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Gerald Bauer
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@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
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{
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"Introduction": {
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"Background": {
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"text": "The inhabitants of the area of Oman have long prospered on Indian Ocean trade. In the late 18th century, a newly established sultanate in Muscat signed the first in a series of friendship treaties with Britain. Over time, Oman's dependence on British political and military advisors increased, but it never became a British colony. In 1970, QABOOS bin Said Al-Said overthrew his father, and has since ruled as sultan, but he has never designated a successor. His extensive modernization program has opened the country to the outside world while preserving the longstanding close ties with the UK. Oman's moderate, independent foreign policy has sought to maintain good relations with all Middle Eastern countries. Inspired by the popular uprisings that swept the Middle East and North Africa beginning in January 2011, some Omanis began staging marches, demonstrations, and sit-ins calling mostly for more jobs and economic benefits and an end to corruption. In response to those protester demands, QABOOS in 2011 pledged to implement economic and political reforms, such as granting legislative and regulatory powers to the Majlis al-Shura and introducing unemployment benefits. Additionally, in August 2012, the Sultan announced a royal directive mandating the speedy implementation of a national job creation plan for thousands of public and private sector jobs. As part of the government's efforts to decentralize authority and allow greater citizen participation in local governance, Oman successfully conducted its first municipal council elections in December 2012. Announced by the Sultan in 2011, the municipal councils will have the power to advise the Royal Court on the needs of local districts across Oman's 11 governorates. The Sultan returned to Oman in March 2015 after eight months in Germany, where he received medical treatment."
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"text": "The inhabitants of the area of Oman have long prospered on Indian Ocean trade. In the late 18th century, the nascent sultanate in Muscat signed the first in a series of friendship treaties with Britain. Over time, Oman's dependence on British political and military advisors increased, but it never became a British colony. In 1970, QABOOS bin Said Al-Said overthrew his father, and has since ruled as sultan, but he has never designated a successor. His extensive modernization program has opened the country to the outside world while preserving the longstanding close ties with the UK and US. Oman's moderate, independent foreign policy has sought to maintain good relations with its neighbors and to avoid external entanglements. Inspired by the popular uprisings that swept the Middle East and North Africa beginning in January 2011, some Omanis staged demonstrations, calling for more jobs and economic benefits and an end to corruption. In response to those protester demands, QABOOS in 2011 pledged to implement economic and political reforms, such as granting legislative and regulatory powers to the Majlis al-Shura and increasing unemployment benefits. Additionally, in August 2012, the Sultan announced a royal directive mandating the speedy implementation of a national job creation plan for thousands of public and private sector jobs. As part of the government's efforts to decentralize authority and allow greater citizen participation in local governance, Oman successfully conducted its first municipal council elections in December 2012. Announced by the Sultan in 2011, the municipal councils will have the power to advise the Royal Court on the needs of local districts across Oman's 11 governorates. The Sultan returned to Oman in March 2015 after eight months in Germany, where he received medical treatment and has since appeared publicly on a few occasions."
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}
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},
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"Geography": {
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"Location": {
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"text": "Middle East, bordering the Arabian Sea, Gulf of Oman, and Persian Gulf, between Yemen and UAE"
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"text": "Middle East, bordering the Arabian Sea, Gulf of Oman, and Persian Gulf, between Yemen and the UAE"
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},
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"Geographic coordinates": {
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"text": "21 00 N, 57 00 E"
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@ -26,10 +26,7 @@
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}
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},
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"Area - comparative": {
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"text": "twice the size of Georgia; slightly smaller than Kansas",
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"Area comparison map": {
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"text": null
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}
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"text": "twice the size of Georgia; slightly smaller than Kansas"
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},
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"Land boundaries": {
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"total": {
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@ -59,12 +56,12 @@
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"Terrain": {
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"text": "central desert plain, rugged mountains in north and south"
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},
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"Elevation extremes": {
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"lowest point": {
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"text": "Arabian Sea 0 m"
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"Elevation": {
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"mean elevation": {
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"text": "310 m"
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},
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"highest point": {
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"text": "Jabal Shams 2,980 m"
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"elevation extremes": {
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"text": "lowest point: Arabian Sea 0 m ++ highest point: Jabal Shams 2,980 m"
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}
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},
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"Natural resources": {
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@ -82,18 +79,7 @@
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}
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},
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"Irrigated land": {
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"text": "588.5 sq km (2004)"
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},
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"Total renewable water resources": {
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"text": "1.4 cu km (2011)"
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},
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"Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural)": {
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"total": {
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"text": "1.32 cu km/yr (10%/1%/88%)"
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},
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"per capita": {
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"text": "515.8 cu m/yr (2003)"
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}
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"text": "590 sq km (2012)"
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},
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"Natural hazards": {
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"text": "summer winds often raise large sandstorms and dust storms in interior; periodic droughts"
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@ -110,10 +96,16 @@
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}
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},
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"Geography - note": {
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"text": "strategic location on Musandam Peninsula adjacent to Strait of Hormuz, a vital transit point for world crude oil"
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"text": "consists of Oman proper and two northern exclaves, Musandam and Al Madhah; the former is a peninsula that occupies a strategic location adjacent to the Strait of Hormuz, a vital transit point for world crude oil"
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}
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},
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"People and Society": {
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"Population": {
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"text": "3,355,262 (July 2016 est.)",
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"note": {
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"text": "immigrants make up over 40% of the total population, according to UN data (2015)"
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}
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},
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"Nationality": {
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"noun": {
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"text": "Omani(s)"
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@ -129,32 +121,26 @@
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"text": "Arabic (official), English, Baluchi, Urdu, Indian dialects"
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},
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"Religions": {
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"text": "Muslim (official; majority are Ibadhi, lesser numbers of Sunni and Shia)) 85.9%, Christian 6.5%, Hindu 5.5%, Buddhist 0.8%, Jewish \nnote: approximately 75% of Omani citizens, who compose almost 70% of the country's total population, are Ibadhi Muslims; the Omani government does not keep statistics on religious affiliation (2013) (2010 est.)\nreligious affiliation:\n\n \n\n"
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},
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"Population": {
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"text": "3,286,936",
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"text": "Muslim (official; majority are Ibadhi, lesser numbers of Sunni and Shia) 85.9%, Christian 6.5%, Hindu 5.5%, Buddhist 0.8%, Jewish <0.1, other 1%, unaffiliated 0.2% (2010 est.)",
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"note": {
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"text": "immigrants make up just over 30% of the total population, according to UN data (2013) (July 2015 est.)"
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"text": "approximately 75% of Omani citizens, who compose almost 70% of the country's total population, are Ibadhi Muslims; the Omani government does not keep statistics on religious affiliation (2013)"
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}
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},
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"Age structure": {
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"0-14 years": {
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"text": "30.23% (male 509,465/female 484,068)"
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"text": "30.14% (male 518,600/female 492,782)"
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},
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"15-24 years": {
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"text": "19.51% (male 336,286/female 304,994)"
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"text": "19.11% (male 336,310/female 304,871)"
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},
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"25-54 years": {
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"text": "43% (male 822,302/female 590,937)"
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"text": "43.41% (male 843,531/female 613,004)"
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},
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"55-64 years": {
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"text": "3.9% (male 68,460/female 59,756)"
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"text": "3.91% (male 69,904/female 61,248)"
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},
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"65 years and over": {
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"text": "3.37% (male 55,081/female 55,587) (2015 est.)"
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},
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"population pyramid": {
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"text": null
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"text": "3.43% (male 56,816/female 58,196) (2016 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Dependency ratios": {
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@ -173,26 +159,26 @@
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},
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"Median age": {
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"total": {
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"text": "25.1 years"
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"text": "25.4 years"
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},
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"male": {
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"text": "26.3 years"
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"text": "26.5 years"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "23.7 years (2015 est.)"
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"text": "24 years (2016 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Population growth rate": {
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"text": "2.07% (2015 est.)"
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"text": "2.05% (2016 est.)"
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},
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"Birth rate": {
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"text": "24.44 births/1,000 population (2015 est.)"
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"text": "24.3 births/1,000 population (2016 est.)"
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},
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"Death rate": {
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"text": "3.36 deaths/1,000 population (2015 est.)"
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"text": "3.3 deaths/1,000 population (2016 est.)"
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},
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"Net migration rate": {
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"text": "-0.43 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2015 est.)"
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"text": "-0.4 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2016 est.)"
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},
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"Urbanization": {
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"urban population": {
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@ -216,16 +202,16 @@
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"text": "1.1 male(s)/female"
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},
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"25-54 years": {
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"text": "1.39 male(s)/female"
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"text": "1.38 male(s)/female"
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},
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"55-64 years": {
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"text": "1.15 male(s)/female"
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"text": "1.14 male(s)/female"
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},
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"65 years and over": {
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"text": "0.99 male(s)/female"
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},
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"total population": {
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"text": "1.2 male(s)/female (2015 est.)"
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"text": "1.19 male(s)/female (2016 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Maternal mortality rate": {
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@ -233,34 +219,34 @@
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},
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"Infant mortality rate": {
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"total": {
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"text": "13.55 deaths/1,000 live births"
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"text": "13.2 deaths/1,000 live births"
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},
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"male": {
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"text": "13.85 deaths/1,000 live births"
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"text": "13.5 deaths/1,000 live births"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "13.23 deaths/1,000 live births (2015 est.)"
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"text": "12.8 deaths/1,000 live births (2016 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Life expectancy at birth": {
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"total population": {
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"text": "75.21 years"
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"text": "75.5 years"
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},
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"male": {
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"text": "73.29 years"
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"text": "73.5 years"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "77.23 years (2015 est.)"
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"text": "77.5 years (2016 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Total fertility rate": {
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"text": "2.86 children born/woman (2015 est.)"
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"text": "2.84 children born/woman (2016 est.)"
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},
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"Contraceptive prevalence rate": {
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"text": "24.4% (2007/08)"
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},
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"Health expenditures": {
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"text": "2.6% of GDP (2013)"
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"text": "3.6% of GDP (2014)"
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},
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"Physicians density": {
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"text": "2.43 physicians/1,000 population (2012)"
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"text": "26.5% (2014)"
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},
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"Children under the age of 5 years underweight": {
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"text": "8.6% (2009)"
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"text": "9.7% (2014)"
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},
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"Education expenditures": {
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"text": "4.2% of GDP (2009)"
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"text": "5% of GDP (2013)"
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},
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"Literacy": {
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"definition": {
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"text": "Uman"
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},
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"former": {
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"text": "Muscat and Oman"
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"text": "Sultanate of Muscat and Oman"
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},
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"etymology": {
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"text": "the origin of the name is uncertain, but it apparently dates back at least 2,000 years since an \"Omana\" is mentioned by Pliny the Elder (1st century A.D.) and an \"Omanon\" by Ptolemy (2nd century A.D.)"
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}
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},
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"Government type": {
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"text": "monarchy"
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"text": "absolute monarchy"
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},
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"Capital": {
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"name": {
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@ -370,7 +359,7 @@
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"text": "Birthday of Sultan QABOOS, 18 November (1940)"
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},
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"Constitution": {
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"text": "1996 (The Basic Law of the Sultanate of Oman serves as the constitution); amended by royal decree in 2011 (2015)"
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"text": "1996 (the Basic Law of the Sultanate of Oman serves as the constitution); amended by royal decree in 2011 (2016)"
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},
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"Legal system": {
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"text": "mixed legal system of Anglo-Saxon law and Islamic law"
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@ -378,6 +367,20 @@
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"International law organization participation": {
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"text": "has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt"
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},
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"Citizenship": {
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"citizenship by birth": {
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"text": "no"
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},
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"citizenship by descent only": {
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"text": "the father must be a citizen of Oman"
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},
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"dual citizenship recognized": {
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"text": "no"
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},
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"residency requirement for naturalization": {
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"text": "unknown"
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}
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},
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"Suffrage": {
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"text": "21 years of age; universal; note - members of the military and security forces by law cannot vote"
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},
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},
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"Legislative branch": {
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"description": {
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"text": "bicameral Council of Oman or Majlis Oman consists of the Council of State or Majlis al-Dawla (83 seats; members appointed by the sultan from among former government officials and prominent educators, businessmen, and citizens) and the Consultative Council or Majlis al-Shura (84 seats; members directly elected in single- and two-seat constituencies by simple majority popular vote to serve 4-year terms); note - following political reforms in 2011, legislation from the Consultative Council is submitted to the Council of State for passage and amendments"
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"text": "bicameral Council of Oman or Majlis Oman consists of the Council of State or Majlis al-Dawla (85 seats including the chairman; members appointed by the sultan from among former government officials and prominent educators, businessmen, and citizens) and the Consultative Council or Majlis al-Shura (85 seats; members directly elected in single- and two-seat constituencies by simple majority popular vote to serve renewable 4-year terms); note - following political reforms in 2011, legislation from the Consultative Council is submitted to the Council of State for review by the Royal Court"
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},
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"elections": {
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"text": "Consultative Assembly - last held on 25 October 2015 (next to be held in October 2019)"
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},
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"election results": {
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"text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; note - three prominent figures from the Arab Spring 2011 protests won seats; one woman also won a seat"
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"text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA"
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}
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},
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"Judicial branch": {
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"text": "Supreme Court (consists of 5 judges)"
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},
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"judge selection and term of office": {
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"text": "judges nominated by the 9-member Supreme Judicial Council (chaired by the monarch) and appointed by the monarch; judge tenure NA"
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"text": "judges nominated by the 9-member Supreme Judicial Council (chaired by the monarch) and appointed by the monarch; judges appointed for life"
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},
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"subordinate courts": {
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"text": "Courts of Appeal; Courts of First Instance; sharia courts; magistrates' courts"
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"text": "Courts of Appeal; Administrative Court; Courts of First Instance; sharia courts; magistrates' courts; military courts"
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}
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},
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"Political parties and leaders": {
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},
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"Diplomatic representation from the US": {
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"chief of mission": {
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"text": "Ambassador Greta C. HOLTZ (since 27 September 2012)"
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"text": "Ambassador Marc J. SIEVERS (since 7 January 2016)"
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},
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"embassy": {
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"text": "Jamait Ad Duwal Al Arabiyya Street, Al Khuwair area, Muscat"
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"text": "[968] 24-643-400"
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},
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"FAX": {
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"text": "[968] 24-64-37-40"
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"text": "[968] 24-643-740"
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}
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},
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"Flag description": {
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@ -477,58 +480,58 @@
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},
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"Economy": {
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"Economy - overview": {
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"text": "Oman is heavily dependent on dwindling oil resources, which generates 77% of government revenue. It is using enhanced oil recovery techniques to boost production. Muscat has actively pursued a development plan that focuses on diversification, industrialization, and privatization, with the objective of reducing the oil sector's contribution to GDP from 46% to 9% by 2020. Muscat also is focused on creating more jobs to employ the rising numbers of Omanis entering the workforce. Tourism and gas-based industries are key components of the government's diversification strategy. However, increases in social welfare benefits, particularly since the Arab Spring, have challenged the government's ability to effectively balance its budget as oil prices decline. Despite government acknowledgement that Oman’s expansive social welfare benefits are unsustainable, Oman authorities are comfortable with short-term budget deficits and have approved an expansionary 2015 budget. Concurrently, Oman has expanded efforts to support the development of small and medium-size enterprises and entrepreneurship. Government agencies and large oligarchic group companies have announced new initiatives to spin off non-essential functions to entrepreneurs, incubate new businesses, train and mentor up and coming business people, and provide financing for start-ups."
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"text": "Oman is heavily dependent on its dwindling oil resources, which generate 84% of government revenue. In 2015, low global oil prices drove Oman’s budget deficit to $6.5 billion, or nearly 11% of GDP. Oman has limited foreign assets and is issuing debt to cover its deficit. ++ ++ Oman is using enhanced oil recovery techniques to boost production and has actively pursued a development plan that focuses on diversification, industrialization, and privatization, with the objective of reducing the oil sector's contribution to GDP from 46% at present to 9% by 2020. Tourism and gas-based industries are key components of the government's diversification strategy. ++ ++ Muscat also is focused on creating more jobs to employ the rising number of Omanis entering the workforce. Increases in social welfare benefits, however, particularly since the Arab Spring, dating to 2011, have challenged the government's ability to effectively balance its budget, as oil prices decline. Omani officials intend to reduce social entitlements to cut the deficit but have faced stiff public opposition to spending cuts, hindering their implementation."
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},
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"GDP (purchasing power parity)": {
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"text": "$163 billion (2014 est.) ++ $158.3 billion (2013 est.) ++ $151.2 billion (2012 est.)",
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"text": "$167.8 billion (2015 est.) ++ $162.4 billion (2014 est.) ++ $157.9 billion (2013 est.)",
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"note": {
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"text": "data are in 2014 US dollars"
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"text": "data are in 2015 US dollars"
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}
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},
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"GDP (official exchange rate)": {
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"text": "$77.78 billion (2014 est.)"
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"text": "$64.12 billion (2015 est.)"
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},
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"GDP - real growth rate": {
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"text": "2.9% (2014 est.) ++ 4.7% (2013 est.) ++ 5.8% (2012 est.)"
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"text": "3.3% (2015 est.) ++ 2.9% (2014 est.) ++ 3.2% (2013 est.)"
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},
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"GDP - per capita (PPP)": {
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"text": "$43,800 (2014 est.) ++ $42,600 (2013 est.) ++ $40,700 (2012 est.)",
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"text": "$43,700 (2015 est.) ++ $43,700 (2014 est.) ++ $43,900 (2013 est.)",
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"note": {
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"text": "data are in 2014 US dollars"
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"text": "data are in 2015 US dollars"
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}
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},
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"Gross national saving": {
|
||||
"text": "30.4% of GDP (2014 est.) ++ 34.6% of GDP (2013 est.) ++ 35.6% of GDP (2012 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "11.5% of GDP (2015 est.) ++ 27.7% of GDP (2014 est.) ++ 32.5% of GDP (2013 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"GDP - composition, by end use": {
|
||||
"household consumption": {
|
||||
"text": "30.6%"
|
||||
"text": "37.3%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"government consumption": {
|
||||
"text": "21.5%"
|
||||
"text": "28.7%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"investment in fixed capital": {
|
||||
"text": "29.2%"
|
||||
"text": "33.9%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"investment in inventories": {
|
||||
"text": "-5.4%"
|
||||
"text": "-1.3%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"exports of goods and services": {
|
||||
"text": "68.9%"
|
||||
"text": "53%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"imports of goods and services": {
|
||||
"text": "-44.8% ++ (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "-51.6% (2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"GDP - composition, by sector of origin": {
|
||||
"agriculture": {
|
||||
"text": "1.2%"
|
||||
"text": "1.5%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"industry": {
|
||||
"text": "65.1%"
|
||||
"text": "55.1%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"services": {
|
||||
"text": "39.1% (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "47.2% (2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Agriculture - products": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -538,7 +541,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "crude oil production and refining, natural and liquefied natural gas (LNG) production; construction, cement, copper, steel, chemicals, optic fiber"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Industrial production growth rate": {
|
||||
"text": "0.3% (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "1.3% (2015 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Labor force": {
|
||||
"text": "968,800",
|
||||
|
|
@ -573,71 +576,71 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Budget": {
|
||||
"revenues": {
|
||||
"text": "$40.09 billion"
|
||||
"text": "$23.58 billion"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"expenditures": {
|
||||
"text": "$37.65 billion (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$35.63 billion (2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Taxes and other revenues": {
|
||||
"text": "51.5% of GDP (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "40.3% of GDP (2015 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)": {
|
||||
"text": "3.1% of GDP (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "-20.6% of GDP (2015 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Public debt": {
|
||||
"text": "4.9% of GDP (2014 est.) ++ 4.9% of GDP (2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "8.3% of GDP (2015 est.) ++ 4.9% of GDP (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Fiscal year": {
|
||||
"text": "calendar year"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Inflation rate (consumer prices)": {
|
||||
"text": "1% (2014 est.) ++ 1.2% (2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "0.1% (2015 est.) ++ 1% (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Central bank discount rate": {
|
||||
"text": "2% (31 December 2010) ++ 0.05% (31 December 2009)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Commercial bank prime lending rate": {
|
||||
"text": "5.08% (31 December 2014 est.) ++ 5.41% (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "4.76% (31 December 2015 est.) ++ 5.08% (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Stock of narrow money": {
|
||||
"text": "$12.5 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $10.28 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$13.96 billion (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $12.5 billion (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Stock of broad money": {
|
||||
"text": "$35.8 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $30.79 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$39.85 billion (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $35.8 billion (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Stock of domestic credit": {
|
||||
"text": "$33.69 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $28.8 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$45.1 billion (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $33.69 billion (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Market value of publicly traded shares": {
|
||||
"text": "$20.19 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $19.07 billion (31 December 2013) ++ $20.27 billion (31 December 2010 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$41.12 billion (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $37.83 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $36.77 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Current account balance": {
|
||||
"text": "$7.978 billion (2014 est.) ++ $9.184 billion (2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "-$11.23 billion (2015 est.) ++ $4.662 billion (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Exports": {
|
||||
"text": "$53.22 billion (2014 est.) ++ $56.43 billion (2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$34.43 billion (2015 est.) ++ $53.22 billion (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Exports - commodities": {
|
||||
"text": "petroleum, reexports, fish, metals, textiles"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Exports - partners": {
|
||||
"text": "China 43%, UAE 10.3%, South Korea 8.2% (2014)"
|
||||
"text": "China 35.4%, UAE 15.3%, South Korea 6.8%, Saudi Arabia 5.8%, Pakistan 4.2% (2015)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Imports": {
|
||||
"text": "$27.18 billion (2014 est.) ++ $31.84 billion (2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$28.27 billion (2015 est.) ++ $27.89 billion (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Imports - commodities": {
|
||||
"text": "machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, food, livestock, lubricants"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Imports - partners": {
|
||||
"text": "UAE 32.5%, Japan 12.2%, China 4.8%, India 4.3%, US 4.3%, Saudi Arabia 4.1% (2014)"
|
||||
"text": "UAE 29.7%, Japan 10.2%, US 7.5%, China 6.7%, India 6.3% (2015)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Reserves of foreign exchange and gold": {
|
||||
"text": "$16.32 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $15.95 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$17.54 billion (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $16.32 billion (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Debt - external": {
|
||||
"text": "$10.18 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $11.33 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$12.94 billion (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $10.66 billion (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Stock of direct foreign investment - at home": {
|
||||
"text": "$NA"
|
||||
|
|
@ -646,10 +649,24 @@
|
|||
"text": "$NA"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Exchange rates": {
|
||||
"text": "Omani rials (OMR) per US dollar - ++ 0.3845 (2014 est.) ++ 0.3845 (2013 est.) ++ 0.3845 (2012 est.) ++ 0.3845 (2011 est.) ++ 0.3845 (2010 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "Omani rials (OMR) per US dollar - ++ 0.3845 (2015 est.) ++ 0.3845 (2014 est.) ++ 0.3845 (2013 est.) ++ 0.3845 (2012 est.) ++ 0.3845 (2011 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Energy": {
|
||||
"Electricity access": {
|
||||
"population without electricity": {
|
||||
"text": "100,000"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"electrification - total population": {
|
||||
"text": "98%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"electrification - urban areas": {
|
||||
"text": "99%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"electrification - rural areas": {
|
||||
"text": "93% (2013)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Electricity - production": {
|
||||
"text": "23.77 billion kWh (2012 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -723,18 +740,18 @@
|
|||
"Communications": {
|
||||
"Telephones - fixed lines": {
|
||||
"total subscriptions": {
|
||||
"text": "380,000"
|
||||
"text": "434,932"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
|
||||
"text": "12 (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "13 (July 2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "6.2 million"
|
||||
"text": "6.647 million"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
|
||||
"text": "192 (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "202 (July 2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Telephone system": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -745,31 +762,42 @@
|
|||
"text": "fixed-line and mobile-cellular subscribership both increasing with fixed-line phone service gradually being introduced to remote villages using wireless local loop systems"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"international": {
|
||||
"text": "country code - 968; the Fiber-Optic Link Around the Globe (FLAG) and the SEA-ME-WE-3 submarine cable provide connectivity to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Indian Ocean), 1 Arabsat (2008)"
|
||||
"text": "country code - 968; the Fiber-Optic Link Around the Globe (FLAG) and the SEA-ME-WE-3 submarine cable provide connectivity to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Indian Ocean), 1 Arabsat (2015)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Broadcast media": {
|
||||
"text": "1 state-run TV broadcaster; TV stations transmitting from Saudi Arabia, the UAE, and Yemen available via satellite TV; state-run radio operates multiple stations; first private radio station began operating in 2007 and 2 additional stations now operating (2007)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Radio broadcast stations": {
|
||||
"text": "AM 3, FM 9, shortwave 2 (1999)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Television broadcast stations": {
|
||||
"text": "13 (plus 25 repeaters) (1999)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Internet country code": {
|
||||
"text": ".om"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Internet users": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "2.1 million"
|
||||
"text": "2.438 million"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"percent of population": {
|
||||
"text": "65.8% (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "74.2% (July 2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Transportation": {
|
||||
"National air transport system": {
|
||||
"number of registered air carriers": {
|
||||
"text": "1"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers": {
|
||||
"text": "45"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers": {
|
||||
"text": "6,365,784"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"annual freight traffic on registered air carriers": {
|
||||
"text": "412,234,008 mt-km (2015)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Civil aircraft registration country code prefix": {
|
||||
"text": "A4O (2016)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Airports": {
|
||||
"text": "132 (2013)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -804,7 +832,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "33"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"under 914 m": {
|
||||
"text": " ++ 26 (2013)"
|
||||
"text": "26 (2013)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Heliports": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -847,39 +875,15 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military": {
|
||||
"Military and Security": {
|
||||
"Military branches": {
|
||||
"text": "Sultan's Armed Forces (SAF): Royal Army of Oman, Royal Navy of Oman, Royal Air Force of Oman (al-Quwwat al-Jawwiya al-Sultanat Oman) (2013)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military service age and obligation": {
|
||||
"text": "18-30 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2012)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Manpower available for military service": {
|
||||
"males age 16-49": {
|
||||
"text": "985,957"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"females age 16-49": {
|
||||
"text": "737,812 (2010 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Manpower fit for military service": {
|
||||
"males age 16-49": {
|
||||
"text": "837,886"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"females age 16-49": {
|
||||
"text": "642,427 (2010 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually": {
|
||||
"male": {
|
||||
"text": "31,959"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"female": {
|
||||
"text": "30,264 (2010 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military expenditures": {
|
||||
"text": "8.61% of GDP (2012) ++ 6.13% of GDP (2011) ++ 8.61% of GDP (2010)"
|
||||
"text": "11.8% of GDP (2014) ++ 15% of GDP (2013) ++ 8.61% of GDP (2012) ++ 6.13% of GDP (2011) ++ 8.61% of GDP (2010)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Transnational Issues": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -888,7 +892,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "5,000 (Yemen) (2015)"
|
||||
"text": "5,000 (Yemen) (2016)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Add table
Add a link
Reference in a new issue