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Gerald Bauer
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africa/by.json
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africa/by.json
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@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
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{
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"Introduction": {
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"Background": {
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"text": "Burundi's first democratically elected president was assassinated in October 1993 after only 100 days in office, triggering widespread ethnic violence between Hutu and Tutsi factions. More than 200,000 Burundians perished during the conflict that spanned almost a dozen years. Hundreds of thousands of Burundians were internally displaced or became refugees in neighboring countries. An internationally brokered power-sharing agreement between the Tutsi-dominated government and the Hutu rebels in 2003 paved the way for a transition process that integrated defense forces, and established a new constitution and elected a majority Hutu government in 2005. The government of President Pierre NKURUNZIZA, who was reelected in 2010 and 2015, continues to face many political and economic challenges."
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"text": "Burundi's first democratically elected president was assassinated in October 1993 after only 100 days in office, triggering widespread ethnic violence between Hutu and Tutsi factions. More than 200,000 Burundians perished during the conflict that spanned almost a dozen years. Hundreds of thousands of Burundians were internally displaced or became refugees in neighboring countries. An internationally brokered power-sharing agreement between the Tutsi-dominated government and the Hutu rebels in 2003 paved the way for a transition process that integrated defense forces, and established a new constitution and elected a majority Hutu government in 2005. The government of President Pierre NKURUNZIZA, who was reelected in 2010 and again in a disputed election in 2015, continues to face many political and economic challenges."
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}
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},
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"Geography": {
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@ -48,12 +48,12 @@
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"Terrain": {
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"text": "hilly and mountainous, dropping to a plateau in east, some plains"
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},
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"Elevation extremes": {
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"lowest point": {
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"text": "Lake Tanganyika 772 m"
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"Elevation": {
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"mean elevation": {
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"text": "1,504 m"
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},
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"highest point": {
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"text": "Heha 2,670 m"
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"elevation extremes": {
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"text": "lowest point: Lake Tanganyika 772 m ++ highest point: Heha 2,670 m"
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}
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},
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"Natural resources": {
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@ -71,18 +71,7 @@
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}
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},
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"Irrigated land": {
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"text": "214.3 sq km (2003)"
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},
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"Total renewable water resources": {
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"text": "12.54 cu km (2011)"
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},
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"Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural)": {
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"total": {
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"text": "0.29 cu km/yr (15%/5%/79%)"
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},
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"per capita": {
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"text": "43.27 cu m/yr (2005)"
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}
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"text": "230 sq km (2012)"
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},
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"Natural hazards": {
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"text": "flooding; landslides; drought"
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@ -103,6 +92,12 @@
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}
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},
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"People and Society": {
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"Population": {
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"text": "11,099,298",
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"note": {
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"text": "estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality, higher death rates, lower population growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2016 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Nationality": {
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"noun": {
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"text": "Burundian(s)"
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@ -120,30 +115,24 @@
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"Religions": {
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"text": "Catholic 62.1%, Protestant 23.9% (includes Adventist 2.3% and other Protestant 21.6%), Muslim 2.5%, other 3.6%, unspecified 7.9% (2008 est.)"
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},
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"Population": {
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"text": "10,742,276",
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"note": {
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"text": "estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality, higher death rates, lower population growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2015 est.)"
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}
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"Demographic profile": {
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"text": "Burundi is a densely populated country with a high population growth rate, factors that combined with land scarcity and poverty place a large share of its population at risk of food insecurity. About 90% of the population relies on subsistence agriculture. Subdivision of land to sons, and redistribution to returning refugees, results in smaller, overworked, and less productive plots. Food shortages, poverty, and a lack of clean water contribute to a 60% chronic malnutrition rate among children. A lack of reproductive health services has prevented a significant reduction in Burundi’s maternal mortality and fertility rates, which are both among the world’s highest. With two-thirds of its population under the age of 25 and a birth rate of about 6 children per woman, Burundi’s population will continue to expand rapidly for decades to come, putting additional strain on a poor country. Historically, migration flows into and out of Burundi have consisted overwhelmingly of refugees from violent conflicts. In the last decade, more than a half million Burundian refugees returned home from neighboring countries, mainly Tanzania. Reintegrating the returnees has been problematic due to their prolonged time in exile, land scarcity, poor infrastructure, poverty, and unemployment. Repatriates and existing residents (including internally displaced persons) compete for limited land and other resources. To further complicate matters, international aid organizations reduced their assistance because they no longer classified Burundi as a post-conflict country. Conditions have deteriorated since renewed violence erupted in April 2015, causing another outpouring of refugees. In addition to refugee out-migration, Burundi has hosted thousands of refugees from neighboring countries, mostly from the Democratic Republic of the Congo and lesser numbers from Rwanda."
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},
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"Age structure": {
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"0-14 years": {
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"text": "45.64% (male 2,464,695/female 2,437,923)"
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"text": "45.61% (male 2,545,895/female 2,516,480)"
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},
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"15-24 years": {
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"text": "19.23% (male 1,030,773/female 1,035,478)"
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"text": "19.17% (male 1,061,538/female 1,066,581)"
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},
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"25-54 years": {
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"text": "28.67% (male 1,536,089/female 1,543,356)"
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"text": "28.71% (male 1,589,506/female 1,597,081)"
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},
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"55-64 years": {
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"text": "3.94% (male 198,384/female 224,563)"
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"text": "3.94% (male 205,538/female 231,317)"
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},
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"65 years and over": {
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"text": "2.52% (male 115,187/female 155,828) (2015 est.)"
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},
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"population pyramid": {
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"text": null
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"text": "2.57% (male 121,935/female 163,427) (2016 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Dependency ratios": {
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@ -168,20 +157,20 @@
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"text": "16.8 years"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "17.2 years (2015 est.)"
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"text": "17.2 years (2016 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Population growth rate": {
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"text": "3.28% (2015 est.)"
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"text": "3.26% (2016 est.)"
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},
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"Birth rate": {
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"text": "42.01 births/1,000 population (2015 est.)"
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"text": "41.7 births/1,000 population (2016 est.)"
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},
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"Death rate": {
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"text": "9.27 deaths/1,000 population (2015 est.)"
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"text": "9 deaths/1,000 population (2016 est.)"
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},
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"Net migration rate": {
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"text": "0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2015 est.)"
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"text": "0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2016 est.)"
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},
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"Urbanization": {
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"urban population": {
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@ -208,13 +197,19 @@
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"text": "1 male(s)/female"
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},
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"55-64 years": {
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"text": "0.88 male(s)/female"
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"text": "0.89 male(s)/female"
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},
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"65 years and over": {
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"text": "0.74 male(s)/female"
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},
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"total population": {
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"text": "0.99 male(s)/female (2015 est.)"
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"text": "0.99 male(s)/female (2016 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Mother's mean age at first birth": {
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"text": "21.3",
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"note": {
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"text": "median age at first birth among women 25-29 (2010 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Maternal mortality rate": {
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@ -222,34 +217,34 @@
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},
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"Infant mortality rate": {
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"total": {
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"text": "61.89 deaths/1,000 live births"
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"text": "60.4 deaths/1,000 live births"
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},
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"male": {
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"text": "68.55 deaths/1,000 live births"
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"text": "66.9 deaths/1,000 live births"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "55.04 deaths/1,000 live births (2015 est.)"
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"text": "53.6 deaths/1,000 live births (2016 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Life expectancy at birth": {
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"total population": {
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"text": "60.09 years"
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"text": "60.5 years"
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},
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"male": {
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"text": "58.45 years"
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"text": "58.8 years"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "61.78 years (2015 est.)"
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"text": "62.3 years (2016 est.)"
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}
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},
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"Total fertility rate": {
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"text": "6.09 children born/woman (2015 est.)"
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"text": "6.04 children born/woman (2016 est.)"
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},
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"Contraceptive prevalence rate": {
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"text": "21.9% (2010/11)"
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},
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"Health expenditures": {
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"text": "8% of GDP (2013)"
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"text": "7.5% of GDP (2014)"
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},
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"Hospital bed density": {
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"text": "1.9 beds/1,000 population (2011)"
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@ -271,13 +266,13 @@
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}
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},
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"HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate": {
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"text": "1.11% (2014 est.)"
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"text": "1.04% (2015 est.)"
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},
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"HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS": {
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"text": "84,700 (2014 est.)"
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"text": "77,400 (2015 est.)"
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},
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"HIV/AIDS - deaths": {
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"text": "3,900 (2014 est.)"
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"text": "3,000 (2015 est.)"
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},
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"Major infectious diseases": {
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"degree of risk": {
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@ -293,7 +288,7 @@
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"text": "schistosomiasis"
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},
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"animal contact disease": {
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"text": "rabies (2013)"
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"text": "rabies (2016)"
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}
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},
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"Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
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@ -303,7 +298,7 @@
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"text": "29.1% (2011)"
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},
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"Education expenditures": {
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"text": "5.8% of GDP (2012)"
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"text": "5.4% of GDP (2013)"
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},
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"Literacy": {
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"definition": {
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@ -321,13 +316,13 @@
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},
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"School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
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"total": {
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"text": "10 years"
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"text": "11 years"
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},
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"male": {
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"text": "11 years"
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},
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"female": {
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"text": "10 years (2010)"
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"text": "10 years (2013)"
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}
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},
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"Child labor - children ages 5-14": {
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@ -355,10 +350,13 @@
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},
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"former": {
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"text": "Urundi"
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},
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"etymology": {
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"text": "name derived from the pre-colonial Kingdom of Burundi (17th-19th century)"
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}
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},
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"Government type": {
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"text": "republic"
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"text": "presidential republic"
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},
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"Capital": {
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"name": {
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@ -381,7 +379,7 @@
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"text": "Independence Day, 1 July (1962)"
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},
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"Constitution": {
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"text": "several previous; latest ratified by popular referendum 28 February 2005 (2015)"
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"text": "several previous; latest ratified by popular referendum 28 February 2005 (2016)"
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},
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"Legal system": {
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"text": "mixed legal system of Belgian civil law and customary law"
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@ -389,6 +387,20 @@
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"International law organization participation": {
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"text": "has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction"
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},
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"Citizenship": {
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"citizenship by birth": {
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"text": "no"
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},
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"citizenship by descent only": {
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"text": "the father must be a citizen of Burundi"
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},
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"dual citizenship recognized": {
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"text": "no"
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},
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"residency requirement for naturalization": {
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"text": "10 years"
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}
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},
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"Suffrage": {
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"text": "18 years of age; universal"
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},
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@ -411,28 +423,28 @@
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},
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"Legislative branch": {
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"description": {
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"text": "bicameral Parliament or Parlement consists of the Senate (37-54 seats; 34 members indirectly elected by an electoral college of provincial councils using a two-thirds majority vote, 3 seats reserved for Twas, 8 seats reserved for women, and 20 seats reserved for former heads of state; members serve 5-year terms) and the National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (118-121 seats; 100 members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote with a required ethnic mix of 60% Hutu and 40% Tutsi, and at least 30% women; 18-21 members are co-opted including 3 members representing the Twas; members serve 5-year terms)"
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"text": "bicameral Parliament or Parlement consists of the Senate or Inama Nkenguzamateka (49 seats in the July 2015 election; 34 members indirectly elected by an electoral college of provincial councils using a three-round voting system which requires a two-thirds majority vote in the first two rounds and a simple majority vote for the two leading candidates in the final round; 4 seats reserved for former heads of state, 3 seats reserved for Twas, and 8 seats for women; members serve 5-year terms) and the National Assembly or Inama Nshingamateka (121 seats in the June 2015 election; 100 members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote and 21 co-opted members – 3 Twas and 18 women; members serve 5-year terms)"
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},
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"elections": {
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"text": "Senate - last held on 24 July 2015 (next to be hld onin 2019); National Assembly - last held on 29 June 2015 (next to be held on NA 2020)"
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"text": "Senate - last held on 24 July 2015 (next to be held in 2019); National Assembly - last held on 29 June 2015 (next to be held on 2020)"
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},
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"election results": {
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"text": "Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - CBDD-FDD 30, UPRONA 2, FNL 1, and 4 seats reserved for heads of state, 3 seats for Twas, and 8 seats for women; National Assembly - percent of vote by party (preliminary results) - CNDD-FDD 60.3%, Burundians' Hope Independent 11.2% UPRONA 2.5%, other 26%; seats by party - CNDD-FDD 77, Burundians' Hope Independent 21, UPRONA 2, co-opted members 18, seats reserved for Twas 3"
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"text": "Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - CNDD-FDD 30, FRODEBU 3, CNDD 1, and 4 seats reserved for heads of state, 3 seats for Twas, and 8 seats for women; National Assembly - percent of vote by party (preliminary results) - CNDD-FDD 60.3%, Burundians' Hope Independent 11.2% UPRONA 2.5%, other 26%; seats by party - CNDD-FDD 77, Burundians' Hope Independent 21, UPRONA 2, seats for women 18, seats for Twas 3"
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}
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},
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"Judicial branch": {
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"highest court(s)": {
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"text": "Supreme Court (consists of 9 judges and organized into judicial, administrative, and cassation chambers)"
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"text": "Supreme Court (consists of 9 judges and organized into judicial, administrative, and cassation chambers); Constitutional Court (consists of 7 members)"
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},
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"judge selection and term of office": {
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"text": "judges nominated by the Judicial Service Commission, a 15-member independent body of judicial and legal profession officials); judges appointed by the president with the approval of the Senate; judge tenure NA"
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"text": "Supreme Court judges nominated by the Judicial Service Commission, a 15-member independent body of judicial and legal profession officials), appointed by the president, and confirmed by the Senate; judge tenure NA; Constitutional Court judges appointed by the president and confirmed by the Senate and serve 6-year nonrenewable terms"
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},
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"subordinate courts": {
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"text": "Courts of Appeal; County Courts; Courts of Residence"
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"text": "Courts of Appeal; County Courts; Courts of Residence; Martial Court; Court Against Corruption; Commercial Court"
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}
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},
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"Political parties and leaders": {
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"text": "Burundians' Hope Independent (also called Hope for Burundians) ++ Democratic Alliance for Change or ADC [Leonce NGENDAKUMANA] ++ National Council for the Defense of Democracy - Front for the Defense of Democracy or CNDD-FDD [Pascal NYABENDA] ++ National Liberation Forces or FNL [Agathon RWASA] ++ National Resistance Movement for the Rehabilitation of the Citizen or MRC-Rurenzangemero [Epitace BANYAGANAKANDI] ++ Party for National Redress or PARENA [Jean-Baptiste BAGAZA] ++ Union for National Progress (Union pour le Progress Nationale) or UPRONA [Pierre BUYOYA]"
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"text": "Burundians' Hope Independent (also called Hope for Burundians) ++ Front for Democracy in Burundi or FRODEBU [Leonce NGENDAKUMANA] ++ National Council for the Defense of Democracy - Front for the Defense of Democracy or CNDD-FDD [Pascal NYABENDA] ++ National Liberation Forces or FNL [Agathon RWASA] ++ National Council for the Defense of Democracy or CNDD [Leonard NYANGOMA] ++ National Resistance Movement for the Rehabilitation of the Citizen or MRC-Rurenzangemero [Epitace BANYAGANAKANDI] ++ Party for National Redress or PARENA [Jean-Baptiste BAGAZA] ++ Union for National Progress (Union pour le Progress Nationale) or UPRONA [Pierre BUYOYA]"
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},
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"Political pressure groups and leaders": {
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"text": "Forum for the Strengthening of Civil Society or FORSC [Pacifique NININAHAZWE] (civil society umbrella organization) ++ Observatoire de lutte contre la corruption et les malversations economiques or OLUCOME [Gabriel RUFYIRI] (anti-corruption pressure group)",
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@ -459,13 +471,13 @@
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},
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"Diplomatic representation from the US": {
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"chief of mission": {
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"text": "Ambassador Dawn M. LIBERI (since 10 July 2012)"
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"text": "Ambassador Anne S. CASPER (since 2016)"
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},
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"embassy": {
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"text": "Avenue des Etats-Unis, Bujumbura"
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"text": "Avenue Des Etats-Unis, Bujumbura"
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},
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"mailing address": {
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"text": "B. P. 1720, Bujumbura"
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"text": "B.P. 1720, Bujumbura"
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},
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"telephone": {
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"text": "[257] 22-207-000"
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@ -494,58 +506,58 @@
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},
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"Economy": {
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"Economy - overview": {
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"text": "Burundi is a landlocked, resource-poor country with an underdeveloped manufacturing sector. The economy is predominantly agricultural; agriculture accounts for just over 40% of GDP and employs more than 90% of the population. Burundi's primary exports are coffee and tea, which account for 90% of foreign exchange earnings, though exports are a relatively small share of GDP. Therefore, Burundi's export earnings - and its ability to pay for imports - rests primarily on weather conditions and international coffee and tea prices. An ethnic-based war that lasted until 2005 resulted in more than 200,000 deaths, forced more than 48,000 refugees into Tanzania, and displaced 140,000 others internally. Food, medicine, and electricity remain in short supply. Burundi's GDP grew around 4% annually in 2006-14. Political stability and the end of the civil war have improved aid flows and economic activity has increased, but underlying weaknesses - a high poverty rate, poor education rates, a weak legal system, a poor transportation network, overburdened utilities, and low administrative capacity - risk undermining planned economic reforms. Government corruption is hindering the development of a healthy private sector as companies have to deal with ever changing rules. The purchasing power of most Burundians has decreased as wage increases have not kept up with inflation. Burundi will remain heavily dependent on aid from bilateral and multilateral donors - foreign aid represents 42% of Burundi's national income, the second highest rate in Sub-Saharan Africa. Burundi joined the East African Community (EAC) in 2009, and regional infrastructure improvements driven by the EAC and funded by the World Bank may help improve Burundi’s transport connections and lower transportation costs."
|
||||
"text": "Burundi is a landlocked, resource-poor country with an underdeveloped manufacturing sector. Agriculture accounts for over 40% of GDP and employs more than 90% of the population. Burundi's primary exports are coffee and tea, which account for 90% of foreign exchange earnings. Thus, Burundi's export earnings - and its ability to pay for imports - rest primarily on weather conditions and international coffee and tea prices, although exports are a relatively small share of GDP. Burundi is heavily dependent on aid from bilateral and multilateral donors. Foreign aid in 2014 represented 42% of Burundi's national income, the second highest rate in Sub-Saharan Africa. Burundi joined the East African Community (EAC) in 2009. ++ ++ An ethnic war that ended in 2005 resulted in more than 200,000 deaths, forced more than 48,000 refugees into Tanzania, and displaced 140,000 others internally. Political stability, aid flows, and economic activity improved following the end of the civil war, but underlying weaknesses - a high poverty rate, poor education rates, a weak legal system, a poor transportation network, overburdened utilities, and low administrative capacity – have prevented the government from implementing planned economic reforms. Government corruption has also hindered the development of a private sector as companies have to deal with ever changing rules. The purchasing power of most Burundians has decreased as wage increases have not kept pace with inflation. ++ ++ In 2015, Burundi’s economy suffered from political turmoil over President NKURUNZIZA’s controversial third term. Blocked transportation routes disrupted the flow of agricultural goods. And donors withdrew aid, increasing Burundi’s budget deficit. When the unrest ends, regional infrastructure improvements driven by the EAC and funded by the World Bank may help improve Burundi’s transport connections and lower transportation costs."
|
||||
},
|
||||
"GDP (purchasing power parity)": {
|
||||
"text": "$8.409 billion (2014 est.) ++ $8.029 billion (2013 est.) ++ $7.685 billion (2012 est.)",
|
||||
"text": "$7.83 billion (2015 est.) ++ $8.153 billion (2014 est.) ++ $7.802 billion (2013 est.)",
|
||||
"note": {
|
||||
"text": "data are in 2014 US dollars"
|
||||
"text": "data are in 2015 US dollars"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"GDP (official exchange rate)": {
|
||||
"text": "$3.094 billion (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$2.867 billion (2015 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"GDP - real growth rate": {
|
||||
"text": "4.7% (2014 est.) ++ 4.5% (2013 est.) ++ 4% (2012 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "-4% (2015 est.) ++ 4.5% (2014 est.) ++ 5.9% (2013 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"GDP - per capita (PPP)": {
|
||||
"text": "$900 (2014 est.) ++ $900 (2013 est.) ++ $800 (2012 est.)",
|
||||
"text": "$800 (2015 est.) ++ $900 (2014 est.) ++ $900 (2013 est.)",
|
||||
"note": {
|
||||
"text": "data are in 2014 US dollars"
|
||||
"text": "data are in 2015 US dollars"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Gross national saving": {
|
||||
"text": "2.4% of GDP (2014 est.) ++ 1.6% of GDP (2013 est.) ++ 2.7% of GDP (2012 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "-4.9% of GDP (2015 est.) ++ -2.7% of GDP (2014 est.) ++ -4% of GDP (2013 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"GDP - composition, by end use": {
|
||||
"household consumption": {
|
||||
"text": "72.4%"
|
||||
"text": "82.3%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"government consumption": {
|
||||
"text": "21.7%"
|
||||
"text": "21.9%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"investment in fixed capital": {
|
||||
"text": "27.4%"
|
||||
"text": "21.7%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"investment in inventories": {
|
||||
"text": "-0.2%"
|
||||
"text": "0%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"exports of goods and services": {
|
||||
"text": "6.6%"
|
||||
"text": "7.1%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"imports of goods and services": {
|
||||
"text": "-27.9% ++ (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "-32.9% (2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"GDP - composition, by sector of origin": {
|
||||
"agriculture": {
|
||||
"text": "39.9%"
|
||||
"text": "42.9%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"industry": {
|
||||
"text": "18%"
|
||||
"text": "16.7%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"services": {
|
||||
"text": "42.1% (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "40.4% (2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Agriculture - products": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -555,10 +567,10 @@
|
|||
"text": "light consumer goods (blankets, shoes, soap, beer); assembly of imported components; public works construction; food processing"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Industrial production growth rate": {
|
||||
"text": "6% (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "-10.7% (2015 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Labor force": {
|
||||
"text": "4.806 million (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "5.119 million (2015 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Labor force - by occupation": {
|
||||
"agriculture": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -590,77 +602,91 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Budget": {
|
||||
"revenues": {
|
||||
"text": "$828 million"
|
||||
"text": "$741.6 million"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"expenditures": {
|
||||
"text": "$930 million (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$903.7 million (2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Taxes and other revenues": {
|
||||
"text": "26.8% of GDP (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "25.7% of GDP (2015 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)": {
|
||||
"text": "-3.3% of GDP (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "-5.6% of GDP (2015 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Public debt": {
|
||||
"text": "36.5% of GDP (2014 est.) ++ 36.9% of GDP (2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "39.8% of GDP (2015 est.) ++ 34.9% of GDP (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Fiscal year": {
|
||||
"text": "calendar year"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Inflation rate (consumer prices)": {
|
||||
"text": "4.4% (2014 est.) ++ 7.9% (2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "5.6% (2015 est.) ++ 4.4% (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Central bank discount rate": {
|
||||
"text": "11.25% (31 December 2010) ++ 10% (31 December 2009)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Commercial bank prime lending rate": {
|
||||
"text": "15.7% (31 December 2014 est.) ++ 15.15% (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "15.3% (31 December 2015 est.) ++ 15.67% (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Stock of narrow money": {
|
||||
"text": "$412.4 million (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $375.2 million (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$397.7 million (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $412.4 million (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Stock of broad money": {
|
||||
"text": "$568.6 million (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $521.6 million (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$594.6 million (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $568.6 million (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Stock of domestic credit": {
|
||||
"text": "$721.9 million (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $617.5 million (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$851.3 million (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $721.9 million (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Market value of publicly traded shares": {
|
||||
"text": "$NA"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Current account balance": {
|
||||
"text": "-$545 million (2014 est.) ++ -$500 million (2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "-$455 million (2015 est.) ++ -$544 million (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Exports": {
|
||||
"text": "$122.4 million (2014 est.) ++ $91.1 million (2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$119.6 million (2015 est.) ++ $130.1 million (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Exports - commodities": {
|
||||
"text": "coffee, tea, sugar, cotton, hides"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Exports - partners": {
|
||||
"text": "Pakistan 12.7%, Democratic Republic of the Congo 12.6%, Uganda 9.6%, Germany 6.5%, Belgium 5.9%, France 5.6%, Rwanda 5.4%, Sweden 5.1%, US 4.6%, China 4.3%, Sudan 4.2% (2014)"
|
||||
"text": "Germany 12.3%, Pakistan 10.7%, Democratic Republic of the Congo 10.7%, Uganda 8.1%, Sweden 7.8%, US 7.1%, Belgium 6.3%, Rwanda 4.6%, France 4.4% (2015)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Imports": {
|
||||
"text": "$923 million (2014 est.) ++ $843 million (2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$800.1 million (2015 est.) ++ $913 million (2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Imports - commodities": {
|
||||
"text": "capital goods, petroleum products, foodstuffs"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Imports - partners": {
|
||||
"text": "Saudi Arabia 12.9%, Kenya 11%, Belgium 10.4%, China 8.4%, Tanzania 7.9%, Uganda 6.9%, India 5% (2014)"
|
||||
"text": "Kenya 15%, Saudi Arabia 14%, Belgium 9.9%, Tanzania 8.3%, Uganda 7.3%, China 7.1%, India 4.9%, France 4% (2015)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Reserves of foreign exchange and gold": {
|
||||
"text": "$317.1 million (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $329.4 million (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$136.2 million (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $317.1 million (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Debt - external": {
|
||||
"text": "$700.8 million (31 December 2014 est.) ++ $682.7 million (31 December 2013 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "$684.1 million (31 December 2015 est.) ++ $690.2 million (31 December 2014 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Exchange rates": {
|
||||
"text": "Burundi francs (BIF) per US dollar - ++ 1,546.7 (2014 est.) ++ 1,546.7 (2013 est.) ++ 1,442.51 (2012 est.) ++ 1,261.07 (2011 est.) ++ 1,230.8 (2010 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "Burundi francs (BIF) per US dollar - ++ 1,571.9 (2015 est.) ++ 1,546.69 (2014 est.) ++ 1,546.7 (2013 est.) ++ 1,442.51 (2012 est.) ++ 1,261.07 (2011 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Energy": {
|
||||
"Electricity access": {
|
||||
"population without electricity": {
|
||||
"text": "9,700,000"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"electrification - total population": {
|
||||
"text": "5%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"electrification - urban areas": {
|
||||
"text": "28%"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"electrification - rural areas": {
|
||||
"text": "2% (2013)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Electricity - production": {
|
||||
"text": "202 million kWh (2012 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -734,18 +760,18 @@
|
|||
"Communications": {
|
||||
"Telephones - fixed lines": {
|
||||
"total subscriptions": {
|
||||
"text": "21,700"
|
||||
"text": "21,774"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
|
||||
"text": "less than 1 (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "less than 1 (July 2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Telephones - mobile cellular": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "3.2 million"
|
||||
"text": "4.998 million"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
|
||||
"text": "31 (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "47 (July 2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Telephone system": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -753,34 +779,31 @@
|
|||
"text": "sparse system of open-wire, radiotelephone communications, and low-capacity microwave radio relays"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"domestic": {
|
||||
"text": "telephone density one of the lowest in the world; fixed-line connections stand at well less than 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular usage is increasing but remains at roughly 20 per 100 persons"
|
||||
"text": "telephone density one of the lowest in the world; fixed-line connections stand at well less than 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular usage has increased to roughly 45 per 100 persons"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"international": {
|
||||
"text": "country code - 257; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) (2011)"
|
||||
"text": "country code - 257; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) (2015)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Broadcast media": {
|
||||
"text": "state-controlled La Radiodiffusion et Television Nationale de Burundi (RTNB) operates the lone TV station and the only national radio network; about 10 privately owned radio stations; transmissions of several international broadcasters are available in Bujumbura (2007)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Radio broadcast stations": {
|
||||
"text": "AM 0, FM 4, shortwave 1 (2001)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Television broadcast stations": {
|
||||
"text": "1 (2001)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Internet country code": {
|
||||
"text": ".bi"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Internet users": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "144,500"
|
||||
"text": "523,000"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"percent of population": {
|
||||
"text": "1.4% (2014 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "4.9% (July 2015 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Transportation": {
|
||||
"Civil aircraft registration country code prefix": {
|
||||
"text": "9U (2016)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Airports": {
|
||||
"text": "7 (2013)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -800,7 +823,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "4"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"under 914 m": {
|
||||
"text": " ++ 2 (2013)"
|
||||
"text": "2 (2013)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Heliports": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -826,37 +849,13 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military": {
|
||||
"Military and Security": {
|
||||
"Military branches": {
|
||||
"text": "National Defense Forces (Forces de Defense Nationale, FDN): Army (includes maritime wing, Air Wing), National Gendarmerie (2013)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military service age and obligation": {
|
||||
"text": "18 years of age for voluntary military service; the armed forces law of 31 December 2004 did not specify a minimum age for enlistment, but the government claimed that no one younger than 18 was being recruited; mandatory retirement age 45 (enlisted), 50 (NCOs), and 55 (officers) (2012)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Manpower available for military service": {
|
||||
"males age 16-49": {
|
||||
"text": "2,182,327"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"females age 16-49": {
|
||||
"text": "2,202,125 (2010 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Manpower fit for military service": {
|
||||
"males age 16-49": {
|
||||
"text": "1,398,769"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"females age 16-49": {
|
||||
"text": "1,481,417 (2010 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually": {
|
||||
"male": {
|
||||
"text": "117,956"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"female": {
|
||||
"text": "116,956 (2010 est.)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military expenditures": {
|
||||
"text": "2.39% of GDP (2012) ++ NA% (2011) ++ 2.39% of GDP (2010)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
@ -867,21 +866,21 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "53,977 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (2015)"
|
||||
"text": "54,932 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (2016)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"IDPs": {
|
||||
"text": "undetermined (some ethnic Tutsis remain displaced from intercommunal violence that broke out after the 1993 coup and fighting between government forces and rebel groups; violence since April 2015 has caused internal displacement, but exact figures are unknown because of insecurity and fear of reprisal attacks for self-identification as an IDP) (2015)"
|
||||
"text": "57,926 (some ethnic Tutsis remain displaced from intercommunal violence that broke out after the 1993 coup and fighting between government forces and rebel groups; violence since April 2015 has caused internal displacement, but exact figures are unknown because of insecurity and fear of reprisal attacks for self-identification as an IDP) (2016)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "1,302 (2014)"
|
||||
"text": "1,302 (2015)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Trafficking in persons": {
|
||||
"current situation": {
|
||||
"text": "Burundi is a source country for children and possibly women subjected to forced labor and sex trafficking; business people recruit Burundian girls for prostitution domestically, as well as in Rwanda, Kenya, Uganda, and the Middle East, and recruit boys and girls for forced labor in Burundi and Tanzania; children and young adults are coerced into forced labor in farming, mining, construction, informal commerce, or fishing; some family members, friends, and neighbors are complicit in exploiting children, luring them in with offers of educational or job opportunities"
|
||||
"text": "Burundi is a source country for children and possibly women subjected to forced labor and sex trafficking; business people recruit Burundian girls for prostitution domestically, as well as in Rwanda, Kenya, Uganda, and the Middle East, and recruit boys and girls for forced labor in Burundi and Tanzania; children and young adults are coerced into forced labor in farming, mining, informal commerce, fishing, or collecting river stones for construction; sometimes family, friends, and neighbors are complicit in exploiting children, at times luring them in with offers of educational or job opportunities"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"tier rating": {
|
||||
"text": "Tier 2 Watch List – Burundi does not comply fully with the minimum standards for the elimination of human trafficking; however, it is making significant efforts to do so; the government has a written plan that, if implemented, would constitute a significant effort toward meeting the minimum standards for eliminating human trafficking; in 2013, the government established a national coordinating body to oversee anti-trafficking efforts, completed a national action plan, and worked to finalize anti-trafficking legislation; law enforcement efforts remained modest, and investigations focused on transnational trafficking; most victim assistance continued to be provided by NGOs without government support; a system for identifying victims among vulnerable populations and referring victims to care providers was not finalized (2014)"
|
||||
"text": "Tier 3 – Burundi does not comply fully with the minimum standards for the elimination of human trafficking and is not making significant efforts to do so; corruption, a lack of political will, and limited resources continue to hamper efforts to combat human trafficking; in 2014, the government did not inform judicial and law enforcement officials of the enactment of an anti-trafficking law or how to implement it and approved – but did not fund – its national anti-trafficking action plan; authorities again failed to identify trafficking victims or to provide them with adequate protective services; the government has focused on transnational child trafficking but gave little attention to its domestic child trafficking problem and adult trafficking victims (2015)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Add table
Add a link
Reference in a new issue