auto-update week 30

africa/ag.json

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 {
   "Introduction": {
     "Background": {
-      "text": "<p>Algeria has known many empires and dynasties starting with the ancient Numidians (3rd century B.C.), Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Romans, Vandals, Byzantines, over a dozen different Arab and Berber dynasties, Spaniards, and Ottoman Turks. It was under the latter that the Barbary pirates operated from North Africa and preyed on shipping beginning in roughly 1500, peaking in the early to mid-17th century, until finally subdued by the French capture of Algiers in 1830. The French southward conquest of the entirety of Algeria proceeded throughout the 19th century and was marked by many atrocities. The country was heavily colonized by the French in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. A bloody eight-year struggle culminated in Algerian independence in 1962. <br /><br />Algeria's primary political party, the National Liberation Front (FLN), was established in 1954 as part of the struggle for independence and has since largely dominated politics. The Government of Algeria in 1988 instituted a multi-party system in response to public unrest, but the surprising first round success of the Islamic Salvation Front (FIS) in the December 1991 legislative elections led the Algerian army to intervene and postpone the second round of elections to prevent what the secular elite feared would be an extremist-led government from assuming power. The army began a crackdown on the FIS that spurred FIS supporters to begin attacking government targets. Fighting escalated into an insurgency, which saw intense violence from 1992-98, resulting in over 100,000 deaths - many attributed to indiscriminate massacres of villagers by extremists. The government gained the upper hand by the late-1990s, and FIS's armed wing, the Islamic Salvation Army, disbanded in January 2000.</p> <p>Abdelaziz BOUTEFLIKA, with the backing of the military, won the presidency in 1999 in an election that was boycotted by several candidates protesting alleged fraud, and won subsequent elections in 2004, 2009, and 2014. The government in 2011 introduced some political reforms in response to the Arab Spring, including lifting the 19-year-old state of emergency restrictions and increasing women's quotas for elected assemblies, while also increasing subsidies to the populace. Since 2014, Algeria&rsquo;s reliance on hydrocarbon revenues to fund the government and finance the large subsidies for the population has fallen under stress because of declining oil prices. Protests broke out across the country in late February 2019 against President BOUTEFLIKA&rsquo;s decision to seek a fifth term. BOUTEFLIKA resigned on 2 April 2019, and the speaker of the upper house of parliament, Abdelkader BENSALAH, became interim head of state on 9 April. BENSALAH remained in office beyond the 90-day constitutional limit until Algerians elected former Prime Minister Abdelmadjid TEBBOUNE as the country's new president in December 2019.</p>"
+      "text": "<p>Algeria has known many empires and dynasties starting with the ancient Numidians (3rd century B.C.), Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Romans, Vandals, Byzantines, over a dozen different Arab and Berber dynasties, Spaniards, and Ottoman Turks. It was under the latter that the Barbary pirates operated from North Africa and preyed on shipping beginning in roughly 1500, peaking in the early to mid-17th century, until finally subdued by the French capture of Algiers in 1830. The French southward conquest of the entirety of Algeria proceeded throughout the 19th century and was marked by many atrocities. The country was heavily colonized by the French in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. A bloody eight-year struggle culminated in Algerian independence in 1962. <br><br>Algeria's primary political party, the National Liberation Front (FLN), was established in 1954 as part of the struggle for independence and has since largely dominated politics. The Government of Algeria in 1988 instituted a multi-party system in response to public unrest, but the surprising first round success of the Islamic Salvation Front (FIS) in the December 1991 legislative elections led the Algerian army to intervene and postpone the second round of elections to prevent what the secular elite feared would be an extremist-led government from assuming power. The army began a crackdown on the FIS that spurred FIS supporters to begin attacking government targets. Fighting escalated into an insurgency, which saw intense violence from 1992-98, resulting in over 100,000 deaths - many attributed to indiscriminate massacres of villagers by extremists. The government gained the upper hand by the late-1990s, and FIS's armed wing, the Islamic Salvation Army, disbanded in January 2000.</p> <p>Abdelaziz BOUTEFLIKA, with the backing of the military, won the presidency in 1999 in an election that was boycotted by several candidates protesting alleged fraud, and won subsequent elections in 2004, 2009, and 2014. The government in 2011 introduced some political reforms in response to the Arab Spring, including lifting the 19-year-old state of emergency restrictions and increasing women's quotas for elected assemblies, while also increasing subsidies to the populace. Since 2014, Algeria’s reliance on hydrocarbon revenues to fund the government and finance the large subsidies for the population has fallen under stress because of declining oil prices. Protests broke out across the country in late February 2019 against President BOUTEFLIKA’s decision to seek a fifth term. BOUTEFLIKA resigned on 2 April 2019, and the speaker of the upper house of parliament, Abdelkader BENSALAH, became interim head of state on 9 April. BENSALAH remained in office beyond the 90-day constitutional limit until Algerians elected former Prime Minister Abdelmadjid TEBBOUNE as the country's new president in December 2019.</p>"
     }
   },
   "Geography": {
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@
       "text": "13,600 sq km (2014)"
     },
     "Population distribution": {
-      "text": "the vast majority of the populace is found in the extreme northern part of the country along the Mediterranean Coast as shown in this <a href=\"../attachments/images/original/ALGERIA_Population_density.jpg?1554224291\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">population distribution map</a>"
+      "text": "the vast majority of the populace is found in the extreme northern part of the country along the Mediterranean Coast as shown in this population distribution map"
     },
     "Natural hazards": {
       "text": "mountainous areas subject to severe earthquakes; mudslides and floods in rainy season; droughts"
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@
         "text": "Arabic (official), French (lingua franca), Berber or Tamazight (official); dialects include Kabyle Berber (Taqbaylit), Shawiya Berber (Tacawit), Mzab Berber, Tuareg Berber (Tamahaq)"
       },
       "printed major-language sample": {
-        "text": "<br />كتاب حقائق العالم، المصدر الذي لا يمكن الاستغناء عنه للمعلومات الأساسية (Arabic)<br /><br />The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information."
+        "text": "<br>كتاب حقائق العالم، المصدر الذي لا يمكن الاستغناء عنه للمعلومات الأساسية (Arabic)<br><br>The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information."
       }
     },
     "Religions": {
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@
       "text": "-0.84 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2021 est.)"
     },
     "Population distribution": {
-      "text": "the vast majority of the populace is found in the extreme northern part of the country along the Mediterranean Coast as shown in this <a href=\"../attachments/images/original/ALGERIA_Population_density.jpg?1554224291\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">population distribution map</a>"
+      "text": "the vast majority of the populace is found in the extreme northern part of the country along the Mediterranean Coast as shown in this population distribution map"
     },
     "Urbanization": {
       "urban population": {
@@ -305,13 +305,13 @@
       }
     },
     "HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate": {
-      "text": "<.1% (2019 est.)"
+      "text": "<.1% (2020 est.)"
     },
     "HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS": {
-      "text": "22,000 (2019 est.)"
+      "text": "18,000 (2020 est.)"
     },
     "HIV/AIDS - deaths": {
-      "text": "<200 (2019 est.)"
+      "text": "<200 (2020 est.)"
     },
     "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
       "text": "27.4% (2016)"
@@ -527,7 +527,7 @@
         "text": "President Abdelmadjid TEBBOUNE (since 12 December 2019)"
       },
       "head of government": {
-        "text": "Prime Minister Ayman BENABDERRAHMANE (since 7 July 2021); note - President TEBBOUNE appointed BENABDERRAHMANE as prime minister following the resignation of Prime Minister Abdelaziz DJERAD on 24 June <h1>&nbsp;</h1> <h1>&nbsp;</h1> Abdelaziz DJERAD (since 28 December 2019)"
+        "text": "Prime Minister Ayman BENABDERRAHMANE (since 7 July 2021); note - President TEBBOUNE appointed BENABDERRAHMANE as prime minister following the resignation of Prime Minister Abdelaziz DJERAD on 24 June <h1> </h1> <h1> </h1> Abdelaziz DJERAD (since 28 December 2019)"
       },
       "cabinet": {
         "text": "Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president"
@@ -541,13 +541,13 @@
     },
     "Legislative branch": {
       "description": {
-        "text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br />Council of the Nation (upper house with 144 seats; one-third of members appointed by the president, two-thirds indirectly elected by simple majority vote by an electoral college composed of local council members; members serve 6-year terms with one-half of the membership renewed every 3 years)<br />National People's Assembly (lower house with 407 seats including 8 seats for Algerian diaspora); members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by open-list proportional representation vote to serve 5-year terms); note - in March 2021, President TEBBOUNE ordered the number of Assembly seats be reduced to 407 from 462"
+        "text": "bicameral Parliament consists of:<br>Council of the Nation (upper house with 144 seats; one-third of members appointed by the president, two-thirds indirectly elected by simple majority vote by an electoral college composed of local council members; members serve 6-year terms with one-half of the membership renewed every 3 years)<br>National People's Assembly (lower house with 407 seats including 8 seats for Algerian diaspora); members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by open-list proportional representation vote to serve 5-year terms); note - in March 2021, President TEBBOUNE ordered the number of Assembly seats be reduced to 407 from 462"
       },
       "elections": {
-        "text": "<br />Council of the Nation - last held on 29 December 2018 (next to be held in December 2021)<br />National People's Assembly - snap election held on 12 June 2021 (next to be held on 12 June 2026)"
+        "text": "<br>Council of the Nation - last held on 29 December 2018 (next to be held in December 2021)<br>National People's Assembly - snap election held on 12 June 2021 (next to be held on 12 June 2026)"
       },
       "election results": {
-        "text": "<br />Council of the Nation - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 137, women 7, percent of women 5%,<br />National People's Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - FLN 98, MSP 65, RND 58, EL Mostakbel 48, Movement of National Construction 39, other 15, independent 84; composition - men 373, women 34, percent of women 8.4%; note - total Parliament percent of women 7.4%"
+        "text": "<br>Council of the Nation - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 137, women 7, percent of women 5%,<br>National People's Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - FLN 98, MSP 65, RND 58, EL Mostakbel 48, Movement of National Construction 39, other 15, independent 84; composition - men 373, women 34, percent of women 8.4%; note - total Parliament percent of women 7.4%"
       }
     },
     "Judicial branch": {
@@ -562,7 +562,7 @@
       }
     },
     "Political parties and leaders": {
-      "text": "Algerian National Front or FNA [Moussa TOUATI]<br />Algerian Popular Movement or MPA [Amara BENYOUNES]<br />Algerian Rally or RA [Ali ZAGHDOUD]<br />Algeria's Hope Rally or TAJ [Amar GHOUL]<br />Democratic and Social Movement or MDS [Hamid FERHI]<br />Dignity or El Karama [Aymene HARKATI]<br />Ennour El Djazairi Party (Algerian Radiance Party) or PED [Badreddine BELBAZ]<br />Front for Justice and Development or El Adala [Abdallah DJABALLAH]<br />Future Front or El Mostakbel [Abdelaziz BELAID]<br />Islamic Renaissance Movement or Ennahda Movement [Mohamed DOUIBI]<br />Justice and Development Front or FJD [Abdellah DJABALLAH]<br />Movement of National Construction (Harakat El-Binaa El-Watani) [Abdelkader BENGRINA]<br />Movement of National Understanding or MEN<br />Movement for National Reform or Islah [Filali GHOUINI]<br />Movement of Society for Peace or MSP [Abderrazak MAKRI]<br />National Democratic Rally (Rassemblement National Democratique) or RND [Ahmed OUYAHIA]<br />National Front for Social Justice or FNJS [Khaled BOUNEDJEMA]<br />National Liberation Front or FLN [Mohamed DJEMAI]<br />National Party for Solidarity and Development or PNSD [Dalila YALAQUI]<br />National Reform Movement or Islah [Djahid YOUNSI]<br />National Republican Alliance or ANR [Belkacem SAHLI]<br />New Dawn Party or PFJ [Tahar BENBAIBECHE]<br />New Generation or Jil Jadid [Soufiane DJILALI]<br />Oath of 1954 or Ahd 54 [Ali Fawzi REBAINE]<br />Party of Justice and Liberty [Mohammed SAID]<br />Rally for Culture and Democracy or RCD [Mohcine BELABBAS]<br />Socialist Forces Front or FFS [Hakim BELAHCEL]<br />Union for Change and Progress or UCP [Zoubida Assoul]<br />Union of Democratic and Social Forces or UFDS [Noureddine BAHBOUH]<br />Vanguard of Freedoms (Talaie El Houriat) [Ali BENFLIS]<br />Youth Party or PJ [Hamana BOUCHARMA]<br />Workers Party or PT [Louisa HANOUNE]<br><br><strong>note:</strong> a law banning political parties based on religion was enacted in March 1997",
+      "text": "Algerian National Front or FNA [Moussa TOUATI]<br>Algerian Popular Movement or MPA [Amara BENYOUNES]<br>Algerian Rally or RA [Ali ZAGHDOUD]<br>Algeria's Hope Rally or TAJ [Amar GHOUL]<br>Democratic and Social Movement or MDS [Hamid FERHI]<br>Dignity or El Karama [Aymene HARKATI]<br>Ennour El Djazairi Party (Algerian Radiance Party) or PED [Badreddine BELBAZ]<br>Front for Justice and Development or El Adala [Abdallah DJABALLAH]<br>Future Front or El Mostakbel [Abdelaziz BELAID]<br>Islamic Renaissance Movement or Ennahda Movement [Mohamed DOUIBI]<br>Justice and Development Front or FJD [Abdellah DJABALLAH]<br>Movement of National Construction (Harakat El-Binaa El-Watani) [Abdelkader BENGRINA]<br>Movement of National Understanding or MEN<br>Movement for National Reform or Islah [Filali GHOUINI]<br>Movement of Society for Peace or MSP [Abderrazak MAKRI]<br>National Democratic Rally (Rassemblement National Democratique) or RND [Ahmed OUYAHIA]<br>National Front for Social Justice or FNJS [Khaled BOUNEDJEMA]<br>National Liberation Front or FLN [Mohamed DJEMAI]<br>National Party for Solidarity and Development or PNSD [Dalila YALAQUI]<br>National Reform Movement or Islah [Djahid YOUNSI]<br>National Republican Alliance or ANR [Belkacem SAHLI]<br>New Dawn Party or PFJ [Tahar BENBAIBECHE]<br>New Generation or Jil Jadid [Soufiane DJILALI]<br>Oath of 1954 or Ahd 54 [Ali Fawzi REBAINE]<br>Party of Justice and Liberty [Mohammed SAID]<br>Rally for Culture and Democracy or RCD [Mohcine BELABBAS]<br>Socialist Forces Front or FFS [Hakim BELAHCEL]<br>Union for Change and Progress or UCP [Zoubida Assoul]<br>Union of Democratic and Social Forces or UFDS [Noureddine BAHBOUH]<br>Vanguard of Freedoms (Talaie El Houriat) [Ali BENFLIS]<br>Youth Party or PJ [Hamana BOUCHARMA]<br>Workers Party or PT [Louisa HANOUNE]<br><br><strong>note:</strong> a law banning political parties based on religion was enacted in March 1997",
       "note": "<strong>note:</strong> a law banning political parties based on religion was enacted in March 1997"
     },
     "International organization participation": {
@@ -1142,13 +1142,13 @@
   },
   "Terrorism": {
     "Terrorist group(s)": {
-      "text": "al-Qa'ida in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM); Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS) &ndash; Algeria; al-Mulathamun Battalion (al-Mourabitoun)<br><br><strong>note:</strong> details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in <a title=\"Appendix-T\" href=\"../appendix/appendix-t.html\">Appendix T</a>",
-      "note": "<strong>note:</strong> details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in <a title=\"Appendix-T\" href=\"../appendix/appendix-t.html\">Appendix T</a>"
+      "text": "al-Qa'ida in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM); Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS) – Algeria; al-Mulathamun Battalion (al-Mourabitoun)<br><br><strong>note:</strong> details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in Appendix T",
+      "note": "<strong>note:</strong> details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in Appendix T"
     }
   },
   "Transnational Issues": {
     "Disputes - international": {
-      "text": "<p>Algeria and many other states reject Moroccan administration of Western Sahara; the Polisario Front, exiled in Algeria, represents the \"Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic\" which Algeria recognizes; the Algerian-Moroccan land border remains closed; dormant disputes include Libyan claims of about 32,000 sq km of southeastern Algeria and the National Liberation Front's (FLN) assertions of a claim to Chirac Pastures in southeastern Morocco.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p>"
+      "text": "<p>Algeria and many other states reject Moroccan administration of Western Sahara; the Polisario Front, exiled in Algeria, represents the \"Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic\" which Algeria recognizes; the Algerian-Moroccan land border remains closed; dormant disputes include Libyan claims of about 32,000 sq km of southeastern Algeria and the National Liberation Front's (FLN) assertions of a claim to Chirac Pastures in southeastern Morocco.</p> <p> </p>"
     },
     "Refugees and internally displaced persons": {
       "refugees (country of origin)": {