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Gerald Bauer
parent
780ac9e05b
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@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
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{
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"Introduction": {
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"Background": {
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"text": "A land of vast distances and rich natural resources, Canada became a self-governing dominion in 1867, while retaining ties to the British crown. Economically and technologically, the nation has developed in parallel with the US, its neighbor to the south across the world's longest unfortified border. Canada faces the political challenges of meeting public demands for quality improvements in health care, education, social services, and economic competitiveness, as well as responding to the particular concerns of predominantly francophone Quebec. Canada also aims to develop its diverse energy resources while maintaining its commitment to the environment."
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"text": "A land of vast distances and rich natural resources, Canada became a self-governing dominion in 1867, while retaining ties to the British crown. Economically and technologically, the nation has developed in parallel with the US, its neighbor to the south across the world's longest international border. Canada faces the political challenges of meeting public demands for quality improvements in health care, education, social services, and economic competitiveness, as well as responding to the particular concerns of predominantly francophone Quebec. Canada also aims to develop its diverse energy resources while maintaining its commitment to the environment."
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}
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},
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"Geography": {
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@ -62,12 +62,12 @@
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"Terrain": {
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"text": "mostly plains with mountains in west, lowlands in southeast"
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},
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"Elevation extremes": {
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"lowest point": {
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"text": "Atlantic Ocean 0 m"
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"Elevation": {
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"mean elevation": {
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"text": "487 m"
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},
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"highest point": {
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"text": "Mount Logan 5,959 m"
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"elevation extremes": {
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"text": "lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m ++ highest point: Mount Logan 5,959 m"
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}
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},
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"Natural resources": {
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@ -85,18 +85,10 @@
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}
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},
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"Irrigated land": {
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"text": "8,699 sq km (2004)"
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"text": "8,700 sq km (2012)"
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},
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"Total renewable water resources": {
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"text": "2,902 cu km (2011)"
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},
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"Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural)": {
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"total": {
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"text": "42.2 cu km/yr (20%/70%/10%)"
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},
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"per capita": {
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"text": "1,589 cu m/yr (2010)"
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}
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"Population - distribution": {
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"text": "vast majority of Canadians are positioned in a discontinuous band within approximately 300 km of the southern border with the United States; the most populated province is Ontario, followed by Quebec and British Columbia"
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},
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"Natural hazards": {
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"text": "continuous permafrost in north is a serious obstacle to development; cyclonic storms form east of the Rocky Mountains, a result of the mixing of air masses from the Arctic, Pacific, and North American interior, and produce most of the country's rain and snow east of the mountains",
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@ -120,6 +112,9 @@
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}
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},
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"People and Society": {
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"Population": {
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"text": "35,362,905 (July 2016 est.)"
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},
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"Nationality": {
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"noun": {
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"text": "Canadian(s)"
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@ -138,29 +133,23 @@
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"text": "English (official) 58.7%, French (official) 22%, Punjabi 1.4%, Italian 1.3%, Spanish 1.3%, German 1.3%, Cantonese 1.2%, Tagalog 1.2%, Arabic 1.1%, other 10.5% (2011 est.)"
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},
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"Religions": {
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"text": "Catholic 40.6% (includes Roman Catholic 38.8%, Orthodox 1.6%, other Catholic .2%), Protestant 20.3% (includes United Church 6.1%, Anglican 5%, Baptist 1.9%, Lutheran 1.5%, Pentecostal 1.5%, Presbyterian 1.4%, other Protestant 2.9%), other Christian 6.3%, Muslim 3.2%, Hindu 1.5%, Sikh 1.4%, Buddhist 1.1%, Jewish 1%, other 0.6%, none 23.9% (2011 est.)"
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},
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"Population": {
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"text": "35,099,836 (July 2015 est.)"
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"text": "Catholic 39% (includes Roman Catholic 38.8%, other Catholic .2%), Protestant 20.3% (includes United Church 6.1%, Anglican 5%, Baptist 1.9%, Lutheran 1.5%, Pentecostal 1.5%, Presbyterian 1.4%, other Protestant 2.9%), Orthodox 1.6%, other Christian 6.3%, Muslim 3.2%, Hindu 1.5%, Sikh 1.4%, Buddhist 1.1%, Jewish 1%, other 0.6%, none 23.9% (2011 est.)"
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},
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"Age structure": {
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"0-14 years": {
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"text": "15.46% (male 2,781,043/female 2,644,008)"
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"text": "15.44% (male 2,799,758/female 2,661,645)"
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},
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"15-24 years": {
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"text": "12.39% (male 2,236,425/female 2,111,681)"
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"text": "12.12% (male 2,204,127/female 2,080,587)"
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},
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"25-54 years": {
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"text": "40.69% (male 7,239,027/female 7,041,886)"
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"text": "40.32% (male 7,231,200/female 7,028,692)"
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},
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"55-64 years": {
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"text": "13.74% (male 2,389,423/female 2,433,621)"
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"text": "13.94% (male 2,443,452/female 2,484,788)"
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},
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"65 years and over": {
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"text": "17.73% (male 2,766,909/female 3,455,813) (2015 est.)"
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},
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"population pyramid": {
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"text": null
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"text": "18.18% (male 2,863,114/female 3,565,542) (2016 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Dependency ratios": {
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@ -179,26 +168,29 @@
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},
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"Median age": {
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"total": {
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"text": "41.8 years"
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"text": "42 years"
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},
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"male": {
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"text": "40.6 years"
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"text": "40.8 years"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "43.1 years (2015 est.)"
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"text": "43.3 years (2016 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Population growth rate": {
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"text": "0.75% (2015 est.)"
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"text": "0.74% (2016 est.)"
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},
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"Birth rate": {
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"text": "10.28 births/1,000 population (2015 est.)"
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"text": "10.3 births/1,000 population (2016 est.)"
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},
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"Death rate": {
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"text": "8.42 deaths/1,000 population (2015 est.)"
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"text": "8.5 deaths/1,000 population (2016 est.)"
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},
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"Net migration rate": {
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"text": "5.66 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2015 est.)"
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"text": "5.7 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2016 est.)"
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},
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"Population distribution": {
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"text": "vast majority of Canadians are positioned in a discontinuous band within approximately 300 km of the southern border with the United States; the most populated province is Ontario, followed by Quebec and British Columbia"
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},
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"Urbanization": {
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"urban population": {
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@ -231,39 +223,42 @@
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"text": "0.8 male(s)/female"
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},
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"total population": {
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"text": "0.98 male(s)/female (2015 est.)"
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"text": "0.98 male(s)/female (2016 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Mother's mean age at first birth": {
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"text": "28.1 (2011 est.)"
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},
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"Maternal mortality rate": {
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"text": "7 deaths/100,000 live births (2015 est.)"
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},
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"Infant mortality rate": {
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"total": {
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"text": "4.65 deaths/1,000 live births"
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"text": "4.6 deaths/1,000 live births"
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},
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"male": {
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"text": "4.97 deaths/1,000 live births"
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"text": "4.9 deaths/1,000 live births"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "4.3 deaths/1,000 live births (2015 est.)"
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"text": "4.3 deaths/1,000 live births (2016 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Life expectancy at birth": {
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"total population": {
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"text": "81.76 years"
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"text": "81.9 years"
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},
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"male": {
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"text": "79.15 years"
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"text": "79.2 years"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "84.52 years (2015 est.)"
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"text": "84.6 years (2016 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Total fertility rate": {
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"text": "1.59 children born/woman (2015 est.)"
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"text": "1.6 children born/woman (2016 est.)"
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},
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"Health expenditures": {
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"text": "10.9% of GDP (2013)"
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"text": "10.4% of GDP (2014)"
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},
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"Physicians density": {
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"text": "2.07 physicians/1,000 population (2010)"
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@ -304,13 +299,13 @@
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},
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"Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": {
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"total": {
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"text": "14.3%"
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"text": "13.5%"
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},
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"male": {
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"text": "15.9%"
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"text": "15%"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "12.6% (2012 est.)"
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"text": "11.9% (2014 est.)"
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}
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}
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},
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@ -322,12 +317,12 @@
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"conventional short form": {
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"text": "Canada"
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},
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"note": {
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"text": "the country name is derived from the St. Lawrence Iroquoian word \"kanata\" meaning village or settlement"
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"etymology": {
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"text": "the country name derives from the St. Lawrence Iroquoian word \"kanata\" meaning village or settlement"
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}
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},
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"Government type": {
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"text": "a parliamentary democracy, a federation, and a constitutional monarchy"
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"text": "federal parliamentary democracy (Parliament of Canada) under a constitutional monarchy; a Commonwealth realm"
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},
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"Capital": {
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"name": {
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@ -356,7 +351,7 @@
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"text": "Canada Day, 1 July (1867)"
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},
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"Constitution": {
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"text": "made up of unwritten and written acts, customs, judicial decisions, and traditions dating from 1763; the written part of the constitution consists of the Constitution Act of 29 March 1867, which created a federation of four provinces, and the Constitution Act of 17 April 1982; several amendments to the 1982 Constitution Act, last in 2011 (2015)"
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"text": "made up of unwritten and written acts, customs, judicial decisions, and traditions dating from 1763; the written part of the constitution consists of the Constitution Act of 29 March 1867, which created a federation of four provinces, and the Constitution Act of 17 April 1982; several amendments to the 1982 Constitution Act, last in 2011 (2016)"
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},
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"Legal system": {
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"text": "common law system except in Quebec, where civil law based on the French civil code prevails"
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@ -365,20 +360,26 @@
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"text": "accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction"
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},
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"Citizenship": {
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"birthright citizenship": {
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"text": ""
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"citizenship by birth": {
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"text": "yes"
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},
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"citizenship by descent": {
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"text": "yes"
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},
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"dual citizenship recognized": {
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"text": "yes"
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},
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"residency requirement for naturalization": {
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"text": ""
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"text": "3 years"
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}
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},
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"Suffrage": {
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"text": "18 years of age; universal"
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},
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"Executive branch": {
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"head of state": {
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"text": "Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor General David JOHNSTON (since 1 October 2010)"
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},
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"head of government": {
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"text": "Prime Minister Justin Pierre James TRUDEAU (Liberal Party) (since 4 November 2015)"
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},
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@ -402,17 +403,17 @@
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},
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"Judicial branch": {
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"highest court(s)": {
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"text": "Supreme Court of Canada (consists of the chief justice and 8 judges); note - in 1949, Canada finally abolished all appeals beyond its Supreme Court to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (in London)"
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"text": "Supreme Court of Canada (consists of the chief justice and 8 judges); note - in 1949, Canada abolished all appeals beyond its Supreme Court, which prior to that time, were heard by the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (in London)"
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},
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"judge selection and term of office": {
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"text": "chief justice and judges appointed by the prime minister in council; all judges appointed for life with mandatory retirement at age 75"
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},
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"subordinate courts": {
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"text": "federal level: Federal Court of Appeal; Federal Court; Tax Court; federal administrative tribunals; courts martial; provincial/territorial: provincial superior, appeals, first instance, and specialized courts; in 1999, the Nunavut Court - a circuit court with the power of a superior court and the territorial courts - was established to serve isolated settlements"
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"text": "subordinate courts: federal level: Federal Court of Appeal; Federal Court; Tax Court; federal administrative tribunals; courts martial; provincial/territorial level: provincial superior, appeals, first instance, and specialized courts; in 1999, the Nunavut Court - a circuit court with the power of a provincial superior court as well as a territorial court - was established to serve isolated settlements"
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}
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},
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"Political parties and leaders": {
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"text": "Bloc Quebecois [Rheal FORTIN (interim leader)] ++ Conservative Party of Canada [Rona AMBROSE (interim leader)] ++ Green Party [Elizabeth MAY] ++ Liberal Party [Justin TRUDEAU] ++ New Democratic Party or NDP [Thomas MULCAIR]"
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"text": "Bloc Quebecois [Rheal FORTIN (interim leader)] ++ Conservative Party of Canada or CPC [Rona AMBROSE (interim leader)] ++ Green Party [Elizabeth MAY] ++ Liberal Party [Justin TRUDEAU] ++ New Democratic Party or NDP [Thomas MULCAIR]"
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},
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"Political pressure groups and leaders": {
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"other": {
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@ -424,7 +425,7 @@
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},
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"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
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"chief of mission": {
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"text": "Ambassador Gary DOER (since 23 October 2009)"
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"text": "Ambassador David Brookes MACNAUGHTON (since 2 March 2016)"
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},
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"chancery": {
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"text": "501 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20001"
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@ -439,7 +440,7 @@
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"text": "Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Dallas, Denver, Detroit, Los Angeles, Miami, Minneapolis, New York, San Francisco/Silicon Valley, Seattle"
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},
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"trade office(s)": {
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"text": "Houston, Palo Alto (CA), San Diego"
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"text": "Houston, Palo Alto (CA), San Diego; note - there are trade offices in the Consulates General"
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}
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},
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"Diplomatic representation from the US": {
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@ -459,7 +460,7 @@
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"text": "[1] (613) 688-3082"
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},
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"consulate(s) general": {
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"text": "Calgary, Halifax, Montreal, Quebec City, Toronto, Vancouver, Winnipeg"
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"text": "Calgary, Halifax, Montreal, Quebec City, Toronto, Vancouver"
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}
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},
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"Flag description": {
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@ -482,47 +483,47 @@
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},
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"Economy": {
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"Economy - overview": {
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"text": "As a high-tech industrial society in the trillion-dollar class, Canada resembles the US in its market-oriented economic system, pattern of production, and high living standards. Since World War II, the impressive growth of the manufacturing, mining, and service sectors has transformed the nation from a largely rural economy into one primarily industrial and urban. The 1989 US-Canada Free Trade Agreement (FTA) and the 1994 North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) (which includes Mexico) touched off a dramatic increase in trade and economic integration with the US, its principal trading partner. Canada enjoys a substantial trade surplus with the US, which absorbs about three-fourths of Canadian merchandise exports each year. Canada is the US's largest foreign supplier of energy, including oil, gas, and electric power, and a top source of US uranium imports. Given its abundant natural resources, highly skilled labor force, and modern capital plant, Canada enjoyed solid economic growth from 1993 through 2007. Buffeted by the global economic crisis, the economy dropped into a sharp recession in the final months of 2008, and Ottawa posted its first fiscal deficit in 2009 after 12 years of surplus. Canada's major banks, however, emerged from the financial crisis of 2008-09 among the strongest in the world, owing to the early intervention by the Bank of Canada and the financial sector's tradition of conservative lending practices and strong capitalization. Canada achieved marginal growth in 2010-14 and plans to balance the budget by 2015 despite the recent drop in oil prices. In addition, the country's petroleum sector is rapidly expanding, because Alberta's oil sands significantly boosted Canada's proven oil reserves. Canada now ranks third in the world in proved oil reserves behind Saudi Arabia and Venezuela and is the world’s fifth-largest oil producer."
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"text": "As a high-tech industrial society in the trillion-dollar class, Canada resembles the US in its market-oriented economic system, pattern of production, and high living standards. Since World War II, the impressive growth of the manufacturing, mining, and service sectors has transformed the nation from a largely rural economy into one primarily industrial and urban. In addition, the country's petroleum sector is rapidly expanding, because Alberta's oil sands significantly boosted Canada's proven oil reserves. Canada now ranks third in the world in proved oil reserves behind Venezuela and Saudi Arabia and is the world’s fifth-largest oil producer. ++ ++ The 1989 US-Canada Free Trade Agreement and the 1994 North American Free Trade Agreement (which includes Mexico) touched off a dramatic increase in trade and economic integration with the US, its principal trading partner. Canada enjoys a substantial trade surplus with the US, which absorbs about three-fourths of Canadian merchandise exports each year. Canada is the US's largest foreign supplier of energy, including oil, gas, and electric power, and a top source of US uranium imports. ++ ++ Given its abundant natural resources, highly skilled labor force, and modern capital plant, Canada enjoyed solid economic growth from 1993 through 2007. Buffeted by the global economic crisis, the economy dropped into a sharp recession in the final months of 2008, and Ottawa posted its first fiscal deficit in 2009 after 12 years of surplus. Canada's major banks, however, emerged from the financial crisis of 2008-09 among the strongest in the world, owing to the early intervention by the Bank of Canada and the financial sector's tradition of conservative lending practices and strong capitalization. Canada achieved marginal growth in 2010-15, despite the recent drop in oil prices."
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},
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"GDP (purchasing power parity)": {
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"text": "$1.596 trillion (2014 est.) ++ $1.558 trillion (2013 est.) ++ $1.527 trillion (2012 est.)",
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"text": "$1.634 trillion (2015 est.) ++ $1.616 trillion (2014 est.) ++ $1.577 trillion (2013 est.)",
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"note": {
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"text": "data are in 2014 US dollars"
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"text": "data are in 2015 US dollars"
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}
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},
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"GDP (official exchange rate)": {
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"text": "$1.785 trillion (2014 est.)"
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"text": "$1.551 trillion (2015 est.)"
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},
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"GDP - real growth rate": {
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"text": "2.4% (2014 est.) ++ 2% (2013 est.) ++ 1.9% (2012 est.)"
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"text": "1.1% (2015 est.) ++ 2.5% (2014 est.) ++ 2.2% (2013 est.)"
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},
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"GDP - per capita (PPP)": {
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"text": "$45,000 (2014 est.) ++ $43,900 (2013 est.) ++ $43,000 (2012 est.)",
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"text": "$45,600 (2015 est.) ++ $45,500 (2014 est.) ++ $44,900 (2013 est.)",
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"note": {
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"text": "data are in 2014 US dollars"
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"text": "data are in 2015 US dollars"
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}
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},
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"Gross national saving": {
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"text": "21.9% of GDP (2014 est.) ++ 21.5% of GDP (2013 est.) ++ 21.6% of GDP (2012 est.)"
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"text": "20.4% of GDP (2015 est.) ++ 22% of GDP (2014 est.) ++ 21.5% of GDP (2013 est.)"
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},
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"GDP - composition, by end use": {
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"household consumption": {
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"text": "55.7%"
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"text": "57.5%"
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},
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"government consumption": {
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"text": "21.1%"
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"text": "21.2%"
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},
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"investment in fixed capital": {
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"text": "23.7%"
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"text": "23.3%"
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},
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"investment in inventories": {
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"text": "0.4%"
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"text": "0.3%"
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},
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"exports of goods and services": {
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"text": "31.6%"
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"text": "31.5%"
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},
|
||||
"imports of goods and services": {
|
||||
"text": "-32.5% ++ (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "-33.8% (2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"GDP - composition, by sector of origin": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -530,10 +531,10 @@
|
|||
"text": "1.6%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"industry": {
|
||||
"text": "28.6%"
|
||||
"text": "28.2%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"services": {
|
||||
"text": "69.7% (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "70.3% (2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Agriculture - products": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -543,10 +544,10 @@
|
|||
"text": "transportation equipment, chemicals, processed and unprocessed minerals, food products, wood and paper products, fish products, petroleum, natural gas"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Industrial production growth rate": {
|
||||
"text": "3.2% (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "-2% (2015 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Labor force": {
|
||||
"text": "19.12 million (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "19.28 million (2015 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Labor force - by occupation": {
|
||||
"agriculture": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -566,12 +567,12 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Unemployment rate": {
|
||||
"text": "6.9% (2014 est.) ++ 7.1% (2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "6.9% (2015 est.) ++ 6.9% (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Population below poverty line": {
|
||||
"text": "9.4%",
|
||||
"note": {
|
||||
"text": "this figure is the Low Income Cut-Off (LICO), a calculation that results in higher figures than found in many comparable economies; Canada does not have an official poverty line (2008 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "this figure is the Low Income Cut-Off, a calculation that results in higher figures than found in many comparable economies; Canada does not have an official poverty line (2008 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Household income or consumption by percentage share": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -587,20 +588,20 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Budget": {
|
||||
"revenues": {
|
||||
"text": "$674.7 billion"
|
||||
"text": "$599.5 billion"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"expenditures": {
|
||||
"text": "$704 billion (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$625.7 billion (2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Taxes and other revenues": {
|
||||
"text": "37.8% of GDP (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "38.6% of GDP (2015 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)": {
|
||||
"text": "-1.6% of GDP (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "-1.7% of GDP (2015 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Public debt": {
|
||||
"text": "94.8% of GDP (2014 est.) ++ 92.3% of GDP (2013 est.)",
|
||||
"text": "98.6% of GDP (2015 est.) ++ 93.2% of GDP (2014 est.)",
|
||||
"note": {
|
||||
"text": "figures are for gross general government debt, as opposed to net federal debt; gross general government debt includes both intragovernmental debt and the debt of public entities at the sub-national level"
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
@ -609,75 +610,80 @@
|
|||
"text": "1 April - 31 March"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Inflation rate (consumer prices)": {
|
||||
"text": "1.9% (2014 est.) ++ 1% (2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "1.1% (2015 est.) ++ 1.9% (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Central bank discount rate": {
|
||||
"text": "1% (31 December 2010) ++ 0.25% (31 December 2009)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Commercial bank prime lending rate": {
|
||||
"text": "3% (31 December 2014 est.) ++ 3% (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "2.78% (31 December 2015 est.) ++ 3% (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Stock of narrow money": {
|
||||
"text": "$629.6 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $638.7 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$568.8 billion (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $629.7 billion (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Stock of broad money": {
|
||||
"text": "$1.486 trillion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $1.47 trillion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Stock of domestic credit": {
|
||||
"text": "$2.97 trillion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $3.049 trillion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$2.642 trillion (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $2.973 trillion (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Market value of publicly traded shares": {
|
||||
"text": "$2.016 trillion (31 December 2012 est.) ++ $1.907 trillion (31 December 2011) ++ $2.16 trillion (31 December 2010 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$1.593 trillion (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $2.095 trillion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $2.114 trillion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Current account balance": {
|
||||
"text": "-$37.5 billion (2014 est.) ++ -$54.63 billion (2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "-$48.97 billion (2015 est.) ++ -$40.59 billion (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Exports": {
|
||||
"text": "$478.4 billion (2014 est.) ++ $465.4 billion (2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$411 billion (2015 est.) ++ $478.3 billion (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Exports - commodities": {
|
||||
"text": "motor vehicles and parts, industrial machinery, aircraft, telecommunications equipment; chemicals, plastics, fertilizers; wood pulp, timber, crude petroleum, natural gas, electricity, aluminum"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Exports - partners": {
|
||||
"text": "US 76.8% (2014)"
|
||||
"text": "US 76.7% (2015)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Imports": {
|
||||
"text": "$473.8 billion (2014 est.) ++ $472.4 billion (2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$428.7 billion (2015 est.) ++ $473.9 billion (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Imports - commodities": {
|
||||
"text": "machinery and equipment, motor vehicles and parts, crude oil, chemicals, electricity, durable consumer goods"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Imports - partners": {
|
||||
"text": "US 54.5%, China 11.5%, Mexico 5.6% (2014)"
|
||||
"text": "US 53.1%, China 12.2%, Mexico 5.8% (2015)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Reserves of foreign exchange and gold": {
|
||||
"text": "$74.7 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $71.94 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$79.75 billion (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $74.7 billion (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Debt - external": {
|
||||
"text": "$74.7 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $71.94 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$1.491 trillion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $1.395 trillion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Stock of direct foreign investment - at home": {
|
||||
"text": "$940.3 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $951.7 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$1.065 trillion (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $1.01 trillion (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad": {
|
||||
"text": "$1.137 trillion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $1.114 trillion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$1.256 trillion (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $1.176 trillion (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Exchange rates": {
|
||||
"text": "Canadian dollars (CAD) per US dollar - ++ 1.1047 (2014 est.) ++ 1.1047 (2013 est.) ++ 1 (2012 est.) ++ 0.9895 (2011 est.) ++ 1.0302 (2010 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "Canadian dollars (CAD) per US dollar - ++ 1.2788 (2015 est.) ++ 1.1047 (2014 est.) ++ 1.0298 (2013 est.) ++ 0.9992 (2012 est.) ++ 0.9895 (2011 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Energy": {
|
||||
"Electricity access": {
|
||||
"electrification - total population": {
|
||||
"text": "100% (2016)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Electricity - production": {
|
||||
"text": "616.2 billion kWh (2012 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "616.2 billion kWh (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Electricity - consumption": {
|
||||
"text": "524.8 billion kWh (2012 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "511 billion kWh (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Electricity - exports": {
|
||||
"text": "62.33 billion kWh (2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "58.4 billion kWh (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Electricity - imports": {
|
||||
"text": "10.68 billion kWh (2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "12.8 billion kWh (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Electricity - installed generating capacity": {
|
||||
"text": "135 million kW (2012 est.)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -695,16 +701,16 @@
|
|||
"text": "8.3% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Crude oil - production": {
|
||||
"text": "3.603 million bbl/day (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "3.89 million bbl/day (2015 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Crude oil - exports": {
|
||||
"text": "2.733 million bbl/day (2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "2.9 million bbl/day (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Crude oil - imports": {
|
||||
"text": "668,900 bbl/day (2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "700,000 bbl/day (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Crude oil - proved reserves": {
|
||||
"text": "172.5 billion bbl (1 January 2015 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "171 billion bbl (1 January 2015 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Refined petroleum products - production": {
|
||||
"text": "1.894 million bbl/day (2013 est.)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -740,18 +746,18 @@
|
|||
"Communications": {
|
||||
"Telephones - fixed lines": {
|
||||
"total subscriptions": {
|
||||
"text": "16.6 million"
|
||||
"text": "15.902 million"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
|
||||
"text": "48 (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "45 (July 2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "29.5 million"
|
||||
"text": "29.39 million"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
|
||||
"text": "85 (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "84 (July 2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Telephone system": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -768,25 +774,36 @@
|
|||
"Broadcast media": {
|
||||
"text": "2 public TV broadcasting networks each with a large number of network affiliates; several private-commercial networks also with multiple network affiliates; overall, about 150 TV stations; multi-channel satellite and cable systems provide access to a wide range of stations including US stations; mix of public and commercial radio broadcasters with the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC), the public radio broadcaster, operating 4 radio networks, Radio Canada International, and radio services to indigenous populations in the north; roughly 2,000 licensed radio stations (2008)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Radio broadcast stations": {
|
||||
"text": "AM 245, FM 582, shortwave 6 (2004)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Television broadcast stations": {
|
||||
"text": "148 (2007)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Internet country code": {
|
||||
"text": ".ca"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Internet users": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "32.4 million"
|
||||
"text": "31.053 million"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"percent of population": {
|
||||
"text": "92.9% (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "88.5% (July 2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Transportation": {
|
||||
"National air transport system": {
|
||||
"number of registered air carriers": {
|
||||
"text": "51"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers": {
|
||||
"text": "879"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers": {
|
||||
"text": "80,228,301"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"annual freight traffic on registered air carriers": {
|
||||
"text": "2,074,830,881 mt-km (2015)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Civil aircraft registration country code prefix": {
|
||||
"text": "C (2016)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Airports": {
|
||||
"text": "1,467 (2013)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -821,7 +838,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "385"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"under 914 m": {
|
||||
"text": " ++ 484 (2013)"
|
||||
"text": "484 (2013)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Heliports": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -887,48 +904,24 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military": {
|
||||
"Military and Security": {
|
||||
"Military branches": {
|
||||
"text": "Canadian Forces: Canadian Army, Royal Canadian Navy, Royal Canadian Air Force, Canada Command (homeland security) (2011)"
|
||||
"text": "Canadian Forces: Canadian Army, Royal Canadian Navy, Royal Canadian Air Force, Canadian Joint Operations Command (2015)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military service age and obligation": {
|
||||
"text": "17 years of age for voluntary male and female military service (with parental consent); 16 years of age for Reserve and Military College applicants; Canadian citizenship or permanent residence status required; maximum 34 years of age; service obligation 3-9 years (2012)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Manpower available for military service": {
|
||||
"males age 16-49": {
|
||||
"text": "8,031,266"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"females age 16-49": {
|
||||
"text": "7,755,550 (2010 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Manpower fit for military service": {
|
||||
"males age 16-49": {
|
||||
"text": "6,633,472"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"females age 16-49": {
|
||||
"text": "6,389,669 (2010 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually": {
|
||||
"male": {
|
||||
"text": "218,069"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"female": {
|
||||
"text": "206,195 (2010 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military expenditures": {
|
||||
"text": "1% of GDP (2013) ++ 1.24% of GDP (2012) ++ 1.31% of GDP (2011) ++ 1.24% of GDP (2010)"
|
||||
"text": "1% of GDP (2015) ++ 1% of GDP (2014) ++ 1% of GDP (2013) ++ 1.24% of GDP (2012) ++ 1.31% of GDP (2011)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Transnational Issues": {
|
||||
"Disputes - international": {
|
||||
"text": "managed maritime boundary disputes with the US at Dixon Entrance, Beaufort Sea, Strait of Juan de Fuca, and the Gulf of Maine, including the disputed Machias Seal Island and North Rock; Canada and the United States dispute how to divide the Beaufort Sea and the status of the Northwest Passage but continue to work cooperatively to survey the Arctic continental shelf; US works closely with Canada to intensify security measures for monitoring and controlling legal and illegal movement of people, transport, and commodities across the international border; sovereignty dispute with Denmark over Hans Island in the Kennedy Channel between Ellesmere Island and Greenland; commencing the collection of technical evidence for submission to the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf in support of claims for continental shelf beyond 200 nm from its declared baselines in the Arctic, as stipulated in Article 76, paragraph 8, of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea"
|
||||
"text": "managed maritime boundary disputes with the US at Dixon Entrance, Beaufort Sea, Strait of Juan de Fuca, and the Gulf of Maine, including the disputed Machias Seal Island and North Rock; Canada and the United States dispute how to divide the Beaufort Sea and the status of the Northwest Passage but continue to work cooperatively to survey the Arctic continental shelf; US works closely with Canada to intensify security measures for monitoring and controlling legal and illegal movement of people, transport, and commodities across the international border; sovereignty dispute with Denmark over Hans Island in the Kennedy Channel between Ellesmere Island and Greenland; commencing the collection of technical evidence for submission to the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf in support of claims for continental shelf beyond 200 nm from its declared baselines in the Arctic, as stipulated in Article 76, paragraph 8, of the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "16,428 (Colombia); 13,231 (China); 10,745 (Sri Lanka); 8,613 (Pakistan); 8,422 (Haiti); 6,762 (Mexico) (2014)"
|
||||
"text": "13,666 (Colombia); 11,415 (China); 8,807 (Haiti); 8,807 (Sri Lanka); 7,207 (Pakistan); 6,414 (Mexico) (2015)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Illicit drugs": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Add table
Add a link
Reference in a new issue