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nov/5 up
This commit is contained in:
Gerald Bauer
parent
780ac9e05b
commit
ca94e2fef5
261 changed files with 32420 additions and 31899 deletions
319
europe/it.json
319
europe/it.json
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@ -29,10 +29,7 @@
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}
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},
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"Area - comparative": {
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"text": "almost twice the size of Georgia; slightly larger than Arizona",
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"Area comparison map": {
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"text": null
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}
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"text": "almost twice the size of Georgia; slightly larger than Arizona"
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},
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"Land boundaries": {
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"total": {
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@ -59,12 +56,12 @@
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"Terrain": {
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"text": "mostly rugged and mountainous; some plains, coastal lowlands"
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},
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"Elevation extremes": {
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"lowest point": {
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"text": "Mediterranean Sea 0 m"
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"Elevation": {
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"mean elevation": {
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"text": "538 m"
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},
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"highest point": {
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"text": "Mont Blanc (Monte Bianco) de Courmayeur 4,748 m (a secondary peak of Mont Blanc)"
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"elevation extremes": {
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"text": "lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m ++ highest point: Mont Blanc (Monte Bianco) de Courmayeur 4,748 m (a secondary peak of Mont Blanc)"
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}
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},
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"Natural resources": {
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@ -82,18 +79,10 @@
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}
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},
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"Irrigated land": {
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"text": "39,510 sq km (2007)"
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"text": "39,500 sq km (2012)"
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},
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"Total renewable water resources": {
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"text": "191.3 cu km (2011)"
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},
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"Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural)": {
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"total": {
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"text": "45.41 cu km/yr (24%/43%/34%)"
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},
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"per capita": {
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"text": "789.8 cu m/yr (2008)"
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}
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"Population - distribution": {
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"text": "despite a distinctive pattern with an industrial north and an agrarian south, a fairly even population distribution exists throughout most of the country, with coastal areas, the Po River Valley, and urban centers (particularly Milan, Rome, and Naples), attracting larger and denser populations"
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},
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"Natural hazards": {
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"text": "regional risks include landslides, mudflows, avalanches, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, flooding; land subsidence in Venice",
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@ -117,6 +106,9 @@
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}
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},
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"People and Society": {
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"Population": {
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"text": "62,007,540 (July 2016 est.)"
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},
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"Nationality": {
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"noun": {
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"text": "Italian(s)"
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@ -129,32 +121,26 @@
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"text": "Italian (includes small clusters of German-, French-, and Slovene-Italians in the north and Albanian-Italians and Greek-Italians in the south)"
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},
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"Languages": {
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"text": "Italian (official), German (parts of Trentino-Alto Adige region are predominantly German-speaking), French (small French-speaking minority in Valle d'Aosta region), Slovene (Slovene-speaking minority in the Trieste-Gorizia area)"
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"text": "Italian (official), German (parts of Trentino-Alto Adige region are predominantly German speaking), French (small French-speaking minority in Valle d'Aosta region), Slovene (Slovene-speaking minority in the Trieste-Gorizia area)"
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},
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"Religions": {
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"text": "Christian 80% (overwhelmingly Roman Catholic with very small groups of Jehovah's Witnesses and Protestants), Muslim (about 800,000 to 1 million), Atheist and Agnostic 20%"
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},
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"Population": {
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"text": "61,855,120 (July 2015 est.)"
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"text": "Christian 80% (overwhelmingly Roman Catholic with very small groups of Jehovah's Witnesses and Protestants), Muslim (about 800,000 to 1 million), atheist and agnostic 20%"
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},
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"Age structure": {
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"0-14 years": {
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"text": "13.73% (male 4,340,380/female 4,154,737)"
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"text": "13.69% (male 4,337,792/female 4,151,901)"
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},
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"15-24 years": {
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"text": "9.79% (male 3,035,586/female 3,020,584)"
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"text": "9.74% (male 3,026,359/female 3,012,882)"
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},
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"25-54 years": {
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"text": "42.74% (male 13,063,733/female 13,375,975)"
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"text": "42.46% (male 13,003,171/female 13,326,901)"
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},
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"55-64 years": {
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"text": "12.54% (male 3,756,546/female 3,997,190)"
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"text": "12.73% (male 3,826,630/female 4,069,855)"
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},
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"65 years and over": {
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"text": "21.2% (male 5,626,752/female 7,483,637) (2015 est.)"
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},
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"population pyramid": {
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"text": null
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"text": "21.37% (male 5,696,612/female 7,555,437) (2016 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Dependency ratios": {
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@ -173,26 +159,29 @@
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},
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"Median age": {
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"total": {
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"text": "44.8 years"
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"text": "45.1 years"
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},
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"male": {
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"text": "43.7 years"
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"text": "44 years"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "45.9 years (2015 est.)"
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"text": "46.2 years (2016 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Population growth rate": {
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"text": "0.27% (2015 est.)"
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"text": "0.23% (2016 est.)"
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},
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"Birth rate": {
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"text": "8.74 births/1,000 population (2015 est.)"
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"text": "8.7 births/1,000 population (2016 est.)"
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},
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"Death rate": {
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"text": "10.19 deaths/1,000 population (2015 est.)"
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"text": "10.3 deaths/1,000 population (2016 est.)"
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},
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"Net migration rate": {
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"text": "4.1 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2015 est.)"
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"text": "3.9 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2016 est.)"
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},
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"Population distribution": {
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"text": "despite a distinctive pattern with an industrial north and an agrarian south, a fairly even population distribution exists throughout most of the country, with coastal areas, the Po River Valley, and urban centers (particularly Milan, Rome, and Naples), attracting larger and denser populations"
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},
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"Urbanization": {
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"urban population": {
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@ -210,10 +199,10 @@
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"text": "1.06 male(s)/female"
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},
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"0-14 years": {
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"text": "1.05 male(s)/female"
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"text": "1.04 male(s)/female"
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},
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"15-24 years": {
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"text": "1.01 male(s)/female"
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"text": "1 male(s)/female"
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},
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"25-54 years": {
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"text": "0.98 male(s)/female"
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@ -225,39 +214,42 @@
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"text": "0.75 male(s)/female"
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},
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"total population": {
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"text": "0.93 male(s)/female (2015 est.)"
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"text": "0.93 male(s)/female (2016 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Mother's mean age at first birth": {
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"text": "30.3 (2011 est.)"
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},
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"Maternal mortality rate": {
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"text": "4 deaths/100,000 live births (2015 est.)"
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},
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"Infant mortality rate": {
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"total": {
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"text": "3.29 deaths/1,000 live births"
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"text": "3.3 deaths/1,000 live births"
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},
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"male": {
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"text": "3.49 deaths/1,000 live births"
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"text": "3.5 deaths/1,000 live births"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "3.08 deaths/1,000 live births (2015 est.)"
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"text": "3.1 deaths/1,000 live births (2016 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Life expectancy at birth": {
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"total population": {
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"text": "82.12 years"
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"text": "82.2 years"
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},
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"male": {
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"text": "79.48 years"
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"text": "79.6 years"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "84.92 years (2015 est.)"
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"text": "85 years (2016 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Total fertility rate": {
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"text": "1.43 children born/woman (2015 est.)"
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"text": "1.43 children born/woman (2016 est.)"
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},
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"Health expenditures": {
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"text": "9.1% of GDP (2013)"
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"text": "9.2% of GDP (2014)"
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},
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"Physicians density": {
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"text": "3.76 physicians/1,000 population (2012)"
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@ -282,19 +274,19 @@
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}
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},
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"HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate": {
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"text": "0.28% (2013 est.)"
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"text": "0.37% (2015 est.)"
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},
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"HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS": {
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"text": "122,000 (2013 est.)"
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"text": "136,800 (2015 est.)"
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},
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"HIV/AIDS - deaths": {
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"text": "NA"
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"text": "700 (2015 est.)"
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},
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"Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
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"text": "23.7% (2014)"
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},
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"Education expenditures": {
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"text": "4.3% of GDP (2011)"
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"text": "4.1% of GDP (2011)"
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},
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"Literacy": {
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"definition": {
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@ -318,18 +310,18 @@
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"text": "16 years"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "17 years (2012)"
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"text": "17 years (2013)"
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}
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},
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"Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": {
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"total": {
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"text": "35.3%"
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"text": "42.7%"
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},
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"male": {
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"text": "33.7%"
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"text": "41.3%"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "37.5% (2012 est.)"
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"text": "44.7% (2014 est.)"
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}
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}
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},
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@ -349,10 +341,13 @@
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},
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"former": {
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"text": "Kingdom of Italy"
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},
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"etymology": {
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"text": "derivation is unclear, but the Latin \"Italia\" may come from the Oscan \"Viteliu\" meaning \"[land] of young cattle\" (the bull was a symbol of southern Italic tribes)"
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}
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},
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"Government type": {
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"text": "republic"
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"text": "parliamentary republic"
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},
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"Capital": {
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"name": {
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@ -378,13 +373,13 @@
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}
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},
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"Independence": {
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"text": "17 March 1861 (Kingdom of Italy proclaimed; Italy was not finally unified until 1870)"
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"text": "17 March 1861 (Kingdom of Italy proclaimed; Italy was not finally unified until 1871)"
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},
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"National holiday": {
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"text": "Republic Day, 2 June (1946)"
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},
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"Constitution": {
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"text": "previous 1848 (originally for Kingdom of Sardinia and adopted by Kingdom of Italy in 1861); latest enacted 22 December 1947, adopted 27 December 1947, entered into force 1 January 1948; amended many times, last in 2012; note - a proposed amendment that would significantly alter the parliament is slated for a referendum in 2016 (2015)"
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"text": "previous 1848 (originally for Kingdom of Sardinia and adopted by Kingdom of Italy in 1861); latest enacted 22 December 1947, adopted 27 December 1947, entered into force 1 January 1948; amended many times, last in 2012; note - a proposed amendment that would significantly alter the parliament is slated for a referendum in October 2016 (2016)"
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},
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"Legal system": {
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"text": "civil law system; judicial review of legislation under certain conditions in Constitutional Court"
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@ -393,14 +388,17 @@
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"text": "accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction"
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},
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"Citizenship": {
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"birthright citizenship": {
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"text": ""
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"citizenship by birth": {
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"text": "no"
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},
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"citizenship by descent only": {
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"text": "at least one parent must be a citizen of Italy"
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},
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"dual citizenship recognized": {
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"text": "yes"
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},
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"residency requirement for naturalization": {
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"text": ""
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"text": "4 years for EU nationals, 5 years for refugees and specified exceptions, 10 years for all others"
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}
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},
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"Suffrage": {
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@ -408,7 +406,7 @@
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},
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"Executive branch": {
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"chief of state": {
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"text": "President Sergio MATTARELLA (3 February 2015); Giorgio NAPOLITANO resigned 14 January 2015"
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"text": "President Sergio MATTARELLA (since 3 February 2015); Giorgio NAPOLITANO resigned 14 January 2015"
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},
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"head of government": {
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"text": "Prime Minister Matteo RENZI (since 22 February 2014); note - the prime minister title is President of the Council of Ministers"
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@ -420,7 +418,7 @@
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"text": "president indirectly elected by an electoral college consisting of both houses of Parliament and 58 regional representatives for a 7-year term (no term limits); election last held on 31 January 2015 (next scheduled for 2020); prime minister appointed by the president, confirmed by parliament"
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},
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"election results": {
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"text": "Sergio MATTARELLA elected president; electoral college vote count in fourth round - 665 out of 1,009 (505-vote threshold); Matteo RENZI sworn in as prime minister on 22 February 2014"
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"text": "Sergio MATTARELLA (independent) elected president; electoral college vote count in fourth round - 665 out of 1,009 (505-vote threshold); Matteo RENZI (PD) sworn in as prime minister on 22 February 2014"
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}
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},
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"Legislative branch": {
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@ -431,32 +429,29 @@
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"text": "Senate - last held on 24-25 February 2013 (next to be held in 2018); Chamber of Deputies - last held on 24-25 February 2013 (next to be held in 2018)"
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},
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"election results": {
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"text": "Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - center-left coalition 123 (PD 111, SEL 7, SVP 2, other 3), center-right coalition 117 (PdL 98, LN 18, other 1), M5S 54, centrist coalition 19, other 2; Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - center-left coalition 345 (PD 297, SEL 37, CD 6 SVP 5), center-right coalition 125 (PdL 98, LN 18, FdI 9), M5S 109, centrist coalition 47, other 3; note - President NAPOLITANO dissolved Parliament on 22 December 2012"
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"text": "Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - center-left coalition 123 (PD 111, SEL 7, SVP 2, other 3), center-right coalition 117 (PdL 98, LN 18, other 1), M5S 54, centrist coalition 19, other 2; Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - center-left coalition 345 (PD 297, SEL 37, CD 6 SVP 5), center-right coalition 125 (PdL 98, LN 18, FdI 9), M5S 109, centrist coalition 47, other 3"
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}
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},
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"Judicial branch": {
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"highest court(s)": {
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"text": "Supreme Court of Cassation consists of the first president (chief justice), deputy president, 54 justices presiding over 6 civil and 7 criminal divisions, and 288 judges; an additional 30 judges of lower courts serve as supporting judges; cases normally heard by 5-judge panels; more complex cases heard by 9-judge panels"
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"text": "Supreme Court of Cassation or Corte Suprema di Cassazione consists of the first president (chief justice), deputy president, 54 justices presiding over 6 civil and 7 criminal divisions, and 288 judges; an additional 30 judges of lower courts serve as supporting judges; cases normally heard by 5-judge panels; more complex cases heard by 9-judge panels; Constitutional Court or Corte Costituzionale (consists of the court president and 14 judges)"
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},
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"judge selection and term of office": {
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"text": "Supreme Court judges appointed by the Superior Council of the Judiciary, headed by the president of the republic, to serve NA terms; Constitutional Court judges - 5 appointed by the president, 5 elected by parliament, 5 elected by select higher courts; judges serve up to 9 years)"
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"text": "Supreme Court judges appointed by the High Council of the Judiciary, headed by the president of the republic; judges may serve for life; Constitutional Court judges - 5 appointed by the president, 5 elected by parliament, 5 elected by select higher courts; judges serve up to 9 years"
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},
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"subordinate courts": {
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"text": "various lower civil and criminal courts (primary and secondary tribunals, courts, and courts of appeal)"
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}
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},
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"Political parties and leaders": {
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"Center-right coalition: [Silvio BERLUSCONI]": {
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"text": " ++ Brothers of Italy or FdI [Giorgia MELONI, Ignazio LA RUSSA, and Guido CROSETTO] ++ Forza Italia [Silvio BERLUSCONI] (formerly PdL) ++ The New Center-Right or NCD [Angelino ALFANO] ++ Northern League or LN [Matteo SALVINI] ++ other minor parties ++ "
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"Ruling left-center-right coalition": {
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"text": " ++ Civic Choice or SC [Enrico ZANETTI] ++ Democratic Centre or CD [Bruno TABACCI] ++ Democratic Party or PD [Matteo RENZI] ++ The New Center-Right or NCD [Angelino ALFANO] ++ Union of the Center or UdC [Pier Fernando CASINI] ++ "
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},
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"Center-left coalition": {
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"text": " ++ Democratic Centre or CD [Bruno TABACCI] ++ Democratic Party or PD [Matteo RENZI] ++ Left Ecology Freedom or SEL [Nichi VENDOLA] ++ South Tyrolean People's Party or SVP [Philipp ACHAMMER] ++ "
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"Center-right opposition": {
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"text": " ++ Brothers of Italy-National Alliance or FdI-AN [Giorgia MELONI, Ignazio LA RUSSA, and Guido CROSETTO] ++ Forza Italia [Silvio BERLUSCONI] (formerly PdL) ++ Northern League or LN [Matteo SALVINI] ++ other minor parties ++ "
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},
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"Centrist coalition (With Monti for Italy) [Mario MONTI]": {
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"text": " ++ Civic Choice or SC [Enrico ZANETTI] ++ Future and Freedom for Italy or FLI [Gianfranco FINI] ++ Union of the Center or UdC [Pier Ferdinando CASINI] ++ "
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},
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"other coalitions and parties": {
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"text": " ++ Civil Revolution or RC [Antonio INGROIA] ++ Five Star Movment or M5S [Beppe GRILLO]"
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"Other parties": {
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"text": " ++ Civil Revolution or RC [Antonio INGROIA] ++ Five Star Movment or M5S [Beppe GRILLO] ++ South Tyrolean People's Party or SVP [Philipp ACHAMMER]"
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}
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},
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"Political pressure groups and leaders": {
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@ -479,7 +474,7 @@
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},
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"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
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"chief of mission": {
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"text": "Ambassador Claudio BISOGNIERO (since 13 January 2012)"
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"text": "Ambassador Armando VARRICCHIO (since 2 March 2016)"
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},
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"chancery": {
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"text": "3000 Whitehaven Street NW, Washington, DC 20008"
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@ -520,7 +515,7 @@
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"text": "Florence, Milan, Naples"
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},
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"consular agency(ies)": {
|
||||
"text": "Anchorage (AL), Charleston (SC), Worcester (MA)"
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"text": "Anchorage (AK), Charleston (SC), Worcester (MA)"
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}
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},
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"Flag description": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -546,58 +541,58 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Economy": {
|
||||
"Economy - overview": {
|
||||
"text": "Italy has a diversified economy, which is divided into a developed industrial north, dominated by private companies, and a less-developed, highly subsidized, agricultural south, where unemployment is higher. The Italian economy is driven in large part by the manufacture of high-quality consumer goods produced by small and medium-sized enterprises, many of them family-owned. Italy also has a sizable underground economy, which by some estimates accounts for as much as 17% of GDP. These activities are most common within the agriculture, construction, and service sectors. Italy is the third-largest economy in the euro-zone, but its exceptionally high public debt and structural impediments to growth have rendered it vulnerable to scrutiny by financial markets. Public debt has increased steadily since 2007, topping 132% of GDP in 2014, but investor concerns about Italy and the broader euro-zone crisis eased in 2013, bringing down Italy's borrowing costs on sovereign government debt from euro-era records. The government still faces pressure from investors and European partners to sustain its efforts to address Italy's long-standing structural impediments to growth, such as labor market inefficiencies and tax evasion. In 2014 economic growth and labor market conditions continued to deteriorate, with overall unemployment rising to 12.2% and youth unemployment around 40%. Italy's GDP is now nearly 10% below its 2007 pre-crisis level."
|
||||
"text": "Italy has a diversified economy, which is divided into a developed industrial north, dominated by private companies, and a less-developed, highly subsidized, agricultural south, where unemployment is higher. The Italian economy is driven in large part by the manufacture of high-quality consumer goods produced by small and medium-sized enterprises, many of them family-owned. Italy also has a sizable underground economy, which by some estimates accounts for as much as 17% of GDP. These activities are most common within the agriculture, construction, and service sectors. ++ ++ Italy is the third-largest economy in the euro zone, but its exceptionally high public debt and structural impediments to growth have rendered it vulnerable to scrutiny by financial markets. Public debt has increased steadily since 2007, topping 135% of GDP in 2015, but investor concerns about Italy and the broader euro-zone crisis eased in 2013, bringing down Italy's borrowing costs on sovereign government debt from euro-era records. The government still faces pressure from investors and European partners to sustain its efforts to address Italy's longstanding structural impediments to growth, such as labor market inefficiencies and tax evasion. In 2014, economic growth and labor market conditions continued to deteriorate, with overall unemployment rising to 12.7% and youth unemployment around 40%, but Italy began to recover in 2015, with marginal growth and a slight reduction in unemployment."
|
||||
},
|
||||
"GDP (purchasing power parity)": {
|
||||
"text": "$2.135 trillion (2014 est.) ++ $2.144 trillion (2013 est.) ++ $2.182 trillion (2012 est.)",
|
||||
"text": "$2.175 trillion (2015 est.) ++ $2.159 trillion (2014 est.) ++ $2.166 trillion (2013 est.)",
|
||||
"note": {
|
||||
"text": "data are in 2014 US dollars"
|
||||
"text": "data are in 2015 US dollars"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"GDP (official exchange rate)": {
|
||||
"text": "$2.148 trillion (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$1.816 trillion (2015 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"GDP - real growth rate": {
|
||||
"text": "-0.4% (2014 est.) ++ -1.7% (2013 est.) ++ -2.8% (2012 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "0.8% (2015 est.) ++ -0.3% (2014 est.) ++ -1.7% (2013 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"GDP - per capita (PPP)": {
|
||||
"text": "$35,100 (2014 est.) ++ $35,300 (2013 est.) ++ $35,900 (2012 est.)",
|
||||
"text": "$35,800 (2015 est.) ++ $35,500 (2014 est.) ++ $36,300 (2013 est.)",
|
||||
"note": {
|
||||
"text": "data are in 2014 US dollars"
|
||||
"text": "data are in 2015 US dollars"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Gross national saving": {
|
||||
"text": "18.4% of GDP (2014 est.) ++ 18.2% of GDP (2013 est.) ++ 17.4% of GDP (2012 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "19% of GDP (2015 est.) ++ 18.2% of GDP (2014 est.) ++ 17.9% of GDP (2013 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"GDP - composition, by end use": {
|
||||
"household consumption": {
|
||||
"text": "60.8%"
|
||||
"text": "61.1%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"government consumption": {
|
||||
"text": "19.4%"
|
||||
"text": "19%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"investment in fixed capital": {
|
||||
"text": "16.8%"
|
||||
"text": "16.5%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"investment in inventories": {
|
||||
"text": "-0.2%"
|
||||
"text": "0.2%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"exports of goods and services": {
|
||||
"text": "29.3%"
|
||||
"text": "30.2%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"imports of goods and services": {
|
||||
"text": "-26.2% ++ (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "-27% (2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"GDP - composition, by sector of origin": {
|
||||
"agriculture": {
|
||||
"text": "2.2%"
|
||||
"text": "2.3%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"industry": {
|
||||
"text": "23.4%"
|
||||
"text": "23.7%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"services": {
|
||||
"text": "74.4% (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "74% (2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Agriculture - products": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -607,10 +602,10 @@
|
|||
"text": "tourism, machinery, iron and steel, chemicals, food processing, textiles, motor vehicles, clothing, footwear, ceramics"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Industrial production growth rate": {
|
||||
"text": "-1.3% (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "0.4% (2015 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Labor force": {
|
||||
"text": "25.5 million (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "25.5 million (2015 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Labor force - by occupation": {
|
||||
"agriculture": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -624,7 +619,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Unemployment rate": {
|
||||
"text": "12.7% (2014 est.) ++ 12.2% (2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "11.9% (2015 est.) ++ 12.6% (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Population below poverty line": {
|
||||
"text": "29.9% (2012 est.)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -642,20 +637,20 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Budget": {
|
||||
"revenues": {
|
||||
"text": "$1.033 trillion"
|
||||
"text": "$870 billion"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"expenditures": {
|
||||
"text": "$1.098 trillion (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$917 billion (2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Taxes and other revenues": {
|
||||
"text": "48.1% of GDP (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "47.9% of GDP (2015 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)": {
|
||||
"text": "-3% of GDP (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "-2.6% of GDP (2015 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Public debt": {
|
||||
"text": "132% of GDP (2014 est.) ++ 128.6% of GDP (2013 est.)",
|
||||
"text": "132.8% of GDP (2015 est.) ++ 132.4% of GDP (2014 est.)",
|
||||
"note": {
|
||||
"text": "Italy reports its data on public debt according to guidelines set out in the Maastricht Treaty; general government gross debt is defined in the Maastricht Treaty as consolidated general government gross debt at nominal value, outstanding at the end of the year, in the following categories of government liabilities (as defined in ESA95): currency and deposits (AF.2), securities other than shares excluding financial derivatives (AF.3, excluding AF.34), and loans (AF.4); the general government sector comprises the central government, state government, local government and social security funds"
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
@ -664,7 +659,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "calendar year"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Inflation rate (consumer prices)": {
|
||||
"text": "0.2% (2014 est.) ++ 1.3% (2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "0.1% (2015 est.) ++ 0.2% (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Central bank discount rate": {
|
||||
"text": "0.25% (31 December 2013) ++ 0.75% (31 December 2012)",
|
||||
|
|
@ -673,10 +668,10 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Commercial bank prime lending rate": {
|
||||
"text": "4.87% (31 December 2014 est.) ++ 5.14% (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "4.13% (31 December 2015 est.) ++ 4.87% (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Stock of narrow money": {
|
||||
"text": "$999 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $1.041 trillion (31 December 2013 est.)",
|
||||
"text": "$1.026 trillion (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $1.054 trillion (31 December 2014 est.)",
|
||||
"note": {
|
||||
"text": "see entry for the European Union for money supply for the entire euro area; the European Central Bank (ECB) controls monetary policy for the 18 members of the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU); individual members of the EMU do not control the quantity of money circulating within their own borders"
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
@ -685,49 +680,54 @@
|
|||
"text": "$2.134 trillion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $2.284 trillion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Stock of domestic credit": {
|
||||
"text": "$3.39 trillion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $3.822 trillion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$3.053 trillion (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $3.39 trillion (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Market value of publicly traded shares": {
|
||||
"text": "$480.5 billion (31 December 2012 est.) ++ $431.5 billion (31 December 2011) ++ $318.1 billion (31 December 2010 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$480.5 billion (31 December 2012 est.) ++ $587.3 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $615.5 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Current account balance": {
|
||||
"text": "$41.11 billion (2014 est.) ++ $19.87 billion (2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$39.91 billion (2015 est.) ++ $41.05 billion (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Exports": {
|
||||
"text": "$513.7 billion (2014 est.) ++ $503.5 billion (2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$450.1 billion (2015 est.) ++ $518.3 billion (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Exports - commodities": {
|
||||
"text": "engineering products, textiles and clothing, production machinery, motor vehicles, transport equipment, chemicals; foodstuffs, beverages, and tobacco; minerals, nonferrous metals"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Exports - partners": {
|
||||
"text": "Germany 12.8%, France 10.7%, US 7.2%, UK 5.3%, Switzerland 4.7%, Spain 4.6% (2014)"
|
||||
"text": "Germany 12.3%, France 10.3%, US 8.7%, UK 5.4%, Spain 4.8%, Switzerland 4.7% (2015)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Imports": {
|
||||
"text": "$448.4 billion (2014 est.) ++ $455.4 billion (2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$391.2 billion (2015 est.) ++ $455.2 billion (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Imports - commodities": {
|
||||
"text": "engineering products, chemicals, transport equipment, energy products, minerals and nonferrous metals, textiles and clothing; food, beverages, tobacco"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Imports - partners": {
|
||||
"text": "Germany 16.1%, France 9%, China 7.3%, Netherlands 5.8%, Spain 5%, Belgium 4.5% (2014)"
|
||||
"text": "Germany 15.4%, France 8.7%, China 7.7%, Netherlands 5.6%, Spain 5%, Belgium 4.7% (2015)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Reserves of foreign exchange and gold": {
|
||||
"text": "$142.2 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $145.5 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$130.6 billion (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $142.2 billion (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Debt - external": {
|
||||
"text": "$142.2 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $145.5 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$2.459 trillion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $2.635 trillion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Stock of direct foreign investment - at home": {
|
||||
"text": "$490.2 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $536.8 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$463.2 billion (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $493.8 billion (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad": {
|
||||
"text": "$664.9 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $695.8 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$594.4 billion (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $632.3 billion (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Exchange rates": {
|
||||
"text": "euros (EUR) per US dollar - ++ 0.7489 (2014 est.) ++ 0.7634 (2013 est.) ++ 0.78 (2012 est.) ++ 0.7185 (2011 est.) ++ 0.755 (2010 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "euros (EUR) per US dollar - ++ 0.885 (2015 est.) ++ 0.7525 (2014 est.) ++ 0.7634 (2013 est.) ++ 0.78 (2012 est.) ++ 0.7185 (2011 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Energy": {
|
||||
"Electricity access": {
|
||||
"electrification - total population": {
|
||||
"text": "100% (2016)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Electricity - production": {
|
||||
"text": "281 billion kWh (2012 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -801,18 +801,18 @@
|
|||
"Communications": {
|
||||
"Telephones - fixed lines": {
|
||||
"total subscriptions": {
|
||||
"text": "20.57 million"
|
||||
"text": "20,236,305"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
|
||||
"text": "33 (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "33 (July 2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "94.2 million"
|
||||
"text": "92.52 million"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
|
||||
"text": "153 (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "150 (July 2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Telephone system": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -823,31 +823,42 @@
|
|||
"text": "high-capacity cable and microwave radio relay trunks"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"international": {
|
||||
"text": "country code - 39; a series of submarine cables provide links to Asia, Middle East, Europe, North Africa, and US; satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (with a total of 5 antennas - 3 for Atlantic Ocean and 2 for Indian Ocean), 1 Inmarsat (Atlantic Ocean region), and NA Eutelsat (2011)"
|
||||
"text": "country code - 39; a series of submarine cables provide links to Asia, Middle East, Europe, North Africa, and US; satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (with a total of 5 antennas - 3 for Atlantic Ocean and 2 for Indian Ocean), 1 Inmarsat (Atlantic Ocean region), and NA Eutelsat (2015)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Broadcast media": {
|
||||
"text": "two Italian media giants dominate - the publicly owned Radiotelevisione Italiana (RAI) with 3 national terrestrial stations and privately owned Mediaset with 3 national terrestrial stations; a large number of private stations and Sky Italia - a satellite TV network; RAI operates 3 AM/FM nationwide radio stations; some 1,300 commercial radio stations (2007)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Radio broadcast stations": {
|
||||
"text": "AM about 100, FM about 4,600, shortwave 9 (1998)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Television broadcast stations": {
|
||||
"text": "358 (plus 4,728 repeaters) (1995)"
|
||||
"text": "two Italian media giants dominate - the publicly owned Radiotelevisione Italiana (RAI) with 3 national terrestrial stations and privately owned Mediaset with 3 national terrestrial stations; a large number of private stations and Sky Italia - a satellite TV network; RAI operates 3 AM/FM nationwide radio stations; about 1,300 commercial radio stations (2007)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Internet country code": {
|
||||
"text": ".it"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Internet users": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "37 million"
|
||||
"text": "40.559 million"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"percent of population": {
|
||||
"text": "59.9% (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "65.6% (July 2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Transportation": {
|
||||
"National air transport system": {
|
||||
"number of registered air carriers": {
|
||||
"text": "9"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers": {
|
||||
"text": "382"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers": {
|
||||
"text": "26,036,010"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"annual freight traffic on registered air carriers": {
|
||||
"text": "945,433,732 mt-km (2015)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Civil aircraft registration country code prefix": {
|
||||
"text": "I (2016)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Airports": {
|
||||
"text": "129 (2013)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -882,7 +893,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "10"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"under 914 m": {
|
||||
"text": " ++ 20 (2013)"
|
||||
"text": "20 (2013)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Heliports": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -942,39 +953,15 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military": {
|
||||
"Military and Security": {
|
||||
"Military branches": {
|
||||
"text": "Italian Armed Forces: Army (Esercito Italiano, EI), Navy (Marina Militare Italiana, MMI), Italian Air Force (Aeronautica Militare Italiana, AMI), Carabinieri Corps (Arma dei Carabinieri, CC) (2011)"
|
||||
"text": "Italian Armed Forces: Army (Esercito Italiano, EI), Navy (Marina Militare Italiana, MMI), Italian Air Force (Aeronautica Militare Italiana, AMI), Carabinieri Corps (Arma dei Carabinieri, CC), Financial Guard (Guardia di Finanza) (2015)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military service age and obligation": {
|
||||
"text": "18-25 years of age for voluntary military service; women may serve in any military branch; Italian citizenship required; 1-year service obligation (2013)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Manpower available for military service": {
|
||||
"males age 16-49": {
|
||||
"text": "13,865,688"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"females age 16-49": {
|
||||
"text": "14,003,755 (2010 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Manpower fit for military service": {
|
||||
"males age 16-49": {
|
||||
"text": "11,247,446"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"females age 16-49": {
|
||||
"text": "11,348,695 (2010 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually": {
|
||||
"male": {
|
||||
"text": "288,188"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"female": {
|
||||
"text": "281,671 (2010 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military expenditures": {
|
||||
"text": "1.69% of GDP (2012) ++ 1.72% of GDP (2011) ++ 1.69% of GDP (2010)"
|
||||
"text": "1.1% of GDP (2014) ++ 1.2% of GDP (2013) ++ 1.3% of GDP (2012)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Transnational Issues": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -983,13 +970,13 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "13,357 (Eritrea); 12,213 (Somalia); 8,991 (Afghanistan); 6,293 (Nigeria); 5,764 (Pakistan); 5,552 (Mali) (2014)"
|
||||
"text": "13,068 (Somalia); 12,203 (Afghanistan); 11,962 (Eritrea); 9,931 (Nigeria); 9,202 (Pakistan); 8,334 (Mali); 5,079 (Cote d'Ivoire) (2015)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "813 (2014)"
|
||||
"text": "747 (2015)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": {
|
||||
"text": "141,766 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals by sea (November 2015)"
|
||||
"text": "299,223 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals by sea (2015 - October 2016)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Illicit drugs": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Add table
Add a link
Reference in a new issue