mirror of
https://github.com/factbook/factbook.json.git
synced 2026-06-25 19:38:06 +02:00
nov/5 up
This commit is contained in:
Gerald Bauer
parent
780ac9e05b
commit
ca94e2fef5
261 changed files with 32420 additions and 31899 deletions
277
africa/er.json
277
africa/er.json
|
|
@ -26,10 +26,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Area - comparative": {
|
||||
"text": "slightly larger than Pennsylvania",
|
||||
"Area comparison map": {
|
||||
"text": null
|
||||
}
|
||||
"text": "slightly larger than Pennsylvania"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Land boundaries": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -53,12 +50,12 @@
|
|||
"Terrain": {
|
||||
"text": "dominated by extension of Ethiopian north-south trending highlands, descending on the east to a coastal desert plain, on the northwest to hilly terrain and on the southwest to flat-to-rolling plains"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Elevation extremes": {
|
||||
"lowest point": {
|
||||
"text": "near Kulul within the Danakil Depression -75 m"
|
||||
"Elevation": {
|
||||
"mean elevation": {
|
||||
"text": "853 m"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"highest point": {
|
||||
"text": "Soira 3,018 m"
|
||||
"elevation extremes": {
|
||||
"text": "lowest point: near Kulul within the Danakil Depression -75 m ++ highest point: Soira 3,018 m"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Natural resources": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -76,18 +73,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Irrigated land": {
|
||||
"text": "215.9 sq km (2003)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Total renewable water resources": {
|
||||
"text": "6.3 cu km (2011)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural)": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "0.58 cu km/yr (5%/0%/95%)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"per capita": {
|
||||
"text": "121.3 cu m/yr (2004)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
"text": "210 sq km (2012)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Natural hazards": {
|
||||
"text": "frequent droughts, rare earthquakes and volcanoes; locust swarms",
|
||||
|
|
@ -111,6 +97,9 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"People and Society": {
|
||||
"Population": {
|
||||
"text": "5,869,869 (July 2016 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Nationality": {
|
||||
"noun": {
|
||||
"text": "Eritrean(s)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -128,27 +117,24 @@
|
|||
"Religions": {
|
||||
"text": "Muslim, Coptic Christian, Roman Catholic, Protestant"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Population": {
|
||||
"text": "6,527,689 (July 2015 est.)"
|
||||
"Demographic profile": {
|
||||
"text": "Eritrea is a persistently poor country that has made progress in some socioeconomic categories but not in others. Education and human capital formation are national priorities for facilitating economic development and eradicating poverty. To this end, Eritrea has made great strides in improving adult literacy – doubling the literacy rate over the last 20 years – in large part because of its successful adult education programs. The overall literacy rate was estimated to be almost 74% in 2015; more work needs to be done to raise female literacy and school attendance among nomadic and rural communities. Subsistence farming fails to meet the needs of Eritrea’s growing population because of repeated droughts, dwindling arable land, overgrazing, soil erosion, and a shortage of farmers due to conscription and displacement. The government’s emphasis on spending on defense over agriculture and its lack of foreign exchange to import food also contribute to food insecurity. Eritrea has been a leading refugee source country since at least the 1960s, when its 30-year war for independence from Ethiopia began. Since gaining independence in 1993, Eritreans have continued migrating to Sudan, Ethiopia, Yemen, Egypt, or Israel because of a lack of basic human rights or political freedom, educational and job opportunities, or to seek asylum because of militarization. Eritrea’s large diaspora has been a source of vital remittances, funding its war for independence and providing 30% of the country’s GDP annually since it became independent. In the last few years, Eritreans have increasingly been trafficked and held hostage by Bedouins in the Sinai Desert, where they are victims of organ harvesting, rape, extortion, and torture. Some Eritrean trafficking victims are kidnapped after being smuggled to Sudan or Ethiopia, while others are kidnapped from within or around refugee camps or crossing Eritrea’s borders. Eritreans composed approximately 90% of the conservatively estimated 25,000-30,000 victims of Sinai trafficking from 2009-2013, according to a 2013 consultancy firm report."
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Age structure": {
|
||||
"0-14 years": {
|
||||
"text": "40.25% (male 1,320,752/female 1,306,357)"
|
||||
"text": "40.66% (male 1,199,355/female 1,187,467)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"15-24 years": {
|
||||
"text": "20.43% (male 665,900/female 667,509)"
|
||||
"text": "19.39% (male 566,199/female 571,743)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"25-54 years": {
|
||||
"text": "31.86% (male 1,031,391/female 1,048,303)"
|
||||
"text": "32.33% (male 933,825/female 963,812)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"55-64 years": {
|
||||
"text": "3.73% (male 104,004/female 139,637)"
|
||||
"text": "3.73% (male 93,325/female 125,411)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"65 years and over": {
|
||||
"text": "3.74% (male 104,513/female 139,323) (2015 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"population pyramid": {
|
||||
"text": null
|
||||
"text": "3.9% (male 97,248/female 131,484) (2016 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Dependency ratios": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -167,26 +153,26 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Median age": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "19.3 years"
|
||||
"text": "19.4 years"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"male": {
|
||||
"text": "19 years"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"female": {
|
||||
"text": "19.7 years (2015 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "19.9 years (2016 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Population growth rate": {
|
||||
"text": "2.25% (2015 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "0.81% (2016 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Birth rate": {
|
||||
"text": "30 births/1,000 population (2015 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "30.1 births/1,000 population (2016 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Death rate": {
|
||||
"text": "7.52 deaths/1,000 population (2015 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "7.3 deaths/1,000 population (2016 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Net migration rate": {
|
||||
"text": "0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2015 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "-14.7 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2016 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Urbanization": {
|
||||
"urban population": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -207,19 +193,25 @@
|
|||
"text": "1.01 male(s)/female"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"15-24 years": {
|
||||
"text": "1 male(s)/female"
|
||||
"text": "0.99 male(s)/female"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"25-54 years": {
|
||||
"text": "0.98 male(s)/female"
|
||||
"text": "0.97 male(s)/female"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"55-64 years": {
|
||||
"text": "0.75 male(s)/female"
|
||||
"text": "0.74 male(s)/female"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"65 years and over": {
|
||||
"text": "0.75 male(s)/female"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"total population": {
|
||||
"text": "0.98 male(s)/female (2015 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "0.97 male(s)/female (2016 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Mother's mean age at first birth": {
|
||||
"text": "21.3",
|
||||
"note": {
|
||||
"text": "median age at first birth among women 25-29 (2010 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Maternal mortality rate": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -227,31 +219,31 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Infant mortality rate": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "37.53 deaths/1,000 live births"
|
||||
"text": "45.6 deaths/1,000 live births"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"male": {
|
||||
"text": "42.59 deaths/1,000 live births"
|
||||
"text": "52.6 deaths/1,000 live births"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"female": {
|
||||
"text": "32.31 deaths/1,000 live births (2015 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "38.5 deaths/1,000 live births (2016 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Life expectancy at birth": {
|
||||
"total population": {
|
||||
"text": "63.81 years"
|
||||
"text": "64.9 years"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"male": {
|
||||
"text": "61.65 years"
|
||||
"text": "62.4 years"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"female": {
|
||||
"text": "66.03 years (2015 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "67.5 years (2016 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Total fertility rate": {
|
||||
"text": "4.02 children born/woman (2015 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "4.07 children born/woman (2016 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Health expenditures": {
|
||||
"text": "3% of GDP (2013)"
|
||||
"text": "3.3% of GDP (2014)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Hospital bed density": {
|
||||
"text": "0.7 beds/1,000 population (2011)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -273,13 +265,13 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate": {
|
||||
"text": "0.68% (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "0.61% (2015 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS": {
|
||||
"text": "16,100 (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "14,100 (2015 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"HIV/AIDS - deaths": {
|
||||
"text": "700 (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "500 (2015 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Major infectious diseases": {
|
||||
"degree of risk": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -289,7 +281,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"vectorborne diseases": {
|
||||
"text": "malaria and dengue fever (2013)"
|
||||
"text": "malaria and dengue fever (2016)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -314,6 +306,17 @@
|
|||
"female": {
|
||||
"text": "65.5% (2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "5 years"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"male": {
|
||||
"text": "6 years"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"female": {
|
||||
"text": "4 years (2010)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Government": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -332,10 +335,13 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"former": {
|
||||
"text": "Eritrea Autonomous Region in Ethiopia"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"etymology": {
|
||||
"text": "the country name derives from the ancient Greek appellation \"Erythra Thalassa\" meaning Red Sea, which is the major water body bordering the country"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Government type": {
|
||||
"text": "authoritarian presidential regime"
|
||||
"text": "presidential republic"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Capital": {
|
||||
"name": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -358,7 +364,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "Independence Day, 24 May (1991)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Constitution": {
|
||||
"text": "adopted 23 May 1997 (not fully implemented); note - in mid-2014, the president announced plans to draft a new constitution (2015)"
|
||||
"text": "adopted 23 May 1997 (not fully implemented); note - drafting of a new constitution, which began in 2014, continued into 2016 (2016)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Legal system": {
|
||||
"text": "mixed legal system of civil, customary, and Islamic religious law"
|
||||
|
|
@ -367,8 +373,11 @@
|
|||
"text": "has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Citizenship": {
|
||||
"birthright citizenship": {
|
||||
"text": "no, unless at least one parent is a citizen of Eritrea"
|
||||
"citizenship by birth": {
|
||||
"text": "no"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"citizenship by descent only": {
|
||||
"text": "at least one parent must be a citizen of Eritrea"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"dual citizenship recognized": {
|
||||
"text": "no"
|
||||
|
|
@ -440,9 +449,6 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"FAX": {
|
||||
"text": "[1] (202) 319-1304"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"consulate(s) general": {
|
||||
"text": "San Francisco"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Diplomatic representation from the US": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -453,7 +459,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "179 Ala Street, Asmara"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"mailing address": {
|
||||
"text": "P. O. Box 211, Asmara"
|
||||
"text": "P.O. Box 211, Asmara"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"telephone": {
|
||||
"text": "[291] (1) 120004"
|
||||
|
|
@ -485,58 +491,58 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Economy": {
|
||||
"Economy - overview": {
|
||||
"text": "Since formal independence from Ethiopia in 1993, Eritrea has faced many economic problems, including lack of resources and chronic drought, which have been exacerbated by restrictive economic policies. Eritrea has a command economy under the control of the sole political party, the People's Front for Democracy and Justice (PFDJ). Like the economies of many African nations, a large share of the population - nearly 80% - is engaged in subsistence agriculture, but the sector only produces a small share of the country's total output. Since the conclusion of the Ethiopian-Eritrea war in 2000, the government has expanded use of military and party-owned businesses to complete President ISAIAS's development agenda. The government has strictly controlled the use of foreign currency by limiting access and availability; new regulations in 2013 aimed at relaxing currency controls have had little economic effect. Few large private enterprises exist in Eritrea and most operate in conjunction with government partners, including a number of large international mining ventures that have recently begun production. While reliable statistics on food security are difficult to obtain, erratic rainfall and the percentage of the labor force tied up in national service continue to interfere with agricultural production and economic development. Eritrea's harvests generally cannot meet the food needs of the country without supplemental grain purchases. Copper, potash, and gold production is likely to drive economic growth over the next few years, but military spending will continue to compete with development and investment plans. Eritrea's economic future will depend on market reform, international sanctions, global food prices, and success at addressing social problems such refugee emigration."
|
||||
"text": "Since formal independence from Ethiopia in 1993, Eritrea has faced many economic problems, including lack of financial resources and chronic drought, which have been exacerbated by restrictive economic policies. Eritrea has a command economy under the control of the sole political party, the People's Front for Democracy and Justice. Like the economies of many African nations, a large share of the population - nearly 80% in Eritrea - is engaged in subsistence agriculture, but the sector only produces a small share of the country's total output. ++ ++ Since the conclusion of the Ethiopia-Eritrea war in 2000, the government has expanded use of military and party-owned businesses to complete President ISAIAS's development agenda. The government has strictly controlled the use of foreign currency by limiting access and availability; new regulations in 2013 aimed at relaxing currency controls have had little economic effect. Few large private enterprises exist in Eritrea and most operate in conjunction with government partners, including a number of large international mining ventures, which began production in 2013. In late 2015, the government of Eritrea introduced a new currency, retaining the name nakfa, and restricted the amount of hard currency individuals could withdraw from banks per month. The changeover has resulted in exchange fluctuations and the scarcity of hard currency available in the market. ++ ++ While reliable statistics on food security are difficult to obtain, erratic rainfall and the percentage of the labor force tied up in national service continue to interfere with agricultural production and economic development. Eritrea's harvests generally cannot meet the food needs of the country without supplemental grain purchases. Copper, potash, and gold production are likely to drive economic growth and government revenue over the next few years, but military spending will continue to compete with development and investment plans. Eritrea's economic future will depend on market reform, international sanctions, global food prices, and success at addressing social problems such as refugee emigration."
|
||||
},
|
||||
"GDP (purchasing power parity)": {
|
||||
"text": "$7.842 billion (2014 est.) ++ $7.711 billion (2013 est.) ++ $7.61 billion (2012 est.)",
|
||||
"text": "$8.73 billion (2015 est.) ++ $8.332 billion (2014 est.) ++ $7.936 billion (2013 est.)",
|
||||
"note": {
|
||||
"text": "data are in 2014 US dollars"
|
||||
"text": "data are in 2015 US dollars"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"GDP (official exchange rate)": {
|
||||
"text": "$3.858 billion (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$4.666 billion (2015 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"GDP - real growth rate": {
|
||||
"text": "1.7% (2014 est.) ++ 1.3% (2013 est.) ++ 7% (2012 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "4.8% (2015 est.) ++ 5% (2014 est.) ++ 3.1% (2013 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"GDP - per capita (PPP)": {
|
||||
"text": "$1,200 (2014 est.) ++ $1,200 (2013 est.) ++ $1,200 (2012 est.)",
|
||||
"text": "$1,300 (2015 est.) ++ $1,300 (2014 est.) ++ $1,300 (2013 est.)",
|
||||
"note": {
|
||||
"text": "data are in 2014 US dollars"
|
||||
"text": "data are in 2015 US dollars; estimates for the size of the Eritrean population vary widely from 3 to 6 million"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Gross national saving": {
|
||||
"text": "2.4% of GDP (2014 est.) ++ 4% of GDP (2013 est.) ++ 5.9% of GDP (2012 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "1.3% of GDP (2015 est.) ++ 4% of GDP (2014 est.) ++ 3.6% of GDP (2013 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"GDP - composition, by end use": {
|
||||
"household consumption": {
|
||||
"text": "91.5%"
|
||||
"text": "81.7%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"government consumption": {
|
||||
"text": "22.8%"
|
||||
"text": "22.4%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"investment in fixed capital": {
|
||||
"text": "15.7%"
|
||||
"text": "10.2%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"investment in inventories": {
|
||||
"text": "-15.3%"
|
||||
"text": "-0.1%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"exports of goods and services": {
|
||||
"text": "10.1%"
|
||||
"text": "9.4%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"imports of goods and services": {
|
||||
"text": "-24.8% ++ (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "-23.7% (2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"GDP - composition, by sector of origin": {
|
||||
"agriculture": {
|
||||
"text": "12.3%"
|
||||
"text": "12.5%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"industry": {
|
||||
"text": "28.7%"
|
||||
"text": "27.5%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"services": {
|
||||
"text": "59% (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "60% (2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Agriculture - products": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -546,10 +552,10 @@
|
|||
"text": "food processing, beverages, clothing and textiles, light manufacturing, salt, cement"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Industrial production growth rate": {
|
||||
"text": "6.5% (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "-1% (2015 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Labor force": {
|
||||
"text": "3.155 million (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "2.542 million (2015 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Labor force - by occupation": {
|
||||
"agriculture": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -575,65 +581,79 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Budget": {
|
||||
"revenues": {
|
||||
"text": "$1.145 billion"
|
||||
"text": "$1.216 billion"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"expenditures": {
|
||||
"text": "$1.639 billion (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$1.834 billion (2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Taxes and other revenues": {
|
||||
"text": "29.7% of GDP (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "26.1% of GDP (2015 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)": {
|
||||
"text": "-12.8% of GDP (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "-13.2% of GDP (2015 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Public debt": {
|
||||
"text": "125.3% of GDP (2014 est.) ++ 126% of GDP (2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "121.8% of GDP (2015 est.) ++ 120.7% of GDP (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Fiscal year": {
|
||||
"text": "calendar year"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Inflation rate (consumer prices)": {
|
||||
"text": "12.3% (2014 est.) ++ 12.3% (2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "9% (2015 est.) ++ 10% (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Commercial bank prime lending rate": {
|
||||
"text": "NA%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Stock of narrow money": {
|
||||
"text": "$2.129 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $1.843 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$2.386 billion (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $2.118 billion (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Stock of broad money": {
|
||||
"text": "$4.494 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $3.983 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$5.523 billion (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $4.494 billion (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Stock of domestic credit": {
|
||||
"text": "$4.052 billion (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $3.647 billion (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$4.774 billion (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $4.221 billion (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Current account balance": {
|
||||
"text": "-$35 million (2014 est.) ++ $12 million (2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "-$102 million (2015 est.) ++ $23 million (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Exports": {
|
||||
"text": "$504.9 million (2014 est.) ++ $462 million (2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$415.3 million (2015 est.) ++ $496.3 million (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Exports - commodities": {
|
||||
"text": "gold and other minerals, livestock, sorghum, textiles, food, small manufactures"
|
||||
"text": "gold and other minerals, livestock, sorghum, textiles, food, small industry manufactures"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Imports": {
|
||||
"text": "$1.15 billion (2014 est.) ++ $1.028 billion (2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$1.024 billion (2015 est.) ++ $1.131 billion (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Imports - commodities": {
|
||||
"text": "machinery, petroleum products, food, manufactured goods"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Reserves of foreign exchange and gold": {
|
||||
"text": "$218.9 million (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $193.1 million (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$209.5 million (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $221.5 million (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Debt - external": {
|
||||
"text": "$955.6 million (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $945.2 million (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$831.2 million (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $908.1 million (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Exchange rates": {
|
||||
"text": "nakfa (ERN) per US dollar - ++ 15.375 (2014 est.) ++ 15.375 (2013 est.) ++ 15.375 (2012 est.) ++ 15.375 (2011 est.) ++ 15.375 (2010 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "nakfa (ERN) per US dollar - ++ 15.375 (2015 est.) ++ 15.375 (2014 est.) ++ 15.375 (2013 est.) ++ 15.375 (2012 est.) ++ 15.375 (2011 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Energy": {
|
||||
"Electricity access": {
|
||||
"population without electricity": {
|
||||
"text": "4,300,000"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"electrification - total population": {
|
||||
"text": "32%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"electrification - urban areas": {
|
||||
"text": "86%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"electrification - rural areas": {
|
||||
"text": "17% (2013)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Electricity - production": {
|
||||
"text": "338 million kWh (2012 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -707,53 +727,58 @@
|
|||
"Communications": {
|
||||
"Telephones - fixed lines": {
|
||||
"total subscriptions": {
|
||||
"text": "64,000"
|
||||
"text": "66,000"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
|
||||
"text": "1 (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "1 (July 2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "417,400"
|
||||
"text": "475,000"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
|
||||
"text": "7 (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "7 (July 2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Telephone system": {
|
||||
"general assessment": {
|
||||
"text": "inadequate; most fixed-line telephones are in Asmara; government is seeking international tenders to improve the system; cell phones in increasing use throughout the country"
|
||||
"text": "woefully inadequate service provided by state-owned telecom monopoly; most fixed-line telephones are in Asmara; cell phone use only slowly increasing throughout the country"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"domestic": {
|
||||
"text": "combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular subscribership is less than 5 per 100 persons"
|
||||
"text": "combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular subscribership is less than 10 per 100 persons"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"international": {
|
||||
"text": "country code - 291 (2011)"
|
||||
"text": "country code - 291 (2015)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Broadcast media": {
|
||||
"text": "government controls broadcast media with private ownership prohibited; 1 state-owned TV station; state-owned radio operates 2 networks; purchases of satellite dishes and subscriptions to international broadcast media are permitted (2007)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Radio broadcast stations": {
|
||||
"text": "AM 2, FM NA, shortwave 2 (2000)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Television broadcast stations": {
|
||||
"text": "2 (2006)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Internet country code": {
|
||||
"text": ".er"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Internet users": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "58,100"
|
||||
"text": "71,000"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"percent of population": {
|
||||
"text": "0.91% (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "1.1% (July 2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Transportation": {
|
||||
"National air transport system": {
|
||||
"number of registered air carriers": {
|
||||
"text": "1"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers": {
|
||||
"text": "1 (2015)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Civil aircraft registration country code prefix": {
|
||||
"text": "E3 (2016)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Airports": {
|
||||
"text": "13 (2013)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -821,36 +846,12 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military": {
|
||||
"Military and Security": {
|
||||
"Military branches": {
|
||||
"text": "Eritrean Armed Forces: Eritrean Ground Forces, Eritrean Navy, Eritrean Air Force (includes Air Defense Force) (2011)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military service age and obligation": {
|
||||
"text": "18-40 years of age for male and female voluntary and compulsory military service; 16-month conscript service obligation (2012)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Manpower available for military service": {
|
||||
"males age 16-49": {
|
||||
"text": "1,350,446"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"females age 16-49": {
|
||||
"text": "1,362,575 (2010 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Manpower fit for military service": {
|
||||
"males age 16-49": {
|
||||
"text": "896,096"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"females age 16-49": {
|
||||
"text": "953,757 (2010 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually": {
|
||||
"male": {
|
||||
"text": "66,829"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"female": {
|
||||
"text": "66,731 (2010 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Transnational Issues": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -859,10 +860,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Trafficking in persons": {
|
||||
"current situation": {
|
||||
"text": "Eritrea is a source country for men, women, and children trafficked for the purposes of forced labor domestically and, to a lesser extent, sex and labor trafficking abroad; the country’s national service program is often abused to keep conscripts indefinitely and to force them to perform labor outside the scope of their duties; each year large numbers of migrants, often fleeing national service, depart Eritrea in search of work in Ethiopia, Sudan, Djibouti, and Yemen, where some are likely to become victims of forced labor; Eritrean children working in various economic sectors, including domestic service, workshops, and agriculture may be subjected to forced labor; some Eritrean refugees in Sudanese camps are held for ransom in the Sinai Peninsula, where they are forced to work and are abused"
|
||||
"text": "Eritrea is a source country for men, women, and children trafficked for the purposes of forced labor domestically and, to a lesser extent, sex and labor trafficking abroad; the country’s national service program is often abused, with conscripts detained indefinitely and subjected to forced labor; Eritrean migrants, often fleeing national service, face strict exit control procedures and limited access to passports and visas, making them vulnerable to trafficking; Eritrean secondary school children are required to take part in public works projects during their summer breaks and must attend military and educational camp in their final year to obtain a high school graduation certificate and to gain access to higher education and some jobs; some Eritreans living in or near refugee camps, particularly in Sudan, are kidnapped by criminal groups and held for ransom in the Sinai Peninsula and Libya, where they are subjected to forced labor and abuse"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"tier rating": {
|
||||
"text": "Tier 3 – Eritrea does not fully comply with the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking and is not making significant efforts to do so; the Eritrean Government does not operate with transparency and reported no data in 2013 regarding its efforts to combat human trafficking; no investigations, prosecutions, or convictions of any traffickers were reported, and few efforts were made to identify or to refer any victims to protective services; authorities largely lacked an understanding of human trafficking, conflating it with all forms of transnational migration; the government continued to warn its citizens of the dangers of human trafficking; Eritrea is not a party to the 2000 UN TIP Protocol (2014)"
|
||||
"text": "Tier 3 – Eritrea does not fully comply with the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking and is not making significant efforts to do so; the government failed to investigate or prosecute any trafficking offenses or to identify or protect any victims; while the government continued to warn citizens of the dangers of human trafficking through awareness-raising events and poster campaigns, authorities lacked an understanding of the crime, conflating trafficking with transnational migration; Eritrea is not a party to the 2000 UN TIP Protocol (2015)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Add table
Add a link
Reference in a new issue