From ac5edd3a6ac87363968012bd3fb51de60597f548 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Yo Robot Date: Thu, 20 Nov 2025 22:13:24 +0000 Subject: [PATCH] auto-update week 47 --- africa/cm.json | 10 +++++----- africa/cv.json | 3 +++ africa/eg.json | 11 +++++++---- africa/et.json | 5 ++++- africa/gh.json | 3 ++- africa/iv.json | 8 ++++---- africa/ma.json | 6 +++--- africa/mi.json | 10 +++++----- africa/ni.json | 2 +- africa/pu.json | 8 ++++++++ africa/se.json | 6 +++--- africa/sf.json | 2 +- africa/sl.json | 8 ++++++++ africa/zi.json | 5 +++-- australia-oceania/as.json | 11 ++++++----- australia-oceania/cw.json | 3 +++ australia-oceania/nr.json | 10 +++++----- australia-oceania/pc.json | 8 ++++---- central-america-n-caribbean/bb.json | 6 +++--- central-america-n-caribbean/cs.json | 7 ++++--- central-america-n-caribbean/jm.json | 4 ++-- central-america-n-caribbean/mh.json | 3 +++ central-america-n-caribbean/pm.json | 4 ++-- central-america-n-caribbean/tb.json | 2 +- central-asia/kg.json | 3 +++ central-asia/kz.json | 2 +- central-asia/rs.json | 8 ++++---- central-asia/ti.json | 6 +++--- central-asia/uz.json | 7 ++++--- east-n-southeast-asia/cb.json | 6 +++--- east-n-southeast-asia/ch.json | 4 ++-- east-n-southeast-asia/ja.json | 4 ++-- east-n-southeast-asia/kn.json | 6 +++--- east-n-southeast-asia/ks.json | 6 +++--- east-n-southeast-asia/my.json | 4 ++-- east-n-southeast-asia/pp.json | 3 +++ east-n-southeast-asia/vm.json | 9 +++++---- europe/da.json | 4 ++-- europe/fr.json | 10 +++++----- europe/gm.json | 19 ++++++++++--------- europe/gr.json | 6 +++--- europe/ic.json | 3 +++ europe/it.json | 4 ++-- europe/lh.json | 2 +- europe/uk.json | 2 +- middle-east/ae.json | 4 ++-- middle-east/aj.json | 2 +- middle-east/ir.json | 4 ++-- middle-east/tu.json | 4 ++-- north-america/mx.json | 6 +++--- north-america/us.json | 10 +++++----- south-america/ar.json | 5 +++-- south-america/bl.json | 8 ++++---- south-america/br.json | 4 ++-- south-america/ci.json | 2 +- south-america/co.json | 3 ++- south-america/pe.json | 6 +++--- south-america/ve.json | 5 +++-- south-asia/in.json | 4 ++-- 59 files changed, 190 insertions(+), 140 deletions(-) diff --git a/africa/cm.json b/africa/cm.json index 2fc73215..21db8c65 100644 --- a/africa/cm.json +++ b/africa/cm.json @@ -580,13 +580,13 @@ "text": "president directly elected by simple-majority popular vote for a 7-year term (no term limits); prime minister appointed by the president" }, "most recent election date": { - "text": "7 October 2018" + "text": "12 October 2025" }, "election results": { - "text": "
2018: Paul BIYA reelected president; percent of vote - Paul BIYA (CPDM) 71.3%, Maurice KAMTO (MRC) 14.2%, Cabral LIBII (Univers) 6.3%, other 8.2%

2011: Paul BIYA reelected president; percent of vote - Paul BIYA (CPDM) 78.0%, John FRU NDI (SDF) 10.7%, Garga Haman ADJI 3.2%, other 8.1% (2018)" + "text": "2025- Paul BIYA reelected president; percent of vote - Paul BIYA (CPDM) 53.7%, Issa Tchiroma BAKARY (CNSF) 35.2%, Cabral LIBII (PCRN) 3.4%, Bello Boubou MAIGARI (UNDP)2.4%, other 5.3%   

2018: Paul BIYA reelected president; percent of vote - Paul BIYA (CPDM) 71.3%, Maurice KAMTO (MRC) 14.2%, Cabral LIBII (Univers) 6.3%, other 8.2%
(2018)" }, "expected date of next election": { - "text": "October 2025" + "text": "October 2032" } }, "Legislative branch": { @@ -734,10 +734,10 @@ }, "National heritage": { "total World Heritage Sites": { - "text": "2 (both natural)" + "text": "3 (two natural and one cultural)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "Dja Faunal Reserve; Sangha Trinational Forest" + "text": "Dja Faunal Reserve (n); Sangha Trinational Forest (n); Diy-Gid-Biy Cultural Landscape of the Mandara Mountains (c)" } } }, diff --git a/africa/cv.json b/africa/cv.json index d5a81cc5..e8409810 100644 --- a/africa/cv.json +++ b/africa/cv.json @@ -640,6 +640,9 @@ "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, white, red, yellow" }, + "National coat of arms": { + "text": "adopted in 1992, the coat of arms features the national symbol of ten stars that represent the country’s islands; the stylized torch and triangle at the center of the circle symbolize freedom and national unity, and the three blue lines represent the ocean and sky; the name of the country is written in Portuguese, the official language; the plumbob at the top of the circle -- used in construction to make accurate vertical lines -- represents justice, righteousness, and truth; the chain links symbolize a commitment to the people and their well-being" + }, "National anthem(s)": { "title": { "text": "\"Cantico da Liberdade\" (Song of Freedom)" diff --git a/africa/eg.json b/africa/eg.json index 3620bee2..e81f81ba 100644 --- a/africa/eg.json +++ b/africa/eg.json @@ -482,17 +482,17 @@ }, "Total water withdrawal": { "municipal": { - "text": "10.75 billion cubic meters (2020 est.)" + "text": "10.75 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)" }, "industrial": { - "text": "5.4 billion cubic meters (2020 est.)" + "text": "5.4 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)" }, "agricultural": { - "text": "61.35 billion cubic meters (2020 est.)" + "text": "61.35 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)" } }, "Total renewable water resources": { - "text": "57.5 billion cubic meters (2020 est.)" + "text": "57.5 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)" } }, "Government": { @@ -733,6 +733,9 @@ "National color(s)": { "text": "red, white, black" }, + "National coat of arms": { + "text": "adopted in 1984, the coat of arms features the national symbol, the Eagle of Saladin; the eagle holds a golden scroll with the name of the country, “Gumhuriyet Miṣr al-ʿArabiyyah” (Arab Republic of Egypt), in Arabic script; the shield on the eagle’s chest shows the national colors of red, white, and black" + }, "National anthem(s)": { "title": { "text": "\"Bilady, Bilady, Bilady\" (My Homeland, My Homeland, My Homeland)" diff --git a/africa/et.json b/africa/et.json index 34e151a0..5ed2e670 100644 --- a/africa/et.json +++ b/africa/et.json @@ -707,6 +707,9 @@ "National color(s)": { "text": "green, yellow, red" }, + "National coat of arms": { + "text": "adopted in 1996, the coat of arms features the national symbol, a pentagram; the blue circle symbolizes peace, and the pentagram represents the unity and equality of the Ethiopian people" + }, "National anthem(s)": { "title": { "text": "\"Whedefit Gesgeshi Woud Enat Ethiopia\" (March Forward, Dear Mother Ethiopia)" @@ -1185,7 +1188,7 @@ "text": "Ethiopian Space Science and Geospatial Institute (ESSGI; formed in 2022 from the joining of the Ethiopian Space Science and Technology Institute or ESSTI and the Ethiopian Geospatial Information Institute or EGII) (2025)" }, "Space program overview": { - "text": "has a small space program focused on acquiring and operating satellites, as well as conducting research; jointly builds satellites with foreign partners and operates and exploits remote sensing (RS) satellites; developing the ability to manufacture satellites and their associated payloads; involved in astronomy and in the construction of space observatories; cooperates on space-related issues with a variety of countries, including China, France, India, Russia, and multiple African countries, particularly Kenya, Rwanda, Sudan, Tanzania, and Uganda; shares RS data with neighboring countries (2025)", + "text": "has a national space program focused on acquiring and operating satellites, as well as conducting research; jointly builds satellites with foreign partners and operates and exploits remote sensing (RS) satellites; developing the ability to manufacture satellites and their associated payloads; involved in astronomy and in the construction of space observatories; cooperates on space-related issues with a variety of countries, including China, France, India, Russia, and multiple African countries, particularly Kenya, Rwanda, Sudan, Tanzania, and Uganda; shares RS data with neighboring countries (2025)", "note": "note: further details about the key activities, programs, and milestones of the country’s space program, as well as government spending estimates on the space sector, appear in the Space Programs reference guide" } }, diff --git a/africa/gh.json b/africa/gh.json index f84910ea..8b84f459 100644 --- a/africa/gh.json +++ b/africa/gh.json @@ -1190,7 +1190,8 @@ }, "Space": { "Space agency/agencies": { - "text": "Ghana Space Science and Technology Institute (GSSTI; established 2011); note – the GSSTI is eventually slated to become the Ghana Space Agency (2025)" + "text": "Ghana Space Science and Technology Institute (GSSTI; established 2011) (2025)", + "note": "note: the GSSTI is eventually slated to become the Ghana Space Agency" }, "Space program overview": { "text": "has nascent space program focused on earth observation, space science education, and telecommunications; seeks to exploit remote sensing (RS) technology for agriculture, natural resource management, weather forecasting, and national security issues; relies on foreign imagery for analysis but seeks to develop its own RS satellite capabilities; has established cooperative relationships with China and Japan, as well as a number of regional states, particularly South Africa; cooperating with Egypt, Kenya, Nigeria, Sudan, and Uganda to establish a joint satellite to monitor climate changes in the African continent; member of the African Space Agency; partner of the Square Kilometer Array (SKA) international astronomy initiative (2025)", diff --git a/africa/iv.json b/africa/iv.json index 92ce0993..cfbace96 100644 --- a/africa/iv.json +++ b/africa/iv.json @@ -561,7 +561,7 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Alassane Dramane OUATTARA (since 4 December 2010)" + "text": "President Alassane Dramane OUATTARA (since 25 October 2025)" }, "head of government": { "text": "Prime Minister Robert BREUGRE MAMBE (since 17 October 2023)" @@ -573,13 +573,13 @@ "text": "president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a single renewable 5-year term; vice president elected on same ballot as president; prime minister appointed by the president" }, "most recent election date": { - "text": "31 October 2020" + "text": "October 2030" }, "election results": { - "text": "
2020: Alassane OUATTARA reelected president; percent of vote - Alassane OUATTARA (RDR) 94.3%, Kouadio Konan BERTIN (PDCI-RDA) 2.0%, other 3.7%

2015: Alassane OUATTARA reelected president; percent of vote - Alassane OUATTARA (RDR) 83.7%, Pascal Affi N'GUESSAN (FPI) 9.3%, Konan Bertin KOUADIO (independent) 3.9%, other 3.1%" + "text": "2025: Alassane OUATTARA reelected president; percent of vote - Alassane OUATTARA (RDR) 91.2%, Jean Louis BILLON (DC) 3.1%, Simone Gbagbo (MCG) 2.4%, Ahoua Don MELLO (Ind.) 2.0%, other 1.3% 

2020: Alassane OUATTARA reelected president; percent of vote - Alassane OUATTARA (RDR) 94.3%, Kouadio Konan BERTIN (PDCI-RDA) 2.0%, other 3.7%" }, "expected date of next election": { - "text": "October 2025" + "text": "October 2030" }, "note": "note: because President OUATTARA promulgated the new constitution in 2016, he has claimed that the clock is reset on term limits, allowing him to run for up to two additional terms" }, diff --git a/africa/ma.json b/africa/ma.json index b36995c2..a19483e2 100644 --- a/africa/ma.json +++ b/africa/ma.json @@ -531,10 +531,10 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Andry RAJOELINA (since 16 December 2023)" + "text": "President Michael RANDRIANIRINA (Col.) (since 17 October 2025)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "Prime Minister Christian NTSAY (since 6 June 2018)" + "text": "Prime Minister Herintsalama RAJAONARIVELO (since 22 October 2025)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister" @@ -1122,7 +1122,7 @@ "text": "18-25 years of age for men and women; service obligation 18 months; no conscription; women are permitted to serve in all branches (2023)" }, "Military - note": { - "text": "the military’s responsibilities include ensuring sovereignty and territorial integrity and protecting Madagascar’s maritime domain, particularly against piracy, drug trafficking, and smuggling; it also assists the Gendarmerie with maintaining law and order in rural areas, largely in areas affected by banditry, cattle rustling, and criminal groups; the military has a history of having influence in domestic politics; members of the military were arrested for coup plotting as recently as 2021; security relationships have included France, India, and Russia; Madagascar's small Navy has traditionally looked to India for assistance with maritime security (2025)" + "text": "the military’s responsibilities include ensuring sovereignty and territorial integrity and protecting Madagascar’s maritime domain, particularly against piracy, drug trafficking, and smuggling; it also assists the Gendarmerie with maintaining law and order in rural areas, largely in areas affected by banditry, cattle rustling, and criminal groups; the military has a history of influence in domestic politics and seized control of the government in October 2025; security relationships have included France, India, and Russia; Madagascar's small Navy has traditionally looked to India for assistance with maritime security (2025)" } }, "Transnational Issues": { diff --git a/africa/mi.json b/africa/mi.json index e544cbd1..836bcfe9 100644 --- a/africa/mi.json +++ b/africa/mi.json @@ -542,10 +542,10 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Lazarus CHAKWERA (since 28 June 2020)" + "text": "President Peter MUTHARIKA (since 4 October)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "President Lazarus CHAKWERA (since 28 June 2020)" + "text": "Vice President Jane ANSAH (since 4 October)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Cabinet named by the president" @@ -560,7 +560,7 @@ "text": "2025: Peter MUTHARIKA elected president; percent of vote- Peter MUTHARIKA (DPP) 56.8%, Lazarus CHAKWERA (MCP) 33.0%, Dalitso KABAMBE (UTM) 3.95, Atupele MULUZI (UDF) 1.92%, Joyce BANDA (PP) 1.61%, other 2.72%

2020: Lazarus CHAKWERA elected president; Lazarus CHAKWERA (MCP) 59.3%, Peter Mutharika (DPP) 39.9%, other 0.8%" }, "expected date of next election": { - "text": "September 2025" + "text": "September 2030" }, "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, @@ -676,10 +676,10 @@ }, "National heritage": { "total World Heritage Sites": { - "text": "2 (1 cultural, 1 natural)" + "text": "3 (2 cultural, 1 natural)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "Lake Malawi National Park (n); Chongoni Rock-Art Area (c)" + "text": "Lake Malawi National Park (n); Chongoni Rock-Art Area (c); Mount Mulanje Cultural Landscape (c)" } } }, diff --git a/africa/ni.json b/africa/ni.json index e6724483..182f16cf 100644 --- a/africa/ni.json +++ b/africa/ni.json @@ -1164,7 +1164,7 @@ "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { "text": "Armed Forces of Nigeria (AFN): Nigerian Army, Nigerian Navy (includes Coast Guard), Nigerian Air Force

Ministry of Interior: Nigeria Security and Civil Defense Corps (NSCDC); Ministry of Police Affairs: Nigeria Police Force (NPF) (2025)", - "note": "note 1: the NSCDC is a paramilitary agency commissioned to assist the military in the management of threats to internal security, including attacks and natural disasters

note 2: some states have created local security forces akin to neighborhood watches in response to increased violence, insecurity, and criminality that have exceeded the response capacity of federal government security forces, but official security forces remained the constitutional prerogative of the federal government; in 2023, the federal government began deploying thousands of \"agro rangers\" across 19 states and the Federal Capital Territory to help safeguard farmland and mediate conflicts, especially in areas hit by farmer-herder clashes" + "note": "note 1: the NSCDC is a paramilitary agency commissioned to assist the military in the management of threats to internal security, including attacks and natural disasters

note 2: some states have created local security forces in response to increased violence, insecurity, and criminality that have exceeded the response capacity of federal government security forces, but official security forces remained the constitutional prerogative of the federal government; in 2023, the federal government began deploying thousands of \"agro rangers\" across 19 states and the Federal Capital Territory to help safeguard farmland and mediate conflicts, especially in areas hit by farmer-herder clashes" }, "Military expenditures": { "Military Expenditures 2024": { diff --git a/africa/pu.json b/africa/pu.json index f28fe9f8..d3e579f0 100644 --- a/africa/pu.json +++ b/africa/pu.json @@ -632,6 +632,14 @@ "history": { "text": "adopted 1974; a delegation from Portuguese Guinea visited China in 1963 and heard music by XIAO He; Amilcar Lopes CABRAL, the leader of Guinea-Bissau's independence movement, asked the composer to create a piece that would inspire his people to fight for independence" } + }, + "National heritage": { + "total World Heritage Sites": { + "text": "1 (natural)" + }, + "selected World Heritage Site locales": { + "text": "Coastal and Marine Ecosystems of the Bijagós Archipelago – Omatí Minhô (n)" + } } }, "Economy": { diff --git a/africa/se.json b/africa/se.json index 28a402b9..58fa677a 100644 --- a/africa/se.json +++ b/africa/se.json @@ -471,10 +471,10 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Wavel RAMKALAWAN (since 26 October 2020)" + "text": "President Patrick HERMINIE (since 26 October 2025)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "President Wavel RAMKALAWAN (since 26 October 2020)" + "text": "President Patrick HERMINIE (since 26 October 2025)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president" @@ -541,7 +541,7 @@ }, "Diplomatic representation in the US": { "chief of mission": { - "text": "Ambassador Ian Dereck Joseph MADELEINE (since 1 December 2021); note - also Permanent Representative to the UN" + "text": "Ambassador-designate Vivianne FOCK TAVE (since August 2025); note - also Permanent Representative to the UN-designate" }, "chancery": { "text": "685 Third Avenue, Suite 1107, 11th Floor, New York, NY 10017" diff --git a/africa/sf.json b/africa/sf.json index 4ba34bb0..a1cb7740 100644 --- a/africa/sf.json +++ b/africa/sf.json @@ -679,7 +679,7 @@ }, "Diplomatic representation from the US": { "chief of mission": { - "text": "Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d’Affaires David J. GREENE (since March 2025)" + "text": "Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d’Affaires Marc DILLARD (since October 2025)" }, "embassy": { "text": "877 Pretorius Street, Arcadia, Pretoria" diff --git a/africa/sl.json b/africa/sl.json index 902a7266..46120011 100644 --- a/africa/sl.json +++ b/africa/sl.json @@ -652,6 +652,14 @@ "history": { "text": "adopted 1961" } + }, + "National heritage": { + "total World Heritage Sites": { + "text": "1 (natural)" + }, + "selected World Heritage Site locales": { + "text": "Gola-Tiwai Complex (n)" + } } }, "Economy": { diff --git a/africa/zi.json b/africa/zi.json index 914d81ac..4ef05048 100644 --- a/africa/zi.json +++ b/africa/zi.json @@ -1132,10 +1132,11 @@ }, "Space": { "Space agency/agencies": { - "text": "Zimbabwe National Geospatial and Space Agency (ZINGSA; established in 2019 and officially launched in 2021; under the Ministry of Higher and Tertiary Education, Science and Technology Development) (2024)" + "text": "Zimbabwe National Geospatial and Space Agency (ZINGSA; established in 2019 and officially launched in 2021) (2025)", + "note": "note: ZINGSA is under the Ministry of Higher and Tertiary Education, Science, and Technology Development" }, "Space program overview": { - "text": "has a nascent program with the goal of utilizing space technologies in economic development; particularly interested in remote sensing capabilities to assist with monitoring or managing agriculture and food security, climate change, disease outbreaks, environmental hazards and disasters, and natural resources, as well as weather forecasting; part of a joint project (BIRDS-5) with Japan, which seeks to promote the first steps towards creating an indigenous space program by designing, building, testing, launching, and operating the first satellites for participating countries (2024)", + "text": "has a nascent program with the goal of utilizing space technologies in economic development, including remote sensing capabilities to assist with monitoring or managing agriculture and food security, climate change, disease outbreaks, environmental hazards and disasters, and natural resources, as well as weather forecasting; has cooperated with Japan and Russia (2025)", "note": "note: further details about the key activities, programs, and milestones of the country’s space program, as well as government spending estimates on the space sector, appear in the Space Programs reference guide" } }, diff --git a/australia-oceania/as.json b/australia-oceania/as.json index eec05964..2a7dbfff 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/as.json +++ b/australia-oceania/as.json @@ -711,10 +711,10 @@ }, "National heritage": { "total World Heritage Sites": { - "text": "20 (4 cultural, 12 natural, 4 mixed)" + "text": "21 (5 cultural, 12 natural, 4 mixed)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "Great Barrier Reef (n); Greater Blue Mountains Area (n); Fraser Island (n); Gondwana Rainforests (n); Lord Howe Island Group (n); Royal Exhibition Building and Carlton Gardens (c); Shark Bay (n); Sydney Opera House (c); Uluṟu-Kata Tjuṯa National Park (m); Kakadu National Park (m)" + "text": "Great Barrier Reef (n); Greater Blue Mountains Area (n); Fraser Island (n); Gondwana Rainforests (n); Lord Howe Island Group (n); Royal Exhibition Building and Carlton Gardens (c); Shark Bay (n); Sydney Opera House (c); Uluṟu-Kata Tjuṯa National Park (m); Kakadu National Park (m); Murujuga Cultural Landscape (c)" }, "note": "note: includes one site on Heard Island and McDonald Islands" } @@ -1190,7 +1190,7 @@ "text": "approximately 60,000 active ADF personnel (2025)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { - "text": "the military's inventory includes a mix of domestically produced and imported Western weapons systems; in recent years, the US has been the largest supplier of arms; the Australian defense industry produces a variety of land and sea weapons platforms; the defense industry also participates in joint development and production ventures with other Western countries, including the US and Canada (2024)", + "text": "the military's inventory includes a mix of domestically produced and imported Western weapons systems; in recent years, the US has been the largest supplier of arms; the Australian defense industry produces a variety of land and sea weapons platforms; the defense industry also participates in joint development and production ventures with other Western countries, including the US and Canada (2025)", "note": "note: in 2023, the Australian defense ministry announced a new strategic review that called for the acquisition of more long-range deterrence capabilities, including missiles, submarines, and cyber tools; in early 2024, Australia announced a 10-year plan to more than double the number of the Navy's major surface combatant ships" }, "Military service age and obligation": { @@ -1206,13 +1206,14 @@ }, "Space": { "Space agency/agencies": { - "text": "Australian Space Agency (ASA; established 2018; headquarters opened in 2020); Defense Space Command (established 2022) (2025)" + "text": "Australian Space Agency (ASA; established 2018; headquarters opened in 2020) (2025)", + "note": "note: Australia established a Defense Space Command in 2022" }, "Space launch site(s)": { "text": "Whalers Way Orbital Launch Complex (commercial site, South Australia); Arnhem Space Center (commercial site, Northern Territory); Bown Orbital Spaceport (commercial site, North Queensland) (2025)" }, "Space program overview": { - "text": "has a long history of involvement in space-related activities, including astronomy, rockets, satellites, and space tracking; develops, builds, operates, and tracks satellites, including communications, remote sensing (RS), navigational, and scientific/testing/research, often in partnership with other countries; develops other space technologies, including communications, RS capabilities, and telescopes; encouraging growth in domestic commercial space-industry sector, including satellite launch vehicles; cooperates with a variety of foreign space agencies and industries, including those of China, the European Space Agency (ESA), individual ESA member states, India, Japan, New Zealand, South Korea, the UK, and the US; co-leads the Global Earth Observation System of Systems and hosts one of the telescopes for the international Square Kilometer Array radio telescope project (2025)", + "text": "has a history of involvement in space-related activities, including astronomy, rockets, satellites, and space tracking; develops, builds, operates, and tracks satellites, including communications, remote sensing (RS), navigational, and scientific/testing/research, often in partnership with other countries; develops other space technologies, including communications, RS capabilities, and telescopes; encouraging growth in domestic commercial space-industry sector, including satellite launch vehicles; cooperates with a variety of foreign space agencies and industries, including those of China, the European Space Agency (ESA), individual ESA member states, India, Japan, New Zealand, South Korea, the UK, and the US; co-leads the Global Earth Observation System of Systems and hosts one of the telescopes for the international Square Kilometer Array radio telescope project (2025)", "note": "note: further details about the key activities, programs, and milestones of the country’s space program, as well as government spending estimates on the space sector, appear in the Space Programs reference guide" } }, diff --git a/australia-oceania/cw.json b/australia-oceania/cw.json index 300d2cd4..38cb2b64 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/cw.json +++ b/australia-oceania/cw.json @@ -529,6 +529,9 @@ "National color(s)": { "text": "green, white" }, + "National coat of arms": { + "text": "the coat of arms was designed by Papa Motu Kora, a mataiapo (traditional chief) from the Matavera village in Rarotonga; the shield with a circle of 15 five-pointed white stars represents the protection of the people and the country; on each side of the shield is a flying fish (maroro) and a white tern (kakaia); a Rarotongan orator club above the fish represents local traditions, and a cross above the tern symbolizes Christianity; a red-feathered Ariki headdress (pare kura) at the top of the shield represents the country’s traditional ranking system" + }, "National anthem(s)": { "title": { "text": "\"God Save the King\"" diff --git a/australia-oceania/nr.json b/australia-oceania/nr.json index 9db6e1ba..d1aca779 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/nr.json +++ b/australia-oceania/nr.json @@ -439,13 +439,13 @@ "text": "president indirectly elected by Parliament for 3-year term (eligible for a second term)" }, "most recent election date": { - "text": "30 October 2023" + "text": "14 October 2025" }, "election results": { - "text": "
2023: David ADEAGN elected president over Delvin THOMA, 10-8

2022: Russ KUN elected president unopposed" + "text": "

2025:  David ADEAGN elected president (unopposed)

2023: David ADEAGN elected president over Delvin THOMA, 10-8" }, "expected date of next election": { - "text": "2026" + "text": "2028" }, "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, @@ -466,13 +466,13 @@ "text": "3 years" }, "most recent election date": { - "text": "9/24/2022" + "text": "10/11/2025" }, "percentage of women in chamber": { "text": "10.5%" }, "expected date of next election": { - "text": "September 2025" + "text": "September 2028" } }, "Judicial branch": { diff --git a/australia-oceania/pc.json b/australia-oceania/pc.json index c51c5f16..3f73874f 100644 --- a/australia-oceania/pc.json +++ b/australia-oceania/pc.json @@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ "text": "King CHARLES III (since 8 September 2022); represented by UK High Commissioner to New Zealand and Governor (nonresident) of the Pitcairn Islands Iona THOMAS (since 9 August 2022)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "Mayor and Chairman of the Island Council Simon YOUNG (since 1 January 2023)" + "text": "Mayor and Chairman of the Island Council Shawn CHRISTIAN (since 5 November 2025)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "none" @@ -198,13 +198,13 @@ "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor and commissioner appointed by the monarch; island mayor directly elected by majority popular vote for a 3-year term" }, "most recent election date": { - "text": "9 November 2022" + "text": "5 November 2025" }, "election results": { - "text": "Simon YOUNG elected mayor and chairman of the Island Council; Island Council vote - NA" + "text": "Shawn CHRISTIAN elected mayor and chairman of the Island Council" }, "expected date of next election": { - "text": "December 2025" + "text": "November 2028" } }, "Legislative branch": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/bb.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/bb.json index 7f6dec8e..81f0a393 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/bb.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/bb.json @@ -466,13 +466,13 @@ "text": "president elected by an electoral college of both Houses of Parliament for a 4-year renewable term; following legislative elections, the president usually appoints the leader of the majority party or leader of the majority coalition as prime minister; the prime minister recommends the deputy prime minister" }, "most recent election date": { - "text": "20 October 2021" + "text": "7 October 2025" }, "election results": { - "text": "Sandra MASON elected as first president on 20 October 2021" + "text": "Jeffrey Davidson BOSTIC elected as the country's second president; note - BOSTIC will take office 30 November 2025" }, "expected date of next election": { - "text": "by January 2027" + "text": "NA" } }, "Legislative branch": { diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/cs.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/cs.json index 72e0459d..b7d07044 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/cs.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/cs.json @@ -434,13 +434,13 @@ }, "Total water withdrawal": { "municipal": { - "text": "1,108,600,000 cubic meters (2022 est.)" + "text": "1.109 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)" }, "industrial": { "text": "245.34 million cubic meters (2022 est.)" }, "agricultural": { - "text": "2,092,895,183 cubic meters (2022 est.)" + "text": "2.093 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)" } }, "Total renewable water resources": { @@ -1131,7 +1131,8 @@ }, "Space": { "Space agency/agencies": { - "text": "Costa Rican Space Agency (ACE; established by legislation in 2021); ACE is a non-state, public entity subject to guidelines issued by the Ministry of Science, Technology, and Telecommunications (2025)" + "text": "Costa Rican Space Agency (ACE; established by legislation in 2021)  (2025)", + "note": "note: ACE is a non-state, public entity subject to guidelines issued by the Ministry of Science, Technology, and Telecommunications of Costa Rica" }, "Space program overview": { "text": "has a small, recently established program focused on using space to develop the country’s economy and industry, including acquiring and utilizing satellites; has built a remote sensing (RS) cube satellite; has relations with the space agencies and commercial space industries of the US, the European Space Agency, and the Latin American and Caribbean Space Agency (2025)", diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/jm.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/jm.json index df150738..5b2fe56b 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/jm.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/jm.json @@ -665,10 +665,10 @@ }, "National heritage": { "total World Heritage Sites": { - "text": "1 (mixed)" + "text": "2 ( 1mixed,1 cultural)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "Blue and John Crow Mountains" + "text": "Blue and John Crow Mountains (m); The Archaeological Ensemble of 17th Century Port Royal (c)" } } }, diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/mh.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/mh.json index 0a985806..b4cf016d 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/mh.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/mh.json @@ -430,6 +430,9 @@ "Flag": { "text": "description: blue with the UK flag in the upper-left quadrant and the Montserratian coat of arms centered in the right half of the flag; the arms show a woman in a green dress standing beside a yellow harp and embracing a large, dark-brown cross with her right arm

meaning: the woman is Erin, the female personification of Ireland, the harp is an Irish symbol, and the cross represents the Christian faith; blue stands for awareness, trustworthiness, determination, and righteousness" }, + "National coat of arms": { + "text": "Montserrat's coat of arms dates back to 1909 and reflects the country's Irish settlers, who first arrived in 1632; the woman in the green dress is Erin, the personification of Ireland, and she holds Ireland's symbol, a gold harp; the cross represents Christianity, Monserrat's predominant religion" + }, "National anthem(s)": { "title": { "text": "\"God Save the King\"" diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/pm.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/pm.json index 9b4a1e54..4abcd05f 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/pm.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/pm.json @@ -667,10 +667,10 @@ }, "National heritage": { "total World Heritage Sites": { - "text": "5 (2 cultural, 3 natural)" + "text": "6 (3 cultural, 3 natural)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "Caribbean Fortifications (c); Darien National Park (n); Talamanca Range-La Amistad National Park (n); Panamá Viejo and Historic District of Panamá (c); Coiba National Park (n)" + "text": "Caribbean Fortifications (c); Darien National Park (n); Talamanca Range-La Amistad National Park (n); Panamá Viejo and Historic District of Panamá (c); Coiba National Park (n); The Colonial Transisthmian Route of Panamá (c)" } } }, diff --git a/central-america-n-caribbean/tb.json b/central-america-n-caribbean/tb.json index f52d95a8..d975739f 100644 --- a/central-america-n-caribbean/tb.json +++ b/central-america-n-caribbean/tb.json @@ -370,7 +370,7 @@ "text": "Fête de la Fédération, 14 July (1790)", "note": "note 1: local holiday is St. Barthelemy Day, 24 August (1572)

note 2: often incorrectly referred to as Bastille Day, France's national celebration commemorates the storming of the Bastille prison on 14 July 1789 and the establishment of a constitutional monarchy; other names for the holiday are la Fête nationale (National Holiday) and le Quatorze Juillet (14th of July)" }, - "Flag description": { + "Flag": { "text": "the flag of France is used" }, "National symbol(s)": { diff --git a/central-asia/kg.json b/central-asia/kg.json index 9ac9796d..96af322e 100644 --- a/central-asia/kg.json +++ b/central-asia/kg.json @@ -652,6 +652,9 @@ "National color(s)": { "text": "red, yellow" }, + "National coat of arms": { + "text": "adopted in 1992, the coat of arms of Kyrgyzstan highlights two of its best-known geographic features, Issyk-Kul Lake and the Tien Shan mountain range; the falcon, the national symbol, stands for nobleness and purity, and light blue for courage and generosity; the word “Kyrgyz” appears at the top of the emblem, and “Republic” at the bottom; the wheat, cotton, and rising sun were symbols used during the Soviet era" + }, "National anthem(s)": { "title": { "text": "\"Kyrgyz Respublikasynyn Mamlekettik Gimni\" (National Anthem of the Kyrgyz Republic)" diff --git a/central-asia/kz.json b/central-asia/kz.json index a87eda3d..25daa721 100644 --- a/central-asia/kz.json +++ b/central-asia/kz.json @@ -640,7 +640,7 @@ }, "Diplomatic representation in the US": { "chief of mission": { - "text": "Ambassador Yerzhan ASHIKBAYEV (since 7 July 2021)" + "text": "Ambassador-designate Magzhan ILYASOV (since October 2025)" }, "chancery": { "text": "1401 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20036" diff --git a/central-asia/rs.json b/central-asia/rs.json index 46590651..83b5e0cf 100644 --- a/central-asia/rs.json +++ b/central-asia/rs.json @@ -751,10 +751,10 @@ }, "National heritage": { "total World Heritage Sites": { - "text": "32 (21 cultural, 11 natural)" + "text": "33 (22 cultural, 11 natural)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "Historic Centre of Saint Petersburg and Related Groups of Monuments (c); Kizhi Pogost (c); Kremlin and Red Square, Moscow (c); Historic Monuments of Novgorod and Surroundings (c); White Monuments of Vladimir and Suzdal (c); Architectural Ensemble of the Trinity Sergius Lavra in Sergiev Posad (c); Church of the Ascension, Kolomenskoye (c); Lake Baikal (n); Volcanoes of Kamchatka (n); Ensemble of the Ferapontov Monastery (c); Historic and Architectural Complex of the Kazan Kremlin (c); Citadel, Ancient City and Fortress Buildings of Derbent (c); Uvs Nuur Basin (n); Ensemble of the Novodevichy Convent (c); Natural System of Wrangel Island Reserve (n); Historical Centre of the City of Yaroslavl (c); Lena Pillars Nature Park (n); Bolgar Historical and Archaeological Complex (c); Assumption Cathedral and Monastery of the town-island of Sviyazhsk (c); Churches of the Pskov School of Architecture (c); Petroglyphs of Lake Onega and the White Sea (c)" + "text": "Historic Centre of Saint Petersburg and Related Groups of Monuments (c); Kizhi Pogost (c); Kremlin and Red Square, Moscow (c); Historic Monuments of Novgorod and Surroundings (c); White Monuments of Vladimir and Suzdal (c); Architectural Ensemble of the Trinity Sergius Lavra in Sergiev Posad (c); Church of the Ascension, Kolomenskoye (c); Lake Baikal (n); Volcanoes of Kamchatka (n); Ensemble of the Ferapontov Monastery (c); Historic and Architectural Complex of the Kazan Kremlin (c); Citadel, Ancient City and Fortress Buildings of Derbent (c); Uvs Nuur Basin (n); Ensemble of the Novodevichy Convent (c); Natural System of Wrangel Island Reserve (n); Historical Centre of the City of Yaroslavl (c); Lena Pillars Nature Park (n); Bolgar Historical and Archaeological Complex (c); Assumption Cathedral and Monastery of the town-island of Sviyazhsk (c); Churches of the Pskov School of Architecture (c); Petroglyphs of Lake Onega and the White Sea (c); Rock Paintings of Shulgan-Tash Cave (c)" } } }, @@ -1244,8 +1244,8 @@ }, "Military and Security": { "Military and security forces": { - "text": "Armed Forces of the Russian Federation: Ground Troops (Sukhoputnyye Voyskia, SV), Navy (Voyenno-Morskoy Flot, VMF), Aerospace Forces (Vozdushno-Kosmicheskiye Sily, VKS); Airborne Troops (Vozdushno-Desantnyye Voyska, VDV), and Missile Troops of Strategic Purpose (Raketnyye Voyska Strategicheskogo Naznacheniya, RVSN) referred to commonly as Strategic Rocket Forces, are independent \"combat arms,\" not subordinate to any of the three branches

Federal National Guard Troops Service of the Russian Federation (FSVNG, National Guard, Russian Guard, or Rosgvardiya)

Federal Security Services (FSB): Federal Border Guard Service (includes land and maritime forces) (2025)", - "note": "note 1: the Air Force and Aerospace Defense Forces were merged into the VKS in 2015; VKS responsibilities also include launching military and dual‐use satellites, maintaining military satellites, and monitoring and defending against space threats; in 2024, the Russian Government announced plans to create an Unmanned Systems Force branch in 2025

note 2: the Ministry of Internal Affairs, Federal Security Service, Investigative Committee, Office of the Prosecutor General, and National Guard are responsible for law enforcement; the Federal Security Service is responsible for state security, counterintelligence, and counterterrorism, as well as for fighting organized crime and corruption; the national police force, under the Ministry of Internal Affairs, is responsible for combating all crime

note 3: the National Guard was created in 2016 as an independent agency for internal/regime security, combating terrorism and narcotics trafficking, protecting important state facilities and government personnel, and supporting border security; it also participates in armed defense of the country’s territory in coordination with the Armed Forces; forces under the National Guard include the Special Purpose Mobile Units (OMON), Special Rapid Response Detachment (SOBR), and Interior Troops (VV); these troops were originally under the command of the Interior Ministry (MVD)" + "text": "Armed Forces of the Russian Federation: Ground Forces (SV), Aerospace Forces (VKS), Navy (VMF); separate or independent troop branches include the Airborne Forces (VDV), Missile Troops of Strategic Purpose (RVSN; commonly to as Strategic Rocket Forces), Special Operations Forces, and Unmanned Systems Forces 

Federal National Guard Troops Service of the Russian Federation (FSVNG, National Guard, Russian Guard, or Rosgvardiya)

Federal Security Services (FSB): Federal Border Guard Service (includes land and maritime forces) (2025)", + "note": "note 1: the Unmanned Systems Forces were established in 2025

note 2: the National Guard was created in 2016 as an independent agency for internal/regime security, combating terrorism and narcotics trafficking, protecting important state facilities and government personnel, and supporting border security; it also works closely with the Armed Forces; forces under the National Guard include the Special Purpose Mobile Units (OMON), Special Rapid Response Detachment (SOBR), and Interior Troops (VV)

note 3: the Ministry of Internal Affairs, Federal Security Service, Investigative Committee, Office of the Prosecutor General, and National Guard are responsible for law enforcement; the Federal Security Service is responsible for state security, counterintelligence, and counterterrorism, as well as for fighting organized crime and corruption; the Ministry of Internal Affairs includes the national police force" }, "Military expenditures": { "Military Expenditures 2024": { diff --git a/central-asia/ti.json b/central-asia/ti.json index f524745a..66c9f165 100644 --- a/central-asia/ti.json +++ b/central-asia/ti.json @@ -619,7 +619,7 @@ }, "Diplomatic representation in the US": { "chief of mission": { - "text": "Ambassador Farrukh HAMRALIZODA (since 17 February 2021)" + "text": "Ambassador-designate Zavqi ZAVQIZODA (since November 2021)" }, "chancery": { "text": "1005 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20037" @@ -685,10 +685,10 @@ }, "National heritage": { "total World Heritage Sites": { - "text": "4 (2 cultural, 2 natural)" + "text": "5 (3 cultural, 2 natural)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "Proto-urban Site of Sarazm (c); Tajik National Park (Mountains of the Pamirs) (n); Silk Roads: Zarafshan-Karakum Corridor (c); Tugay forests of the Tigrovaya Balka Nature Reserve (n)" + "text": "Proto-urban Site of Sarazm (c); Tajik National Park (Mountains of the Pamirs) (n); Silk Roads: Zarafshan-Karakum Corridor (c); Tugay forests of the Tigrovaya Balka Nature Reserve (n); Cultural Heritage Sites of Ancient Khuttal (c)" } } }, diff --git a/central-asia/uz.json b/central-asia/uz.json index 0d9cfda1..8a347479 100644 --- a/central-asia/uz.json +++ b/central-asia/uz.json @@ -1173,7 +1173,7 @@ "text": "limited available information; estimated 50,000 active Armed Forces (2025)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { - "text": "the Uzbek Armed Forces use mainly Russian or Soviet-era weapons and equipment with smaller quantities of items from suppliers such as China, Turkey, and the US; Uzbekistan has a small defense industry, which is involved in repairing and maintaining aircraft and armored vehicles, as well as producing light armored vehicles, unmanned aerial vehicles/drones, and other military items (2024)" + "text": "the Uzbek Armed Forces use mainly Russian or Soviet-era weapons and equipment with smaller quantities of items from suppliers such as China, Turkey, and the US; Uzbekistan has a small defense industry, which is involved in repairing and maintaining aircraft and armored vehicles, as well as producing light armored vehicles, unmanned aerial vehicles/drones, and other military items (2025)" }, "Military service age and obligation": { "text": "18-27 years of age for compulsory military service for men; 12-month service obligation (those conscripted have the option of paying for a shorter service of one month while remaining in the reserves until the age of 27) (2024)", @@ -1185,10 +1185,11 @@ }, "Space": { "Space agency/agencies": { - "text": "Agency for Space Research and Technology (Uzbekcosmos; established 2019) (2024)" + "text": "Space Research and Technology Agency (UzCosmos or UzSpace; established 2019) (2025)", + "note": "note: Uzcosmos operates under the Ministry of Digital Technologies" }, "Space program overview": { - "text": "has a small space program focused on acquiring satellites and developing the country’s space industry; Uzbekcosmos largely sets state policy and shapes the strategic direction, development, and use of the country’s space-related industries and technologies in key sectors, including cartography, environmental and disaster monitoring, land use, resource management, and telecommunications; also has an astronomy program; cooperates with foreign space agencies or commercial companies from a variety of countries, including those of Canada, China, France, India, Israel, Kazakhstan, Russia, South Korea, and Spain (2024)", + "text": "has a small but growing space effort focused on acquiring satellites and developing the country’s space industries and technologies in key sectors, including cartography, data processing, environmental and disaster monitoring, land use, resource management, and telecommunications; developing a 10-year national space program; recognized for its astronomy program; member of international space organizations; cooperates with foreign space agencies or commercial companies from a variety of countries, including those of Canada, China, France, India, Israel, Japan, Kazakhstan, Russia, South Korea, Spain, Turkey, and UAE (2025)", "note": "note: further details about the key activities, programs, and milestones of the country’s space program, as well as government spending estimates on the space sector, appear in the Space Programs reference guide" } }, diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/cb.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/cb.json index 8fd91dfe..0b03dbfc 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/cb.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/cb.json @@ -714,10 +714,10 @@ }, "National heritage": { "total World Heritage Sites": { - "text": "4 (all cultural)" + "text": "5 (all cultural)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "Angkor; Temple of Preah Vihear; Sambor Prei Kuk; Koh Ker: Archaeological Site of Ancient Lingapora or Chok Gargyar" + "text": "Angkor; Temple of Preah Vihear; Sambor Prei Kuk; Koh Ker: Archaeological Site of Ancient Lingapora or Chok Gargyar; Cambodian Memorial Sites: From centres of repression to places of peace and reflection (c)" } } }, @@ -1183,7 +1183,7 @@ }, "Trafficking in persons": { "tier rating": { - "text": "Tier 3 — Cambodia does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking and is not making significant efforts to do so, therefore, Cambodia remained on Tier 3; for more details, go to: https://www.state.gov/reports/2024-trafficking-in-persons-report/cambodia/" + "text": "Tier 3 — Cambodia does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking and is not making significant efforts to do so, therefore, Cambodia remained on Tier 3; for more details, go to: https://www.state.gov/reports/2025-trafficking-in-persons-report/cambodia/" } } } diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/ch.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/ch.json index 91321388..f82d0dee 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/ch.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/ch.json @@ -730,10 +730,10 @@ }, "National heritage": { "total World Heritage Sites": { - "text": "59 (40 cultural, 15 natural, 4 mixed)" + "text": "60 (41 cultural, 15 natural, 4 mixed)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "

Imperial Palaces of the Ming and Qing Dynasties (c); Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor (c); The Great Wall (c); Summer Palace, an Imperial Garden in Beijing (c); Jiuzhaigou Valley Scenic and Historic Interest Area (n); Historic Ensemble of the Potala Palace, Lhasa (c); Ancient Ancient City of Ping Yao (c); Historic Center of Macau (c); Historic Monuments of Dengfeng in “The Centre of Heaven and Earth” (c); The Grand Canal (c); Mount Huangshan (m); Mogao Caves (c); Mount Taishan (m); Peking Man Site at Zhoukoudian(c); Huanglong Scenic and Historic Interest Area (n);Wulingyuan Scenic and Historic Interest Area (n); Ancient Building Complex in the Wudang Mountains (c); Mountain Resort and its Outlying Temples, Chengde (c); Temple and Cemetery of Confucius and the Kong Family Mansion in Qufu (c); Lushan National Park (c); Mount Emei Scenic Area, including Leshan Giant Buddha Scenic Area (m); Classical Gardens of Suzhou (c); Old Town of Lijiang (c); Temple of Heaven: an Imperial Sacrificial Altar in Beijing (c); Dazu Rock Carvings (c); Mount Wuyi (m); Ancient Villages in Southern Anhui – Xidi and Hongcun (c); Imperial Tombs of the Ming and Qing Dynasties (c); Longmen Grottoes (c); Mount Qingcheng and the Dujiangyan Irrigation System (c); Yungang Grottoes (c); Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas (n); Capital Cities and Tombs of the Ancient Koguryo Kingdom (c); Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuaries - Wolong, Mt. Siguniang, and Jiajin Mountains (c); Yin Xu (c); Kaiping Diaolou and Villages (c); South China Karst (n); Fujian Tulou (c); Mount Sanqingshan National Park (n); Mount Wutai (c); China Danxia (n); West Lake Cultural Landscape of Hangzhou (c); Chengjiang Fossil Site (n); Site of Xanadu (c); Cultural Landscape of Honghe Hani Rice Terraces(c); Xinjiang Tianshan (n); Silk Roads: the Routes Network of Chang'an-Tianshan Corridor (c); Tusi Sites (c); Hubei Shennongjia (n); Zuojiang Huashan Rock Art Cultural Landscape (c); Kulangsu, a Historic International Settlement (c); Qinghai Hoh Xil (n); Fanjingshan (n); Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City (c); Migratory Bird Sanctuaries along the Coast of Yellow Sea-Bohai Gulf of China (n); Quanzhou: Emporium of the World in Song-Yuan China (c); Cultural Landscape of Old Tea Forests of the Jingmai Mountain in Pu’er (c); Badain Jaran Desert - Towers of Sand and Lakes (n); Beijing Central Axis: A Building Ensemble Exhibiting the Ideal Order of the Chinese Capital (c)

" + "text": "

Imperial Palaces of the Ming and Qing Dynasties (c); Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor (c); The Great Wall (c); Summer Palace, an Imperial Garden in Beijing (c); Jiuzhaigou Valley Scenic and Historic Interest Area (n); Historic Ensemble of the Potala Palace, Lhasa (c); Ancient Ancient City of Ping Yao (c); Historic Center of Macau (c); Historic Monuments of Dengfeng in “The Centre of Heaven and Earth” (c); The Grand Canal (c); Mount Huangshan (m); Mogao Caves (c); Mount Taishan (m); Peking Man Site at Zhoukoudian(c); Huanglong Scenic and Historic Interest Area (n);Wulingyuan Scenic and Historic Interest Area (n); Ancient Building Complex in the Wudang Mountains (c); Mountain Resort and its Outlying Temples, Chengde (c); Temple and Cemetery of Confucius and the Kong Family Mansion in Qufu (c); Lushan National Park (c); Mount Emei Scenic Area, including Leshan Giant Buddha Scenic Area (m); Classical Gardens of Suzhou (c); Old Town of Lijiang (c); Temple of Heaven: an Imperial Sacrificial Altar in Beijing (c); Dazu Rock Carvings (c); Mount Wuyi (m); Ancient Villages in Southern Anhui – Xidi and Hongcun (c); Imperial Tombs of the Ming and Qing Dynasties (c); Longmen Grottoes (c); Mount Qingcheng and the Dujiangyan Irrigation System (c); Yungang Grottoes (c); Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas (n); Capital Cities and Tombs of the Ancient Koguryo Kingdom (c); Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuaries - Wolong, Mt. Siguniang, and Jiajin Mountains (c); Yin Xu (c); Kaiping Diaolou and Villages (c); South China Karst (n); Fujian Tulou (c); Mount Sanqingshan National Park (n); Mount Wutai (c); China Danxia (n); West Lake Cultural Landscape of Hangzhou (c); Chengjiang Fossil Site (n); Site of Xanadu (c); Cultural Landscape of Honghe Hani Rice Terraces(c); Xinjiang Tianshan (n); Silk Roads: the Routes Network of Chang'an-Tianshan Corridor (c); Tusi Sites (c); Hubei Shennongjia (n); Zuojiang Huashan Rock Art Cultural Landscape (c); Kulangsu, a Historic International Settlement (c); Qinghai Hoh Xil (n); Fanjingshan (n); Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City (c); Migratory Bird Sanctuaries along the Coast of Yellow Sea-Bohai Gulf of China (n); Quanzhou: Emporium of the World in Song-Yuan China (c); Cultural Landscape of Old Tea Forests of the Jingmai Mountain in Pu’er (c); Badain Jaran Desert - Towers of Sand and Lakes (n); Beijing Central Axis: A Building Ensemble Exhibiting the Ideal Order of the Chinese Capital (c); Xixia Imperial Tombs (c)

" } } }, diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/ja.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/ja.json index 58b3d2a7..5c43c1cd 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/ja.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/ja.json @@ -519,7 +519,7 @@ "text": "Emperor NARUHITO (since 1 May 2019)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "vacant (since 7 September 2025)" + "text": "Prime Minister Sanae TAKAICHI (since 21 October 2025)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Cabinet appointed by the prime minister" @@ -528,7 +528,7 @@ "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; the leader of the majority party or majority coalition in the House of Representatives usually becomes prime minister" }, "election results": { - "text": "
2024: Shigeru ISHIBA (LDP) elected prime minister on 27 September 2024; upper house vote - 143 of 242 votes; lower house vote - 291 of 461 votes

2021: Fumio KISHIDA reelected prime minister on 10 November 2021; upper house vote - Fumio KISHIDA (LDP) 141, Yukio EDANO (CDP) 60; lower house vote - Fumio KISHIDA 297, Yukio EDANO 108" + "text": "

2025: Sanae TAKAICHI (LDP) elected prime minister on 21 October 2025; upper house vote - 125 of 171 votes (runoff); lower house vote - 237 of 386 votes

2024: Shigeru ISHIBA (LDP) elected prime minister on 27 September 2024; upper house vote - 143 of 242 votes; lower house vote - 291 of 461 votes" }, "note": "note: Shigeru ISHIBA resigned as prime minister on 7 September 2025; the party vote on the new prime minister is expected in early October 2025" }, diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/kn.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/kn.json index 3b7889af..c3b52b88 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/kn.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/kn.json @@ -615,10 +615,10 @@ }, "National heritage": { "total World Heritage Sites": { - "text": "2 (both cultural)" + "text": "2 (both cultural, one mixed)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "Koguryo Tombs Complex; Historic Monuments and Sites in Kaesong" + "text": "Koguryo Tombs Complex; Historic Monuments and Sites in Kaesong; Mount Kumgang – Diamond Mountain from the Sea (m)" } } }, @@ -865,7 +865,7 @@ "note": "note: the bulk of the KPA is made up of conscripts; as many as 20% of North Korean males between the ages of 16 and 54 are in the military at a given time and possibly up to 30 percent of males between the ages of 18 and 27, not counting the reserves or paramilitary units; women comprise about 20% of the military by some estimates" }, "Military deployments": { - "text": "approximately 10-12,000 Russia (2025)" + "text": "estimated 10-12,000 Russia (2025)" }, "Military - note": { "text": "the Korean People's Army (KPA) is one of the World’s largest military forces; founded in 1948, the KPA’s primary responsibilities are national defense and protection of the Kim regime; it also provides support to domestic economic projects such as agriculture production and infrastructure construction; North Korea views South Korea and the US as its primary external threats and Russia as its closest security partner

in addition to the invasion of South Korea and the subsequent Korean War (1950-53), North Korea from the 1960s to the 1980s launched a number of military and subversive actions against South Korea; including skirmishes along the DMZ, overt attempts to assassinate South Korean leaders, kidnappings, the bombing of an airliner, and a failed effort in 1968 to foment an insurrection and conduct a guerrilla war in the South with more than 100 seaborne commandos; from the 1990s until 2010, the North lost two submarines and a semi-submersible boat attempting to insert infiltrators into the South (1996, 1998) and provoked several engagements in the Northwest Islands area along the disputed Northern Limit Line (NLL), including naval skirmishes between patrol boats in 1999 and 2002, the torpedoing and sinking of a South Korean Navy corvette in 2010, and the bombardment of a South Korean military installation on Yeonpyeong Island, also in 2010; since 2010, further minor incidents continue to occur periodically along the DMZ, where both the KPA and the South Korean military maintain large numbers of troops

North Korea also has a history of provocative regional military actions and posturing that are of major concern to the international community, including: proliferation of military-related items; ballistic and cruise missile development and testing; weapons of mass destruction (WMD) programs including tests of nuclear devices in 2006, 2009, 2013, 2016, and 2017; and large conventional armed forces (2025)" diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/ks.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/ks.json index 381ad002..ff763ac2 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/ks.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/ks.json @@ -597,7 +597,7 @@ }, "Diplomatic representation in the US": { "chief of mission": { - "text": "Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d'Affaires LEE Joon Ho (since 12 July 2025)" + "text": "Ambassador-designate KANG Kyung-wha (since October 2025)" }, "chancery": { "text": "2450 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008" @@ -669,10 +669,10 @@ }, "National heritage": { "total World Heritage Sites": { - "text": "16 (14 cultural, 2 natural)" + "text": "17 (15 cultural, 2 natural)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "Jeju Volcanic Island and Lava Tubes (n); Changdeokgung Palace Complex (c); Jongmyo Shrine (c); Seokguram Grotto and Bulguksa Temple (c); Hwaseong Fortress (c); Gochang, Hwasun, and Ganghwa Dolmen Sites (c); Gyeongju Historic Areas (c); Namhansanseong (c); Baekje Historic Areas (c); Sansa, Buddhist Mountain Monasteries in Korea (c); Royal Tombs of the Joseon Dynasty (c)" + "text": "Jeju Volcanic Island and Lava Tubes (n); Changdeokgung Palace Complex (c); Jongmyo Shrine (c); Seokguram Grotto and Bulguksa Temple (c); Hwaseong Fortress (c); Gochang, Hwasun, and Ganghwa Dolmen Sites (c); Gyeongju Historic Areas (c); Namhansanseong (c); Baekje Historic Areas (c); Sansa, Buddhist Mountain Monasteries in Korea (c); Royal Tombs of the Joseon Dynasty (c); Petroglyphs along the Bangucheon Stream (c)" } } }, diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/my.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/my.json index 306a42ff..2176849d 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/my.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/my.json @@ -705,10 +705,10 @@ }, "National heritage": { "total World Heritage Sites": { - "text": "5 (3 cultural, 2 natural)" + "text": "6 (4 cultural, 2 natural)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "Gunung Mulu National Park (n); Kinabalu Park (n); Melaka and George Town, Historic Cities of the Straits of Melaka (c); Archaeological Heritage of the Lenggong Valley (c); The Archaeological Heritage of Niah National Park’s Caves Complex (c)" + "text": "Gunung Mulu National Park (n); Kinabalu Park (n); Melaka and George Town, Historic Cities of the Straits of Melaka (c); Archaeological Heritage of the Lenggong Valley (c); The Archaeological Heritage of Niah National Park’s Caves Complex (c); Forest Research Institute Malaysia Forest Park Selangor (c)" } } }, diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/pp.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/pp.json index 090865da..ffaab020 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/pp.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/pp.json @@ -647,6 +647,9 @@ "National color(s)": { "text": "red, black" }, + "National coat of arms": { + "text": "Papua New Guinea's coat of arms was adopted on July 1, 1971, and features the country's national symbol, the Raggiana bird-of-paradise; the bird stands for the nation's freedom and rich natural environment; the traditional spear under the bird represents the country's ethnic groups and the protection of its heritage, and the Kundu drum, which is used in ceremonies, represents local artistic traditions and communication" + }, "National anthem(s)": { "title": { "text": "\"O Arise, All You Sons\"" diff --git a/east-n-southeast-asia/vm.json b/east-n-southeast-asia/vm.json index 48866869..a1ce617a 100644 --- a/east-n-southeast-asia/vm.json +++ b/east-n-southeast-asia/vm.json @@ -713,10 +713,10 @@ }, "National heritage": { "total World Heritage Sites": { - "text": "8 (5 cultural, 2 natural, 1 mixed)" + "text": "9 (6 cultural, 2 natural, 1 mixed)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "Complex of Hué Monuments (c); Ha Long Bay (n); Hoi An Ancient Town (c); My Son Sanctuary (c); Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park (n); Imperial Citadel of Thang Long - Hanoi (c); Citadel of the Ho Dynasty (c); Trang An Landscape Complex (m)" + "text": "Complex of Hué Monuments (c); Ha Long Bay (n); Hoi An Ancient Town (c); My Son Sanctuary (c); Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park (n); Imperial Citadel of Thang Long - Hanoi (c); Citadel of the Ho Dynasty (c); Trang An Landscape Complex (m); Yen Tu-Vinh Nghiem-Con Son, Kiep Bac Complex of Monuments and Landscapes (c)" } } }, @@ -1209,10 +1209,11 @@ }, "Space": { "Space agency/agencies": { - "text": "Vietnam National Space Center (VNSC; established 2011; formerly known as the Vietnam National Satellite Center); Space Technology Institute (STI; established 2006); both the VNSC and the STI operate under the Vietnamese Academy of Science and Technology (VAST); Ministry of Science and Technology (2024)" + "text": "Vietnam National Space Center (VNSC; established 2011) (2025)", + "note": "note: the VNSC is under the Vietnamese Academy of Science and Technology (VAST)" }, "Space program overview": { - "text": "has a growing space program focused on acquiring, operating, and exploiting satellites, as well as expanding domestic capabilities in satellites and associated sub-system production, space sciences, and technology applications; builds and operates communications and remote sensing satellites; conducting research and development on space science and applied space technologies, such as advanced optics and space data exploitation; has worked closely with Japan on its space program since inception; cooperation has included funding, loans, training, technical expertise, and data sharing; has also established relationships with the space agencies or commercial space sectors of some European countries (such as France), India, and the US (2024)", + "text": "has a growing national space program focused on acquiring, operating, and exploiting satellites, as well as expanding domestic capabilities in satellites and associated sub-system production, space sciences, and technology applications; builds and operates communications and remote sensing satellites; conducting research and development on space science and applied space technologies, such as advanced optics and space data exploitation; has worked closely with Japan on its space program; cooperation has included funding, loans, training, technical expertise, and data sharing; has also established relationships with the space agencies or commercial space sectors of some European countries (such as France), India, and the US (2025)", "note": "note: further details about the key activities, programs, and milestones of the country’s space program, as well as government spending estimates on the space sector, appear in the Space Programs reference guide" } }, diff --git a/europe/da.json b/europe/da.json index 06896f8e..c7f180c8 100644 --- a/europe/da.json +++ b/europe/da.json @@ -686,10 +686,10 @@ }, "National heritage": { "total World Heritage Sites": { - "text": "11 (8 cultural, 3 natural)" + "text": "12 (8 cultural, 4 natural)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "Denmark: Mounds, Runic Stones, and Church at Jelling (c); Roskilde Cathedral (c); Kronborg Castle (c); Wadden Sea (n); Stevns Klint (n); Christiansfeld, Moravian Church Settlement (c); Par force hunting landscape, North Zealand (c); Greenland: Ilulissat Icefjord (n); Kujataa, Norse and Inuit Farming (c); Aasivissuit–Nipisat, Inuit Hunting Ground (c); Viking-Age Ring Fortresses (c)" + "text": "Denmark: Mounds, Runic Stones, and Church at Jelling (c); Roskilde Cathedral (c); Kronborg Castle (c); Wadden Sea (n); Stevns Klint (n); Christiansfeld, Moravian Church Settlement (c); Par force hunting landscape, North Zealand (c); Greenland: Ilulissat Icefjord (n); Kujataa, Norse and Inuit Farming (c); Aasivissuit–Nipisat, Inuit Hunting Ground (c); Viking-Age Ring Fortresses (c); Møns Klint (n)" }, "note": "note: includes three sites in Greenland" } diff --git a/europe/fr.json b/europe/fr.json index f49a3937..28891dd6 100644 --- a/europe/fr.json +++ b/europe/fr.json @@ -475,13 +475,13 @@ }, "Total water withdrawal": { "municipal": { - "text": "5,271,098,480 cubic meters (2022 est.)" + "text": "5.271 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)" }, "industrial": { - "text": "16,641,397,540 cubic meters (2022 est.)" + "text": "16.641 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)" }, "agricultural": { - "text": "2,515,163,573 cubic meters (2022 est.)" + "text": "2.515 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)" } }, "Total renewable water resources": { @@ -753,10 +753,10 @@ }, "National heritage": { "total World Heritage Sites": { - "text": "53 (45 cultural, 7 natural, 1 mixed); note - includes one site in New Caledonia and one site in French Polynesia" + "text": "54 (46 cultural, 7 natural, 1 mixed); note - includes one site in New Caledonia and one site in French Polynesia" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "Chartres Cathedral (c); Palace and Park of Versailles (c); Mont-Saint-Michel and its Bay (c); Prehistoric Sites and Decorated Caves of the Vézère Valley (c); Pyrénées - Mont Perdu (m); Cistercian Abbey of Fontenay (c); Paris, Banks of the Seine (c); The Loire Valley between Sully-sur-Loire and Chalonnes (c); Pont du Gard (Roman Aqueduct) (c); Amiens Cathedral (c); Palace and Park of Fontainebleau (c); Historic Fortified City of Carcassonne (c); The Maison Carrée of Nîmes (c); Gulf of Porto: Calanche of Piana, Gulf of Girolata, Scandola Reserve (Corsica) (n)" + "text": "Chartres Cathedral (c); Palace and Park of Versailles (c); Mont-Saint-Michel and its Bay (c); Prehistoric Sites and Decorated Caves of the Vézère Valley (c); Pyrénées - Mont Perdu (m); Cistercian Abbey of Fontenay (c); Paris, Banks of the Seine (c); The Loire Valley between Sully-sur-Loire and Chalonnes (c); Pont du Gard (Roman Aqueduct) (c); Amiens Cathedral (c); Palace and Park of Fontainebleau (c); Historic Fortified City of Carcassonne (c); The Maison Carrée of Nîmes (c); Gulf of Porto: Calanche of Piana, Gulf of Girolata, Scandola Reserve (Corsica) (n); Megaliths of Carnac and of the shores of Morbihan (c)" } } }, diff --git a/europe/gm.json b/europe/gm.json index 5e6e08c1..134b2b47 100644 --- a/europe/gm.json +++ b/europe/gm.json @@ -462,13 +462,13 @@ }, "Total water withdrawal": { "municipal": { - "text": "10,712,619,000 cubic meters (2022 est.)" + "text": "10.713 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)" }, "industrial": { - "text": "14,005,279,000 cubic meters (2022 est.)" + "text": "14.005 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)" }, "agricultural": { - "text": "1,074,671,000 cubic meters (2022 est.)" + "text": "1.075 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)" } }, "Total renewable water resources": { @@ -723,10 +723,10 @@ }, "National heritage": { "total World Heritage Sites": { - "text": "55 (53 cultural, 2 natural)" + "text": "56 (54 cultural, 2 natural)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "

Museumsinsel (Museum Island), Berlin (c); Palaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin (c); Speyer Cathedral (c); Aachen Cathedral (c); Bauhaus and its Sites in Weimar, Dessau, and Bernau (c); Caves and Ice Age Art in the Swabian Jura (c); Roman Monuments, Cathedral of St. Peter, and Church of Our Lady in Trier (c); Hanseatic City of Lübeck (c); Old Town of Regensburg with Stadtamhof (c); Würzburg Residence with the Court Gardens and Residence Square (c); Pilgrimage Church of Wies (c); Castles of Augustusburg and Falkenlust at Brühl (c); St Mary's Cathedral and St Michael's Church at Hildesheim (c); Abbey and Altenmünster of Lorsch (c); Maulbronn Monastery Complex (c); Collegiate Church, Castle and Old Town of Quedlinburg (c); Cologne Cathedral (c); Castle Church in Wittenberg (c); Classical Weimar (c); Wartburg Castle (c); Garden Kingdom of Dessau-Wörlitz (c); Monastic Island of Reichenau (c); Berlin Modernism Housing Estates (c); Prehistoric Pile Dwellings around the Alps (c); Moravian Church Settlements (c); Speicherstadt and Kontorhaus District with Chilehaus (c); The Architectural Work of Le Corbusier, an Outstanding Contribution to the Modern Movement (c); Archaeological Border complex of Hedeby and the Danevirke (c); Naumburg Cathedral (c); Mathildenhöhe Darmstadt (c); ShUM Sites of Speyer, Worms and Mainz (c); The Great Spa Towns of Europe (c); Jewish-Medieval Heritage of Erfurt (c); Schwerin Residence Ensemble (c); The Palaces of King Ludwig II of Bavaria: Neuschwanstein, Linderhof, Schachen and Herrenchiemsee (c)

" + "text": "

Museumsinsel (Museum Island), Berlin (c); Palaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin (c); Speyer Cathedral (c); Aachen Cathedral (c); Bauhaus and its Sites in Weimar, Dessau, and Bernau (c); Caves and Ice Age Art in the Swabian Jura (c); Roman Monuments, Cathedral of St. Peter, and Church of Our Lady in Trier (c); Hanseatic City of Lübeck (c); Old Town of Regensburg with Stadtamhof (c); Würzburg Residence with the Court Gardens and Residence Square (c); Pilgrimage Church of Wies (c); Castles of Augustusburg and Falkenlust at Brühl (c); St Mary's Cathedral and St Michael's Church at Hildesheim (c); Abbey and Altenmünster of Lorsch (c); Maulbronn Monastery Complex (c); Collegiate Church, Castle and Old Town of Quedlinburg (c); Cologne Cathedral (c); Castle Church in Wittenberg (c); Classical Weimar (c); Wartburg Castle (c); Garden Kingdom of Dessau-Wörlitz (c); Monastic Island of Reichenau (c); Berlin Modernism Housing Estates (c); Prehistoric Pile Dwellings around the Alps (c); Moravian Church Settlements (c); Speicherstadt and Kontorhaus District with Chilehaus (c); The Architectural Work of Le Corbusier, an Outstanding Contribution to the Modern Movement (c); Archaeological Border complex of Hedeby and the Danevirke (c); Naumburg Cathedral (c); Mathildenhöhe Darmstadt (c); ShUM Sites of Speyer, Worms and Mainz (c); The Great Spa Towns of Europe (c); Jewish-Medieval Heritage of Erfurt (c); Schwerin Residence Ensemble (c); The Palaces of King Ludwig II of Bavaria: Neuschwanstein, Linderhof, Schachen and Herrenchiemsee (c); The Palaces of King Ludwig II of Bavaria: Neuschwanstein, Linderhof, Schachen and Herrenchiemsee (c)

" } } }, @@ -1214,8 +1214,8 @@ "text": "the inventory of Federal Armed Forces is comprised of weapons systems produced domestically or jointly with other European countries and Western imports, particularly from the US; Germany's defense industry is capable of manufacturing the full spectrum of air, land, and naval military weapons systems, and Germany is one of the world's leading arms exporters; it also participates in joint defense production projects with the US and European partners (2024)" }, "Military service age and obligation": { - "text": "17-23 years of age for voluntary military service for men and women (must have completed compulsory full-time education and have German citizenship); conscription ended July 2011; service obligation 7-23 months or 12 years; in July 2020, the government launched a new voluntary conscript initiative focused on homeland security tasks; volunteers serve for 7 months plus 5 months as reservists over a 6 year period (2024)", - "note": "note: women have been eligible for voluntary service in all military branches and positions since 2001 and accounted for about 12% of the active-duty German military in 2023" + "text": "17-23 years of age for voluntary military service for men and women (must have completed compulsory full-time education and have German citizenship); service obligation 7-23 months or 12 years (2024)", + "note": "note 1: conscription ended in 2011; in 2020, the German Government launched a new voluntary conscript initiative focused on homeland security tasks, with the volunteers serving for 7 months plus 5 months as reservists over a 6-year period

note 2: women have been eligible for voluntary service in all military branches and positions since 2001 and accounted for about 12% of the active-duty German military in 2023" }, "Military deployments": { "text": "100 Estonia; up to 500 Iraq (NATO); Lebanon 170 (UNIFIL); up to 1,700 Lithuania (NATO); 100 Romania (NATO); 280 Slovakia (NATO) (2024)", @@ -1227,13 +1227,14 @@ }, "Space": { "Space agency/agencies": { - "text": "German Aerospace Center (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, DLR; established 1997); predecessor organization, German Test and Research Institute for Aviation and Space Flight, was established in 1969; note – the Federal Republic of Germany was allowed to research space flight after gaining sovereignty in 1955 (2025)" + "text": "German Aerospace Center (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, DLR; established 1997) (2025)", + "note": "note: DLR's predecessor organization, the German Test and Research Institute for Aviation and Space Flight, was established in 1969; the Federal Republic of Germany was allowed to research space flight after gaining sovereignty in 1955" }, "Space launch site(s)": { "text": "a commercial offshore launch platform that will operate from the North Sea is under development with both government and private funding (2025)" }, "Space program overview": { - "text": "has one of Europe’s largest space programs; is a key member of the European Space Agency (ESA) and one of its largest contributors; builds and operates satellites, satellite/space launch vehicles (SLVs), space probes, and unmanned orbiters; conducts research and develops a range of other space-related capabilities and technologies, including reusable space planes, satellite payloads (cameras, remote sensing, communications, optics, sensors, etc.), rockets and rocket propulsion, propulsion assisted landing technologies, and aeronautics; participates in ESA’s astronaut training program and human space flight operations and hosts the European Astronaut Center; participates in other international space programs, such as the International Space Station (ISS); hosts the mission control centers for the ISS and the ESA, as well as the European Organization for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT); in addition to ESA/EU and their member states, has ties to a range of foreign space programs, including those of China, Japan, Russia, and the US; has a robust commercial space industry sector that develops a broad range of space capabilities, including satellite launchers and reusable space craft, and cooperates closely with DLR, ESA, and other international commercial entities and government agencies (2025)", + "text": "has one of Europe’s largest space programs; is a key member of the European Space Agency (ESA) and one of its largest contributors; builds and operates satellites, satellite/space launch vehicles (SLVs), space probes, and unmanned orbiters; conducts research and develops a range of other space-related capabilities and technologies, including reusable space planes, satellite payloads (cameras, remote sensing, communications, optics, sensors, etc.), rockets and rocket propulsion, propulsion assisted landing technologies, and aeronautics; major participant in EU and ESA programs, including the Cassini-Huygens research mission to Saturn, Mars and Venus exploration missions, the Rosetta comet probe, the Galileo global navigation satellite system, and the Jupiter Icy Moons Exploration mission (JUICE); participates in ESA’s astronaut training program and human space flight operations and hosts the European Astronaut Center; participates in other international space programs, such as the International Space Station (ISS) and the James Webb Space Telescope; hosts the mission control centers for the ISS and the ESA, as well as the European Organization for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT); in addition to ESA/EU and their member states, has ties to a range of foreign space programs, including those of China, Japan, Russia, and the US; has a robust commercial space industry sector that develops a broad range of space capabilities, including satellite launchers and reusable space craft, and cooperates closely with DLR, ESA, and other international commercial entities and government agencies (2025)", "note": "note: further details about the key activities, programs, and milestones of the country’s space program, as well as government spending estimates on the space sector, appear in the Space Programs reference guide" } }, diff --git a/europe/gr.json b/europe/gr.json index 07dce4e4..9ef7364a 100644 --- a/europe/gr.json +++ b/europe/gr.json @@ -675,10 +675,10 @@ }, "National heritage": { "total World Heritage Sites": { - "text": "19 (17 cultural, 2 mixed)" + "text": "20 (18 cultural, 2 mixed)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "Acropolis, Athens (c); Archaeological site of Delphi (c); Meteora (m); Medieval City of Rhodes (c); Archaeological site of Olympia (c); Archaeological site of Mycenae and Tiryns (c); Old Town of Corfu (c); Mount Athos (m); Delos (c); Archaeological Site of Philippi (c)" + "text": "Acropolis, Athens (c); Archaeological site of Delphi (c); Meteora (m); Medieval City of Rhodes (c); Archaeological site of Olympia (c); Archaeological site of Mycenae and Tiryns (c); Old Town of Corfu (c); Mount Athos (m); Delos (c); Archaeological Site of Philippi (c); Minoan Palatial Centres (c)" } } }, @@ -1173,7 +1173,7 @@ "text": "Hellenic Space Center (HSC; aka Hellenic Space Agency; established 2018) (2025)" }, "Space program overview": { - "text": "space program focused on building and operating satellites for communications and remote sensing (RS); researches and develops technologies in a variety of space sectors, including such areas agricultural areas, defense, environmental studies, RS, and telecommunications; has a national space strategy; as a member of the European Space Agency (ESA), it contributes to, participates in, and benefits from ESA capabilities and programs; cooperates with space agencies and commercial space sectors of ESA and EU member states, as well as the US; has a commercial space sector that researches, develops, and produces a variety of space technologies and capabilities, including satellite components, electronics, sensors, and telecommunications (2025)", + "text": "space program focused on building and operating satellites for communications and remote sensing (RS) purposes; researches and develops space-related technologies in a variety of sectors, including agriculture, defense, environmental studies, RS, and telecommunications; has a national space strategy; as a member of the European Space Agency (ESA), it contributes to, participates in, and benefits from ESA capabilities and programs; also participates in EU space programs, such as space situational awareness (SSA); also cooperates bilaterally with space agencies and commercial space sectors of ESA and EU member states, as well as the US; has a commercial space sector that researches, develops, and produces a variety of space technologies and capabilities, including satellite components, electronics, sensors, and telecommunications (2025)", "note": "note: further details about the key activities, programs, and milestones of the country’s space program, as well as government spending estimates on the space sector, appear in the Space Programs reference guide" } }, diff --git a/europe/ic.json b/europe/ic.json index 4085d5cf..3608ed9e 100644 --- a/europe/ic.json +++ b/europe/ic.json @@ -632,6 +632,9 @@ "National color(s)": { "text": "blue, white, red" }, + "National coat of arms": { + "text": "Iceland’s coat of arms is derived from a 13th-century folktale about four guardians who protect the four corners of the nation; the bull protects the northwest, the eagle the northeast, the dragon the southeast, and the rock-giant the southwest; the shield displays the national flag, with red standing for Iceland’s volcanic fires, white for its snow and ice fields, and blue for the ocean" + }, "National anthem(s)": { "title": { "text": "\"Lofsongur\" (Song of Praise)" diff --git a/europe/it.json b/europe/it.json index 369e6e3e..aea89c32 100644 --- a/europe/it.json +++ b/europe/it.json @@ -725,10 +725,10 @@ }, "National heritage": { "total World Heritage Sites": { - "text": "60 (54 cultural, 6 natural)" + "text": "61 (55 cultural, 6 natural)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "Historic Center of Rome (c); Archaeological Areas of Pompeii, Herculaneum, and Torre Annunziata (c); Venice and its Lagoon (c); Historic Center of Florence (c); Piazza del Duomo, Pisa (c); Historic Centre of Naples (c); Portovenere, Cinque Terre, and the Islands (Palmaria, Tino and Tinetto)(c); Mount Etna (n); Cultural landscape of the Benedictine settlements in medieval Italy (c); Church and Dominican Convent of Santa Maria delle Grazie with “The Last Supper” by Leonardo da Vinci (c); City of Vicenza and the Palladian Villas of the Veneto (c); Crespi d'Adda (c); Early Christian Monuments of Ravenna (c); Historic Centre of the City of Pienza (c); Cathedral, Torre Civica and Piazza Grande, Modena (c); Costiera Amalfitana (c); Villa Romana del Casale (c); Archaeological Area and the Patriarchal Basilica of Aquileia (c); Cilento and Vallo di Diano National Park with the Archeological Sites of Paestum and Velia, and the Certosa di Padula (c); Historic Centre of Urbino (c); Villa Adriana (Tivoli) (c); Assisi, the Basilica of San Francesco and Other Franciscan Sites (c); City of Verona (c); Isole Eolie (Aeolian Islands) (n); Etruscan Necropolises of Cerveteri and Tarquinia (c); Val d'Orcia (c); Mantua and Sabbioneta (c); The Dolomites (n); Prehistoric Pile Dwellings around the Alps (c); Medici Villas and Gardens in Tuscany (c); Venetian Works of Defence between the 16th and 17th Centuries: Stato da Terra – Western Stato da Mar (c); Padua’s fourteenth-century fresco cycles (c); The Porticoes of Bologna (c); Evaporitic Karst and Caves of Northern Apennines (n); Via Appia: Regina Viarum (c)" + "text": "Historic Center of Rome (c); Archaeological Areas of Pompeii, Herculaneum, and Torre Annunziata (c); Venice and its Lagoon (c); Historic Center of Florence (c); Piazza del Duomo, Pisa (c); Historic Centre of Naples (c); Portovenere, Cinque Terre, and the Islands (Palmaria, Tino and Tinetto)(c); Mount Etna (n); Cultural landscape of the Benedictine settlements in medieval Italy (c); Church and Dominican Convent of Santa Maria delle Grazie with “The Last Supper” by Leonardo da Vinci (c); City of Vicenza and the Palladian Villas of the Veneto (c); Crespi d'Adda (c); Early Christian Monuments of Ravenna (c); Historic Centre of the City of Pienza (c); Cathedral, Torre Civica and Piazza Grande, Modena (c); Costiera Amalfitana (c); Villa Romana del Casale (c); Archaeological Area and the Patriarchal Basilica of Aquileia (c); Cilento and Vallo di Diano National Park with the Archeological Sites of Paestum and Velia, and the Certosa di Padula (c); Historic Centre of Urbino (c); Villa Adriana (Tivoli) (c); Assisi, the Basilica of San Francesco and Other Franciscan Sites (c); City of Verona (c); Isole Eolie (Aeolian Islands) (n); Etruscan Necropolises of Cerveteri and Tarquinia (c); Val d'Orcia (c); Mantua and Sabbioneta (c); The Dolomites (n); Prehistoric Pile Dwellings around the Alps (c); Medici Villas and Gardens in Tuscany (c); Venetian Works of Defence between the 16th and 17th Centuries: Stato da Terra – Western Stato da Mar (c); Padua’s fourteenth-century fresco cycles (c); The Porticoes of Bologna (c); Evaporitic Karst and Caves of Northern Apennines (n); Via Appia: Regina Viarum (c); Funerary Tradition in the Prehistory of Sardinia – The domus de janas (c)" } } }, diff --git a/europe/lh.json b/europe/lh.json index 80cb309f..29a86cf6 100644 --- a/europe/lh.json +++ b/europe/lh.json @@ -531,7 +531,7 @@ "text": "President Gitanas NAUSEDA (since 12 July 2019)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "Acting Prime Minister Rimantas SADZIUS (since 4 August 2025)" + "text": "Prime Minister Inga RUGINIENE (since 25 September 2025)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Council of Ministers nominated by the prime minister, appointed by the president, approved by Parliament" diff --git a/europe/uk.json b/europe/uk.json index e8b473fe..4977fa6d 100644 --- a/europe/uk.json +++ b/europe/uk.json @@ -1230,7 +1230,7 @@ "text": "Spaceport 1 (Outer Hebrides, Scotland); Spaceport Machrihanish (Argyll, Scotland); Glasgow Prestwick (South Ayrshire, Scotland); Spaceport Snowdonia (Gwynedd, Wales); SaxaVord UK Spaceport (Unst, Shetland Islands); Sutherland Spaceport (Sutherland, Scotland); Sutherland, Scotland (Cornwall Airport Newquay, Cornwall) (2024)" }, "Space program overview": { - "text": "has a long-standing and comprehensive national space program; is active across all areas of the space sector outside of human space flight, including satellite launch vehicles (SLVs)/rockets and their components, space probes, satellites and satellite subcomponents, space sensors, spaceports, and various other space-related capabilities and technologies; is a founding member of the European Space Agency (ESA) and heavily involved in ESA programs, such as the Mars Express space exploration and Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer (JUICE) missions; has bi-lateral relations with many ESA members and is a close partner of the US NASA; since 2016 has forged over 350 relationships with international organizations across nearly 50 countries; participates in international programs such as the International Space Station and the James Webb Space Telescope; has a large commercial space sector involved in the production of SLVs and their components, satellites, satellite subcomponents and sensors, and other space-related technologies; the UK has a space industrial plan, and the UKSA has provided funding to encourage and support commercial space projects (2025)", + "text": "has a long-standing and comprehensive national space program; is active across all areas of the space sector outside of human space flight, including satellite launch vehicles (SLVs)/rockets and their components, space probes, satellites and satellite subcomponents, space sensors, spaceports, and various other space-related capabilities and technologies; is a founding member of the European Space Agency (ESA) and heavily involved in ESA programs; has bi-lateral relations with many ESA members and is a close partner of the US NASA; since 2016 has forged over 350 relationships with international organizations across nearly 50 countries; participates in international programs such as the International Space Station and the James Webb Space Telescope; has a large commercial space sector involved in the production of SLVs and their components, satellites, satellite subcomponents and sensors, and other space-related technologies; the UK has a space industrial plan, and the UKSA has provided funding to encourage and support commercial space projects (2025)", "note": "note: further details about the key activities, programs, and milestones of the country’s space program, as well as government spending estimates on the space sector, appear in the Space Programs reference guide" } }, diff --git a/middle-east/ae.json b/middle-east/ae.json index 6eb13577..ac4fcf89 100644 --- a/middle-east/ae.json +++ b/middle-east/ae.json @@ -686,10 +686,10 @@ }, "National heritage": { "total World Heritage Sites": { - "text": "1 (cultural)" + "text": "2 ( both cultural)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "Cultural Sites of Al Ain (Hafit, Hili, Bidaa Bint Saud, and Oases Areas)" + "text": "Cultural Sites of Al Ain (Hafit, Hili, Bidaa Bint Saud, and Oases Areas); Faya Palaeolandscape (c)" } } }, diff --git a/middle-east/aj.json b/middle-east/aj.json index 59d7acd4..f3efc42f 100644 --- a/middle-east/aj.json +++ b/middle-east/aj.json @@ -1111,7 +1111,7 @@ "text": "information varies widely; estimated 100,000 active Armed Forces personnel (2025)" }, "Military equipment inventories and acquisitions": { - "text": "Baku has been actively upgrading its equipment for over a decade with purchases from Belarus, Israel, Russia, and Turkey; while most of the military's equipment was once Soviet-era material, it now fields quantities of advanced equipment, including armored vehicles, artillery systems, air defense systems, tanks, and UAVs (2024)" + "text": "Baku has been actively upgrading the military's inventory for over a decade with equipment acquisitions from several sources, including Belarus, China, Israel, Russia, and Turkey; while most of the military's equipment was once Soviet-era material, it now fields quantities of advanced equipment, including armored vehicles, artillery systems, air defense systems, fighter aircraft, tanks, and UAVs (2024)" }, "Military service age and obligation": { "text": "18-25 years of age for compulsory military service for men; 18-35 years of age for voluntary/contractual service for men and women; 18 months service for conscripts, 36 months for voluntary/contractual service (2023)" diff --git a/middle-east/ir.json b/middle-east/ir.json index 5e2de585..40c60b0a 100644 --- a/middle-east/ir.json +++ b/middle-east/ir.json @@ -671,10 +671,10 @@ }, "National heritage": { "total World Heritage Sites": { - "text": "28 (26cultural, 2 natural)" + "text": "29 (27 cultural, 2 natural)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "Persepolis (c); Tchogha Zanbil (c); Bam and its Cultural Landscape (c); Golestan Palace (c); Shushtar Historical Hydraulic System (c); Pasargadae (c); Hyrcanian Forests (n); Tabriz Historic Bazaar Complex (c); Meidan Emam, Esfahan (c); Bisotun (c); Takht-e Soleyman (c); Soltaniyeh(c); Bisotun (c); Armenian Monastic Ensembles of Iran(c); Sheikh Safi al-din Khānegāh and Shrine Ensemble in Ardabil (c); The Persian Garden (c); Gonbad-e Qābus (c); Masjed-e Jāmé of Isfahan (c); Shahr-i Sokhta (c); Cultural Landscape of Maymand (c); Susa (c); Lut Desert (n);The Persian Qanat (c); Historic City of Yazd (c); Sassanid Archaeological Landscape of Fars Region (c); Cultural Landscape of Hawraman/Uramanat (c); Trans-Iranian Railway (c); The Persian Caravanserai (c); Hegmataneh (c)" + "text": "Persepolis (c); Tchogha Zanbil (c); Bam and its Cultural Landscape (c); Golestan Palace (c); Shushtar Historical Hydraulic System (c); Pasargadae (c); Hyrcanian Forests (n); Tabriz Historic Bazaar Complex (c); Meidan Emam, Esfahan (c); Bisotun (c); Takht-e Soleyman (c); Soltaniyeh(c); Bisotun (c); Armenian Monastic Ensembles of Iran(c); Sheikh Safi al-din Khānegāh and Shrine Ensemble in Ardabil (c); The Persian Garden (c); Gonbad-e Qābus (c); Masjed-e Jāmé of Isfahan (c); Shahr-i Sokhta (c); Cultural Landscape of Maymand (c); Susa (c); Lut Desert (n);The Persian Qanat (c); Historic City of Yazd (c); Sassanid Archaeological Landscape of Fars Region (c); Cultural Landscape of Hawraman/Uramanat (c); Trans-Iranian Railway (c); The Persian Caravanserai (c); Hegmataneh (c); Prehistoric Sites of the Khorramabad Valley (c)" } } }, diff --git a/middle-east/tu.json b/middle-east/tu.json index 299822c7..aa3ca6c3 100644 --- a/middle-east/tu.json +++ b/middle-east/tu.json @@ -702,10 +702,10 @@ }, "National heritage": { "total World Heritage Sites": { - "text": "21 (19 cultural, 2 mixed)" + "text": "22 (20 cultural, 2 mixed)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "Archaeological Site of Troy (c); Ephesus (c); Diyarbakır Fortress and Hevsel Gardens Cultural Landscape (c); Hierapolis-Pamukkale (m); Göreme National Park and the Rock Sites of Cappadocia (m); Göbekli Tepe (c); Historic Areas of Istanbul (c); Selimiye Mosque and its Social Complex (c); Neolithic Site of Çatalhöyük (c); Bursa and Cumalıkızık: the Birth of the Ottoman Empire (c); Gordion (c); Great Mosque and Hospital of Divriği (c); Hattusha: the Hittite Capital (c); Nemrut Dağ (c);  Xanthos-Letoon (c); City of Safranbolu (c); Pergamon and its Multi-Layered Cultural Landscape (c); Archaeological Site of Ani (c); Aphrodisias (c); Arslantepe Mound (c); Wooden Hypostyle Mosques of Medieval Anatolia (c); Turkmenistan (c)" + "text": "Archaeological Site of Troy (c); Ephesus (c); Diyarbakır Fortress and Hevsel Gardens Cultural Landscape (c); Hierapolis-Pamukkale (m); Göreme National Park and the Rock Sites of Cappadocia (m); Göbekli Tepe (c); Historic Areas of Istanbul (c); Selimiye Mosque and its Social Complex (c); Neolithic Site of Çatalhöyük (c); Bursa and Cumalıkızık: the Birth of the Ottoman Empire (c); Gordion (c); Great Mosque and Hospital of Divriği (c); Hattusha: the Hittite Capital (c); Nemrut Dağ (c);  Xanthos-Letoon (c); City of Safranbolu (c); Pergamon and its Multi-Layered Cultural Landscape (c); Archaeological Site of Ani (c); Aphrodisias (c); Arslantepe Mound (c); Wooden Hypostyle Mosques of Medieval Anatolia (c); Turkmenistan (c); Sardis and the Lydian Tumuli of Bin Tepe (c)" } } }, diff --git a/north-america/mx.json b/north-america/mx.json index 50128bac..3b03e2dd 100644 --- a/north-america/mx.json +++ b/north-america/mx.json @@ -497,7 +497,7 @@ "text": "7.953 billion cubic meters (2022)" }, "agricultural": { - "text": "68,523,000,000 cubic meters (2022)" + "text": "68.523 billion cubic meters (2022)" } }, "Total renewable water resources": { @@ -774,10 +774,10 @@ }, "National heritage": { "total World Heritage Sites": { - "text": "35 (27 cultural, 6 natural, 2 mixed)" + "text": "36 (28 cultural, 6 natural, 2 mixed)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "Historic Mexico City (c); Earliest 16th-Century Monasteries on the Slopes of Popocatepetl (c); Teotihuacan (c); Whale Sanctuary of El Vizcaino (n); Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve (n); Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Valley (m); Historic Puebla (c); El Tajin (c); Historic Tlacotalpan (c); Historic Oaxaca and Monte Albán (c); Palenque (c); Chichen-Itza (c); Uxmal (c)" + "text": "Historic Mexico City (c); Earliest 16th-Century Monasteries on the Slopes of Popocatepetl (c); Teotihuacan (c); Whale Sanctuary of El Vizcaino (n); Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve (n); Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Valley (m); Historic Puebla (c); El Tajin (c); Historic Tlacotalpan (c); Historic Oaxaca and Monte Albán (c); Palenque (c); Chichen-Itza (c); Uxmal (c); Wixárika Route through Sacred Sites to Wirikuta (Tatehuarí Huajuyé) (c)" } } }, diff --git a/north-america/us.json b/north-america/us.json index f532a5a4..91d2e5b8 100644 --- a/north-america/us.json +++ b/north-america/us.json @@ -1193,19 +1193,19 @@ "text": "the US has more than 200,000 air, ground, and naval personnel deployed overseas on a permanent or a long-term rotational (typically 3-9 months) basis; key areas of deployment include approximately 5,000 in Africa, approximately 80,000 in Europe, approximately 10-15,000 in Southwest Asia, and more than 80,000 in East Asia (2024)" }, "Military - note": { - "text": "the US military's primary missions are to deter potential enemies, provide for the defense of the US, its Territories, Commonwealths and possessions, and any areas occupied by the US, and to protect US national interests; its responsibilities are worldwide and include providing humanitarian assistance, participating in international military exercises and operations, conducting military diplomacy, and fulfilling the US's alliance and treaty commitments; the US has been a leading member of NATO since the Alliance's formation in 1949; the military has a global presence; the separate services operate jointly under 11 regional- or functionally-based joint service \"combatant\" commands: Africa Command; Central Command, Cyber Command, European Command, Indo-Pacific Command, Northern Command, Southern Command, Space Command, Special Operations Command, Strategic Command, and Transportation Command

Congress officially created the US military in September 1789; the US Army was established in June 1775 as the Continental Army; after the declaration of independence in July 1776, the Continental Army and the militia in the service of Congress became known collectively as the Army of the United States; when Congress ordered the Continental Army to disband in 1784, it retained a small number of personnel that would form the nucleus of the 1st American Regiment for national service formed later that year; both the US Navy and the US Marines were also established in 1775, but the Navy fell into disuse after the Revolutionary War, and was reestablished by Congress in 1794; the first US military unit devoted exclusively to aviation began operations in 1913 as part of the US Army; the Army Air Corps (AAC) was the US military service dedicated to aerial warfare between 1926 and 1941; the AAC became the US Army Air Forces in 1941 and remained as a combat arm of the Army until the establishment of the US Air Force in 1947 (2025)" + "text": "the US military's primary missions are to deter potential enemies, provide for the defense of the US, its Territories, Commonwealths and possessions, and any areas occupied by the US, and to protect US national interests; its responsibilities are worldwide and include providing humanitarian assistance, participating in international military exercises and operations, conducting military diplomacy, and fulfilling the US's alliance and treaty commitments; the US has been a leading member of NATO since the Alliance's formation in 1949

the US military has a global presence; the separate services operate jointly under 11 regional or functionally based joint service \"combatant\" commands: Africa Command; Central Command, Cyber Command, European Command, Indo-Pacific Command, Northern Command, Southern Command, Space Command, Special Operations Command, Strategic Command, and Transportation Command

Congress officially created the US military in September 1789; the US Army was established in June 1775 as the Continental Army; after the declaration of independence in July 1776, the Continental Army and the militia in the service of Congress became known collectively as the Army of the United States; when Congress ordered the Continental Army to disband in 1784, it retained a small number of personnel that would form the nucleus of the 1st American Regiment for national service formed later that year; both the US Navy and the US Marines were also established in 1775, but the Navy fell into disuse after the Revolutionary War, and was reestablished by Congress in 1794; the first US military unit devoted exclusively to aviation began operations in 1913 as part of the US Army; the Army Air Corps (AAC) was the US military service dedicated to aerial warfare between 1926 and 1941; the AAC became the US Army Air Forces in 1941 and remained as a combat arm of the Army until the establishment of the US Air Force in 1947 (2025)" } }, "Space": { "Space agency/agencies": { - "text": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA; established 1958); National Reconnaissance Office (NRO; established in 1961 and responsible for designing, building, launching, and maintaining intelligence satellites); US Space Command (USSPACECOM; established in 2019 and responsible for military operations in outer space, specifically all operations over 100 kilometers or 62 miles above mean sea level) (2024)", - "note": "note: USSPACECOM was originally created in 1985 but was deactivated in 2002 and its duties were transferred to US Strategic Command" + "text": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA; established 1958) (2025)", + "note": "note: the National Reconnaissance Office (NRO; established in 1961) is responsible for designing, building, launching, and maintaining intelligence satellites; the US Space Command (USSPACECOM; established in 2019) is one of 11 unified combatant commands within the Department of Defense and is responsible for military operations in outer space, specifically all operations over 100 kilometers or 62 miles above mean sea level); the US Space Force (USSF; established 2019) is a branch of the US Armed Forces" }, "Space launch site(s)": { - "text": "has 20 commercial, government, and private space ports hosting Federal Aviation Administration-licensed activity spread across 10 states (Alabama, Alaska, California, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas, and Virginia) (2024)" + "text": "has 20 government and commercial spaceports licensed by the Federal Aviation Administration spread across 10 states (Alabama, Alaska, California, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas, and Virginia) (2025)" }, "Space program overview": { - "text": "has a large and comprehensive space program and is one of the world’s top space powers; builds, launches, and operates space launch vehicles (SLVs)/rockets and the full spectrum of spacecraft, including interplanetary probes, manned craft, reusable rockets, satellites, space stations, and space planes; has an astronaut program and a large corps of astronauts; researching and developing a broad range of other space-related technologies, such as advanced telecommunications and optics, navigational aids, propulsion, robotics, solar sails, space-based manufacturing, and robotic satellite repair/refueling; has launched orbital or lander probes to the Sun and all planets in the solar system, as well as to asteroids and beyond the solar system; has dozens of international missions and projects, including with Canada, Japan, Russia, South Korea, and the European Space Agency (ESA); as of May 2025, 55 countries had signed onto the US-led Artemis Accords to enhance the governance of civil exploration and use of outer space, with the intention of advancing the Artemis Program, an international effort to establish a sustainable and robust presence on the Moon and an onward human mission to Mars; the US commercial space industry is one of the world’s largest and most capable and is active across the spectrum of US government space programs; US commercial companies conduct the majority of NASA and US military space launches (2025)", + "text": "has a large and comprehensive space program and is one of the world’s top space powers; builds, launches, and operates space launch vehicles (SLVs)/rockets and the full spectrum of spacecraft, including interplanetary probes, manned craft, reusable rockets, satellites, space stations, and space planes; has an astronaut program and a corps of astronauts; researching and developing a broad range of other space-related technologies, such as advanced telecommunications and optics, navigational aids, propulsion, robotics, solar sails, and space-based manufacturing, repair, and refueling; has launched orbital or lander probes to the Sun and all the planets in the solar system, as well as to asteroids and beyond the solar system; has dozens of international missions and projects, including with Canada, Japan, Russia, South Korea, and the European Space Agency (ESA); as of October 2025, nearly 60 countries had signed onto the US-led Artemis Accords to enhance the governance of civil exploration and use of outer space, with the intention of advancing the Artemis Program, an international effort to establish a sustainable presence on the Moon and an onward human mission to Mars; the US commercial space industry is one of the world’s largest and most capable and is active across the spectrum of US government space programs; US commercial companies conduct the majority of NASA and US military space launches (2025)", "note": "note: further details about the key activities, programs, and milestones of the country’s space program, as well as government spending estimates on the space sector, appear in the Space Programs reference guide" } }, diff --git a/south-america/ar.json b/south-america/ar.json index 86f15827..19685864 100644 --- a/south-america/ar.json +++ b/south-america/ar.json @@ -1225,13 +1225,14 @@ }, "Space": { "Space agency/agencies": { - "text": "Argentina National Space Activities Commission (Comision Nacional de Actividades Espaciales, CONAE; formed in 1991); CONAE’s predecessor was the National Commission for Space Research (Comisión Nacional de Investigaciones Espaciales, CNIE; formed in 1960) (2025)" + "text": "Argentina National Space Activities Commission (Comision Nacional de Actividades Espaciales, CONAE; formed in 1991) (2025)", + "note": "note: CONAE’s predecessor was the National Commission for Space Research (Comisión Nacional de Investigaciones Espaciales, CNIE; formed in 1960)" }, "Space launch site(s)": { "text": "Manuel Belgrano Space Center (Buenos Aires province); Punta Indio Space Center (Buenos Aires province); Teofilo Tabanera Space Center (CETT; Cordoba Province; testing/mission control) (2025)" }, "Space program overview": { - "text": "has a long history in the development of space-related capabilities, including rockets and satellites; develops, builds, and operates communications, remote sensing (RS), and scientific satellites, often in partnership with other countries; developing additional satellites with more advanced payloads; has a national space plan; contracts with commercial and other government space agencies for launches but has a domestic rocket program and is developing space launch vehicle (SLV) capabilities; cooperates with a broad range of space agencies and industries, including those of Brazil, China, the European Space Agency and its member states (particularly France, Italy), and the US; also has a commercial space industry, which includes efforts to design, build, and launch reusable SLVs (2025)", + "text": "has a national space program and a history in the development of space-related capabilities, including rockets and satellites; develops, builds, and operates communications, remote sensing (RS), and scientific satellites, often in partnership with other countries; developing additional satellites with more advanced payloads; contracts with commercial and other government space agencies for launches but has a domestic rocket program and is developing space launch vehicle (SLV) capabilities; cooperates with a broad range of space agencies and industries, including those of Brazil, China, the European Space Agency and its member states (particularly France, Italy), and the US; also has a commercial space industry, which includes efforts to design, build, and launch reusable SLVs (2025)", "note": "note: further details about the key activities, programs, and milestones of the country’s space program, as well as government spending estimates on the space sector, appear in the Space Programs reference guide" } }, diff --git a/south-america/bl.json b/south-america/bl.json index f3b7cf30..5ee20a4f 100644 --- a/south-america/bl.json +++ b/south-america/bl.json @@ -554,10 +554,10 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Luis Alberto ARCE Catacora (since 8 November 2020)" + "text": "President Rodrigo PAZ Pereira (since 8 November 2025)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "President Luis Alberto ARCE Catacora (since 8 November 2020)" + "text": "President Rodrigo PAZ Pereira (since 8 November 2025)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Cabinet appointed by the president" @@ -569,12 +569,12 @@ "text": "17 August 2025" }, "election results": { - "text": "
2025: First round election results: percent of vote - Rodrigo PAZ Pereira (PDC) 32.1%, Jorge Fernando QUIROGA Ramírez (LIBRE) 26.7%, Samuel DORIA MEDINA Auza (UN) 19.7%, Andrónico RODRÌGUEZ Ledezma (AP) 8.5%, Manfred REYES Villa (APB Súmate) 6.8%, Eduardo DEL CASTILLO (MAS) 3.2%, other 3%; note - PAZ and QUIROGA advance to a run-off election set for 19 October 2025

2020: Luis Alberto ARCE Catacora elected president; percent of vote - Luis Alberto ARCE Catacora (MAS) 55.1%; Carlos Diego MESA Gisbert (CC) 28.8%; Luis Fernando CAMACHO Vaca (Creemos) 14%; other 2.1%

2019: Juan Evo MORALES Ayma reelected president; percent of vote - Juan Evo MORALES Ayma (MAS) 61%; Samuel DORIA MEDINA Arana (UN) 24.5%; Jorge QUIROGA Ramirez (POC) 9.1%; other 5.4%" + "text": "
2025: Rodrigo PAZ Pereira elected president in second round; percent vote in first round - Rodrigo PAZ Pereira (PDC) 32.1%, Jorge Fernando QUIROGA Ramírez (LIBRE) 26.7%, Samuel DORIA MEDINA Auza (UN) 19.7%, Andrónico RODRÌGUEZ Ledezma (AP) 8.5%, Manfred REYES Villa (APB Súmate) 6.8%, Eduardo DEL CASTILLO (MAS) 3.2%, other 3%; percent of vote in second round - Rodrigo PAZ Pereira 55%, Jorge Fernando QUIROGA Ramírez 45%

2020: Luis Alberto ARCE Catacora elected president; percent of vote - Luis Alberto ARCE Catacora (MAS) 55.1%; Carlos Diego MESA Gisbert (CC) 28.8%; Luis Fernando CAMACHO Vaca (Creemos) 14%; other 2.1%

2019: Juan Evo MORALES Ayma reelected president; percent of vote - Juan Evo MORALES Ayma (MAS) 61%; Samuel DORIA MEDINA Arana (UN) 24.5%; Jorge QUIROGA Ramirez (POC) 9.1%; other 5.4%" }, "expected date of next election": { "text": "2030" }, - "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government

note: elections were held in successive years in 2019 and 2020 because Juan Evo MORALES resigned from office on 10 November 2019 over alleged election rigging; Jeanine ANEZ Chavez served as interim president until the 8 November 2020 inauguration of Luis Alberto ARCE Catacora, who won the 18 October 2020 presidential election" + "note": "note: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { "legislature name": { diff --git a/south-america/br.json b/south-america/br.json index 4073dcae..0ba1dcab 100644 --- a/south-america/br.json +++ b/south-america/br.json @@ -753,10 +753,10 @@ }, "National heritage": { "total World Heritage Sites": { - "text": "24 (15 cultural, 8 natural, 1 mixed)" + "text": "24 (15 cultural, 9 natural, 1 mixed)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "

Brasilia (c); Historic Salvador de Bahia (c); Historic Ouro Preto (c); Historic Center of the Town of Olinda (c); Iguaçu National Park (n); Jesuit Missions of the Guaranis (c); Rio de Janeiro: Carioca Landscapes (c); Central Amazon Conservation Complex (n); Atlantic Forest South-East Reserves (n); Historic Center of Salvador de Bahia (c); Sanctuary of Bom Jesus do Congonhas  (c ); Brasilia (c ); Serra da Capivara National Park (c ); Historic Center of Sao Luis( c); Discovery Coast Atlantic Forest Reserves  (n); Historic Center of the Town of Diamantina (c ); Pantanal Conservation Area (n); Brazilian Atlantic Islands: Fernando de Noronha and Atol das Rocas Reserves (n); Cerrado Protected Areas: Chapada dos Veadeiros and Emas National Parks (n); Historic Centre of the Town of Goiás  (c); São Francisco Square in the Town of São Cristóvão (c ); Rio de Janeiro: Carioca Landscapes between the Mountain and the Sea (c ); Pampulha Modern Ensemble (c ); Valongo Wharf Archaeological Site (c ); Paraty and Ilha Grande – Culture and Biodiversity (m); Sítio Roberto Burle Marx (c ); Lençóis Maranhenses National Park (n)

" + "text": "

Brasilia (c); Historic Salvador de Bahia (c); Historic Ouro Preto (c); Historic Center of the Town of Olinda (c); Iguaçu National Park (n); Jesuit Missions of the Guaranis (c); Rio de Janeiro: Carioca Landscapes (c); Central Amazon Conservation Complex (n); Atlantic Forest South-East Reserves (n); Historic Center of Salvador de Bahia (c); Sanctuary of Bom Jesus do Congonhas  (c ); Brasilia (c ); Serra da Capivara National Park (c ); Historic Center of Sao Luis( c); Discovery Coast Atlantic Forest Reserves  (n); Historic Center of the Town of Diamantina (c ); Pantanal Conservation Area (n); Brazilian Atlantic Islands: Fernando de Noronha and Atol das Rocas Reserves (n); Cerrado Protected Areas: Chapada dos Veadeiros and Emas National Parks (n); Historic Centre of the Town of Goiás  (c); São Francisco Square in the Town of São Cristóvão (c ); Rio de Janeiro: Carioca Landscapes between the Mountain and the Sea (c ); Pampulha Modern Ensemble (c ); Valongo Wharf Archaeological Site (c ); Paraty and Ilha Grande – Culture and Biodiversity (m); Sítio Roberto Burle Marx (c ); Lençóis Maranhenses National Park (n);Peruaçu River Canyon (n) 

" } } }, diff --git a/south-america/ci.json b/south-america/ci.json index 0542502c..cb58a7b0 100644 --- a/south-america/ci.json +++ b/south-america/ci.json @@ -1215,7 +1215,7 @@ "text": "the Chilean Space Agency was established in 2001 and dissolved in 2014, at which time the space program became part of the Ministry of Defense; the Ministry of Science also participates in Chile’s space program (2025)" }, "Space program overview": { - "text": "space program focused on the acquisition and operation of satellites; operates foreign-built satellites and satellite ground stations; building small remote sensing (RS) satellites; researching and developing additional capabilities and technologies for the production of satellites and satellite sub-systems; is a world leader in astronomy and astrophysics; the Atacama Desert is home to more than a dozen astronomical observatories, including the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, the Las Campanas Observatory, and the European Southern Observatory; Chile is also home to several astronomy institutes; has established relations with space agencies and industries of Canada, China, France, India, Israel, Mexico, Russia, the UK, and the US (2025)", + "text": "space program focused on the acquisition and operation of satellites; building small remote sensing satellites; developing additional capabilities and technologies for the production of satellites and satellite sub-systems; is a world leader in astronomy and astrophysics; Chile has several astronomy institutes, and the Atacama Desert is home to more than a dozen astronomical observatories, including the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, the Las Campanas Observatory, and the European Southern Observatory; has established relations with space agencies and industries of Canada, China, France, India, Israel, Mexico, Russia, the UK, and the US (2025)", "note": "note: further details about the key activities, programs, and milestones of the country’s space program, as well as government spending estimates on the space sector, appear in the Space Programs reference guide" } }, diff --git a/south-america/co.json b/south-america/co.json index 1b87f874..c0488bfa 100644 --- a/south-america/co.json +++ b/south-america/co.json @@ -1240,7 +1240,8 @@ }, "Space": { "Space agency/agencies": { - "text": "Colombian Space Commission (Comision Colombiana Del Espacio, CCE; established 2006); Air and Space Operations Command (Colombian military); note – the Colombian Space Agency (Agencia Espacial Del Colombia, AEC) is a private, non-profit agency established in 2017 (2025)" + "text": "Colombian Space Commission (Comision Colombiana Del Espacio, CCE; established 2006) (2025)", + "note": "note 1: the Colombian military has an Air and Space Operations Command

note 2: the Colombian Space Agency (Agencia Espacial Del Colombia, AEC) is a private, non-profit agency established in 2017" }, "Space program overview": { "text": "has a small program focused on acquiring satellites, particularly remote sensing (RS) satellites; operates satellites and produces nanosatellites; researches other space technologies, including astronautics, satellite navigation, and telecommunications; has relations with a variety of foreign space agencies or commercial space industries, including those of Denmark, India, Russia, Sweden, the US, and some members of the Latin American and Caribbean Space Agency (ALCE) (2025)", diff --git a/south-america/pe.json b/south-america/pe.json index b43a8c4b..f33ca87d 100644 --- a/south-america/pe.json +++ b/south-america/pe.json @@ -573,10 +573,10 @@ }, "Executive branch": { "chief of state": { - "text": "President Dina Ercilia BOLUARTE Zegarra (since 7 December 2022)" + "text": "President José Enrique JERÍ Oré (since 10 October 2025)" }, "head of government": { - "text": "President Dina Ercilia BOLUARTE Zegarra (since 7 December 2022)" + "text": "President José Enrique JERÍ Oré (since 10 October 2025)" }, "cabinet": { "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the president" @@ -593,7 +593,7 @@ "expected date of next election": { "text": "12 April 2026" }, - "note": "note 1: First Vice President Dina Ercilia BOLUARTE Zegarra assumed the office of the president on 7 December 2022 after President Jose Pedro CASTILLO Terrones was impeached and arrested; BOLUARTE is the first woman to become president of Peru

note 2: Prime Minister Eduardo ARANA Ysa (since 14 May 2025) does not exercise executive power; this power rests with the president; on 13 May 2025, Prime Minister Gustavo ADRIANZÉN resigned ahead of a censure vote

note 3: the president is both chief of state and head of government" + "note": "note 1: First Vice President Dina Ercilia BOLUARTE Zegarra assumed the office of the president on 7 December 2022 after President Jose Pedro CASTILLO Terrones was impeached and arrested; on 10 October 2025, the president of the Congress, José Enrique JERÍ Oré, was sworn in as the new president after Congress overwhelmingly voted to remove BOLUARTE from office

note 2: Prime Minister Ernesto ÁLVAREZ (since 14 October 2025) does not exercise executive power; this power rests with the president

note 3: the president is both chief of state and head of government" }, "Legislative branch": { "legislature name": { diff --git a/south-america/ve.json b/south-america/ve.json index e62edda6..a1fb0eb5 100644 --- a/south-america/ve.json +++ b/south-america/ve.json @@ -1026,10 +1026,11 @@ }, "Space": { "Space agency/agencies": { - "text": "Bolivarian Agency for Space Activities (Agencia Bolivariana para Actividades Espaciales, ABAE; formed 2007); ABAE was originally known as the Venezuelan Space Center (CEV; created 2005); the ABAE is under the Ministry of Science, Technology, and Innovation (2024)" + "text": "Bolivarian Agency for Space Activities (Agencia Bolivariana para Actividades Espaciales, ABAE; formed 2007) (2025)", + "note": "note: the ABAE is under the Ministry of Science, Technology, and Innovation; it was originally known as the Venezuelan Space Center (CEV; created 2005)" }, "Space program overview": { - "text": "has a small program primarily focused on the acquisition of satellites and developing the country’s space engineering and sciences capabilities; operates satellites and maintains two satellite ground control stations; has relations with the space programs of China and Russia (2024)", + "text": "has a small national program primarily focused on the acquisition of satellites and stimulating the country’s science and technological capabilities; operates satellites and maintains two satellite ground control stations; participates in multinational space organizations, such as the Latin American and Caribbean Space Agency; closest bilateral partners are China and Russia; also has bilateral framework agreements for space cooperation with Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, the US, and Uruguay (2025)", "note": "note: further details about the key activities, programs, and milestones of the country’s space program, as well as government spending estimates on the space sector, appear in the Space Programs reference guide" } }, diff --git a/south-asia/in.json b/south-asia/in.json index 197deae2..3678060f 100644 --- a/south-asia/in.json +++ b/south-asia/in.json @@ -744,10 +744,10 @@ }, "National heritage": { "total World Heritage Sites": { - "text": "43 (35 cultural, 7 natural, 1 mixed)" + "text": "44 (36 cultural, 7 natural, 1 mixed)" }, "selected World Heritage Site locales": { - "text": "

Taj Mahal (c); Agra Fort (c); Elphanta Caves (c); Hill Forts of Rajasthan (c); Sundarbans National Park (n); Rock Shelters of Bhimbetka (c); Champaner-Pavagadh Archaeological Park (c); Jaipur (c); Mahabodhi Temple Complex at Bodh Gaya (c); Manas Wildlife Sanctuary (n); Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers National Parks (n); Khangchendzonga National Park (m); Group of Monuments at Mahabalipuram (c); Sun Temple, Konârak (c); Kaziranga National Park (n); Churches and Convents of Goa (c); Great Living Chola Temples (c); Group of Monuments at Pattadakal (c); Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi (c); Humayun's Tomb, Delhi (c); Qutb Minar and its Monuments, Delhi (c); Great Himalayan National Park Conservation Area (n); Rani-ki-Vav (the Queen’s Stepwell) at Patan, Gujarat (c); Archaeological Site of Nalanda Mahavihara at Nalanda, Bihar (c); Historic City of Ahmadabad (c); Victorian Gothic and Art Deco Ensembles of Mumbai (c); Jaipur City, Rajasthan (c); Kakatiya Rudreshwara (Ramappa) Temple, Telangana (c); Moidams – the Mound-Burial System of the Ahom Dynasty (c)

" + "text": "

Taj Mahal (c); Agra Fort (c); Elphanta Caves (c); Hill Forts of Rajasthan (c); Sundarbans National Park (n); Rock Shelters of Bhimbetka (c); Champaner-Pavagadh Archaeological Park (c); Jaipur (c); Mahabodhi Temple Complex at Bodh Gaya (c); Manas Wildlife Sanctuary (n); Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers National Parks (n); Khangchendzonga National Park (m); Group of Monuments at Mahabalipuram (c); Sun Temple, Konârak (c); Kaziranga National Park (n); Churches and Convents of Goa (c); Great Living Chola Temples (c); Group of Monuments at Pattadakal (c); Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi (c); Humayun's Tomb, Delhi (c); Qutb Minar and its Monuments, Delhi (c); Great Himalayan National Park Conservation Area (n); Rani-ki-Vav (the Queen’s Stepwell) at Patan, Gujarat (c); Archaeological Site of Nalanda Mahavihara at Nalanda, Bihar (c); Historic City of Ahmadabad (c); Victorian Gothic and Art Deco Ensembles of Mumbai (c); Jaipur City, Rajasthan (c); Kakatiya Rudreshwara (Ramappa) Temple, Telangana (c); Moidams – the Mound-Burial System of the Ahom Dynasty (c); Maratha Military Landscapes of India (c) 

" } } },