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nov/5 up
This commit is contained in:
Gerald Bauer
parent
780ac9e05b
commit
ca94e2fef5
261 changed files with 32420 additions and 31899 deletions
318
africa/et.json
318
africa/et.json
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@ -26,10 +26,7 @@
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}
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},
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"Area - comparative": {
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"text": "slightly less than twice the size of Texas",
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"Area comparison map": {
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"text": null
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}
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"text": "slightly less than twice the size of Texas"
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},
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"Land boundaries": {
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"total": {
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@ -51,12 +48,12 @@
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"Terrain": {
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"text": "high plateau with central mountain range divided by Great Rift Valley"
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},
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"Elevation extremes": {
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"lowest point": {
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"text": "Danakil Depression -125 m"
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"Elevation": {
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"mean elevation": {
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"text": "1,330 m"
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},
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"highest point": {
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"text": "Ras Dejen 4,533 m"
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"elevation extremes": {
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"text": "lowest point: Danakil Depression -125 m ++ highest point: Ras Dejen 4,533 m"
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}
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},
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"Natural resources": {
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@ -74,18 +71,7 @@
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}
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},
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"Irrigated land": {
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"text": "2,896 sq km (2003)"
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},
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"Total renewable water resources": {
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"text": "122 cu km (2011)"
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},
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"Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural)": {
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"total": {
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"text": "5.56 cu km/yr (13%/1%/86%)"
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},
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"per capita": {
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"text": "80.5 cu m/yr (2005)"
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}
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"text": "2,900 sq km (2012)"
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},
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"Natural hazards": {
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"text": "geologically active Great Rift Valley susceptible to earthquakes, volcanic eruptions; frequent droughts",
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@ -109,6 +95,12 @@
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}
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},
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"People and Society": {
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"Population": {
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"text": "102,374,044",
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"note": {
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"text": "estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality, higher death rates, lower population growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2016 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Nationality": {
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"noun": {
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"text": "Ethiopian(s)"
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@ -118,7 +110,7 @@
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}
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},
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"Ethnic groups": {
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"text": "Oromo 34.4%, Amhara (Amara) 27%, Somali (Somalie) 6.2%, Tigray (Tigrinya) 6.1%, Sidama 4%, Gurage 2.5%, Welaita 2.3%, Hadiya 1.7%, Afar (Affar) 1.7%, Gamo 1.5%, Gedeo 1.3%, Silte 1.3%, Kefficho 1.2%, other 10.5% (2007 est.)"
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"text": "Oromo 34.4%, Amhara (Amara) 27%, Somali (Somalie) 6.2%, Tigray (Tigrinya) 6.1%, Sidama 4%, Gurage 2.5%, Welaita 2.3%, Hadiya 1.7%, Afar (Affar) 1.7%, Gamo 1.5%, Gedeo 1.3%, Silte 1.3%, Kefficho 1.2%, other 8.8% (2007 est.)"
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},
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"Languages": {
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"text": "Oromo (official working language in the State of Oromiya) 33.8%, Amharic (official national language) 29.3%, Somali (official working language of the State of Sumale) 6.2%, Tigrigna (Tigrinya) (official working language of the State of Tigray) 5.9%, Sidamo 4%, Wolaytta 2.2%, Gurage 2%, Afar (official working language of the State of Afar) 1.7%, Hadiyya 1.7%, Gamo 1.5%, Gedeo 1.3%, Opuuo 1.2%, Kafa 1.1%, other 8.1%, English (major foreign language taught in schools), Arabic (2007 est.)"
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@ -126,30 +118,24 @@
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"Religions": {
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"text": "Ethiopian Orthodox 43.5%, Muslim 33.9%, Protestant 18.5%, traditional 2.7%, Catholic 0.7%, other 0.6% (2007 est.)"
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},
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"Population": {
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"text": "99,465,819",
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"note": {
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"text": "estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality, higher death rates, lower population growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2015 est.)"
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}
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"Demographic profile": {
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"text": "Ethiopia is a predominantly agricultural country – more than 80% of the population lives in rural areas – that is in the early stages of demographic transition. Infant, child, and maternal mortality have fallen sharply over the past decade, but the total fertility rate has declined more slowly and the population continues to grow. The rising age of marriage and the increasing proportion of women remaining single have contributed to fertility reduction. While the use of modern contraceptive methods among married women has increased significantly from 6 percent in 2000 to 27 percent in 2012, the overall rate is still quite low. Ethiopia’s rapid population growth is putting increasing pressure on land resources, expanding environmental degradation, and raising vulnerability to food shortages. With more than 40 percent of the population below the age of 15 and a fertility rate of over 5 children per woman (and even higher in rural areas), Ethiopia will have to make further progress in meeting its family planning needs if it is to achieve the age structure necessary for reaping a demographic dividend in the coming decades. Poverty, drought, political repression, and forced government resettlement have driven Ethiopia’s internal and external migration since the 1960s. Before the 1974 revolution, only small numbers of the Ethiopian elite went abroad to study and then returned home, but under the brutal Derg regime thousands fled the country, primarily as refugees. Between 1982 and 1991 there was a new wave of migration to the West for family reunification. Since the defeat of the Derg in 1991, Ethiopians have migrated to escape violence among some of the country’s myriad ethnic groups or to pursue economic opportunities. Internal and international trafficking of women and children for domestic work and prostitution is a growing problem."
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},
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"Age structure": {
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"0-14 years": {
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"text": "43.94% (male 21,900,571/female 21,809,643)"
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"text": "43.71% (male 22,430,798/female 22,316,910)"
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},
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"15-24 years": {
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"text": "19.98% (male 9,865,976/female 10,009,596)"
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"text": "20.04% (male 10,182,973/female 10,332,626)"
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},
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"25-54 years": {
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"text": "29.31% (male 14,487,280/female 14,667,179)"
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"text": "29.45% (male 14,970,645/female 15,178,999)"
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},
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"55-64 years": {
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"text": "3.88% (male 1,882,315/female 1,981,762)"
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"text": "3.89% (male 1,939,635/female 2,047,041)"
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},
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"65 years and over": {
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"text": "2.88% (male 1,289,336/female 1,572,161) (2015 est.)"
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},
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"population pyramid": {
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"text": null
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"text": "2.91% (male 1,338,985/female 1,635,432) (2016 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Dependency ratios": {
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@ -168,29 +154,26 @@
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},
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"Median age": {
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"total": {
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"text": "17.7 years"
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"text": "17.8 years"
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},
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"male": {
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"text": "17.5 years"
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"text": "17.6 years"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "17.8 years (2015 est.)"
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"text": "18 years (2016 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Population growth rate": {
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"text": "2.89% (2015 est.)"
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"text": "2.88% (2016 est.)"
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},
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"Birth rate": {
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"text": "37.27 births/1,000 population (2015 est.)"
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"text": "36.9 births/1,000 population (2016 est.)"
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},
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"Death rate": {
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"text": "8.19 deaths/1,000 population (2015 est.)"
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"text": "7.9 deaths/1,000 population (2016 est.)"
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},
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"Net migration rate": {
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"text": "-0.22 migrant(s)/1,000 population",
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"note": {
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"text": "repatriation of Ethiopian refugees residing in Sudan is expected to continue for several years; some Sudanese, Somali, and Eritrean refugees, who fled to Ethiopia from the fighting or famine in their own countries, continue to return to their homes (2015 est.)"
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}
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"text": "-0.2 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2016 est.)"
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},
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"Urbanization": {
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"urban population": {
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@ -208,7 +191,7 @@
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"text": "1.03 male(s)/female"
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},
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"0-14 years": {
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"text": "1 male(s)/female"
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"text": "1.01 male(s)/female"
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},
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"15-24 years": {
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"text": "0.99 male(s)/female"
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@ -223,7 +206,13 @@
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"text": "0.82 male(s)/female"
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},
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"total population": {
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"text": "0.99 male(s)/female (2015 est.)"
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"text": "0.99 male(s)/female (2016 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Mother's mean age at first birth": {
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"text": "19.6",
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"note": {
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"text": "median age at first birth among women 25-29 (2011 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Maternal mortality rate": {
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@ -231,34 +220,34 @@
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},
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"Infant mortality rate": {
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"total": {
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"text": "53.37 deaths/1,000 live births"
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"text": "51.1 deaths/1,000 live births"
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},
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"male": {
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"text": "61.08 deaths/1,000 live births"
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"text": "58.5 deaths/1,000 live births"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "45.43 deaths/1,000 live births (2015 est.)"
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"text": "43.4 deaths/1,000 live births (2016 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Life expectancy at birth": {
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"total population": {
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"text": "61.48 years"
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"text": "62.2 years"
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},
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"male": {
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"text": "59.11 years"
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"text": "59.8 years"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "63.93 years (2015 est.)"
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"text": "64.7 years (2016 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Total fertility rate": {
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"text": "5.15 children born/woman (2015 est.)"
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"text": "5.07 children born/woman (2016 est.)"
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},
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"Contraceptive prevalence rate": {
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"text": "28.6% (2010/11)"
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},
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"Health expenditures": {
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"text": "5.1% of GDP (2013)"
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"text": "4.9% of GDP (2014)"
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},
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"Physicians density": {
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"text": "0.03 physicians/1,000 population (2009)"
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@ -308,7 +297,7 @@
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"text": "rabies"
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},
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"water contact disease": {
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"text": "schistosomiasis (2013)"
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"text": "schistosomiasis (2016)"
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}
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},
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"Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
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@ -318,7 +307,7 @@
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"text": "25.2% (2014)"
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},
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"Education expenditures": {
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"text": "4.7% of GDP (2010)"
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"text": "4.5% of GDP (2013)"
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},
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"Literacy": {
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"definition": {
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@ -336,13 +325,13 @@
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},
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"School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
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"total": {
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"text": "7 years"
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},
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"male": {
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"text": "8 years"
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},
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"male": {
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"text": "9 years"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "6 years (2005)"
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"text": "8 years (2012)"
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}
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},
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"Child labor - children ages 5-14": {
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@ -355,13 +344,13 @@
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},
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"Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": {
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"total": {
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"text": "24.9%"
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"text": "7.3%"
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},
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"male": {
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"text": "19.5%"
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"text": "5%"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "29.4% (2006 est.)"
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"text": "9.6% (2013 est.)"
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}
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}
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},
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@ -384,10 +373,13 @@
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},
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"abbreviation": {
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"text": "FDRE"
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},
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"etymology": {
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"text": "the country name derives from the Greek word \"Aethiopia,\" which in classical times referred to lands south of Egypt in the Upper Nile region"
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}
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},
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"Government type": {
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"text": "federal republic"
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"text": "federal parliamentary republic"
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},
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"Capital": {
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"name": {
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@ -410,7 +402,7 @@
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"text": "National Day (defeat of MENGISTU regime), 28 May (1991)"
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},
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"Constitution": {
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"text": "several previous; latest drafted June 1994, adopted 8 December 1994, entered into force 21 August 1995 (2015)"
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"text": "several previous; latest drafted June 1994, adopted 8 December 1994, entered into force 21 August 1995 (2016)"
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},
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"Legal system": {
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"text": "civil law system"
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@ -419,8 +411,11 @@
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"text": "has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt"
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},
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"Citizenship": {
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"birthright citizenship": {
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"text": "no, unless at least one parent is a citizen of Ethiopia"
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"citizenship by birth": {
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"text": "no"
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},
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"citizenship by descent only": {
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"text": "at least one parent must be a citizen of Ethiopia"
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},
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"dual citizenship recognized": {
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"text": "no"
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@ -437,7 +432,7 @@
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"text": "President MULATU Teshome Wirtu (since 7 October 2013)"
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},
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"head of government": {
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"text": "Prime Minister HAILEMARIAM Desalegn (since 21 September 2012); Deputy Prime Ministers ASTER Mamo, DEBRETSION Gebre-Michael, DEMEKE Mekonnen Hassen; note - prior to his approval as prime minister, HAILEMARIAM had been acting prime minister due to the death of former Prime Minister MELES"
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"text": "Prime Minister HAILEMARIAM Desalegn (since 21 September 2012); Deputy Prime Ministers DEMEKE Mekonnen Hassen and DEBRETSION Gebre-Michael"
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},
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"cabinet": {
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"text": "Council of Ministers selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives"
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@ -470,7 +465,7 @@
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}
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},
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"Political parties and leaders": {
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"text": "Afar National Democratic Party or ANDP [Mohammed KEDIR] ++ Argoba People's Democratic Organization or APDO ++ Benishangul Gumuz People's Democratic Party or BGPDP ++ Blue Party (Semayawi Party) [Yanatan TESFAYE, spokesman] ++ Ethiopian Federal Democratic Forum or FORUM [Dr. Moga FRISSA] (a UDJ-led 6-party alliance established for the 2010 parliamentary elections) ++ Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front or EPRDF [Hailemarian DESALEGN] (including the following organizations: Amhara National Democratic Movement or ANDM; Oromo People's Democratic Organization or OPDO; Southern Ethiopian People's Democratic Movement or SEPDM; Tigray People's Liberation Front or TPLF) ++ Gambella Peoples Unity Democratic Movement or GPUDM ++ Harari National League or HNL [YASIN Husein] ++ Somali People's Democratic Party or SPDP"
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"text": "Afar National Democratic Party or ANDP [Mohammed KEDIR] ++ Argoba People Democratic Organization or APDO ++ Benishangul Gumuz People's Democratic Party or BGPDP ++ Blue Party (Semayawi Party) [Yanatan TESFAYE, spokesman] ++ Ethiopian Federal Democratic Forum or FORUM [Dr. Moga FRISSA] (a UDJ-led 6-party alliance established for the 2010 parliamentary elections) ++ Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front or EPRDF [Hailemarian DESALEGN] (including the following organizations: Amhara National Democratic Movement or ANDM; Oromo People's Democratic Organization or OPDO; Southern Ethiopian People's Democratic Movement or SEPDM; Tigray People's Liberation Front or TPLF) ++ Gambella Peoples Unity Democratic Movement or GPUDM ++ Harari National League or HNL [YASIN Husein] ++ Somali People's Democratic Party or SPDP"
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},
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"Political pressure groups and leaders": {
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"text": "Ethiopian People's Patriotic Front or EPPF ++ Ogaden National Liberation Front or ONLF ++ Oromo Liberation Front or OLF [DAOUD Ibsa]"
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@ -480,7 +475,7 @@
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},
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"Diplomatic representation in the US": {
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"chief of mission": {
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"text": "Ambassador GIRMA Birru (since 6 January 2011)"
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"text": "Ambassador GIRMA Birru Geda (since 6 January 2011)"
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},
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"chancery": {
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"text": "3506 International Drive NW, Washington, DC 20008"
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@ -500,19 +495,19 @@
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},
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"Diplomatic representation from the US": {
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"chief of mission": {
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"text": "Ambassador Patricia Marie HASLACH (since 25 September 2013)"
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"text": "Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Peter H. VROOMAN (since 2015)"
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},
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"embassy": {
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"text": "Entoto Street, Addis Ababa"
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},
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"mailing address": {
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"text": "P. O. Box 1014, Addis Ababa"
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"text": "P.O. Box 1014, Addis Ababa"
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},
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"telephone": {
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"text": "130-6000"
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"text": "[251] 11 130-6000"
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},
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"FAX": {
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"text": "124-2401"
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"text": "124-2401 [251] 11 124 2401"
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}
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},
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"Flag description": {
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@ -538,71 +533,71 @@
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},
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"Economy": {
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"Economy - overview": {
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"text": "Ethiopia's economy is based on agriculture, but the government is pushing to diversify into manufacturing, textiles, and energy generation. Coffee is a major export crop. The agricultural sector suffers from poor cultivation practices and frequent drought, but recent joint efforts by the Government of Ethiopia and donors have strengthened Ethiopia's agricultural resilience, contributing to a reduction in the number of Ethiopians threatened with starvation. The banking, insurance, telecommunications, and micro-credit industries are restricted to domestic investors, but Ethiopia has attracted significant foreign investment in textiles, leather, commercial agriculture and manufacturing. Under Ethiopia's constitution, the state owns all land and provides long-term leases to the tenants; land use certificates are now being issued in some areas so that tenants have more recognizable rights to continued occupancy and hence make more concerted efforts to improve their leaseholds. While GDP growth has remained high, based on high saving and high investment, per capita income is among the lowest in the world. Ethiopia's economy continues on its state-led Growth and Transformation Plan and is scheduled to issue another development plan in 2015. Ethiopia has achieved high single-digit growth rates through government-led infrastructure expansion and commercial agriculture development. Ethiopia in late 2014 issued its first sovereign bond, generating $1 billion in revenue for a 10 year note."
|
||||
"text": "Ethiopia has grown at a rate between 8% and 11% annually for more than a decade and the country is the fifth-fastest growing economy among the 188 IMF member countries. This growth has been driven by sustained progress in the agricultural and service sectors. Ethiopia has the lowest level of income-inequality in Africa and one of the lowest in the world, with a Gini coefficient comparable to that of the Scandinavian countries. Yet despite progress toward eliminating extreme poverty, Ethiopia remains one of the poorest countries in the world, due both to rapid population growth and a low starting base. Changes in rainfall associated with world-wide weather patterns resulted in the worst drought in thirty years in 2015/2016, creating food insecurity for millions of Ethiopians. ++ ++ Almost 80% of Ethiopia’s population is still employed in the agricultural sector, but services have surpassed agriculture as the principal source of GDP. Under Ethiopia's constitution, the state owns all land and provides long-term leases to tenants. Since 2005, the Ethiopian government has introduced a system to register traditional land use rights and provide certificates documenting these rights. Initial surveys show that land-use certificates have significantly increased the willingness of farmers to invest in improvements on their land, from terracing to irrigation. However, title rights in urban areas, particularly Addis Ababa, are poorly regulated, and subject to corruption. ++ ++ Ethiopia’s export earnings are led by the services sector - primarily Ethiopian airlines - followed by several commodities. While coffee remains the largest foreign exchange earner, Ethiopia is diversifying exports and commodities such as gold, sesame, khat, livestock and horticulture products are becoming increasingly important. Manufacturing represents less than 8% of total exports. The banking, insurance, telecommunications, and micro-credit industries are restricted to domestic investors, but Ethiopia has attracted significant foreign investment in textiles, leather, commercial agriculture, and light manufacturing. ++ ++ Ethiopia remains a one-party state with a planned economy. In the fall of 2015, the government finalized and published the current 2016-2020 five year plan, known as the Growth and Transformation Plan (GTP II). GTP II emphasizes developing manufactures in sectors where Ethiopia has a comparative advantage in exporting, including textiles and garments, leather goods, and processed agricultural products. New infrastructure projects are to include power production and distribution, roads, rails, airports and industrial parks. To support industrialization, Ethiopia plans to increase power generation by 8,320 MW, up from an installed capacity of 2,000 MW, by building three more major dams and expanding to other sources of renewable energy. Construction is underway on an electric railway network that will connect Ethiopia to all its neighbors, with a link to the Port of Djibouti already finished and partially functioning. A tripling of capacity at the international airport in Addis Ababa to 25 million passengers will be completed in 2017, while construction of a completely new airport is being planned by 2025. Meanwhile, the domestic airport network has expanded to nineteen airports in a country where mountains and deserts make developing and maintaining a road network challenging. Despite difficult topography, more than a hundred thousand kilometers of roads have been built, connecting previously isolated regions."
|
||||
},
|
||||
"GDP (purchasing power parity)": {
|
||||
"text": "$145.1 billion (2014 est.) ++ $131.5 billion (2013 est.) ++ $119.7 billion (2012 est.)",
|
||||
"text": "$162 billion (2015 est.) ++ $147 billion (2014 est.) ++ $133.2 billion (2013 est.)",
|
||||
"note": {
|
||||
"text": "data are in 2014 US dollars"
|
||||
"text": "data are in 2015 US dollars"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"GDP (official exchange rate)": {
|
||||
"text": "$54.81 billion (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$61.63 billion (2015 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"GDP - real growth rate": {
|
||||
"text": "10.3% (2014 est.) ++ 9.8% (2013 est.) ++ 8.7% (2012 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "10.2% (2015 est.) ++ 10.3% (2014 est.) ++ 9.9% (2013 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"GDP - per capita (PPP)": {
|
||||
"text": "$1,600 (2014 est.) ++ $1,500 (2013 est.) ++ $1,400 (2012 est.)",
|
||||
"text": "$1,800 (2015 est.) ++ $1,700 (2014 est.) ++ $1,500 (2013 est.)",
|
||||
"note": {
|
||||
"text": "data are in 2014 US dollars"
|
||||
"text": "data are in 2015 US dollars"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Gross national saving": {
|
||||
"text": "28.8% of GDP (2014 est.) ++ 29.7% of GDP (2013 est.) ++ 31.2% of GDP (2012 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "31.7% of GDP (2015 est.) ++ 30.2% of GDP (2014 est.) ++ 28.1% of GDP (2013 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"GDP - composition, by end use": {
|
||||
"household consumption": {
|
||||
"text": "69.5%"
|
||||
"text": "66.8%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"government consumption": {
|
||||
"text": "8%"
|
||||
"text": "9.5%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"investment in fixed capital": {
|
||||
"text": "40.3%"
|
||||
"text": "38%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"investment in inventories": {
|
||||
"text": "0%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"exports of goods and services": {
|
||||
"text": "11.7%"
|
||||
"text": "9.5%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"imports of goods and services": {
|
||||
"text": "-29.5% ++ (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "-23.8% (2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"GDP - composition, by sector of origin": {
|
||||
"agriculture": {
|
||||
"text": "42.3%"
|
||||
"text": "40.5%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"industry": {
|
||||
"text": "15.4%"
|
||||
"text": "16.2%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"services": {
|
||||
"text": "42.2% (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "43.3% (2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Agriculture - products": {
|
||||
"text": "cereals, coffee, oilseed, cotton, sugarcane, vegetables, khat, cut flowers; hides, cattle, sheep, goats; fish"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Industries": {
|
||||
"text": "food processing, beverages, textiles, leather, chemicals, metals processing, cement"
|
||||
"text": "food processing, beverages, textiles, leather, garments, chemicals, metals processing, cement"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Industrial production growth rate": {
|
||||
"text": "7.5% (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "21.6% (2015 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Labor force": {
|
||||
"text": "47.54 million (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "49.27 million (2015 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Labor force - by occupation": {
|
||||
"agriculture": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -619,7 +614,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "17.5% (2012 est.) ++ 18% (2011 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Population below poverty line": {
|
||||
"text": "39% (2012 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "29.6% (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Household income or consumption by percentage share": {
|
||||
"lowest 10%": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -634,20 +629,20 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Budget": {
|
||||
"revenues": {
|
||||
"text": "$8.515 billion"
|
||||
"text": "$9.262 billion"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"expenditures": {
|
||||
"text": "$10.13 billion (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$10.7 billion (2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Taxes and other revenues": {
|
||||
"text": "15.5% of GDP (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "15% of GDP (2015 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)": {
|
||||
"text": "-2.9% of GDP (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "-2.3% of GDP (2015 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Public debt": {
|
||||
"text": "47.5% of GDP (2014 est.) ++ 45.8% of GDP (2013 est.)",
|
||||
"text": "49.6% of GDP (2015 est.) ++ 54.5% of GDP (2014 est.)",
|
||||
"note": {
|
||||
"text": "official data cover central government debt, including debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury and treasury debt owned by foreign entities; the data exclude debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intragovernmental debt; debt instruments for the social funds are not sold at public auctions"
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
@ -656,58 +651,72 @@
|
|||
"text": "8 July - 7 July"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Inflation rate (consumer prices)": {
|
||||
"text": "7.4% (2014 est.) ++ 8.1% (2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "10.1% (2015 est.) ++ 7.4% (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Central bank discount rate": {
|
||||
"text": "NA%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Commercial bank prime lending rate": {
|
||||
"text": "11% (31 December 2014 est.) ++ 12% (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "11.5% (31 December 2015 est.) ++ 11% (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Stock of narrow money": {
|
||||
"text": "$9.981 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $8.256 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$11.97 billion (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $10.1 billion (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Stock of broad money": {
|
||||
"text": "$20.75 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $17.46 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$23.77 billion (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $20.75 billion (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Stock of domestic credit": {
|
||||
"text": "$22.58 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $18.19 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$28.41 billion (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $22.66 billion (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Market value of publicly traded shares": {
|
||||
"text": "$NA"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Current account balance": {
|
||||
"text": "-$4.407 billion (2014 est.) ++ -$2.821 billion (2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "-$7.392 billion (2015 est.) ++ -$4.407 billion (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Exports": {
|
||||
"text": "$3.721 billion (2014 est.) ++ $3.519 billion (2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$2.935 billion (2015 est.) ++ $3.283 billion (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Exports - commodities": {
|
||||
"text": "coffee, khat, gold, leather products, live animals, oilseeds"
|
||||
"text": "coffee (27%, by value), oilseeds (17%), edible vegetables including khat (17%), gold (13%), flowers (7%), live animals (7%), raw leather products (3%), meat products (3%)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Exports - partners": {
|
||||
"text": "China 17.1%, Germany 7.6%, US 7.2%, Belgium 6.8%, Saudi Arabia 6.7% (2014)"
|
||||
"text": "Switzerland 14.3%, China 11.7%, US 9.5%, Netherlands 8.8%, Saudi Arabia 5.9%, Germany 5.7% (2015)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Imports": {
|
||||
"text": "$11.57 billion (2014 est.) ++ $10.68 billion (2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$15.87 billion (2015 est.) ++ $15.86 billion (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Imports - commodities": {
|
||||
"text": "food and live animals, petroleum and petroleum products, chemicals, machinery, motor vehicles, cereals, textiles"
|
||||
"text": "machinery and aircraft (14%, by value), metal and metal products, (14%), electrical materials, (13%), petroleum products (12%), motor vehicles, (10%), chemicals and fertilizers (4%)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Imports - partners": {
|
||||
"text": "China 19.2%, US 11.4%, Saudi Arabia 6.7%, India 5% (2014)"
|
||||
"text": "China 20.4%, US 9.2%, Saudi Arabia 6.5%, India 4.5% (2015)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Reserves of foreign exchange and gold": {
|
||||
"text": "$3.483 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $3.382 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$3.113 billion (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $3.132 billion (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Debt - external": {
|
||||
"text": "$15.55 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $12.56 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$19.04 billion (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $16.59 billion (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Exchange rates": {
|
||||
"text": "birr (ETB) per US dollar - ++ 19.8 (2014 est.) ++ 19.8 (2013 est.) ++ 17.71 (2012 est.) ++ 16.899 (2011 est.) ++ 14.41 (2010 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "birr (ETB) per US dollar - ++ 21.55 (2015 est.) ++ 19.8 (2014 est.) ++ 19.8 (2013 est.) ++ 17.71 (2012 est.) ++ 16.899 (2011 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Energy": {
|
||||
"Electricity access": {
|
||||
"population without electricity": {
|
||||
"text": "71,200,000"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"electrification - total population": {
|
||||
"text": "24%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"electrification - urban areas": {
|
||||
"text": "85%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"electrification - rural areas": {
|
||||
"text": "10% (2013)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Electricity - production": {
|
||||
"text": "6.632 billion kWh (2012 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -781,18 +790,18 @@
|
|||
"Communications": {
|
||||
"Telephones - fixed lines": {
|
||||
"total subscriptions": {
|
||||
"text": "820,000"
|
||||
"text": "890,642"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
|
||||
"text": "1 (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "1 (July 2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "30.5 million"
|
||||
"text": "42.312 million"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
|
||||
"text": "32 (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "43 (July 2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Telephone system": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -800,34 +809,45 @@
|
|||
"text": "inadequate telephone system with the Ethio Telecom maintaining a monopoly over telecommunication services; open-wire, microwave radio relay; radio communication in the HF, VHF, and UHF frequencies; 2 domestic satellites provide the national trunk service"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"domestic": {
|
||||
"text": "the number of fixed lines and mobile telephones is increasing from a small base; combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular teledensity is roughly 15 per 100 persons"
|
||||
"text": "the number of mobile telephones is increasing steadily from a small base and now stands at over 40 per 100 persons"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"international": {
|
||||
"text": "country code - 251; open-wire to Sudan and Djibouti; microwave radio relay to Kenya and Djibouti; satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 2 Pacific Ocean) (2011)"
|
||||
"text": "country code - 251; open-wire to Sudan and Djibouti; microwave radio relay to Kenya and Djibouti; satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 2 Pacific Ocean) (2015)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Broadcast media": {
|
||||
"text": "1 public TV station broadcasting nationally and 1 public radio broadcaster with stations in each of the 13 administrative districts; a few commercial radio stations and roughly a dozen community radio stations (2009)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Radio broadcast stations": {
|
||||
"text": "AM 8, FM 0, shortwave 1 (2001)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Television broadcast stations": {
|
||||
"text": "1 (plus 24 repeaters) (2001)"
|
||||
"text": "6 public TV stations broadcasting nationally and 10 public radio broadcasters; 7 private radio stations and 18 community radio stations (2015)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Internet country code": {
|
||||
"text": ".et"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Internet users": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "1.6 million"
|
||||
"text": "11.538 million"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"percent of population": {
|
||||
"text": "1.7% (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "11.6% (July 2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Transportation": {
|
||||
"National air transport system": {
|
||||
"number of registered air carriers": {
|
||||
"text": "1"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers": {
|
||||
"text": "75"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers": {
|
||||
"text": "7,074,779"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"annual freight traffic on registered air carriers": {
|
||||
"text": "1,228,738,320 mt-km (2015)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Civil aircraft registration country code prefix": {
|
||||
"text": "ET (2016)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Airports": {
|
||||
"text": "57 (2013)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -862,7 +882,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "20"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"under 914 m": {
|
||||
"text": " ++ 8 (2013)"
|
||||
"text": "8 (2013)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Railways": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -878,13 +898,13 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Roadways": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "44,359 km"
|
||||
"text": "110,414 km"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"paved": {
|
||||
"text": "6,064 km"
|
||||
"text": "14,354 km"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"unpaved": {
|
||||
"text": "38,295 km (2007)"
|
||||
"text": "96,060 km (2015)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -899,37 +919,13 @@
|
|||
"text": "Ethiopia is landlocked and uses the ports of Djibouti in Djibouti and Berbera in Somalia"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military": {
|
||||
"Military and Security": {
|
||||
"Military branches": {
|
||||
"text": "Ethiopian National Defense Force (ENDF): Ground Forces, Ethiopian Air Force (Ye Ityopya Ayer Hayl, ETAF) (2013)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military service age and obligation": {
|
||||
"text": "18 years of age for voluntary military service; no compulsory military service, but the military can conduct callups when necessary and compliance is compulsory (2012)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Manpower available for military service": {
|
||||
"males age 16-49": {
|
||||
"text": "19,067,499"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"females age 16-49": {
|
||||
"text": "19,726,816 (2010 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Manpower fit for military service": {
|
||||
"males age 16-49": {
|
||||
"text": "11,868,084"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"females age 16-49": {
|
||||
"text": "12,889,260 (2010 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually": {
|
||||
"male": {
|
||||
"text": "967,411"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"female": {
|
||||
"text": "981,714 (2010 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military expenditures": {
|
||||
"text": "0.91% of GDP (2012) ++ 1.1% of GDP (2011) ++ 0.91% of GDP (2010)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
@ -940,10 +936,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "279,245 (South Sudan); 251,261 (Somalia); 147,190 (Eritrea); 37,113 (Sudan); 8,114 (Yemen) (2015)"
|
||||
"text": "321,231 (South Sudan) (refugees and asylum seekers); 254,277 (Somalia) (refugees); 155,276 (Eritrea) (refugees and asylum seekers); 37,959 (Sudan) (refugees and asylum seekers) (2016)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"IDPs": {
|
||||
"text": "413,400 (border war with Eritrea from 1998-2000; ethnic clashes; and ongoing fighting between the Ethiopian military and separatist rebel groups in the Sumale and Oromiya regions; natural disasters; intercommunal violence; most IDPs live in Sumale state) (2015)"
|
||||
"text": "450,000 (border war with Eritrea from 1998-2000; ethnic clashes; and ongoing fighting between the Ethiopian military and separatist rebel groups in the Sumale and Oromiya regions; natural disasters; intercommunal violence; most IDPs live in Sumale state) (2015)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Illicit drugs": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Add table
Add a link
Reference in a new issue