the Federal Council, composed of 7 federal councilors, constitutes the federal government of Switzerland; council members rotate the 1-year term of federal president" }, @@ -702,7 +708,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "Swiss cross (white cross on red field)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white" }, "National anthem": { @@ -719,7 +725,7 @@ "text": "13 (9 cultural, 4 natural)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "Old City of Berne (c); Swiss Alps Jungfrau-Aletsch (n); Monte San Giorgio (n); Abbey of St Gall (c); Three Castles, Defensive Wall, and Ramparts of the Market-Town of Bellinzona (c); Rhaetian Railway in the Albula/Bernina Landscapes (c); La Chaux-de-Fonds/Le Locle, Watchmaking Town Planning (c); Prehistoric Pile Dwellings around the Alps (c); Benedictine Convent of St John at Müstair (c); Lavaux, Vineyard Terraces (c)" + "text": "Old City of Berne (c); Swiss Alps Jungfrau-Aletsch (n); Monte San Giorgio (n); Abbey of St Gall (c); Three Castles, Defensive Wall, and Ramparts of the Market-Town of Bellinzona (c); Rhaetian Railway in the Albula/Bernina Landscapes (c); La Chaux-de-Fonds/Le Locle, Watchmaking Town Planning (c); Prehistoric Pile Dwellings around the Alps (c); Benedictine Convent of St John at Müstair (c); Lavaux, Vineyard Terraces (c)" } } }, diff --git a/europe/uk.json b/europe/uk.json index 39c72ca4..c5c77e0d 100644 --- a/europe/uk.json +++ b/europe/uk.json @@ -550,7 +550,7 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by the prime minister" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually becomes the prime minister; election last held on 12 December 2019 (next to be held no later than 28 January 2025)" + "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually becomes the prime minister" }, "note": "note 1: in addition to serving as the UK head of state, the British sovereign is the constitutional monarch for 14 additional Commonwealth countries (each referred to as a \"Commonwealth realm\")

note 2: King CHARLES III succeeded his mother, Queen ELIZABETH II, after serving as Prince of Wales (heir apparent) for over 64 years -- the longest such tenure in British history" }, @@ -598,6 +598,9 @@ "number of seats": { "text": "800 (all appointed)" }, + "parties elected and seats per party": { + "text": "Conservative Party (286); Labour Party (212); Liberal Democrats (76); Crossover (Independents) 180; other (6)" + }, "percentage of women in chamber": { "text": "31%" }, @@ -675,7 +678,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "lion (all of Britain); lion, Tudor rose, oak (England); lion, unicorn, thistle (Scotland); dragon, daffodil, leek (Wales); shamrock, flax (Northern Ireland)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white, blue (all of Britain); red, white (England); blue, white (Scotland); red, white, green (Wales)" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/europe/up.json b/europe/up.json index 478b6882..73806373 100644 --- a/europe/up.json +++ b/europe/up.json @@ -556,11 +556,17 @@ "text": "Cabinet of Ministers nominated by the prime minister, approved by the Verkhovna Rada" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 31 March and 21 April 2019, the next election was scheduled to be held in March/April 2024, but no election was held because Ukraine has been under martial law since February 2022; prime minister selected by the Verkhovna Rada" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister selected by the Verkhovna Rada" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "31 March and 21 April 2019" }, "election results": { "text": "
2019: Volodymyr ZELENSKYY elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Volodymyr ZELENSKYY (Servant of the People) 30.2%, Petro POROSHENKO (BPP-Solidarity) 15.6%, Yuliya TYMOSHENKO (Fatherland) 13.4%, Yuriy BOYKO (Opposition Platform-For Life) 11.7%, 35 other candidates 29.1%; percent of vote in the second round - Volodymyr ZELENSKYY 73.2%, Petro POROSHENKO 24.5%, other 2.3%; Denys SHMYHAL (independent) elected prime minister; Verkhovna Rada vote - 291-59

2014: Petro POROSHENKO elected president in first round; percent of vote - Petro POROSHENKO (independent) 54.5%, Yuliya TYMOSHENKO (Fatherland) 12.9%, Oleh LYASHKO (Radical Party) 8.4%, other 24.2%; Volodymyr HROYSMAN (BPP) elected prime minister; Verkhovna Rada vote - 257-50" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "scheduled for March/April 2024, but not held because Ukraine has been under martial law since February 2022" + }, "note": "note: a National Security and Defense Council or NSDC was created in 1992 and tasked with developing national security policy on domestic and international matters and advising the president; a presidential administration helps draft presidential edicts and provides policy support to the president" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -666,7 +672,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "tryzub (trident), sunflower" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, yellow" }, "National anthem": { @@ -1181,8 +1187,8 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "Armed Forces of Ukraine (AFU; Zbroyni Syly Ukrayiny or ZSU): Ground Forces (Sukhoputni Viys’ka, SV), Naval Forces (Viys’kovo-Mors’ki Syly, VMS), Air Forces (Povitryani Syly, PS), Air Assault Forces (Desantno-shturmovi Viyska, DShV), Ukrainian Special Operations Forces (UASOF), Unmanned Systems Forces, Territorial Defense Forces (Reserves)

Ministry of Internal Affairs: National Guard of Ukraine, State Border Guard Service of Ukraine (includes Maritime Border Guard or Sea Guard) (2025)", - "note": "note 1: in the event that martial law is declared, all National Guard units, with certain exceptions such as those tasked with providing for diplomatic security of embassies and consulates, would come under the command of the Ministry of Defense as auxiliary forces to the Armed Forces

note 2: the Territorial Defense Forces (TDF) were formally established in July 2021; the TDF evolved from former Territorial Defense Battalions and other volunteer militia and paramilitary units that were organized in 2014-2015 to fight Russian-backed separatists in the Donbas; in January 2022, the TDF was activated as a separate military branch

note 3: collectively, the AFU and the forces under the Ministry of Interior are known as the Defense Forces of Ukraine (DFU)" + "text": "Armed Forces of Ukraine (AFU; Zbroyni Syly Ukrayiny or ZSU): Ground Forces, Naval Forces, Air Forces, Air Assault Forces, Marine Corps, Special Operations Forces, Unmanned Systems Forces, Territorial Defense Forces (Reserves)

Ministry of Internal Affairs: National Guard of Ukraine, State Border Guard Service of Ukraine (includes Maritime Border Guard or Sea Guard), National Police of Ukraine (2025)", + "note": "note 1: combat units of the National Guard, National Police, and Border Guards come under the control of the Armed Forces in wartime.

note 2: the Territorial Defense Forces (TDF) were formally established in July 2021; the TDF evolved from former Territorial Defense Battalions and other volunteer militia and paramilitary units that were organized in 2014-2015 to fight Russian-backed separatists in the Donbas; in January 2022, the TDF was activated as a separate military branch

note 3: collectively, the AFU and the forces under the Ministry of Interior are known as the Defense Forces of Ukraine (DFU)" }, "Military expenditures": { "Military Expenditures 2021": { diff --git a/europe/vt.json b/europe/vt.json index 781b1585..92709de9 100644 --- a/europe/vt.json +++ b/europe/vt.json @@ -346,7 +346,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "crossed keys under a papal tiara" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "yellow, white" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/middle-east/ae.json b/middle-east/ae.json index d552be77..914d20a7 100644 --- a/middle-east/ae.json +++ b/middle-east/ae.json @@ -537,11 +537,17 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers announced by the prime minister and approved by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president and vice president indirectly elected by the Federal Supreme Council - composed of the rulers of the 7 emirates - for a 5-year term (no term limits); unscheduled election held on 14 May 2022, following the death of President KHALIFA bin Zayid Al-Nuhayyan (next election expected in 2027); prime minister appointed by the president" + "text": "president and vice president indirectly elected by the Federal Supreme Council -- composed of the rulers of the 7 emirates -- for a 5-year term (no term limits);  prime minister appointed by the president" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "unscheduled election held on 14 May 2022, after the death of President KHALIFA bin Zayid Al-Nuhayyan" }, "election results": { "text": "
2022: MUHAMMAD BIN ZAYID Al-Nuhayyan elected president; Federal Supreme Council vote - NA" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2027" + }, "note": "note: the Federal Supreme Council (FSC) is composed of the 7 emirate rulers and is the highest constitutional authority in the UAE; the FSC establishes general policies and sanctions federal legislation; meets 4 times a year; Abu Zaby (Abu Dhabi) and Dubayy (Dubai) rulers have effective veto power" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -646,7 +652,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "golden falcon" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "green, white, black, red" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/middle-east/aj.json b/middle-east/aj.json index 841f6972..5191012e 100644 --- a/middle-east/aj.json +++ b/middle-east/aj.json @@ -541,10 +541,16 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president and confirmed by the National Assembly" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds (if needed) for a 7-year term; a single individual is eligible for unlimited terms; election last held on 7 February 2024 (next to be held in 2031); prime minister and first deputy prime minister appointed by the president and confirmed by the National Assembly" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds (if needed) for a 7-year term; a single individual is eligible for unlimited terms; prime minister and first deputy prime minister appointed by the president and confirmed by the National Assembly" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "7 February 2024" }, "election results": { "text": "
2024: Ilham ALIYEV reelected president; percent of vote - Ilham ALIYEV (YAP) 92.1%, Zahid ORUJ (independent) 2.2%; on 16 February 2024, Ali ASADOV reappointed prime minister by parliamentary vote, 105-1

2018: Ilham ALIYEV reelected president in first round; percent of vote - Ilham ALIYEV (YAP) 86%, Zahid ORUJ (independent) 3.1%, other 10.9%" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2031" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -648,7 +654,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "flames of fire" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, red, green" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/middle-east/am.json b/middle-east/am.json index 2ee6210f..8896c603 100644 --- a/middle-east/am.json +++ b/middle-east/am.json @@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ } }, "Population distribution": { - "text": "most of the population is located in the northern half of the country; the capital of Yerevan is home to more than five times as many people as Gyumri, the second largest city in the country" + "text": "most of the population is located in the northern half of the country; the capital of Yerevan is home to more than five times as many people as Gyumri, the second-largest city in the country" }, "Natural hazards": { "text": "occasionally severe earthquakes; droughts" @@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ "text": "-5.2 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2024 est.)" }, "Population distribution": { - "text": "most of the population is located in the northern half of the country; the capital of Yerevan is home to more than five times as many people as Gyumri, the second largest city in the country" + "text": "most of the population is located in the northern half of the country; the capital of Yerevan is home to more than five times as many people as Gyumri, the second-largest city in the country" }, "Urbanization": { "urban population": { @@ -545,10 +545,16 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president indirectly elected by the National Assembly in 3 rounds if needed for a single 7-year term; election last held on 2 and 3 March 2022 (next election to be held in 2029); prime minister indirectly elected by majority vote in two rounds if needed by the National Assembly" + "text": "president indirectly elected by the National Assembly in 3 rounds, if needed, for a single 7-year term; prime minister indirectly elected by majority vote in two rounds, if needed, by the National Assembly" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "3 March 2022" }, "election results": { "text": "
2022: Vahagn KHACHATURYAN elected president in second round; note - Vahagn KHACHATURYAN (independent) ran unopposed and won the Assembly vote 71-0

2018: Armen SARKISSIAN elected president in first round; note - Armen SARKISSIAN (indpendent) ran unopposed and won the Assembly vote 90-10" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2029" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -653,7 +659,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "Mount Ararat, eagle, lion" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, blue, orange" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/middle-east/ba.json b/middle-east/ba.json index d0487037..0e0da956 100644 --- a/middle-east/ba.json +++ b/middle-east/ba.json @@ -664,7 +664,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "a white serrated band with five white points on top of a red field" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/middle-east/gg.json b/middle-east/gg.json index c26d2283..415933f3 100644 --- a/middle-east/gg.json +++ b/middle-east/gg.json @@ -545,10 +545,16 @@ "text": "Cabinet of Ministers" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president elected by a 300-member College of Electors; election last held on 14 December 2024; next election in 2029; prime minister nominated by Parliament, appointed by the president" + "text": "president elected by a 300-member College of Electors; prime minister nominated by Parliament, appointed by the president" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "14 December 2024" }, "election results": { "text": "
2024: Mikheil KAVELASHVILI (Georgian Dream Party) was formally inaugurated on 29 December 2024

2024: Irakli KOBAKHIDZE approved as prime minister by Parliamentary vote 84-10

2018: Salome ZOURABICHVILI elected president in second round; percent of vote in second round - Salome ZOURABICHVILI (independent, backed by Georgian Dream) 59.5%, Grigol VASHADZE (UNM) 40.5%; Irakli GARIBASHVILI approved as prime minister by Parliamentary vote 89-2" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2029" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -600,7 +606,7 @@ }, "Diplomatic representation in the US": { "chief of mission": { - "text": "Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d'Affaires Khatuna KVESELAVA (since 31 December 2024)" + "text": "Ambassador-designate Tamar TALIASHVILI; Chargé d'Affaires Khatuna KVESELAVA (since 31 December 2024)" }, "chancery": { "text": "1824 R Street NW, Washington, DC 20009" @@ -653,7 +659,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "Saint George, lion" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white" }, "National anthem": { @@ -1169,7 +1175,7 @@ "note": "note 1: approximately 6-7,000 individuals are called up annually for conscription for service; conscripts serve in the Defense Forces, the Ministry of Internal Affairs, or the Ministry of Corrections

note 2: as of 2022, women made up about 8% of the military's full-time personnel" }, "Military - note": { - "text": "the Defense Forces of Georgia (DFG) are responsible for protecting the independence, sovereignty, and territorial integrity of the country; the DFG also provides units for multinational military operations abroad and supports the Border Police in border protection and civil authorities in counter-terrorist operations, if requested; it is focused primarily on Russia, which maintains military bases and troops in occupied Abkhazia and South Ossetia; a five-day conflict with Russian forces in 2008 resulted in the defeat and expulsion of Georgian forces from the breakaway regions 

Georgia is not a member of NATO but has had a relationship with the Alliance since 1992 and declared its aspiration to join in 2002; the military is working to make itself more compatible with NATO and has participated in multinational exercises and security operations abroad with NATO, such as Afghanistan, where it was one of the top non-NATO contributors, and Kosovo; the DFG has also contributed troops to EU and UN missions (2024)" + "text": "the Defense Forces of Georgia (DFG) are responsible for protecting the independence, sovereignty, and territorial integrity of the country; the DFG also provides units for multinational military operations abroad and supports the Border Police in border protection and civil authorities in counter-terrorist operations, if requested; it is focused primarily on Russia, which maintains military bases and troops in occupied Abkhazia and South Ossetia; a five-day conflict with Russian forces in 2008 resulted in the defeat and expulsion of Georgian forces from the breakaway regions 

Georgia is not a member of NATO but has had a relationship with the Alliance since 1992 and declared its aspiration to join in 2002; the military is working to make itself more compatible with NATO and has participated in multinational exercises and security operations abroad with NATO, such as Afghanistan, where it was one of the top non-NATO contributors, and Kosovo; the DFG has also contributed troops to EU and UN missions (2025)" } }, "Transnational Issues": { diff --git a/middle-east/ir.json b/middle-east/ir.json index 46dad8a3..cbee72ee 100644 --- a/middle-east/ir.json +++ b/middle-east/ir.json @@ -571,7 +571,10 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers selected by the president with legislative approval; the supreme leader has some control over appointments to several ministries" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "supreme leader appointed for life by Assembly of Experts; president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term and an additional nonconsecutive term); election last held on 28 June 2024 first round (runoff held on 5 July 2024)" + "text": "supreme leader appointed for life by Assembly of Experts; president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term and an additional nonconsecutive term)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "28 June 2024, with runoff held on 5 July 2024" }, "election results": { "text": "
2024: first round results - Masoud PEZESHKIAN (independent) 44.4%, Saeed JALILI (Front of Islamic Revolution Stability) 40.4%, Mohammad Baqer QAKIBAF (Progress and Justice Population of Islamic Iran) 14.3%, other 0.9%; second round results - Masoud PEZESHKIAN elected; Masoud PEZESHKIAN 54.8%, Saeed JALILI 45.2%

2021: Ebrahim RAISI elected president; percent of vote - Ebrahim RAISI (independent) 72.4%, Mohsen REZAI (RFII) 13.8%, Abbdolnaser HEMATI (ECP) 9.8%, Amir-Hosein Qazizadeh-HASHEMI (Islamic Law Party) 4%" @@ -645,7 +648,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "lion" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "green, white, red" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/middle-east/is.json b/middle-east/is.json index 8aa9be78..be1738ea 100644 --- a/middle-east/is.json +++ b/middle-east/is.json @@ -548,10 +548,16 @@ "text": "Cabinet selected by prime minister and approved by the Knesset" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president indirectly elected by the Knesset for a single 7-year term; election last held on 2 June 2021 (next to be held in June 2028); following legislative elections, the president, in consultation with party leaders, tasks a Knesset member (usually the member of the largest party) with forming a new government" + "text": "president indirectly elected by the Knesset for a single 7-year term; following legislative elections, the president, in consultation with party leaders, tasks a Knesset member (usually the member of the largest party) with forming a new government" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "2 June 2021" }, "election results": { "text": "
2021: Isaac HERZOG elected president; Knesset vote in first round - Isaac HERZOG (independent) 87, Miriam PERETZ (independent) 26, invalid/blank 7

2014: Reuven RIVLIN elected president in second round; Knesset vote - Reuven RIVLIN (Likud) 63, Meir SHEETRIT (The Movement) 53, other/invalid 4

 

" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "June 2028" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -661,7 +667,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "Star of David (Magen David), menorah (seven-branched lampstand)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, white" }, "National anthem": { @@ -678,7 +684,7 @@ "text": "9 (all cultural)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "Masada; Old City of Acre; White City of Tel-Aviv - the Modern Movement; Biblical Tels - Megiddo, Hazor, Beer Sheba; Incense Route - Desert Cities in the Negev; Bahá’i Holy Places; Sites of Human Evolution at Mount Carmel; Caves of Maresha and Bet-Guvrin; Necropolis of Bet She’arim" + "text": "Masada; Old City of Acre; White City of Tel-Aviv - the Modern Movement; Biblical Tels - Megiddo, Hazor, Beer Sheba; Incense Route - Desert Cities in the Negev; Bahá’i Holy Places; Sites of Human Evolution at Mount Carmel; Caves of Maresha and Bet-Guvrin; Necropolis of Bet She’arim" } } }, diff --git a/middle-east/iz.json b/middle-east/iz.json index 3569d83a..6a277cda 100644 --- a/middle-east/iz.json +++ b/middle-east/iz.json @@ -549,7 +549,10 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers proposed by the prime minister, approved by Council of Representatives (COR)" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president indirectly elected by COR to serve a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); COR parliamentary election for president last held on 13 October 2022 (next to be held NA)" + "text": "president indirectly elected by COR to serve a 4-year term (eligible for a second term)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "13 October 2022" }, "election results": { "text": "
2022: Latif RASHID elected president in second round; COR vote in first round - Latif RASHID (PUK) 157, Barham SALIH (PUK) 99; COR vote in second round - Latif RASHID 167, Barham SALIH 99; Mohammed Shia' al-SUDANI approved as prime minister

2018: Barham SALIH elected president in second round; COR vote in first round - Barham SALIH (PUK) 165, Fuad HUSAYN (KDP) 90; COR vote in second round - Barham SALIH 219, Fuad HUSAYN 22; Adil ABD AL-MAHDI approved as prime minister" @@ -657,7 +660,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "golden eagle" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white, black" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/middle-east/jo.json b/middle-east/jo.json index 8109a69e..224a69f9 100644 --- a/middle-east/jo.json +++ b/middle-east/jo.json @@ -694,7 +694,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "eagle" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "black, white, green, red" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/middle-east/ku.json b/middle-east/ku.json index 60922bde..9d2293e5 100644 --- a/middle-east/ku.json +++ b/middle-east/ku.json @@ -612,7 +612,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "golden falcon" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "green, white, red, black" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/middle-east/le.json b/middle-east/le.json index 076b00e1..d58ce195 100644 --- a/middle-east/le.json +++ b/middle-east/le.json @@ -542,10 +542,16 @@ "text": "Cabinet chosen by the prime minister in consultation with the president and the National Assembly" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president indirectly elected by a qualified majority of two-thirds of Parliament members in the first round and if needed a two-thirds quorum of members by simple majority popular vote for a 6-year term (eligible for non-consecutive terms); last held on 9 January 2025 (next to be held in 2031); prime minister appointed by the president in consultation with the National Assembly" + "text": "president indirectly elected by a qualified majority of two-thirds of Parliament members in the first round and, if needed, a two-thirds quorum of members by simple-majority popular vote for a 6-year term (eligible for non-consecutive terms); prime minister appointed by the president in consultation with the National Assembly" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "9 January 2025" }, "election results": { "text": "
2025: Joseph AOUN elected president in second round; National Assembly vote - 99 of 128

2016: Michel AWN elected president in second round; National Assembly vote - Michel AWN (FPM) 83; the president elected in its 46th attempt on 31 October 2016" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2031" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -650,7 +656,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "cedar tree" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white, green" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/middle-east/mu.json b/middle-east/mu.json index 45df6021..38cf76ed 100644 --- a/middle-east/mu.json +++ b/middle-east/mu.json @@ -660,7 +660,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "khanjar dagger on top of two crossed swords" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white, green" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/middle-east/qa.json b/middle-east/qa.json index 70029041..d3ab3907 100644 --- a/middle-east/qa.json +++ b/middle-east/qa.json @@ -638,7 +638,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "a white serrated band with nine white points on top of a maroon field" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "maroon, white" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/middle-east/sa.json b/middle-east/sa.json index 73fd0c9a..709e378d 100644 --- a/middle-east/sa.json +++ b/middle-east/sa.json @@ -541,7 +541,7 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the monarch every 4 years and includes many royal family members" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "none; the monarchy is hereditary; an Allegiance Council created by royal decree in 2006 established a committee of Saudi princes for a voice in selecting future Saudi kings" + "text": "none; the monarchy is hereditary; an Allegiance Council created by royal decree in 2006 established a committee of Saudi princes who have a voice in selecting future Saudi kings" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -643,7 +643,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "palm tree over two crossed swords" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "green, white" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/middle-east/sy.json b/middle-east/sy.json index 77683b4f..9d393ca5 100644 --- a/middle-east/sy.json +++ b/middle-east/sy.json @@ -518,10 +518,16 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 7-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 26 May 2021 (next to be held in 2028); the president appoints the vice president and prime minister" + "text": "president directly elected by simple-majority popular vote for a 7-year term (eligible for a second term); the president appoints the vice president and prime minister" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "26 May 2021" }, "election results": { "text": "
2021: Bashar al-ASAD elected president; percent of vote - Bashar al-ASAD (Ba'th Party) 95.2%, Mahmoud Ahmad MAREI (Democratic Arab Socialist Union) 3.3%, other 1.5%

2014: Bashar al-ASAD elected president; percent of vote - Bashar al-ASAD (Ba'th Party) 88.7%, Hassan al-NOURI (independent) 4.3%, Maher HAJJER (independent) 3.2%, other/invalid 3.8%" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2028" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -597,7 +603,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "northern bald ibis" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white, black, green" }, "National anthem": { @@ -614,7 +620,7 @@ "text": "6 (all cultural)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "Ancient City of Damascus; Ancient City of Bosra; Site of Palmyra; Ancient City of Aleppo; Crac des Chevaliers and Qal’at Salah El-Din; Ancient Villages of Northern Syria" + "text": "Ancient City of Damascus; Ancient City of Bosra; Site of Palmyra; Ancient City of Aleppo; Crac des Chevaliers and Qal’at Salah El-Din; Ancient Villages of Northern Syria" } } }, diff --git a/middle-east/tu.json b/middle-east/tu.json index 7e9a9358..e80c7fcb 100644 --- a/middle-east/tu.json +++ b/middle-east/tu.json @@ -572,10 +572,16 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 14 May 2023 with a runoff on 28 May 2023 (next to be held in 2028)" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "14 May 2023, with a runoff on 28 May 2023" }, "election results": { "text": "
2023: Recep Tayyip ERDOGAN reelected president in second round - Recep Tayyip ERDOGAN (AKP) 52.2%, Kemal KILICDAROGLU (CHP) 47.8%

2018: Recep Tayyip ERDOGAN reelected president in first round - Recep Tayyip ERDOGAN (AKP) 52.6%, Muharrem INCE (CHP) 30.6%, Selahattin DEMIRTAS (HDP) 8.4%, Meral AKSENER (IYI) 7.3%, other 1.1%" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2028" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -686,7 +692,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "vertical crescent moon with adjacent five-pointed star" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white" }, "National anthem": { @@ -703,7 +709,7 @@ "text": "21 (19 cultural, 2 mixed)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "

Archaeological Site of Troy (c); Ephesus (c); Diyarbakır Fortress and Hevsel Gardens Cultural Landscape (c); Hierapolis-Pamukkale (m); Göreme National Park and the Rock Sites of Cappadocia (m); Göbekli Tepe (c); Historic Areas of Istanbul (c); Selimiye Mosque and its Social Complex (c); Neolithic Site of Çatalhöyük (c); Bursa and Cumalıkızık: the Birth of the Ottoman Empire (c); Gordion (c); Great Mosque and Hospital of Divriği (c); Hattusha: the Hittite Capital (c); Nemrut Dağ (c);  Xanthos-Letoon (c); City of Safranbolu (c); Pergamon and its Multi-Layered Cultural Landscape (c); Ephesus (c); Archaeological Site of Ani (c); Aphrodisias (c); Arslantepe Mound (c); Wooden Hypostyle Mosques of Medieval Anatolia (c); Turkmenistan (c)

" + "text": "

Archaeological Site of Troy (c); Ephesus (c); Diyarbakır Fortress and Hevsel Gardens Cultural Landscape (c); Hierapolis-Pamukkale (m); Göreme National Park and the Rock Sites of Cappadocia (m); Göbekli Tepe (c); Historic Areas of Istanbul (c); Selimiye Mosque and its Social Complex (c); Neolithic Site of Çatalhöyük (c); Bursa and Cumalıkızık: the Birth of the Ottoman Empire (c); Gordion (c); Great Mosque and Hospital of Divriği (c); Hattusha: the Hittite Capital (c); Nemrut Dağ (c);  Xanthos-Letoon (c); City of Safranbolu (c); Pergamon and its Multi-Layered Cultural Landscape (c); Archaeological Site of Ani (c); Aphrodisias (c); Arslantepe Mound (c); Wooden Hypostyle Mosques of Medieval Anatolia (c); Turkmenistan (c)

" } } }, diff --git a/middle-east/ym.json b/middle-east/ym.json index 6e992211..60d777f7 100644 --- a/middle-east/ym.json +++ b/middle-east/ym.json @@ -524,12 +524,15 @@ "text": "24 members from northern and southern Yemen, with representatives from Yemen's major political parties" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "formerly, the president was directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 7-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 21 February 2012 (next election NA); vice president appointed by the president; prime minister appointed by the president" + "text": "formerly, the president was directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 7-year term (eligible for a second term); vice president appointed by the president; prime minister appointed by the president" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "21 February 2012" }, "election results": { "text": "
2012: Abd Rabuh Mansur HADI (GPC) elected consensus president" }, - "note": "note: on 7 April 2022, President Abd Rabuh Mansur HADI announced his abdication, the dismissal of Vice President ALI MUHSIN al-Ahmar and the formation of a Presidential Leadership Council, an eight-member body chaired by former minister Rashad AL-ALIMI; on 19 April 2022, the Council was sworn in before Parliament and began assuming the responsibilities of the president and vice president and carrying out the political, security, and military duties of the government; in May 2025 Chairperson al-ALIMI made changes to his cabinet" + "note": "note: on 7 April 2022, President Abd Rabuh Mansur HADI announced his abdication, the dismissal of Vice President ALI MUHSIN al-Ahmar and the formation of a Presidential Leadership Council, an eight-member body chaired by former minister Rashad AL-ALIMI; on 19 April 2022, the Council was sworn in before Parliament and began assuming the responsibilities of the president and vice president and carrying out the political, security, and military duties of the government; in May 2025, Chairperson al-ALIMI made changes to his cabinet" }, "Legislative branch": { "legislature name": { @@ -651,7 +654,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "golden eagle" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white, black" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/north-america/bd.json b/north-america/bd.json index 1adf58b4..50aa4e12 100644 --- a/north-america/bd.json +++ b/north-america/bd.json @@ -442,10 +442,10 @@ "text": "Premier David BURT (since 19 July 2017)" }, "cabinet": { - "text": "Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor" + "text": "Cabinet nominated by the premier, approved by the governor" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed premier by the governor" + "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the governor usually appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as the premier" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -578,7 +578,7 @@ "text": "1 (cultural); note - excerpted from the UK entry" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "Historic Town of St George and Related Fortifications" + "text": "Historic Town of St. George and Related Fortifications" } } }, diff --git a/north-america/ca.json b/north-america/ca.json index 3c52df63..4a93b549 100644 --- a/north-america/ca.json +++ b/north-america/ca.json @@ -574,7 +574,7 @@ "text": "Federal Ministry chosen by the prime minister usually from among members of his/her own party sitting in Parliament" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch on the advice of the prime minister for a 5-year term; after legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition in the House of Commons usually designated prime minister by the governor general" + "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch on the advice of the prime minister for a 5-year term; after legislative elections, the governor general usually designates the leader of the majority party or majority coalition in the House of Commons as prime minister" }, "note": "note: the governor general position is largely ceremonial" }, @@ -705,7 +705,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "maple leaf, beaver" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/north-america/gl.json b/north-america/gl.json index dcdd47c5..b9ca9be1 100644 --- a/north-america/gl.json +++ b/north-america/gl.json @@ -519,7 +519,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "polar bear" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white" }, "National anthem": { @@ -536,7 +536,7 @@ "text": "3 (2 cultural, 1 natural); note - excerpted from the Denmark entry" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "Ilulissat Icefjord (n); Kujataa, Norse and Inuit Farming (c); Aasivissuit–Nipisat, Inuit Hunting Ground (c)" + "text": "Ilulissat Icefjord (n); Kujataa, Norse, and Inuit Farming (c); Aasivissuit–Nipisat, Inuit Hunting Ground (c)" } } }, @@ -863,7 +863,7 @@ "text": "no regular military forces" }, "Military - note": { - "text": "the Danish military’s Joint Arctic Command in Nuuk is responsible for coordinating Denmark's defense of Greenland" + "text": "the Danish military’s Joint Arctic Command in Nuuk is responsible for coordinating Denmark's defense of Greenland

the US Space Force maintains a base on Greenland’s northwest coast, about 750 miles from the North Pole" } }, "Transnational Issues": { diff --git a/north-america/mx.json b/north-america/mx.json index f7abf048..128ad83b 100644 --- a/north-america/mx.json +++ b/north-america/mx.json @@ -599,11 +599,17 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a single 6-year term; election last held on 2 June 2024 (next to be held in 2030)" + "text": "president directly elected by simple-majority popular vote for a single 6-year term" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "2 June 2024" }, "election results": { "text": "
2024: Claudia SHEINBAUM Pardo elected president; percent of vote - Claudia SHEINBAUM Pardo (MORENA) 59.4%, Xóchitl GÁLVEZ Ruiz (PAN) 27.9%, Jorge Álvarez MÁYNEZ (MC) 10.4%, other 2.3%

2018: Andrés Manuel LÓPEZ OBRADOR elected president; percent of vote - Andrés Manuel LÓPEZ OBRADOR (MORENA) 53.2%, Ricardo ANAYA Cortés (PAN) 22.3%, José Antonio MEADE Kuribreña (PRI) 16.4%, Jaime RODRÍGUEZ Calderón (independent) 5.2%, other 2.9%

2012: Enrique PEÑA NIETO elected president; percent of vote - Enrique PEÑA NIETO (PRI) 38.2%, Andrés Manuel LÓPEZ OBRADOR (PRD) 31.6%, Josefina Eugenia VÁZQUEZ Mota (PAN) 25.4%, other 4.8%" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2030" + }, "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -751,7 +757,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "golden eagle, dahlia" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "green, white, red" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/north-america/sb.json b/north-america/sb.json index 59778d4c..23322f0a 100644 --- a/north-america/sb.json +++ b/north-america/sb.json @@ -402,7 +402,10 @@ "text": "Le Cabinet du Préfet" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "French president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 10 April and 24 April 2022 (next to be held in 2027); prefect appointed by French president on the advice of French Ministry of Interior; Territorial Council president elected by Territorial Council councilors by absolute majority vote; term NA; election last held on 13 October 2020 (next to be held NA)" + "text": "French president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); prefect appointed by French president on the advice of French Ministry of Interior; Territorial Council president elected by Territorial Council councilors by absolute majority vote; term NA" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "13 October 2020" }, "election results": { "text": "
2020: Bernard BRIAND elected President of Territorial Council; Territorial Council vote - 17 for, 2 abstentions

2017: Stephane LENORMAND elected President of Territorial Council vote - NA" diff --git a/north-america/us.json b/north-america/us.json index a6707bf9..34e77049 100644 --- a/north-america/us.json +++ b/north-america/us.json @@ -582,11 +582,17 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president, approved by the Senate" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president and vice president indirectly elected on the same ballot by the Electoral College of 'electors' chosen from each state; president and vice president serve a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 5 November 2024 (next to be held on 7 November 2028)" + "text": "president and vice president indirectly elected on the same ballot by the Electoral College of electors chosen from each state; president and vice president serve a 4-year term (eligible for a second term)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "5 November 2024" }, "election results": { "text": "
2024: Donald J. TRUMP elected president; electoral vote - Donald J. TRUMP (Republican Party) 312, Kamala HARRIS (Democratic Party) 226; percent of direct popular vote - Donald J. TRUMP 49.8%, Kamala HARRIS 48.3%, other 1.9%

2020: Joseph R. BIDEN, Jr. elected president; electoral vote - Joseph R. BIDEN, Jr. (Democratic Party) 306, Donald J. TRUMP (Republican Party) 232; percent of direct popular vote - Joseph R. BIDEN Jr. 51.3%, Donald J. TRUMP 46.9%, other 1.8%" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "7 November 2028" + }, "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -687,7 +693,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "bald eagle" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white, blue" }, "National anthem": { @@ -704,7 +710,7 @@ "text": "26 (13 cultural, 12 natural, 1 mixed); note - includes one site in Puerto Rico" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "

Yellowstone National Park (n); Grand Canyon National Park (n); Cahokia Mounds State Historic Site (c); Independence Hall (c); Statue of Liberty (c); Yosemite National Park (n); Papahānaumokuākea (m); Monumental Earthworks of Poverty Point (c); The 20th-Century Architecture of Frank Lloyd Wright (c); Mesa Verde National Park (c); Mammoth Cave National Park (n); Monticello and the University of Virginia in Charlottesville (c); Olympic National Park (n); Everglades National Park (n); Kluane / Wrangell-St. Elias / Glacier Bay / Tatshenshini-Alsek (n); Redwood National and State Parks (n); Great Smoky Mountains National Park (n); La Fortaleza and San Juan National Historic Site in Puerto Rico (c); Chaco Culture (c); Hawaii Volcanoes National Park (n); Taos Pueblo (c); Carlsbad Caverns National Park (n); Waterton Glacier International Peace Park (n);  Moravian Church Settlements (c); San Antonio Missions (c);Hopewell Ceremonial Earthworks (c)

" + "text": "

Yellowstone National Park (n); Grand Canyon National Park (n); Cahokia Mounds State Historic Site (c); Independence Hall (c); Statue of Liberty (c); Yosemite National Park (n); Papahānaumokuākea (m); Monumental Earthworks of Poverty Point (c); The 20th-Century Architecture of Frank Lloyd Wright (c); Mesa Verde National Park (c); Mammoth Cave National Park (n); Monticello and the University of Virginia in Charlottesville (c); Olympic National Park (n); Everglades National Park (n); Kluane / Wrangell-St. Elias / Glacier Bay / Tatshenshini-Alsek (n); Redwood National and State Parks (n); Great Smoky Mountains National Park (n); La Fortaleza and San Juan National Historic Site in Puerto Rico (c); Chaco Culture (c); Hawaii Volcanoes National Park (n); Taos Pueblo (c); Carlsbad Caverns National Park (n); Waterton Glacier International Peace Park (n); Moravian Church Settlements (c); San Antonio Missions (c); Hopewell Ceremonial Earthworks (c)

" } } }, diff --git a/south-america/ar.json b/south-america/ar.json index 4c141f7e..5bfcd131 100644 --- a/south-america/ar.json +++ b/south-america/ar.json @@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ "text": "Guaraní Aquifer System" }, "Population distribution": { - "text": "one-third of the population lives in Buenos Aires; pockets of agglomeration occur throughout the northern and central parts of the country; Patagonia to the south remains sparsely populated" + "text": "one third of the population lives in Buenos Aires; pockets of agglomeration occur throughout the northern and central parts of the country; Patagonia to the south remains sparsely populated" }, "Natural hazards": { "text": "

San Miguel de Tucumán and Mendoza areas in the Andes subject to earthquakes; pamperos are violent windstorms that can strike the pampas and northeast; heavy flooding in some areas

volcanism: volcanic activity in the Andes Mountains along the Chilean border; Copahue (2,997 m) last erupted in 2000; other historically active volcanoes include Llullaillaco, Maipo, Planchón-Peteroa, San José, Tromen, Tupungatito, and Viedma

" @@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ "text": "-0.1 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2024 est.)" }, "Population distribution": { - "text": "one-third of the population lives in Buenos Aires; pockets of agglomeration occur throughout the northern and central parts of the country; Patagonia to the south remains sparsely populated" + "text": "one third of the population lives in Buenos Aires; pockets of agglomeration occur throughout the northern and central parts of the country; Patagonia to the south remains sparsely populated" }, "Urbanization": { "urban population": { @@ -576,10 +576,16 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by qualified majority vote (to win, a candidate must receive at least 45% of votes or 40% of votes and a 10-point lead over the second place candidate; if neither occurs, a second round is held ); the president serves a 4-year term (eligible for a second consecutive term); election last held on 22 October 2023 with a runoff held 19 November 2023 (next to be held in October 2027)" + "text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by qualified majority vote (to win, a candidate must receive at least 45% of votes, or 40% of votes and a 10-point lead over the second-place candidate; if neither occurs, a second round is held); the president serves a 4-year term (eligible for a second consecutive term)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "22 October 2023, with a runoff held 19 November 2023" }, "election results": { "text": "
2023: Javier Gerardo MILEI elected president in second round; percent vote in first round - Sergio Tomás MASSA (FR) 36.7%, Javier Gerardo MILEI (PL) 30%, Patricia BULLRICH 23.8% (JxC/PRO), Juan SCHIARETTI (PJ) 6.8%, Myriam BREGMAN (PTS) 2.7%; percent of vote in second round - Javier Gerardo MILEI 55.7%, Sergio Tomás MASSA 44.3%

2019: Alberto Ángel FERNÁNDEZ elected president; percent of vote - Alberto Angel FERNÁNDEZ (TODOS) 48.1%, Mauricio MACRI (PRO) 40.4%, Roberto LAVAGNA (independent) 6.2%, other 5.3%" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "October 2027" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -717,7 +723,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "Sun of May (a sun-with-face symbol)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "sky blue, white" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/south-america/bl.json b/south-america/bl.json index ad34270e..53ac733a 100644 --- a/south-america/bl.json +++ b/south-america/bl.json @@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ "text": "Amazon Basin" }, "Population distribution": { - "text": "a high altitude plain in the west between two cordillera of the Andes, known as the Altiplano, is the focal area for most of the population; a dense settlement pattern is also found in and around the city of Santa Cruz, located on the eastern side of the Andes" + "text": "a high-altitude plain in the west between two cordillera of the Andes, known as the Altiplano, is the focal area for most of the population; a dense settlement pattern is also found in and around the city of Santa Cruz, located on the eastern side of the Andes" }, "Natural hazards": { "text": "

flooding in the northeast (March to April)

volcanism: volcanic activity in Andes Mountains on the border with Chile; historically active volcanoes in this region are Irruputuncu (5,163 m), which last erupted in 1995, and the Olca-Paruma volcanic complex (5,762 m to 5,167 m)

" @@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ "text": "-1 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2024 est.)" }, "Population distribution": { - "text": "a high altitude plain in the west between two cordillera of the Andes, known as the Altiplano, is the focal area for most of the population; a dense settlement pattern is also found in and around the city of Santa Cruz, located on the eastern side of the Andes" + "text": "a high-altitude plain in the west between two cordillera of the Andes, known as the Altiplano, is the focal area for most of the population; a dense settlement pattern is also found in and around the city of Santa Cruz, located on the eastern side of the Andes" }, "Urbanization": { "urban population": { @@ -561,11 +561,17 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot one of 3 ways: candidate wins at least 50% of the vote, or at least 40% of the vote and 10% more than the next highest candidate; otherwise a second round is held and the winner determined by simple majority vote; president and vice president are elected by majority vote to serve a 5-year term; no term limits (changed from two-consecutive-term limit by Constitutional Court in late 2017); election last held on 18 October 2020 (next to be held in October 2025)" + "text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot one of 3 ways: candidate wins at least 50% of the vote, or at least 40% of the vote and 10% more than the next highest candidate; otherwise, a second round is held and the winner determined by simple majority vote; president and vice president are elected by majority vote to serve a 5-year term; no term limits" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "18 October 2020" }, "election results": { "text": "
2020: Luis Alberto ARCE Catacora elected president; percent of vote - Luis Alberto ARCE Catacora (MAS) 55.1%; Carlos Diego MESA Gisbert (CC) 28.8%; Luis Fernando CAMACHO Vaca (Creemos) 14%; other 2.1%

2019: Juan Evo MORALES Ayma reelected president; percent of vote - Juan Evo MORALES Ayma (MAS) 61%; Samuel DORIA MEDINA Arana (UN) 24.5%; Jorge QUIROGA Ramirez (POC) 9.1%; other 5.4%" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "17 August 2025 (a runoff, if needed, will take place on 19 October 2025)" + }, "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government

note: elections were held in successive years in 2019 and 2020 because Juan Evo MORALES resigned from office on 10 November 2019 over alleged election rigging; Jeanine ANEZ Chavez served as interim president until the 8 November 2020 inauguration of Luis Alberto ARCE Catacora, who won the 18 October 2020 presidential election" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -706,7 +712,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "llama, Andean condor; two national flowers, the cantuta and the patuju" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, yellow, green" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/south-america/br.json b/south-america/br.json index 750be6c0..b1a7abb6 100644 --- a/south-america/br.json +++ b/south-america/br.json @@ -582,11 +582,17 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 4-year term (eligible for a single consecutive term and additional terms after at least one term has elapsed); election last held on 2 October 2022 with runoff on 30 October 2022 (next to be held on 4 October 2026)" + "text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 4-year term (eligible for a single consecutive term and additional terms after at least one term has elapsed)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "2 October 2022, with runoff on 30 October 2022" }, "election results": { "text": "
2022: Luiz Inácio LULA da Silva elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Luiz Inácio LULA da Silva (PT) 48.4%, Jair BOLSONARO (PSL) 43.2%, Simone Nassar TEBET (MDB) 4.2%, Ciro GOMES (PDT) 3%, other 1.2%; percent of vote in second round - Luiz Inácio LULA da Silva (PT) 50.9%, Jair BOLSONARO (PSL) 49.1%

2018: Jair BOLSONARO elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Jair BOLSONARO (PSL) 46%, Fernando HADDAD (PT) 29.3%, Ciro GOMEZ (PDT) 12.5%, Geraldo ALCKMIN (PSDB) 4.8%, other 7.4%; percent of vote in second round - Jair BOLSONARO (PSL) 55.1%, Fernando HADDAD (PT) 44.9%" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "4 October 2026" + }, "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -731,7 +737,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "Southern Cross constellation" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "green, yellow, blue" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/south-america/ci.json b/south-america/ci.json index b326a5c8..9a2481a5 100644 --- a/south-america/ci.json +++ b/south-america/ci.json @@ -559,11 +559,17 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a single 4-year term; election last held on 21 November 2021 with a runoff held on 19 December 2021 (next to be held on 23 November 2025 with runoff, if needed, on 20 December)" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a single 4-year term" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "21 November 2021, with a runoff held on 19 December 2021" }, "election results": { "text": "
2021: Gabriel BORIC elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Jose Antonio KAST (FSC) 27.9%; Gabriel BORIC (AD) 25.8%; Franco PARISI (PDG) 12.8%; Sebastian SICHEL (ChP+) 12.8%; Yasna PROVOSTE (New Social Pact) 11.6%; other 9.1%; percent of vote in second round - Gabriel BORIC 55.9%; Jose Antonio KAST 44.1%

2017: Sebastian PINERA Echenique elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Sebastian PINERA Echenique (independent) 36.6%; Alejandro GUILLIER (independent) 22.7%; Beatriz SANCHEZ (independent) 20.3%; Jose Antonio KAST (independent) 7.9%; Carolina GOIC (PDC) 5.9%; Marco ENRIQUEZ-OMINAMI (PRO) 5.7%; other 0.9%; percent of vote in second round - Sebastian PINERA Echenique 54.6%, Alejandro GUILLIER 45.4%" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "23 November 2025 (a runoff, if needed, will take place on 20 December 2025)" + }, "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -702,7 +708,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "huemul (mountain deer), Andean condor" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white, blue" }, "National anthem": { @@ -719,7 +725,7 @@ "text": "7 (all cultural)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "Rapa Nui National Park; Churches of Chiloe; Historic Valparaiso; Humberstone and Santa Laura Saltpeter Works; Sewell Mining Town; Qhapaq Ñan/Andean Road System; Chinchorro archeological sites" + "text": "Rapa Nui National Park; Churches of Chiloe; Historic Valparaiso; Humberstone and Santa Laura Saltpeter Works; Sewell Mining Town; Qhapaq Ñan/Andean Road System; Chinchorro archeological sites" } } }, diff --git a/south-america/co.json b/south-america/co.json index fd1c8699..93d2e24c 100644 --- a/south-america/co.json +++ b/south-america/co.json @@ -561,11 +561,17 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed for a single 4-year term; election last held on 29 May 2022, with a runoff held on 19 June 2022 (next to be held on 31 May 2026)" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a single 4-year term" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "29 May 2022, with a runoff held on 19 June 2022" }, "election results": { "text": "
2022: Gustavo Francisco PETRO Urrego elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Gustavo Francisco PETRO Urrego (PHxC) 40.3%, Rodolfo HERNÁNDEZ Suárez (LIGA) 28.2%, Federico GUTIÉRREZ Zuluaga (Team for Colombia / CREEMOS) 23.9%, other 7.6%; percent of vote in second round - Gustavo Francisco PETRO Urrego 50.4%, Rodolfo HERNÁNDEZ Suarez 47.3%, blank 2.3%

2018: Iván DUQUE Márquez elected president in second round; percent of vote - Iván DUQUE Márquez (CD) 54%, Gustavo Francisco PETRO Urrego (Humane Colombia) 41.8%, other/blank/invalid 4.2%" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "31 May 2026" + }, "note": "note 1: the president is both chief of state and head of government

note 2: reforms in 2015 eliminated presidential reelection" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -705,7 +711,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "Andean condor" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "yellow, blue, red" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/south-america/ec.json b/south-america/ec.json index 9e03b5bd..64bc59b7 100644 --- a/south-america/ec.json +++ b/south-america/ec.json @@ -565,11 +565,17 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 9 February 2025 with a runoff on 13 April 2025 (next to be held 28 February 2029)" + "text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "9 February 2025, with a runoff on 13 April 2025" }, "election results": { "text": "
2025: Daniel NOBOA Azin reelected president; percent of vote in the first round - Daniel NOBOA Azin (ADN) 44.2%, Luisa GONZÁLEZ Alcivar (MRC) 44%, Leonidas IZA (MUPP) 5.3%, other 6.5%; percent of vote in the second round - Daniel NOBOA Azin 55.6%, Luisa GONZÁLEZ Alcivar 44.4%

2023: Daniel NOBOA Azin elected president; percent of vote in the first round - Luisa GONZÁLEZ Alcivar (MRC) 33.6%, Daniel NOBOA Azin (ADN) 23.5%, Christian Gustavo ZURITA Ron (Construye) 16.4%, Jan Tomislav TOPIĆ Feraud (Por Un País Sin Miedo) 14.7%, Otto Ramón SONNENHOLZNER Sper (Avanza) 7.1%, other 4.7%; percent of vote in the second round - Daniel NOBOA Azin 51.8%, Luisa GONZÁLEZ Alcivar 48.2%

2021: Guillermo LASSO Mendoza elected president; percent of vote in the first round - Andres ARAUZ (UNES) 32.7%, Guillermo LASSO Mendoza (CREO) 19.7%, Yaku PEREZ Guartambel (MUPP) 19.4%, Xavier HERVAS Mora (ID) 15.7%, other 12.5%; percent of vote in the second round - Guillermo LASSO Mendoza (CREO) 52.5%, Andres ARAUZ (UNES) 47.5%" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "28 February 2029" + }, "note": "note 1: the president is both chief of state and head of government

note 2: though eligible for a second term, former president Guillermo LASSO announced that he would not run in the 2023 election; President Daniel NOBOA Azin is serving out the remainder of the presidential term (2021–2025)" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -675,7 +681,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "Andean condor" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "yellow, blue, red" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/south-america/fk.json b/south-america/fk.json index a63b9ed8..054d5b26 100644 --- a/south-america/fk.json +++ b/south-america/fk.json @@ -322,7 +322,7 @@ "text": "Executive Council elected by the Legislative Council" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; chief executive appointed by the governor" + "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; monarch appoints the governor, who appoints the chief executive" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -392,7 +392,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "ram" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white, blue" }, "National coat of arms": { diff --git a/south-america/gy.json b/south-america/gy.json index 4fd2fdad..39523adb 100644 --- a/south-america/gy.json +++ b/south-america/gy.json @@ -545,11 +545,17 @@ "text": "Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president, responsible to the National Assembly" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "the predesignated candidate of the winning party in the last National Assembly election becomes president for a 5-year term (no term limits); election last held on 2 March 2020 (next to be held in 2025); prime minister appointed by the president" + "text": "the predesignated candidate of the winning party in the last National Assembly election becomes president for a 5-year term (no term limits); prime minister appointed by the president" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "2 March 2020" }, "election results": { "text": "
2020: Mohammed Irfaan ALI (PPP/C) designated president by the majority party in the National Assembly

2015: David GRANGER (APNU-AFC) designated president by the majority party in the National Assembly" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2025" + }, "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -656,11 +662,11 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "Canje pheasant (hoatzin), jaguar, Victoria Regia water lily" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, yellow, green, black, white" }, "National coat of arms": { - "text": "

Guyana’s coat of arms was adopted in 1966, the year of the country’s independence from the United Kingdom. The jaguars signify strength and resilience, with one holding a pickaxe that stands for labor and the other holding stalks of rice and sugarcane for agriculture. Two national symbols, the Canje pheasant and the Victorian lily, are on the shield, with the national motto underneath. Three wavy blue lines stand for the Essequibo, Demerara, and Berbice rivers, the headdress for the country’s ethnic groups, and the diamonds for the mining industry. The helmet is a symbol of past UK rule in Guyana.

" + "text": "

Guyana’s coat of arms was adopted in 1966, the year of the country’s independence from the United Kingdom; the jaguars signify strength and resilience, with one holding a pickaxe that stands for labor and the other holding stalks of rice and sugarcane for agriculture; two national symbols, the Canje pheasant and the Victorian lily, are on the shield, with the national motto underneath; three wavy blue lines stand for the Essequibo, Demerara, and Berbice rivers, the headdress for the country’s ethnic groups, and the diamonds for the mining industry; the helmet is a symbol of past UK rule in Guyana

" }, "National anthem": { "name": { diff --git a/south-america/ns.json b/south-america/ns.json index ea5c0934..4cb26244 100644 --- a/south-america/ns.json +++ b/south-america/ns.json @@ -521,10 +521,16 @@ "text": "Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president and vice president indirectly elected by the National Assembly; president and vice president serve a 5-year term (no term limits); election last held on 13 July 2020 (next to be held in May 2025)" + "text": "president and vice president indirectly elected by the National Assembly; president and vice president serve a 5-year term (no term limits)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "13 July 2020" }, "election results": { - "text": "
2020: Chandrikapersad \"Chan\" SANTOKHI elected president unopposed; National Assembly vote - NA

2015: Desire Delano BOUTERSE reelected president unopposed; National Assembly vote - NA" + "text": "
2025: official National Assembly vote pending

2020: Chandrikapersad \"Chan\" SANTOKHI elected president unopposed; National Assembly vote - NA

2015: Desire Delano BOUTERSE reelected president unopposed; National Assembly vote - NA" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2025" }, "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, @@ -627,7 +633,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "royal palm, faya lobi (flower)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "green, white, red, yellow" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/south-america/pa.json b/south-america/pa.json index caded4dc..4b0c9177 100644 --- a/south-america/pa.json +++ b/south-america/pa.json @@ -538,11 +538,17 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by simple majority popular vote for a single 5-year term; election last held on 30 April 2023 (next to be held in April 2028)" + "text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by simple-majority popular vote for a single 5-year term" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "30 April 2023" }, "election results": { "text": "
2023: Santiago PEÑA Palacios elected president; percent of vote - Santiago PEÑA Palacios (ANR) 43.9%, Efraín ALEGRE (PLRA) 28.3%, Paraguayo \"Payo\" CUBAS Colomés (PCN) 23.6%, other 4.2%

2018: Mario ABDO BENÍTEZ elected president; percent of vote - Mario ABDO BENÍTEZ (ANR) 49%, Efraín ALEGRE (PLRA) 45.1%, other 5.9%" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "April 2028" + }, "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -682,7 +688,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "lion" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white, blue" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/south-america/pe.json b/south-america/pe.json index 4cab6aa5..53858acc 100644 --- a/south-america/pe.json +++ b/south-america/pe.json @@ -580,11 +580,17 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for nonconsecutive terms); election last held on 11 April 2021, with a runoff on 6 June 2021 (next to be held in April 2026)" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for nonconsecutive terms)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "11 April 2021, with a runoff on 6 June 2021" }, "election results": { "text": "
2021: Jose Pedro CASTILLO Terrones elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Jose Pedro CASTILLO Terrones (PL) 18.9%, Keiko Sofia FUJIMORI Higuchi (FP) 13.4%, Rafael LOPEZ ALIAGA Cazorla (RP) 11.8%, Hernando DE SOTO Polar (Social Integration Party) 11.6%, Yonhy LESCANO Ancieta (AP) 9.1%, Veronika MENDOZA Frisch (JP) 7.9%, Cesar ACUNA Peralta (APP) 6%, George FORSYTH Sommer (VN) 5.7%, Daniel Belizario URRESTI Elera (PP) 5.6%, other 10%; percent of vote second round - Jose Pedro CASTILLO Terrones 50.1%, Keiko Sofia FUJIMORI Higuchi 49.9%

2016: Pedro Pablo KUCZYNSKI Godard elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Keiko FUJIMORI Higuchi (FP) 39.9%, Pedro Pablo KUCZYNSKI Godard (PPK) 21.1%, Veronika MENDOZA (FA) 18.7%, Alfredo BARNECHEA (AP) 7%, Alan GARCIA (APRA) 5.8%, other 7.5%; percent of vote in second round - Pedro Pablo KUCZYNSKI Godard 50.1%, Keiko FUJIMORI Higuchi 49.9%" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "12 April 2026" + }, "note": "note 1: First Vice President Dina Ercilia BOLUARTE Zegarra assumed the office of the president on 7 December 2022 after President Jose Pedro CASTILLO Terrones was impeached and arrested; BOLUARTE is the first woman to become president of Peru

note 2: Prime Minister Eduardo ARANA Ysa (since 14 May 2025) does not exercise executive power; this power rests with the president; on 13 May 2025, Prime Minister Gustavo ADRIANZÉN resigned ahead of a censure vote

note 3: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -688,7 +694,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "vicuna (a camelid related to the llama)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/south-america/uy.json b/south-america/uy.json index 4174902b..19789ae2 100644 --- a/south-america/uy.json +++ b/south-america/uy.json @@ -570,11 +570,17 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president with approval of the General Assembly" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for nonconsecutive terms); election last held on 27 October 2024 with a runoff on 24 November 2024 (next to be held on 28 October 2029 and a runoff, if needed, on 25 November 2029)" + "text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute-majority vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for nonconsecutive terms)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "27 October 2024, with a runoff on 24 November 2024" }, "election results": { "text": "
2024: Yamandú ORSI Martínez elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Yamandú ORSI Martínez (FA) 46.2%, Álvaro Luis DELGADO Ceretta (PN) 28.2%, Andrés OJEDA Ojeda Spitz (PC) 16.9%, other 8.7%; percent of vote in second round - Yamandú ORSI Martínez 52.1%, Álvaro Luis DELGADO Ceretta 47.9%

2019: Luis Alberto LACALLE POU elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Daniel MARTINEZ (FA) 40.7%, Luis Alberto LACALLE POU (PN) 29.7%, Ernesto TALVI (Colorado Party) 12.8%, Guido MANINI RIOS (Open Cabildo) 11.3%, other 5.5%; percent of vote in second round - Luis Alberto LACALLE POU 50.6%, Daniel MARTINEZ 49.4%" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "28 October 2029, with a runoff, if needed, on 25 November 2029" + }, "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -713,7 +719,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "Sun of May (a sun-with-face symbol)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, white, yellow" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/south-america/ve.json b/south-america/ve.json index 310273c1..9f1495e3 100644 --- a/south-america/ve.json +++ b/south-america/ve.json @@ -530,11 +530,17 @@ "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 6-year term (no term limits); election last held on 28 July 2024 (next to be held in 2030)" + "text": "president directly elected by simple-majority popular vote for a 6-year term (no term limits)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "28 July 2024" }, "election results": { "text": "
2024: official results disputed; Nicolas MADURO Moros was declared the winner by the MADURO-controlled National Electoral Council; percent of vote - Nicolas MADURO Moros (PSUV) 52%, Edmundo GONZÁLEZ Urrutia (Independent) 43.2%, Luis Eduardo MARTÍNEZ (AD) 1.2%, other 3.6%

2018: Nicolas MADURO Moros reelected president; percent of vote - Nicolas MADURO Moros (PSUV) 67.9%, Henri FALCON (AP) 20.9%, Javier BERTUCCI 10.8%" }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2030" + }, "note": "note 1: the president is both chief of state and head of government

note 2: the United States recognizes that Edmundo GONZÁLEZ won the most votes in the 28 July 2024 presidential election because of overwhelming evidence, including more than 80% of the tally sheets received directly from polling stations that indicated GONZÁLEZ received the most votes by an insurmountable margin" }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -616,7 +622,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "troupial (bird)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "yellow, blue, red" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/south-asia/af.json b/south-asia/af.json index a7e68aa2..66a387dd 100644 --- a/south-asia/af.json +++ b/south-asia/af.json @@ -557,7 +557,10 @@ "text": "the Taliban have announced a “cabinet” for the “caretaker government,” including the “acting prime minister,” “acting deputy prime ministers,” and “ministers” who claim to represent 26 ministries" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "the 2004 Afghan constitution directed that the president should be elected by majority popular vote for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 28 September 2019, and the Taliban have given no indication that they intend to reinstate elections or any other mechanism of democratic governance" + "text": "the 2004 Afghan constitution directed that the president should be elected by majority popular vote for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); the Taliban have given no indication that they intend to reinstate elections or any other mechanism of democratic governance" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "28 September 2019" }, "note": "note: the United States has not yet made a decision whether to recognize the Taliban or any other entity as the government of Afghanistan" }, @@ -599,7 +602,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "lion" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, green, black" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/south-asia/bg.json b/south-asia/bg.json index faec9f1b..0a39ba6d 100644 --- a/south-asia/bg.json +++ b/south-asia/bg.json @@ -557,10 +557,16 @@ "text": "Cabinet selected by the prime minister, appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president indirectly elected by the National Parliament for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 13 February 2023 (next to be held by 2028); the president appoints as prime minister the majority party leader in the National Parliament" + "text": "president indirectly elected by the National Parliament for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); the president appoints as prime minister the majority party leader in the National Parliament" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "13 February 2023" }, "election results": { "text": "President Mohammad Shahabuddin CHUPPI (AL) elected unopposed by the National Parliament; Sheikh HASINA reappointed prime minister for a fifth term following the 7 January 2024 parliamentary election" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2028" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -638,7 +644,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "Bengal tiger, water lily" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "green, red" }, "National coat of arms": { diff --git a/south-asia/bt.json b/south-asia/bt.json index 25662187..27658d5a 100644 --- a/south-asia/bt.json +++ b/south-asia/bt.json @@ -629,7 +629,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "mythical thunder dragon (druk)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "orange, yellow" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/south-asia/ce.json b/south-asia/ce.json index de7fba12..58db7f72 100644 --- a/south-asia/ce.json +++ b/south-asia/ce.json @@ -543,10 +543,16 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president in consultation with the prime minister" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by preferential majority popular vote for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 21 September 2024 (next to be held in 2029); prime minister appointed by the president" + "text": "president directly elected by preferential majority popular vote for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister appointed by the president" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "21 September 2024" }, "election results": { "text": "
2024: Anura Kumara DISSANAYAKE elected president; percent of vote after reallocation - Anura Kumara DISSANAYAKE (JVP) 55.9%, Sajith PREMADASA (SJB) 44.1%

2022: Ranil WICKREMESINGHE elected president by Parliament on 20 July 2022; Parliament vote - WICKREMESINGHE (UNP) 134, Dullas ALAHAPPERUMA (SLPP) 82" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2029" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -653,7 +659,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "lion, water lily" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "maroon, yellow" }, "National anthem": { @@ -730,18 +736,6 @@ }, "note": "note: annual % change based on consumer prices" }, - "Credit ratings": { - "Fitch rating": { - "text": "CCC (2020)" - }, - "Moody's rating": { - "text": "Caa1 (2020)" - }, - "Standard & Poors rating": { - "text": "CCC+ (2020)" - }, - "note": "note: The year refers to the year in which the current credit rating was first obtained." - }, "GDP - composition, by sector of origin": { "agriculture": { "text": "8.3% (2023 est.)" diff --git a/south-asia/in.json b/south-asia/in.json index 1b6bff7f..fdeff30c 100644 --- a/south-asia/in.json +++ b/south-asia/in.json @@ -580,10 +580,16 @@ "text": "Union Council of Ministers recommended by the prime minister, appointed by the president" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president indirectly elected by an electoral college consisting of elected members of both houses of Parliament for a 5-year term (no term limits); election last held on 18 July 2022 (next to be held in July 2027); vice president indirectly elected by an electoral college consisting of elected members of both houses of Parliament for a 5-year term (no term limits); election last held on 5 August 2022 (next to be held in August 2027); following legislative elections, the prime minister is elected by Lok Sabha members of the majority party" + "text": "president indirectly elected for a 5-year term (no term limits) by an electoral college consisting of elected members of both houses of Parliament; vice president indirectly elected for a 5-year term (no term limits) by an electoral college consisting of elected members of both houses of Parliament; following legislative elections, the prime minister is elected by Lok Sabha members of the majority party" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "president: 18 July 2022

vice president: 5 August 2022" }, "election results": { "text": "
2022: Droupadi MURMU elected president; percent of electoral college vote - Droupadi MURMU (BJP) 64%, Yashwant SINHA (AITC) 35.9%; Jagdeep DHANKHAR elected vice president; percent of electoral college vote - Jagdeep DHANKHAR (BJP) 74.4%, Margaret ALVA (INC) 25.6%

2017: Ram Nath KOVIND elected president; percent of electoral college vote - Ram Nath KOVIND (BJP) 65.6%, Meira KUMAR (INC) 34.4%; Venkaiah NAIDU elected vice president; percent of electoral college vote - Venkaiah NAIDU (BJP) 67.9%, Gopal-krishna GANDHI 32.1%" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "president: July 2027

vice president: August 2027" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -720,7 +726,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "the Lion Capital of Ashoka, which depicts four Asiatic lions standing back-to-back and mounted on a circular abacus (official); Bengal tiger and lotus flower (traditional)" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "saffron, white, green" }, "National anthem": { @@ -737,7 +743,7 @@ "text": "43 (35 cultural, 7 natural, 1 mixed)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "

Taj Mahal (c); Red Fort Complex (c); Elphanta Caves (c); Hill Forts of Rajasthan (c); Sundarbans National Park (n); Rock Shelters of Bhimbetka (c); Champaner-Pavagadh Archaeological Park (c); Dholavira: A Harappan City (c); Jaipur (c); Mahabodhi Temple Complex at Bodh Gaya (c); Manas Wildlife Sanctuary (n); Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers National Parks (n); Khangchendzonga National Park (m); Group of Monuments at Mahabalipuram (c); Sun Temple, Konârak (c); Kaziranga National Park (n); Keoladeo National Park (n); Churches and Convents of Goa (c); Fatehpur Sikri (c); Group of Monuments at Hampi (c); Khajuraho Group of Monuments (c); Great Living Chola Temples (c); Group of Monuments at Pattadakal (c); Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi (c); Humayun's Tomb, Delhi (c); Qutb Minar and its Monuments, Delhi (c); Mountain Railways of India (c); Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (formerly Victoria Terminus) (c); The Jantar Mantar, Jaipur (c); Western Ghats (n); Great Himalayan National Park Conservation Area (n); Rani-ki-Vav (the Queen’s Stepwell) at Patan, Gujarat (c); Archaeological Site of Nalanda Mahavihara at Nalanda, Bihar (c); The Architectural Work of Le Corbusier, an Outstanding Contribution to the Modern Movement (c); Historic City of Ahmadabad (c); Victorian Gothic and Art Deco Ensembles of Mumbai (c); Jaipur City, Rajasthan (c); Kakatiya Rudreshwara (Ramappa) Temple, Telangana (c); Sacred Ensembles of the Hoysalas (c); Santiniketan (c);  Moidams – the Mound-Burial System of the Ahom Dynasty (c)

" + "text": "

Taj Mahal (c); Agra Fort (c); Elphanta Caves (c); Hill Forts of Rajasthan (c); Sundarbans National Park (n); Rock Shelters of Bhimbetka (c); Champaner-Pavagadh Archaeological Park (c); Jaipur (c); Mahabodhi Temple Complex at Bodh Gaya (c); Manas Wildlife Sanctuary (n); Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers National Parks (n); Khangchendzonga National Park (m); Group of Monuments at Mahabalipuram (c); Sun Temple, Konârak (c); Kaziranga National Park (n); Churches and Convents of Goa (c); Great Living Chola Temples (c); Group of Monuments at Pattadakal (c); Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi (c); Humayun's Tomb, Delhi (c); Qutb Minar and its Monuments, Delhi (c); Great Himalayan National Park Conservation Area (n); Rani-ki-Vav (the Queen’s Stepwell) at Patan, Gujarat (c); Archaeological Site of Nalanda Mahavihara at Nalanda, Bihar (c); Historic City of Ahmadabad (c); Victorian Gothic and Art Deco Ensembles of Mumbai (c); Jaipur City, Rajasthan (c); Kakatiya Rudreshwara (Ramappa) Temple, Telangana (c); Moidams – the Mound-Burial System of the Ahom Dynasty (c)

" } } }, diff --git a/south-asia/io.json b/south-asia/io.json index 5aa7562d..91458be7 100644 --- a/south-asia/io.json +++ b/south-asia/io.json @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ { "Introduction": { "Background": { - "text": "

Formerly administered as part of the British Crown Colony of Mauritius, the British Indian Ocean Territory (BIOT) was established as an overseas territory of the UK in 1965. A number of the islands in the territory were later transferred to the Seychelles when it gained independence in 1976. Subsequently, BIOT has consisted of the six main island groups that make up the Chagos Archipelago. Only Diego Garcia, the largest and most southerly of the islands, is inhabited. It contains a joint UK-US naval support facility and hosts one of four dedicated ground antennas that assist in the operation of the Global Positioning System (GPS) navigation system -- the others are on Kwajalein (Marshall Islands); at Cape Canaveral, Florida (US); and on Ascension Island (Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha). The US Air Force also operates a telescope array on Diego Garcia as part of the Ground-Based Electro-Optical Deep Space Surveillance System (GEODSS) for tracking orbital debris, which can be a hazard to spacecraft and astronauts.

Between 1967 and 1973, the former agricultural workers who lived on the islands were relocated, primarily to Mauritius but also to the Seychelles. Negotiations with the UK between 1971 and 1982 resulted in the establishment of a trust fund to compensate the displaced islanders, known as Chagossians. Beginning in 1998, the islanders pursued a series of lawsuits against the British Government, seeking further compensation and the right to return to the territory. British court rulings in 2006 and 2007 invalidated immigration policies that had excluded the islanders from the archipelago, but in 2008, the House of Lords -- the final court of appeal in the UK -- ruled in favor of the British Government by overturning the lower court rulings and finding no right of return for the Chagossians. In 2015, the Permanent Court of Arbitration unanimously held that the marine protected area that the UK declared around the Chagos Archipelago in 2010 violated the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea.

In 2019, the International Court of Justice ruled in an advisory opinion that Britain’s decolonization of Mauritius was not lawful because of continued Chagossian claims. A non-binding 2019 UN General Assembly vote demanded that Britain end its “colonial administration” of the Chagos Archipelago and that it be returned to Mauritius. UK officials continue to defend Britain's sovereignty over the islands and argue that the issue is a bilateral dispute between Mauritius and the UK that does not warrant international intervention. 


" + "text": "

Formerly administered as part of the British Crown Colony of Mauritius, the British Indian Ocean Territory (BIOT) was established as an overseas territory of the UK in 1965. A number of the islands in the territory were later transferred to the Seychelles when it gained independence in 1976. Subsequently, BIOT has consisted of the six main island groups that make up the Chagos Archipelago. Only Diego Garcia, the largest and most southerly of the islands, is inhabited. It contains a joint UK-US naval support facility and hosts one of four dedicated ground antennas that assist in the operation of the Global Positioning System (GPS) navigation system -- the others are on Kwajalein (Marshall Islands); at Cape Canaveral, Florida (US); and on Ascension Island (Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha). The US Air Force also operates a telescope array on Diego Garcia as part of the Ground-Based Electro-Optical Deep Space Surveillance System (GEODSS) for tracking orbital debris, which can be a hazard to spacecraft and astronauts.

Between 1967 and 1973, the former agricultural workers who lived on the islands were relocated, primarily to Mauritius but also to the Seychelles. Negotiations with the UK between 1971 and 1982 resulted in the establishment of a trust fund to compensate the displaced islanders, known as Chagossians. Beginning in 1998, the islanders pursued a series of lawsuits against the British Government, seeking further compensation and the right to return to the territory. British court rulings in 2006 and 2007 invalidated immigration policies that had excluded the islanders from the archipelago, but in 2008, the House of Lords -- the final court of appeal in the UK -- ruled in favor of the British Government by overturning the lower court rulings and finding no right of return for the Chagossians. In 2015, the Permanent Court of Arbitration unanimously held that the marine protected area that the UK declared around the Chagos Archipelago in 2010 violated the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea.

In 2019, the International Court of Justice ruled in an advisory opinion that Britain’s decolonization of Mauritius was not lawful because of continued Chagossian claims. A non-binding 2019 UN General Assembly vote demanded that Britain end its “colonial administration” of the Chagos Archipelago and that it be returned to Mauritius. On 22 May 2025, the United Kingdom and Mauritius signed an agreement that will lead to the transfer of sovereignty of the Chagos Archipelago to Mauritius. Under the agreement, the United Kingdom will lease Diego Garcia from Mauritius for 99 years and maintain full operational control of the joint UK-US military base.

" } }, "Geography": { @@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ "text": "tropical marine; hot, humid, moderated by trade winds" }, "Terrain": { - "text": "flat and low coral atolls (most areas do not exceed two m in elevation); sits atop the submarine volcanic Chagos-Laccadive Ridge" + "text": "flat and low coral atolls (most areas do not exceed 2 m, or 6.6 ft, in elevation); sits atop the submarine volcanic Chagos-Laccadive Ridge" }, "Elevation": { "highest point": { @@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ "text": "no regular military forces" }, "Military - note": { - "text": "defense is the responsibility of the UK; in November 2016, the UK extended the US lease on Diego Garcia until December 2036" + "text": "defense is the responsibility of the UK; on 22 May 2025, the United Kingdom and Mauritius signed an agreement that will lead to the transfer of sovereignty of the Chagos Archipelago to Mauritius; under the agreement, the United Kingdom will lease Diego Garcia from Mauritius for 99 years and maintain full operational control of the joint UK-US military base" } }, "Transnational Issues": { diff --git a/south-asia/mv.json b/south-asia/mv.json index b8c9228e..95764b7b 100644 --- a/south-asia/mv.json +++ b/south-asia/mv.json @@ -534,10 +534,16 @@ "text": "Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president, approved by People's Majlis" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); first round held on 9 September 2023 and runoff held on 30 September 2023 (next to be held in 2028)" + "text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "9 September 2023, with runoff on 30 September 2023" }, "election results": { "text": "
2023: Mohamed MUIZZU elected president in the second round; percent of vote in first round - Mohamed MUIZZU (PNC) 46.1%, Ibrahim Mohamed SOLIH (MDP) 39.1%, Ilyas LABEEB (DEMS) 7.1%, other 7.7%; percent of vote in the second round - Mohamed MUIZZU 54%, Ibrahim Mohamed SOLIH 46%

2018: Ibrahim Mohamed SOLIH elected president in first round; Ibrahim Mohamed SOLIH (MDP) 58.3%, Abdulla YAMEEN Abdul Gayoom (PPM) 41.7%" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2028" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -632,7 +638,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "coconut palm, yellowfin tuna" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red, green, white" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/south-asia/np.json b/south-asia/np.json index cf767b6a..988c7eba 100644 --- a/south-asia/np.json +++ b/south-asia/np.json @@ -544,13 +544,19 @@ "text": "Prime Minister Khadga Prasad Sharma OLI (since 15 July 2024)" }, "cabinet": { - "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister; cabinet split between Nepali Congress, Communist Party of Nepal-Maoist Centre, and various coalition partners" + "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister; cabinet positions shared among Nepali Congress, Communist Party of Nepal-Maoist Centre, and various coalition partners" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president indirectly elected by an electoral college of the Federal Parliament and of the state assemblies for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 9 March 2023 (next to be held in 2028)" + "text": "president indirectly elected by an electoral college of the Federal Parliament and the state assemblies for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term)" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "9 March 2023" }, "election results": { - "text": "
2023: Ram Chandra POUDEL elected president; electoral college vote - Ram Chandra POUDEL (NC) 33,802, Subash Chandra NEMBANG (CPN-UML) 15,518

2018: Bidhya Devi BHANDARI reelected president; electoral vote - Bidhya Devi BHANDARI (CPN-UML) 39,275, Kumari Laxmi RAI (NC) 11,730 " + "text": "
2023: Ram Chandra POUDEL elected president; electoral college vote - Ram Chandra POUDEL (NC) 33,802, Subash Chandra NEMBANG (CPN-UML) 15,518

2018: Bidhya Devi BHANDARI reelected president; electoral vote - Bidhya Devi BHANDARI (CPN-UML) 39,275, Kumari Laxmi RAI (NC) 11,730" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2028" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -683,7 +689,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "rhododendron blossom" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "red" }, "National anthem": { diff --git a/south-asia/pk.json b/south-asia/pk.json index 90e41663..e6e0ee8d 100644 --- a/south-asia/pk.json +++ b/south-asia/pk.json @@ -572,10 +572,16 @@ "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister" }, "elections/appointments": { - "text": "president indirectly elected by the Electoral College consisting of members of the Senate, National Assembly, and provincial assemblies for a 5-year term (limited to 2 consecutive terms); election last held on 9 March 2024 (next to be held in 2029)" + "text": "president indirectly elected for a 5-year term (limited to 2 consecutive terms) by the Electoral College, which consists of members of the Senate, National Assembly, and provincial assemblies" + }, + "most recent election date": { + "text": "9 March 2024" }, "election results": { "text": "
2024: Asif Ali ZARDARI elected president; National Assembly vote - Asif Ali ZARDARI (PPP) 411 votes, Mehmood Khan ACHAKZALI (PMAP) 181 votes; Shahbaz SHARIF elected prime minister; National Assembly vote - Shahbaz SHARIF (PML-N) 201, Omar AYUB (PTI) 92

2018: Arif ALVI elected president; Electoral College vote - Arif ALVI (PTI) 352, Fazl-ur-REHMAN (MMA) 184, Aitzaz AHSAN (PPP) 124; Imran KHAN elected prime minister; National Assembly vote - Imran KHAN (PTI) 176, Shehbaz SHARIF (PML-N) 96" + }, + "expected date of next election": { + "text": "2029" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -712,7 +718,7 @@ "National symbol(s)": { "text": "five-pointed star between the horns of a waxing crescent moon, jasmine" }, - "National colors": { + "National color(s)": { "text": "green, white" }, "National anthem": { @@ -789,18 +795,6 @@ }, "note": "note: annual % change based on consumer prices" }, - "Credit ratings": { - "Fitch rating": { - "text": "B- (2018)" - }, - "Moody's rating": { - "text": "B3 (2015)" - }, - "Standard & Poors rating": { - "text": "B- (2019)" - }, - "note": "note: The year refers to the year in which the current credit rating was first obtained." - }, "GDP - composition, by sector of origin": { "agriculture": { "text": "23.3% (2023 est.)"