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Gerald Bauer
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europe/mk.json
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europe/mk.json
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@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
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{
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"Introduction": {
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"Background": {
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"text": "Macedonia gained its independence peacefully from Yugoslavia in 1991. Greece's objection to the new state's use of what it considered a Hellenic name and symbols delayed international recognition, which occurred under the provisional designation of \"the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia.\" In 1995, Greece lifted a 20-month trade embargo and the two countries agreed to normalize relations, but the issue of the name remained unresolved and negotiations for a solution are ongoing. Since 2004, the US and over 130 other nations have recognized Macedonia by its constitutional name, Republic of Macedonia. Ethnic Albanian grievances over perceived political and economic inequities escalated into an insurgency in 2001 that eventually led to the internationally brokered Ohrid Framework Agreement, which ended the fighting and established guidelines for constitutional amendments and the creation of new laws that enhanced the rights of minorities. Although Macedonia became an EU candidate in 2005, the country still faces challenges, including fully implementing the Framework Agreement, resolving the outstanding name dispute with Greece, improving relations with Bulgaria, halting democratic backsliding, bolstering independence of the judiciary and media freedom, and stimulating economic growth and development. Macedonia's membership in NATO was blocked by Greece at the Alliance's Summit of Bucharest in 2008."
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"text": "Macedonia gained its independence peacefully from Yugoslavia in 1991. Greek objection to Macedonia’s name, insisting it implies territorial pretensions to the northern Greek province of the same name, have stalled the country’s movement toward Euro-Atlantic integration. Immediately after Macedonia declared independence, Greece sought to block Macedonian efforts to gain UN membership if the name “Macedonia” was used. Macedonia was eventually admitted to the UN in 1993 as “The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,” and at the same time it agreed to UN-sponsored negotiations on the name dispute. In 1995, Greece lifted a 20-month trade embargo and the two countries agreed to normalize relations, but the issue of the name remained unresolved and negotiations for a solution are ongoing. Since 2004, the US and over 130 other nations have recognized Macedonia by its constitutional name, Republic of Macedonia. Ethnic Albanian grievances over perceived political and economic inequities escalated into an insurgency in 2001 that eventually led to the internationally brokered Ohrid Framework Agreement, which ended the fighting and established guidelines for constitutional amendments and the creation of new laws that enhanced the rights of minorities. Relations between Macedonians and ethnic Albanians remain fragile, however. Although Macedonia became an EU candidate in 2005, the country still faces challenges, including overcoming the ongoing political crisis that began in 2015 when opposition party SDSM began releasing wiretap content that it alleged showed widespread government corruption, the ongoing migration crisis, fully implementing the Framework Agreement, resolving the outstanding name dispute with Greece, improving relations with Bulgaria, halting democratic backsliding, and stimulating economic growth and development. Macedonia's membership in NATO was blocked by Greece at the Alliance's Summit of Bucharest in 2008."
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}
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},
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"Geography": {
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@ -48,12 +48,12 @@
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"Terrain": {
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"text": "mountainous with deep basins and valleys; three large lakes, each divided by a frontier line; country bisected by the Vardar River"
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},
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"Elevation extremes": {
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"lowest point": {
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"text": "Vardar River 50 m"
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"Elevation": {
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"mean elevation": {
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"text": "741 m"
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},
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"highest point": {
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"text": "Golem Korab (Maja e Korabit) 2,764 m"
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"elevation extremes": {
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"text": "lowest point: Vardar River 50 m ++ highest point: Golem Korab (Maja e Korabit) 2,764 m"
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}
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},
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"Natural resources": {
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@ -71,18 +71,10 @@
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}
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},
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"Irrigated land": {
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"text": "1,278 sq km (2004)"
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"text": "1,280 sq km (2012)"
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},
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"Total renewable water resources": {
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"text": "6.4 cu km (2011)"
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},
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"Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural)": {
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"total": {
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"text": "1.03 cu km/yr (21%/67%/12%)"
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},
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"per capita": {
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"text": "502 cu m/yr (2007)"
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}
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"Population - distribution": {
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"text": "a fairly even distribution throughout most of the country, with urban areas attracting larger and denser populations"
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},
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"Natural hazards": {
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"text": "high seismic risks"
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@ -103,6 +95,9 @@
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}
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},
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"People and Society": {
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"Population": {
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"text": "2,100,025 (July 2016 est.)"
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},
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"Nationality": {
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"noun": {
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"text": "Macedonian(s)"
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@ -120,27 +115,21 @@
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"Religions": {
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"text": "Macedonian Orthodox 64.8%, Muslim 33.3%, other Christian 0.4%, other and unspecified 1.5% (2002 est.)"
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},
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"Population": {
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"text": "2,096,015 (July 2015 est.)"
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},
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"Age structure": {
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"0-14 years": {
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"text": "17.48% (male 189,719/female 176,751)"
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"text": "17.27% (male 187,752/female 174,935)"
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},
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"15-24 years": {
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"text": "13.88% (male 150,048/female 140,834)"
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"text": "13.69% (male 148,340/female 139,195)"
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},
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"25-54 years": {
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"text": "43.69% (male 464,811/female 450,914)"
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"text": "43.65% (male 465,622/female 451,028)"
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},
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"55-64 years": {
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"text": "12.21% (male 125,327/female 130,617)"
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"text": "12.3% (male 126,548/female 131,749)"
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},
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"65 years and over": {
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"text": "12.74% (male 114,357/female 152,637) (2015 est.)"
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},
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"population pyramid": {
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"text": null
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"text": "13.09% (male 117,787/female 157,069) (2016 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Dependency ratios": {
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@ -159,26 +148,29 @@
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},
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"Median age": {
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"total": {
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"text": "37.2 years"
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"text": "37.5 years"
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},
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"male": {
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"text": "36.1 years"
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"text": "36.4 years"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "38.3 years (2015 est.)"
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"text": "38.6 years (2016 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Population growth rate": {
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"text": "0.2% (2015 est.)"
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"text": "0.18% (2016 est.)"
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},
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"Birth rate": {
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"text": "11.55 births/1,000 population (2015 est.)"
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"text": "11.5 births/1,000 population (2016 est.)"
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},
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"Death rate": {
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"text": "9.08 deaths/1,000 population (2015 est.)"
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"text": "9.1 deaths/1,000 population (2016 est.)"
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},
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"Net migration rate": {
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"text": "-0.48 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2015 est.)"
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"text": "-0.5 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2016 est.)"
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},
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"Population distribution": {
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"text": "a fairly even distribution throughout most of the country, with urban areas attracting larger and denser populations"
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},
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"Urbanization": {
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"urban population": {
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@ -211,42 +203,45 @@
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"text": "0.75 male(s)/female"
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},
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"total population": {
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"text": "0.99 male(s)/female (2015 est.)"
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"text": "0.99 male(s)/female (2016 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Mother's mean age at first birth": {
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"text": "26.6 (2013 est.)"
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},
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"Maternal mortality rate": {
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"text": "8 deaths/100,000 live births (2015 est.)"
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},
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"Infant mortality rate": {
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"total": {
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"text": "7.7 deaths/1,000 live births"
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"text": "7.5 deaths/1,000 live births"
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},
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"male": {
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"text": "7.96 deaths/1,000 live births"
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"text": "7.8 deaths/1,000 live births"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "7.42 deaths/1,000 live births (2015 est.)"
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"text": "7.2 deaths/1,000 live births (2016 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Life expectancy at birth": {
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"total population": {
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"text": "76.02 years"
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"text": "76.2 years"
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},
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"male": {
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"text": "73.44 years"
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"text": "73.6 years"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "78.79 years (2015 est.)"
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"text": "79 years (2016 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Total fertility rate": {
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"text": "1.6 children born/woman (2015 est.)"
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"text": "1.6 children born/woman (2016 est.)"
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},
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"Contraceptive prevalence rate": {
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"text": "40.2% (2011)"
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},
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"Health expenditures": {
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"text": "6.4% of GDP (2013)"
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"text": "6.5% of GDP (2014)"
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},
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"Physicians density": {
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"text": "2.62 physicians/1,000 population (2009)"
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@ -307,7 +302,7 @@
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"text": "13 years"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "14 years (2012)"
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"text": "13 years (2012)"
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}
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},
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"Child labor - children ages 5-14": {
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@ -320,13 +315,13 @@
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},
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"Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": {
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"total": {
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"text": "53.9%"
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"text": "53.1%"
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},
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"male": {
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"text": "55.2%"
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"text": "52%"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "51.7% (2012 est.)"
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"text": "55% (2014 est.)"
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}
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}
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},
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@ -349,10 +344,13 @@
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},
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"former": {
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"text": "People's Republic of Macedonia, Socialist Republic of Macedonia"
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},
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"etymology": {
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"text": "the country name derives from the ancient kingdom of Macedon (7th to 2nd centuries B.C.)"
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}
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},
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"Government type": {
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"text": "parliamentary democracy"
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"text": "parliamentary republic"
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},
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"Capital": {
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"name": {
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@ -378,7 +376,7 @@
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"text": "Independence Day, 8 September (1991); also known as National Day"
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},
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"Constitution": {
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"text": "several previous; latest adopted 17 November 1991, effective 20 November 1991; amended several times, last in 2011 (2015)"
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"text": "several previous; latest adopted 17 November 1991, effective 20 November 1991; amended several times, last in 2015 (2016)"
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},
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"Legal system": {
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"text": "civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts"
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@ -386,6 +384,20 @@
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"International law organization participation": {
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"text": "has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction"
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},
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"Citizenship": {
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"citizenship by birth": {
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"text": "no"
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},
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"citizenship by descent only": {
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"text": "at least one parent must be a citizen of Macedonia"
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},
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"dual citizenship recognized": {
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"text": "no"
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},
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"residency requirement for naturalization": {
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"text": "8 years"
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}
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},
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"Suffrage": {
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"text": "18 years of age; universal"
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},
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@ -394,16 +406,16 @@
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"text": "President Gjorge IVANOV (since 12 May 2009)"
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},
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"head of government": {
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"text": "Prime Minister Nikola GRUEVSKI (since 26 August 2006)"
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"text": "Interim Prime Minister Emil DIMITRIEV (since 18 January 2016); Prime Minister Nikola GRUEVSKI (since 26 August 2006) resigned on 15 January 2016"
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},
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"cabinet": {
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"text": "Council of Ministers elected by the Assembly by simple majority vote; note - current cabinet formed by the government coalition parties VMRO-DPMNE, DUI, and several small parties"
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"text": "Council of Ministers elected by the Assembly by simple majority vote; note - the 2014 cabinet formed by the government coalition parties VMRO-DPMNE, DUI, and several small parties; as a result of an agreement reached in July 2015 between the largest parties to resolve a 16-month opposition boycott of the Assembly, several minister and deputy minister positions were also given to the opposition SDSM"
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},
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"elections/appointments": {
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"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 13 and 27 April 2014 (next to be held in 2019); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually elected prime minister by the Assembly"
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},
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"election results": {
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"text": "Gjorge IVANOV reelected president in second round; percent of vote - Gjorge IVANOV (independent) 55.3%, Stevo PENDAROVSKI (SDSM) 41.1%"
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"text": "Gjorge IVANOV reelected president in second round; percent of vote - Gjorge IVANOV (independent) 55.3%, Stevo PENDAROVSKI (SDSM) 41.1%, other 3.6%"
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}
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},
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"Legislative branch": {
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@ -411,10 +423,10 @@
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"text": "unicameral Assembly or Sobranie (123 seats; 120 members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote and 3 directly elected in diaspora constituencies worldwide by simple majority vote; members serve 4-year terms)"
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},
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"elections": {
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"text": "last held on 27 April 2014 (next to be held on 24 April 2016); note - election has been moved up because of political unrest"
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"text": "last held on 27 April 2014 (the election scheduled for 5 June 2016 has been postponed until 11 December 2016)"
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},
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"election results": {
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"text": "percent of vote by party - VMRO-DPMNE 43.0%, SDSM 25.3%, DUI 13.7%, DPA 5.9%, GROM 2.8%, NDR 1.6%, other 4.3%, invalid 3.4%; seats by party - VMRO-DPMNE 61, SDSM 34, DUI 19, DPA 7, GROM 1, NDR 1"
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"text": "percent of vote by party - VMRO-DPMNE 43.0%, SDSM 25.3%, BDI 13.7%, PDSh 5.9%, GROM 2.8%, RDK 1.6%, other 4.3%, invalid 3.4%; seats by party - VMRO-DPMNE 61, SDSM 34, BDI 19, PDSh 7, GROM 1, RDK 1"
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}
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},
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"Judicial branch": {
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@ -422,14 +434,14 @@
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"text": "Supreme Court (consist of NA judges); Constitutional Court (consists of 9 judges)"
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},
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"judge selection and term of office": {
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"text": "Supreme Court judges nominated by the Judicial Council, a 7-member body of legal professionals, and appointed by the Assembly; judge tenure NA; Constitutional Court judges appointed by the legislature for nonrenewable, 9-year terms"
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"text": "Supreme Court judges nominated by the Judicial Council, a 7-member body of legal professionals, and appointed by the Assembly; judge tenure NA; Constitutional Court judges appointed by the Assembly for nonrenewable, 9-year terms"
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},
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"subordinate courts": {
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"text": "Courts of Appeal; Basic Courts"
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}
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},
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"Political parties and leaders": {
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"text": "Citizens Option for Macedonia or GROM [Stevco JAKIMOVSKI] ++ Democratic Party of Albanians or DPA [Menduh THACI] ++ Democratic Union for Integration or DUI [Ali AHMETI] ++ Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization - Democratic Party for Macedonian National Unity or VMRO-DPMNE [Nikola GRUEVSKI] ++ National Democratic Revival or NDR [Vesel MEMEDI] ++ Social Democratic Union of Macedonia or SDSM [Zoran ZAEV]",
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"text": "Citizens Option for Macedonia or GROM [Stevco JAKIMOVSKI] ++ Democratic Party of Albanians or PDSh [Menduh THACI] ++ Democratic Union for Integration or BDI [Ali AHMETI] ++ Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization - Democratic Party for Macedonian National Unity or VMRO-DPMNE [Nikola GRUEVSKI] ++ National Democratic Revival or RDK [Vesel MEMEDI] ++ Social Democratic Union of Macedonia or SDSM [Zoran ZAEV]",
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"note": {
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"text": "during the 2014 parliamentary elections VMRO-DPMNE, SDSM, and GROM each led coalitions"
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}
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@ -488,64 +500,64 @@
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"text": "Vlado MALESKI/Todor SKALOVSKI"
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},
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"note": {
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"text": "adopted 1991; written in 1943, the song previously served as the anthem of the Socialist Republic of Macedonia while part of Yugoslavia"
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"text": "written in 1943 and adopted in 1991 , the song previously served as the anthem of the Socialist Republic of Macedonia while part of Yugoslavia"
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}
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}
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},
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"Economy": {
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"Economy - overview": {
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"text": "Since its independence in 1991, Macedonia has made progress in liberalizing its economy and improving its business environment, but has lagged the Balkan region in attracting foreign investment. Corruption and weak rule of law remain significant problems. Some businesses complain of opaque regulations and unequal enforcement of the law. Unemployment has remained consistently high at more than 30% since 2008, but may be overstated based on the existence of an extensive gray market, estimated to be between 20% and 45% of GDP, which is not captured by official statistics. Macedonia’s economy is closely linked to Europe as a customer for exports and source of investment, and has suffered as a result of prolonged weakness in the euro zone. Macedonia maintained macroeconomic stability through the global financial crisis by conducting prudent monetary policy, which keeps the domestic currency pegged against the euro, and by limiting fiscal deficits. The government has been loosening fiscal policy, however, and the budget deficit was 4.2% of GDP in both 2013 and 2014. Public debt at the end of 2014 was 45.8%, which although low by regional comparison, is significant for a small economy."
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"text": "Since its independence in 1991, Macedonia has made progress in liberalizing its economy and improving its business environment, but has lagged the Balkan region in attracting foreign investment. Corruption and weak rule of law remain significant problems. Some businesses complain of opaque regulations and unequal enforcement of the law. ++ ++ Macedonia’s economy is closely linked to Europe as a customer for exports and source of investment, and has suffered as a result of prolonged weakness in the euro zone. Unemployment has remained consistently high at about 30% since 2008, but may be overstated based on the existence of an extensive gray market, estimated to be between 20% and 45% of GDP, which is not captured by official statistics. ++ ++ Macedonia maintained macroeconomic stability through the global financial crisis by conducting prudent monetary policy, which keeps the domestic currency pegged against the euro, and by limiting fiscal deficits. The government has been loosening fiscal policy, however, and the budget deficit was 4.2% of GDP in both 2013 and 2014, gradually falling to 3.7% in 2015. By yearend 2015, public debt was 40.3%, which although low by regional comparison, is significant for a small economy."
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},
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"GDP (purchasing power parity)": {
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"text": "$27.72 billion (2014 est.) ++ $26.72 billion (2013 est.) ++ $26.02 billion (2012 est.)",
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"text": "$29.1 billion (2015 est.) ++ $28.07 billion (2014 est.) ++ $27.11 billion (2013 est.)",
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"note": {
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"text": "data are in 2014 US dollars; Macedonia has a large informal sector that may not be reflected in these data"
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"text": "data are in 2015 US dollars; Macedonia has a large informal sector that may not be reflected in these data"
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}
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},
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"GDP (official exchange rate)": {
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"text": "$11.34 billion (2014 est.)"
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"text": "$10.09 billion (2015 est.)"
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},
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"GDP - real growth rate": {
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"text": "3.8% (2014 est.) ++ 2.7% (2013 est.) ++ -0.5% (2012 est.)"
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"text": "3.7% (2015 est.) ++ 3.5% (2014 est.) ++ 2.9% (2013 est.)"
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},
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"GDP - per capita (PPP)": {
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"text": "$13,400 (2014 est.) ++ $12,900 (2013 est.) ++ $12,600 (2012 est.)",
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"text": "$14,000 (2015 est.) ++ $13,600 (2014 est.) ++ $13,100 (2013 est.)",
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"note": {
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"text": "data are in 2014 US dollars"
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"text": "data are in 2015 US dollars"
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}
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},
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"Gross national saving": {
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"text": "29.2% of GDP (2014 est.) ++ 26.7% of GDP (2013 est.) ++ 26% of GDP (2012 est.)"
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"text": "30.5% of GDP (2015 est.) ++ 29.7% of GDP (2014 est.) ++ 27.2% of GDP (2013 est.)"
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},
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"GDP - composition, by end use": {
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||||
"household consumption": {
|
||||
"text": "69.8%"
|
||||
"text": "67.7%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"government consumption": {
|
||||
"text": "16.8%"
|
||||
"text": "16.7%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"investment in fixed capital": {
|
||||
"text": "23.4%"
|
||||
"text": "18.2%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"investment in inventories": {
|
||||
"text": "7.3%"
|
||||
"text": "13.7%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"exports of goods and services": {
|
||||
"text": "47.7%"
|
||||
"text": "48.5%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"imports of goods and services": {
|
||||
"text": "-64.9% ++ (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "-64.8% (2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"GDP - composition, by sector of origin": {
|
||||
"agriculture": {
|
||||
"text": "10.2%"
|
||||
"text": "11.2%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"industry": {
|
||||
"text": "24.8%"
|
||||
"text": "26.1%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"services": {
|
||||
"text": "65% (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "62.7% (2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Agriculture - products": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -555,10 +567,10 @@
|
|||
"text": "food processing, beverages, textiles, chemicals, iron, steel, cement, energy, pharmaceuticals, automotive parts"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Industrial production growth rate": {
|
||||
"text": "5% (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "7.8% (2015 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Labor force": {
|
||||
"text": "959,200 (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "954,900 (2015 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Labor force - by occupation": {
|
||||
"agriculture": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -572,7 +584,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Unemployment rate": {
|
||||
"text": "28% (2014 est.) ++ 29% (2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "26.1% (2015 est.) ++ 28% (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Population below poverty line": {
|
||||
"text": "30.4% (2011 est.)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -590,29 +602,29 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Budget": {
|
||||
"revenues": {
|
||||
"text": "$3.143 billion"
|
||||
"text": "$2.903 billion"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"expenditures": {
|
||||
"text": "$3.619 billion (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$3.252 billion (2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Taxes and other revenues": {
|
||||
"text": "27.7% of GDP (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "29.3% of GDP (2015 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)": {
|
||||
"text": "-4.2% of GDP (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "-3.5% of GDP (2015 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Public debt": {
|
||||
"text": "45.8% of GDP (2014 est.) ++ 40.5% of GDP (2013 est.)",
|
||||
"text": "46.5% of GDP (2015 est.) ++ 46% of GDP (2014 est.)",
|
||||
"note": {
|
||||
"text": "official data from Ministry of Finance; data cover central government debt; this data excludes debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; includes treasury debt held by foreign entitites; excludes debt issued by sub-national entities, as well as intra-governmental debt; there are no debt instruments sold for social funds"
|
||||
"text": "official data from Ministry of Finance; data cover central government debt; this data exclude debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; include treasury debt held by foreign entitites; exclude debt issued by sub-national entities, as well as intra-governmental debt; there are no debt instruments sold for social funds"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Fiscal year": {
|
||||
"text": "calendar year"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Inflation rate (consumer prices)": {
|
||||
"text": "-0.1% (2014 est.) ++ 2.8% (2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "-0.2% (2015 est.) ++ -0.1% (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Central bank discount rate": {
|
||||
"text": "3.25% (31 December 2014) ++ 3.25% (31 December 2013)",
|
||||
|
|
@ -621,58 +633,63 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Commercial bank prime lending rate": {
|
||||
"text": "5.2% (31 December 2014 est.) ++ 5.4% (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "7.08% (31 December 2015 est.) ++ 7.46% (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Stock of narrow money": {
|
||||
"text": "$1.692 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $1.569 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$1.797 billion (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $1.692 billion (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Stock of broad money": {
|
||||
"text": "$6.129 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $6.282 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Stock of domestic credit": {
|
||||
"text": "$5.093 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $5.552 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$5.308 billion (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $5.111 billion (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Market value of publicly traded shares": {
|
||||
"text": "$2.084 billion (31 December 2014) ++ $2.302 billion (31 December 2013) ++ $2.423 billion (31 December 2012)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Current account balance": {
|
||||
"text": "-$151 million (2014 est.) ++ -$195 million (2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "-$141 million (2015 est.) ++ -$91 million (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Exports": {
|
||||
"text": "$4.934 billion (2014 est.) ++ $4.267 billion (2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$3.372 billion (2015 est.) ++ $3.682 billion (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Exports - commodities": {
|
||||
"text": "foodstuffs, beverages, tobacco; textiles, miscellaneous manufactures, iron, steel; automotive parts"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Exports - partners": {
|
||||
"text": "Germany 41.4%, Bulgaria 6.6%, Italy 6.1%, Serbia 5.2%, Kosovo 4.7%, Greece 4.6% (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "Germany 33.2%, Kosovo 11.5%, Bulgaria 5.1%, Greece 4.5% (2015)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Imports": {
|
||||
"text": "$6.15 billion (2014 est.) ++ $5.617 billion (2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$5.393 billion (2015 est.) ++ $6.15 billion (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Imports - commodities": {
|
||||
"text": "machinery and equipment, automobiles, chemicals, fuels, food products"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Imports - partners": {
|
||||
"text": "UK 12.3%, Germany 11.1%, Greece 9.2%, Serbia 8.2%, Italy 6.2%, China 5.9%, Bulgaria 5.3%, Turkey 5.1% (2014)"
|
||||
"text": "Germany 15.9%, UK 13.6%, Greece 10.9%, Serbia 8.7%, Bulgaria 6.7%, Turkey 5.5%, Italy 4.7% (2015)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Reserves of foreign exchange and gold": {
|
||||
"text": "$2.963 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $2.747 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$2.471 billion (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $2.963 billion (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Debt - external": {
|
||||
"text": "$7.855 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $6.934 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$7.029 billion (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $7.241 billion (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Stock of direct foreign investment - at home": {
|
||||
"text": "$6.007 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $5.88 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$6.123 billion (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $5.93 billion (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad": {
|
||||
"text": "$500.5 million (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $743.5 million (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$599.6 million (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $600.3 million (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Exchange rates": {
|
||||
"text": "Macedonian denars (MKD) per US dollar - ++ 46.437 (31 December 2014 est.) ++ 46.437 (31 December 2013 est.) ++ 47.89 (2012 est.) ++ 44.231 (2011 est.) ++ 46.485 (2010 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "Macedonian denars (MKD) per US dollar - ++ 55.537 (2015 est.) ++ 46.437 (2014 est.) ++ 46.437 (31 December 2013 est.) ++ 47.89 (2012 est.) ++ 44.231 (2011 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Energy": {
|
||||
"Electricity access": {
|
||||
"electrification - total population": {
|
||||
"text": "100% (2016)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Electricity - production": {
|
||||
"text": "4.569 billion kWh (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -746,18 +763,18 @@
|
|||
"Communications": {
|
||||
"Telephones - fixed lines": {
|
||||
"total subscriptions": {
|
||||
"text": "390,000"
|
||||
"text": "372,557"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
|
||||
"text": "19 (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "18 (July 2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "2.3 million"
|
||||
"text": "2.223 million"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
|
||||
"text": "110 (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "106 (July 2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Telephone system": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -765,29 +782,26 @@
|
|||
"text": "competition from the mobile-cellular segment of the telecommunications market has led to a drop in fixed-line telephone subscriptions"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"domestic": {
|
||||
"text": "combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular telephone subscribership about 130 per 100 persons"
|
||||
"text": "combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular telephone subscribership about 120 per 100 persons"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"international": {
|
||||
"text": "country code - 389 (2012)"
|
||||
"text": "country code - 389 (2015)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Broadcast media": {
|
||||
"text": "public TV broadcaster operates 3 national channels and a satellite network; 5 privately owned TV channels broadcast nationally using terrestrial transmitters and about 15 broadcast on national level via satellite; roughly 75 local commercial TV stations; large number of cable operators offering domestic and international programming; public radio broadcaster operates over multiple stations; 3 privately owned radio stations broadcast nationally; about 70 local commercial radio stations (2012)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Radio broadcast stations": {
|
||||
"text": "AM 1, FM 68, shortwave 0 (2009)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Television broadcast stations": {
|
||||
"text": "76 (2009)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Internet country code": {
|
||||
"text": ".mk"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Internet users": {
|
||||
"text": "1.1 million ++ 51.1% (2009)"
|
||||
"text": "1.475 million ++ 70.4% (July 2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Transportation": {
|
||||
"Civil aircraft registration country code prefix": {
|
||||
"text": "Z3 (2016)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Airports": {
|
||||
"text": "10 (2013)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -810,7 +824,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "1"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"under 914 m": {
|
||||
"text": " ++ 1 (2013)"
|
||||
"text": "1 (2013)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Pipelines": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -836,37 +850,13 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military": {
|
||||
"Military and Security": {
|
||||
"Military branches": {
|
||||
"text": "Army of the Republic of Macedonia (ARM; includes General Staff and subordinate Joint Operational Command, Training and Doctrine Command, Special Operations Regiment) (2012)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military service age and obligation": {
|
||||
"text": "18 years of age for voluntary military service; conscription abolished in 2008 (2013)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Manpower available for military service": {
|
||||
"males age 16-49": {
|
||||
"text": "532,196"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"females age 16-49": {
|
||||
"text": "511,964 (2010 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Manpower fit for military service": {
|
||||
"males age 16-49": {
|
||||
"text": "443,843"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"females age 16-49": {
|
||||
"text": "426,251 (2010 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually": {
|
||||
"male": {
|
||||
"text": "16,144"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"female": {
|
||||
"text": "14,920 (2010 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military expenditures": {
|
||||
"text": "1.08% of GDP (2015) ++ 1.17% of GDP (2014) ++ 1.14% of GDP (2013) ++ 1.2% of GDP (2012) ++ 1.3% of GDP (2011)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
@ -877,10 +867,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "741 (2014)"
|
||||
"text": "667 (2015)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": {
|
||||
"text": "224,911 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (November 2015)"
|
||||
"text": "477,997 refugee and migrant arrivals (2015 - October 2016 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Illicit drugs": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Add table
Add a link
Reference in a new issue