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Gerald Bauer
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@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
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{
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"Introduction": {
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"Background": {
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"text": "A Central Asian country of incredible natural beauty and proud nomadic traditions, most of Kyrgyzstan was formally annexed to Russia in 1876. The Kyrgyz staged a major revolt against the Tsarist Empire in 1916 in which almost one-sixth of the Kyrgyz population was killed. Kyrgyzstan became a Soviet republic in 1936 and achieved independence in 1991 when the USSR dissolved. Nationwide demonstrations in the spring of 2005 resulted in the ouster of President Askar AKAEV, who had run the country since 1990. Former prime minister Kurmanbek BAKIEV overwhelmingly won the presidential election in the summer of 2005. Over the next few years, he manipulated the parliament to accrue new powers for the presidency. In July 2009, after months of harassment against his opponents and media critics, BAKIEV won reelection in a presidential campaign that the international community deemed flawed. In April 2010, violent protests in Bishkek led to the collapse of the BAKIEV regime and his eventual flight to Minsk, Belarus. His successor, Roza OTUNBAEVA, served as transitional president until Almazbek ATAMBAEV was inaugurated in December 2011, marking the first peaceful transfer of presidential power in independent Kyrgyzstan's history. Continuing concerns include: the trajectory of democratization, endemic corruption, poor interethnic relations, and terrorism."
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"text": "A Central Asian country of incredible natural beauty and proud nomadic traditions, most of the territory of present-day Kyrgyzstan was formally annexed to the Russian Empire in 1876. The Kyrgyz staged a major revolt against the Tsarist Empire in 1916 in which almost one-sixth of the Kyrgyz population was killed. Kyrgyzstan became a Soviet republic in 1936 and achieved independence in 1991 when the USSR dissolved. Nationwide demonstrations in the spring of 2005 resulted in the ouster of President Askar AKAEV, who had run the country since 1990. Former Prime Minister Kurmanbek BAKIEV overwhelmingly won the presidential election in the summer of 2005. Over the next few years, he manipulated the parliament to accrue new powers for the presidency. In July 2009, after months of harassment against his opponents and media critics, BAKIEV won reelection in a presidential campaign that the international community deemed flawed. In April 2010, violent protests in Bishkek led to the collapse of the BAKIEV regime and his eventual flight to Minsk, Belarus. His successor, Roza OTUNBAEVA, served as transitional president until Almazbek ATAMBAEV was inaugurated in December 2011, marking the first peaceful transfer of presidential power in independent Kyrgyzstan's history. Continuing concerns include: the trajectory of democratization, endemic corruption, poor interethnic relations, border security vulnerabilities, and potential terrorist threats."
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}
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},
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"Geography": {
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@ -48,12 +48,12 @@
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"Terrain": {
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"text": "peaks of the Tien Shan mountain range and associated valleys and basins encompass the entire country"
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},
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"Elevation extremes": {
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"lowest point": {
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"text": "Kara-Daryya (Karadar'ya) 132 m"
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"Elevation": {
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"mean elevation": {
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"text": "2,988 m"
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},
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"highest point": {
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"text": "Jengish Chokusu (Pik Pobedy) 7,439 m"
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"elevation extremes": {
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"text": "lowest point: Kara-Daryya (Karadar'ya) 132 m ++ highest point: Jengish Chokusu (Pik Pobedy) 7,439 m"
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}
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},
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"Natural resources": {
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@ -71,18 +71,7 @@
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}
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},
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"Irrigated land": {
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"text": "10,210 sq km (2005)"
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},
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"Total renewable water resources": {
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"text": "23.62 cu km (2011)"
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},
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"Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural)": {
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"total": {
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"text": "8.01 cu km/yr (3%/4%/93%)"
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},
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"per capita": {
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"text": "1,558 cu m/yr (2006)"
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}
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"text": "10,233 sq km (2012)"
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},
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"Natural hazards": {
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"text": "NA"
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@ -103,6 +92,9 @@
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}
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},
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"People and Society": {
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"Population": {
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"text": "5,727,553 (July 2016 est.)"
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},
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"Nationality": {
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"noun": {
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"text": "Kyrgyzstani(s)"
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@ -120,27 +112,21 @@
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"Religions": {
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"text": "Muslim 75%, Russian Orthodox 20%, other 5%"
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},
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"Population": {
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"text": "5,664,939 (July 2015 est.)"
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},
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"Age structure": {
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"0-14 years": {
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"text": "29.92% (male 867,668/female 827,235)"
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"text": "30.12% (male 883,875/female 841,362)"
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},
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"15-24 years": {
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"text": "18.18% (male 523,347/female 506,453)"
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"text": "17.47% (male 508,656/female 492,046)"
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},
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"25-54 years": {
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"text": "39.55% (male 1,096,430/female 1,144,265)"
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"text": "39.68% (male 1,112,777/female 1,159,967)"
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},
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"55-64 years": {
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"text": "7.34% (male 180,874/female 234,733)"
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"text": "7.59% (male 189,684/female 245,202)"
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},
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"65 years and over": {
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"text": "5.01% (male 108,776/female 175,158) (2015 est.)"
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},
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"population pyramid": {
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"text": null
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"text": "5.13% (male 112,494/female 181,490) (2016 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Dependency ratios": {
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@ -159,26 +145,26 @@
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},
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"Median age": {
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"total": {
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"text": "26 years"
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"text": "26.2 years"
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},
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"male": {
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"text": "25 years"
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"text": "25.2 years"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "27 years (2015 est.)"
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"text": "27.3 years (2016 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Population growth rate": {
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"text": "1.11% (2015 est.)"
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"text": "1.09% (2016 est.)"
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},
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"Birth rate": {
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"text": "22.98 births/1,000 population (2015 est.)"
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"text": "22.6 births/1,000 population (2016 est.)"
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},
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"Death rate": {
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"text": "6.65 deaths/1,000 population (2015 est.)"
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"text": "6.6 deaths/1,000 population (2016 est.)"
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},
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"Net migration rate": {
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"text": "-5.22 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2015 est.)"
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"text": "-5.2 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2016 est.)"
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},
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"Urbanization": {
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"urban population": {
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@ -211,42 +197,45 @@
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"text": "0.62 male(s)/female"
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},
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"total population": {
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"text": "0.96 male(s)/female (2015 est.)"
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"text": "0.96 male(s)/female (2016 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Mother's mean age at first birth": {
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"text": "23.3 (2013 est.)"
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},
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"Maternal mortality rate": {
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"text": "76 deaths/100,000 live births (2015 est.)"
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},
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"Infant mortality rate": {
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"total": {
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"text": "27.73 deaths/1,000 live births"
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"text": "26.8 deaths/1,000 live births"
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},
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"male": {
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"text": "31.94 deaths/1,000 live births"
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"text": "30.9 deaths/1,000 live births"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "23.24 deaths/1,000 live births (2015 est.)"
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"text": "22.4 deaths/1,000 live births (2016 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Life expectancy at birth": {
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"total population": {
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"text": "70.36 years"
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"text": "70.7 years"
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},
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"male": {
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"text": "66.19 years"
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"text": "66.5 years"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "74.8 years (2015 est.)"
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"text": "75.1 years (2016 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Total fertility rate": {
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"text": "2.66 children born/woman (2015 est.)"
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"text": "2.64 children born/woman (2016 est.)"
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},
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"Contraceptive prevalence rate": {
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"text": "36.3% (2012)"
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},
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"Health expenditures": {
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"text": "6.7% of GDP (2013)"
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"text": "6.5% of GDP (2014)"
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},
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"Physicians density": {
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"text": "1.97 physicians/1,000 population (2013)"
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@ -271,13 +260,13 @@
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}
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},
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"HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate": {
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"text": "0.26% (2014 est.)"
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"text": "0.22% (2015 est.)"
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},
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"HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS": {
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"text": "9,300 (2014 est.)"
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"text": "8,100 (2015 est.)"
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},
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"HIV/AIDS - deaths": {
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"text": "400 (2014 est.)"
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"text": "200 (2015 est.)"
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},
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"Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
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"text": "13.3% (2014)"
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@ -286,7 +275,7 @@
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"text": "2.8% (2014)"
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},
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"Education expenditures": {
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"text": "6.8% of GDP (2011)"
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"text": "6.8% of GDP (2013)"
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},
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"Literacy": {
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"definition": {
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@ -307,10 +296,10 @@
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"text": "13 years"
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},
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"male": {
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"text": "12 years"
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"text": "13 years"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "13 years (2011)"
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"text": "13 years (2014)"
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}
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},
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"Child labor - children ages 5-14": {
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@ -321,18 +310,18 @@
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"text": "40.3%"
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},
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"note": {
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"text": "data represents children ages 5-17 (2007 est.)"
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"text": "data represent children ages 5-17 (2007 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": {
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"total": {
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"text": "14.6%"
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"text": "13.4%"
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},
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"male": {
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"text": "13.6%"
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"text": "12%"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "16.2% (2006 est.)"
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"text": "15.8% (2013 est.)"
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}
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}
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},
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@ -352,10 +341,13 @@
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},
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"former": {
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"text": "Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic"
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},
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"etymology": {
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"text": "a combination of the Turkic words \"kyrg\" (forty) and \"-yz\" (tribes) with the Persian suffix \"-stan\" (country) creating the meaning \"Land of the forty tribes\"; the name refers to the forty clans united by the legendary Kyrgyz hero, MANAS"
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}
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},
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"Government type": {
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"text": "republic"
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"text": "parliamentary republic"
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},
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"Capital": {
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"name": {
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@ -381,7 +373,7 @@
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"text": "Independence Day, 31 August (1991)"
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},
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"Constitution": {
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"text": "previous 1993; latest adopted 27 June 2010, effective 2 July 2010 (2015); note - the current constitution does not allow for any change until 2020"
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"text": "previous 1993; latest adopted 27 June 2010, effective 2 July 2010; note - the current constitution prohibits any change until 2020 (2016)"
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},
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"Legal system": {
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"text": "civil law system which includes features of French civil law and Russian Federation laws"
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@ -389,6 +381,20 @@
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"International law organization participation": {
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"text": "has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt"
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},
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"Citizenship": {
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"citizenship by birth": {
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"text": "no"
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},
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"citizenship by descent only": {
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"text": "at least one parent must be a citizen of Kyrgyzstan"
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},
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"dual citizenship recognized": {
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"text": "yes, but only if a mutual treaty on dual citizenship is in force"
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},
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"residency requirement for naturalization": {
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"text": "5 years"
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}
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},
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"Suffrage": {
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"text": "18 years of age; universal"
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},
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@ -397,16 +403,16 @@
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"text": "President Almazbek ATAMBAEV (since 1 December 2011)"
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},
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"head of government": {
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"text": "Prime Minister Temir SARIYEV (since 1 May 2015); First Deputy Prime Minister Tayyrbek SARPASHEV (since 2 April 2014); Deputy Prime Ministers Valeriy DIL (since 2 April 2014), Abdyrakhman MAMATALIEV (since 2 April 2014), Damira NIYAZALIEVA (since 26 December 2014)"
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"text": "Prime Minister Sooronbay JEENBEKOV (since 13 April 2016)"
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},
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"cabinet": {
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"text": "Cabinet of Ministers proposed by the prime minister, appointed by the president; defense and security ministers appointed by the president"
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"text": "Cabinet of Ministers proposed by the prime minister, appointed by the president; defense and security committee chairs appointed by the president"
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},
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"elections/appointments": {
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"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a single 6-year term; election last held on 30 October 2011 (next to be held in 2017); prime minister nominated by the majority party or majority coalition in the Supreme Council, appointed by the president"
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},
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"election results": {
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"text": "Almazbek ATAMBAEV elected president; percent of vote - Almazbek ATAMBAEV (SDPK) 63.2%, Adakhan MADUMAROV (All Kyrgyzstan) 14.7%, Kamchybek TASHIEV (Homeland) 14.3%, other 7.8%; Temir SARIYEV elected prime minister; Supreme Council vote - 97 to 2"
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"text": "Almazbek ATAMBAEV elected president; percent of vote - Almazbek ATAMBAEV (SDPK) 63.2%, Adakhan MADUMAROV (All Kyrgyzstan) 14.7%, Kamchybek TASHIEV (Homeland) 14.3%, other 7.8%; Sooronbay JEENBEKOV elected prime minister; Supreme Council vote - 115 to 0"
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}
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},
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"Legislative branch": {
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@ -417,7 +423,7 @@
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"text": "last held on 4 October 2015 (next to be held in 2020)"
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},
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"election results": {
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"text": "Supreme Council - percent of vote by party - SDPK 27.4%, Respublika-Ata-Zhurt 20.1%, Kyrgyzstan Party 12.9%, Onuguu-Progress 9.3%, Bir Bol 8.5%, Ata-Meken 7.8%, other 14%; seats by party - SDPK 38, Respublika-Ata-Zhurt 28, Kyrgyzstan Party 18, Onuguu-Progress 13, Bir Bol 12, Ata-Meken 11"
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"text": "Supreme Council - percent of vote by party - SDPK 27.4%, Respublika-Ata-Jurt 20.1%, Kyrgyzstan Party 12.9%, Onuguu-Progress 9.3%, Bir Bol 8.5%, Ata-Meken 7.8%, other 14%; seats by party - SDPK 38, Respublika-Ata-Jurt 28, Kyrgyzstan Party 18, Onuguu-Progress 13, Bir Bol 12, Ata-Meken 11"
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}
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},
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"Judicial branch": {
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@ -432,13 +438,13 @@
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}
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},
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"Political parties and leaders": {
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"text": "Ar-Namys (Dignity) Party [Felix KULOV] ++ Ata-Jurt (Homeland) [Kamchybek TASHIEV] ++ Ata-Meken (Fatherland) [Omurbek TEKEBAEV] ++ Respublika [Omurbek BABANOV] ++ Social-Democratic Party of Kyrgyzstan or SDPK [Almazbek ATAMBAEV]"
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"text": "Ata-Jurt-Respublika (Homeland-Republic) [Omurbek BABANOV, Kamchybek TASHIEV] ++ Ata-Meken (Fatherland) [Omurbek TEKEBAEV] ++ Bir Bol (Stay United) [Altynbek SULAIMANOV] ++ Kyrgyzstan Party [Kanatbek ISAEV, Kanybek IMANALIEV] ++ Onuguu-Progress [Bakyt TOROBAEV] ++ Social-Democratic Party of Kyrgyzstan or SDPK [Almazbek ATAMBAEV]"
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},
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"Political pressure groups and leaders": {
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"text": "Adilet (Justice) Legal Clinic [Cholpon JAKUPOVA] ++ Citizens Against Corruption [Tolekan ISMAILOVA] ++ Coalition for Democracy and Civil Society [Dinara OSHURAKHUNOVA] ++ Kylym Shamy (Torch of the Century) [Aziza ABDIRASULOVA] ++ Precedent Partnership Group [Nurbek TOKTAKUNOV] ++ Societal Analysis Public Association [Rita KARASARTOVA] ++ Union of True Muslims [Nurlan MOTUEV]"
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},
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"International organization participation": {
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"text": "ADB, CICA, CIS, CSTO, EAEC, EAPC, EBRD, ECO, EITI (compliant country), FAO, GCTU, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, MIGA, NAM (observer), OIC, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, PFP, SCO, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
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"text": "ADB, CICA, CIS, CSTO, EAEC, EAEU, EAPC, EBRD, ECO, EITI (compliant country), FAO, GCTU, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, MIGA, NAM (observer), OIC, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, PFP, SCO, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
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},
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"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
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"chief of mission": {
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@ -459,7 +465,7 @@
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},
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"Diplomatic representation from the US": {
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"chief of mission": {
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"text": "Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Richard MILES"
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"text": "Ambassador Sheila GWALTNEY (14 October 2015)"
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},
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"embassy": {
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"text": "171 Prospect Mira, Bishkek 720016"
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@ -494,71 +500,71 @@
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},
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"Economy": {
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"Economy - overview": {
|
||||
"text": "Kyrgyzstan is a poor, mountainous country with an economy dominated by agriculture and minerals extraction. Cotton, tobacco, wool, and meat are the main agricultural products, although only tobacco and cotton are exported in any quantity. Other exports include gold, mercury, uranium, natural gas, and — in some years — electricity. Bishkek remains embroiled in a legal battle with Canadian investors in the Kumtor gold mine, the nation’s largest. Kyrgyzstan has sought foreign investment to develop hydroelectric potential as a source of export revenue. The economy also depends heavily on remittances from Kyrgyzstani migrant workers, primarily in Russia. Following independence, Kyrgyzstan rapidly carried out market reforms, such as improving the regulatory system and instituting land reform. Kyrgyzstan was the first Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) country to be accepted into the World Trade Organization. The government has sold much of its ownership shares in enterprises. Drops in production had been severe after the breakup of the Soviet Union in December 1991, but by mid-1995, production began to recover and exports began to increase. The overthrow of President BAKIEV in April 2010 and subsequent ethnic clashes left hundreds dead and damaged infrastructure. Under President ATAMBAEV, Kyrgyzstan has developed a plan for economic development in coordination with international donors. In December 2014 Kyrgyzstan agreed to join the Eurasian Economic Union in early 2015. The keys to future growth include progress in fighting corruption, improving administrative transparency, restructuring domestic industry, and attracting foreign aid and investment."
|
||||
"text": "Kyrgyzstan is a poor, mountainous country with an economy dominated by minerals extraction, agriculture, and reliance on remittances from citizens working abroad. Cotton, wool, and meat are the main agricultural products, although only cotton is exported in any quantity. Other exports include gold, mercury, uranium, natural gas, and - in some years - electricity. The country has sought to attract foreign investment to expand its export base, including construction of hydroelectric dams, but a difficult investment climate and an ongoing legal battle with Canadian investors in the nation’s largest gold mine deter potential investors. Remittances from Kyrgyz migrant workers in Russia and Kazakhstan are equivalent to about a quarter of Kyrgyzstan’s GDP. ++ ++ Following independence, Kyrgyzstan rapidly carried out market reforms, such as improving the regulatory system and instituting land reform. Kyrgyzstan was the first Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) country to be accepted into the World Trade Organization. The government has privatized much of its ownership shares in public enterprises. Despite these reforms, the country suffered a severe drop in production in the early 1990s and has again faced slow growth in recent years as the global financial crisis and declining oil prices have damaged economies across Central Asia. ++ ++ Kyrgyz leaders hope the country’s August 2015 accession to the Eurasian Economic Union will bolster trade and investment, but slowing economies in Russia and China, low commodity prices, and currency fluctuations continue to hamper economic growth. The keys to future growth include progress in fighting corruption, improving administrative transparency, restructuring domestic industry, and attracting foreign aid and investment."
|
||||
},
|
||||
"GDP (purchasing power parity)": {
|
||||
"text": "$19.23 billion (2014 est.) ++ $18.56 billion (2013 est.) ++ $16.79 billion (2012 est.)",
|
||||
"text": "$20.29 billion (2015 est.) ++ $19.61 billion (2014 est.) ++ $18.85 billion (2013 est.)",
|
||||
"note": {
|
||||
"text": "data are in 2014 US dollars"
|
||||
"text": "data are in 2015 US dollars"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"GDP (official exchange rate)": {
|
||||
"text": "$7.402 billion (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$6.65 billion (2015 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"GDP - real growth rate": {
|
||||
"text": "3.6% (2014 est.) ++ 10.5% (2013 est.) ++ -0.9% (2012 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "3.5% (2015 est.) ++ 4% (2014 est.) ++ 10.9% (2013 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"GDP - per capita (PPP)": {
|
||||
"text": "$3,300 (2014 est.) ++ $3,100 (2013 est.) ++ $2,800 (2012 est.)",
|
||||
"text": "$3,400 (2015 est.) ++ $3,300 (2014 est.) ++ $3,300 (2013 est.)",
|
||||
"note": {
|
||||
"text": "data are in 2014 US dollars"
|
||||
"text": "data are in 2015 US dollars"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Gross national saving": {
|
||||
"text": "10.2% of GDP (2014 est.) ++ 11.1% of GDP (2013 est.) ++ 10.6% of GDP (2012 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "19.3% of GDP (2015 est.) ++ 9.3% of GDP (2014 est.) ++ 25.2% of GDP (2013 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"GDP - composition, by end use": {
|
||||
"household consumption": {
|
||||
"text": "99.2%"
|
||||
"text": "81.3%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"government consumption": {
|
||||
"text": "17.2%"
|
||||
"text": "17.9%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"investment in fixed capital": {
|
||||
"text": "32.1%"
|
||||
"text": "30.2%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"investment in inventories": {
|
||||
"text": "2.7%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"exports of goods and services": {
|
||||
"text": "36.9%"
|
||||
"text": "36.3%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"imports of goods and services": {
|
||||
"text": "-88.1% ++ (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "-68.4% (2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"GDP - composition, by sector of origin": {
|
||||
"agriculture": {
|
||||
"text": "18.3%"
|
||||
"text": "17.7%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"industry": {
|
||||
"text": "27.4%"
|
||||
"text": "26%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"services": {
|
||||
"text": "54.2% (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "56.3% (2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Agriculture - products": {
|
||||
"text": "tobacco, cotton, potatoes, vegetables, grapes, fruits and berries; sheep, goats, cattle, wool"
|
||||
"text": "cotton, potatoes, vegetables, grapes, fruits and berries; sheep, goats, cattle, wool"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Industries": {
|
||||
"text": "small machinery, textiles, food processing, cement, shoes, sawn logs, refrigerators, furniture, electric motors, gold, rare earth metals"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Industrial production growth rate": {
|
||||
"text": "-1.6% (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "0.9% (2015 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Labor force": {
|
||||
"text": "2.615 million (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "2.732 million (2015 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Labor force - by occupation": {
|
||||
"agriculture": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -572,7 +578,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Unemployment rate": {
|
||||
"text": "8% (2013 est.) ++ 8.4% (2012 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "8% (2013 est.) ++ 8.1% (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Population below poverty line": {
|
||||
"text": "33.7% (2011 est.)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -590,80 +596,85 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Budget": {
|
||||
"revenues": {
|
||||
"text": "$2.225 billion"
|
||||
"text": "$1.987 billion"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"expenditures": {
|
||||
"text": "$2.26 billion (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$2.085 billion (2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Taxes and other revenues": {
|
||||
"text": "30.1% of GDP (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "29.9% of GDP (2015 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)": {
|
||||
"text": "-0.5% of GDP (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "-1.5% of GDP (2015 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Fiscal year": {
|
||||
"text": "calendar year"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Inflation rate (consumer prices)": {
|
||||
"text": "7.5% (2014 est.) ++ 6.6% (2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "6.5% (2015 est.) ++ 7.5% (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Central bank discount rate": {
|
||||
"text": "13.73% (22 December 2011) ++ 2.5% (31 December 2010)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Commercial bank prime lending rate": {
|
||||
"text": "16.87% (31 December 2014 est.) ++ 20.93% (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "24.25% (31 December 2015 est.) ++ 22.36% (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Stock of narrow money": {
|
||||
"text": "$1.061 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $1.474 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$928.2 million (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $1.062 billion (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Stock of broad money": {
|
||||
"text": "$1.399 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $1.847 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$1.333 billion (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $1.399 billion (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Stock of domestic credit": {
|
||||
"text": "$1.074 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $963.7 million (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$831.4 million (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $1.074 billion (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Market value of publicly traded shares": {
|
||||
"text": "$165 million (31 December 2012 est.) ++ $165 million (31 December 2011) ++ $79 million (31 December 2010 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$165 million (31 December 2012 est.) ++ $165 million (31 December 2011 est.) ++ $79 million (31 December 2010 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Current account balance": {
|
||||
"text": "-$1.245 billion (2014 est.) ++ -$1.101 billion (2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "-$692 million (2015 est.) ++ -$1.33 billion (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Exports": {
|
||||
"text": "$1.892 billion (2014 est.) ++ $2.048 billion (2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$1.61 billion (2015 est.) ++ $1.794 billion (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Exports - commodities": {
|
||||
"text": "gold, cotton, wool, garments, meat, tobacco; mercury, uranium, electricity; machinery; shoes"
|
||||
"text": "gold, cotton, wool, garments, meat; mercury, uranium, electricity; machinery; shoes"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Exports - partners": {
|
||||
"text": "Uzbekistan 29.3%, Kazakhstan 28.5%, UAE 6.6%, Russia 5.9%, Afghanistan 5.8%, Turkey 5.3% (2014)"
|
||||
"text": "Switzerland 26%, Uzbekistan 22.6%, Kazakhstan 20.8%, UAE 4.9%, Turkey 4.5%, Afghanistan 4.5%, Russia 4.2% (2015)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Imports": {
|
||||
"text": "$5.29 billion (2014 est.) ++ $5.614 billion (2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$3.648 billion (2015 est.) ++ $5.204 billion (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Imports - commodities": {
|
||||
"text": "oil and gas, machinery and equipment, chemicals, foodstuffs"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Imports - partners": {
|
||||
"text": "China 54.4%, Russia 18.1%, Kazakhstan 7.8%, Turkey 4.4% (2014)"
|
||||
"text": "China 56.4%, Russia 17.1%, Kazakhstan 9.9% (2015)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Reserves of foreign exchange and gold": {
|
||||
"text": "$1.957 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $2.238 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$1.778 billion (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $1.957 billion (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Debt - external": {
|
||||
"text": "$7.101 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $6.804 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$7.37 billion (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $7.257 billion (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Stock of direct foreign investment - at home": {
|
||||
"text": "$3.537 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $3.451 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$4.347 billion (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $3.667 billion (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad": {
|
||||
"text": "$444 million (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $299.2 million (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$331.4 million (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $418.3 million (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Exchange rates": {
|
||||
"text": "soms (KGS) per US dollar - ++ 53.654 (2014 est.) ++ 53.654 (2013 est.) ++ 47.01 (2012 est.) ++ 46.144 (2011 est.) ++ 45.964 (2010 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "soms (KGS) per US dollar - ++ 64.462 (2015 est.) ++ 53.654 (2014 est.) ++ 53.654 (2013 est.) ++ 47.01 (2012 est.) ++ 46.144 (2011 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Energy": {
|
||||
"Electricity access": {
|
||||
"electrification - total population": {
|
||||
"text": "100% (2016)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Electricity - production": {
|
||||
"text": "14.97 billion kWh (2012 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -737,18 +748,18 @@
|
|||
"Communications": {
|
||||
"Telephones - fixed lines": {
|
||||
"total subscriptions": {
|
||||
"text": "440,000"
|
||||
"text": "408,037"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
|
||||
"text": "8 (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "7 (July 2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "7.6 million"
|
||||
"text": "7.579 million"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
|
||||
"text": "135 (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "134 (July 2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Telephone system": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -756,34 +767,45 @@
|
|||
"text": "telecommunications infrastructure is being upgraded; loans from the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) are being used to install a digital network, digital radio-relay stations, and fiber-optic links"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"domestic": {
|
||||
"text": "fixed-line penetration remains low and concentrated in urban areas; multiple mobile-cellular service providers with growing coverage; mobile-cellular subscribership was about 115 per 100 persons in 2011"
|
||||
"text": "fixed-line penetration remains low and concentrated in urban areas; multiple mobile-cellular service providers with growing coverage; mobile-cellular subscribership up to about 130 per 100 persons in 2015"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"international": {
|
||||
"text": "country code - 996; connections with other CIS countries by landline or microwave radio relay and with other countries by leased connections with Moscow international gateway switch and by satellite; satellite earth stations - 2 (1 Intersputnik, 1 Intelsat); connected internationally by the Trans-Asia-Europe (TAE) fiber-optic line (2011)"
|
||||
"text": "country code - 996; connections with other CIS countries by landline or microwave radio relay and with other countries by leased connections with Moscow international gateway switch and by satellite; satellite earth stations - 2 (1 Intersputnik, 1 Intelsat); connected internationally by the Trans-Asia-Europe (TAE) fiber-optic line (2015)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Broadcast media": {
|
||||
"text": "state-run TV broadcaster operates 2 nationwide networks and 6 regional stations; roughly 20 private TV stations operating with most rebroadcasting other channels; state-run radio broadcaster operates 2 networks; about 20 private radio stations (2007)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Radio broadcast stations": {
|
||||
"text": "AM 3 (plus 10 repeater stations), FM 23, shortwave 2 (2009)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Television broadcast stations": {
|
||||
"text": "8 (2 countrywide and 6 regional stations; state-owned); note - there are about 20 private TV stations, most of which rebroadcast other channels (2007)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Internet country code": {
|
||||
"text": ".kg"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Internet users": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "1.4 million"
|
||||
"text": "1.713 million"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"percent of population": {
|
||||
"text": "24.2% (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "30.2% (July 2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Transportation": {
|
||||
"National air transport system": {
|
||||
"number of registered air carriers": {
|
||||
"text": "3"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers": {
|
||||
"text": "10"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers": {
|
||||
"text": "625,294"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"annual freight traffic on registered air carriers": {
|
||||
"text": "69,290 mt-km (2015)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Civil aircraft registration country code prefix": {
|
||||
"text": "EX (2016)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Airports": {
|
||||
"text": "28 (2013)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -815,7 +837,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "1"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"under 914 m": {
|
||||
"text": " ++ 8 (2013)"
|
||||
"text": "8 (2013)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Pipelines": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -843,39 +865,15 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military": {
|
||||
"Military and Security": {
|
||||
"Military branches": {
|
||||
"text": "Ground Forces, Air Force (includes Air Defense Forces) (2013)"
|
||||
"text": "State Committee on Defense Affairs (GKDO): Ground Forces, Air Force (includes Air Defense Forces) (2015)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military service age and obligation": {
|
||||
"text": "18-27 years of age for compulsory or voluntary male military service in the Armed Forces or Interior Ministry; 1-year service obligation, with optional fee-based 3-year service in the callup mobilization reserve; women may volunteer at age 19; 16-17 years of age for military cadets, who cannot take part in military operations (2013)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Manpower available for military service": {
|
||||
"males age 16-49": {
|
||||
"text": "1,456,881"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"females age 16-49": {
|
||||
"text": "1,470,317 (2010 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Manpower fit for military service": {
|
||||
"males age 16-49": {
|
||||
"text": "1,119,224"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"females age 16-49": {
|
||||
"text": "1,257,263 (2010 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually": {
|
||||
"male": {
|
||||
"text": "56,606"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"female": {
|
||||
"text": "54,056 (2010 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military expenditures": {
|
||||
"text": "NA% (2012) ++ 3.74% of GDP (2011) ++ NA% (2010)"
|
||||
"text": "NA% (2012) ++ 3.74% of GDP (2011)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Transnational Issues": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -884,7 +882,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "12,133 (2014); note - most stateless people were born in Kyrgyzstan, have lived there many years, or are married to a Kyrgyz citizen; in 2009, Kyrgyzstan adopted a national action plan to speed up the exchange of old Soviet passports for Kyrgyz ones; stateless people are unable to register marriages and births, to travel within the country or abroad, to own property, or to receive social benefits"
|
||||
"text": "9,118 (2015); note - most stateless people were born in Kyrgyzstan, have lived there many years, or married Kyrgyz citizens; in 2009, Kyrgyzstan adopted a national action plan to speed up the exchange of old Soviet passports for Kyrgyz ones; stateless people are unable to register marriages and births, to travel within the country or abroad, to own property, or to receive social benefits"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Illicit drugs": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Add table
Add a link
Reference in a new issue