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Gerald Bauer
parent
780ac9e05b
commit
ca94e2fef5
261 changed files with 32420 additions and 31899 deletions
313
europe/uk.json
313
europe/uk.json
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@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
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{
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"Introduction": {
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"Background": {
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"text": "The United Kingdom has historically played a leading role in developing parliamentary democracy and in advancing literature and science. At its zenith in the 19th century, the British Empire stretched over one-fourth of the earth's surface. The first half of the 20th century saw the UK's strength seriously depleted in two world wars and the Irish Republic's withdrawal from the union. The second half witnessed the dismantling of the Empire and the UK rebuilding itself into a modern and prosperous European nation. As one of five permanent members of the UN Security Council and a founding member of NATO and the Commonwealth, the UK pursues a global approach to foreign policy. The UK is also an active member of the EU, although it chose to remain outside the Economic and Monetary Union. The Scottish Parliament, the National Assembly for Wales, and the Northern Ireland Assembly were established in 1999. The latter was suspended until May 2007 due to wrangling over the peace process, but devolution was fully completed in March 2010."
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"text": "The United Kingdom has historically played a leading role in developing parliamentary democracy and in advancing literature and science. At its zenith in the 19th century, the British Empire stretched over one-fourth of the earth's surface. The first half of the 20th century saw the UK's strength seriously depleted in two world wars and the Irish Republic's withdrawal from the union. The second half witnessed the dismantling of the Empire and the UK rebuilding itself into a modern and prosperous European nation. As one of five permanent members of the UN Security Council and a founding member of NATO and the Commonwealth, the UK pursues a global approach to foreign policy. The Scottish Parliament, the National Assembly for Wales, and the Northern Ireland Assembly were established in 1999. The latter was suspended until May 2007 due to wrangling over the peace process, but devolution was fully completed in March 2010. ++ The UK was an active member of the EU from 1973 to 2016, although it chose to remain outside the Economic and Monetary Union. However, frustrated by a remote bureaucracy in Brussels and massive migration into the country, UK citizens on 23 June 2016 narrowly voted to leave the EU. The so-called “Brexit” will take years to carry out but could be the signal for referenda in other EU countries where skepticism of EU membership benefits is strong."
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}
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},
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"Geography": {
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@ -29,10 +29,7 @@
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}
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},
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"Area - comparative": {
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"text": "twice the size of Pennsylvania; slightly smaller than Oregon",
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"Area comparison map": {
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"text": null
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}
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"text": "twice the size of Pennsylvania; slightly smaller than Oregon"
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},
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"Land boundaries": {
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"total": {
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@ -62,12 +59,12 @@
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"Terrain": {
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"text": "mostly rugged hills and low mountains; level to rolling plains in east and southeast"
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},
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"Elevation extremes": {
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"lowest point": {
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"text": "The Fens -4 m"
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"Elevation": {
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"mean elevation": {
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"text": "162 m"
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},
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"highest point": {
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"text": "Ben Nevis 1,343 m"
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"elevation extremes": {
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"text": "lowest point: The Fens -4 m ++ highest point: Ben Nevis 1,343 m"
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}
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},
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"Natural resources": {
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@ -85,18 +82,10 @@
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}
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},
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"Irrigated land": {
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"text": "2,280 sq km (2005)"
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"text": "950 sq km (2012)"
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},
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"Total renewable water resources": {
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"text": "147 cu km (2011)"
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},
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"Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural)": {
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"total": {
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"text": "13.03 cu km/yr (58%/33%/9%)"
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},
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"per capita": {
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"text": "213.2 cu m/yr (2008)"
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}
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"Population - distribution": {
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"text": "the core of the population lies in and around London, with significant clusters found in central Britain around Manchester and Liverpool, in the Scotish lowlands between Endinburgh and Glasgow, southern Wales in and around Cardiff, and far eastern Northern Ireland centered on Belfast"
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},
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"Natural hazards": {
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"text": "winter windstorms; floods"
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@ -113,10 +102,13 @@
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}
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},
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"Geography - note": {
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"text": "lies near vital North Atlantic sea lanes; only 35 km from France and linked by tunnel under the English Channel; because of heavily indented coastline, no location is more than 125 km from tidal waters"
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"text": "lies near vital North Atlantic sea lanes; only 35 km from France and linked by tunnel under the English Channel (the Channel Tunnel or Chunnel); because of heavily indented coastline, no location is more than 125 km from tidal waters"
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}
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},
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"People and Society": {
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"Population": {
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"text": "64,430,428 (July 2016 est.)"
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},
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"Nationality": {
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"noun": {
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"text": "Briton(s), British (collective plural)"
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@ -137,27 +129,21 @@
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"Religions": {
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"text": "Christian (includes Anglican, Roman Catholic, Presbyterian, Methodist) 59.5%, Muslim 4.4%, Hindu 1.3%, other 2%, unspecified 7.2%, none 25.7% (2011 est.)"
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},
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"Population": {
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"text": "64,088,222 (July 2015 est.)"
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},
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"Age structure": {
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"0-14 years": {
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"text": "17.37% (male 5,706,871/female 5,424,654)"
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"text": "17.44% (male 5,761,311/female 5,476,649)"
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},
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"15-24 years": {
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"text": "12.41% (male 4,060,480/female 3,891,262)"
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"text": "12.15% (male 3,997,150/female 3,830,268)"
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},
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"25-54 years": {
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"text": "40.91% (male 13,344,087/female 12,873,234)"
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"text": "40.74% (male 13,367,242/female 12,883,674)"
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},
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"55-64 years": {
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"text": "11.58% (male 3,675,565/female 3,746,483)"
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"text": "11.77% (male 3,760,020/female 3,820,525)"
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},
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"65 years and over": {
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"text": "17.73% (male 5,086,919/female 6,278,667) (2015 est.)"
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},
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"population pyramid": {
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"text": null
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"text": "17.9% (male 5,170,542/female 6,363,047) (2016 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Dependency ratios": {
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@ -176,26 +162,29 @@
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},
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"Median age": {
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"total": {
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"text": "40.4 years"
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"text": "40.5 years"
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},
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"male": {
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"text": "39.2 years"
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"text": "39.3 years"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "41.6 years (2015 est.)"
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"text": "41.7 years (2016 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Population growth rate": {
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"text": "0.54% (2015 est.)"
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"text": "0.53% (2016 est.)"
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},
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"Birth rate": {
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"text": "12.17 births/1,000 population (2015 est.)"
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"text": "12.1 births/1,000 population (2016 est.)"
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},
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"Death rate": {
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"text": "9.35 deaths/1,000 population (2015 est.)"
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"text": "9.4 deaths/1,000 population (2016 est.)"
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},
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"Net migration rate": {
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"text": "2.54 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2015 est.)"
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"text": "2.5 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2016 est.)"
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},
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"Population distribution": {
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"text": "the core of the population lies in and around London, with significant clusters found in central Britain around Manchester and Liverpool, in the Scotish lowlands between Endinburgh and Glasgow, southern Wales in and around Cardiff, and far eastern Northern Ireland centered on Belfast"
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},
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"Urbanization": {
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"urban population": {
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@ -228,7 +217,13 @@
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"text": "0.81 male(s)/female"
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},
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"total population": {
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"text": "0.99 male(s)/female (2015 est.)"
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"text": "0.99 male(s)/female (2016 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Mother's mean age at first birth": {
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"text": "28.1",
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"note": {
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"text": "data represent England and Wales only (2012 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Maternal mortality rate": {
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@ -236,28 +231,28 @@
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},
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"Infant mortality rate": {
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"total": {
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"text": "4.38 deaths/1,000 live births"
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"text": "4.3 deaths/1,000 live births"
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},
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"male": {
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"text": "4.8 deaths/1,000 live births"
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"text": "4.7 deaths/1,000 live births"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "3.95 deaths/1,000 live births (2015 est.)"
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"text": "3.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2016 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Life expectancy at birth": {
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"total population": {
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"text": "80.54 years"
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"text": "80.7 years"
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},
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"male": {
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"text": "78.37 years"
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"text": "78.5 years"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "82.83 years (2015 est.)"
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"text": "83 years (2016 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Total fertility rate": {
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"text": "1.89 children born/woman (2015 est.)"
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"text": "1.89 children born/woman (2016 est.)"
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},
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"Contraceptive prevalence rate": {
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"text": "84%",
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@ -266,7 +261,7 @@
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}
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},
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"Health expenditures": {
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"text": "9.1% of GDP (2013)"
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"text": "9.1% of GDP (2014)"
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},
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"Physicians density": {
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"text": "2.81 physicians/1,000 population (2013)"
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@ -303,45 +298,48 @@
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"text": "29.8% (2014)"
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},
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"Education expenditures": {
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"text": "6% of GDP (2011)"
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"text": "6.7% of GDP (2013)"
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},
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"School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
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"total": {
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"text": "16 years"
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"text": "18 years"
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},
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"male": {
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"text": "16 years"
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"text": "17 years"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "17 years (2012)"
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"text": "18 years (2014)"
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}
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},
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"Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": {
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"total": {
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"text": "21%"
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"text": "16.9%"
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},
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"male": {
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"text": "23.8%"
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"text": "18.9%"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "17.9% (2012 est.)"
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"text": "14.8% (2014 est.)"
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}
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}
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},
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"Government": {
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"Country name": {
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"conventional long form": {
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"text": "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; note - Great Britain includes England, Scotland, and Wales"
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"text": "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; note - the island of Great Britain includes England, Scotland, and Wales"
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},
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"conventional short form": {
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"text": "United Kingdom"
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},
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"abbreviation": {
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"text": "UK"
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},
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"etymology": {
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"text": "self-descriptive country name; the designation \"Great Britain,\" in the sense of \"Larger Britain,\" dates back to medieval times and was used to distinguish the island from \"Little Britain,\" or Brittany in modern France; the name Ireland derives from the Gaelic \"Eriu,\" the matron goddess of Ireland (goddess of the land)"
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}
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},
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"Government type": {
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"text": "constitutional monarchy and Commonwealth realm"
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"text": "parliamentary constitutional monarchy; a Commonwealth realm"
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},
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"Capital": {
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"name": {
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@ -408,7 +406,7 @@
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"text": "the UK does not celebrate one particular national holiday"
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},
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"Constitution": {
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"text": "unwritten; partly statutes, partly common law and practice; note - recent additions include the Human Rights Act of 1998, the Constitutional Reform and Governance Act 2010, the Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Act 2011, the Fixed-term Parliaments Act 2011, and the House of Lords (Expulsion and Suspension) Act 2015 (2015)"
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"text": "unwritten; partly statutes, partly common law and practice; note - recent additions include the Human Rights Act of 1998, the Constitutional Reform and Governance Act 2010, the Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Act 2011, the Fixed-term Parliaments Act 2011, and the House of Lords (Expulsion and Suspension) Act 2015 (2016)"
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},
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"Legal system": {
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"text": "common law system; has nonbinding judicial review of Acts of Parliament under the Human Rights Act of 1998"
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@ -417,14 +415,17 @@
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"text": "accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction"
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},
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"Citizenship": {
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"birthright citizenship": {
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"text": ""
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"citizenship by birth": {
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"text": "no"
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},
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"citizenship by descent only": {
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"text": "at least one parent must be a citizen of the United Kingdom"
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},
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"dual citizenship recognized": {
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"text": "yes"
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},
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"residency requirement for naturalization": {
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"text": ""
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"text": "5 years"
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}
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},
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"Suffrage": {
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@ -435,18 +436,18 @@
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"text": "Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); Heir Apparent Prince CHARLES (son of the queen, born 14 November 1948)"
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},
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"head of government": {
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"text": "Prime Minister David CAMERON (since 11 May 2010)"
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"text": "Prime Minister Theresa MAY (since 13 July 2016)"
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},
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"cabinet": {
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"text": "Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the prime minister"
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},
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"elections/appointments": {
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"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually becomes the prime minister; David Cameron (Conservative) assumed office 11 May 2010"
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"text": "the monarchy is hereditary; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually becomes the prime minister; Theresea MAY (Conservative) assumed office 13 July 2016"
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}
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},
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"Legislative branch": {
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"description": {
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"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of the House of Lords (760 seats - membership not fixed (there are 816 lords eligible for taking part in the work of the House of Lords consisting of 698 life peers, 86 hereditary peers, and 26 clergy - as of October 2015; members appointed by the monarch on the advice of the prime minister and non-party political members recommended by the House of Lords Appointments Commission) and the House of Commons (650 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by first-past-the-post vote to serve 5-year terms unless the House is dissolved earlier)"
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"text": "bicameral Parliament consists of the House of Lords (760 seats - membership not fixed (there are 815 lords eligible for taking part in the work of the House of Lords consisting of 701 life peers, 88 hereditary peers, and 26 clergy - as of October 2015; members appointed by the monarch on the advice of the prime minister and non-party political members recommended by the House of Lords Appointments Commission) and the House of Commons (650 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by first-past-the-post vote to serve 5-year terms unless the House is dissolved earlier)"
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},
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"elections": {
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"text": "House of Lords - no elections (note - in 1999, as provided by the House of Lords Act, elections were held in the House of Lords to determine the 92 hereditary peers who would remain there; elections are held only as vacancies in the hereditary peerage arise); House of Commons - last held on 8 May 2015 (next to be held by May 2020)"
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"text": "Supreme Court (consists of 12 justices including the court president and deputy president); note - the Supreme Court was established by the Constitutional Reform Act 2005 and implemented in October 2009, replacing the Appellate Committee of the House of Lords as the highest court in the United Kingdom"
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},
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"judge selection and term of office": {
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"text": "judge candidates selected by an independent committee of several judicial commissions, followed by their recommendations to the prime minister, and appointed by Her Majesty The Queen; justices appointed during period of good behavior"
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"text": "judge candidates selected by an independent committee of several judicial commissions, followed by their recommendations to the prime minister, and appointed by Her Majesty The Queen; justices appointed for life"
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},
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"subordinate courts": {
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"text": "England and Wales - Court of Appeal (civil and criminal divisions); High Court; Crown Court; County Courts; Magistrates' Courts; Scotland - Court of Sessions; Sheriff Courts; High Court of Justiciary; tribunals; Northern Ireland - Court of Appeal in Northern Ireland; High Court; county courts; magistrates' courts; specialized tribunals"
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}
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},
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"Political parties and leaders": {
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"text": "Alliance Party (Northerm Ireland) [David FORD] ++ Conservative Party [David CAMERON] ++ Democratic Unionist Party or DUP (Northern Ireland) [Peter ROBINSON] ++ Green Party of England and Wales or Greens [Natalie BENNETT] ++ Labor Party [Jeremy CORBYN] ++ Liberal Democrats (Lib Dems) [Tim FARRON] ++ Party of Wales (Plaid Cymru) [Leanne WOOD] ++ Respect Party [George GALLOWAY] ++ Scottish National Party or SNP [Nicola STURGEON] ++ Sinn Fein (Northern Ireland) [Gerry ADAMS] ++ Social Democratic and Labor Party or SDLP (Northern Ireland) [Alasdair MCDONNELL] ++ Ulster Unionist Party (Northern Ireland) [Mike NESBITT] ++ UK Independence Party or UKIP [Nigel FARAGE]"
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"text": "Alliance Party (Northerm Ireland) [David FORD] ++ Conservative and Unionist Party [Theresea MAY] ++ Democratic Unionist Party or DUP (Northern Ireland) [Peter ROBINSON; note - expected to be replaced by Arlene FOSTER around 11 January 2016] ++ Green Party of England and Wales or Greens [Caroline LUCAS and Jonathan BARTLEY] ++ Labor Party [Jeremy CORBYN] ++ Liberal Democrats (Lib Dems) [Tim FARRON] ++ Party of Wales (Plaid Cymru) [Leanne WOOD] ++ Scottish National Party or SNP [Nicola STURGEON] ++ Sinn Fein (Northern Ireland) [Gerry ADAMS] ++ Social Democratic and Labor Party or SDLP (Northern Ireland) [Colum EASTWOOD] ++ Ulster Unionist Party (Northern Ireland) [Mike NESBITT] ++ UK Independence Party or UKIP [Nigel FARAGE]"
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},
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"Political pressure groups and leaders": {
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"text": "Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament ++ Confederation of British Industry ++ National Farmers' Union ++ Trades Union Congress"
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@ -477,7 +478,7 @@
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},
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"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
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"chief of mission": {
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"text": "Ambassador Peter John WESTMACOTT (since 17 January 2012)"
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"text": "Ambassador Sir Nigel Kim DARROCH (since 28 January 2016)"
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},
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"chancery": {
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"text": "3100 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008"
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@ -492,7 +493,7 @@
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"text": "Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Denver, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New York, San Francisco"
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},
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"consulate(s)": {
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"text": "Orlando (FL)"
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"text": "Orlando (FL), San Juan (PR)"
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}
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},
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"Diplomatic representation from the US": {
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@ -529,64 +530,64 @@
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"text": "unknown"
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},
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"note": {
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"text": "in use since 1745; by tradition, the song serves as both the national and royal anthem of the United Kingdom; it is known as either \"God Save the Queen\" or \"God Save the King,\" depending on the gender of the reigning monarch; it also serves as the royal anthem of many Commonwealth nations"
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"text": "in use since 1745; by tradition, the song serves as both the national and royal anthem of the UK; it is known as either \"God Save the Queen\" or \"God Save the King,\" depending on the gender of the reigning monarch; it also serves as the royal anthem of many Commonwealth nations"
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}
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}
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},
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"Economy": {
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"Economy - overview": {
|
||||
"text": "The UK, a leading trading power and financial center, is the third largest economy in Europe after Germany and France. Agriculture is intensive, highly mechanized, and efficient by European standards, producing about 60% of food needs with less than 2% of the labor force. The UK has large coal, natural gas, and oil resources, but its oil and natural gas reserves are declining and the UK has been a net importer of energy since 2005. Services, particularly banking, insurance, and business services, are key drivers of British GDP growth. Manufacturing, meanwhile, has declined in importance but still accounts for about 10% of economic output. ++ ++ In 2008, the global financial crisis hit the economy particularly hard, due to the importance of its financial sector. Falling home prices, high consumer debt, and the global economic slowdown compounded Britain's economic problems, pushing the economy into recession in the latter half of 2008 and prompting the then BROWN (Labour) government to implement a number of measures to stimulate the economy and stabilize the financial markets. Facing burgeoning public deficits and debt levels, in 2010 the CAMERON-led coalition government (between Conservatives and Liberal Democrats) initiated an austerity program, which aimed to lower London's budget deficit from about 11% of GDP in 2010 to nearly 1% by 2015. The CAMERON government raised the value added tax from 17.5% to 20% in 2011. It has pledged to reduce the corporation tax rate to 20% by 2015. However, the deficit still remains one of the highest in the G7, standing at 6.0% in 2014. ++ ++ In 2012, weak consumer spending and subdued business investment weighed on the economy, however, in 2013 GDP grew 1.7% and in 2014, 2.6%, accelerating unexpectedly because of greater consumer spending and a recovering housing market. ++ ++ The Bank of England (BoE) implemented an asset purchase program of <20>375 billion (approximately $586 billion) as of December 2014. During times of economic crisis, the BoE coordinates interest rate moves with the European Central Bank, but Britain remains outside the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU)."
|
||||
"text": "The UK, a leading trading power and financial center, is the third largest economy in Europe after Germany and France. Agriculture is intensive, highly mechanized, and efficient by European standards, producing about 60% of food needs with less than 2% of the labor force. The UK has large coal, natural gas, and oil resources, but its oil and natural gas reserves are declining; the UK has been a net importer of energy since 2005. Services, particularly banking, insurance, and business services, are key drivers of British GDP growth. Manufacturing, meanwhile, has declined in importance but still accounts for about 10% of economic output. ++ ++ In 2008, the global financial crisis hit the economy particularly hard, due to the importance of its financial sector. Falling home prices, high consumer debt, and the global economic slowdown compounded Britain's economic problems, pushing the economy into recession in the latter half of 2008 and prompting the then BROWN (Labour) government to implement a number of measures to stimulate the economy and stabilize the financial markets. Facing burgeoning public deficits and debt levels, in 2010 the CAMERON-led coalition government (between Conservatives and Liberal Democrats) initiated an austerity program, which has continued under the new Conservative majority government. However, the deficit still remains one of the highest in the G7, standing at 5.1% of GDP as of mid-2015. London intends to eliminate its deficit by 2020, primarily through additional cuts to public spending and welfare benefits. It has also pledged to lower its corporation tax from 20% to 18% by 2020. ++ ++ In 2012, weak consumer spending and subdued business investment weighed on the economy, however, GDP grew 1.7% in 2013 and 2.8% in 2014, accelerating because of greater consumer spending and a recovering housing market. As of late 2015, the Bank of England is examining when to begin raising interest rates from historically low levels while being cautious not to damage economic growth. While the UK is one of the fastest growing economies in the G7, economists are concerned about the potential negative impact if the UK votes to leave the EU. The UK has an extensive trade relationship with other EU members through its access to the single market and economic observers have warned an exit could jeopardize its position as the central location for European financial services."
|
||||
},
|
||||
"GDP (purchasing power parity)": {
|
||||
"text": "$2.569 trillion (2014 est.) ++ $2.495 trillion (2013 est.) ++ $2.454 trillion (2012 est.)",
|
||||
"text": "$2.702 trillion (2015 est.) ++ $2.643 trillion (2014 est.) ++ $2.564 trillion (2013 est.)",
|
||||
"note": {
|
||||
"text": "data are in 2014 US dollars"
|
||||
"text": "data are in 2015 US dollars"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"GDP (official exchange rate)": {
|
||||
"text": "$2.95 trillion (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$2.858 trillion (2015 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"GDP - real growth rate": {
|
||||
"text": "3% (2014 est.) ++ 1.7% (2013 est.) ++ 0.7% (2012 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "2.2% (2015 est.) ++ 3.1% (2014 est.) ++ 1.9% (2013 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"GDP - per capita (PPP)": {
|
||||
"text": "$39,800 (2014 est.) ++ $38,700 (2013 est.) ++ $38,000 (2012 est.)",
|
||||
"text": "$41,500 (2015 est.) ++ $40,900 (2014 est.) ++ $40,000 (2013 est.)",
|
||||
"note": {
|
||||
"text": "data are in 2014 US dollars"
|
||||
"text": "data are in 2015 US dollars"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Gross national saving": {
|
||||
"text": "11.9% of GDP (2014 est.) ++ 12.5% of GDP (2013 est.) ++ 12.6% of GDP (2012 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "11.9% of GDP (2015 est.) ++ 12.7% of GDP (2014 est.) ++ 12% of GDP (2013 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"GDP - composition, by end use": {
|
||||
"household consumption": {
|
||||
"text": "64.7%"
|
||||
"text": "65%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"government consumption": {
|
||||
"text": "19.7%"
|
||||
"text": "19.3%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"investment in fixed capital": {
|
||||
"text": "16.9%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"investment in inventories": {
|
||||
"text": "0.7%"
|
||||
"text": "0.8%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"exports of goods and services": {
|
||||
"text": "28.4%"
|
||||
"text": "27.3%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"imports of goods and services": {
|
||||
"text": "-30.3% ++ (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "-29.4% (2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"GDP - composition, by sector of origin": {
|
||||
"agriculture": {
|
||||
"text": "0.6%"
|
||||
"text": "0.7%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"industry": {
|
||||
"text": "19.9%"
|
||||
"text": "19.4%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"services": {
|
||||
"text": "79.5% ++ (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "80% ++ (2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Agriculture - products": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -596,10 +597,10 @@
|
|||
"text": "machine tools, electric power equipment, automation equipment, railroad equipment, shipbuilding, aircraft, motor vehicles and parts, electronics and communications equipment, metals, chemicals, coal, petroleum, paper and paper products, food processing, textiles, clothing, other consumer goods"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Industrial production growth rate": {
|
||||
"text": "1.5% (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "2% (2015 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Labor force": {
|
||||
"text": "32.76 million (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "33.06 million (2015 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Labor force - by occupation": {
|
||||
"agriculture": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -613,7 +614,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Unemployment rate": {
|
||||
"text": "6.2% (2014 est.) ++ 7.6% (2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "5.4% (2015 est.) ++ 6.2% (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Population below poverty line": {
|
||||
"text": "15% (2013 est.)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -631,20 +632,20 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Budget": {
|
||||
"revenues": {
|
||||
"text": "$936.2 billion"
|
||||
"text": "$1.107 trillion"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"expenditures": {
|
||||
"text": "$1.106 trillion (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$1.232 trillion (2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Taxes and other revenues": {
|
||||
"text": "31.7% of GDP (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "38.8% of GDP (2015 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)": {
|
||||
"text": "-5.7% of GDP (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "-4.4% of GDP (2015 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Public debt": {
|
||||
"text": "88.1% of GDP (2014 est.) ++ 86.2% of GDP (2013 est.)",
|
||||
"text": "89% of GDP (2015 est.) ++ 87.9% of GDP (2014 est.)",
|
||||
"note": {
|
||||
"text": "data cover general government debt, and include debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intra-governmental debt; intra-governmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; debt instruments for the social funds are not sold at public auctions"
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
@ -653,64 +654,69 @@
|
|||
"text": "6 April - 5 April"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Inflation rate (consumer prices)": {
|
||||
"text": "1.5% (2014 est.) ++ 2.6% (2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "0.1% (2015 est.) ++ 1.5% (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Central bank discount rate": {
|
||||
"text": "0.5% (31 December 2014) ++ 0.5% (31 December 2013)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Commercial bank prime lending rate": {
|
||||
"text": "4.45% (31 December 2014 est.) ++ 4.37% (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "4.51% (31 December 2015 est.) ++ 4.45% (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Stock of narrow money": {
|
||||
"text": "$106.4 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $108.6 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$106.7 billion (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $106.4 billion (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Stock of broad money": {
|
||||
"text": "$3.567 trillion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $3.491 trillion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Stock of domestic credit": {
|
||||
"text": "$3.366 trillion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $3.696 trillion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$3.195 trillion (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $3.366 trillion (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Market value of publicly traded shares": {
|
||||
"text": "$3.019 trillion (31 December 2012 est.) ++ $2.903 trillion (31 December 2011) ++ $3.107 trillion (31 December 2010 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$3.019 trillion (31 December 2012 est.) ++ $2.903 trillion (31 December 2011 est.) ++ $3.107 trillion (31 December 2010 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Current account balance": {
|
||||
"text": "-$173.9 billion (2014 est.) ++ -$119.8 billion (2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "-$153.3 billion (2015 est.) ++ -$140 billion (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Exports": {
|
||||
"text": "$480.8 billion (2014 est.) ++ $479.7 billion (2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$436.2 billion (2015 est.) ++ $483.4 billion (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Exports - commodities": {
|
||||
"text": "manufactured goods, fuels, chemicals; food, beverages, tobacco"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Exports - partners": {
|
||||
"text": "Germany 10.8%, US 10.4%, Netherlands 8.1%, Switzerland 7.2%, France 6.5%, Ireland 6.4%, Belgium 4.5% (2014)"
|
||||
"text": "US 14.6%, Germany 10.1%, Switzerland 7%, China 6%, France 5.9%, Netherlands 5.8%, Ireland 5.5% (2015)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Imports": {
|
||||
"text": "$802.1 billion (2014 est.) ++ $824.4 billion (2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$627.7 billion (2015 est.) ++ $685.8 billion (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Imports - commodities": {
|
||||
"text": "manufactured goods, machinery, fuels; foodstuffs"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Imports - partners": {
|
||||
"text": "Germany 14.9%, China 9%, Netherlands 7.8%, US 6.5%, France 6.1%, Belgium 5.2%, Italy 4.1% (2014)"
|
||||
"text": "Germany 14.8%, China 9.8%, US 9.2%, Netherlands 7.5%, France 5.8%, Belgium 5% (2015)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Reserves of foreign exchange and gold": {
|
||||
"text": "$107.7 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $104.4 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$129.6 billion (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $107.7 billion (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Debt - external": {
|
||||
"text": "$107.7 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $104.4 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$9.219 trillion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $9.411 trillion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Stock of direct foreign investment - at home": {
|
||||
"text": "$1.411 trillion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $1.363 trillion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$2.04 trillion (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $1.915 trillion (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad": {
|
||||
"text": "$1.711 trillion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $1.788 trillion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$1.959 trillion (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $2.146 trillion (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Exchange rates": {
|
||||
"text": "British pounds (GBP) per US dollar - ++ 0.607 (2014 est.) ++ 0.607 (2013 est.) ++ 0.63 (2012 est.) ++ 0.624 (2011 est.) ++ 0.6472 (2010 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "British pounds (GBP) per US dollar - ++ 0.6542 (2015 est.) ++ 0.607 (2014 est.) ++ 0.6391 (2013 est.) ++ 0.6324 (2012 est.) ++ 0.624 (2011 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Energy": {
|
||||
"Electricity access": {
|
||||
"electrification - total population": {
|
||||
"text": "100% (2016)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Electricity - production": {
|
||||
"text": "335 billion kWh (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -724,19 +730,19 @@
|
|||
"text": "20.5 billion kWh (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Electricity - installed generating capacity": {
|
||||
"text": "76.44 million kW (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "84.99 million kW (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Electricity - from fossil fuels": {
|
||||
"text": "70.7% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "71.1% of total installed capacity (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Electricity - from nuclear fuels": {
|
||||
"text": "9.8% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "11.7% of total installed capacity (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Electricity - from hydroelectric plants": {
|
||||
"text": "1.8% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "5.1% of total installed capacity (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Electricity - from other renewable sources": {
|
||||
"text": "14.7% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "12.2% of total installed capacity (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Crude oil - production": {
|
||||
"text": "787,200 bbl/day (2014 est.)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -784,18 +790,18 @@
|
|||
"Communications": {
|
||||
"Telephones - fixed lines": {
|
||||
"total subscriptions": {
|
||||
"text": "33.24 million"
|
||||
"text": "33.613 million"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
|
||||
"text": "52 (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "52 (July 2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "78.5 million"
|
||||
"text": "80.284 million"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
|
||||
"text": "123 (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "125 (July 2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Telephone system": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -806,31 +812,42 @@
|
|||
"text": "equal mix of buried cables, microwave radio relay, and fiber-optic systems"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"international": {
|
||||
"text": "country code - 44; numerous submarine cables provide links throughout Europe, Asia, Australia, the Middle East, and US; satellite earth stations - 10 Intelsat (7 Atlantic Ocean and 3 Indian Ocean), 1 Inmarsat (Atlantic Ocean region), and 1 Eutelsat; at least 8 large international switching centers (2011)"
|
||||
"text": "country code - 44; numerous submarine cables provide links throughout Europe, Asia, Australia, the Middle East, and US; satellite earth stations - 10 Intelsat (7 Atlantic Ocean and 3 Indian Ocean), 1 Inmarsat (Atlantic Ocean region), and 1 Eutelsat; at least 8 large international switching centers (2015)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Broadcast media": {
|
||||
"text": "public service broadcaster, British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC), is the largest broadcasting corporation in the world; BBC operates multiple TV networks with regional and local TV service; a mixed system of public and commercial TV broadcasters along with satellite and cable systems provide access to hundreds of TV stations throughout the world; BBC operates multiple national, regional, and local radio networks with multiple transmission sites; a large number of commercial radio stations, as well as satellite radio services are available (2008)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Radio broadcast stations": {
|
||||
"text": "AM 206, FM 696, shortwave 3 (2008)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Television broadcast stations": {
|
||||
"text": "940 (2008)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Internet country code": {
|
||||
"text": ".uk"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Internet users": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "57.3 million"
|
||||
"text": "58.961 million"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"percent of population": {
|
||||
"text": "89.9% (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "92% (July 2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Transportation": {
|
||||
"National air transport system": {
|
||||
"number of registered air carriers": {
|
||||
"text": "28"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers": {
|
||||
"text": "1,242"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers": {
|
||||
"text": "131,449,680"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"annual freight traffic on registered air carriers": {
|
||||
"text": "5,466,504,676 mt-km (2015)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Civil aircraft registration country code prefix": {
|
||||
"text": "G (2016)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Airports": {
|
||||
"text": "460 (2013)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -865,7 +882,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "26"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"under 914 m": {
|
||||
"text": " ++ 160 (2013)"
|
||||
"text": "160 (2013)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Heliports": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -876,13 +893,13 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Railways": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "30,858.5 km"
|
||||
"text": "16,837 km"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"broad gauge": {
|
||||
"text": "303 km 1.600-m gauge (in Northern Ireland)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"standard gauge": {
|
||||
"text": "30,555.5 km 1.435-m gauge (5,357 km electrified) (2014)"
|
||||
"text": "16,534 km 1.435-m gauge (5,357 km electrified) (2015)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Roadways": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -925,51 +942,27 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military": {
|
||||
"Military and Security": {
|
||||
"Military branches": {
|
||||
"text": "Army, Royal Navy (includes Royal Marines), Royal Air Force (2013)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military service age and obligation": {
|
||||
"text": "16-33 years of age (officers 17-28) for voluntary military service (with parental consent under 18); no conscription; women serve in military services, but are excluded from ground combat positions and some naval postings; must be citizen of the UK, Commonwealth, or Republic of Ireland; reservists serve a minimum of 3 years, to age 45 or 55; 17 years 6 months of age for voluntary military service by Nepalese citizens in the Brigade of Gurkhas; 16-34 years of age for voluntary military service by Papua New Guinean citizens (2012)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Manpower available for military service": {
|
||||
"males age 16-49": {
|
||||
"text": "14,856,917"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"females age 16-49": {
|
||||
"text": "14,307,316 (2010 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Manpower fit for military service": {
|
||||
"males age 16-49": {
|
||||
"text": "12,255,452"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"females age 16-49": {
|
||||
"text": "11,779,679 (2010 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually": {
|
||||
"male": {
|
||||
"text": "383,989"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"female": {
|
||||
"text": "365,491 (2010 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
"text": "16-33 years of age (officers 17-28) for voluntary military service (with parental consent under 18); no conscription; women serve in military services including some ground combat roles; the UK’s Defense Ministry is expected to further ease existing women's restrictions by the end of 2016; must be citizen of the UK, Commonwealth, or Republic of Ireland; reservists serve a minimum of 3 years, to age 45 or 55; 17 years 6 months of age for voluntary military service by Nepalese citizens in the Brigade of Gurkhas; 16-34 years of age for voluntary military service by Papua New Guinean citizens (2016)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military expenditures": {
|
||||
"text": "2.49% of GDP (2012) ++ 2.48% of GDP (2011) ++ 2.49% of GDP (2010)"
|
||||
"text": "2.07% of GDP (2015) ++ 2.2% of GDP (2014) ++ 2.3% of GDP (2013) ++ 2.49% of GDP (2012) ++ 2.48% of GDP (2011)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Transnational Issues": {
|
||||
"Disputes - international": {
|
||||
"text": "in 2002, Gibraltar residents voted overwhelmingly by referendum to reject any \"shared sovereignty\" arrangement between the UK and Spain; the Government of Gibraltar insisted on equal participation in talks between the two countries; Spain disapproved of UK plans to grant Gibraltar greater autonomy; Mauritius and Seychelles claim the Chagos Archipelago (British Indian Ocean Territory); in 2001, the former inhabitants of the archipelago, evicted 1967 - 1973, were granted U.K. citizenship and the right of return, followed by Orders in Council in 2004 that banned rehabitation, a High Court ruling reversed the ban, a Court of Appeal refusal to hear the case, and a Law Lords' decision in 2008 denied the right of return; in addition, the United Kingdom created the world's largest marine protection area around the Chagos islands prohibiting the extraction of any natural resources therein; UK rejects sovereignty talks requested by Argentina, which still claims the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands; territorial claim in Antarctica (British Antarctic Territory) overlaps Argentine claim and partially overlaps Chilean claim; Iceland, the UK, and Ireland dispute Denmark's claim that the Faroe Islands' continental shelf extends beyond 200 nm"
|
||||
"text": "in 2002, Gibraltar residents voted overwhelmingly by referendum to reject any \"shared sovereignty\" arrangement between the UK and Spain; the Government of Gibraltar insisted on equal participation in talks between the two countries; Spain disapproved of UK plans to grant Gibraltar greater autonomy; Mauritius and Seychelles claim the Chagos Archipelago (British Indian Ocean Territory); in 2001, the former inhabitants of the archipelago, evicted 1967 - 1973, were granted UK citizenship and the right of return, followed by Orders in Council in 2004 that banned rehabitation, a High Court ruling reversed the ban, a Court of Appeal refusal to hear the case, and a Law Lords' decision in 2008 denied the right of return; in addition, the UK created the world's largest marine protection area around the Chagos islands prohibiting the extraction of any natural resources therein; UK rejects sovereignty talks requested by Argentina, which still claims the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands; territorial claim in Antarctica (British Antarctic Territory) overlaps Argentine claim and partially overlaps Chilean claim; Iceland, the UK, and Ireland dispute Denmark's claim that the Faroe Islands' continental shelf extends beyond 200 nm"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "11,583 (Eritrea); 11,510 (Iran); 9,467 (Zimbabwe); 9,039 (Afghanistan); 8,509 (Somalia); 5,669 (Pakistan) (2014)"
|
||||
"text": "12,383 (Eritrea); 12,667 (Iran); 9,045 (Zimbabwe); 9,354 (Afghanistan); 6,977 (Somalia); 6,319 (Pakistan); 5,279 (Sri Lanka); 6,076 (Sudan); 6,496 (Syria) (2015)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "16 (2014)"
|
||||
"text": "41 (2015)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Illicit drugs": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Add table
Add a link
Reference in a new issue