mirror of
https://github.com/factbook/factbook.json.git
synced 2026-06-10 18:55:12 +02:00
auto-update week 7
This commit is contained in:
Yo Robot
parent
debe6de159
commit
c991632595
141 changed files with 319 additions and 308 deletions
|
|
@ -1159,7 +1159,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Roadways": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "76,000 km (2020)"
|
||||
"text": "76,000 km"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"paved": {
|
||||
"text": "13,680 km (2020)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Waterways": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1167,10 +1170,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "58 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "64 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 13, oil tanker 8, other 37"
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 13, oil tanker 8, other 43"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1159,10 +1159,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "7 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "6 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "other 7"
|
||||
"text": "other 6"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
|
|||
{
|
||||
"Introduction": {
|
||||
"Background": {
|
||||
"text": "<p>Chad emerged from a collection of powerful states that controlled the Sahelian belt starting around the 9th century. These states focused on controlling trans-Saharan trade routes and profited mostly from the slave trade. The Kanem-Bornu Empire, centered around the Lake Chad Basin, existed between the 9th and 19th centuries, and during its peak, the empire controlled territory stretching from southern Chad to southern Libya and included portions of modern-day Algeria, Cameroon, Nigeria, Niger, and Sudan. The Sudanese warlord Rabih AZ-ZUBAYR used an army comprised largely of slaves to conquer the Kanem-Bornu Empire in the late 19th century. In southeastern Chad, the Bagirmi and Ouaddai (Wadai) kingdoms emerged in the 15th and 16th centuries and lasted until the arrival of the French in the 19th and 20th centuries. France began moving into the region in the late 1880s and defeated the Bagirmi kingdom in 1897, Rabih AZ-ZUBAYR in 1900, and the Ouddai kingdom in 1909. In the arid regions of northern Chad and southern Libya, an Islamic order called the Sanusiyya (Sanusi) relied heavily on the trans-Saharan slave trade and had upwards of 3 million followers by the 1880s. The French arrived in the region in the early 1900s and defeated the Sanusiyya in 1910 after years of intermittent war. By 1910, France had incorporated the northern arid region, the Lake Chad Basin, and southeastern Chad into French Equatorial Africa. </p> <p>Chad achieved its independence in 1960 and saw three decades of instability, oppressive rule, civil war, and a Libyan invasion. With the help of the French military and several African countries, Chadian leaders expelled Libyan forces during the 1987 \"Toyota War,\" so named for the use of Toyota pickup trucks as fighting vehicles. In 1990, Chadian general Idriss DEBY led a rebellion against President Hissene HABRE. Under DEBY, Chad drafted and approved a constitution and held elections in 1996. DEBY led the country until April 2021 when he was killed during a rebel incursion. Shortly after his death, a group of military officials - led by former President DEBY’s son, Mahamat Idriss DEBY - took control of the government. The military officials dismissed the National Assembly, suspended the Constitution, and formed a Transitional Military Council while pledging to hold democratic elections in October 2022.</p> <p>Chad faces widespread poverty, an economy severely weakened by low international oil prices, and rebel and terrorist-led insurgencies in the Lake Chad Basin. Additionally, northern Chad has seen several waves of rebellions since 1998. In late 2015, the government imposed a state of emergency in the Lake Chad Basin following multiple attacks by the terrorist group Boko Haram, now known as ISIS-West Africa. In mid-2015, Boko Haram conducted bombings in N'Djamena. In late 2019, the Chadian government also declared a state of emergency in the Sila and Ouaddai regions bordering Sudan and in the Tibesti region bordering Niger where rival ethnic groups are still fighting. The army has suffered heavy losses to Islamic terror groups in the Lake Chad Basin. In March 2020, Islamic militants attacked a Chadian military camp in the Lake Chad Basin and killed nearly 100 soldiers; it was the deadliest attack in the history of the Chadian military.</p>"
|
||||
"text": "<p>Chad emerged from a collection of powerful states that controlled the Sahelian belt starting around the 9th century. These states focused on controlling trans-Saharan trade routes and profited mostly from the slave trade. The Kanem-Bornu Empire, centered around the Lake Chad Basin, existed between the 9th and 19th centuries, and during its peak, the empire controlled territory stretching from southern Chad to southern Libya and included portions of modern-day Algeria, Cameroon, Nigeria, Niger, and Sudan. The Sudanese warlord Rabih AZ-ZUBAYR used an army comprised largely of slaves to conquer the Kanem-Bornu Empire in the late 19th century. In southeastern Chad, the Bagirmi and Ouaddai (Wadai) kingdoms emerged in the 15th and 16th centuries and lasted until the arrival of the French in the 19th and 20th centuries. France began moving into the region in the late 1880s and defeated the Bagirmi kingdom in 1897, Rabih AZ-ZUBAYR in 1900, and the Ouddai kingdom in 1909. In the arid regions of northern Chad and southern Libya, an Islamic order called the Sanusiyya (Sanusi) relied heavily on the trans-Saharan slave trade and had upwards of 3 million followers by the 1880s. The French arrived in the region in the early 1900s and defeated the Sanusiyya in 1910 after years of intermittent war. By 1910, France had incorporated the northern arid region, the Lake Chad Basin, and southeastern Chad into French Equatorial Africa. </p> <p>Chad achieved its independence in 1960 and saw three decades of instability, oppressive rule, civil war, and a Libyan invasion. With the help of the French military and several African countries, Chadian leaders expelled Libyan forces during the 1987 \"Toyota War,\" so named for the use of Toyota pickup trucks as fighting vehicles. In 1990, Chadian general Idriss DEBY led a rebellion against President Hissene HABRE. Under DEBY, Chad drafted and approved a constitution and held elections in 1996. DEBY led the country until April 2021 when he was killed during a rebel incursion. Shortly after his death, a group of military officials - led by former President DEBY’s son, Mahamat Idriss DEBY - took control of the government. The military officials dismissed the National Assembly, suspended the Constitution, and formed a Transitional Military Council (TMC) while pledging to hold democratic elections by October 2022. A national dialogue in August-October 2022 culminated in decisions to extend the transition for up to two years, dissolve the TMC, and appoint Mahamat DEBY as Transitional President; The transitional authorities held a constitutional referendum in December 2023 and claimed 86 percent of votes were in favor of the new constitution. The transitional authorities announced plans to hold elections by October 2024.</p> <p>Chad has faced widespread poverty, an economy severely weakened by volatile international oil prices, terrorist-led insurgencies in the Lake Chad Basin, and several waves of rebellions in northern and eastern Chad. In late 2015, the government imposed a state of emergency in the Lake Chad Basin following multiple attacks by the terrorist group Boko Haram, now known as ISIS-West Africa. In mid-2015, Boko Haram conducted bombings in N'Djamena. In late 2019, the Chadian government also declared a state of emergency in the Sila and Ouaddai regions bordering Sudan and in the Tibesti region bordering Niger where rival ethnic groups are still fighting. The army has suffered heavy losses to Islamic terror groups in the Lake Chad Basin. </p>"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Geography": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -570,19 +570,19 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Executive branch": {
|
||||
"chief of state": {
|
||||
"text": "Interim President Mahamat Idriss DEBY (since 20 April 2021); note - on 20 April 2021, newly reelected President Idriss DEBY Itno, Lt. Gen., died of injuries sustained following clashes between government forces he was commanding and insurgents in the northern part of the country; following his death, Mahamat Idriss DEBY took control of the country and dismissed the Chadian parliament, establishing a Transitional Military Council and promising elections within 18 months, but later postponed elections until 31 October 2024"
|
||||
"text": "Transitional President Mahamat Idriss DEBY (since 20 April 2021); note - on 20 April 2021, newly reelected President Idriss DEBY Itno, Lt. Gen., died of injuries sustained following clashes between government forces he was commanding and insurgents in the northern part of the country; following his death, Mahamat Idriss DEBY took control of the country and dismissed the Chadian parliament, establishing a Transitional Military Council (TMC) and promising elections within 18 months; the transition was extended for 24 months and the TMC was dissolved in October 2022, postponing elections until 31 October 2024"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"head of government": {
|
||||
"text": "Interim Prime Minister Succès MASRA (since 1 January 2024)"
|
||||
"text": "Prime Minister Succès MASRA (since 1 January 2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"cabinet": {
|
||||
"text": "Council of Ministers"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"elections/appointments": {
|
||||
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (no term limits); election last held on 11 April 2021; note - on 20 April 2021, military officials suspended the constitution and formed a Transitional Military Council, pledging to hold democratic elections in October 2022, but have since delayed elections until 31 October 2024"
|
||||
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (no term limits); election last held on 11 April 2021; note - on 20 April 2021, military officials suspended the constitution and formed a Transitional Military Council, pledging to hold democratic elections by October 2022 but have since delayed elections until 31 October 2024"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "<em><br>2021</em>: Lt. Gen. Idriss DEBY Itno reelected; percent of vote - Lt. Gen. Idriss DEBY (MPS) 79.3%, Pahimi PADACKET Albert (RNDT) 10.3%, Lydie BEASSEMDA (Party for Democracy and Independence) 3.2%, other 7.2%<br><em><br>2016</em>: Lt. Gen. Idriss DEBY Itno reelected president in first round; percent of vote - Lt. Gen. Idriss DEBY (MPS) 61.6%, Saleh KEBZABO (UNDR) 12.8%, Laokein Kourayo MEDAR (CTPD) 10.7%, Djimrangar DADNADJI (CAP-SUR) 5.1%, other 9.8%"
|
||||
"text": "<em><br>2021</em>: Lt. Gen. Idriss DEBY Itno reelected transitional president; percent of vote - Lt. Gen. Idriss DEBY (MPS) 79.3%, Pahimi PADACKET Albert (RNDT) 10.3%, Lydie BEASSEMDA (Party for Democracy and Independence) 3.2%, other 7.2%<br><em><br>2016</em>: Lt. Gen. Idriss DEBY Itno reelected president in first round; percent of vote - Lt. Gen. Idriss DEBY (MPS) 61.6%, Saleh KEBZABO (UNDR) 12.8%, Laokein Kourayo MEDAR (CTPD) 10.7%, Djimrangar DADNADJI (CAP-SUR) 5.1%, other 9.8%"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Legislative branch": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -609,7 +609,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Political parties and leaders": {
|
||||
"text": "Chadian Convention for Peace and Development or CTPD [Laoukein Kourayo MEDARD]<br>Federation Action for the Republic or FAR [Ngarledjy YORONGAR]<br>National Rally for Development and Progress or Viva-RNDP [Dr. Nouradine Delwa Kassire COUMAKOYE]<br>National Union for Democracy and Renewal or UNDR [Saleh KEBZABO]<br>Party for Unity and Reconstruction or PUR<br>Patriotic Salvation Movement or MPS [formerly Idriss DEBY] <br>Rally for Democracy and Progress or RDP [Mahamat Allahou TAHER]<br>Rally of Chadian Nationalists/Awakening or RNDT/Le Reveil [Albert Pahimi PADACKE]<br>Social Democratic Party for a Change-over of Power or PDSA [Malloum YOBODA]<br>Union for Democracy and the Republic or UDR<br>Union for Renewal and Democracy or URD [Felix Romadoumngar NIALBE]<br> <br><strong>note 1:</strong> 19 additional parties each contributed one member<strong><br>note 2:</strong> only parties with at least two seats in the last elected National Assembly (February 2011) included",
|
||||
"text": "Chadian Convention for Peace and Development or CTPD [Laoukein Kourayo MEDARD]<br>Federation Action for the Republic or FAR [Ngarledjy YORONGAR]<br>National Rally for Development and Progress or Viva-RNDP [Dr. Nouradine Delwa Kassire COUMAKOYE]<br>National Union for Democracy and Renewal or UNDR [Saleh KEBZABO]<br>Party for Unity and Reconstruction or PUR<br>Patriotic Salvation Movement or MPS [formerly Idriss DEBY] <br>Rally for Democracy and Progress or RDP [Mahamat Allahou TAHER]<br>Rally of Chadian Nationalists/Awakening or RNDT/Le Reveil [Albert Pahimi PADACKE]<br>Social Democratic Party for a Change-over of Power or PDSA [Malloum YOBODA]<br>Union for Democracy and the Republic or UDR<br>Union for Renewal and Democracy or URD [Felix Romadoumngar NIALBE]<br>Transformers [Succès MASRA]<br> <br><strong>note 1:</strong> 19 additional parties each contributed one member<strong><br>note 2:</strong> only parties with at least two seats in the last elected National Assembly (February 2011) included",
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> on 5 October 2021, Interim President Mahamat Idriss DEBY appointed 93 members to the interim National Transitional Council (NTC); 30% of the NTC members were retained from parties previously represented in the National Assembly"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"International organization participation": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1181,7 +1181,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "418,187 (Sudan) (includes refugees since 15 April 2023), 130,044 (Central African Republic), 26,692 (Cameroon), 21,381 (Nigeria) (2023)"
|
||||
"text": "418,187 (Sudan) (includes refugees since 15 April 2023), 26,692 (Cameroon) (2023); 133,495 (Central African Republic), 21,380 (Nigeria) (2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"IDPs": {
|
||||
"text": "215,918 (majority are in the east) (2023)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1181,10 +1181,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "11 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "11 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 1, oil tanker 1, other 9"
|
||||
"text": "oil tanker 1, other 10"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1207,10 +1207,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "23 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "24 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 5, oil tanker 2, other 16"
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 5, oil tanker 2, other 17"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1205,10 +1205,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "121 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "198 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 2, general cargo 45, oil tanker 33, other 41"
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 2, general cargo 91, oil tanker 42, other 63"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1052,10 +1052,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "248 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "273 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 10, container ship 6, general cargo 108, oil tanker 38, other 86"
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 17, container ship 7, general cargo 125, oil tanker 36, other 88"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1092,10 +1092,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "47 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "44 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 16, oil tanker 3, other 28"
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 14, oil tanker 2, other 28"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1102,10 +1102,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "42 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "40 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 1, container ship 1, general cargo 4, oil tanker 15, other 21"
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 1, container ship 1, general cargo 4, oil tanker 13, other 21"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1222,10 +1222,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "436 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "441 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 15, container ship 6, general cargo 27, oil tanker 41, other 347"
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 14, container ship 6, general cargo 23, oil tanker 42, other 356"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1060,10 +1060,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "46 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "53 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 1, general cargo 12, oil tanker 7, other 26"
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 1, general cargo 16, oil tanker 7, other 29"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1077,7 +1077,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Military and Security": {
|
||||
"Military and security forces": {
|
||||
"text": "Equatorial Guinea Armed Forces (Fuerzas Armadas de Guinea Ecuatorial, FAGE): Equatorial Guinea National Guard (Guardia Nacional de Guinea Ecuatorial, GNGE (Army)), Navy, Air Force; Gendarmerie (Guardia Civil) (2023)",
|
||||
"text": "Equatorial Guinea Armed Forces (Fuerzas Armadas de Guinea Ecuatorial, FAGE): Equatorial Guinea National Guard (Guardia Nacional de Guinea Ecuatorial, GNGE (Army)), Navy, Air Force; Gendarmerie (Guardia Civil) (2024)",
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> police report to the Ministry of National Security, while gendarmes report to the Ministry of National Defense; police generally are responsible for maintaining law and order in the cities, while gendarmes are responsible for security outside cities and for special events; military personnel also fulfill some police functions in border areas, sensitive sites, and high-traffic areas"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military expenditures": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
|
|||
{
|
||||
"Introduction": {
|
||||
"Background": {
|
||||
"text": "<p>After independence from Italian colonial control in 1941 and 10 years of British administrative control, the UN established Eritrea as an autonomous region within the Ethiopian federation in 1952. Ethiopia's full annexation of Eritrea as a province 10 years later sparked a violent 30-year conflict for independence that ended in 1991 with Eritrean fighters defeating government forces. Eritreans overwhelmingly approved independence in a 1993 referendum. ISAIAS Afwerki has been Eritrea's only president since independence; his rule, particularly since 2001, has been characterized by highly autocratic and repressive actions. His government has created a highly militarized society by instituting an unpopular program of mandatory conscription into national service – divided between military and civilian service – of indefinite length. A two-and-a-half-year border war with Ethiopia that erupted in 1998 ended under UN auspices in December 2000. A subsequent 2007 Eritrea-Ethiopia Boundary Commission (EEBC) demarcation was rejected by Ethiopia. More than a decade of a tense “no peace, no war” stalemate ended in 2018 after the newly elected Ethiopian prime minister accepted the EEBC’s 2007 ruling, and the two countries signed declarations of peace and friendship. Following the July 2018 peace agreement with Ethiopia, Eritrean leaders engaged in intensive diplomacy around the Horn of Africa, bolstering regional peace, security, and cooperation, as well as brokering rapprochements between governments and opposition groups. In November 2018, the UN Security Council lifted an arms embargo that had been imposed on Eritrea since 2009, after the UN Somalia-Eritrea Monitoring Group reported they had not found evidence of Eritrean support in recent years for al-Shabaab. The country’s rapprochement with Ethiopia led to a resumption of economic ties, with increased air transport, trade, tourism, and port activities, until late 2020, but the economy remains agriculture-dependent, and Eritrea is still one of Africa’s poorest nations. Eritrea faced new international condemnation and US sanctions in mid-2021 for its participation in the war in Ethiopia’s Tigray Regional State, where Eritrean forces were found to have committed war crimes and crimes against humanity. As most Eritrean troops were departing northern Ethiopia in January 2023, ISAIAS began a series of diplomatic engagements aimed at bolstering Eritrea’s foreign partnerships and regional influence. Despite the country's improved relations with its neighbors, ISAIAS has not let up on repression and conscription and militarization continue.</p>"
|
||||
"text": "<p>After independence from Italian colonial control in 1941 and 10 years of British administrative control, the UN established Eritrea as an autonomous region within the Ethiopian federation in 1952. Ethiopia's full annexation of Eritrea as a province 10 years later sparked a violent 30-year conflict for independence that ended in 1991 with Eritrean fighters defeating government forces. Eritreans overwhelmingly approved independence in a 1993 referendum. ISAIAS Afwerki has been Eritrea's only president since independence; his rule, particularly since 2001, has been characterized by highly autocratic and repressive actions. His government has created a highly militarized society by instituting an unpopular program of mandatory conscription into national service – divided between military and civilian service – of indefinite length. A two-and-a-half-year border war with Ethiopia that erupted in 1998 ended under UN auspices in December 2000. A subsequent 2007 Eritrea-Ethiopia Boundary Commission (EEBC) demarcation was rejected by Ethiopia. More than a decade of a tense “no peace, no war” stalemate ended in 2018 after the newly elected Ethiopian prime minister accepted the EEBC’s 2007 ruling, and the two countries signed declarations of peace and friendship. Following the July 2018 peace agreement with Ethiopia, Eritrean leaders engaged in intensive diplomacy around the Horn of Africa, bolstering regional peace, security, and cooperation, as well as brokering rapprochements between governments and opposition groups. In November 2018, the UN Security Council lifted an arms embargo that had been imposed on Eritrea since 2009, after the UN Somalia-Eritrea Monitoring Group reported they had not found evidence of Eritrean support in recent years for al-Shabaab. The country’s rapprochement with Ethiopia led to a resumption of economic ties, but the level of air transport, trade, and tourism have remained roughly the same since late 2020. The Eritrean economy remains agriculture-dependent, and the country is still one of Africa’s poorest nations. Eritrea faced new international condemnation and US sanctions in mid-2021 for its participation in the war in Ethiopia’s Tigray Regional State, where Eritrean forces were found to have committed war crimes and crimes against humanity. As most Eritrean troops were departing northern Ethiopia in January 2023, ISAIAS began a series of diplomatic engagements aimed at bolstering Eritrea’s foreign partnerships and regional influence. Despite the country's improved relations with its neighbors, ISAIAS has not let up on repression and conscription and militarization continue.</p>"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Geography": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1090,7 +1090,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "9 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "9 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 4, oil tanker 1, other 4"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1200,12 +1200,12 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Roadways": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "120,171 km (2018)"
|
||||
"text": "180,000 km (2023)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "12 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "12 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 10, oil tanker 2"
|
||||
|
|
@ -1250,7 +1250,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "approximately 5-8,000 in Somalia (up to 4,000 for ATMIS; the remainder under a bilateral agreement with the Somali Government; note - foreign troop contingents in Somalia under ATMIS are drawing down towards a final withdrawal in December 2024); 1,450 South Sudan (UNMISS) (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military - note": {
|
||||
"text": "the ENDF has traditionally been one of sub-Saharan Africa’s largest, most experienced, and best equipped militaries, but it suffered heavy casualties and equipment losses during the 2020-2022 Tigray conflict; the Ground Forces are estimated to have more than 20 infantry divisions, including several that are mechanized, along with at least one division of commandos/special forces; the Air Force has combat squadrons of multipurpose fighter aircraft, attack helicopters, and armed unmanned aerial vehicles; ENDF operations are often supported by sizeable regional state paramilitary units <br><br>the ENDF is focused on both external threats emanating from its neighbors and internal threats from multiple internal armed groups; since 1998, the ENDF has engaged in several conventional and counterinsurgency operations, including border wars with Eritrea (1998-2000) and Somalia (2006-2008) and internal conflicts with the Tigray regional state (2020-2022), several insurgent groups and ethnic militias (including the ethnonationalist Amhara Fano), and the al-Shabaab terrorist group (see Appendix T); the ENDF is currently conducting counterinsurgency operations against anti-government militants in several states, including in Oromya (Oromia) against the Oromo Liberation Army (OLA), an insurgent group that claims to be fighting for greater autonomy for the Oromo, Ethiopia's largest ethnic group; in 2022, militants from the Somalia-based al-Shabaab terrorist group launched an incursion into Ethiopia's Somali (Sumale) regional state, attacking villages and security forces; the Ethiopian Government claimed that regional security forces killed hundreds of al-Shabaab fighters and subsequently deployed additional ENDF troops into Somalia’s Gedo region to prevent further incursions (2023)"
|
||||
"text": "the ENDF has traditionally been one of sub-Saharan Africa’s largest, most experienced, and best equipped militaries, but it suffered heavy casualties and equipment losses during the 2020-2022 Tigray conflict; the Ground Forces are estimated to have more than 20 infantry divisions, including several that are mechanized, along with at least one division of commandos/special forces; the Air Force has combat squadrons of multipurpose fighter aircraft, attack helicopters, and armed unmanned aerial vehicles; ENDF operations are often supported by sizeable regional state paramilitary units <br><br>the ENDF is focused on both external threats emanating from its neighbors and internal threats from multiple internal armed groups; since 1998, the ENDF has engaged in several conventional and counterinsurgency operations, including border wars with Eritrea (1998-2000) and Somalia (2006-2008) and internal conflicts with the Tigray regional state (2020-2022), several insurgent groups and ethnic militias (including the ethnonationalist Amhara Fano), and the al-Shabaab terrorist group (see Appendix T); as of late 2023, the ENDF was conducting counterinsurgency operations against anti-government militants in several states, including in Oromya (Oromia) against the Oromo Liberation Army (OLA), an insurgent group that claims to be fighting for greater autonomy for the Oromo, Ethiopia's largest ethnic group; in 2022, militants from the Somalia-based al-Shabaab terrorist group launched an incursion into Ethiopia's Somali (Sumale) regional state, attacking villages and security forces; the Ethiopian Government claimed that regional security forces killed hundreds of al-Shabaab fighters and subsequently deployed additional ENDF troops into Somalia’s Gedo region to prevent further incursions (2023)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Space": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1274,7 +1274,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "419,304 (South Sudan), 311,512 (Somalia), 167,391 (Eritrea), 25,463 (Sudan) (refugees since 15 April 2023) (2023)"
|
||||
"text": "167,391 (Eritrea), 25,463 (Sudan) (refugees since 15 April 2023) (2023); 419,919 (South Sudan), 314,188 (Somalia) (2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"IDPs": {
|
||||
"text": "4.385 million (includes conflict- and climate-induced IDPs, excluding unverified estimates from the Amhara region; border war with Eritrea from 1998-2000; ethnic clashes; and ongoing fighting between the Ethiopian military and separatist rebel groups in the Somali and Oromia regions; natural disasters; intercommunal violence; most IDPs live in Sumale state) (2023)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1122,10 +1122,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "9 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "15 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 1, other 8"
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 5, other 10"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -122,13 +122,13 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ethnic groups": {
|
||||
"text": "Gabonese-born 80.1% (includes Fang 23.2%, Shira-Punu/Vili 18.9%, Nzabi-Duma 11.3%, Mbede-Teke 6.9%, Myene 5%, Kota-Kele 4.9%, Okande-Tsogo 2.1%, Pygmy 0.3%, other 7.5%), Cameroonian 4.6%, Malian 2.4%, Beninese 2.1%, acquired Gabonese nationality 1.6%, Togolese 1.6%, Senegalese 1.1%, Congolese (Brazzaville) 1%, other 5.5% (includes Congolese (Kinshasa), Equatorial Guinean, Nigerian) (2012 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "Fang 23.5%, Shira-Punu'Vii 20.6%, Nzabi-Duma 11.2%, Mbede-Teke 5.6%, Myene 4.4%, Kota-Kele 4.3%, Okande-Tsogho 1.6%, other 12.6%, foreigner 16.2% (2021 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Languages": {
|
||||
"text": "French (official), Fang, Myene, Nzebi, Bapounou/Eschira, Bandjabi"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Religions": {
|
||||
"text": "Roman Catholic 42.3%, Protestant 12.3%, other Christian 27.4%, Muslim 9.8%, animist 0.6%, other 0.5%, none/no answer 7.1% (2012 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "Protestant 46.4% (Revival Church 37%, other Protestant 9.4%), Roman Catholic 29.8%, other Christian 4%, Muslim 10.8%, traditional/animist 1.1%, other 0.9%, none 7% (2019-21 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Demographic profile": {
|
||||
"text": "<p>Gabon’s oil revenues have given it one of the highest per capita income levels in Sub-Saharan Africa, but the wealth is not evenly distributed and poverty is widespread. Unemployment is especially prevalent among the large youth population; more than 60% of the population is under the age of 25 as of 2020. With a fertility rate still averaging more than 3 children per woman, the youth population will continue to grow and further strain the mismatch between Gabon’s supply of jobs and the skills of its labor force.</p> <p>Gabon has been a magnet to migrants from neighboring countries since the 1960s because of the discovery of oil, as well as the country’s political stability and timber, mineral, and natural gas resources. Nonetheless, income inequality and high unemployment have created slums in Libreville full of migrant workers from Senegal, Nigeria, Cameroon, Benin, Togo, and elsewhere in West Africa. In 2011, Gabon declared an end to refugee status for 9,500 remaining Congolese nationals to whom it had granted asylum during the Republic of the Congo’s civil war between 1997 and 2003. About 5,400 of these refugees received permits to reside in Gabon.</p>"
|
||||
|
|
@ -1120,10 +1120,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "71 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "87 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 2, general cargo 19, oil tanker 20, other 30"
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 1, general cargo 19, oil tanker 30, other 37"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1137,7 +1137,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Military and Security": {
|
||||
"Military and security forces": {
|
||||
"text": "Gabonese Armed Forces (Force Armées Gabonaise or FAG; aka Gabonese Defense and Security Forces): Land Forces (Army), National Navy, Air Force, National Gendarmerie (includes Coast Guard), Corps of Firemen; Republican Guard (2023)",
|
||||
"text": "Gabonese Armed Forces (Force Armées Gabonaise or FAG; aka Gabonese Defense and Security Forces): Land Forces (Army), National Navy, Air Force, National Gendarmerie (includes Coast Guard), Corps of Firemen; Republican Guard (2024)",
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>the National Police Forces, under the Ministry of Interior, and the National Gendarmerie, under the Ministry of Defense, are responsible for law enforcement and public security; elements of the armed forces and the Republican Guard, an elite unit that protects the president under his direct authority, sometimes perform internal security functions"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military expenditures": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1176,10 +1176,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "52 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "52 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 7, oil tanker 3, other 42"
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 8, oil tanker 3, other 41"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1142,10 +1142,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "3 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "23 (2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 1, other 2"
|
||||
"text": "other 2"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1192,7 +1192,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "25 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "25 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "oil tanker 2, other 23"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1189,10 +1189,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "25 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "26 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "oil tanker 3, other 22"
|
||||
"text": "oil tanker 4, other 22"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1108,10 +1108,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "4,311 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "4,821 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 1,673, container ship 962, general cargo 141, oil tanker 907, other 628"
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 1,895, container ship 1,013, general cargo 170, oil tanker 1,038, other 705"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1071,10 +1071,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "94 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "96 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 2, oil tanker 12, other 80"
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 2, oil tanker 13, other 81"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -566,7 +566,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 16 November 2023 (next to be held in November 2028); prime minister nominated by the National Assembly, appointed by the president"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "<em><br>2023</em>: Andry RAJOELINA elected president in first round; percent of vote - Andry RAJOELINA (TGV) 59.0%, Siteny Thierry RANDRIANASOLONIAIKO 14.3%, Marc RAVALOMANANA (TIM) 12.1%<br><em><br>2018</em>: Andry RAJOELINA elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Andry RAJOELINA (TGV) 39.2%, Marc RAVALOMANANA (TIM) 35.4%, other 25.4%; percent of vote in second round - Andry RAJOELINA 55.7%, Marc RAVALOMANANA 44.3%"
|
||||
"text": "<em><br>2023</em>: Andry RAJOELINA reelected president in first round; percent of vote - Andry RAJOELINA (TGV) 59.0%, Siteny Thierry RANDRIANASOLONIAIKO 14.3%, Marc RAVALOMANANA (TIM) 12.1%<br><em><br>2018</em>: Andry RAJOELINA elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Andry RAJOELINA (TGV) 39.2%, Marc RAVALOMANANA (TIM) 35.4%, other 25.4%; percent of vote in second round - Andry RAJOELINA 55.7%, Marc RAVALOMANANA 44.3%"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Legislative branch": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1141,10 +1141,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "28 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "29 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 15, oil tanker 2, other 11"
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 16, oil tanker 2, other 11"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1110,7 +1110,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Military and Security": {
|
||||
"Military and security forces": {
|
||||
"text": "no regular military forces; the Mauritius Police Force (MPF) under the Ministry of Defense includes a paramilitary unit known as the Special Mobile Force, which includes some motorized infantry and light armored units; the MPF also has a Police Helicopter Squadron, a Special Support Unit (riot police), and the National Coast Guard (also includes an air squadron) (2023)",
|
||||
"text": "no regular military forces; the Mauritius Police Force (MPF) under the Ministry of Defense includes a paramilitary unit known as the Special Mobile Force, which includes some motorized infantry and light armored units; the MPF also has a Police Helicopter Squadron, a Special Support Unit (riot police), and the National Coast Guard (also includes an air squadron) (2024)",
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note: </strong>the MPF is responsible for law enforcement and maintenance of order within the country; a police commissioner heads the force and has authority over all police and other security forces, including the Coast Guard and Special Mobile Forces; the Special Mobile Forces share responsibility with police for internal security"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
|
|||
{
|
||||
"Introduction": {
|
||||
"Background": {
|
||||
"text": "<p>Present-day Niger originated from the nomadic peoples of the Saharan north and the agriculturalists of the south. The Taureg kingdom of Takedda was one of the largest kingdoms in the north and played a prominent role in regional trade in the 14th century. In the south, the primary ethnic groups were the Songhai-Zarma in the west, the Hausa in the center, and the Kanuri in the east. When European colonizers arrived in the 19th century, the region was an assemblage of disparate local kingdoms.</p> <p>In the late 19th century, the British and French agreed to partition the middle regions of the Niger River, and France began its conquest of what would become the colony of Niger. France experienced determined local resistance - particularly during the Tuareg uprising (1916-1917) - but established a colonial administration in 1922.</p> <p>After achieving independence from France in 1960, Niger experienced single-party or military rule until 1991 when political pressure forced General Ali SAIBOU to allow multiparty elections. Political infighting and democratic backsliding led to coups in 1996 and 1999. In December of that year, military officers restored democratic rule and held elections that brought Mamadou TANDJA to power. TANDJA was reelected in 2004 and spearheaded a 2009 constitutional amendment allowing him to extend his presidential term. In February 2010, military officers led another coup that deposed TANDJA. ISSOUFOU Mahamadou was elected in April 2011 and reelected in early 2016. In February 2021, BAZOUM Mohammed won the presidential election, marking Niger’s first transition from one democratically elected president to another. Nonetheless, a military junta once again seized power in a late-July 2023 coup, detaining President BAZOUM, and announcing the creation of a National Council for the Safeguarding of the Homeland (CNSP), headed by coup-leader General Abdourahamane Tiani.<br><br>Niger is one of the poorest countries in the world with minimal government services and insufficient funds to develop its resource base. It is ranked last in the world on the UN Development Program's Human Development Index. The largely agrarian and subsistence-based economy is frequently disrupted by extended droughts common to the Sahel region of Africa. The Nigerien Government continues its attempts to diversify the economy through increased oil production and mining projects. In addition, Niger is facing increased security concerns on its borders from various external threats including insecurity in Libya, spillover from the conflict and terrorism in Mali, and violent extremism in northeastern Nigeria.</p>"
|
||||
"text": "<p>Present-day Niger originated from the nomadic peoples of the Saharan north and the agriculturalists of the south. The Taureg kingdom of Takedda was one of the largest kingdoms in the north and played a prominent role in regional trade in the 14th century. In the south, the primary ethnic groups were the Songhai-Zarma in the west, the Hausa in the center, and the Kanuri in the east. When European colonizers arrived in the 19th century, the region was an assemblage of disparate local kingdoms.</p> <p>In the late 19th century, the British and French agreed to partition the middle regions of the Niger River, and France began its conquest of what would become the colony of Niger. France experienced determined local resistance - particularly during the Tuareg uprising (1916-1917) - but established a colonial administration in 1922.</p> <p>After achieving independence from France in 1960, Niger experienced single-party or military rule until 1991 when political pressure forced General Ali SAIBOU to allow multiparty elections. Political infighting and democratic backsliding led to coups in 1996 and 1999. In December of that year, military officers restored democratic rule and held elections that brought Mamadou TANDJA to power. TANDJA was reelected in 2004 and spearheaded a 2009 constitutional amendment allowing him to extend his presidential term. In February 2010, military officers led another coup that deposed TANDJA. ISSOUFOU Mahamadou was elected in April 2011 and reelected in early 2016. In February 2021, BAZOUM Mohamed won the presidential election, marking Niger’s first transition from one democratically elected president to another. Nonetheless, a military junta once again seized power in a late-July 2023 coup, detaining President BAZOUM, and announcing the creation of a National Council for the Safeguarding of the Homeland (CNSP), headed by coup-leader General Abdourahamane TIANI.<br><br>Niger is one of the poorest countries in the world with minimal government services and insufficient funds to develop its resource base. It is ranked last in the world on the UN Development Program's Human Development Index. The largely agrarian and subsistence-based economy is frequently disrupted by extended droughts common to the Sahel region of Africa. The Nigerien Government continues its attempts to diversify the economy through increased oil production and mining projects. In addition, Niger is facing increased security concerns on its borders from various external threats including insecurity in Libya, spillover from the conflict and terrorism in Mali, and violent extremism in northeastern Nigeria.</p>"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Geography": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -569,7 +569,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Executive branch": {
|
||||
"chief of state": {
|
||||
"text": "President of the National Council for Safeguarding of the Homeland (CNSP) General Abdourahame TCHIANI (since 28 July 2023); note - deposed president BAZOUM has been under house arrest since a military coup on 26 July 2023"
|
||||
"text": "President of the National Council for Safeguarding of the Homeland (CNSP) General Abdourahame TIANI (since 28 July 2023); note - deposed president BAZOUM has been under house arrest since a military coup on 26 July 2023"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"head of government": {
|
||||
"text": "Prime Minister Ali Mahaman Lamine ZEINE (since 9 August 2023)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -1138,7 +1138,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "1 (2021)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Pipelines": {
|
||||
"text": "464 km oil"
|
||||
"text": "2,444 km oil (2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Roadways": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1152,7 +1152,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Waterways": {
|
||||
"text": "300 km (2012) (the Niger, the only major river, is navigable to Gaya between September and March)"
|
||||
"text": "563 km (2024) (the Niger, the only major river, is navigable to Gaya between September and March)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1214,7 +1214,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "200,497 (Nigeria), 67,191 (Mali) (refugees and asylum seekers) (2023)"
|
||||
"text": "67,191 (Mali) (refugees and asylum seekers) (2023); 200,477 (Nigeria) (2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"IDPs": {
|
||||
"text": "335,277 (includes the regions of Diffa, Tillaberi, and Tahoua; unknown how many of the 11,000 people displaced by clashes between government forces and the Tuareg militant group, Niger Movement for Justice, in 2007 are still displaced; inter-communal violence; Boko Haram attacks in southern Niger, 2015) (2023)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1070,10 +1070,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "8 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "20 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 5, other 3"
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 3, general cargo 12, other 5"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1090,7 +1090,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Military and Security": {
|
||||
"Military and security forces": {
|
||||
"text": "Seychelles Defense Forces (SDF): Army (includes infantry, special forces, and a presidential security unit), Coast Guard, and Air Force<br><br>Ministry of Internal Affairs: Seychelles Police Force (includes unarmed police and an armed paramilitary Police Special Support Wing, and the Marine Police Unit) (2023)",
|
||||
"text": "Seychelles Defense Forces (SDF): Army (includes infantry, special forces, and a presidential security unit), Coast Guard, and Air Force<br><br>Ministry of Internal Affairs: Seychelles Police Force (includes unarmed police and an armed paramilitary Police Special Support Wing, and the Marine Police Unit) (2024)",
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the SDF reports to the president, who acts as minister of defense "
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military expenditures": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1224,7 +1224,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "923,607 (South Sudan) (refugees and asylum seekers), 505,075 (Democratic Republic of the Congo), 41,562 (Somalia), 40,136 (Burundi), 34,368 (Eritrea), 23,388 (Rwanda), 8,936 (Ethiopia), 5,776 (Sudan) (2023)"
|
||||
"text": "505,075 (Democratic Republic of the Congo), 34,368 (Eritrea), 23,388 (Rwanda), 8,936 (Ethiopia), 5,776 (Sudan) (2023); 926,550 (South Sudan) (refugees and asylum seekers), 41,606 (Somalia), 40,180 (Burundi) (2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "67,000 (2022)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
|
|||
{
|
||||
"Introduction": {
|
||||
"Background": {
|
||||
"text": "<p>Many of Burkina Faso’s ethnic groups arrived in the region between the 12th and 15th centuries. The Gurma and Mossi peoples established several of the largest kingdoms in the area and used horse-mounted warriors in military campaigns. Of the various Mossi kingdoms, the most powerful were Ouagadougou and Yatenga. In the late 19th century, European states competed for control of the region. France eventually conquered the area and established it as a French protectorate.</p> The area achieved independence from France in 1960 and changed its name to Burkina Faso in 1984. Repeated military coups were common in the country’s first few decades. In 1987 Blaise COMPAORE deposed the former president, established a government, and ruled for 27 years. In October 2014, COMPAORE resigned following protests against his repeated efforts to amend the constitution's two-term presidential limit. An interim administration led a year-long transition period organizing presidential and legislative elections. In November 2015, Roch Marc Christian KABORE was elected president; he was reelected in November 2020. In 2022, military personnel conducted two coups. First, in January 2022, Paul Henri DAMIBA, a colonel in the army, overthrew KABORE and then in September 2022, army captain Ibrahim TRAORE deposed DAMIBA and became transition president. The transition government had planned to hold democratic elections by July 2024, but may be delayed due to security concerns.<br><br>Terrorist groups - including groups affiliated with Al-Qa’ida and the Islamic State - began attacks in the country in 2016 and conducted attacks in the capital in 2016, 2017, and 2018. By early 2023, insecurity in Burkina Faso had displaced more than 2 million people and led to significant jumps in humanitarian needs and food insecurity. In addition to terrorism, the country faces a myriad of problems including high population growth, recurring drought, pervasive and perennial food insecurity, and limited natural resources. It is one of the world’s poorest countries.<br> <p> </p>"
|
||||
"text": "<p>Many of Burkina Faso’s ethnic groups arrived in the region between the 12th and 15th centuries. The Gurma and Mossi peoples established several of the largest kingdoms in the area and used horse-mounted warriors in military campaigns. Of the various Mossi kingdoms, the most powerful were Ouagadougou and Yatenga. In the late 19th century, European states competed for control of the region. France eventually conquered the area and established it as a French protectorate.</p> The country achieved independence from France in 1960 and changed its name to Burkina Faso in 1984. Repeated military coups were common in the country’s first few decades. In 1987 Blaise COMPAORE deposed the former president, established a government, and ruled for 27 years. In October 2014, COMPAORE resigned following protests against his repeated efforts to amend the constitution's two-term presidential limit. An interim administration led a year-long transition period organizing presidential and legislative elections. In November 2015, Roch Marc Christian KABORE was elected president; he was reelected in November 2020. In 2022, military personnel conducted two takeovers. First, in January 2022, Paul Henri DAMIBA, a colonel in the army, overthrew KABORE in a coup d'etat and then, in September 2022, army captain Ibrahim TRAORE deposed DAMIBA and declared himself transition president. The transition government had planned to hold democratic elections by July 2024, but may be delayed due to security concerns.<br><br>Terrorist groups - including groups affiliated with Al-Qa’ida and the Islamic State - began attacks in the country in 2016 and conducted attacks in the capital in 2016, 2017, and 2018. By early 2023, insecurity in Burkina Faso had displaced more than 2 million people and led to significant jumps in humanitarian needs and food insecurity. In addition to terrorism, the country faces a myriad of problems including high population growth, recurring drought, pervasive and perennial food insecurity, and limited natural resources. It is one of the world’s poorest countries.<br> <p> </p>"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Geography": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -555,16 +555,16 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Executive branch": {
|
||||
"chief of state": {
|
||||
"text": "transitional President Capt. Ibrahim TRAORE (since 30 September 2022); note - on 30 September 2022, a military junta, led by TRAORE, took power and ousted President Lt. Col. Paul-Henri Sandaogo DAMIBA and took over as head of the Patriotic Movement for Safeguard and Restoration"
|
||||
"text": "transitional President Capt. Ibrahim TRAORE (since 30 September 2022); note - on 30 September 2022, a military junta, led by TRAORE, took power and ousted Transition President Lt. Col. Paul-Henri Sandaogo DAMIBA and took over as head of the Patriotic Movement for Safeguard and Restoration"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"head of government": {
|
||||
"text": "Prime Minister Joachim KYLEM DE TAMBELA (since 21 October 2022); note - transitional President TRAORE appointed KYLEM DE TAMBELA Prime Minister on 21 October 2022; the position had been vacant since 30 September 2022 when the military ousted former Prime Minister Albert OUEDRAOGO"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"cabinet": {
|
||||
"text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister"
|
||||
"text": "prior to the 2022 coups and adhoc suspension of laws and constitutional provisions, Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"elections/appointments": {
|
||||
"text": "president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); last held on 22 November 2020 (next to be held by July 2024); prime minister appointed by the president with consent of the National Assembly"
|
||||
"text": "prior to the 2022 coups and adhoc suspension of laws and constitutional provisions, president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); last held on 22 November 2020 (next were to be held by July 2024, but may be delayed by the transitional government due to security concerns); prime minister appointed by the president with consent of the National Assembly"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "<em><br>2020:</em> Roch Marc Christian KABORE reelected president in first round; percent of vote - Roch Marc Christian KABORE (MPP) 57.9%, Eddie KOMBOIGO (CDP) 15.5%, Zephirin DIABRE (UPC) 12.5%, other 14.1%<br><br><em>2015:</em> Roch Marc Christian KABORE elected president in first round; percent of vote - Roch Marc Christian KABORE (MPP) 53.5%, Zephirin DIABRE (UPC) 29.6%, Tahirou BARRY (PAREN) 3.1%, Benewende Stanislas SANKARA (UNIR-MS) 2.8%, other 10.9%"
|
||||
|
|
@ -572,10 +572,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Legislative branch": {
|
||||
"description": {
|
||||
"text": "unicameral National Assembly (127 seats; 111 members directly elected in 13 multi-seat constituencies by party-list proportional representation vote and 26 members elected in a nationwide constituency by proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms)"
|
||||
"text": "prior to the 2022 coups and adhoc suspension of laws and constitutional provisions, unicameral National Assembly (127 seats; 111 members directly elected in 13 multi-seat constituencies by party-list proportional representation vote and 26 members elected in a nationwide constituency by proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms); 71-member Transitional Legislative Assembly (ALT) appointed by the military junta in 2022 indefinitely replaced the National Assembly"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"elections": {
|
||||
"text": "last held on 22 November 2020 (next to be held NA)"
|
||||
"text": "last held on 22 November 2020 (next were to be held by July 2024, but may be delayed by the transitional government due to security concerns)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "percent of vote by party - MPP 34.6%, CDP 13.3%, UPC 10.2%, NTD 5.6%, other 36.3%; seats by party - MPP 56, CDP 20, NTD 13, UPC 12, other 26; composition as of October 2021 - men 119, women 8, percent of women 6.3%"
|
||||
|
|
@ -617,13 +617,13 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Diplomatic representation from the US": {
|
||||
"chief of mission": {
|
||||
"text": "Ambassador Sandra E. CLARK (since 25 September 2020)"
|
||||
"text": "Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d'Affaires Eric WHITAKER (since January 2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"embassy": {
|
||||
"text": "Secteur 15, Ouaga 2000, Avenue Sembene Ousmane, Rue 15.873, Ouagadougou"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"mailing address": {
|
||||
"text": "2440 Ouagadougou Place, Washington, DC 20521-2440"
|
||||
"text": "AmEmbassy Ouagadougou, Department of State, 2440 Ouagadougou Place, Washington, DC 20521-2440"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"telephone": {
|
||||
"text": "(226) 25-49-53-00"
|
||||
|
|
@ -632,7 +632,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "(226) 25-49-56-23"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"email address and website": {
|
||||
"text": "<br>ouagaACS@state.gov<br><br>https://bf.usembassy.gov/"
|
||||
"text": "<br>AmembOuaga@state.gov<br><br>https://bf.usembassy.gov/"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Flag description": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -222,7 +222,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "2 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "2 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "other 2"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1192,10 +1192,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "587 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "604 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 2, general cargo 77, oil tanker 6, other 502"
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 2, general cargo 76, oil tanker 6, other 520"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -896,10 +896,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "189 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "190 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 20, general cargo 53, oil tanker 51, other 65"
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 19, general cargo 44, oil tanker 58, other 69"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -913,7 +913,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "no regular military forces; Cook Islands Police Service"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military - note": {
|
||||
"text": "defense is the responsibility of New Zealand in consultation with the Cook Islands and at its request<br><br>the Cook Islands have a \"shiprider\" agreement with the US, which allows local maritime law enforcement officers to embark on US Coast Guard (USCG) and US Navy (USN) vessels, including to board and search vessels suspected of violating laws or regulations within its designated exclusive economic zone (EEZ) or on the high seas; \"shiprider\" agreements also enable USCG personnel and USN vessels with embarked USCG law enforcement personnel to work with host nations to protect critical regional resources (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "defense is the responsibility of New Zealand in consultation with the Cook Islands and at its request<br><br>the Cook Islands have a \"shiprider\" agreement with the US, which allows local maritime law enforcement officers to embark on US Coast Guard (USCG) and US Navy (USN) vessels, including to board and search vessels suspected of violating laws or regulations within its designated exclusive economic zone (EEZ) or on the high seas; \"shiprider\" agreements also enable USCG personnel and USN vessels with embarked USCG law enforcement personnel to work with host nations to protect critical regional resources (2023)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Transnational Issues": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1102,10 +1102,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "75 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "74 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 21, oil tanker 4, other 50"
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 21, oil tanker 4, other 49"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -957,7 +957,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "no military forces; Federated States of Micronesia National Police (includes a maritime wing); the Department of Justice oversees the National Police; State police forces are responsible for law enforcement in their respective states and are under the jurisdiction of each state’s director of public safety (2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military - note": {
|
||||
"text": "defense is the responsibility of the US<br><br>Micronesia has a \"shiprider\" agreement with the US, which allows local maritime law enforcement officers to embark on US Coast Guard (USCG) and US Navy (USN) vessels, including to board and search vessels suspected of violating laws or regulations within Micronesia's designated exclusive economic zone (EEZ) or on the high seas; \"shiprider\" agreements also enable USCG personnel and USN vessels with embarked USCG law enforcement personnel to work with host nations to protect critical regional resources (2023)"
|
||||
"text": "defense is the responsibility of the US<br><br>Micronesia has a \"shiprider\" agreement with the US, which allows local maritime law enforcement officers to embark on US Coast Guard (USCG) and US Navy (USN) vessels, including to board and search vessels suspected of violating laws or regulations within Micronesia's designated exclusive economic zone (EEZ) or on the high seas; \"shiprider\" agreements also enable USCG personnel and USN vessels with embarked USCG law enforcement personnel to work with host nations to protect critical regional resources (2024)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Transnational Issues": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -922,10 +922,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "25 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "24 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 14, other 11"
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 14"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -866,7 +866,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "3 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "3 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "other 3"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1030,10 +1030,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "90 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "74 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 3, general cargo 35, oil tanker 11, other 41"
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 2, general cargo 24, oil tanker 11, other 37"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -897,10 +897,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Roadways": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "125 km (2018)"
|
||||
"text": "121 km (2018)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"paved": {
|
||||
"text": "89 km (2018)"
|
||||
"text": "85 km (2018)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"unpaved": {
|
||||
"text": "36 km (2018)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -503,7 +503,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "president indirectly elected by the Nitijela from among its members for a 4-year term (no term limits); election last held on 2 January 2023 (next to be held in 2027)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "<em>2023: </em>Hilda C. HEINE elected president; National Parliament vote - Hilda C. HEINE 17, David KABUA 16<br><br><em>2020: </em>David KABUA elected president; National Parliament vote - David KABUA 20, Hilda C. HEINE 12 "
|
||||
"text": "<em>2023: </em>Hilda C. HEINE elected president; National Parliament vote - Hilda C. HEINE (independent) 17, David KABUA (independent) 16<br><br><em>2020: </em>David KABUA elected president; National Parliament vote - David KABUA (independent) 20, Hilda C. HEINE (independent) 12"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Legislative branch": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -449,7 +449,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "last held on 25 June 2021 (next to be held in June 2025)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "percent of vote by party MEP 35.3%, AVP 31.3%, ROOTS 9.4%, MAS 8%, Accion21 5.8%; seats by party - MEP 9, AVP 7, ROOTS 2, MAS 2, Accion21 1; composition - men 13, women 8, percent of women as of September 2023 - 38.1%"
|
||||
"text": "percent of vote by party MEP 35.3%, AVP 31.3%, ROOTS 9.4%, MAS 8%, Accion21 5.8%; seats by party - MEP 9, AVP 7, ROOTS 2, MAS 2, Accion21 1; composition as of September 2023 - men 13, women 8, percent of women - 38.1%"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Judicial branch": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -935,7 +935,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "1 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "1 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "other 1"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1013,10 +1013,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "638 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "614 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 26, container ship 112, general cargo 443, oil tanker 4, other 53"
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 24, container ship 109, general cargo 425, oil tanker 6, other 50"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -722,7 +722,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "2 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "2 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "other 2"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1043,10 +1043,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "195 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "272 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 61, general cargo 114, other 20"
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 90, general cargo 149, oil tanker 5, other 28"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1041,10 +1041,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "1,307 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "1,274 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 337, container ship 40, general cargo 63, oil tanker 213, other 654"
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 345, container ship 39, general cargo 58, oil tanker 193, other 639"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1110,10 +1110,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "817 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "774 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 51, general cargo 433, oil tanker 67, other 266"
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 49, general cargo 410, oil tanker 64, other 251"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -903,10 +903,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "139 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "130 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 29, container ship 3, general cargo 1, oil tanker 20, other 86"
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 29, container ship 3, general cargo 1, oil tanker 20, other 77"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1151,7 +1151,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "11 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "11 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "other 11"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1146,10 +1146,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "64 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "65 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 13, oil tanker 10, other 41"
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 13, oil tanker 10, other 42"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -959,10 +959,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "84 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "77 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 31, oil tanker 13, other 40"
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 26, oil tanker 10, other 41"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -981,7 +981,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Transnational Issues": {
|
||||
"Disputes - international": {
|
||||
"text": "<p>Dominica is the only Caribbean state to challenge Venezuela's sovereignty claim over Aves Island and joins the other island nations in challenging whether the feature sustains human habitation, a criterion under the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, which permits Venezuela to extend its EEZ and continental shelf claims over a large portion of the eastern Caribbean Sea</p>"
|
||||
"text": "<p><em>Dominica-Venezuela: </em>is the only Caribbean state to challenge Venezuela's sovereignty claim over Aves Island, which permits Venezuela to extend its EEZ and continental shelf claims over a large portion of the eastern Caribbean Sea</p>"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Illicit drugs": {
|
||||
"text": "<p>a transit point for cocaine and marijuana destined for North America, Europe, and elsewhere in the Caribbean; some local demand for cocaine and some use of synthetic drugs</p>"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1174,10 +1174,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "38 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "40 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "container ship 1, general cargo 2, oil tanker 1, other 34"
|
||||
"text": "container ship 1, general cargo 2, oil tanker 1, other 36"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -116,11 +116,11 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ethnic groups": {
|
||||
"text": "Mestizo 86.3%, White 12.7%, Amerindian 0.2% (includes Lenca, Kakawira, Nahua-Pipil), Black 0.1%, other 0.6% (2007 est.)"
|
||||
"text": "Mestizo 86.3%, White 12.7%, Indigenous 0.2% (includes Lenca, Kakawira, Nahua-Pipil), Black 0.1%, other 0.6% (2007 est.)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Languages": {
|
||||
"Languages": {
|
||||
"text": "Spanish (official), Nawat (among some Amerindians)"
|
||||
"text": "Spanish (official), Nawat (among some Indigenous)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"major-language sample(s)": {
|
||||
"text": "<br>La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de información básica. (Spanish)<br><br>The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information."
|
||||
|
|
@ -540,10 +540,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Executive branch": {
|
||||
"chief of state": {
|
||||
"text": "Acting President Claudia Juana RODRÍGUEZ de Guevara (since 1 December 2023); note - parliament granted a six-month leave of absence to President Nayib Armando BUKELE Ortez and Vice President Félix Augusto Antonio ULLOA Garay (to allow them to participate in the 4 February 2024 presidential election) and approved the appointment of Claudia Juana RODRÍGUEZ de Guevara as acting president from 1 December 2023 to 1 June 2024, when election winner Nayib Armando BUKELE Ortez will be sworn in for a second term"
|
||||
"text": "Acting President Claudia Juana RODRÍGUEZ DE GUEVARA (since 1 December 2023); note - parliament granted a six-month leave of absence to President Nayib Armando BUKELE Ortez and Vice President Félix Augusto Antonio ULLOA Garay (to allow them to participate in the 4 February 2024 presidential election) and approved the appointment of Claudia Juana RODRÍGUEZ DE GUEVARA as acting president from 1 December 2023 to 1 June 2024, when election winner Nayib Armando BUKELE Ortez will be sworn in for a second term"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"head of government": {
|
||||
"text": "Acting President Claudia Juana RODRÍGUEZ de Guevara (since 1 December 2023)"
|
||||
"text": "Acting President Claudia Juana RODRÍGUEZ DE GUEVARA (since 1 December 2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"cabinet": {
|
||||
"text": "Council of Ministers selected by the president"
|
||||
|
|
@ -552,7 +552,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a single 5-year term; election last held on 4 February 2024 (next to be held in 2029)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "<em>2024:</em> Nayib Armando BUKELE Ortez reelected president - Nayib Armando BUKELE Ortez (Nuevas Ideas) 83.1%, Manuel FLORES (FMLN) 7%, Joel SANCHEZ (ARENA) 6.2%, Luis PARADA (NT) 2.3%, other 1.5% <em>(preliminary results with 70% of votes counted) </em><br><br><em>2019:</em> Nayib Armando BUKELE Ortez elected president - Nayib Armando BUKELE Ortez (GANA) 53.1%, Carlos CALLEJA Hakker (ARENA) 31.7%, Hugo MARTINEZ (FMLN) 14.4%, other 0.8%"
|
||||
"text": "<em>2024:</em> Nayib Armando BUKELE Ortez reelected president - Nayib Armando BUKELE Ortez (Nuevas Ideas) 84.7%, Manuel FLORES (FMLN) 6.4%, Joel SANCHEZ (ARENA) 5.6%, Luis PARADA (NT) 2%, other 1.3%<br><br><em>2019:</em> Nayib Armando BUKELE Ortez elected president - Nayib Armando BUKELE Ortez (GANA) 53.1%, Carlos CALLEJA Hakker (ARENA) 31.7%, Hugo MARTINEZ (FMLN) 14.4%, other 0.8%"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Legislative branch": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1162,10 +1162,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "4 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "5 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "other 4"
|
||||
"text": "other 5"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1008,7 +1008,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "6 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "6 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 3, other 3"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1169,7 +1169,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "9 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "9 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "oil tanker 1, other 8"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1116,7 +1116,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "4 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "4 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 3, other 1"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1163,10 +1163,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "505 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "489 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 246, oil tanker 82, other 177"
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 233, oil tanker 82, other 174"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1082,10 +1082,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "36 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "40 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 1, general cargo 9, oil tanker 1, other 25"
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 1, general cargo 11, oil tanker 1, other 27"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1042,7 +1042,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Transnational Issues": {
|
||||
"Disputes - international": {
|
||||
"text": "<p><em>Saint Kitts and Nevis-Venezuela</em>: joins other Caribbean states to counter Venezuela's claim that Aves Island sustains human habitation, a criterion under UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, which permits Venezuela to extend its EEZ/continental shelf over a large portion of the eastern Caribbean Sea</p>"
|
||||
"text": "<p>none identified</p>"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Illicit drugs": {
|
||||
"text": "<p>a transit point for cocaine and marijuana destined for North America, Europe, and elsewhere in the Caribbean; some local demand for cocaine and some use of synthetic drugs</p>"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1036,7 +1036,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Transnational Issues": {
|
||||
"Disputes - international": {
|
||||
"text": "<p><em>Saint Lucia-Venezuela</em>: joins other Caribbean states to counter Venezuela's claim that Aves Island sustains human habitation, a criterion under UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, which permits Venezuela to extend its EEZ/continental shelf over a large portion of the eastern Caribbean Sea</p>"
|
||||
"text": "none identified"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Illicit drugs": {
|
||||
"text": "<p>a transit point for cocaine and marijuana destined for North America, Europe, and elsewhere in the Caribbean; some local demand for cocaine and some use of synthetic drugs</p>"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -397,7 +397,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "last held on 19 March 2021 (next to be held in 2025)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "<br>percent of vote by party - MFK 28.1%, PAR 14.1%, PNP 12.6%, MAN 6.5%, KEM 5.4%, TPK 5.3%; seats by party - MFK 9, PAR 4, PNP 4, MAN 2, KEM 1, TPK 1; composition as of January 2024 - men 15, women 6, percent of women 28.6%"
|
||||
"text": "<br>percent of vote by party - MFK 27.8%, PAR 13.9%, PNP 12.5%, MAN 6.4%, KEM 5.4%, TPK 5.2%; seats by party - MFK 9, PAR 4, PNP 4, MAN 2, KEM 1, TPK 1; composition as of January 2024 - men 15, women 6, percent of women 28.6%"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Judicial branch": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -756,10 +756,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "59 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "57 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 5, oil tanker 1, other 53"
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 5, oil tanker 1, other 51"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -832,10 +832,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "30 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "29 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 3, other 27"
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 3, other 26"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1205,10 +1205,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "120 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "122 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 3, oil tanker 7, other 110"
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 3, oil tanker 7, other 112"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1234,8 +1234,8 @@
|
|||
"text": "the Burmese military inventory is comprised mostly of older Chinese and Russian/Soviet-era equipment with a smaller mix of more modern acquisitions from a variety of countries; in recent years, China and Russia have been the leading suppliers of military hardware; Burma has a limited defense industry, including a growing shipbuilding capability and some production of ground force equipment that is largely based on Chinese and Russian designs (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military service age and obligation": {
|
||||
"text": "18-35 years of age (men) and 18-27 years of age (women) for voluntary military service; no conscription (a 2010 law reintroducing conscription has not yet entered into force); 2-year service obligation; professional men (ages 18-45) and women (ages 18-35), including doctors, engineers, and mechanics, serve up to 3 years; service terms may be stretched to 5 years in an officially declared emergency (2023)",
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> during the ongoing insurgency, the military rulers have recruited men 18-60 to serve in local militias"
|
||||
"text": "18-35 years of age (men) and 18-27 years of age (women) for voluntary and conscripted military service; 24-month service obligation; conscripted professional men (ages 18-45) and women (ages 18-35), including doctors, engineers, and mechanics, serve up to 36 months; service terms may be extended to 60 months in an officially declared emergency (2024)",
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note 1: </strong>in February 2024, the military government announced that the People’s Military Service Law requiring mandatory military service would go into effect; the Service Law was first introduced in 2010 but had not previously been enforced<br><br><strong>note 2: </strong>during the ongoing insurgency, the military rulers have recruited men 18-60 to serve in local militias"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military - note": {
|
||||
"text": "since the country’s founding, the Tatmadaw has been heavily involved in domestic politics and the national economy; it ran the country for five decades following a military coup in 1962; prior to the most recent coup in 2021, the military already controlled three key security ministries (Defense, Border, and Home Affairs), one of two vice presidential appointments, 25% of the parliamentary seats, and had a proxy political party, the Union Solidarity and Development Party (USDP); it owns and operates two business conglomerates that have over 100 subsidiaries; the business activities of these conglomerates include banking and insurance, hotels, tourism, jade and ruby mining, timber, construction, real estate, and the production of palm oil, sugar, soap, cement, beverages, drinking water, coal, and gas; some of the companies supply goods and services to the military, such as food, clothing, insurance, and cellphone service; the military also manages a film industry, publishing houses, and television stations<br><br>the Tatmadaw's primary operational focus is internal security, and it is conducting counterinsurgency operations against anti-regime forces that launched an armed rebellion following the 2021 coup and an array of ethnic armed groups (EAGs), some of which have considerable military capabilities; it has been accused of committing atrocities in the conduct of its campaign against the pro-democracy movement and opposition forces <br><br>the military's primary focus is counterinsurgency; the Army is the dominant service and its principal combat forces are organized into 10 centrally-commanded light infantry/rapid reaction divisions, which have a key role in fighting against insurgents; the light infantry divisions are supported by approximately 20 regionally-based, divisional-sized “military operations commands” and several brigade-sized “regional operations commands”; the Army’s counterinsurgency operations are supported by the National Police, which has dozens of paramilitary combat police battalions; the Air Force also has a large counterinsurgency role with more than 100 combat-capable aircraft and helicopters, mostly ground attack aircraft and helicopter gunships, complemented by some multipurpose fighters; the Navy has traditionally been a coastal defense force, and the majority of the combat fleet consists of fast attack and patrol vessels; however, in recent years the Navy has expanded its blue water capabilities and has a small force of frigates and corvettes, as well as a landing platform docking (LPD) amphibious assault ship and two attack submarines acquired since 2020<br><br>the military is supported by hundreds of pro-government militias; some are integrated within the Tatmadaw’s command structure as Border Guard Forces, which are organized as battalions with a mix of militia forces, EAGs, and government soldiers that are armed, supplied, and paid by the Tatmadaw; other pro-military government militias are not integrated within the Tatmadaw command structure but receive direction and some support from the military and are recognized as government militias; a third type of pro-government militias are small community-based units that are armed, coordinated, and trained by local Tatmadaw forces and activated as needed; the military regime has attempted to raise new militia units to help combat the popular uprising<br><br>EAGs have been fighting for self-rule against the Burmese Government since 1948; there are approximately 20 such groups operating in Burma with strengths of a few hundred up to more than 25,000 estimated fighters; some are organized along military lines with \"brigades\" and \"divisions\" and armed with heavy weaponry, including artillery; they control large tracts of the country’s territory, primarily in the border regions; key groups include the United Wa State Army, Karen National Union, Kachin Independence Army, Arakan Army, Ta’ang National Liberation Army, and the Myanmar Nationalities Democratic Alliance Army<br><br>the opposition National Unity Government claims its armed wing, the People's Defense Force (PDF), has more than 60,000 fighters loosely organized into battalions; in addition, several EAGs have cooperated with the NUG and supported local PDF groups (2023)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -530,7 +530,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "unicameral Legislative Council or Majlis Mesyuarat Negara Brunei (33 seats; 20 members appointed by the sultan from ex-officio cabinet ministers, titled people, and prominent citizens in public service and various professional fields, 13 members from 4 multi-seat constituencies, and 3 ex-officio members - the speaker and first and second secretaries); members serve 5-year terms"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"elections": {
|
||||
"text": "January 2017 - appointed by the sultan"
|
||||
"text": "January 2023 - appointed by the sultan"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "Legislative Council last appointed January 2023; composition men 30, women 4, percent of women 11.8%"
|
||||
|
|
@ -1078,10 +1078,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "98 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "97 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 18, oil tanker 3, other 77"
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 18, oil tanker 2, other 77"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1166,10 +1166,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "242 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "195 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "container ship 2, general cargo 159, oil tanker 18, other 63"
|
||||
"text": "container ship 2, general cargo 123, oil tanker 18, other 52"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1254,10 +1254,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "7,362 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "8,314 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 1,684, container ship 355, general cargo 1,164, oil tanker 1,133, other 3,026"
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 1,831, container ship 419, general cargo 1,392, oil tanker 1,196, other 3,476"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -995,10 +995,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "2,661 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "2,537 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 1,135, container ship 558, general cargo 155, oil tanker 394, other 419"
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 1,047, container ship 560, general cargo 144, oil tanker 394, other 392"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1225,10 +1225,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "11,015 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "11,422 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 154, container ship 218, general cargo 2,310, oil tanker 700, other 7,633"
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 160, container ship 219, general cargo 2,347, oil tanker 714, other 7,982"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1199,10 +1199,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "5,590 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "5,229 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 149, container ship 47, general cargo 2,071, oil tanker 690, other 2,633"
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 166, container ship 49, general cargo 1,893, oil tanker 666, other 2,455"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1038,10 +1038,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "270 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "264 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 9, container ship 5, general cargo 193, oil tanker 33, other 30"
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 10, container ship 5, general cargo 191, oil tanker 29, other 29"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1185,10 +1185,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "2,063 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "2,149 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 84, container ship 99, general cargo 358, oil tanker 200, other 1,322"
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 93, container ship 115, general cargo 362, oil tanker 219, other 1,360"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1155,7 +1155,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "1 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "1 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 1"
|
||||
|
|
@ -1164,7 +1164,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Military and Security": {
|
||||
"Military and security forces": {
|
||||
"text": "Lao People's Armed Forces (LPAF): Lao People's Army (LPA, includes Riverine Force), Air Force, Self-Defense Militia Forces (2023)",
|
||||
"text": "Lao People's Armed Forces (LPAF): Lao People's Army (LPA, includes Riverine Force), Lao People's Air Force (LPAF), Self-Defense Militia Forces (2024)",
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the Ministry of Public Security maintains internal security and is responsible for law enforcement; it oversees local, traffic, immigration, and security police, village police auxiliaries, and other armed police units"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military expenditures": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -910,10 +910,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "1 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "5 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "other 1"
|
||||
"text": "other 5"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1165,10 +1165,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "1,790 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "1,750 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 14, container ship 33, general cargo 181, oil tanker 156, other 1,406"
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 14, container ship 35, general cargo 169, oil tanker 148, other 1,384"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1004,10 +1004,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "450 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "465 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 34, container ship 53, general cargo 58, oil tanker 34, other 271"
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 29, container ship 53, general cargo 58, oil tanker 35, other 290"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1143,7 +1143,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Roadways": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "3,945 km (2018)"
|
||||
"text": "3,581 km (2022)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Waterways": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1151,10 +1151,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "69 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "69 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 47, oil tanker 1, other 21"
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 46, oil tanker 1, other 22"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -586,7 +586,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Political parties and leaders": {
|
||||
"text": "Austrian People's Party or OeVP [Karl NEHAMMER]<br>Freedom Party of Austria or FPOe [Herbert KICKL]<br>The Greens - The Green Alternative [Werner KOGLER]<br>NEOS - The New Austria and Liberal Forum [Beate MEINL-REISINGER]<br>Social Democratic Party of Austria or SPOe [Pamela RENDI-WAGNER]"
|
||||
"text": "Austrian People's Party or OeVP [Karl NEHAMMER]<br>Freedom Party of Austria or FPOe [Herbert KICKL]<br>The Greens - The Green Alternative [Werner KOGLER]<br>NEOS - The New Austria and Liberal Forum [Beate MEINL-REISINGER]<br>Social Democratic Party of Austria or SPOe [Andreas BABLER]"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"International organization participation": {
|
||||
"text": "ADB (nonregional member), AfDB (nonregional member), Australia Group, BIS, BSEC (observer), CD, CE, CEI, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, FATF, G-9, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD (partners), ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINURSO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OIF (observer), OPCW, OSCE, Paris Club, PCA, PFP, Schengen Convention, SELEC (observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNOOSA, UNTSO, UNWTO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC"
|
||||
|
|
@ -1174,7 +1174,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "1 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "1 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "other 1"
|
||||
|
|
@ -1246,7 +1246,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "68,700 (Syria), 43,725 (Afghanistan), 10,110 (Iraq), 8,684 (Somalia), 7,294 (Iran), 6,124 (Russia) (mid-year 2022); 83,185 (Ukraine) (as of 11 December 2023)"
|
||||
"text": "68,700 (Syria), 43,725 (Afghanistan), 10,110 (Iraq), 8,684 (Somalia), 7,294 (Iran), 6,124 (Russia) (mid-year 2022); 83,980 (Ukraine) (as of 31 December 2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "3,219 (2022)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1183,10 +1183,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "199 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "198 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 18, container ship 3, general cargo 15, oil tanker 23, other 140"
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 17, container ship 2, general cargo 16, oil tanker 21, other 142"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1266,7 +1266,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "20,086 (Syria), 7,049 (Afghanistan), 5,769 (Iraq) (mid-year 2022); 73,095 (Ukraine) (as of 30 November 2023)"
|
||||
"text": "20,086 (Syria), 7,049 (Afghanistan), 5,769 (Iraq) (mid-year 2022); 75,055 (Ukraine) (as of 31 December 2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "1,190 (2022)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1172,7 +1172,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "4 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "4 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "other 4"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1193,10 +1193,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "80 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "78 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 3, general cargo 14, oil tanker 8, other 55"
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 2, general cargo 13, oil tanker 8, other 55"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1149,10 +1149,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "1,030 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "1,005 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 255, container ship 169, general cargo 200, oil tanker 61, other 345"
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 243, container ship 154, general cargo 211, oil tanker 47, other 350"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -561,7 +561,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "unicameral People's Assembly or Folketing (179 seats, including 2 each representing Greenland and the Faroe Islands; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by party-list proportional representation vote; members serve 4-year terms unless the Folketing is dissolved earlier)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"elections": {
|
||||
"text": "last held on 1 November 2022 (next to be held on 31 October 2026)"
|
||||
"text": "last held on 1 November 2022 (next to be held by 31 October 2026)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "<br>percent of vote by party - SDP 27.5%, V 13.3%, M 9.3%, SF 8.3%, E 8.1%, LA 8.1%, C 5.5%, EL 5.1%, SLP 3.8%, AP 3.3%, NB 3.3%, DF 2.6%; seats by party - SDP 50, V 23, M 16, SF 15, E 14, LA 14, C 10, EL 9, SLP 7, AP 6, NB 6, DF 5; composition as of January 2024 - men 98, women 81, percent of women 45.3%"
|
||||
|
|
@ -1143,10 +1143,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "731 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "715 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 13, container ship 137, general cargo 70, oil tanker 118, other 393"
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 15, container ship 132, general cargo 69, oil tanker 107, other 392"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1229,7 +1229,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "19,424 (Syria), 5,885 (Eritrea) (mid-year 2022); 36,635 (Ukraine) (as of 17 December 2023)"
|
||||
"text": "19,424 (Syria), 5,885 (Eritrea) (mid-year 2022); 36,960 (Ukraine) (as of 31 December 2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "11,644 (2022)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1126,10 +1126,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "96 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "94 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 12, general cargo 34, oil tanker 1, other 49"
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 12, general cargo 32, oil tanker 1, other 49"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1142,10 +1142,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "70 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "72 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 2, oil tanker 3, other 65"
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 3, oil tanker 3, other 66"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1199,7 +1199,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "50,450 (Ukraine) (as of 24 December 2023)"
|
||||
"text": "38,185 (Ukraine) (as of 31 December 2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "70,604 (2022); note - following independence in 1991, automatic citizenship was restricted to those who were Estonian citizens prior to the 1940 Soviet occupation and their descendants; thousands of ethnic Russians remained stateless when forced to choose between passing Estonian language and citizenship tests or applying for Russian citizenship; one reason for demurring on Estonian citizenship was to retain the right of visa-free travel to Russia; stateless residents can vote in local elections but not general elections; stateless parents who have been lawful residents of Estonia for at least five years can apply for citizenship for their children before they turn 15 years old"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1197,10 +1197,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "278 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "282 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 9, container ship 1, general cargo 74, oil tanker 5, other 189"
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 9, general cargo 75, oil tanker 4, other 194"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1261,7 +1261,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "9,175 (Iraq) (mid-year 2022); 61,520 (Ukraine) (as of 24 September 2023)"
|
||||
"text": "9,175 (Iraq) (mid-year 2022); 64,750 (Ukraine) (as of 31 December 2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "3,546 (2022)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -879,10 +879,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "91 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "91 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "container ships 6, general cargo 43, other 42"
|
||||
"text": "container ships 6, general cargo 45, other 40"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1233,10 +1233,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "549 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "553 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "container ship 32, general cargo 49, oil tanker 26, other 442"
|
||||
"text": "container ship 32, general cargo 48, oil tanker 25, other 448"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> includes Monaco"
|
||||
},
|
||||
|
|
@ -1326,7 +1326,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "55,681 (Afghanistan), 39,091 (Syria), 33,834 (Sri Lanka), 33,148 (Russia), 31,935 (Democratic Republic of the Congo), 24,223 (Sudan), 21,225 (Guinea), 18,008 (Serbia and Kosovo), 17,032 (Turkey), 13,974 (Iraq), 12,286 (Cote d'Ivoire), 11,489 (Eritrea), 11,012 (Cambodia), 10,543 (China), 10,236 (Albania), 10,210 (Somalia), 8,858 (Bangladesh), 8,124 (Mauritania), 8,101 (Mali), 7,991 (Vietnam), 6,913 (Bosnia and Herzegovina), 6,910 (Haiti), 6,808 (Angola), 6,498 (Laos), 6,417 (Armenia), 6,111 (Nigeria), 5,896 (Georgia) (mid-year 2022); 70,570 (Ukraine) (as of 31 December 2022)"
|
||||
"text": "69,670 (Ukraine) (as of 31 December 2023); 55,681 (Afghanistan), 39,091 (Syria), 33,834 (Sri Lanka), 33,148 (Russia), 31,935 (Democratic Republic of the Congo), 24,223 (Sudan), 21,225 (Guinea), 18,008 (Serbia and Kosovo), 17,032 (Turkey), 13,974 (Iraq), 12,286 (Cote d'Ivoire), 11,489 (Eritrea), 11,012 (Cambodia), 10,543 (China), 10,236 (Albania), 10,210 (Somalia), 8,858 (Bangladesh), 8,124 (Mauritania), 8,101 (Mali), 7,991 (Vietnam), 6,913 (Bosnia and Herzegovina), 6,910 (Haiti), 6,808 (Angola), 6,498 (Laos), 6,417 (Armenia), 6,111 (Nigeria), 5,896 (Georgia) (mid-year 2022)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "3,633 (2022)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -788,10 +788,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "155 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "129 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 8, container ship 12, general cargo 36, oil tanker 16, other 83"
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 8, container ship 5, general cargo 31, oil tanker 16, other 69"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1212,10 +1212,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "592 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "595 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 1, container ship 72, general cargo 79, oil tanker 34, other 406"
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 1, container ship 69, general cargo 82, oil tanker 32, other 411"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1147,10 +1147,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "1,234 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "1,215 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 146, container ship 5, general cargo 83, oil tanker 311, other 689"
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 132, container ship 4, general cargo 79, oil tanker 299, other 701"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1229,7 +1229,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "41,594 (Syria), 33,549 (Afghanistan), 14,228 (Iraq), 6,366 (West Bank and Gaza) (mid-year 2022); 25,050 (Ukraine) (as of 30 June 2023)"
|
||||
"text": "41,594 (Syria), 33,549 (Afghanistan), 14,228 (Iraq), 6,366 (West Bank and Gaza) (mid-year 2022); 27,365 (Ukraine) (as of 31 December 2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "4,488 (2022)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1165,10 +1165,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "376 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "384 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 12, general cargo 33, oil tanker 14, other 317"
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 10, general cargo 32, oil tanker 14, other 328"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -557,7 +557,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Executive branch": {
|
||||
"chief of state": {
|
||||
"text": "President Katalin NOVAK (since 10 May 2022)"
|
||||
"text": "(vacant); note - President Katalin NOVAK resigned on 10 February 2024; a replacement will be chosen in March 2024"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"head of government": {
|
||||
"text": "Prime Minister Viktor ORBAN (since 29 May 2010)"
|
||||
|
|
@ -1193,7 +1193,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "1 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "1 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "other 1"
|
||||
|
|
@ -1266,7 +1266,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "65,585 (Ukraine) (as of 23 January 2024)"
|
||||
"text": "65,585 (Ukraine) (as of 31 January 2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "130 (2022)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1101,10 +1101,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "40 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "39 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 5, oil tanker 2, other 33"
|
||||
"text": "general cargo 5, oil tanker 2, other 32"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1184,10 +1184,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "1,266 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "1,276 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 20, container ship 6, general cargo 107, oil tanker 102, other 1,031"
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 17, container ship 6, general cargo 109, oil tanker 95, other 1,049"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1138,10 +1138,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "80 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "83 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "container ship 2, general cargo 30, oil tanker 9, other 39"
|
||||
"text": "container ship 2, general cargo 30, oil tanker 10, other 41"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1198,7 +1198,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "46,610 (Ukraine) (as of 5 December 2023)"
|
||||
"text": "43,825 (Ukraine) (as of 31 December 2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "195,354 (2022); note - individuals who were Latvian citizens prior to the 1940 Soviet occupation and their descendants were recognized as Latvian citizens when the country's independence was restored in 1991; citizens of the former Soviet Union residing in Latvia who have neither Latvian nor other citizenship are considered non-citizens (officially there is no statelessness in Latvia) and are entitled to non-citizen passports; children born after Latvian independence to stateless parents are entitled to Latvian citizenship upon their parents' request; non-citizens cannot vote or hold certain government jobs and are exempt from military service but can travel visa-free in the EU under the Schengen accord like Latvian citizens; non-citizens can obtain naturalization if they have been permanent residents of Latvia for at least five years, pass tests in Latvian language and history, and know the words of the Latvian national anthem"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1165,10 +1165,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "62 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "59 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "container ship 4, general cargo 22, oil tanker 2, other 34"
|
||||
"text": "container ship 3, general cargo 19, oil tanker 2, other 35"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -788,7 +788,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Roadways": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "630 km (2019)"
|
||||
"text": "420 km (2022)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Waterways": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1109,7 +1109,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Roadways": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "2,875 km (2019)"
|
||||
"text": "2,746 km (2022)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Waterways": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1117,10 +1117,10 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "149 (2022)"
|
||||
"text": "147 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 4, container ship 1, general cargo 27, oil tanker 3, other 114"
|
||||
"text": "bulk carrier 3, container ship 1, general cargo 24, oil tanker 4, other 115"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1131,7 +1131,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Military and Security": {
|
||||
"Military and security forces": {
|
||||
"text": "Luxembourg Army (l'Armée Luxembourgeoise) (2023)",
|
||||
"text": "Luxembourg Army (l'Armée Luxembourgeoise) (2024)",
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the Grand Ducal Police maintain internal security and report to the Ministry of Internal Security"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military expenditures": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1162,7 +1162,7 @@
|
|||
"note": "<strong>note 1: </strong>since 2003, the Army has allowed EU citizens 18-24 years of age who have been a resident in the country for at least 36 months to volunteer<strong><br><br>note 2:</strong> 2023, women made up about 12% of the military's full-time personnel"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military - note": {
|
||||
"text": "founded in 1881, the Luxembourg Army is responsible for the defense of the country and fulfilling the Grand Duchy’s commitments to NATO, European security, and international peacekeeping, as well as providing support to civil authorities in the event of emergencies, such as floods or disease outbreaks; the Army is an active participant in EU, NATO, and UN missions and has contributed small numbers of troops to multinational operations in such places as Afghanistan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Chad, Croatia, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Iraq, Kosovo, Lebanon, North Macedonia, Mali, Mozambique, and Uganda; it trains and exercises regularly with EU and NATO partners and has contributed to the NATO battlegroup forward deployed in Lithuania since 2017; Luxembourg was one of the original 12 countries to sign the North Atlantic Treaty (also known as the Washington Treaty) establishing NATO in 1949<br><br>the combat forces of the Luxembourg Army are two companies of infantry and reconnaissance troops; the Army has no combat aircraft; in 2015, Belgium, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg signed an agreement to conduct joint air policing of their territories; under the agreement, which went into effect in January 2017, the Belgian and Dutch Air Forces trade responsibility for patrolling the skies over the three countries (2023)"
|
||||
"text": "founded in 1881, the Luxembourg Army is responsible for the defense of the country and fulfilling the Grand Duchy’s commitments to NATO, European security, and international peacekeeping, as well as providing support to civil authorities in the event of emergencies, such as floods or disease outbreaks; the Army is an active participant in EU, NATO, and UN missions and has contributed small numbers of troops to multinational operations in such places as Afghanistan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Chad, Croatia, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Iraq, Kosovo, Lebanon, North Macedonia, Mali, Mozambique, and Uganda; it trains and exercises regularly with EU and NATO partners and has contributed to the NATO battlegroup forward deployed in Lithuania since 2017; Luxembourg was one of the original 12 countries to sign the North Atlantic Treaty (also known as the Washington Treaty) establishing NATO in 1949<br><br>the combat forces of the Luxembourg Army are two companies of infantry and reconnaissance troops; the Army has no combat aircraft; in 2015, Belgium, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg signed an agreement to conduct joint air policing of their territories; under the agreement, which went into effect in January 2017, the Belgian and Dutch Air Forces trade responsibility for patrolling the skies over the three countries (2024)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Space": {
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1175,7 +1175,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "120,695 (Ukraine) (as of 14 January 2024)"
|
||||
"text": "120,695 (Ukraine) (as of 28 January 2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "1,701 (2022)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -537,7 +537,7 @@
|
|||
"text": "president directly elected using a modified 2-round system; a candidate can only be elected in the first round with an absolute majority from all registered voters; in the second round, voter turnout must be at least 40% for the result to be deemed valid; president elected for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 21 April and 5 May 2019 (next to be held in 2024); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition is usually elected prime minister by the Assembly"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"election results": {
|
||||
"text": "<em>2024: </em>Talat XHAFERI elected caretaker Prime Minister; Assembly vote - 65 for (opposition boycott)<em><br><br>2022: </em>Dimitar KOVACEVSKI elected Prime Minister; Assembly vote - NA<em><br><br>2019:</em> Stevo PENDAROVSKI elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Stevo PENDAROVSKI (SDSM) 44.8%, Gordana SILJANOVSKA-DAVKOVA (VMRO-DPMNE) 44.2%, Blenim REKA (independent) 11.1%; percent of vote in second round - Stevo PENDAROVSKI 53.6%, Gordana SILJANOVSKA-DAVKOVA 46.4%"
|
||||
"text": "<em>2024: </em>Talat XHAFERI elected caretaker Prime Minister; Assembly vote - 65 for (opposition boycott)<em><br><br>2022: </em>Dimitar KOVACEVSKI elected Prime Minister; Assembly vote - NA<em><br><br>2019:</em> Stevo PENDAROVSKI elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Stevo PENDAROVSKI (SDSM) 44.8%, Gordana SILJANOVSKA-DAVKOVA (VMRO-DPMNE) 44.2%, Blerim REKA (independent) 11.1%; percent of vote in second round - Stevo PENDAROVSKI 53.6%, Gordana SILJANOVSKA-DAVKOVA 46.4%"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Legislative branch": {
|
||||
|
|
@ -563,7 +563,7 @@
|
|||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Political parties and leaders": {
|
||||
"text": "Alliance for Albanians or AfA or ASH [Arben TARAVARI]<br>Alternative (Alternativa) or AAA [Afrim GASHI]<br>Besa Movement or BESA [Bilal KASAMI]<br>Citizen Option for Macedonia or GROM [Stefcho JAKIMOVSKI]<br>Democratic Alliance or DS [Pavle TRAJANOV]<br>Democratic Movement or LD [Izet MEXHITI]<br>Democratic Party of Albanians or PDSh [Menduh THACI]<br>Democratic Party of Serbs or DPSM [Ivan STOILJKOVIC]<br>Democratic Renewal of Macedonia or DOM [Maja MORACHANIN]<br>Democratic Union for Integration or BDI [Ali AHMETI]<br>European Democratic Party or PDE [Arianit HOXHA]<br>Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization - Democratic Party for Macedonian National Unity or VMRO-DPMNE [Hristijan MICKOSKI]<br>Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization - People's Party or VMRO-NP [Ljubco GEORGIEVSKI]<br>Liberal Democratic Party or LDP [Monika ZAJKOVA]<br>New Social-Democratic Party or NSDP [Goran MISOVSKI]<br>Social Democratic Union of Macedonia or SDSM [Dimitar KOVACHEVSKI]<br>Socialist Party of Macedonia or SPM [Ljupcho DIMOVSKI]<br>Srpska Stranka in Macedonia or SSM [Miroslav JOVANOVIC]<br>The Left (Levica) [Dimitar APASIEV]<br>The People Movement or LP [Skender REXHEPI]<br>Turkish Democratic Party or TDP [Beycan ILYAS]<br>Turkish Movement Party or THP [Enes IBRAHIM]"
|
||||
"text": "Alliance for Albanians or AfA or ASH [Arben TARAVARI]<br>Alternative (Alternativa) or AAA [Afrim GASHI]<br>Besa Movement or BESA [Bilal KASAMI]<br>Citizen Option for Macedonia or GROM [Stefcho JAKIMOVSKI]<br>Democratic Alliance or DS [Pavle TRAJANOV]<br>Democratic Movement or LD [Izet MEXHITI]<br>Democratic Party of Albanians or PDSH [Menduh THACI]<br>Democratic Party of Serbs or DPSM [Ivan STOILJKOVIC]<br>Democratic Renewal of Macedonia or DOM [Maja MORACHANIN]<br>Democratic Union for Integration or BDI [Ali AHMETI]<br>European Democratic Party or PDE [Arianit HOXHA]<br>Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization - Democratic Party for Macedonian National Unity or VMRO-DPMNE [Hristijan MICKOSKI]<br>Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization - People's Party or VMRO-NP [Ljubco GEORGIEVSKI]<br>Liberal Democratic Party or LDP [Monika ZAJKOVA]<br>New Social-Democratic Party or NSDP [Goran MISOVSKI]<br>Social Democratic Union of Macedonia or SDSM [Dimitar KOVACHEVSKI]<br>Socialist Party of Macedonia or SPM [Ljupcho DIMOVSKI]<br>Srpska Stranka in Macedonia or SSM [Miroslav JOVANOVIC]<br>The Left (Levica) [Dimitar APASIEV]<br>The People Movement or LP [Skender REXHEPI]<br>Turkish Democratic Party or TDP [Beycan ILYAS]<br>Turkish Movement Party or THP [Enes IBRAHIM]"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"International organization participation": {
|
||||
"text": "BIS, CD, CE, CEI, EAPC, EBRD, EU (candidate country), FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NATO, OAS (observer), OIF, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, PFP, SELEC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO",
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -778,6 +778,14 @@
|
|||
"Railways": {
|
||||
"text": "<strong>note:</strong> Monaco has a single railway station but does not operate its own train service; the French operator SNCF operates rail services in Monaco"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Merchant marine": {
|
||||
"total": {
|
||||
"text": "1 (2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"by type": {
|
||||
"text": "other types of ships 1"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Ports and terminals": {
|
||||
"major seaport(s)": {
|
||||
"text": "Hercules Port"
|
||||
|
|
@ -786,11 +794,11 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Military and Security": {
|
||||
"Military and security forces": {
|
||||
"text": "no regular military forces; Ministry of Interior: Compagnie des Carabiniers du Prince (Prince’s Company of Carabiniers), Corps des Sapeurs-pompiers de Monaco (Fire and Emergency), Police Department (2023)",
|
||||
"text": "no regular military forces; Ministry of Interior: Compagnie des Carabiniers du Prince (Prince’s Company of Carabiniers), Corps des Sapeurs-pompiers de Monaco (Fire and Emergency), Police Department (2024)",
|
||||
"note": "<strong>note:</strong> the primary responsibility for the Compagnie des Carabiniers du Prince is guarding the palace; the Police maintain public order"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military service age and obligation": {
|
||||
"text": "the Compagnie des Carabiniers du Prince is staffed by French nationals (2023)"
|
||||
"text": "the Compagnie des Carabiniers du Prince is staffed by French nationals (2024)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"Military - note": {
|
||||
"text": "defense is the responsibility of France"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1271,7 +1271,7 @@
|
|||
},
|
||||
"Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
|
||||
"refugees (country of origin)": {
|
||||
"text": "53,496 (Syria), 19,204 (Eritrea), 7,106 (Turkey), 5,593 (Iran), 5,152 (Iraq) (mid-year 2022); 146,715 (Ukraine) (as of 30 November 2023)"
|
||||
"text": "53,496 (Syria), 19,204 (Eritrea), 7,106 (Turkey), 5,593 (Iran), 5,152 (Iraq) (mid-year 2022); 146,715 (Ukraine) (as of 31 December 2023)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"stateless persons": {
|
||||
"text": "4,570 (2022)"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Some files were not shown because too many files have changed in this diff Show more
Loading…
Add table
Add a link
Reference in a new issue